CN101018579A - 注射装置 - Google Patents

注射装置 Download PDF

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CN101018579A
CN101018579A CNA2005800238860A CN200580023886A CN101018579A CN 101018579 A CN101018579 A CN 101018579A CN A2005800238860 A CNA2005800238860 A CN A2005800238860A CN 200580023886 A CN200580023886 A CN 200580023886A CN 101018579 A CN101018579 A CN 101018579A
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罗齐·哈贝肖
蒂姆·巴罗-威廉斯
马修·布雷迪
奈杰尔·哈里森
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Abstract

注射装置(110)具有外壳(112)和外壳闭合构件(130)。注射装置(110)容纳注射器，该注射器具有有防护罩密封的针头(118)。外壳闭合构件(130)被布置成使得防护罩可容易地连接到外壳闭合构件上，但不能从布置外壳闭合构件上移除。外壳和外壳闭合构件被布置成使得在外壳闭合构件旋转时，外壳闭合构件离开外壳和防护罩轴向运动，并且防护罩从注射器移除。注射装置使用简单并容易制造。

Description

注射装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种注射装置，该类注射装置能容纳注射器、伸出注射器、排出注射器的内容物、然后自动缩回注射器。这种装置在WO 95/35126和EP-A-0 516 473中进行了一般性描述，并且其通常使用驱动弹簧和某种形式的释放机构，一旦确认注射器的内容物已经被排出，该释放机构就将注射器从所述驱动弹簧的作用下释放，从而允许该注射器通过回位弹簧缩回。
背景技术
通常，这种注射装置需要与密封的皮下注射器配合工作，该皮下注射器通常设有密封盖或“防护罩”，“防护罩”保护皮下注射针并维持注射器的内容物不受细菌感染。保持注射器的内容物在适用的范围内无菌自然是必要的，这意味着对于设计成一次性使用的装置，必须把防护罩移除，而注射器位于注射装置内。
通常，把防护罩从注射器中移除所需要的动作是，将防护罩拉离注射器，或者拧动防护罩同时将其拉离注射器。如果充满物质的注射器在使用前已经放置了一段时间，则把防护罩从注射器中移除通常是很困难的；通常需要一个超过20N的较大的力才能做到。
如果注射装置用于风湿性关节炎患者、老年患者或虚弱患者，患者难以在使用之前将防护罩从注射器移除。此外，防护罩对于所有使用者特别是关节灵活性差以及手不灵巧的使用者太小，抓持的手巧性要求高。因为注射器的防护罩可以放置于外壳内，这也使对防护罩的接触受到限制。
发明内容
本发明的注射装置设计用来处理以下问题。
根据本发明的注射装置包括：
外壳，其适于装纳具有排出喷嘴的注射器和覆盖其排出喷嘴的防护罩，所述外壳限定了第一轴线并具有第一末端和第二末端，其中，排出喷嘴能从外壳的第一末端延伸通过出口开孔，所述外壳在其第一末端上还设有凸轮表面；以及
外壳闭合构件，其具有用于与外壳上的凸轮表面连接的凸轮表面，从而外壳闭合构件围绕所述轴线的旋转使得外壳闭合构件离开外壳轴向运动；
所述外壳闭合构件还包括用于连接到注射器的防护罩上的部件，从而外壳闭合构件从外壳的移除使得防护罩从注射器移除。
所述外壳上的凸轮表面和所述外壳闭合构件上的凸轮表面包括相应的曲面。
外壳闭合构件还包括外部夹持部件，通过该外部夹持部件使用者可夹持所述外壳闭合构件。
外壳闭合构件和所述外壳中的一个还包括脊状部，所述外壳闭合构件和所述外壳中的另一个上的相应的凹口可与所述脊状部连接，以将外壳闭合构件保持在外壳上。
用来连接的部件包括具有成形内径的压制夹持垫圈。在使用中，防护罩可插入夹持垫圈的中央，成形内径稍微变形以环绕防护罩。具体地说，夹持垫圈弯曲成截头圆锥形状。但是，当移除盖帽时，夹持垫圈嵌入防护罩防止其从盖帽移除。
夹持垫圈的内径可以是堞形的。作为另一种选择，夹持垫圈可包括内部齿状星形垫圈或防震垫圈。
