TW201140997A - Selective wireless power transfer - Google Patents

Selective wireless power transfer Download PDF

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TW201140997A
TW201140997A TW099139562A TW99139562A TW201140997A TW 201140997 A TW201140997 A TW 201140997A TW 099139562 A TW099139562 A TW 099139562A TW 99139562 A TW99139562 A TW 99139562A TW 201140997 A TW201140997 A TW 201140997A
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wireless power
parameter
power transfer
receiver
wireless
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TW099139562A
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Jeremy D Dunworth
Roger Wayne Martin
Marybeth Selby
David Maldonado
Stein Arne Lundby
Khaled Helmi El-Maleh
Yair Karmi
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Qualcomm Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00Commerce
    • G06Q30/02Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
    • G06Q30/0241Advertisements
    • G06Q30/0251Targeted advertisements
    • G06Q30/0267Wireless devices
    • H02J7/025
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00Commerce
    • G06Q30/06Buying, selling or leasing transactions
    • G06Q30/0601Electronic shopping [e-shopping]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036Charger exchanging data with battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00045Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/0071Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Development Economics (AREA)
  • Economics (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
  • Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)

Description

201140997 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大體而言係關於無線電力,且更具體言之,係關 於無線電力之選擇性轉移。 依據35 U.S.C. §119主張優先權 2009年11月17曰申請的題為「無線電力(WIRELESS POWER)」之美國臨時專利申請案第61/262,119號,該案 之揭示内谷藉此以全文引用的方式併入本文中。 【先前技術】 通常,每一電池供電裝置需要其自身的充電器及電源, 該電源通常為一交流(AC)電源插座。在許多裝置需要充電 時’此舉變得難以使用。 正開發在傳輸器與待充電之裝置之間使用空中電力傳輸 的做法。此等做法大體上屬於兩種類別。一種類別係基於 傳輸天線與待充電之裝置上的接收天線之間的平面波輻射 (亦稱為遠場輻射)的耦合,該待充電之裝置收集所輻射之 電力且對其整流以用於對電池充電。天線大體上為諧振長 度以便改良耦合效率。此做法的缺點為電力耦合隨著天線 之間的距離增加而迅速衰退。因此,超過合理距離(例 如,>1-2公尺)充電變得困難。另外,因為系統輻射平面 波,所以若未經由濾波來進行適當控制,則無意之輻射可 干擾其他系統。 其他做法係基於嵌入於(例如)「充電」墊或表面中的傳 輸天線與嵌入於待充電之主機裝置中的接收天線加整流電 152265.doc 201140997 路之間的電_合。此做法具有以下缺點:傳輸天線與接 收天線之間的間隔必須非常接近(例如,幾毫米)。雖然此 做法確實具有對同一區域中之多個裝置同時充電的能力, 但此區域通常較小’因此使用者必須將該等裝置定位至一 特定區域。 如-般熟習此項技術者將瞭解,可經由未調變之信號來 達成無線充電,該未調變之信號允許進行傳輸器及接收器 至相同頻率之窄調諧'然而,此窄頻帶信號之傳輸可允許 在傳輸器附近之任何接收器(包括未經授權之接收器)調諧 至相同頻率,從而不受控制且中斷經授權之接收器之充 電。 需要將無線電力提供至經授權之使用者同時限制未經授 權之使用者存取無線電力。 【實施方式】 下文中結合隨附圖式所闡述之[實施方式]意欲作為對本 發明之例示性實施例的描述且不意欲表示可實踐本發明的 僅有實施例。