CN108132353B - 实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统 - Google Patents
实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统。实验室样品分配系统,包括:若干个样品容器载体,其适于承载一个或多个样品容器,每个样品容器载体包括至少一个磁致激活装置;输送平面,其适于支撑所述样品容器载体;若干个电磁致动器,其固定地布置在所述输送平面下方,所述电磁致动器适于通过对所述样品容器载体施加磁力而使所述样品容器载体在所述输送平面之上移动;旋转装置,其包括:旋转表面;以及旋转驱动器,其适于引起所述旋转表面的旋转运动;以及控制装置,其被配置成驱动所述电磁致动器,使得待旋转的样品容器载体在所述旋转表面上移动,并且所述控制装置被配置成控制所述旋转驱动器,使得引起所述样品容器载体的旋转。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种实验室样品分配系统和一种实验室自动化系统。
背景技术
已知的实验室样品分配系统通常被用在实验室自动化系统中,以便在不同的实验室站之间输送包含在样品容器中的样品。
文献WO 2013/064656 A1中公开了一种典型的实验室样品分配系统。这样的实验室样品分配系统提供了高通量和可靠的操作。
US 9 248 982 B2公开了一种用于输送样品容器的输送系统,其中,样品容器被放置在基于轮子的样品容器载体中。
WO 2013/098202 A1公开了一种用于样品或试剂的输送系统,该输送系统包括呈平面电机形式的驱动装置。
DE 10 2014 202 838 B3中示出了用于在实验室自动化系统的预分析站、分析站和/或后分析站之间接收、保持和输送样品容器的一种典型的样品容器载体。
WO 2016/012517 A1公开了一种用于通过磁力在输送平面之上输送样品容器的样品容器载体。
通过实验室样品分配系统分配的样品容器可以包含条形码或其他识别标签,以便识别包含在样品容器中的样品。这样的识别标签可以通过光学识别装置读出,例如通过条形码读取器或摄像机。
然而,已发现的是,读取这样的识别标签在某些状况下是复杂的,这是因为该识别标签通常不跨越样品容器的整个周界。由于样品容器通常可以在实验室样品分配系统的输送平面上自由旋转,因此当样品容器被放置在特定位置处以便读取识别标签时,读取装置可能不能识别识别标签的足够部分。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供用于识别样品容器的识别标签的足够部分的实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统。
本发明通过提供根据权利要求1的实验室样品分配系统和根据权利要求10的实验室自动化系统来解决该目的。
实验室样品分配系统包括若干个样品容器载体。样品容器载体的数量例如可以是从1到1 000 000的范围中的数量。
所述样品容器载体适于承载和/或保持和/或储存一个或多个样品容器。所述样品容器通常被设计为由玻璃或透明塑料制成的管,并且通常在上端处具有开口。实验室样品容器可以被用于包含、储存和输送例如血液样品、(血液)血清或血浆样品、尿液样品、分离凝胶、凝血(血细胞)或化学样品之类的实验室样品。样品容器可以是旋转对称的。
每个样品容器载体包括至少一个磁致激活装置。该磁致激活装置可以是永磁体或电磁体。
所述实验室样品分配系统还包括输送平面,其适于支撑或承载样品容器载体。该输送平面可以是平坦的平面,并且样品容器载体被放置在该输送平面之上。
所述实验室样品分配系统还包括若干个电磁致动器。该电磁致动器的数量例如可以是从1到1 000 000的范围中的数量。
所述电磁致动器被固定地布置在输送平面下方,例如以形成网格的行和列来布置。所述电磁致动器可以是具有铁磁芯的线圈。该线圈可适于产生磁场。电磁致动器所产生的磁场可以穿过输送平面。该磁场可以与样品容器载体的磁致激活装置的磁场相互作用。施加在样品容器载体上的磁力可能是这种场的相互作用的结果。由于该磁力,样品容器载体可以在输送平面上方滑动和/或移动。因此,电磁致动器适于通过对样品容器载体的磁致激活装置施加磁力而使样品容器载体在输送平面之上移动。
