CN102668309B - 用于无线电力转移的方法和设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
示范性实施例是针对用于转移或接收无线电力的方法及装置。一种方法可包括接收对至少一个无线电力接入实体所需条件的接受。所述方法可进一步包括基于对所述至少一个无线电力接入实体所需条件的接受而将无线电力转移到至少一个电子装置。
Description
基于35U.S.C.§119的优先权主张
本申请案依据35U.S.C.§119(e)主张以下申请案的优先权:
2009年11月17日申请的题为“无线电力(WIRELESSPOWER)”的第61/262,119号美国临时专利申请案,所述案的揭示内容特此以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明通常涉及无线电力,且更具体来说,涉及用于基于条件的无线电力的方法及系统。
背景技术
通常,通过可充电电池来供电的每一装置可能需要其自身的充电器及电源,电源通常为交流(AC)电源插座。在许多装置需要充电时,此举变得难以使用。
正开发在发射器与待充电的装置之间使用空中电力传输(即,在充电器与正被充电的装置之间不需要线连接的能量转移)的做法。举例来说,可借助于发射天线与待充电的装置上的接收天线之间的平面波辐射(也称为远场辐射)的耦合来转移能量,所述待充电的装置收集所辐射的电力且对其整流以用于对电池充电。天线通常为谐振长度以便提高耦合效率。这一做法的缺点为电力耦合随着天线之间的距离增加而迅速衰退。因此,通常,在合理距离上(例如,>1-2公尺)应用这种充电解决方案变得困难。另外,因为系统辐射平面波,所以如果未通过滤波来进行适当控制,那么无意的辐射可干扰其他系统。
其他做法是基于嵌入于(例如)“充电”垫或表面中的发射天线与嵌入于待充电的主机装置中的接收天线加整流电路之间的电感耦合。这一做法具有以下缺点:发射天线与接收天线之间的间隔必须非常接近(例如,几毫米)。虽然这一做法确实具有对同一区域中的多个装置同时充电的能力,但这一区域通常较小,因此用户必须将所述装置定位至特定区域。
当用户在家里或在汽车里对装置充电时,用户可选择电源并为所消耗的能量支付费用。在其他环境中,电力的可用性及电力向经授权的用户的递送可能更有挑战性,这是因为电源的责任与充电的需要之间的关系可能不再适用。
需要增强的系统及方法,所述增强的系统及方法用于将无线电力转移到经授权的用户以及防止电力转移到未经授权的用户。
发明内容
附图说明
图1展示无线电力转移系统的简化框图。
图2展示无线电力转移系统的简化示意图。
图3说明用于本发明的示范性实施例中的环形天线的示意图。
图4为根据本发明的示范性实施例的发射器的简化框图。
图5为根据本发明的示范性实施例的接收器的简化框图。
图6展示用于执行发射器与接收器之间的消息传递的发射电路的一部分的简化示意图。
图7A说明电子装置的框图。
图7B为图7A的电子装置的另一描绘。
图8描绘包括实体及多个电子装置的无线系统。
图9为说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的方法的流程图。
图10为说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的另一方法的流程图。
图11为说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的又一方法的流程图。
图12为说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的另一方法的流程图。
图13为说明根据本发明的示范性实施例的又一方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下文中结合附图所阐述的[具体实施方式]意欲作为对本发明的示范性实施例的描述且不意欲表示可实践本发明的仅有实施例。遍及此描述所使用的术语“示范性”意谓“充当实例、例子或说明”,且未必应被解释为相比其他示范性实施例优选或有利。所述[具体实施方式]包括特定细节以便达到提供对本发明的示范性实施例的彻底理解的目的。所属领域的技术人员将显而易见的是,可在没有这些特定细节的情况下实践本发明的示范性实施例。在一些例子中,以框图形式展示熟知结构及装置以便避免混淆本文中所呈现的示范性实施例的新颖性。
词“无线电力”在本文中用以意谓在不使用物理电磁导体的情况下自发射器发射到接收器的与电场、磁场、电磁场或其他者相关联的任何形式的能量。应注意,本发明可适用于任何合适的无线电力情况,例如近场、远场、谐振及电感耦合。
图1说明根据本发明的各种示范性实施例的无线传输或充电系统100。将输入电力102提供至发射器104以供产生用于提供能量转移的辐射场106。接收器108耦合至辐射场106且产生输出电力110以供耦合至输出电力110的装置(未图示)存储或消耗。发射器104与接收器108分开达距离112。在一个示范性实施例中,根据相互谐振关系来配置发射器104及接收器108,且在接收器108的谐振频率与发射器104的谐振频率非常接近时,当接收器108位于辐射场106的“近场”中时,发射器104与接收器108之间的传输损失最小。
发射器104进一步包括用于提供用于能量发射的装置的发射天线114,且接收器108进一步包括用于提供用于能量接收的装置的接收天线118。根据应用及待与之相关联的装置来对发射天线及接收天线设定大小。如所陈述,通过将发射天线的近场中的大部分能量耦合至接收天线而非以电磁波形式将多数能量传播至远场来发生有效率能量转移。当在这种近场中时,可在发射天线114与接收天线118之间形成耦合模式。可发生这种近场耦合的在天线114及118周围的区域在本文中称作耦合模式区。