遍及此描述所使用之術語「例示性」意謂 「充當實例、例子或說明」,且未必應被解釋為相比其他 例示性實施例較佳或有利。該[實施方式]包括特定細節以 便達成提供對本發明之例示性實施例之澈底理解的目的。 熟習此項技術者將顯而易見的是,可在無此等特定細節之 情況下實踐本發明之例示性實施例。在一些例子中,以方 塊圖形式展示熟知結構及裝置以便避免混淆本文中所呈現 之例示性實施例的新穎性。 152265.doc 201140997 s] ’’、、線電力」在本文中用以意謂在不使用實體電導體 之情況下在傳輸器與接收器之間傳輸的與電場、磁場、電 磁%或其他者相關聯的任何形式之能旦 圖m明根據本發明之各種例示性實施例的無線傳輸或 充電系統1〇〇。將輸入電力102提供至傳輸器ι〇4以供產生 用於提供能量轉移之輕射場106。接收器軸合至輻射場 106且產生輸出電力110以供麵合至輸出電力m之裝置(圖 中未展示)儲存或消耗。傳輸器1〇4與接收器刚兩者分開 達距離1 1 2。在一例示ΦΨ營尬rb , 生貫施例中,根據相互諧振關係來 組態傳輸器104及接收器1〇8,且在接收器1〇8之諧振頻率 料輸器104之諧振頻率非常接近時,當接收器刚位於輻 射場106之「近場」中時,傳輸器1〇4與接收器⑽之間的 傳輸損失最小。 傳輸器1G4進-步包括用於提供用於能量傳輸之構件的 專輸天線114 接收器1〇8進—步包括用於提供用於能量 接收之構件的接收天線118。根據應用及待與之相關聯之 穿置來對傳輸天線及接收天線設定大小。如所陳述,藉由 將傳輸天線之近場中之大部分能量耦合至接收天線而非以 電磁波形式將多數能量傳播至遠場來發生有效率能量轉 移。當在此近場中時,可在傳輸天線114與接收天線118之 間形成耦合模式。可發生此近場耦合的在天線114及118周 圍的區域在本文中稱作耦合模式區。 圖2展示無線電力轉移系統之簡化示意圖。傳輸器1〇4包 括振盪器122、功率放大器124,及濾波器及匹配電路 152265.doc 201140997 126。該振盪器經組態以在所要頻率下產生信號,該所要 頻率可回應於調整信號123來加以調整。可由功率放大器 124以回應於控制信號125的放大量來放大振盪器信號。可 包括濾波器及匹配電路126以濾出諧波或其他不想要之頻 率且使傳輸器104之阻抗與傳輸天線114匹配。 接收器108可包括匹配電路132及整流器及切換電路 134,以產生一直流(DC)電力輸出以對電池136(如圖2中所 展示)充電或對耦接至接收器之裝置(圖中未展示)供電。可 包括匹配電路132以使接收器1〇8之阻抗與接收天線us匹 配。接收器108與傳輸器1〇4可在一單獨通信頻道119(例 如’藍芽、紫蜂(zigbee)、蜂巢式等)上通信。 如圖3中所說明,例示性實施例中所使用之天線可組態 為「迴圈」天線150,其在本文中亦可稱作「磁性」天 線。迴圈天線可經組態以包括一空心或實體心(諸如,鐵 氧體心)。空心迴圈天線可較能容忍置放於該心附近之外 來實體裝置此外,空心迴圈天線允許其他組件置放於心 區域内。另外,空心迴圈可更易於使得能夠將接收天線 U8(圖2)置放於傳輸天線114(圖2)之平面内,在該平面 内傳輸天線114(圖2)之耗合模式區可更強大。 如所陳述’在傳輸器104與接收器1〇8之間的匹配或近似 =己諧振期間’發生傳輸器1〇4與接收器1〇8之間的有效率 里轉移,然而,甚至當傳輸器1〇4與接收器⑽之間的讀 T不匹配時,雖然轉移效率可能受影響,但仍可轉移能 置。藉由將來自傳輸天線之近場的能㈣合至駐留於建立 152265.doc 201140997 此近場之鄰域中的接收天線而非將能量自傳輪天線傳播至 自由空間中來發生能量轉移。 迴圈天線或磁性天線之_頻率係基於電感及電容。迴 圏^線中之電感大體上僅為由該迴圈天線建立之電感,而 電容大體上添加至迴圈天線之電感以在所要諧振頻率下建 立一諧振結構。作為-非限制性實例,可將電容器152及 電容器154添加至該天線以建立一產生譜振信號156之譜振 電路。因此,對於較大直徑之迴圈天線而言,誘發 需之電容的大小隨著迴圈天線之直徑或電感增加而減^ 此外’隨著迴圈天線或磁性天線之直徑增加,近場之有效 能量轉移區域增大。當然,其他譜振電路為可能的。作為 另一非限制性實例,電容器可並聯地置放於迴圈天線之兩 個端子之間。另外’一般熟習此項技術者將認識到,對於 傳輸天線,諧振信號156可為至迴圈天線15〇之輸入。 圖4為根據本發明之例示性實施例之傳輸器2〇〇的簡化方 塊圖。傳輸器200包括傳輸電路2〇2及傳輸天線2〇4。大體 而言’傳冑電路202藉由提供-致使在傳輸天線2〇4周圍產 生近場能量的振盪信號來將射頻(RF)電力提供至傳輸天線 204。應注意,傳輸器2〇〇可在任何合適之頻率下操作。舉 例而言,傳輸器200可在13.56 MHz ISM頻帶下操作。 例示性傳輸電路202包括固定阻抗匹配電路2〇6,其用於 使傳輸電路202之阻抗(例如,50歐姆)與傳輸天線2〇4匹 配,及低通遽波器(LPF)208,其經組態以將諧波發射減少 至防止耦接至接收器1〇8(圖1)之裝置的自干擾的位準。其 152265.doc 201140997 他例示性實施例可包括不同濾波器拓撲(包括(但不限於)使 特定頻率衰朗時使其他頻率通過的陷波濾波器),且可 包括適應性阻抗匹配,該適應性阻抗匹配可基於可量測傳 輸量度(諸如’至天線之輸出功率或由功率放大器汲取之 DC電流)而變化。傳輸電路2〇2進一步包括經組態以驅動如 由振盪器212判定之RF信號的功率放大器21〇。傳輸電路可 由離散裝置或電路組成,或替代地可由整合式總成組成。 來自傳輸天線204之例示性RF#率輸出可為約2 5瓦特。 傳輸電路202進一步包括控制器214,其用於在特定接收 器之傳輸階段(或作用時間循環)期間啟用振盪器2丨2、用於 調整該«器之頻率或相位,及肖於調整用於實施通信協 疋(用於經由相鄰裝置所附接之接收器與相鄰裝置互動)的 輸出功率位準。如此項技術t所熟知的,振盪器相位及傳 輸路徑中之相關電路的調整允許減少頻帶外發射(尤其在 自一頻率轉變至另一頻率時)。 