所述实验室样品分配系统还包括旋转装置。该旋转装置包括旋转表面。该旋转表面可以是圆形的表面。与输送平面的尺寸相比,旋转表面在其尺寸上可以更小。该旋转表面可以被实施为旋转元件的特定侧,例如上侧。旋转元件可以被可旋转地安装。所述旋转装置还包括旋转驱动器,其适于引起所述旋转表面的旋转运动。该旋转驱动器可以是电动机或气动马达。附加地或替代地,布置在输送平面下方的电磁致动器可以形成所述旋转驱动器。
所述实验室样品分配系统还包括控制装置,例如呈个人计算机或基于微处理器的控制装置的形式。该控制装置被配置成驱动电磁致动器。响应于被驱动的电磁致动器,每个样品容器载体可以沿某一路径移动。该样品容器载体的路径可以是分立的路径。所述控制装置被配置成驱动电磁致动器,使得待旋转的样品容器载体移动到所述旋转表面上。所述控制装置还被配置成控制旋转驱动器,使得引起样品容器载体的旋转。
与待旋转的样品容器载体的占用空间相比,所述旋转表面在其尺寸上可以更大。该旋转表面可适于支撑或承载待旋转的样品容器载体。待旋转的样品容器载体可以被放置在旋转表面上方或旋转表面之上。当放置在旋转表面上时,样品容器载体与所承载的样品容器一起旋转。
在一个实施例中,旋转表面的(竖直)水平高度(level)和输送平面的水平高度是相同的。该水平高度可以是具有相同的参考点的高度。当待旋转的样品容器载体移动到旋转表面上时,旋转表面和输送平面的相同水平高度可防止样品容器载体的倾斜。
在一个实施例中,所述旋转装置包括旋转板。该旋转板可以是圆柱体。旋转板的上侧可以形成旋转表面。该上侧可以是旋转板的对接表面(facing surface)。所述旋转驱动器适于引起旋转板的旋转运动。该旋转运动可以由旋转驱动器所产生并施加于旋转板的力引起。该力可以通过型面配合连接(positive connection)或摩擦型连接而被施加于旋转板。
在一个实施例中,所述输送平面包括凹部。该凹部可以具有圆形的形状。旋转板可以被布置在该凹部内。旋转板可以按可旋转的方式放置在该凹部内。限定该凹部和输送平面的元件可以是一件。
在一个实施例中,所述旋转板包括磁致激活装置,其具有各向异性的磁特性,优选为各向异性的磁场。旋转力通过与位于旋转板中的磁致激活装置的磁场相互作用的外部产生的磁场来产生。位于旋转板中的磁致激活装置可以被实施为永磁体,例如条形磁体或铁磁材料。
在一个实施例中,电磁致动器包括相应的铁磁芯。该铁磁芯可以被实施为铁磁材料的圆柱体。铁磁芯中的至少一个被布置成可在上部竖直位置和下部竖直位置之间竖直移动。在下部竖直位置,可竖直移动的铁磁芯可以位于输送平面下方。在上部竖直位置,可竖直移动的铁磁芯的顶表面接触放置在可竖直移动的铁磁芯上方的样品容器载体的底表面。在下部竖直位置,可竖直移动的铁磁芯的顶表面通常不接触样品容器载体的底表面。可竖直移动的铁磁芯的顶表面形成旋转表面。该顶表面可以是可竖直移动的铁磁芯的具有形式为圆柱体的形状的上侧。
所述旋转驱动器适于引起可竖直移动的铁磁芯的旋转运动。旋转驱动器可以被功能性地耦接到可竖直移动的铁磁芯。旋转驱动器可以对可竖直移动的铁磁芯施加力,其中,该力可以引起可竖直移动的铁磁芯的旋转。
在一个实施例中,放置在可竖直移动的铁磁芯上方的样品容器载体的磁致激活装置和/或旋转驱动器和/或电磁致动器适于使可竖直移动的铁磁芯从上部竖直位置移动到下部竖直位置,和/或适于使可竖直移动的铁磁芯从下部竖直位置移动到上部竖直位置。可竖直移动的铁磁芯的运动可以由源自磁场与铁磁芯的铁磁材料之间的相互作用的力引起。所述控制装置可适于控制和/或启动可竖直移动的铁磁芯的运动。
在一个实施例中,旋转表面和样品容器载体的放置在旋转表面上的表面形成型面配合连接或摩擦型连接。该型面配合连接或摩擦型连接可以防止样品容器载体在样品容器载体的旋转运动开始和/或结束时滑动。
在一个实施例中,所述实验室样品分配系统还包括条形码扫描单元。该条形码扫描单元适于扫描放置在样品容器上的条形码标签,该样品容器通过待旋转的样品容器载体来保持。所述控制装置适于引起旋转表面的旋转运动,并且因此,引起放置在旋转表面上的样品容器载体的旋转运动,该样品容器载体保持具有待扫描的条形码标签的样品容器,使得条形码标签可被条形码扫描单元读取。所述旋转表面可以使待旋转的样品容器载体旋转。所述条形码扫描单元可适于在样品容器载体的旋转运动期间扫描条形码标签。条形码可以确定待输送的样品容器载体的目的地,和/或可以包括关于包含在样品容器中的样品的信息。