图2展示无线电力转移系统的简化示范性示意图。发射器104包括振荡器122、功率放大器124,及滤波器及匹配电路126。所述振荡器被配置以在所需频率下产生信号,所述所需频率可响应于调整信号123来加以调整。可由功率放大器124以响应于控制信号125的放大量来放大振荡器信号。可包括滤波器及匹配电路126以滤出谐波或其他不想要的频率且使发射器104的阻抗与发射天线114匹配。
接收器108可包括匹配电路132和整流器及切换电路134,以产生直流(DC)电力输出以对电池136(如图2中所展示)充电或对耦合至接收器的装置(未图示)供电。可包括匹配电路132以使接收器108的阻抗与接收天线118匹配。接收器108与发射器104可在单独通信信道119(例如,蓝牙、紫蜂(zigbee)、蜂窝式等)上通信。
如图3中所说明,示范性实施例中所使用的天线可配置为“环形”天线150,其在本文中也可称作“磁性”天线。环形天线可被配置以包括空心或实体心(例如,铁氧体心)。空心环形天线可较能容忍置于所述心附近的外来物理装置。此外,空心环形天线允许其他组件置于心区域内。另外,空心环形可更易于使得能够将接收天线118(图2)置于发射天线114(图2)的平面内,在所述平面内,发射天线114(图2)的耦合模式区可更强大。
如所陈述,在发射器104与接收器108之间的匹配或近似匹配谐振期间,发生发射器104与接收器108之间的有效率能量转移。然而,甚至当发射器104与接收器108之间的谐振不匹配时,仍可以较低效率转移能量。通过将来自发射天线的近场的能量耦合至驻留于建立了此近场的邻域中的接收天线而非将能量自发射天线传播至自由空间中来发生能量转移。
环形天线或磁性天线的谐振频率是基于电感和电容。环形天线中的电感通常仅为由所述环形天线建立的电感,而电容通常被加至环形天线的电感以在所需谐振频率下建立谐振结构。作为非限制性实例,可将电容器152及电容器154添加至所述天线以建立产生谐振信号156的谐振电路。因此,对于较大直径的环形天线来说,诱发谐振所需的电容的大小随着环形天线的直径或电感增加而减小。此外,随着环形天线或磁性天线的直径增加,近场的有效能量转移区域增大。当然,其他谐振电路为可能的。作为另一非限制性实例,电容器可并联地置于环形天线的两个端子之间。另外,所属领域的一般技术人员将认识到,对于发射天线,谐振信号156可为至环形天线150的输入。
图4为根据本发明的示范性实施例的发射器200的简化框图。发射器200包括发射电路202和发射天线204。通常,发射电路202通过提供致使在发射天线204周围产生近场能量的振荡信号来将射频(RF)电力提供至发射天线204。举例来说,发射器200可在13.56MHzISM频带下操作。
示范性发射电路202包括固定阻抗匹配电路206,其用于使发射电路202的阻抗(例如,50欧姆)与发射天线204匹配;以及低通滤波器(LPF)208,其被配置以将谐波发射减少至防止耦合至接收器108(图1)的装置的自干扰的程度。其他示范性实施例可包括不同滤波器拓扑(包括(但不限于)使特定频率衰减同时使其他频率通过的陷波滤波器),且可包括自适应阻抗匹配,所述自适应阻抗匹配可基于可量测发射量度(例如,至天线的输出功率或由功率放大器汲取的DC电流)而变化。发射电路202进一步包括被配置以驱动如由振荡器212确定的RF信号的功率放大器210。发射电路可由离散装置或电路组成,或替代地可由集成式总成组成。来自发射天线204的示范性RF功率输出可为约2.5瓦特。
发射电路202进一步包括控制器214,其用于在针对特定接收器的发射阶段(或工作循环)期间启用振荡器212、用于调整所述振荡器的频率,及用于调整用于实施通信协议(用于通过相邻装置所附接的接收器与相邻装置相互作用)的输出功率电平。
发射电路202可进一步包括负载感测电路216,其用于检测在由发射天线204产生的近场附近是否存在作用中接收器。举例来说,负载感测电路216监视流动至功率放大器210的电流,此电流受在由发射天线204产生的近场附近是否存在作用中接收器影响。对功率放大器210上负载改变的检测是由控制器214监视,以用于确定是否启用振荡器212以发射能量以便与作用中接收器通信。
发射天线204可实施为天线条带,其具有经选择以使电阻损失保持较低的厚度、宽度及金属类型。在常规实施方案中,发射天线204可通常经配置以与较大结构(例如,桌子、垫、灯或其他不便携带的配置)相关联。因此,发射天线204通常将不需要“匝”以便具有实际尺寸。发射天线204的示范性实施方案可在“电学上较小”(即,波长的分率)且经调谐以通过使用电容器界定谐振频率而在较低可用频率下谐振。在其中发射天线204的直径或边长(如果为正方形环形)相对于接收天线来说可能较大(例如,0.50公尺)的示范性应用中,发射天线204将未必需要较大数目的匝来获得合理电容。
发射器200可搜集并追踪关于可能与发射器200相关联的接收器装置的行踪及状态的信息。因此,发射器电路202可包括连接至控制器214(在本文中也称作处理器)的存在检测器280、封入式检测器290,或其组合。控制器214可响应于来自存在检测器280及封入式检测器290的存在信号而调整由放大器210递送的电力量。发射器可通过若干电源(例如,用以转换存在于建筑物中的常规AC电力的AC转DC转换器(未图示)、用以将常规DC电源转换成适合于发射器200的电压的DC转DC转换器(未图示))接收电力,或可直接从常规DC电源(未图示)接收电力。
作为非限制性实例,存在检测器280可为运动检测器,其用以感测插入于发射器的涵盖区域中的待充电装置的初始存在。在检测之后,可开启发射器且可使用由装置接收的RF电力来以预定方式拨动Rx装置上的开关,这一情形继而导致发射器的驱动点阻抗的改变。