傳輸電路202可進一步包括負載感測電路216,其用於福 測在由傳輸天線204產生之近場附近的作用中接收器之存 在或不存在。舉例而言,負載感測電路21 6監視流動至功 率放大器210之電流,其受在由傳輸天線204產生之近場附 近的作用中接收器之存在或不存在影響。對功率放大器 2 10上之負載之改變的偵測係由控制器2 14監視,以用於判 定是否啟用振盪器212以傳輸能量且與作用中接收器通 信。 傳輸天線204可藉由絞合漆包線(Litz wire)來實施或實施 152265.doc 201140997 為天線條帶,其具有經選擇 Λ使罨阻才貝失保持較低的厚 度、寬度及金屬類型。在習知實 ^ 只卿乃茶肀’傳輸天線204 σ體上經組態以與較大結構(諸如,桌子、塾、^或盆 他不便攜帶之組態)相關聯。因此’傳輸天線⑽大體上將 不需要「阻」以便為實際尺寸。傳輸天線204之例示性實 施^案可為「電學上較小」(亦即,波長之分率)且經調言皆 以錯由使用電容器來界定諧振頻率而在較低可用頻率下譜 振。在傳輸天線204之直徑或邊長(若為正方形迴圈)相對於 接收天線而言可較大(例如,〇5〇公尺)的例示性應用中, 傳輸天線204將未必需要較大數目之阻來獲得合理電容。 傳輸器200可搜集並追蹤關於可能與傳輸器相關聯之 接收器裝置之行蹤及狀態的資訊。因此,傳輸器電路2〇2 可包括連接至控制器214(在本文中亦稱作處理器)之存在偵 測器280、封入式偵測器29〇’或其組合。控制器214可回 應於來自存在偵測器280及封入式偵測器29〇之存在信號而 調整由放大器210遞送之電力之量。傳輸器可經由若干電 源(諸如,用以轉換存在於建築物中之習知AC電力的Ac轉 DC轉換器(圖中未展示)、用以將習知DC電源轉換成適合 於傳輸器200之電壓的DC轉DC轉換器(圖中未展示))接收電 力’或可直接自習知DC電源(圖中未展示)接收電力。 作為一非限制性實例,存在偵測器280可為一運動偵測 益,其用以感測插入於傳輸器之涵蓋區域中的待充電裝置 的初始存在。在偵測之後,可開啟傳輸器且可使用由裝置 接收之RF電力來以預定方式撥轉以裝置上之一間關,此 I52265.doc 201140997 清形繼而導致傳輪器之驅動點阻抗之改變。 作為另非限制性實例,存在偵測器280可 ::由紅外線偵測、運動㈣或其他 線可=特在—些例示性實施例中’可能存在限制傳輸天 下頻率下傳輸之功率之量的規則。在一些狀況 下此荨規則意欲保護人類免受電磁輕射。然而,可能存 在傳輸天線置放於人類未佔據的或人類很少佔據之區域 等m冑、廠區、店鋪,及其類似者)中的環境。若此 ::兄…人類’則可能可准許將傳輸天線之功率輪出增加 至南於正常功率限制規則。換言<,控制器214可回應於 人類存在而將傳輸天線綱之功率輸出調整至_管制位準 或較低位準,且當人類處於距傳輸天線2()4之電磁場1 制距離之外時,將傳輸天線2G4之功率輸出調整至一高於 該管制位準之位準。 间 ,作為一非限制性實例’封人式偵測器290(在本文中亦可 稱作封入式隔間偵測器或封入式空間偵測器)可為諸如感 測開關之裝置,其用於判定封人件何時處於封閉或開放狀 態。當傳輸器處於呈封人狀態之封人件中_,可增加傳輸 器之功率位準。 在例示性實施例中,可使用傳輸器200藉以不會無限地 保持開啟之方法。在此狀況下,傳輸㈣G可經程式化以 在使用者決定之時間量之後切斷。此特徵防止傳輸器200 (尤其是功率放大器210)在傳輸器200周邊之無線裝置完全 充電之後長時間運轉。此事件可歸因於用以偵測自中2器 152265.doc •10· 201140997 或接收線圈發送之信號的電路之故障,該信號指示裝置完 全充電。為了防止傳輸器200在另一裝置置放於傳輸器2〇〇 周邊時自動地切斷,可僅在偵測到傳輸器2〇〇之周邊缺乏 運動之设定時段之後啟動傳輸器2〇0自動切斷特徵。使用 者可能能夠判定停止使用(inactivity)時間間隔,且在需要 時改變該停止使用時間間隔。作為一非限制性實例,該時 間間隔可比在假定特定類型之無線裝置最初完全放電之情 況下對該裝置完全充電所需的時間間隔長。 圖5為根據本發明之例示性實施例之接收器3〇〇的簡化方 塊圖。接收器300包括接收電路302及接收天線3〇4。接收 器300進一步耦接至裝置35〇以向其提供所接收之電力。應 注意,將接收器300說明為在裝置35〇外部,但可將接收器 3〇〇整合至裝置350中。大體而言,能量係無線地傳播至接 收天線304且接著經由接收電路3〇2而耦合至裝置35〇。 接收天線304經調諧以在與傳輸天線2〇4(圖4)相同之頻 率下或在指定頻率範圍内諧振。接收天線3〇4可與傳輸天 線204類似地來設定尺寸,或可基於相關聯裝置35〇之尺寸 來不同地設定大小。舉例而言,裝置35〇可為具有小於傳 輸天線204之直徑或長度的直徑或長度尺寸的攜帶型電子 裝置。在此實例中,接收天線3〇4可實施為多匝天線以便 減小調諧電容器(圖中未展示)之電容值且增加接收天線之 阻抗。舉例而言,接收天線3〇4可置放於裝置35〇之實質周 長周圍,以便使天線直徑最大化且減小接收天線之迴圈租 (亦即’繞組)之數目及繞組間電容。 I52265.doc 201140997 接收電路3 02提供與接收天線304的阻抗匹配。接收電路 302包括電力轉換電路3〇6,其用於將所接收之RF能源轉換 成供裝置350使用之充電電力。電力轉換電路306包括RF轉 DC轉換器308且亦可包括DC轉DC轉換器310。RF轉DC轉 換器308將接收天線3〇4處所接收之RF能量信號整流成非交 流電力’而DC轉DC轉換器310將經整流之RF能量信號轉 換成可與裝置350相容的勢能(energy p〇tential)(例如,電 壓)。預期各種RF轉DC轉換器,包括部分及全整流器、調 節器、橋接器、倍加器以及線性及切換轉換器。 接收電路302可進一步包括切換電路312,其用於將接收 天線304連接至電力轉換電路3〇6或替代地用於斷開電力轉 換電路306。將接收天線304與電力轉換電路3〇6斷開不僅 暫時中止對裝置350充電,而且改變如傳輸器2〇〇(圖2)所 「見到」之「負載」。 