所述实验室自动化系统包括上述的实验室样品分配系统。所述实验室自动化系统还包括若干个实验室站。实验室站的数量例如可以是在从1至100的范围中的数量。
所述实验室站例如可以是预分析站、分析站和/或后分析站。
预分析站可适于执行对样品和/或实验室样品容器的任何种类的预处理。
分析站可适于使用样品或样品的一部分和/或试剂来产生测量信号,该测量信号指示分析物是否存在以及以何种浓度存在。
后分析站可适于执行对样品和/或样品容器的任何种类的后处理。
所述预分析站、分析站和/或后分析站可包括脱盖站、重加盖站、等分站、离心站、归档站、移液站、分拣站、管类型识别站、样品质量确定站、附加缓冲站、液位检测站以及密封/脱封站中的至少一个。
所述实验室样品分配系统适于在实验室站之间分配样品容器。所述实验室样品分配系统可适于响应于所扫描的条形码标签而在实验室站之间分配样品容器。
附图说明
将参照示意性地描绘了本发明的实施例的附图来详细地描述本发明。在所有附图中,相同的元件将通过相同的附图标记来表示。详细来说:
图1示意性地描绘了包括旋转板的根据第一实施例的实验室样品分配系统,
图2示意性地描绘了根据另一实施例的实验室样品分配系统,其包括具有可竖直移动的铁磁芯的电磁致动器,
图3更详细地示意性描绘了包括可竖直移动的铁磁芯的图2的电磁致动器,
图4示意性地描绘了根据另一实施例的实验室样品分配系统,
图5示意性地描绘了包括样品分配系统的实验室自动化系统。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地描绘了包括若干个样品容器载体140的实验室样品分配系统100。出于解释的目的,仅示出了三个样品容器载体140作为该若干个样品容器载体140的代表。样品容器载体140的数量例如可以在10至10000的范围中。每个样品容器载体140包括呈永磁体形式的磁致激活装置141。此外,每个样品容器载体140保持样品容器145。条形码标签161被放置在每个样品容器145上。
样品容器载体140被放置在作为实验室样品分配系统100的一部分的平坦的输送平面110上。样品容器载体140适于在输送平面110上/上方滑动和/或移动。此外,若干个或多个电磁致动器120被固定地布置在输送平面110下方。电磁致动器120适于产生磁场,该磁场在样品容器载体140的永磁体141上产生磁力。由于该磁力,样品容器载体140在输送平面110上/上方移动/滑动。
磁场的产生,并且因此磁力的产生,通过控制装置150来控制。控制装置150被配置成驱动电磁致动器120,使得每个样品容器载体140在单独的路径上滑动,其中,该路径通过控制装置150来规划和/或控制。
样品分配系统100还包括条形码扫描单元160。条形码扫描单元160适于扫描放置在相应的样品容器145上的条形码标签161。为了扫描条形码标签161,控制装置150驱动电磁致动器120,使得包括具有待扫描的条形码标签161的样品容器145的样品容器载体140在旋转装置130的旋转板133上滑动。旋转板133和输送平面110具有相同的水平高度,以便防止样品容器载体140在从输送平面110滑动到旋转板133上时倾斜。
当样品容器载体140被放置在旋转表面131上时,控制装置150控制旋转驱动器132使样品容器载体140旋转。条形码扫描单元160在样品容器载体140的旋转期间反复尝试读取条形码标签161。当条形码标签161被成功读取时,条形码扫描单元160将读取的条形码传送至控制装置150,并且控制装置150停止旋转旋转表面131。然后,控制装置150驱动电磁致动器120,使得样品容器载体140移离旋转板133。
图2示出了实验室样品分配系统100的另一实施例。该实验室样品分配系统100包括具有圆柱形通孔125的输送平面110。通孔125相对于电磁致动器120的圆柱形的可竖直移动的铁磁芯121同心地布置。通孔125具有小于样品容器载体140的相应支架的直径的直径,并且因此,样品容器载体140在开口125上方滑动和/或移动。然而,通孔125具有大于可竖直移动的铁磁芯121的直径的直径,并且因此,可竖直移动的铁磁芯121能够穿过输送平面110。
图3更详细地示出了布置在图2中的通孔125之下的电磁致动器120。该电磁致动器120包括可竖直移动的铁磁芯121和线圈122。可竖直移动的铁磁芯121被线圈122围绕。线圈122用于径向固定铁磁芯121。可竖直移动的铁磁芯121的前侧或上侧形成旋转表面131。