作为另一非限制性实例,存在检测器280可为能够(例如)通过红外线检测、运动检测或其他合适方式检测人类的检测器。在一些示范性实施例中,可能存在限制发射天线可在特定频率下发射的功率量的法规。在一些状况下,这些法规意欲保护人类免受电磁辐射。然而,可能存在发射天线被置于人类未占据的或人类很少占据的区域(例如,车库、厂区、店铺,及其类似者)中的环境。如果这些环境无人类,则可能可准许将发射天线的功率输出增加至高于正常功率限制法规。换句话说,控制器214可响应于人类存在而将发射天线204的功率输出调整至管制水平或更低水平,且当人类处于距发射天线204的电磁场某管制距离之外时,将发射天线204的功率输出调整至高于所述管制水平的水平。
作为非限制性实例,封入式检测器290(在本文中也可称作封入式隔间检测器或封入式空间检测器)可为例如感测开关的装置,其用于确定外壳何时处于封闭或开放状态。当发射器处于呈封入状态的外壳中时,可增加发射器的功率电平。
在示范性实施例中,可使用发射器200藉以不会无限期地保持开启的方法。在这种状况下,发射器200可经编程以在用户确定的时间量之后切断。这种特征防止发射器200(尤其是功率放大器210)在发射器200周边的无线装置完全充电之后长时间运行。这种事件可归因于用以检测自中继器或接收线圈发送的信号的电路的故障,所述信号指示装置完全充电。为了防止发射器200在另一装置置于发射器200周边时自动地切断,可仅在在设定时段中在发射器200的周边内未检测到运动之后启动发射器200自动切断特征。用户可能能够确定停止使用(inactivity)时间间隔,且在需要时改变所述停止使用时间间隔。作为非限制性实例,所述时间间隔可比在假定特定类型的无线装置最初完全放电的情况下对所述装置完全充电所需的时间间隔长。
图5为根据本发明的示范性实施例的接收器300的简化框图。接收器300包括接收电路302和接收天线304。接收器300进一步耦合至装置350以向其提供所接收的电力。应注意,将接收器300说明为在装置350外部,但可将接收器300集成至装置350中。通常,能量被无线地传播至接收天线304且接着通过接收电路302耦合至装置350。
接收天线304经调谐以在与发射天线204(图4)相同的频率下或几乎相同的频率下谐振。接收天线304可与发射天线204类似地来设定尺寸,或可基于相关联装置350的尺寸来不同地设定大小。举例来说,装置350可为具有小于发射天线204的长度或直径的直径或长度尺寸的便携式电子装置。在此实例中,接收天线304可实施为多匝天线以便减小调谐电容器(未图示)的电容值且增加接收天线的阻抗。举例来说,接收天线304可置于装置350的实质周长周围,以便使天线直径最大化且减小接收天线的环形匝(即,绕组)的数目及绕组间电容。
接收电路302提供与接收天线304的阻抗匹配。接收电路302包括电力转换电路306,其用于将所接收的RF能源转换成供装置350使用的充电电力。电力转换电路306包括RF转DC转换器308且也可包括DC转DC转换器310。RF转DC转换器308将接收天线304处所接收的RF能量信号整流成非交流电力,而DC转DC转换器310将经整流的RF能量信号转换成与装置350兼容的势能(energypotential)(例如,电压)。预期各种RF转DC转换器,包括部分及全整流器、调节器、桥接器、倍加器以及线性及切换转换器。
接收电路302可进一步包括切换电路312,其用于将接收天线304连接至电力转换电路306或替代地用于使电力转换电路306断开连接。将接收天线304与电力转换电路306断开连接不仅中止对装置350充电,而且改变如由发射器200(图2)所“见到”的“负载”。
如上文所揭示,发射器200包括负载感测电路216,其检测提供至发射器功率放大器210的偏置电流的波动。因此,发射器200具有用于确定接收器何时存在于发射器的近场中的机构。
当多个接收器300存在于发射器的近场中时,可能需要对一个或一个以上接收器的加载及卸载进行时间多路复用以使其他接收器能够更有效率地耦合至发射器。也可隐匿接收器以便消除与其他附近接收器的耦合或减少附近发射器上的负载。接收器的此“卸载”在本文中也称为“隐匿”。此外,如下文更完全地解释,由接收器300控制且由发射器200检测的卸载与加载之间的此切换提供了自接收器300至发射器200的通信机制。另外,协议可与所述切换相关联,所述协议使得能够将消息自接收器300发送至发射器200。举例来说,切换速度可为约100微秒。
在示范性实施例中,发射器与接收器之间的通信指代装置感测及充电控制机制而非常规双向通信。换句话说,发射器使用所发射的信号的开/关键控,以调整能量在近场中是否可用。接收器将这些能量改变解释为来自发射器的消息。自接收器侧来说,接收器使用接收天线的调谐与解谐来调整正自近场接受的电力的量。发射器可检测来自近场的所使用的电力的这种差异,且将这些改变解释为来自接收器的消息。
接收电路302可进一步包括用以识别所接收的能量波动的信令检测器及信标电路314,所述能量波动可对应于自发射器至接收器的信息性信令。此外,信令及信标电路314也可用以检测减少的RF信号能量(即,信标信号)的传输且将所述减少的RF信号能量整流成标称功率以用于唤醒接收电路302内的未供电或电力耗尽的电路,以便配置接收电路302以用于进行无线充电。
接收电路302进一步包括处理器316,其用于协调本文中所描述的接收器300的处理过程(包括对本文中所描述的切换电路312的控制)。也可在发生其他事件(包括检测到向装置350提供充电电力的外部有线充电源(例如,壁式/USB电源))后发生接收器300的隐匿。除控制接收器的隐匿之外,处理器316也可监视信标电路314以确定信标状态且提取自发射器发送的消息。处理器316也可调整DC转DC转换器310以获得提高的性能。