如上文所揭示,傳輸器2〇〇包括負載感測電路2丨6,其偵 測提供至傳輸器功率放大器21〇之偏壓電流的波動。因 此,傳輸器200具有用於判定接收器何時存在於傳輸器之 近場中的機構。 當多個接收器300存在於傳輸器之近場中時’可能需要 對或多個接收器之加載及卸載進行時間多工以使其他接 收器能夠更有效率地耦合至傳輸器。亦可隱匿一接收器以 便消除至其他附近接收器之輕合或減少附近傳輪器上之負 載。接收器之此「卸載」在本文中亦稱為「隱匿」。此 外’如下文更完全地解釋,由接收器3〇〇控制且由傳輸器 152265.doc 12 201140997 2〇(M貞測的卸載與加載之間的此切換提供 輸器震的通信機制。另外,一協定可與該切換相關;傳 該協定使得能夠將訊息自接收器綱發送至傳輸器。舉 例而言,切換速度可為約1 〇〇微秒。 在一例示性實施例中’傳輸器與接收器之間的通信指代 裝置感測及充電控制機制而非習知雙向通信。換言之傳 輸器可使用所傳輸之信號之開/關鍵控,以調整能量在近 場中是否可用。接收器將此等能量改變解譯為來自傳輸器 之訊息。自接收器側而f,接收器可使賴收天線之調諧 與解除調諧來調整正自近場接受之電力的量。傳輸器可偵 測來自近場之所使用之電力的此差異,且將此等改變解譯 為來自接收器之訊息。應注意,可利用傳輸功率及負載行 為(load behavior)之其他形式的調變。 接收電路302可進一步包括用以識別所接收之能量波動 的發信號偵測器及信標電路3 14,該等能量波動可對應於 自傳輸器至接收器之資訊性發信號β此外,發信號及信標 電路3 14亦可用以偵測減少之rf信號能量(亦即,信標信 號)的傳輸且將該減少之RF信號能量整流成標稱電力以用 於喚醒接收電路302内的未供電或電力耗盡之電路,以便 組態接收電路302以用於進行無線充電。 接收電路302進一步包括處理器316 ’其用於協調本文中 所描述之接收器300之處理程序(包括對本文中所描述之切 換電路312的控制)。亦可在發生其他事件(包括偵測到向裝 置350提供充電電力之外部有線充電源(例如,壁式/USB電 152265.doc 13 201140997 源))後發生接收器300之隱匿。除控制接收器之隱匿之外, 處理器3 16亦可監視信標電路3 14以判定一信標狀態且擷取 自傳輸器發送之訊息。處理器316亦可調整DC轉DC轉換器 310以獲得改良之效能。 圖6展示用於執行傳輸器與接收器之間的訊息傳遞的傳 輸電路之一部分的簡化示意圖。在本發明之一些例示性實 施例中,可在傳輸器與接收器之間啟用用於通信之構件。 在圖6中,功率放大器21〇驅動傳輸天線2〇4以產生輻射 場。該功率放大器藉由載波信號22〇來驅動,該載波信號 220在傳輸天線2〇4之所要頻率下振盪。使用傳輸調變信號 224來控制功率放大器21〇之輸出。 傳輸電路可藉由對功率放大器21〇使用開/關鍵控處理程 序來將k號發送至接收器。換言之,當確證傳輸調變信號 224時功率放大器210將在傳輸天線204上向外驅動載波 信號220之頻率。當否定傳輸調變信號224時,功率放大器 將不在傳輸天線204上向外驅動任何頻率。應注意,其他 類型之調變可在本發明之範疇内。 圖ό之傳輸電路亦包括負載感測電路216,其將電力供應 至功率放大器210且產生一接收信號235輸出。在負載感測 電路216中’電阻器Rs上之電壓降形成於電力輸入信號226 與至功率放大器210之電力供應228之間。由功率放大器 21 〇消耗之電流的任何改變將引起將由差動放大器23〇放大 之電壓降的改變。當傳輸天線與接收器(圖6中未展示)中之 接收天線處於搞合模式中時’由功率放大器21〇汲取之電 152265.doc •14· 201140997 流之量將改變。換言之,若傳輸天線204不存在耦合模式 諧振,則驅動輻射場所需之電力將為第—量。若存在耦人 模式諧振,則由功率放大器210消耗之電力之量將上升, 此係因為大量電力搞合至接收天線中。因此,接收信號 235可指示麵合至傳輸天線235之接收天線的存在且亦可偵 測自接收天線發送之信號。另外,接收器電流及取之改變 可在傳輸器之功率放大器電流汲取中觀測到,且此改變可 用以债測來自接收天線之信號。應注意,可實施其他電路 以债測藉由接收天線及相關聯之電路之行為呈現的負載之 如本文中所描述的本發明之各種例示性實施例係關於 於將無線電力轉移至經授權之裝置同時防止未經授權之 置接收無線電力的系統、裝置及方法。更具體言之,本. 中所描述之各種例示性實施例包括用於轉移無線電力並f 丄授推U接收無線f力之—或多個電子裝置提供對該所車 =無線電力的存取的方法、系統及裝置。本文中所㈣ 接收無線電力时法、线及裝置。 子裝置處 力’根據本發明之一例示性實施例,-無線電 至: ,無線電力,其t與無線電力之傳輸相關聯的 具體:,數可根據預定義之無線電力轉移情況而變化。更 益線2 ’例如,無線電力裝置可傳輸無線電力,其令與 變化。:相關聯的至少—參數可根據偽隨機序列而 …主意,術語「無線電力轉移情況」可包括無線電 152265.doc 201140997 力傳輸之至少一參數(例如,無線電力傳輸器之頻率)根據 至少一偽隨機序列而變化的情況。換言之,「無線電力轉 移情況」可包括無線電力傳輸之至少一參數根據時間相依 預定義型樣而變化的情況。 此外’為了使得經授權之電子裝置能夠接收無線電力, 與该電子裝置相關聯之接收器可根據無線電力轉移情況操 作。更具體言之,例如,經授權以接收無線電力之電子裝 置可使與無線電力之接收相關聯的至少一參數(例如,無 線電力接收器之頻率)根據一偽隨機序列而變化。更具體 言之’例如,經授權以接收無線電力之電子裝置可使相關 聯之無線電力接收器之頻率根據該偽隨機序列而變化,以 使得該接收器之諧振頻率能夠匹配無線電力裝置之傳輸器 之諧振頻率。 此外,根據本發明之一或多個其他例示性實施例,無線 電力裝置可傳輸(例如,經由通信手段)一代碼,識別至經 授權以自無線電力裝置接收無線電力之電子裝置的無線電 力轉移情況《在接收到該代碼後,該電子裝置便可經組態 以使相關聯之接收器之該至少一參數根據該偽隨機序列而 變化,且,因此,可使得能夠進行無線電力接收。 