可竖直移动的铁磁芯121被功能性地耦接到旋转驱动器132,使得旋转驱动器132可以引起铁磁芯121的旋转。
放置在可竖直移动的铁磁芯上方的样品容器载体140的磁致激活装置141引起可竖直移动的铁磁芯121的从下部竖直位置到上部竖直位置的运动。当被激活时,分配给可竖直移动的铁磁芯121的线圈122引起可竖直移动的铁磁芯121的从上部竖直位置回到下部竖直位置的运动,使得可竖直移动的铁磁芯121在必要时可以在其下部竖直位置和上部竖直位置之间转换。
在下部竖直位置,旋转表面131位于输送平面110下方。在上部竖直位置,旋转表面131通过开口125并接触放置在上方的样品容器载体140的底部。
密封件170可以位于通孔125和可竖直移动的铁磁芯121之间。密封件170防止物质通过输送平面110和可移动的铁磁芯121之间的间隙。例如,密封件170可以是间隙密封件、迷宫式密封件或彼此互锁的型材(profile)。
为了扫描条形码标签161,在第一步骤中,可竖直移动的铁磁芯121处于下部竖直位置,并且控制装置150驱动电磁致动器120,使得承载具有待扫描的条形码标签161的样品容器145的样品容器载体140在通孔125上方滑动。
样品容器载体140的磁致激活装置141使可竖直移动的铁磁芯121竖直运动到其上部竖直位置。
在上部竖直位置,可竖直移动的铁磁芯121像摩擦离合器那样接触样品容器载体140的底表面。
然后,控制装置150通过控制旋转驱动器132来启动可竖直移动的铁磁芯121的旋转运动。
条形码扫描单元160随后在可竖直移动的铁磁芯121的旋转运动期间读取条形码标签161。当条形码标签161被成功读取时,条形码扫描单元160将读取的条形码传送至控制装置150。控制装置150适于控制旋转驱动器132,使得在条形码标签被成功读取之后,可竖直移动的铁磁芯121的旋转运动停止。
然后,控制装置150启动可竖直移动的铁磁芯121回到其下部竖直位置的运动。
此外,控制装置150驱动电磁致动器120,使得样品容器载体140移离通孔125。
图4中描绘了本发明的实验室样品分配系统100的另一实施例。该实验室样品分配系统100包括具有凹部180的输送平面110。旋转板133被可旋转地插入到凹部180中。旋转板133包括磁致激活装置190,其形式为具有各向异性磁场的条形磁体。该条形磁体沿水平方向延伸,即平行于输送平面110延伸。
旋转板133通过磁力来旋转,该磁力由磁致激活装置190的磁场与电磁致动器120的磁场之间的相互作用产生。包括磁致激活装置190的旋转板133形成电动机的转子。电磁致动器120形成电动机的定子。电磁致动器120被控制成使得引起旋转磁场,其中,转子依循该旋转磁场。换言之,电磁致动器120和旋转板133形成同步电机。
旋转板133可以像摩擦离合器那样接触样品容器载体140的底表面。
为了通过条形码扫描单元160来扫描条形码标签161,控制装置150驱动电磁致动器120,使得包括具有待扫描的条形码标签161的样品容器145的样品容器载体140在旋转板133上滑动。然后,控制装置150驱动电磁致动器120,使得旋转板133旋转。条形码扫描单元160随后在旋转装置130的旋转运动期间扫描条形码标签161,如已关于图1至图3所论述的。
图5示意性地描绘了包括两个实验室站20和30的实验室自动化系统10。实验室站20和30处理包含在样品容器145中的样品。
例如,实验室站20执行尿液分析,并且实验室站30执行血液分析。实验室自动化系统10还包括如例如图1至图4中所描绘的样品分配系统100。
该样品分配系统100适于在实验室站20和30之间分配样品容器145。实验室站20和30之间的分配可以响应于放置在样品容器145上的所扫描的条形码标签161来进行。分配可以通过控制装置150来控制。
Claims (10)
1.实验室样品分配系统(100),包括:
- 若干个样品容器载体(140),其适于承载一个或多个样品容器(145),每个样品容器载体(140)包括至少一个第一磁致激活装置(141),
- 输送平面(110),其适于支撑所述样品容器载体(140),
- 若干个电磁致动器(120),其固定地布置在所述输送平面(110)下方,所述电磁致动器(120)适于通过对所述样品容器载体(140)施加磁力而使所述样品容器载体(140)在所述输送平面(110)之上移动,
- 旋转装置(130),其包括:
- 旋转表面(131),以及