图6展示用于执行发射器与接收器之间的消息传递的发射电路的一部分的简化示意图。在本发明的一些示范性实施例中,可在发射器与接收器之间启用用于通信的装置。在图6中,功率放大器210驱动发射天线204以产生辐射场。所述功率放大器通过载波信号220来驱动,所述载波信号220在发射天线204的所需频率下振荡。使用发射调制信号224来控制功率放大器210的输出。
发射电路可通过对功率放大器210使用开/关键控处理过程来将信号发送至接收器。换句话说,当断言发射调制信号224时,功率放大器210将在发射天线204上向外驱动载波信号220的频率。当否定发射调制信号224时,功率放大器将不在发射天线204上向外驱动任何频率。
图6的发射电路也包括负载感测电路216,其将电力供应至功率放大器210且产生接收信号235输出。在负载感测电路216中,电阻器Rs上的电压降形成于电力输入信号226与至功率放大器210的电力供应228之间。由功率放大器210消耗的电力的任何改变将引起将由差动放大器230放大的电压降的改变。当发射天线与接收器(图6中未展示)中的接收天线处于耦合模式中时,由功率放大器210汲取的电流量将改变。换句话说,如果发射天线204不存在耦合模式谐振,那么驱动辐射场所需的电力将为第一量。如果存在耦合模式谐振,那么由功率放大器210消耗的电力量将上升,这是因为大量电力耦合至接收天线中。因此,接收信号235可指示耦合至发射天线235的接收天线的存在且也可检测自接收天线发送的信号。另外,接收器电流汲取的改变可在发射器的功率放大器电流汲取中观测到,且此改变可用以检测来自接收天线的信号。
如所属领域的一般技术人员将理解,商业机构(例如,咖啡店)可向访问所述机构的顾客提供无线电力。更具体来说,作为实例,可由以下各者来提供无线电力接入:商业机构、服务提供商、与商业机构或服务提供商达成协议的第三方,或其任何组合。此外,应注意,除位于商业机构内之外,无线充电器也可位于(仅举例来说)以下各者内:图书馆、教育设施、无线供电站或公共交通工具(例如,公共汽车或列车)。因此,实体可(例如)在商铺内、在公共设施内或在独立的无线供电站(类似于沿着公路的旧式电话亭或休息站)处设立无线电力服务。
如本文中所使用,术语“实体”可指代在提供无线电力中所涉及的任何实体。举例来说,“实体”可包括商业实体、无线电力服务提供商、与商业机构或服务提供商达成协议的第三方,或其任何组合。此外,如本文中所使用,术语“数据挖掘”可指代用于对电子装置执行操作以撷取与所述电子装置有关的数据(例如,装置的位置或装置的类型)或与所述电子装置的用户有关的数据(例如,用户的兴趣、行为及偏好、用户的年龄等)的多种技术。此外,如本文中所使用,“广告”可指代包括(但不限于)以下各者的信息:促销信息、基于新闻的信息、帐户信息、条款或条件信息,所述各者中的任一者可包括文字、音频、图像、视频或其任何组合。
本发明的各种示范性实施例涉及将无线电力转移到电子装置的方法。更具体来说,一种方法可包括在至少一个电子装置的用户同意如由无线电力服务提供商确定的至少一个条件后,将无线电力转移到所述至少一个电子装置。作为实例,一种方法可包括将无线电力转移到至少一个电子装置及使所述至少一个电子装置经受至少一个操作。更具体来说,本发明的各种示范性实施例涉及将无线电力转移到至少一个电子装置的方法,所述至少一个电子装置可进一步接收一个或一个以上广告、传送一个或一个以上广告、遭受至少一个数据挖掘操作或其任何组合。
本发明的其他各种示范性实施例涉及在电子装置处接收无线电力的方法。更具体来说,一种方法可包括在电子装置的用户同意如由无线电力服务提供商确定的至少一个条件时接收至所述电子装置的无线电力。作为实例,一种方法可包括在电子装置处接收无线电力及同意使所述至少一个电子装置经受至少一个操作。更具体来说,本发明的各种示范性实施例涉及在至少一个电子装置处接收无线电力的方法,所述至少一个电子装置可进一步接收一个或一个以上广告、可经受至少一个数据挖掘操作或其任何组合。
图7A说明电子装置700的框图,电子装置700可包含任何已知的可以无线方式充电的装置。仅举例来说,电子装置700可包含移动电话、个人计算机、媒体播放器、游戏装置,或其任何组合。仅举例来说,电子装置700可包含接收器(图7A中未展示;参见(例如)图5的接收器300)及至少一个相关联的接收天线702。电子装置700可进一步包括能量存储装置706,能量存储装置706可包含(例如)电池。根据下文更完全描述的一个示范性实施例,电子装置700可包含或可以可操作方式耦合至位置检测组件709(例如,全球定位系统(GPS))。电子装置700可进一步包括存储器703及一个或一个以上处理器701,所述一个或一个以上处理器701用于执行如本文中所描述的本发明的各种示范性实施例。
图7B为电子装置700的另一说明。如图7B中所说明,电子装置700可包括具有输出装置708及输入装置710的用户接口704。如所属领域的一般技术人员将了解,输出装置708可包含经配置以显示音频、视频、文字、图形及其类似者的显示装置。
图8说明无线电力系统750,其包括一个或一个以上电子装置700及实体752,实体752可包含(仅举例来说)服务提供商(即,提供无线电力的实体)、商业机构(例如,咖啡店)或其组合。实体752可包含一个或一个以上无线充电器756,可与一个或一个以上无线充电器756相关联,或其任何组合。每一无线充电器756可包含发射器(图9中未展示;参见(例如)图4的发射器200)及至少一个相关联的发射天线754。无线充电器756可经配置以在相关联的充电区内以无线方式发射电力。此外,由无线充电器756发射的电力可由位于无线充电器752的充电区内的一个或一个以上可以无线方式充电的电子装置接收。