圖7說明包括無線電力裝置7〇2之系統7〇〇,無線電力裝 置702具有—傳輸器703及至少-相關聯之傳輸天線705, 傳輸天線705經組態以在相關聯之充電區内傳輸無線電 力。系統700進一步包括具有接收器707之電子裝置7〇4, 接收器7G7經組態以自無線電力裝置(諸如,無線電力裝置 152265.doc •16· 201140997 702)接收無線電力。作為一實例,無線電力裝置7〇2可將 代碼傳輸至電子裝置704,其中該代碼識別一時間相依 型樣,一相關聯之傳輸器之至少一參數將依據該型樣而變 化。此後,無線電力裝置702可傳輸無線電力,其中一相 關聯之傳輸器之該至少—參數根據該預定義型樣而變化。 換言之,無線電力裝置702可根據電子裝置7〇4所已知之一 唯一遞送型樣來傳輸電力,電子裝置7〇4經授權以接收自 無線電力裝置702傳輸之無線電力。 使傳輸盗之-參數依據—偽隨機序列而變化可使得擁有 識別4偽隨機序列之—代碼之—或多個接收器能夠追縱無 、衣電力裝置702 »因此,與可追蹤無線電力裝置之傳輸器 之至少-參數的該-或多個接收器相關聯之—或多個裝置 可自無線電力裝置702接收無線電力,同時其他非追蹤裝 置無法接收無線電力。 貫例,傳輸器之一頻率可根據 … 、哪 义保(例如,借 助於此項技術中所熟知之秘密演算法預定或動態地控制的 二密型,變化,且僅知曉該型樣並根據該型樣操作 且^ 夠控制其相關聯之接收器以追蹤所傳輸之信號 =效地自無線電力裝置㈣取電力。藉由使用一頻率 範圍且恆定地改變傳輸号 且有,… 在之頻率’有可能確保僅 具有在與傳輸器實質上類似 M* ^ ^ ^ A 貝手下5白振之接收器的電子 裝置將犯夠以無線方式汲取電力 可包括相位之變化。如此項編二意’頻率之變化亦 應於更戽墓 紆中所沾知,信號輸出可對 義之轉移函數’其中(例如)使頻率變化之方法可 152265.doc -17- 201140997 需要相位之控制。在支援本發明之實施例將電力轉移至所 允許之裝置時,轉移函數之此控制可提供減少頻帶外發射 之額外益處。 此外,應注意,因為可將資料加密,所以在(例如)使用 者已訂用無線電力服務或為無線電力服務支付費用之後, 可使用傳統無線通信手段來傳輸識別預定型樣之代碼。代 碼之交換或載入可藉由此項技術中所熟知之方法來進行, 所熟知之方法諸如預先載入、㈣回應或自㈣存之密錄 之本地產生(通常結合可自共同源供應之額外資訊(例如, 時間、位置等))。 根據一例示性實施例’無線電力裝置7〇2可在調諧至一 特定頻率(例如,在充電型樣中所識別之第一頻率)後便傳 輸電力。根據另一例示性實施例,無線電力裝置7〇2可使 用轉變函數逐漸地增加(「傾斜上升」)電力傳輸,該轉變 函數可減少經授權之電子裝置可能不能夠接收的頻帶外電 力發射。此外,轉移函數可減少經授權之電子裝置可能不 能夠接收(歸因於同步準確度)的電力之傳輪。更具體言 之,無線電力裝置702(且,更具體言之,與無線電’力裝^ 繼相關聯之傳輸器期)可發射低功率前置項(其可能為cw 或調變之信號)’從而允許經授權之電子裝置⑽之接收器 7〇7同步且對自身調諸,此情形可使得電子裝置704能夠接 收由無線電力裝置702傳輸時的最大電力。 圖8說明另-系統800,其包括無線電力裝置7〇2及複數 個電子裝置704及·,其中每一電子裝置7〇4及職經組態 152265.doc 201140997 以自無線電力裝置(諸如,無線電力裝置7〇2)接收無線電 力。然而,應注意,在圖8中所說明之實例中,電子裝置 704經授權以自無線電力裝置7G2接收無線電力,而包括接 收^卿之電子裝置未經授權。作為-實例,無線電力 裝置702可將-代碼傳輸至電子裝置7()4 ’其中該代碼識別 一時間相依型樣,傳輸器7〇3之頻率將依據該型樣而變 化。此後,無線電力裝置7〇2可傳輸無線電力,其中傳輸 器之頻率根據該預定義型樣而變化。此外,只要電子裝置 7〇4使相關聯之接收器而之頻率根據該代碼中所識別的預 定義型樣而變化,電子裝置7〇4便可接收以無線方式自無 線電力裝置702傳輸之電力。此外,應注意,因為電子裝 置706缺之與時間相依型樣有關的資訊,所以與電子裝置 706相關聯之接收器無法使其頻率相應地變化且,因二, 無法接收以無線方式自無線電力裝置702傳輸之電力的任 何顯著部分。 在另一實施例中,傳輸器7〇3之阻抗可根據一時間相依 偽隨機序列而變化。此外,知曉時間相依偽隨機序列的經 授權之電子裝置之接收器(例如,接收器7〇7)可使其阻抗相 應地變化,以保持輕合至傳輸器703且,因此,可自傳輸 器703接收無線電力。阻抗匹配可導致高效率耗合且可有 效地替換具有較低效率之其他接收器線圈。阻抗可以與上 文關於頻率變化所描述之例示性實施例幾乎相同之方式變 化。應注意,根撼_也,— 很骤例不性實施例’僅擁有當前最佳阻抗 之接收器(亦即,經崧婼七莊β 丄枚權之裝置之接收器)將藉由將其阻抗 152265.doc •19· 201140997 設定至預期最佳值而合理地耦合至無線電力之傳輸器。在 另-實施财,可將並*擁有最佳值之—或多個接收器 (亦即,未經授權之裝置之接收器)設定至高阻抗,以便不 干擾至其他使用者之服務。 本發明之各種例示性實施例可使得能夠根據一無線電力 轉移情況將無線電力轉移至多個經授權之裝置。圖9說明 系統840,其包括無線電力裝置7〇2及複數個電子裝置 850、852及854,其中备一番工姑里〆y的 丹T母電子裝置經授權以自無線電力 裝置7G2接收無線電力。作為一實例,參看圖9及表】,說 明一無線電力轉移情況,其中無線電力裝置7〇2在多個時 段内跨越變化之頻率而轉移無線電力。更具體言之,無線 電力裝置702在第一時段期間在頻㈣下轉移電力, 二時段期間在頻率F2下轉移電力,在第三時段期間在頻率 3下轉移電力,在第四時段期間在頻率以下轉移電 ^此外’如表4所說明,電子裝置㈣之相關 广1在第一時段期間在頻㈣下譜振,在第三時段期間 在頻率F3下諧振,在第五 七時”又』間在頻㈣下諧振,在第 時W間在頻㈣下諧振,在第九時段期間 諧振,在第十一日卑# + t + 手 下 手m’在頻率F1!