CN104174077B - 泵盒 - Google Patents

泵盒 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104174077B
CN104174077B CN201410171980.1A CN201410171980A CN104174077B CN 104174077 B CN104174077 B CN 104174077B CN 201410171980 A CN201410171980 A CN 201410171980A CN 104174077 B CN104174077 B CN 104174077B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fluid
pump
valve
barrier film
pump cassette
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201410171980.1A
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English (en)
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CN104174077A (zh
Inventor
杰森·A·德默斯
迈克尔·J·威尔特
凯文·L·格兰特
詹姆斯·D·戴尔
布莱恩·特雷西
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Deka Products LP
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Deka Products LP
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Publication date
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Publication of CN104174077A publication Critical patent/CN104174077A/zh
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Publication of CN104174077B publication Critical patent/CN104174077B/zh
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/025Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms two or more plate-like pumping members in parallel
    • F04B43/026Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms two or more plate-like pumping members in parallel each plate-like pumping flexible member working in its own pumping chamber
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/15Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with a cassette forming partially or totally the flow circuit for the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate fluid circuit or the treating gas circuit
    • A61M1/154Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with a cassette forming partially or totally the flow circuit for the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate fluid circuit or the treating gas circuit with sensing means or components thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/15Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with a cassette forming partially or totally the flow circuit for the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate fluid circuit or the treating gas circuit
    • A61M1/155Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with a cassette forming partially or totally the flow circuit for the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate fluid circuit or the treating gas circuit with treatment-fluid pumping means or components thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/15Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with a cassette forming partially or totally the flow circuit for the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate fluid circuit or the treating gas circuit
    • A61M1/156Constructional details of the cassette, e.g. specific details on material or shape
    • A61M1/1561Constructional details of the cassette, e.g. specific details on material or shape at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/15Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with a cassette forming partially or totally the flow circuit for the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate fluid circuit or the treating gas circuit
    • A61M1/156Constructional details of the cassette, e.g. specific details on material or shape
    • A61M1/1562Details of incorporated reservoirs
    • A61M1/15625Details of incorporated reservoirs the reservoirs acting as balance chambers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/15Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with a cassette forming partially or totally the flow circuit for the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate fluid circuit or the treating gas circuit
    • A61M1/156Constructional details of the cassette, e.g. specific details on material or shape
    • A61M1/1565Details of valves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1601Control or regulation
    • A61M1/1603Regulation parameters
    • A61M1/1605Physical characteristics of the dialysate fluid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1621Constructional aspects thereof