此外,根据一个示范性实施例,无线充电器756可包含显示装置757,显示装置757被配置以显示音频、视频、文字、图形及其类似者。因此,在一个或一个以上电子装置可位于无线充电器756附近(例如,在充电表面上)的示范性实施例中,显示装置757可显示一个或一个以上广告,所述一个或一个以上广告可在用户的电子装置正在接收无线电力之前及/或同时由用户观看。
根据本发明的一个示范性实施例,可将无线电力从无线充电器756传送至至少一个电子装置700。此外,应注意,在使得能够将无线电力发射到所述至少一个电子装置700之前,实体752可能需要所述至少一个电子装置700的用户同意如由实体752确定的至少一个条件。换句话说,在使得能够将无线电力发射到所述至少一个电子装置700之前,实体752可能需要所述至少一个电子装置700的用户同意对所述至少一个电子装置700执行一个或一个以上操作。
此外,在将无线电力转移到所述至少一个电子装置700之前或同时,实体752可导致对电子装置700执行一个或一个以上操作。作为一个实例,在将无线电力转移到所述至少一个电子装置700之前或同时,实体752可向所述至少一个电子装置发射一个或一个以上广告。应注意,所述一个或一个以上广告可经由发射无线电力的通道或另一通信信道来发射。此外,实体752可导致由电子装置700来传送(例如,显示)发射到电子装置700的所述一个或一个以上广告。应注意,实体也可导致传送先前存储于电子装置700上的一个或一个以上广告。根据一个示范性实施例,接收一个或一个以上广告、信息或应用程序可为接收无线电力的条件。根据另一示范性实施例,观看一个或一个以上广告可为接收无线电力的条件。此外,条件可能要求用户观看广告且提供指示所述用户已观察所述广告的有意义的反馈(例如,响应于问题)。
应进一步注意,所述一个或一个以上广告可包含任何已知且合适的格式。更具体来说,所述一个或一个以上广告可为与接收装置(例如,电子装置700)兼容的形式。仅举例来说,所述一个或一个以上广告可包含文字、音频、视频、图像或其任何组合。换句话说,所述一个或一个以上广告可包含一个或一个以上文本文件、一个或一个以上音频文件、一个或一个以上视频文件、一个或一个以上图像,或其组合。因此,电子装置700可通过输出装置708传送(例如,在听觉上或在视觉上)所述一个或一个以上广告。应注意,广告可包含交互式广告,其中用户可“单击”广告以存取关于所述广告的额外信息。
此外,应注意,根据一个示范性实施例,无线充电器756可在将所述一个或一个以上广告发射到电子装置700之前、期间或之后将无线电力传送至电子装置700。作为一个实例,无线充电器756可在以下各种情况下将无线电力传送至电子装置700:在将所述一个或一个以上广告发射到电子装置700的同时,在将所述一个或一个以上广告发射到电子装置700之后,或其组合。根据另一示范性实施例,无线充电器756可在由电子装置700传送(例如,显示)所述一个或一个以上广告之前、期间或之后将无线电力传送至电子装置700。作为一个实例,无线充电器756可在以下各种情况下将无线电力传送至电子装置700:在由电子装置700传送所述一个或一个以上广告的同时,在已由电子装置700传送所述一个或一个以上广告之后,或其组合。
如上文所提及,感知一个或一个以上广告可为接收无线电力的条件。可使用各种方法来确保用户感知所述一个或一个以上广告。举例来说,可能要求用户在观看所述一个或一个以上广告之后提供手动反馈。作为一个实例,可能要求用户完成关于广告的问卷。换句话说,可能要求用户回答一个或一个以上基于广告的问题。作为另一实例,可能要求用户单击图片(即,使用指针)以继续接收无线电力。此外,应注意,可能要求用户在接收无线电力之前或在发生事件时(例如,在特定量的时间消逝之后或在已接收特定量的无线电力之后)接收或观看广告。此外,根据一个示范性实施例,用户可同意常规地接受广告(例如,以月为单位)来换取特定量的无线电力,或可能换取无限量的无线电力。
作为另一实例,在将无线电力转移到所述至少一个电子装置700之前或同时,实体752可被配置以对电子装置700执行一个或一个以上数据挖掘操作以搜集各种形式的信息。举例来说,所搜集的信息可与电子装置700相关联(例如,装置的类型、装置的位置、所安装的程序等)、与装置的用户相关联(例如,年龄、性别、用户偏好、用户属性、在线历史等)。因此,作为一个实例,实体752可搜集信息,所述信息可包括(例如)利用无线电力服务的个体的人口统计。此外,实体752可利用所搜集的数据来剖析一个或一个以上用户,如所属领域的一般技术人员将理解。
因此,作为一个实例,无论何时装置(电子装置700)接收无线电力,实体752均可收集与装置或装置的用户相关联的信息(例如,用户(例如,顾客)的无线电力使用习惯)。更具体来说,例如,实体752可收集关于以下各者的信息:谁正在充电(即,谁为顾客),用户在哪里充电,用户何时充电,用户充多少电,或其任何组合。应进一步注意,无线充电器756可在对电子装置700执行所述一个或一个以上数据挖掘操作之前、期间或之后将无线电力传送至电子装置700。作为一个实例,无线充电器756可在以下各种情况下将无线电力传送至电子装置700:在执行所述一个或一个以上数据挖掘操作的同时,在执行所述一个或一个以上数据挖掘操作之后,或其组合。