用来连接的部件由金属制成。
所述用来连接的部件保持在模制于外壳闭合构件内的凹口中。
所述用来连接的部件设置在模制于外壳闭合构件内侧的中央突出部中。所述用于连接的部件借助于模制于中央突出部中的凹口保持在外壳闭合构件中的适当位置处。
作为另一种选择，所述用于连接的部件由与外壳闭合构件相同的材料模制，作为模制于外壳闭合构件内侧中的中央突出部的一部分。
所述用来连接的部件包括具有中空末端的中央突出部，所述中空末端的凸缘在其前缘处而不是其后缘处倾斜。在使用中，防护罩在插入外壳闭合构件时跨过倾斜边缘。但是，当移除外壳闭合构件时，后缘嵌入防护罩，防止从外壳闭合构件中移除。
外壳闭合构件还包括支承面，用于支撑注射器的保护罩的末端。
附图说明
下面将通过参照附图以实施例的方式对本发明进行说明，其中：
图1显示了根据本发明注射装置的透视图，其中移除了外壳闭合构件，针头处于伸出位置；
图2显示了图1中注射装置的平面图；
图3显示了图1中注射装置的侧面图；
图4显示了图1至3中注射装置的透视图，其中外壳闭合构件处于适当的位置；
图5显示了图4中注射装置的平面图；
图6显示了根据本发明一个实施例的注射装置中使用的堞形夹持垫圈的透视图；
图7显示了根据本发明的一个实施例的注射装置中使用的外壳闭合构件；
图8显示了图7中的盖帽，其与根据本发明的一个实施例的注射装置中使用的注射器的防护罩接合；以及
图9显示了根据本发明的一个实施例的注射装置的一部分的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1至5和图9显示了根据本发明第一实施例的注射装置110。该注射装置具有注射装置外壳112。
外壳112包括传统类型的皮下注射器114、注射器主体116，该注射器主体116限定一容器，并且一端终止于皮下注射针头118。注射器114具有密封盖子或防护罩，用于覆盖皮下注射针头118，并且保持注射器溶液无菌。防护罩通常由塑料软橡胶形成。尽管图示的注射器是皮下类型，但不一定是如此。经皮或冲击真皮和皮下注射器也可以与本发明的注射装置一起使用。
注射装置还设有盖帽130。从图1至图3和图7中能非常好地看出来，盖帽通过位于外壳112上的脊状部113和盖帽130的内侧上的相应凹口131保持在外壳112上。
皮下注射针头可从外壳112末端附近开始延伸，该处设有凸轮曲面150，此曲面与盖帽130上的另一凸轮曲面152对应。
从图7和图8中可以看出，盖帽130内部设有堞形夹持垫圈160。图6示出了该夹持垫圈160。夹持垫圈160通过模制于盖帽130内部的相应的凹口162保持在盖帽130中的适当位置上。
盖帽130内部设有一对夹持表面170。夹持表面170提供用于使用者夹持盖帽130的表面。
从图9中可以看出，盖帽130内部可以设有支承面180，该支承面180支撑防护罩120的末端。
在注射装置110的制造期间，注射器114和防护罩120作为整体件插入外壳中。将盖帽放置在外壳上，迫使防护罩120进入堞形垫圈160的中央，并使外壳上的脊状部113与盖帽130中的凹口131接合。此外，使两凸轮曲面150对准。通过使防护罩120进入堞形垫圈160，花键发生变形，使得垫圈呈截头圆锥形状。制成垫圈160的金属材料嵌入更软的制成防护罩120的塑料或橡胶材料中。从而在防护罩120上形成了坚固的夹持。
使用注射装置110时，使用者一只手抓住外壳，另外一只手通过夹持表面170夹持盖帽130。使用者然后旋转盖帽130。在旋转盖帽130时，两个凸轮曲面150和152在彼此上运动，且盖帽130远离外壳112轴向运动。所述旋转和轴向运动也将防护罩120拧动和拉出注射器114。防护罩120通过堞形垫圈160保持固定在盖帽130内，因为拧动防护罩120并将其移出注射器114所需的力明显小于将防护罩120拉出堞形垫圈160的中心所需的力。支承面180通过保持防护罩120在盖帽130内对准，有助于防止防护罩120被拉离注射器114。
本发明提供一种解决现有技术装置问题简单有效的方式。因为不需要对注射器或防护罩做改进，可以使用标准的注射器，这样就降低了制造成本。此外，注射器和防护罩定位于外壳内的公差要求不严格，因为一旦防护罩被插入堞形垫圈，就不能再移动。防护罩延伸通过垫圈的程度不重要，只要垫圈充分夹紧防护罩。因为注射器和防护罩的插入深度和确切尺寸能够变化，这是一个很重要的优点。
此外，由于移除盖帽和防护罩不需要进行两个单独的步骤，减少了使用装置所需的操作步骤的数量。