    • A61M1/1635Constructional aspects thereof with volume chamber balancing devices between used and fresh dialysis fluid
    • A61M1/1639Constructional aspects thereof with volume chamber balancing devices between used and fresh dialysis fluid linked by membranes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/166Heating
    • A61M1/1664Heating with temperature control
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/1666Apparatus for preparing dialysates by dissolving solids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/28Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
    • A61M1/287Dialysates therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/104Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
    • A61M60/109Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems
    • A61M60/113Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
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    • A61M60/20Type thereof
    • A61M60/247Positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/253Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood
    • A61M60/268Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood the displacement member being flexible, e.g. membranes, diaphragms or bladders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M60/30Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output
    • A61M60/36Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output for specific blood treatment; for specific therapy
    • A61M60/37Haemodialysis, haemofiltration or diafiltration
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M60/40Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/424Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/427Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being hydraulic or pneumatic
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M60/835Constructional details other than related to driving of positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/837Aspects of flexible displacement members, e.g. shapes or materials
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    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M60/80Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/845Constructional details other than related to driving of extracorporeal blood pumps
    • A61M60/847Constructional details other than related to driving of extracorporeal blood pumps arranged in a cassette
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/845Constructional details other than related to driving of extracorporeal blood pumps
    • A61M60/851Valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B13/00Pumps specially modified to deliver fixed or variable measured quantities
    • F04B13/02Pumps specially modified to deliver fixed or variable measured quantities of two or more fluids at the same time
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06Combinations of two or more pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04B43/02Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/06Pumps having fluid drive
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • F04B43/02Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/06Pumps having fluid drive
    • F04B43/073Pumps having fluid drive the actuating fluid being controlled by at least one valve
    • F04B43/0733Pumps having fluid drive the actuating fluid being controlled by at least one valve with fluid-actuated pump inlet or outlet valves; with two or more pumping chambers in series
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04B43/02Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
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    • F04B43/0736Pumps having fluid drive the actuating fluid being controlled by at least one valve with two or more pumping chambers in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04B45/053Pumps having fluid drive
    • F04B45/0536Pumps having fluid drive the actuating fluid being controlled by one or more valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
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  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