此外,如所属领域的一般技术人员将了解,通过一个或一个以上数据挖掘操作而收集的数据可用于各种目的。根据一个示范性实施例,所收集的数据中的至少一些数据可由实体752利用以改善、修改或调节实体服务。举例来说,提供无线电力的实体752可搜集特定区域的关于无线电力需求的信息。因此,实体752可在彼等区域中提供额外的或改善的无线电力系统。作为另一实例,可将所收集的信息中的至少一些信息出售给一个或一个以上其他实体。作为又一实例,所收集的信息中的至少一些信息可由实体752利用以向用户发送一个或一个以上广告,其中所述一个或一个以上广告可包括与所收集的数据相关联的主题。另外,可根据所收集的数据来确定发送广告的时间。举例来说,所述一个或一个以上广告可包括与用户的充电行为相关联的主题。作为更特定实例,如果实体752收集了关于在周一及周五(自下午六点至下午七点)在GroceryMart处对装置充电的用户的数据,则实体752可在周一及周五(自下午四点至下午五点)向用户发射用于各种产品的一个或一个以上广告。举例来说,所述广告可为标准邮件、电子邮件或弹出式(pop-up)互联网广告的形式。
根据电子装置700耦合至位置检测组件709(例如,全球定位系统“GPS”)的示范性实施例,可收集与装置的位置有关的数据。因此,实体752可实时地向电子装置700发射与定位于用户的当前区域中的商铺相关联的一个或一个以上广告。举例来说,如果用户正在沿着公路的服务站处接收无线充电,那么实体752可向用户发射与公路附近的旅游景点或餐馆有关的一个或一个以上广告。在用户利用无线电力且接入互联网的另一实例中,实体752可能能够收集与用户的在线活动有关的数据。结果,实体752可向用户发送与其在线活动相关联的广告。
此外,也应注意,可建立介于电子装置(例如,电子装置700)与实体752之间的链路(例如,通信链路)。因此,在链路存在于实体752与电子装置700之间的任何时间,实体752可导致对电子装置700执行一个或一个以上操作(例如,可在电子装置上传送一个或一个以上广告,可对电子装置执行一个或一个以上数据挖掘操作,或其任何组合)。
根据本发明的其他示范性实施例,现在将描述与验证满足一个或一个以上条件有关的方法。根据一个示范性实施例,可在充电器与待充电的装置之间通过与充电通道分离的通信信道实现验证。可提供一次验证、周期性地提供验证,或以所定义的间隔提供验证。此外,可通过以下各方式来提供验证:经由相关联的充电通道(不管是否分时),经由在充电通道附近的通信信道,或通过调制充电通道(例如,借助于可变负载,如RFID中惯例的)。
图9为说明根据一个或一个以上示范性实施例的方法980的流程图。方法980可包括导致对至少一个电子装置执行至少一个操作(通过数字982描绘)。方法980可进一步包括将无线电力转移到所述至少一个电子装置(通过数字984描绘)。
图10为说明根据一个或一个以上示范性实施例的另一方法986的流程图。方法986可包括将无线电力转移到至少一个电子装置(通过数字987描绘)。方法986可进一步包括以下各者中的至少一者:导致由所述至少一个电子装置传送至少一个广告,及获取与至少一个电子装置相关联的信息(通过数字988描绘)。
图11为说明根据一个或一个以上示范性实施例的又一方法989的流程图。方法989可包括接收对至少一个无线电力接入实体所需条件的接受(通过数字996描绘)。方法989可进一步包括基于对所述至少一个无线电力接入实体所需条件的所述接受而将无线电力转移到至少一个电子装置(通过数字990描绘)。
参看图12中的流程图,说明根据一个或一个以上示范性实施例的另一方法991。方法991可包括同意无线电力提供商的至少一个条件(通过数字992描绘)。方法991可进一步包括在电子装置处接收无线电力(通过数字993描绘)。
图13为说明根据一个或一个以上示范性实施例的又一方法994的流程图。方法994接受与无线电力发射相关联的实体的至少一个条件(通过数字995描绘)。所述方法可进一步包括在接受所述至少一个条件后随即在电子装置处接收无线电力(通过数字997描绘)。
如上文所提及,本文中所描述的示范性实施例可适用于涉及远场辐射、近场辐射、电感、谐振或任何其他类似无线电力技术的无线充电。
所属领域的技术人员将理解,可使用各种不同技术及技艺中的任一者来表示信息及信号。举例来说,可通过电压、电流、电磁波、磁场或磁粒子、光场或光粒子或其任何组合来表示可能遍及以上描述而引用的数据、指令、命令、信息、信号、位、符号及小片。
所属领域的技术人员将进一步了解,结合本文中所揭示的示范性实施例所描述的各种说明性逻辑区块、模块、电路及算法步骤可实施为电子硬件、计算机软件或两者的组合。为了清楚地说明硬件与软件的此可互换性,上文已通常在功能性方面描述各种说明性组件、区块、模块、电路及步骤。此种功能性实施为硬件抑或软件取决于特定应用及强加于整个系统的设计约束。所属领域的技术人员可针对每一特定应用以不同方式来实施所描述的功能性,但这些实施决策不应被解释为会造成偏离本发明的示范性实施例的范畴。
可使用以下各者来实施或执行结合本文中所揭示的示范性实施例所描述的各种说明性逻辑区块、模块及电路:通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其他可编程逻辑装置、离散门或晶体管逻辑、离散硬件组件,或其经设计以执行本文中所描述的功能的任何组合。通用处理器可为微处理器,但或者,处理器可为任何常规的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器也可实施为计算装置的组合,例如,DSP与微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、结合DSP核心的一个或一个以上微处理器,或任何其他此类配置。
结合本文中所揭示的示范性实施例所描述的方法或算法的步骤可直接体现于硬件中、由处理器执行的软件模块中,或两者的组合中。软件模块可常驻于随机存取存储器(RAM)、快闪存储器、只读存储器(ROM)、电可编程ROM(EPROM)、电可擦除可编程ROM(EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、活动磁盘、CD-ROM或此项技术中已知的任何其他形式的存储媒体中。示范性存储媒体耦合至处理器以使得处理器可自所述存储媒体读取信息及将信息写入至所述存储媒体。或者,存储媒体可集成至处理器。处理器及存储媒体可常驻于ASIC中。ASIC可常驻于用户终端中。或者,处理器及存储媒体可作为离散组件而常驻于用户终端中。