下諧振 段期間在頻率F13下諧振, 弟十二時 下咕4 且在第十五時段期間在頻率F15 下咕振。因此,電子裝置85〇之接收器μ〗 間在與傳輪器7ίη相门 ° 在以下時段期 &、第五時段、第七時段、第九時段、第十 第—時 三時段及第十五時段。 夺奴、第十 152265.doc •20· 201140997 此外,電子裝置852之相關聯之接收器8 間在頻咖振,在第四時段期間在頻率二= 第八時段期間在頻率F8 ' ―,且在第十四時段期:在 器服相同之頻率下料1 ^ 間在與傳輸 料下為振.第二時段、第四時段、第 第十時段及第十四時段。另外,電子裝置…之相關 聯之接收器855在第六時段期間在頻㈣下諸振且在第十 :時段期間在頻率F12下譜振。因此,電子裝置㈣之接收 W55可在第六時段及第十二時段期間在與傳輸器 之頻率下諧振。 u 表1 裝置 頻率 " ------------- 無線電力 裝置702 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F14 F15 F15 接收器851 F1 F3 F5 F7 F9 F11 F13 接收器853 接收器855 F2 F4 F8 F10 — F6 F12 結果,由無線電力裝置702遞送之電力在約二分之一的 時門内由電子裝置8 50接收(例如,每六個循環中有三次), 在約三分之一的時間内由電子裝置852接收(每六個循環中 有兩-入)’且在約六分之一的時間内由電子裝置854接收(每 六個循環中有一次)。 作為另一實例,參看圖9及表2,說明—無線電力轉移情 152265.doc -21. 201140997 況’其肀無線電力裝詈 而轉移無線電力。更具體1夕個時段内跨越變化之阻抗 具體§之,無線電力裝置702在第- =間可在阻抗Zi下操作,在第二時段期間可在阻抗Z2 =广三時段期間可在阻抗Ζ3τ操作,在第四時段 =署在阻抗Ζ4下操作,等等。此外,如表2中所說明, :850之相關聯之接收器851在第_時段期間在阻抗 ^白振’在第三時段期間在阻抗以下諧振,在第五時段 在 在阻心下贿,在第七時段期間在阻抗a下譜振, 广時段期間在阻抗29下諧振,在第十一時段期間在阻 ^下餘,在第十三時段期間在阻抗zi3下諸振,且在 五時&期間在阻抗Zl5下諧振。因此,電子裝置㈣之 收=⑸可在以下時段期間以與傳輸器7〇3相同之阻抗操 肖段、第三時段、第五時段、第七時段、第九時 &、第十-時段、第十三時段及第十五時段。 另外,電子裝置854之相關聯之接收器奶在第六時段期 =以阻抗Ζ6操作且在第十二時段期間以阻抗ζΐ2操作。因 :,電子裝置854之接收器855可在第六時段及第十二時段 』間以與傳輸器703相同之阻抗操作。此外,電子裝置852 ^相關聯之接收器853在第二時段期間以阻㈣操作,在 =四時段期間以阻抗Ζ4操作,在第人時段期間以阻抗叫桑 ’在第十時段期間以阻抗Ζ10操作,且在第十四時段期 間以阻抗Zl4操作。因此,電子裝置奶之接收器M3可在 :下時段期間以與傳輸器703相同之阻抗操作:第二時 奴第四時段、第八時段、第十時段及第十四時段。 152265.doc •22· 201140997 表2 裝置 阻抗 無線電力 裝置702 Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 Z6 Z7 Z8 Z9 Z10 Z11 Z12 Z13 Z14 Z15 接收器 851 Z1 Z3 Z5 Z7 Z9 Z11 Z13 Z15 接收器 853 Z2 Z8 Z14 接收器 855 Z4 Z6 Z10 Z12 結果,由無線電力裝置702遞送之電力在約二分之—的 時間内由電子裝置850接收(例如’每六個循環中有三次), 在約六分之一的時間内由電子裝置852接收(每六個循環中 有一次),且在約三分之一的時間内由電子裝置854接收(每 六個循環中有兩次)。 參看圖8及表3,說明另一無線電力轉移情況,其中無線 電力裝置702在多個時段内跨越變化之頻率(亦即,頻率 -頻率F4)而轉移無線電力。此外,接收器7〇7譜振所在之 ,率追蹤無線電力裝置7〇2譜振所在之頻率。因此,接收 ::07可在每一時段内接收電力。另夕卜’與未經授權之裝 目關聯^妾收器在每一時段内在頻扣下諸振。因 妾收器7G9可在無線電力裝置7() 的時段期間接收無線電力。 下顧在 152265.doc -23- 201140997 表3 裝置 頻率 無線電力 裝置702 F1 F2 F3 F4 F1 F2 F3 F4 接收器 707 F1 F2 F3 F4 F1 ---- F2 F3 F4 接收器 709 F2 F2 F2 F2 F2 _---- F2 一· -— F2 F2 如上文所提及,與未經授權之裝置相關聯的接收器7〇9 在頻率F2下諧振且,因此,可在無線電力裝置7〇2於頻率 F2下错振所在的時段期間接收無線電力。因此,意欲用於 接收器707之無線電力可能由接收器7〇9接收且,因此由 接收器7〇7接收的電力之量可能減少。可藉由各種手段來 減少損失至此未經授權之裝置的能量。在_例示性實施例 中,可藉由偵測負载且修改頻率序列以便避免發生負載所 在的頻率來避免由未經授權之裝置產生的干擾(亦即,負 載)。舉例而言,參看表4,無線電力裝置7〇2可避免在頻 率F2下傳輸電力且,因此,未經授權的且在頻率F2下諸振 表4 之接收器709無法自無線電力裝置7〇2接收無線電力。