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Abstract

揭露了一种泵盒。所述泵盒包括壳体,所述壳体包括至少一个流体进口管和至少一个流体出口管。所述泵盒还包括位于所述壳体内的至少一个往复压力隔膜位移泵(820)。所述压力泵将流体从所述流体进口管抽吸至所述流体出口管。所述泵盒还包括所述壳体上的中空尖刺部(902)及至少一个计量泵(830)。所述计量泵(830)与所述壳体上的所述中空尖刺部(902)以及计量泵流体管流体连接。所述计量泵流体管与所述流体出口管流体连接。

Description

泵盒
本申请为2008年2月26日提交的200880013766.6发明专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求申请于2007年12月12日、名称为“泵盒”、要求下列美国临时专利申请之优先权的第11/871,680号专利申请,通过完全引用的方式将它们的内容合并在此。
申请于2007年2月27日、名称为“血液透析系统及方法”的第60/904,024号美国临时专利申请;及
申请于2007年2月27日、名称为“传感器装置”的第60/921,314号美国临时专利申请,通过完全引用的方式将它们的内容合并在此。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于抽吸流体的泵盒。
发明内容
根据泵盒的一个方面,所述一种泵盒包括壳体,所述壳体包括至少一个流体进口管和至少一个流体出口管。所述泵盒还包括位于所述壳体内的至少一个往复压力隔膜位移泵。所述压力泵将流体从所述流体进口管抽吸至所述流体出口管。所述泵盒还包括所述壳体上的中空尖刺部及至少一个计量泵。所述计量泵与所述壳体上的所述中空尖刺部和计量泵流体管流体连接。所述计量泵流体管与所述流体出口管流体连接。
泵盒的这一方面的多种实施例,包括一或多种下列情形。所述往复压力隔膜位移泵包括弯曲的刚性腔室壁及附接至所述刚性腔室壁的挠性隔膜。所述挠性隔膜和所述刚性腔室壁界定出抽吸腔室。此外,所述泵盒还包括流体连接至所述计量泵流体管的气孔。所述泵盒包括连接至所述气孔的空气过滤器。所述泵盒的壳体包括顶板、中间板及底板。一些实施例还包括一或多个下列情形。容器附接件包括用于容纳并且保持容器的容器支撑装置及用于附接至所述泵盒上的所述尖刺部的泵盒附接装置。所述泵盒附接装置包括壳体以及所述壳体内的针部,所述针部与所述容器支撑装置流体连通。此外,所述泵盒还包括至少一个阀。一些实施例中,所述阀包括具有隔膜的阀壳体,所述隔膜将所述阀 壳体分为两个腔室,即致动腔室和液体腔室。一些实施例中,所述致动腔室具有至少一个孔,并且所述液体腔室具有至少一个孔。所述阀的一些实施例中,所述致动腔室包括两个孔。所述阀的一些实施例中,所述液体腔室包括基本平滑的表面。所述阀的一些实施例中,所述致动腔室包括至少一个凸起的部件。所述阀的一些实施例中,其中所述阀为喷发阀。
根据泵盒的另一方面,所述泵盒包括壳体,所述壳体包括至少一个流体进口管和至少一个流体出口管。所述泵盒还包括位于所述壳体内的至少一个往复压力隔膜位移泵。所述压力泵将流体从所述流体进口管抽吸至所述流体出口管。此外,所述泵盒包括位于所述壳体内的第二流体施予系统,所述第二流体施予系统包括隔膜计量泵、用于将一定体积的第二流体抽吸入所述流体出口管的第二流体进口管、用于使所述第二流体流入所述第二流体进口管的中空尖刺部、以及流体连接至所述流体进口管的气孔。
泵盒的这一方面的多种实施例包括一或多种下列情形。所述往复压力隔膜位移泵包括弯曲的刚性腔室壁及附接至所述刚性腔室壁的挠性隔膜。所述挠性隔膜和所述刚性腔室壁界定出抽吸腔室。所述泵盒壳体包括顶板、中间板及底板。
根据泵盒的另一方面,所述泵盒包括壳体,所述壳体包括至少一个用于从病人处抽吸血液的血液进口管,以及一个用于将血液抽吸至透析器的血液出口管。此外,所述泵盒还包括位于所述壳体内的至少两个往复压力隔膜位移泵。所述压力泵将所述血液从病人处抽吸至所述透析器。所述泵盒还包括至少两个阀,所述阀包括壳体和隔膜。所述隔膜将所述阀的壳体分为两个腔室,即致动腔室和液体腔室。所述致动腔室具有至少一个孔,并且所述液体腔室具有至少两个孔。所述液体腔室包括基本平滑的表面。所述泵盒还包括位于所述泵盒的壳体内的肝素施予系统。所述肝素施予系统包括隔膜泵、用于将一定体积的肝素抽吸入所述血液出口管的肝素进口管、用于使所述肝素流入所述肝素进口管的中空尖刺部、及流体连接至所述肝素进口管的用以捕获空气的空气过滤器。
泵盒的这一方面的多种实施例包括一或多种下列情形。所述往复压力隔膜位移泵包括成弯曲的刚性腔室壁及附接至所述刚性腔室壁的挠性隔膜,所述挠性隔膜和所述刚性腔室壁界定出抽吸腔室。所述泵盒壳体包括顶板、中间板及底板。所述往复压力隔膜位移泵包括至少一个表面上有凹陷的隔膜。
本发明的这些方面并不意味着是排他的,并且结合所附权利要求和附图,本技术领域的普通技术人员可容易地明白本发明的其他部件、方面及优点。
附图说明
参考附图,阅读下文的详述描述可更好地理解本发明的这些和其他优点, 其中:
图1A为结合入泵盒实施例的荚泵之实施例的剖视图;
图1B为结合入泵盒实施例的荚泵之代替实施例的剖视图;
图2A为结合入泵盒的实施例的一种气动控制阀的实施例的示意剖视图;
图2B为结合入泵盒的实施例的一种气动控制阀的另一实施例的剖视图;
图2C为结合入泵盒的实施例的一种气动控制阀的另一实施例的剖视图;
图2D为结合入泵盒的实施例的一种气动控制阀的另一实施例的剖视图;
图2E-2F为阀隔膜的实施例的俯视图和仰视图;
图2G示出了阀隔膜的一个实施例的示意图、俯视图和剖视图;
图3A和3B分别为泵盒内的荚泵的俯视图和剖视图;
图4A和4B分别为泵盒内具有可变隔膜的荚泵的示意图;
图4C和4D分别为泵盒内具有凹陷/可变隔膜的荚泵的俯视图和剖视图;
图4E和4F为带有可变表面的单环隔膜的示意图;
图5A-5D为可变隔膜的多种实施例的示意图;
图5E-5H为计量泵隔膜的多种实施例的示意图;
图6A和6B为带有光滑表面的双环隔膜的示意图;
图6C和6D为带有凹陷表面的双环隔膜的示意图;
图6E和6F为带有可变表面的双环隔膜的示意图;
图6G为带有可变表面的双环隔膜的剖视图;
图7为可用来致动荚泵的压力致动系统的示意图;
图8为泵盒的流体流路示意图;
图9A-9B为泵盒的示范实施例的外顶板的等距图和俯视图;
图9C-9D为泵盒的示范实施例的内顶板的等距图和俯视图;
图9E为泵盒的示范实施例的顶板的侧视图;
图10A和10B为泵盒的示范实施例的中间板的液体侧的等距图和俯视图;
图10C和10D为泵盒的示范实施例的中间板的空气侧的等距图和俯视图;
图11A-11B为泵盒的示范实施例的底板内侧的等距图和俯视图;
图11C和11D为泵盒的示范实施例的底板外侧的等距图和俯视图;
图11E为泵盒实施例的底板的侧视图;
图12A为附接有瓶子的泵盒的已装配实施例的俯视图;
图12B为附接有瓶子的泵盒的已装配实施例的仰视图;
图12C为附接有瓶子的泵盒的已装配实施例的分解图;
图12D为附接有瓶子的泵盒的已装配实施例的分解图;
图13A-13C为已装配泵盒的示范实施例的剖视图;
图14A-14B示出了计量泵的已装配代替实施例;
图14C-14D为计量泵的已装配代替实施例分解图;
图14E示出了连接至泵盒的计量泵的已装配代替实施例;
图14F示出了连接至泵盒的计量泵的部分已装配代替实施例;
图15A-15B为计量泵代替实施例的外顶板的等距图和俯视图;
图15C-15D为计量泵代替实施例的内顶板的仰视图;
图16A-16B为计量泵代替实施例的中间板的液体侧的等距图和俯视图;
图16C-16D为计量泵代替实施例的中间板的液体侧的等距图和仰视图;
图17A-17B为计量泵代替实施例的底板内侧的等距图和俯视图;
图17C-17D为计量泵代替实施例的底板外侧的等距图和仰视图;
图18A-18B为泵盒代替实施例的顶板外侧的等距图和俯视图;
图18C-18D为泵盒代替实施例的顶板内侧的仰视图;
图18E为顶板的代替实施例的侧视图;
图19A-19B为泵盒代替实施例的液体侧中间板的等距图和俯视图;
图19C-19D为泵盒代替实施例的空气侧中间板的等距图和仰视图;
图19E为中间板的代替实施例的侧视图;
图20A-20B为泵盒代替实施例的内底板的等距图和俯视图;
图20C-20D为泵盒代替实施例的外底板的等距图和仰视图;
图20E为底板的代替实施例的侧视图;
图21A为附接有瓶子的泵盒的已装配代替实施例的俯视图;
图21B为附接有瓶子的泵盒的已装配代替实施例的仰视图;
图21C为附接有瓶自的泵盒的已装配代替实施例的分解图;
图21D为附接有瓶自的泵盒的已装配代替实施例的分解图;
图22A-22B为已装配泵盒的代替实施例的剖视图;
图23A-23B为泵盒代替实施例的外顶板的等距图和俯视图;
图23C-23D为泵盒的代替实施例的内顶板的仰视图;
图23E为顶板的代替实施例的侧视图;
图24A-24B为泵盒代替实施例的液体侧中间板的等距图和俯视图;
图24C-24D为泵盒代替实施例的空气侧中间板的等距图和仰视图;
图24E为中间板的代替实施例的侧视图;
图25A-25B为泵盒代替实施例的内底板的等距图和俯视图;
图25C-25D为泵盒代替实施例的外底板的等距图和仰视图;
图25E为底板的代替实施例的侧视图;
图26A为泵盒的已装配代替实施例的俯视图;
图26B为泵盒的已装配代替实施例的仰视图;
图26C为泵盒的已装配代替实施例的分解图;
图26D为泵盒的已装配代替实施例的分解图;
图27A-27B为已装配泵盒的代替实施例的剖视图。
具体实施方式
1.抽吸盒
1.1盒