在一个或一个以上示范性实施例中,可以硬件、软件、固件或其任何组合实施所描述的功能。如果以软件实施,则所述功能可作为一个或一个以上指令或代码存储于计算机可读媒体上或经由计算机可读媒体来传输。计算机可读媒体包括计算机存储媒体与通信媒体两者,通信媒体包括促进计算机程序自一处至另一处的传送的任何媒体。存储媒体可为可由计算机存取的任何可用媒体。举例来说且并非限制,这些计算机可读媒体可包含RAM、ROM、EEPROM、CD-ROM或其他光盘存储器、磁盘存储器或其他磁性存储装置,或可用以载运或存储呈指令或数据结构形式的所需程序代码并可由计算机存取的任何其他媒体。且,将任何连接适当地称为计算机可读媒体。举例来说,如果使用同轴电缆、光纤缆线、双绞线、数字用户线路(DSL)或例如红外线、无线电及微波的无线技术自网站、服务器或其他远程源发射软件,那么同轴电缆、光纤缆线、双绞线、DSL或例如红外线、无线电及微波的无线技术包括于媒体的定义中。如本文中所使用,磁盘及光盘包括光盘(CD)、激光唱片、光学光盘、数字多功能光盘(DVD)、软磁盘及蓝光光盘,其中磁盘通常以磁性方式再生数据,而光盘使用激光以光学方式再生数据。上述各者的组合也应包括在计算机可读媒体的范畴内。
提供对所揭示的示范性实施例的先前描述以使所属领域的任何技术人员能够制造或使用本发明。所属领域的技术人员将易于显而易见对这些示范性实施例的各种修改,且在不偏离本发明的精神或范畴的情况下,可将本文中所界定的一般原理应用于其他实施例。因此,本发明不欲限于本文中所展示的示范性实施例,而应符合与本文中所揭示的原理及新颖特征相一致的最广泛范畴。
Claims (36)
1.一种用于无线电力转移的方法,所述方法包含:
在充电器接收对所述充电器在电子装置上执行数据挖掘操作以接收与所述电子装置的用户的兴趣、所述电子装置的用户的行为、所述电子装置的用户的年龄、所述电子装置的用户的性别或所述电子装置的用户的在线历史中的至少之一有关的数据的接受;
由充电器接收源自所述电子装置中的数据;
假如所述数据由所述充电器从所述电子装置接收到,那么从所述充电器无线地转移无线电力到所述电子装置;
向所述电子装置发射至少一个广告,所述广告是基于所接收的数据来选择的;以及
接收表示所述电子装置的所述用户已观看所述广告的指示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所接收的数据还与所述电子装置的位置有关,且其中所述广告与位于所述电子装置的当前区域中的商铺相关联。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所接收的数据用于数据挖掘。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其进一步包含使用所接收的数据来产生所述电子装置的所述用户的简档。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中无线地转移电力到所述电子装置包含在接收到所述电子装置的用户已观看所述广告的指示之后无线地转移电力。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其进一步包含建立所述电子装置与远程实体之间的通信链路。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中接收所述数据包含在也用于无线地转移电力到所述电子装置的通道上接收所述数据。
8.一种用于无线电力转移的无线电力充电器装置,所述装置包含:
处理器,其被配置成:
接收对在电子装置上执行数据挖掘操作以接收与所述电子装置的用户的兴趣、所述电子装置的用户的行为、所述电子装置的用户的年龄、所述电子装置的用户的性别或所述电子装置的用户的在线历史中的至少之一有关的数据的接受,
接收源自所述电子装置所述数据,
向所述电子装置发射至少一个广告,所述广告是基于所接收的数据来选择的,
接收表示所述电子装置的用户已观看所述广告的指示;以及
电力发射器,其被配置成假如从所述电子装置接收到所述数据,那么无线地转移电力到所述电子装置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所接收的数据还与所述电子装置的位置有关,且其中所述广告与位于所述电子装置的当前区域中的商铺相关联。
10.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所接收的数据用于数据挖掘。
11.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述处理器进一步被配置成使用所接收的数据来产生所述电子装置的所述用户的简档。
12.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述电力发射器被配置成在接收到所述电子装置的用户已观看所述广告的指示之后无线地转移电力。
13.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述处理器进一步被配置成建立所述电子装置与远程实体之间的通信链路。
14.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述处理器被配置成在也用于无线地转移电力到所述电子装置的通道上接收所述数据。