- 旋转驱动器(132),其适于引起所述旋转表面(131)的旋转运动,以及
- 控制装置(150),其被配置成驱动所述电磁致动器(120),使得待旋转的样品容器载体(140)在所述旋转表面(131)上移动,并且所述控制装置(150)被配置成控制所述旋转驱动器(132),使得引起所述样品容器载体(140)的旋转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述旋转表面(131)的水平高度和所述输送平面(110)的水平高度相同。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述旋转装置(130)包括旋转板(133),
- 其中,所述旋转板(133)的一侧形成所述旋转表面(131),
- 其中,所述旋转驱动器(132)适于引起所述旋转板(133)的旋转运动。
4.根据权利要求3所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述输送平面(110)包括凹部(180),
- 其中,所述旋转板(133)被布置在所述凹部(180)中。
5.根据权利要求3所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述旋转板(133)包括具有各向异性的磁特性的第二磁致激活装置(190)。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述电磁致动器(120)包括铁磁芯(121),
- 其中,所述铁磁芯(121)中的至少一个能够在上部竖直位置和下部竖直位置之间竖直移动,
- 其中,在所述上部竖直位置,可竖直移动的所述铁磁芯(121)的顶表面接触放置在可竖直移动的所述铁磁芯(121)上方的所述样品容器载体(140),
- 其中,可竖直移动的所述铁磁芯(121)的所述顶表面形成所述旋转表面(131),以及
- 其中,所述旋转驱动器(132)适于引起可竖直移动的所述铁磁芯(121)的旋转运动。
7.根据权利要求6所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 放置在可竖直移动的所述铁磁芯(121)上方的样品容器载体(140)的第一磁致激活装置(141)和/或所述旋转驱动器(132)和/或电磁致动器(120)适于使可竖直移动的所述铁磁芯(121)从所述上部竖直位置移动到所述下部竖直位置,和/或适于使可竖直移动的所述铁磁芯(121)从所述下部竖直位置移动到所述上部竖直位置。
8.根据权利要求1所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述旋转表面(131)和所述样品容器载体(140)的放置在所述旋转表面上的表面形成型面配合连接或摩擦型连接。
9.根据权利要求1所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),包括:
- 条形码扫描单元(160),其适于扫描放置在样品容器(145)上的条形码标签(161),所述样品容器(145)通过待旋转的所述样品容器载体(140)来保持,
- 其中,所述控制装置(150)适于引起所述旋转表面(131)的旋转运动,使得所述条形码标签(161)能够被所述条形码扫描单元(160)读取。
10.实验室自动化系统(10),包括:
- 若干个实验室站(20、30),以及
- 根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其中,所述实验室样品分配系统(100)适于在所述实验室站(20、30)之间分配样品容器(145)。
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CN108132353A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
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US10416183B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 |
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