所述泵盒(pumping pump)包括多个部件,即,荚泵(pod pump)、流体管,并且在一些实施例中包括阀。本文中所示以及所描述的盒实施例包括示范及代替实施例。然而,包含任何具有类似功能的多种盒。同样地,尽管在此描述的盒的实施例为图8所示的流体示意结构的实现,但其他实施例中,该盒可具有变化的流路及/或阀布置及/或荚泵布置以及数量,由此,仍然在本发明的范围之内。
实施例中,所述盒包括顶板、中间板和底板。各板可有多种实施例。一般地,顶板包括泵腔室和流体管,中间板包括互补流体管、计量泵及阀,底板包括致动腔室(并且一些实施例中,顶板和底板包括平衡腔室的互补部分)。
一般地,中间板与底板之间设有隔膜,然而,就平衡腔室而言,一部分的隔膜位于中间板和顶板之间。一些实施例包括隔膜附接至(通过外模成型、销接、粘结、压入配合、焊接或任何其他附接处理和方法)所述盒的情况,然而,示范实施例中,隔膜与顶板、中间板及底板分开,直至这些板装配在一起。
盒可由多种材料构成。一般地,多个实施例中,所使用的材料是固体且非挠性的。较佳实施例中,这些板由聚砜构成,而其他实施例中,盒由其他任何固体材料构成,示范实施例中的以热塑或热固性塑料构成。
示范实施例中,通过将隔膜放置在正确位置、依序装配这些板以连接这些板而形成盒。一实施例中,使用激光焊接工艺来连接这些板。然而,其他实施例中,可将这些板粘结、机械固定、捆绑在一起、超声焊接,或使用其他任何模式将这些板附接在一起。
实际上,盒可用于将任何类型的流体从任何源抽吸到任何地方。流体的类型包括营养物、非营养物、无机化学物、有机化学物、体液或任何其他来源的流体。此外,一些实施例中的流体包括气体,由此,一些实施例中,盒用于抽吸气体。
盒用作将流体从所需的位置抽吸并且导向所需的位置。一些实施例中,外部泵将流体抽吸入盒,而盒将流体抽吸出。由此,这种盒的代替实施例包括位于不同地方的阀或者附加阀。此外,上述附图中所示的流体管和路径仅为流体管和路径的例子。其他实施例可具有更多、更少及/或不同的流体管。其他实施例中,盒中可不设有阀。
各实施例中上述荚泵的数量也可不同。例如,尽管上述示范及代替实施例包括两个荚泵,其他实施例中,盒包括一个。另外的实施例中,盒包括两个以上的荚泵。荚泵可为单独的泵或者协调工作以提供更连续的流动。这两种可单独或同时用于盒的多个实施例中。
多个流体入口和流体出口为流体口。实际上,依据阀的设置和控制,流体入口可为流体出口。由此,将流体口分为流体进口或流体出口仅仅是为了描述的目的。多种实施例具有可互换的流体口。流体口用于赋予盒特定的流体路径。不必一直使用全部这些流体口,而是多个流体口可为盒的实际使用提供灵活性。
1.2压力荚泵的示范实施例。
图1A为根据盒的实施例的结合入流体控制器或抽吸盒(还可参加图3和图4)示范性100。本实施例中,荚泵由三个刚性件形成,即“顶”板106、中间板108及“底”板110(应注意表述“顶”和“底”是相对的,并且在此使用是为了更便于参考图1A所示的朝向)。顶板106和底板110包括大致半球体部分,所述半球体部分在装配在一起时界定出半球体腔室,所述半球体腔室即荚泵100。
隔膜112将荚泵的中心腔室分为两个腔室。一实施例中,这些腔室为:容纳待抽吸之流体的抽吸腔室以及容纳控制气体的致动腔室,所述控制气体气动地致动所述泵。进口102允许流体进入抽吸腔室,出口104允许流体流出抽吸腔室。进口102和出口104可形成在中间板108和顶板106之间。经由气动口114提供气动压力,以利用正气压对着荚泵腔室的一个壁而推动隔膜112以使抽吸腔室的容积为最小,或者利用负气压朝着荚泵100的腔室的另一个壁拉动隔膜112以使抽吸腔室的容量为最大。
隔膜112设有增厚边缘116,所述增厚边缘116由中间板108中的凸块紧紧保持。由此,制造过程中,在底板110连接(本示范实施例中)至中间板108之前,隔膜112可放置在槽108中,并且由槽108保持。
尽管图1A和1B未示,荚泵的一些实施例中,在流体一侧,腔室壁上可设有槽。所述槽用于防止隔膜中的折痕在排空时留有流体。
首先参考图1A,其示出了盒中的往复式正位移泵的剖视图。荚泵100包括挠性隔膜112(亦称为“泵隔隔膜”或“隔膜”),其安装在抽吸腔室(亦称为“液体腔室”或“液体抽吸腔室”)的壁122与致动腔室(亦称为“气动腔室”)的壁120接触的地方。隔膜112有效地将内腔分为可变容积抽吸腔室(由抽吸腔室壁122的刚性内表面和隔膜112的表面界定)和互补的可变容积抽吸腔室(由致动腔室壁120的刚性内表面和隔膜112的表面界定)。顶部106包括流体进口102和流体出口104,这两者都与抽吸腔室/液体腔室流体连通。底部110包括与致动腔室流体连通的致动或气动接口114。如下文将详述的,可 通过在气动接口114交替地施加负气压或连通至大气环境以及施加正气压而推动隔膜112在腔内向后或向前移动。在隔膜112前后往复时,抽吸腔室和致动腔室的容积总量保持不变。
在一般的流体抽吸操作过程中,向致动或气动接口114施加负气压或者使其连通至大气环境趋向于使得隔膜112朝着致动腔室壁120回缩,以使得抽吸/液体腔室112膨胀且经由进口102将流体吸入抽吸室,而施加正气压趋向于将隔膜112朝向抽吸腔室壁122推动,以使得抽吸室的缩小并且经由出口104排出抽吸腔室中的流体。这种抽吸操作期间,抽吸腔室壁122盒致动腔室壁120的内表面在隔膜112前后往复移动时限制其移动。图1A所示的实施例中,抽吸腔室壁122和致动腔室壁120的内表面为刚性、光滑且为半球形。作为刚性致动腔室壁120的代替,可使用刚性的限制结构——例如,用于提供气动压力的圈(bezel)的一部分及/或一组凸缘——可用于在抽取腔室达到最大值时限制所述隔膜的移动。申请于2003年10月30日、名称为“气动控制用圈组件”、公开号为US2005/0095154(代理人案卷号1062/D75)的第10/697,450号美国专利申请,以及申请于2004年10月29日、名称为“气动控制用圈组件”、公开号为WO2005/044435(代理人案卷号1062/D71WO)第PCT/US2004/035952号相关PCT申请概括地描述了圈和凸缘,通过整体引用的方式将它们的内容合并在此。由此,当抽吸腔室处于其最大值时,刚性限制结构——诸如刚性的致动腔室壁120、圈、或一组凸缘——界定出隔膜112的形状。较佳实施例中,当抽吸腔室的容积为最小时,隔膜112(对着所述刚性限制结构被推动时)和抽吸腔室壁122的刚性内表面界定出球形抽吸腔室的容积。
由此,图1A所示的实施例中,有抽吸腔室壁122和致动腔室壁120限制隔膜112的移动。只要经由气动口114提供的正压及大气连通或者负压足够强,隔膜112会从由致动腔室壁120限制的位置移动至由抽吸腔室壁122限制的位置。当隔膜112被抵靠着致动腔室壁120隔膜时,所述隔膜与抽吸腔室壁122界定出所述抽吸腔室的最大容积。当隔膜112被抵靠着抽吸腔室壁122隔膜时,所述抽吸腔室为其最小容积。
示范实施例中,抽吸腔室壁122和致动腔室壁120都为半椭圆体形以使抽吸腔室在其最大容积时为椭圆体形。通过使用在最大容积时为椭圆体形-特别是球形-的抽吸腔室,循环流可流经整个抽吸腔室。因此,这种形状趋向于避免在抽吸腔室中产生流体的迟滞区。如下文将详述地,进口102和出口104的朝向也会对流经抽吸腔室的流体的流动造成影响,并且在一些实施例中,可减少形成流体迟滞区的可能性。因此,较之其他容积式泵,球形(一般还包括椭圆体形)在流体循环进入、经过、并且流出抽吸腔室时趋向于产生较少的剪切力和紊流。
现参考图3A-4B,抽吸腔室中示出有凸起的流路30。凸起流路30允许流体在隔膜到达冲程终点之后继续流经荚泵。由此,凸起流路30使得隔膜导致空气或流体被截留在荚泵中或者阻塞荚泵的进口或出口(其会抑制连续流动)的机会为最小。下文将参考图9A-9B以及图18A-18E详述该凸起流路。示范实施例中所示的凸起流路具有特定的尺寸,然而,代替实施例中,如图18A-18E所示,凸起流路30较窄,或者在其他实施例中,凸起流路30可为用以将流体流动控制为达成所需流速或流体行为的任意尺寸。由此,根据所述凸起流路、所述荚泵、所述伐所描述的尺寸仅为示范和代替的实施例。其他实施例也是显而易见的。
由此,例如,当所抽吸的流体为全血时,离心泵(其对红细胞施加大的压力)可导致大量的溶血并且伤害到病人,而上述类型的荚泵(其施加较小的剪切力和紊流)则往往产生低得多的血溶。类似地,当被抽吸的液体为表面活性剂或其他易产生泡沫的流体时,荚泵的较小的剪切力和较低的紊流往往会减少泡沫。
一般而言,对于低剪切力及/或小紊流应用,进口和出口最好形成为避免流向的急速或突然变化。进口和入口(及荚泵本身)最好也没有毛刺或毛口。进口及/或出口可包括经圆角处理的边沿以帮助的流体顺滑地流出。然而,尽管根据全血来描述这一益处,但这仅作为例子,泵盒可抽吸任何流体,并且根据剪切力敏感流体或生物流体描述的益处亦适用于其他流体。
1.3示范的平衡荚泵实施例
现参考图1B,示出了平衡荚泵的示范实施例。平衡荚泵与参考图1A描述的荚泵类似。然而,平衡荚泵包括两个流体平衡腔室而非致动腔室和抽吸腔室,并且不包括致动口。此外,各平衡腔室包括进口102和出口104。示范实施例中,各平衡腔室壁120和122上包括槽126。下文将更加详细地描述槽126。
隔膜112用于两个腔室之间的密封。平衡腔室用于平衡流入及流出腔室的流体以使这两个腔室保持相等的体积流率。尽管各腔室的进口102和出口104示为位于同一侧,在其他实施例中,各腔室的进口102和出口104可位于不同侧。再者,进口102和出口104可根据平衡腔室结合入其中的流路而位于任意一侧。
在平衡腔室的一个实施例中,腔室112包括与下文根据图6A-6G所描述之实施例类似的实施例。然而,代替实施例中,隔膜112可为二次成型(over molded),或者形成为不可使用双环密封件。
1.4计量泵和流体管理系统