Claims (16)

1.一种注射装置，包括：
外壳，其适于装纳具有排出喷嘴的注射器和覆盖其排出喷嘴的防护罩，所述外壳限定了第一轴线并具有第一末端和第二末端，其中，排出喷嘴能从外壳的第一末端延伸通过出口开孔，所述外壳在其第一末端上还设有凸轮表面；以及
外壳闭合构件，其具有用于与外壳上的凸轮表面连接的凸轮表面，从而外壳闭合构件围绕所述轴线的旋转使得外壳闭合构件离开外壳轴向运动；
所述外壳闭合构件还包括用于连接到注射器的防护罩上的部件，从而外壳闭合构件从外壳的移除使得防护罩从注射器移除。
2.如权利要求1所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述外壳上的凸轮表面和所述外壳闭合构件上的凸轮表面包括相应的曲面。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的注射装置，还包括外部夹持部件，通过该外部夹持部件使用者可夹持所述外壳闭合构件。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述外壳闭合构件和所述外壳中的一个还包括脊状部，所述外壳闭合构件和所述外壳中的另一个上的相应的凹口可与所述脊状部连接，以将外壳闭合构件保持在外壳上。
5.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述用来连接的部件包括具有成形内径的压制夹持垫圈。
6.如权利要求5所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述夹持垫圈的内径是堞形的。
7.如权利要求5所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述夹持垫圈包括内部齿状星形垫圈或防震垫圈。
8.如权利要求5至7中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，在将注射器的防护罩连接到外壳闭合构件上时，所述夹持垫圈弯曲成截头圆锥形状。
9.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述用来连接的部件由金属制成。
10.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述用来连接的部件保持在模制于外壳闭合构件内的凹口中。
11.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述用来连接的部件设置在模制于外壳闭合构件内侧的中央突出部中。
12.如权利要求书11所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述用于连接的部件借助于模制于中央突出部中的凹口保持在外壳闭合构件中的适当位置处。
13.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述用于连接的部件由与外壳闭合构件相同的材料模制，作为模制于外壳闭合构件内侧中的中央突出部的一部分。
14.如权利要求书13所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述用来连接的部件包括具有中空末端的中央突出部，所述中空末端的凸缘在其前缘处而不是其后缘处倾斜
15.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的注射装置，还包括支承面，用于支撑注射器的保护罩的末端。
16.一种注射装置，其基本上如参照附图所描述的那样，并在附图中示例性示出。
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CN102939123B (zh) * 2010-04-07 2014-11-26 Shl集团有限责任公司 药物输送装置
CN104321100A (zh) * 2012-04-10 2015-01-28 卡贝欧洲有限公司 帽组件
CN104321100B (zh) * 2012-04-10 2017-02-22 卡贝欧洲有限公司 帽组件
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CN106456883B (zh) * 2014-03-12 2019-11-05 魏民 自动药物注射装置

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