裝置 頻率 " ~ -----1 無線電力 裝 1702 F1 F3 F4 F5 F1 — F3 F4 F5 接收器707 I7i F3 F4 F5 F1 F3 F4 F5 接收器709 F2 F2 F2 1 F2 F2 F2 F2 F2 — 1----L 152265.doc • 24 * 201140997 傳例=實施例中’在開始任何頻率上之無線電力 可;:等地或不平等地隔開之-或多個時 之負載之二忒:别頻率下之負载’且若發現未經授權 ^ ’則減少所傳輸之電力,或將傳輸切換至另 一頻率。此例示性實施例可能需要傳輪器與經授權之裝置 二接收器兩者切換至共同已知之頻率,該共同已知之頻率 可為原始頻率之備用頻率。 應注意’可識別特定無線電力轉移情況之代碼或另一代 碼可用於電子裝置之鑑認及 汉櫂舉例而言,在無線電力 裝置附近的電子裝晉纠J 2丨甘 識別其自身或被無線電力裝置識 卜‘”、線電力装置可經組態以存取中央词服器或網 路以請求用於電子裝置之充電授權。在接收到授權後,便 可為電子裝置提供與無線電力轉移情況有關之資訊。 根據另-例示性實施例,可將無線通信與無線電力同時 廣播且輕接至接收器之控制器在接收到該等通信後,可 判定接收器是否經授權以接收無線電力。若接收器未經授 權以接收無線電力’則控制器可經組態以防止該接收器在 正確的頻率下諧振以接收電力。 圖1 〇為說明根據-或多項例示性實施例之方法9 8 〇的流 程圖。方法980可包括在使無無電力轉移之至少一參數根 據一無線電力轉移情況而變化時將無線電力轉移至至少一 電子裝置(藉由數字982描繪)。 圖11為說明根據一或多項例示性實施例之另一方法99〇 的流程圖。方法990可包括藉由使電子裝置之無線接收器 152265.doc •25· 201140997 之至少一參數根據一無線電力轉移情況而變化來在電子裝 置處接收無線電力(藉由數字992描續)。 熟習此項技術者將理解,可使用各種不同技術及技藝中 的任一者來表示資訊及信號。舉例而言,可藉由電壓、電 流、電磁波、磁場或磁粒子、光場或光粒子或其任何組合 來表示可能遍及以上描述而引用之資料、指令、命令、資 訊、信號、位元、符號及碼片。 熟習此項技術者將進一步瞭解,結合本文中所揭示之例 示性實施例所描述之各種說明性邏輯區塊、模組、電路及 演算步驟可實施為電子硬體、電腦軟體或兩者之組合。為 了清楚地說明硬體與軟體之此可互換性,上文已大體上在 功能性方面描述各種說明性組件、區塊、模組、電路及步 驟。此功能性實施為硬體抑或軟體取決於特定應用及強加 於整個系統之設計約束。熟習此項技術者可針對每一特库 應用以變化方式來實施所描述之功能性,但此等實施決第 不應被解譯為會造成偏離本發明之例示性實施例的範嘴。 可精由以下各者來實施或執行結合本文中所揭示之例示 性實施例所描述的各種說明性邏輯區塊、模組及電路:通 用處理器、數位信號處理器_)、特殊應用積體電路 (ASK:)、場可程式化閘陣列(FpGA)或其他可程式化邏輯裝 置、離散閘或電晶體邏輯、離散硬體組件,或其經設相 :行本文中所描述之功能的任何組合。通用處理器可為微 !理斋’但或者’處理器可為任何習知之處理器 器、微控制器或狀態機。處理器亦可實施為計算裝置之址 152265.doc • 26 - 201140997 合,例如,一 DSP與一微處理器之組合、複數個微處理 器、結合一 DSP核心之一或多個微處理器,或任何其他此 組態。 結合本文中所揭示之例示性實施例所描述之方法或演算 法的步驟可直接體現於硬體中、由一處理器執行之軟體模 組中,或兩者之組合中。軟體模組可駐留於隨機存取記憶 體(RAM)、快閃記憶體、唯讀記憶體(R〇M)、電可程式化 Rom(eprom)、電可抹除可程式化ROM(EEpR〇M)、暫存 器、硬碟、可卸除式磁碟、CD_R〇M或此項技術中已知之 任何其他形式的儲存媒射。^列示性㈣媒體輕接至處 理器以使得該處理器可自該儲存媒體讀取資訊及將資訊寫 入至該儲存媒體。或者,儲存媒體可整合至處理器。處理 器及儲存媒體可駐留於ASIC中。ASIC可駐留於使用者終 端機中。或者’處理器及储存媒體可作為離散組件而駐留 於使用者終端機中。 在-或多項例示性實施例中,可以硬體、軟體、韌體或 f任何組合實施所描述之功能。若以軟體實施,則該等功 °乍為或夕個扣令或程式碼儲存於一電腦可讀媒體上 二:由-電腦可讀媒體來傳輸。電腦可讀媒體包括電腦儲 子、體與通k媒體兩者,通信媒體包括促進電腦程式自一 處至另—處之傳送的任何媒體。儲存媒體可為可由電腦存 :=:體。舉—此等電= 儲存3 am f〇M、EEpR〇M、cD_R〇M或其他光碟 盗磁碟儲存器或其他磁性儲存裝置,或可用以裁運 152265.doc •27· 201140997 或儲存呈指令或資料結構形式之所要程式竭並可由電腦存 取的任何其他媒體。且,將任何連接適當地稱為電腦可讀 媒體。舉例而t,若使用同軸電纜、光纖缆線、雙絞線、 數位用戶線(DSL)或諸如紅外線、無線電及微波之無線技 術自-網站、㈣器或其他遠端源傳輸軟體,則同轴電 缓、光纖規線、雙絞線、DSL或諸如紅外線、無線電及微 波之無線技術包括於媒體之定義卜如本*中所使用,磁 碟及光碟包括緊密光碟(CD)、雷射光碟、光學光碟、數位 影音光碟(DVD)、軟性磁碟及藍光光碟,#中鄕通常以 磁性方式再現資料,而充礴藉由雷射以光學方式再現資 料。上述各者之組合亦應包括在電腦可讀媒體之範疇内。 提供對所揭示之例示性實施例之先前描述以使任何熟習 此項技術者能夠製造或使用本發明。熟習此項技術者將易 於顯而易見對此等例示性實施例之各種修改,且在不偏離 本發明之精神或範疇的情況下,可將本文中所界定之一般 原理應用於其他實施例。因此,本發明不欲限於本文中所 展示之例示性實施例,而應符合與本文中所揭示之原理及 新穎特徵相一致的最廣泛範疇。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1展示無線電力轉移系統之簡化方塊圖。 圖2展不無線電力轉移系統之簡化示意圖。 圖3說明用於本發明之例示性實施例中之迴圈天線的示 意圖。 圖4為根據本發明之例示性實施例之傳輸器的簡化方塊 152265.doc -28 · 201140997 圖。 圖5為根據本發明之例示性實施例之接收器的簡化方塊 圖。 圖6展示用於執行傳輸器與接收器之間的訊息傳遞的傳 輸電路之一部分的簡化示意圖。 圖7說月根據本發明之例示性實施例的包括無線電力裝 置及電子裝置之系統。 圖8說明根據本發明夕也— 赞月之例不性實施例的包括一無線電力 裝置及複數個電子裝置的系統。 圖9說明根據本發明之例干,社每^ '、丨貫知例的包括一無線電力 裝置及複數個電子裝置的另一系統。 