测量泵可为任何能够添加或移出任何流体的泵。所述流体包括但不限于药物、无机化合物或组份、有机化合物或组份、营养食品、营养组份或化合物或 溶液、或者任何能够被抽吸的其他流体。一实施例中,计量泵为隔隔膜泵。示范实施例中,计量泵为较小体积的荚泵。示范实施例中,与较大的荚泵(如图1A所示)类似,测量泵包括进口和出口。然而,进口和出口一般比荚泵小得多,并且在一个示范实施例中,包括一个绕进口或出口的类似于喷发阀(volcano valve)的凸起环。计量泵包括隔膜,并且图5E-5H示出了计量阀的多种实施例。一些实施例中,计量泵从流体管中抽吸出一定体积的流体。一旦流体位于荚泵中,位于泵盒外部的参照腔室使用FMS(流体管理系统)判定已移出的体积。
由此,根据本实施例,已移出的流体的体积不会流至流体出口、平衡腔室或荚泵。由此,一些实施例中,计量泵用于从流体管移出一定体积的流体。其他实施例中,计量泵用于移出一定体积的流体以产生其他结果。
可使用FMS来进行某些流体管理系统的测量,例如,对在隔膜的一个冲程期间经由抽吸腔室抽吸的目标流体的体积进行测量,或者对抽吸腔室内的空气进行检测,例如使用第4,808,161号、4,826,482号、4,976,162号、5,088,515号及5,350,357号美国专利中描述的技术,这些文献通过完全引用的方式将它们合并在此。
计量泵亦用于多个实施例以将第二流体抽吸入流体管。一些实施例中,计量泵用于将治疗剂或化合物抽吸入流体管。一实施例使用计量泵以将一定体积的化合物抽吸入混合腔室以形成溶液。某些这种实施例中,计量泵形成为用于FMS体积测量。其他实施例中,不包括计量泵。
对于FMS测量,抽吸泵的外部具有小型的固定参照空气腔室,例如位于在气动歧管(未示)中。阀将参照腔室与第二压力传感器隔离。可通过使用空气对参照腔室进行充气来、测量压力、然后将该阀打开连通至抽吸腔室而精确计算计量泵的冲程体积。可根据参照腔室的固定体积和参照腔室连通至抽吸腔室时的压力改变而计算腔室侧的空气体积。
1.5阀
泵盒的示范实施例包括一或多个阀。阀用于通过打开和关闭流体管来调节流动。泵盒的多种实施例中包括的阀包括下列阀中的一个或多个:喷发阀或滑阀(smoothvalve)。泵盒的一些实施例中,还可包括止回阀。图2A和2B示出了喷发阀的实施例,图2C示出了滑阀的实施例。此外,图3A和3B示出了在带有进口和出口阀的泵盒中的荚泵的实施例的剖视图。
一般而言,上述类型的往复式正位移泵可包括多种阀或者与多种阀一起使用以控制经由泵的流体流动。由此,例如,往复式正位移泵或平衡荚泵可包括进口阀及/或出口阀,或者与它们一起使用。这些阀可为主动阀或被动阀。在往复式正位移泵的示范实施例中,使用经由将致动室连接至压力致动系统的气 动口所提供之气体的正压力和负压力,或者通过该气体的正压力和连通至大气压力来推动隔膜使其后退或前进。由此形成的隔膜的往复动作将流体从进口(出口阀防止液体从出口反抽入抽吸腔室)拉入抽吸室,然后将该流体经由出口(进口阀防止流体从进口被推回)推出抽吸腔室。
示范实施例中,主动阀控制流经泵和泵盒的流体。可通过控制器这样控制主动阀,即将流动导向所需的方向。这一结构一般允许控制器使得流体以两个方向中的一个流动通过荚泵。典型的系统中,该流动通常为第一方向,例如从进口到出口。某些时候,该流动可被导向为相反方向,例如从出口到进口。可例如在泵的起动期间采用这样的反向流动以检查异常的管道情况(例如,管道闭塞、阻塞、断开或泄露),或者消除异常情况(例如试着消除阻塞)。
阀的气动致动提供压力控制并且对可在系统形成的最大压力作出自然限制。在系统的环境下,气动致动具有附加的益处,即可以将所有的电磁阀放置在系统的远离流路的一侧。
参考图2A和2B,示出了喷发阀的两个实施例的剖视图。喷发阀为可在泵盒中使用的气动控制阀。隔膜202和中间板204界定出阀腔室206。经由气动口208提供气动压力以利用正气压将隔膜202抵靠着阀座210隔膜以关闭阀或者利用负气压(某些实施例中采用连通至大气压力)将隔膜202拉离阀座210以打开阀。隔膜202、顶板214和中间板204界定出控制气体腔室212。中间板204具有形成于其上的缺口,隔膜202放置于所述缺口中以形成位于隔膜202一侧的控制气体腔室212以及位于另一侧的阀腔室206。
形成在顶板214中的通道界定出气动口208。通过提供泵盒中的若干阀的气动控制,这些阀可连结在一起以使所有连结在一起的阀通过单个气动压力源在同一时间打开或关闭。与沿底板206的流路相应而形成在中间板204上的通道界定出阀进口218和阀出口220。穿通中间板204形成的孔形成进口218与阀腔室206之间的连通以及阀腔室206与出口220之间的连通。
隔膜202设有与中间板214中的槽224紧密配合的加厚边222。有次,隔膜202可在顶板214连接至中间板204之前放置于槽224中或由槽224保持。由此,这一阀设计使得制造更加方便。如图2B和2C所示,顶板214包括延伸进入控制气体腔室212的附加材料以防止隔膜沿离开槽224的反向被推得过远,以防止隔膜的加厚边222从槽224中弹出。如图2A和2B所示的两个实施例中,气动口208相对于控制气体腔室212的位置有所不同。
图2C示出了不带阀座的阀腔室的实施例。图2C中,这一实施例中的阀不包括喷发阀,由此阀腔室206,即流体侧,不包括任何凸起结构,因此是光滑的。这一实施例在用于抽吸剪切力敏感之流体的泵盒中使用。图2D示出了阀腔室具有凸起区域以有助于对阀隔膜进行密封的实施例。现参考图2E-2G,示 出了阀隔膜的多种实施例。尽管已示出且描述了一些示范性实施例,然而其他实施例中,也可使用阀和阀隔膜的变化形式。
1.6荚隔膜的示范实施例。
一些实施例中,隔膜具有可变的剖面厚度,如图4所示。可使用较薄、较厚或可变厚度的隔膜来适应所选隔膜材料的强度、挠性或其他特性。亦可使用较薄、较厚或可变的隔膜壁厚度来形成隔膜,以使该隔膜在某些区域比其他区域更容易挠曲,藉此有助于管理抽吸动作和抽吸腔室中的目标流体的流动。本实施例中,所示的隔膜的截面区域为中心处最厚。然而其他实施例中,可具有可变截面的隔膜,最厚和最薄的区域可在隔膜上的任何位置。由此,例如,较薄的截面位于中心附近而较厚的截面位于靠近隔膜的周边处。还可有其他形式。参考图5A-5D,隔膜的一个实施例为具有多种表面形式,它们包括位于隔膜的致动/及或抽吸侧上各个位置的具有可变厚度及/或几何特征的光滑表面(图5A)、环表面(图5D)、凸缘表面(图5C)、凹陷状或点状表面(图5B)。隔膜的一个实施例中,隔膜的至少一个截面具有切向坡,但其他实施例中,隔膜为完全平滑或基本平滑。
现参考图4C、4E和4F,示出了隔膜的代替实施例。本实施例中,隔膜具有凹陷状或点状表面。
隔膜可由任何具有所需耐用性以及与目标流体的相容性的挠性材料制成。隔膜可由任何响应施加至致动腔室的流体、液体或者气压或真空而挠曲的材料制成。隔膜材料亦可根据特定的生物相容性、温度相容性或与由隔膜所抽吸或者导入隔膜以促使隔膜移动的多种目标流体的相容性作出选择。示范实施例中,隔膜由高伸长率硅制成。然而,其他实施例中,隔膜由任何弹性体或橡胶制成,包括但不限于硅酮、聚氨脂、腈、EPDM,或者任何其他橡胶、弹性体或挠性材料。
隔膜的形状取决于多个变量。这些变量包括但不限于:腔室的形状;腔室的尺寸;目标流体的特性;每一冲程所抽吸的目标流体的体积;及隔膜与壳体的附接装置或模式。隔膜的尺寸取决于多个变量。这些变量包括但不限于:腔室的形状;腔室的尺寸;目标流体的特性;每一冲程所抽吸的目标流体的体积;及隔膜与壳体的附接装置或模式。由此,取决于这些或其他变量,多个实施例中的隔膜可具有不同的形状和尺寸。
隔膜可为任何厚度。然而,一些实施例中,厚度范围为0.002英寸~0.125英寸。取决于隔膜所用的材料,所需厚度可以不同。一实施例中,使用厚度范围为0.015英寸~0.050英寸之间的高伸长率硅。然而,其他实施例中,可为不同厚度。
本示范实施例中,隔膜预先形成为在隔膜的至少部分区域包括大致拱顶形 状。图4E和4F示出了拱顶形状隔膜的一个实施例。再者,拱顶的尺寸可根据上述变量中的一些或更多而有所改变。然而,其他实施例中,隔膜可不包括预先形成的拱顶形状。
本示范实施例中,使用液体注射成型来形成该隔膜拱顶。然而,其他实施例中,可使用压力成型。代替实施例中,隔膜基本是平的。其他实施例中,拱顶的尺寸、宽度或高度可不同。
多种实施例中,可通过多种装置和方法将隔膜保持在适当位置。一实施例中,隔膜被夹紧在泵盒的部分之间,并且这些实施例的一些中,泵盒的边缘包括抓住隔膜的结构。其他实施例中,使用至少一个螺栓或其他装置将隔膜夹至泵盒。另一实施例中,使用一片塑料进行二次成型而形成隔膜,然后将该塑料焊接或用其他方式附接至泵盒。另一实施例中,隔膜被挤压在参考图1A和1B所描述的中间板与底板之间。尽管描述了一些用于附接隔膜的实施例,但可使用任何将隔膜附接至泵盒的方法或装置。代替实施例中,隔膜直接附接至泵盒的一部分。一些实施例中,隔膜的被板挤压的边缘处较厚,而隔膜的其他区域较薄。一些实施例中,这一较厚的区域为垫圈,一些实施例中,所述垫圈为O型环状、环状或其他形状的垫圈。再参考图6A-6D,隔膜的一个实施例示为带有两个垫圈62和64。这些实施例的一些中,垫圈62和64提供隔膜附接至泵盒的附接点。其他实施例中,隔膜包括两个以上的垫圈。一些实施例中,亦包括带有一个垫圈的隔膜(见图4C-4F)。
垫圈的一些实施例中,垫圈与隔膜连续。然而,其他实施例中,垫圈为隔膜的独立部件。一些实施例中,垫圈由与隔膜相同的材料制成。然而,其他实施例中,垫圈由与隔膜不相同的材料制成。一些实施例中,通过在隔膜的周围二次成型一个环而形成垫圈。垫圈可为任何所需形状的环或者密封件以与荚泵壳体实施例互补。一些实施例中,垫圈为压缩型垫圈。
1.7混合荚泵