15.一种用于无线电力转移的充电器设备,所述充电器设备包含:
用于接收对所述充电器设备在电子装置上执行数据挖掘操作以接收与所述电子装置的用户的兴趣、所述电子装置的用户的行为、所述电子装置的用户的年龄、所述电子装置的用户的性别或所述电子装置的用户的在线历史中的至少之一有关的数据的接受的装置;
用于接收源自所述电子装置所述数据的装置;
用于假如从所述电子装置接收到所述数据,那么无线地转移电力到所述电子装置的装置;
用于向所述电子装置发射至少一个广告的装置,所述广告是基于所接收的数据来选择的;以及
用于接收所述电子装置的所述用户已观看所述广告的指示的装置。
16.根据权利要求15所述的充电器设备,其中所接收的数据关于所述电子装置的位置,且其中所述广告与位于所述电子装置的当前区域中的商铺相关联。
17.根据权利要求15所述的充电器设备,其中所接收的数据用于数据挖掘。
18.根据权利要求15所述的充电器设备,其进一步包含用于使用所接收的数据来产生所述电子装置的所述用户的简档的装置。
19.根据权利要求15所述的充电器设备,其中用于无线转移电力到所述电子装置的所述装置包含用于在接收到所述电子装置的用户已观看所述广告的指示之后无线地转移电力的装置。
20.根据权利要求15所述的充电器设备,其进一步包含用于建立所述电子装置与远程实体之间的通信链路的装置。
21.根据权利要求15所述的充电器设备,其中用于接收所述数据的所述装置包含用于在也用于无线地转移电力到所述电子装置的通道上接收所述数据的装置。
22.根据权利要求15所述的充电器设备,其中所述接收装置包含处理器,且其中所述无线转移装置包含电力发射器。
23.一种接收无线电力的方法,所述方法包含:
从电子装置向充电器发射对所述充电器在所述电子装置上执行数据挖掘操作以接收与所述电子装置的用户的兴趣、所述电子装置的用户的行为、所述电子装置的用户的年龄、所述电子装置的用户的性别或所述电子装置的用户的在线历史中的至少之一有关的数据的接受;
向所述充电器发射源自所述电子装置中的数据;
假如所述数据被发射到所述充电器,那么由所述电子装置从所述充电器无线地接收电力;
从所述充电器接收至少一个广告,所述至少一个广告是基于发射到所述充电器的所述数据来选择的;以及
提供所述用户已观看所述广告的指示。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述发射的数据用于数据挖掘。
25.一种电子装置,其包含:
通信电路,其被配置成:
向充电器发射对所述充电器执行数据挖掘操作以接收与所述电子装置的用户的兴趣、所述电子装置的用户的行为、所述电子装置的用户的年龄、所述电子装置的用户的性别或所述电子装置的用户的在线历史中的至少之一有关的数据的接受,
向所述充电器发射所述数据,
从所述充电器接收至少一个广告,所述至少一个广告是基于所述发射的数据来选择的,
提供指示了所述用户已观看所述广告的反馈;以及
无线电力接收器,其被配置成假如所述数据被发射到所述充电器,那么从所述充电器无线地接收电力。
26.根据权利要求25所述的电子装置,其中所述发射的数据用于数据挖掘。
27.一种电子装置,其包含:
用于从电子装置向充电器发射对所述充电器执行数据挖掘操作以接收与所述电子装置的用户的兴趣、所述电子装置的用户的行为、所述电子装置的用户的年龄、所述电子装置的用户的性别或所述电子装置的用户的在线历史中的至少之一有关的数据的接受;
用于向所述充电器发射所述数据的装置;
用于假如所述数据被发射到所述充电器,那么无线地接收从所述充电器发射的电力的装置;
用于从所述充电器接收至少一个广告的装置,所述至少一个广告是基于发射到所述充电器的所述数据来选择的;以及
用于提供所述用户已观看所述广告的指示的装置。
28.根据权利要求27所述的电子装置,其中所述发射的数据用于数据挖掘。
29.根据权利要求27所述的电子装置,其中所述发射装置包含处理器,且其中所述接收装置包含电力接收器。
30.一种无线电力充电器装置,其包含:
显示装置,其被配置成显示至少一个广告;
电力发射电路,其被配置成在显示了所述至少一个广告后,假如至少一个电子装置的用户能够在所述显示装置上观看所述至少一个广告,那么向所述至少一个电子装置无线地发射电力;以及
控制器,所述控制器被配置成从所述用户接收表示所述至少一个广告被观看的指示。
31.根据权利要求30所述的无线电力充电器装置,其中所述广告包含视频广告、音频广告、图形广告或文字广告中的一者。
32.一种转移无线电力的方法,所述方法包含:
在无线充电器的显示装置上显示至少一个广告;
在显示了所述至少一个广告后,假如至少一个电子装置的用户能够在所述显示装置上观看所述至少一个广告,那么向所述至少一个电子装置发射无线电力;
从所述用户接收表示所述至少一个广告被观看的指示。
33.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中所述广告包含视频广告、音频广告、图形广告或文字广告中的一者。
34.一种用于转移无线电力的装置,所述装置包含:
用于显示至少一个广告的装置;
用于在显示了所述至少一个广告后,假如至少一个电子装置的用户能够在所述用于显示的装置上观看所述至少一个广告,那么向所述至少一个电子装置发射无线电力的装置;以及
用于从所述用户接收表示所述至少一个广告被观看的指示的装置。
35.根据权利要求34所述的装置,其中所述广告包含视频广告、音频广告、图形广告或文字广告中的一者。
36.根据权利要求34所述的装置,其中所述显示装置包含显示器,且其中所述发射装置包含电力发射器。
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