圖1 〇為說明根據本發明之例^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 4 | I•生貫施例之方法的流程 圖11為說明根據本發明之例 程圖。 性實施例之另 —方法的流 【主要元件符號說明】 100 無線傳輸或充電系統 102 輸入電力 104 傳輸器 106 輻射場 108 接收器 110 輸出電力 112 距離 114 傳輸天線 152265.doc -29- 201140997 118 接收天線 119 通信頻道 122 振盪器 123 調整信號 124 功率放大器 125 控制信號 126 濾波器及匹配電路 132 匹配電路 134 整流器及切換電路 136 電池 150 「迴圈」天線 152 電容器 154 電容器 156 諧振信號 200 傳輸器 202 傳輸電路 204 傳輸天線 206 固定阻抗匹配電路 208 低通濾波器(LPF) 210 功率放大器 212 振盪器 214 控制器 216 負載感測電路 220 載波信號 152265.doc ·30· 201140997 224 226 228 230 235 270 280 290 300 302 304 306 308 310 312 314 316 350 700 702 703 704 705 706 傳輸調變信號 電力輸入信號 電力供應 差動放大器 接收信號 記憶體 存在偵測器 封入式偵測器 接收器 接收電路 接收天線 電力轉換電路 射頻(RF)轉直流(DC)轉換器 直流(DC)轉直流(DC)轉換器 切換電路 發信號偵測器及信標電路 處理器 裝置 系統 無線電力裝置 傳輸器 電子裝置 傳輸天線 電子裝置 152265.doc -31 - 201140997 707 709 800 840 850 851 852 853 854 855 980 990 接收器 接收器 系統 系統 電子裝置 接收器 電子裝置 接收器 電子裝置 接收器 根據一或多項例示性實施例之方法 根據一或多項例示性實施例之另一方法 152265.doc -32-

Claims (1)

  1. 201140997 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種方法,其包含: 在使無線電力轉移之至少一參數根據一無線電力轉移 情況而變化時將無線電力轉移至至少一電子裝置。 2. 3. 如明求項1之方法,其中使該無線電力轉移之至少一參 數根據一無線電力轉移情況而變化包含:使該無線電力 轉移之該至少一參數根據偽隨機序列而變化。 如。月求項1之方法,其中使該無線電力轉移之至少一參 據無線電力轉移情況而變化包含:使該無線電力 轉移之該至少_參數根據時間相依型樣而變化。 4. 5. 6. 如請求項1之方法,其進一步包含將一代碼傳輸至一或 多個電子裝置’該代碼識別無線電力傳輸之該至少一參 數根據該無線電力轉移情況而變化。 如請求項4之方法,其中傳輸—代碼包含傳輸—加密代 玄加密代碼識別無線電力傳輸之該至少—參數根據 5玄無線電力轉移情況而變化。 θ求項1之方法’其中使該無線電力轉移之至少一 數變化包含:使無線電力傳輸之一頻率及一 少一者變化。 .T之至 7·如請求項1之方法,其中轉移無線電力包含 移函數來減少頻帶外電力發射。 8·—種裝置,其包含: 利用一轉 一無線電力傳輪 至少—參數根據— 咨’其、經組態以在使無線電力傳輸之 無線電力轉移情況而變化時傳輪無線 J52265.doc 201140997 門:Γ項8之裝置,其中該無線電力轉移情況包含一時 間相依型樣。 Ή項8之裝置’其中該無線電力傳輪器經組態以使 〜4電力傳輸之—頻率及—阻抗中之至少—者變化。 11.:請,項8之裝置,其經進一步組態以將一代碼傳輸至 :或多個電子裝置,該代碼識別無線電力傳輸之該至少 一參數根據該無線電力轉移情況而變化。 12. -種方法,丨包含藉由使—電子褒置之__無線接收器之 至少一參數根據一無線電力轉移情況而變化來在該電子 裝置處接收無線電力。 13. 士清求項12之方法,其中使該電子裝置之—無線接收器 之至少—參數根據一無線電力轉移情況而變化包含:使 «亥電子裝置之一無線接收器之至少一參數根據一偽隨機 序列而變化。 14. 如請求項12之方法,其中使該電子裝置之一無線接收器 之至少一參數根據一無線電力轉移情況而變化包含:使 該電子裝置之一無線接收器之至少一參數根據一時間相 依型樣而變化。 15. 如請求項丨2之方法,其進一步包含接收一代碼,該代碼 識別該至少一參數及該至少一參數變化所依據的一偽隨 機序列。 16.如請求項i 5之方法,其中接收一代碼包含接收一加密代 碼,該加密代碼識別該至少一參數及該至少一參數變化 152265.doc -2· 201140997 所依據的該偽隨機序列。 月长項12之方法’其中使至少一參數變化包含使該 無線接收器諧振所在之一頻率及該無線接收器之: 中的至少一者變化。 柷 18. 如請求項12之方法,其中使至少—參數變化包含:使一 無線接收器之至少一參數變化以匹配一無線電力傳輪器 之一相關聯的至少一參數。 19. 一種裝置,其包含: -無線電力接收器,其經組態以藉由使其至少一參數 根據一偽隨機序列而變化來接收無線電力。 如咐求項19之裝置’其中該裝置經組態以接收一代碼, 該代碼識別該至少-參數及該至少—參數變化所依據的 該偽隨機序列。 21. 如》月求項19之裝置,其中該裝置經組態以使該無線電力 接收器諧振所在之一頻率及該無線電力接收器之一阻抗 中的至少一者變化。 22. —種裝置,其包含: 用於傳輸識別一無線電力轉移情況之一代碼的構件;及 用於藉由使一相關聯之無線傳輸器之至少一參數根據 «亥無線電力轉移情況而變化來傳輸無線電力的構件。 23. —種裝置,其包含: 用於接收識別一無線電力轉移情況之一代碼的構件;及 用於藉由使一相關聯之無線接收器之至少一參數根據 该無線電力轉移情況而變化來接收無線電力的構件。 152265.doc
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