泵盒的一些实施例包括混合荚泵。混合荚泵包括用于混合的腔室。一些实施例中,混合荚泵为挠性结构,并且在一些实施例中,混合荚泵的至少一部分为挠性结构。混合荚泵可包括O型环或隔膜之类的密封件。混合荚泵可为任何所需的形状。本示范实施例中,混合荚泵类似于荚泵,其不同之处在于不包括隔膜并且不包括致动口。混合荚泵的这一实施例的一些实施方式包括O型密封环以密封混合荚泵腔室。由此,本示范实施例中,混合荚泵为带有流体进口和流体出口的球形中空荚。和荚泵一样,腔室尺寸可为任何所需的尺寸。
2.压力泵致动系统
图7为示出压力致动系统的实施例的示意图,所述系统可使用正压力或负压力来对图1A所示荚泵之类的荚泵进行致动。所述压力致动系统能够间歇或 者交替地向荚泵的致动腔室中的气体提供正压或负压。然而,一些实施例中,图7并不应用于这些实施例,通过施加正压力或连通至大气环境(图7中仍然未示)而达成荚泵的致动。荚泵为更大的一次性系统的一部分,所述荚泵包括挠性隔膜、进口、出口、气动口、抽吸腔室、致动腔室、并且可能包括进口止回阀和出口止回阀或其他的阀。气动致动系统为基本单元的一部分,气动致动系统包括致动腔室压力变送器、正供阀、负供阀、正压气体贮存器、负压气体贮存器、正压贮存器压力变送器、负压贮存器压力变送器、以及在某些实施例中包括用户介面控制台(例如触摸屏)的电子控制器。
正压贮存器向致动腔室提供控制气体的正向加压以将隔膜朝向抽吸腔室为其最小体积的位置(即,隔膜靠着刚性的抽吸腔室壁的位置)推动。负压贮存器向致动腔室提供控制气体的负压以在相反方向上,朝着抽吸腔室为其最大体积之位置(即,隔膜对着刚性的致动腔室壁的位置)推动隔膜。
使用阀机构来控制各贮存器与致动腔室之间的流体连通。如图7所示,各贮存器使用独立的阀,正供阀控制正压贮存器与致动腔室之间的流体连通,而负供阀控制负压贮存器与致动腔室之间的流体连通。这两个阀由控制器控制。或者,使用单个三通阀来代替两个独立的阀。所述阀可为二位开关阀或者可变节流阀。
控制器还从致动腔室压力变送器、正压贮存器压力变送器、负压贮存器压力变送器这三个压力变送器接收压力信息。由它们的名字可知,这些变送器分别测量致动腔室、正压贮存器及负压贮存器中的压力。致动腔室压力变送器位于基本单元中,但其经由荚泵气动口与致动腔室流体连通。控制器监视这两个压力贮存器中的压力以保证它们进行正确的加压(正压或负压)。一示范实施例中,正压贮存器保持为约750mmHG,而负压贮存器保持为约-450mmHG。
仍然参考图7,可使用压缩式泵或泵(未示)来保持这些压力贮存器中所需的压力。例如,可使用两个独立的压缩机来服务所述压力贮存器。可使用简单的开关控制(bang-bang control)技术来管理压力贮存器中的压力,所谓的开关控制即,若正压力箱中的压力小于预定阈值,则启动服务该压力贮存器的压缩机,若负压力箱中的压力大于预定阈值,则启动服务该压力贮存器的压缩机。这两个压力贮存器的滞后量可为相同或不同。可通过减小滞环的尺寸来达成压力贮存器中压力的较紧控制,尽管这一般会导致压缩机的循环频率较高。若需要甚紧的压力贮存器控制或者具体应用的其他需要,可使用PID控制技术以及可使用压缩机的PWM信号来代替该开关控制技术。
由正压贮存器提供的压力最好为在正常状态下的足够强,以始终对着刚性的抽吸腔室的壁推动隔膜。类似地,由负压贮存器提供的压力(即真空)最好为在正常状态下的足够强,以始终对着刚性的致动腔室的壁推动隔膜。然而, 另一较佳实施例中,由压力贮存器提供的正压力和负压力也在安全范围之内,即使正供阀或负供阀始终打开,施加于隔膜的正压力或负压力不会过强而损坏荚泵或者产生不安全的流体压力(例如,可能伤害接收抽吸血液或其他流体的病人)。
应理解,可使用其他类型的致动系统以使得隔膜前后移动,来代替图7所示的两贮存器气动致动系统,尽管一般以两贮存器气动致动系统为较佳。例如,代替的气动致动系统可包括单个正压贮存器或单个负压贮存器以及单个供给阀和单个贮存器压力传感器,特别是在与弹性隔膜一起使用的情况下。这一气动致动系统可间歇地向荚泵的致动腔室提供正气压或负气压。在具有单个正压箱的实施例中,这样操作泵,即可通过间歇地向致动腔室提供正气压使得隔膜朝向抽吸腔室壁移动且排出抽吸腔室中的内容物,以及释放气体压力使得隔膜返回到放松位置且将流体吸入抽吸腔室中。在具有单个负压箱的实施例中,这样操作泵,即可通过间歇地向致动腔室提供负气压使得隔膜朝向抽吸腔室壁移动且将流体吸入抽吸腔室中,以及释放气体压力使得隔膜返回到放松位置且排出抽吸腔室中的流体。
3.流体处理
如图2A-2D所示,示范实施例中的流体阀小腔室构成,所述小腔室带有越过将该腔室分成流体半室和气动半室的中心的挠性隔膜或隔膜。示范实施例中的流体阀具有三个进口/出口,两个在腔室的流体半室上,一个在腔室的气动半室上。腔室的气动半室上的口可向腔室供给正压或真空(一些实施例中为连通至大气环境,而不是真空)。当向腔室的气动部分提供真空时,隔膜被朝向腔室的气动侧拉动,从而留出流路且允许流体从腔室的流体侧流入或流出。当向腔室的气动部分提供正压力时,隔膜被朝向腔室的气动侧推动,从而阻塞流路且防止流体流动。在一个流体口上的喷发阀实施例中(如图2A-2B所示),当关闭阀时,所述口首先密封,然后阀内残留的流体经由该不带喷发结构的口排出。此外,阀的一个实施例中,如图2D所示,两个口之间的凸起部分允许隔膜在致动冲程的较早时候(即,隔膜直接密封这两个口之前)使得这两个口互相密封。
再参考图7,使用压力阀来操作位于流路上不同位置的各个泵。这一构架通过使用两个可变口阀以及在需要压力控制的各抽吸腔室处的压力传感器来提供压力控制。一实施例中,一个阀连接至高压源,并且其他阀连接至低压槽。高速控制回路监视压力传感器并且控制阀位置以保持抽吸腔室中必须的压力。
使用压力传感器以监视腔室本身的气动部分的压力。通过在腔室的气动侧交替正压力和真空,隔膜在整个腔室体积内前后循环。每循环一次,当气动向荚施加真空时,流体经由流体进口的上游阀拉入。当气动向荚施加正压力时, 流体随之经由出口和下游阀排出。
许多实施例中,压力泵有一对腔室构成。当两个腔室互相隔开180度相位时,流动基本是连续的。
4.体积测量
使用可检测冲程结束的压力荚泵来控制泵盒中的流速。外控制回路判定正确的压力值以传递所需的流动。压力泵可运行冲程结束算法以检测各冲程何时结束。当隔膜移动时,腔室中所测量的压力遵循所需的正弦曲线压力。当隔膜接触到腔室壁时,压力变为恒定,不再遵循正弦曲线。这一压力信号的改变用来检测冲程何时结束,即,冲程结束。
压力泵具有已知的容积。由此,冲程结束表示腔室内具有已知体积的流体。由此,使用该冲程结束,可使用等同于体积的速率来控制流体流动。
如前文所详述的,可使用FMS来判定由计量泵所抽吸的流体的体积。一些实施例中,计量泵可不使用FMS体积测量系统而抽吸流体,然而,示范实施例中,使用FMS体积测量来计算被抽吸流体的精确体积。
5.泵盒的示范实施例:
进口、出口以及流路等表述仅用于描述之目的。其他实施例中,进口可为出口。名称仅用于指代独立的进入泵盒的进入区域。
流体进口(其亦可为流体出口)的指定,例如,第一流体出口,第二流体出口,仅表示流体可从该进口/出口进入或排出泵盒。某些情况下,示意图上可有一个以上的进口/出口的名称相同。这仅表示所有多个名称相同的进口/出口由相同的抽吸泵或相同组的荚泵(代替实施例中,可为单个泵)抽吸。
现参考图8,示出了泵盒800的流体示意图的示范实施例。其他示意图很容易认识到。泵盒800包括至少一个荚泵820、828以及至少一个计量泵830。泵盒800还包括一个流体进口810,流体从源经由流体进口810进入泵盒。流体包括由至少一个荚泵820、828提供的流速。泵盒800还包括一个流体出口824,具有由至少一个荚泵820、828所提供流速的流体经由荚泵从泵盒800排出。
示范实施例包括两个荚泵820、828,然而在代替实施例中,泵盒包括一或多个荚泵。示范实施例中,包括两个荚泵以提供稳定的流动。计量泵830从第二流体源中抽吸一定体积的第二流体,并且在所述流体排出流体出口824之前将所述流体抽吸入流体管。
图8所示的泵盒800的流体示意图可实现为多种泵盒装置。由此,包括由图8中的示意图表示的流体流路的泵盒800的多种实施例不仅仅为结合这一示意图的泵盒实施例或者包括这一流体示意图的代替实施例。此外,这一流体示意图的多种泵盒实施例中的阀的类型、阀的致动顺序、以及泵的数量可为不同。
仍然参考图8,流体经由流体进口810进入泵盒800,并且被抽吸至第一泵流路812或第二泵流路818。一实施例中,泵进口阀814、808交替地打开和关闭,并且在任何给定的时间打开的阀814、808以允许流体进入各自的流路812、818且进入各自的荚泵828、820。然后各泵进口阀814、808关闭,并且相应的泵出口阀816、822打开。流体被抽吸出荚泵并且通过流体出口824。然而,其他实施例中,两个阀808、814同时打开和关闭。一些实施例中,泵盒中没有阀。
计量泵830从连接至泵盒800的源抽吸一定体积的第二流体。计量泵830由荚泵820、828分开致动,由此计量泵830可以与荚泵820、828不同的速率抽吸。计量泵830从第二流体源中抽吸一定体积的第二流体,并且在所述流体排出流体出口824之前在点826处将所述流体抽吸入的流体管。所述源经由在点826处与主流路交叉的流体管连接至计量泵。阀832、836用以从第二源抽吸流体并且在点826处抽吸入流体管。
一些实施例中,不使用计量泵830,或者其抽吸形式与荚泵820、828有很大的不同。示范实施例中,计量泵包括流体管理系统(FMS)体积测量能力。参照腔室位于泵盒的外部。示范实施例中,第二流体源为直接连接至泵盒中的尖刺部的液体瓶。该尖刺部直接连接至流体管。其他实施例中,尖刺部连接至与第二流体源连接的管子。该液体瓶可包含任意液体,但其他实施例中,可包含肝素之类的治疗液体。然而,其他实施例中,第二流体为化疗剂、营养补充剂、抗生素或任何其他的营养或非营养的治疗液体。
该流体被抽吸入流体进口810并且被抽吸至流体出口824。一些实施例中,该流体从源被抽吸至作为连续流动回路的一部分的治疗区域,然后流回源。一实施例中,使用泵盒经由连接至透析器的流体出口824从病人处抽血。所述血液然后流经该透析器,并且经由管子流回病人。
图8所示的流体流路示意图的实施例可实现为结构。示范实施例中,该结构为带有致动隔膜的三板泵盒。下文描述了泵盒的代替实施例。
现参考图9A和9B,示出了泵盒的示范实施例的顶板900的外侧。顶板900包括荚泵820、828的一半。这一半为源流体会流经的液体半部。示出了两条流路818、812。这三条流路导向至其各自的荚泵820、828。
荚泵820、828包括凸起的流路908、910。凸起流路908、910允许流体在隔膜(未示)到达冲程结束时继续流经荚泵820、828。由此,凸起流路908、910使得隔膜导致留在荚泵820、828中的空气或流体为最少,或者使得隔膜阻塞荚泵820、828的进口或出口的程度为最小,这种情况都会抑制流体的连续流动。示范实施例中的凸起流路908、910示为具体的尺寸,并且在示范实施例中,该尺寸相当于流体流路818、812。然而,代替实施例中,如图18A-18E 所示,凸起流路908、910更窄,或者其他实施例中凸起流路908、910可为任何尺寸,只要能够达到将流体流动控制为具有所需的流速或流体行为。一些实施例中,凸起流路908、910和流体流路818、812具有不同的尺寸。由此,在此所描述的凸起流路、荚泵、阀的尺寸以及其他方面仅为示意性的以及为代替实施例。其他实施例是容易想到的。
泵盒的示范实施例中,顶板包括尖刺部902以及容器杆904。尖刺部902为中空的并且与流路流体连接。一些实施例中,该尖刺部中附接有针。其他实施例中,针连接至容器附接件(见图12C,1206)。
现参考图9C和9D,示出了顶板900的内部。凸起流路908、910连接至进口流路912、916以及荚泵820、928的出口流路914、918。上文已详述了凸起流路。
计量泵(未示,示于图10C和10D)连接至气孔906并且连接至尖刺部的中空路径902。示范实施例中,气孔906包括空气过滤器(未示)。示范实施例中,该空气过滤器为颗粒空气过滤器。示范实施例中,该过滤器为亚微颗粒疏水空气过滤器。多种实施例中,过滤器的尺寸可为不同,某些示例中,尺寸取决于所需的输出量。计量泵这样工作,即通过气孔906获取空气,经由尖刺部的中空路径902将空气抽吸入第二流体的容器(未示),后经由尖刺部的中空路径902将一定体积的第二流体抽吸出该容器(未示)并且在点826处进入流体管。图9C的箭头示出了用于计量泵的流体流路。
现参考图10A和10B,示出了中间板1000的液体侧。示出了与内部顶板上的流路互补的区域。这些区域为稍微凸起的轨迹,其呈现出有助于激光焊接的表面光洁,激光焊接作为本实施例中采用的制造模式。本视图同时亦示出了流体进口810和流体出口824。
接着参考图10C和10D,示出了根据示范实施例的中间板1000的空气侧。阀孔808、814、816、822的空气侧与中间板的流体侧中的孔(图10A所示)相对应。如图12C和12D所示,隔膜1220使得阀808、814、816、822变得完整,而隔膜1226使得荚泵820、828变得完整。图2E示出了阀隔膜的一个实施例。图2F-2G示出了阀隔膜的附加实施例。隔膜1224使得计量泵830变得完整。图5F示出了计量泵隔膜的一个实施例。图5E-5H示出了计量泵隔膜的其他实施例。阀808、814、816、822、832、834、836为气动致动,并且随着隔膜被从孔拉开,液体被吸入,随着隔膜被推向孔,流体被吸出。通过阀808、814、816、822、832、834、836的打开和关闭对流体的流动进行导向。
参考图10A和10C,计量泵包括三个孔1002、1004和1006。其中一个孔1002将空气拉入计量泵,第二个孔1004经空气推入尖刺部/源容器,并且还从该源容器拉出液体,并且第三个孔1006将第二流体从计量泵830在点826处 推入流体管。
阀832、834和836致动第二流体计量泵。阀832为第二流体/针部阀,阀834为空气阀,阀836为控制流体流入流体管以到达区域826的阀。
接着参考图11A和11B,示出了底板1100的内部。同时示出了荚泵820、828,计量泵830,和阀808、814、816、822、832、834、836致动/空气腔室的内部。通过气动空气源对荚泵820、828,计量泵830,和阀808、814、816、822、832、834、836进行致动。现参考图11C和11D,示出了底板1100的外部。空气源附接至泵盒的这一侧。一实施例中,管子连接至阀和泵1102上的部件。一些实施例中,这些阀连结在一起,并且通过相同的空气管对一个以上的阀进行致动。
现参考图12A和12B,示出了已装配的泵盒1200,其带有第二流体的容器/源1202。容器1202包含第二流体的源,并且通过容器附接件附接至尖刺部(未示)。空气过滤器1204示为附接至气孔(未示,示为图9A中的906)。尽管图12A中未示,容器杆(示为图9A中的904)位于容器附接件1206下。图12C和12D示出了图12A和图12B所示的已装配的泵盒1200的分解图。图示中,所示的是荚泵隔膜1226的示范实施例。示范实施例包括图4E和4F所示的隔膜。隔膜的垫圈提供液体腔室(顶板900中)与空气/致动腔室(底板1100中)之间的密封。除其他部件之外,隔膜1226的圆顶上的凹纹结构为空气和液体提供额外的空间供其在冲程结束时逃逸出腔室。泵盒的其他实施例中,可使用如图5A、5C和5D所示的隔膜。泵盒的代替实施例中,可使用如图6A-6G所示的隔膜。如上文所详述的,这些隔膜包括两个垫圈62、64。在荚泵的两侧都包括液体的实施例或者需要对两个腔室进行密封的应用中,以双垫圈62、64这一特征为较佳。这些实施例中,可在内底板100增加与垫圈互补的边缘以使得垫圈62密封底板1100中的荚泵腔室。
现参考图13A,示出了泵盒中的荚泵820、828的剖视图。这一图示中可看见隔膜1226的附接件的细节。此外,示范实施例中,隔膜1226的垫圈由中间板1000和底板1100夹紧。中间板1000上的边缘作为垫圈密封位于顶板900中的荚泵820、828的腔室的部件。
接着参考图13B,这一剖视图示出了已装配的泵盒中的阀834、836。隔膜1220示为已装配并且保持在适当位置,示范示例中,夹在中间板1000和底板1100之间。
接着参考图13C,这一剖视图示出了了已装配的泵盒中的阀816、822。隔膜1220示为已装配并且保持在适当位置,示范示例中,夹在中间板1000和底板1100之间。
现参考图14A-14B,示出了计量泵1400的已装配的代替实施例。本实施例 中,计量泵1400连接至泵盒(未示),由此其未与泵盒成为一体。参考图14A,计量泵1400包括顶板1406和与泵盒1402的流体连接件。示出了计量泵1400中的容器1404。容器1404包括液体的第二流体并且经由与泵盒的流体连接件与泵盒的流路流体连接。
接着参考图14B,计量泵1400还包括底板1408,底板1408包括致动口1416。接着参考图14C和14D,示出了计量泵的分解图。隔膜1410使得中间板1412中的阀变得完整。图14E示出了泵盒1414上的已装配的计量泵。图14F示出了泵盒1414上部分装配的计量泵,其中中间板1408并未被顶板1406覆盖。
现参考图15A-15D,计量泵的代替实施例的顶板包括许多与参考图9C-9D中的计量泵描述的泵盒的示范实施例的顶板上的部件。相同实施例中的空气进口1416包括空气过滤器,其与上文描述的实施例类似。现参考图15C,用箭头示出了气流流路。空气经由空气进口进入,然后朝向容器(未示)推动。现参考图15D,用箭头示出了第二流体流路。从容器(未示)抽吸第二流体,并且在点836抽吸至泵盒。由此,图14A-17D所示的计量泵的代替实施例为图8所示的流体流路示意图的另一结构上的实现,不同之处仅在于计量泵组件不与泵盒形成一体,而是附接至泵盒。
现参考图16A-16B,示出了表示流体的流路的孔。现参考图16C和16D,示出了中间板的空气侧。示出了阀832、834、836和计量泵830的空气侧。阀832、834、836和计量泵830中的孔与图8所示的示意图中以及图10A-10C所示的泵盒中的计量泵周围的阀相对应。由此,尽管计量泵和相应的阀以及流体管在本实施例的泵盒的外部,但阀和流体管是类似的。由此,针对计量泵部件的示范实施例的许多描述可应用于本计量泵的代替实施例。
现参考图17A和17B,示出了底板1408内侧。还示出了阀832、834、836和计量泵830的相应致动侧。现参考图17C和17D,示出了带有致动口1702的底板1408外侧,致动口17002为空气提供通路以致动计量泵和阀。
如前所述,示范实施例为结合图8所示的流体流路示意图的泵盒实施例。然而,泵盒的代替实施例可结合许多示范实施例的相同部件,但结构上有稍许不同。图18A-22B示出了这些代替实施例中的一种。
图18A-22B所示的代替实施例中,对图9A-12D所使用的元件给予相应的标号。图22A和图22B的剖视图分别与图13A和13C相对应。这两个实施例仅稍有不同,图18A-18E最佳地示出了与图9A-9E的示范实施例的相比的变化。具体地,图18A-18E的代替实施例中的荚泵820、828上的凸起流路908、910的尺寸小于图9A-9E所示的示范实施例的尺寸。此外,图9A-9E的示范实施例的流路有更多的成直角的边,而18A-18E所示的代替实施例中,流路的圆角更多。成直角的边越多的实施例更容易制造,其原因是这一实施例中的激光焊接 效率更高且更有效。
现参考图23A和27B,示出了泵盒的另一实施例。然而,本实施例中,泵盒未结合有计量泵,也不与计量泵形成为一体。由此,泵盒需要计量泵的泵盒的本实施例中,一个独立的计量泵连接至泵盒。根据图14A-17D描述独立计量泵的一个实施例。有许多部件,即荚泵和流体管,与图9A-12D所示的示范实施例类似。由此,对与图9A-12D相应的附图给予相应的标号。图27A和27B所示的代替实施例的剖视图分别与图13A和13C所示的剖视图相对应。
现参考图24C和24D,示出了阀808、814、816、822的代替视图。比较图24C-24D中的阀808、814、816、822和图10C-10D所示的实施例的阀808、814、816、822,很明显图24C-24D所示的阀808、814、816、822包括凸起部件2410,而图10C-10D中的阀808、814、816、822不包括。图10C-10D所示的阀808、814、816、822包括光滑结构,但不包括凸起或粗糙的部件。再参考图24C和24D,阀808、814、816、822的凸起部件2410提供不同的密封机构以密封从一条流路流向下一流路的流体(各流路由阀808、814、816、822中的孔表示)。
现参考图23A-23B,示出了顶板900的代替实施例,再者,比较本代替实施例和图9A-9B示出的示范实施例,在图9A-9B中,顶板900为一个实心部件。然而,再参考图23A-23B,顶板900为四个独立的部件900a、900b、900c、900d。制造中,四块板独立地激光焊接或者超声焊接到中间板的流体侧(图24A-24B所示)。上文已描述了其他制造模式。
接着参考图25A-25B,示出了底板1100的代替实施例。再者,比较本代替实施例和图11A-11B所示的示范实施例,图11A-11B中,底板为1100为一个实心部件。然而,再参考图25A-25B,底板1100为两个独立的部件1100a、1100b。制造中,两块板独立地激光焊接或者超声焊接到中间板的空气侧(图24C-24D所示)。现参考图27A,示出了底板900a、900b以及底板1100a、1100b的多件构造。图27B还示出了底板1100a、1100b的独立构造。
5.1泵盒的示范实施例
实际使用中,泵盒可用于将任何类型的流体从任何源抽吸至任何位置。流体的类型包括营养剂、非营养剂、无机化学物、有机化学物、体液或其他任何类型的流体。此外,一些实施例中的流体包括气体,由此,一些实施例中,泵盒用于抽吸气体。
泵盒用作将流体从所需的位置抽吸并且导向所需的位置。一些实施例中,外部泵将流图抽吸入泵盒中,并且泵盒将流体抽吸出。然而,一些实施例中,荚泵用作将流体拉入泵盒中,并将流体抽吸出泵盒。
如前所述,根据阀位置,可对流路进行控制。由此,所述泵盒的代替实施例可有不同位置的阀和附加的阀。此外,上文图中所示的流体管和流路仅为流 体管和流路的例子。其他实施例可具有更多、更少及/或不同的流路。其他实施例中,泵盒不包括阀。
上文所述的荚泵数量可根据实施例的不同而不同。例如,尽管上文所示的示范和代替实施例包括两个荚泵,其他实施例中,泵盒包括一个荚泵。其他实施例中,泵盒包括两个以上的荚泵。荚泵可单独抽吸或者前后协同工作以提供更连续的流动。泵盒的多种实施例中可单独或同时使用这两种。
进口和出口这一表述可互换。流体可流“入”出口,并且可流“出”进口。可增加附加的进口/出口(“口”)。可设置附加的口以在泵盒上设置特定的流路。这些附加口并不始终使用,而是这多个孔使得泵盒在实际使用中具有灵活性。
泵盒可用于各种应用。然而,一个示范实施例中,泵盒用于从病人处抽血,并将血抽血到泵盒外部的透析器,然后提供足够的抽吸力使血液经由抽血盒外部的管道回到病人体内。
示范实施例包括两个荚泵、血液进口、血液出口和肝素计量泵。阀为根据图2D所描述的滑阀。示范实施例中,荚泵隔膜为图4E-4F所示的凹陷状隔膜。
血液泵盒支持双针或单针操作。当使用两根针来操作时,隔膜轮流注入和传送,这样血液在两根管子中有效连续流动。当使用单根针来操作时,泵经由首先经由动脉管路注入两个腔室,然后传送至静脉管路。
现参考图12C和12D,示范实施例中,流体或血液进口管在底部810上,而流体或血液出口在顶部824。由此,实际使用中,血液泵盒可定向为正常的治疗流通过抽吸腔室向上,从顶部离开。本实施例中,基本上所有或所有的进入血液泵盒的空气被朝向透析器推动。然而,其他实施例中,血液进口位于顶部。
示范实施例中,计量泵为肝素泵,并且为单腔室的FMS计量泵,其从容器中汲取定量的肝素并且将其传送入血液回路/流体管。这一特征容许血液泵盒能够控制肝素配方。
一些实施例中,可包括流体管内的气阱及/或至少一个传感器元件。传感器元件可为任何能够判定任何流体或非流体传感数据的传感器元件。一实施例中,单个流体管中包括三个传感器元件。一些实施例中,单个流体管可包括三个以上的传感器元件。在三个传感器的实施例中,其中两个传感器元件为传导率传感器,一个为温度传感器。传导率传感器元件和温度传感器元件可为业界已知的任何传导率传感器或温度传感器。一实施例中,传导率传感器元件为石墨柱。其他实施例中,传导率传感器元件为由不锈钢、钛、铂或任何其他经抗腐蚀涂布且仍然导电的金属制成的柱子。传导率传感器元件包括将刺入信息传递至控制器或其他装置的电导线。一实施例中,温度传感器为植入不锈钢探针 中的热敏电阻。然而,其他实施例中,可使用传导率传感器元件和温度传感器元件的组合,其类似于申请于2007年10月12日、名称为“传感器装置系统、器件及方法”的共同未决美国专利申请(DEKA-024XX)中所描述的。代替实施例中,泵盒不包括传感器或者仅包括温度传感器、或者有一或多个导电率传感器或一或多个其他类型的传感器。
尽管已描述了血液泵盒的实施例,其他的实施例也是容易理解的。可使用计量泵来给予或去除一定体积的流体。使用FMS,测得该体积,由此可加入或去除基本精确(或近似基本精确)体积的流体。这一泵盒的其他实施例包括使用不同的隔膜或二次成型的隔膜或者上述的其他隔膜。根据图4C-6G业已描述了隔膜的多种实施例中的一些。
实际应用中,泵盒可用于从任何源将任何类型的源抽吸至任何位置。流体的类型包括营养剂、非营养剂、无机化学物、有机化学物、体液或任何其他类型的流体。此外,一些实施例中的流体包括气体,由此,一些实施例中泵盒用于抽吸气体。
泵盒用作将流体从所需的位置抽吸并且指向所需的位置。一些实施例中,外部泵将流图抽吸入泵盒中,并且泵盒将流体抽吸出。然而,一些实施例中,荚泵用作将流体拉入泵盒中,并将流体抽吸出泵盒。
尽管业已描述了本发明的主旨,本技术领域的技术人员应理解此处的说明仅通过示例的方式作出,绝非发明范围的限制。除在此所描述之示范实施例之外,本发明的范围还包括其他实施例。本技术领域的普通技术人员作出的修改及替换应认为在本发明的范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种流体泵盒,包括计量泵(830,1400),所述计量泵包括与致动腔室被挠性隔膜(1224)隔开的流体泵腔;所述致动腔室具有致动口(1102,1416),所述致动口用于连接到气动空气源,以向所述挠性隔膜提供正的或负的气动压力;所述流体泵腔包括用于对流体运动进行导向的第一孔(1002)、第二孔(1004)、以及第三孔(1006);
介于所述第一孔和所述盒中第一流体路径之间的第一流体阀(832);
介于所述第二孔和所述盒中第二流体路径之间的第二流体阀(834);以及
介于所述第三孔和所述盒中第三流体路径(826)之间的第三流体阀(836),其中
所述计量泵配置成,在第一模式中通过所述第一、第二和第三流体阀的操作将第一流体从所述第一流体路径泵送至所述第二流体路径;并且
所述计量泵配置成,在第二模式中通过所述第一、第二和第三流体阀的操作将第二流体从所述第二流体路径泵送至所述第三流体路径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的流体泵盒,其中所述第一流体为空气。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的流体泵盒,其中所述第三流体路径与所述盒中第四流体路径(812、818)流体连通,所述第四流体路径配置成,将第三流体从入口(810)经过往复式正位移泵(820、828)传送到所述盒的出口(824)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的流体泵盒,其中所述盒包括顶板、中间板、及底板,所述顶板配置成传送所述第一、第二和第三流体;并且所述底板配置成包括所述致动口;其中所述第一流体路径连接到所述顶板上的气孔(906),并且所述第二流体路径连接到所述顶板上的尖刺部的中空路径(902)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的流体泵盒,其中所述入口和出口是在所述盒的所述中间板上。
6.根据权利要求4所述的流体泵盒,其中所述流体阀包括气动致动的隔膜阀,各所述阀具有与阀致动口(208)被挠性阀隔膜(202)隔开的阀腔室(206),并且其中所述阀配置成,通过经由所述阀致动口施加正的或负的气动压力而允许流体流或防止流体流经过所述阀腔室。
7.根据权利要求6所述的流体泵盒,其中所述底板包括各所述阀的所述阀致动口。
8.根据权利要求7所述的流体泵盒,其中所述阀的所述阀致动口和所述计量泵的所述致动口配置成连接到控制器所控制的气动压力源,所述控制器能够间歇地或交替地提供正的或负的压力给所述计量泵和阀。
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US20110299358A1 (en) 2011-12-08
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EP2131887B1 (en) 2015-04-08
CN101678159B (zh) 2014-06-04
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