JP6450030B2 - 多層構造のポリマー電解質及びこれを含む全固体電池 - Google Patents
多層構造のポリマー電解質及びこれを含む全固体電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6450030B2 JP6450030B2 JP2017558637A JP2017558637A JP6450030B2 JP 6450030 B2 JP6450030 B2 JP 6450030B2 JP 2017558637 A JP2017558637 A JP 2017558637A JP 2017558637 A JP2017558637 A JP 2017558637A JP 6450030 B2 JP6450030 B2 JP 6450030B2
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- polymer electrolyte
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- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 112
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 aliphatic carboxylate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015044 LiB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BEKPOUATRPPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].BCl Chemical compound [Li].BCl BEKPOUATRPPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 49
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- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004972 1-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006017 1-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=O.[Li] Chemical class [Cu]=O.[Li] QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDSMHEZTLOUMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[O].[Co] Chemical class [Li].[O].[Co] IDSMHEZTLOUMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
本願は、韓国特許出願第10−2015−0151630号(出願日:2015年10月30日)及び韓国特許出願第10−2016−0141786号(出願日:2016年10月28日)の先権利益を主張するものであり、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示された全ての内容は本明細書の一部として援用される。
を含む多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質を提供する。
本発明において、第1ポリマー電解質層は、界面抵抗を低くするために適用されるものであり、ポリエチレンオキシド系ポリマー及びリチウム塩のEO:Liのモル比が、1:1〜7:1範囲内で選択して製造する。前述のように、リチウム塩を高い割合でドープ(Dopping)し、1〜5μm厚さで薄膜化して適用すれば、イオン伝導度は若干低くなるが、界面抵抗を顕著に低くすることができる。
本発明において、第2ポリマー電解質層は、機械的強度を高め、デンドライト(Dendrite)生成による現象を防止するために適用されるものであり、ポリエチレンオキシド系ポリマー及びリチウム塩のEO:Liのモル比が、30:1〜8:1範囲内で選択して製造する。このとき、第2ポリマー電解質層の厚さは5〜50μmであってもよい。
電極活物質は、本発明で提示する電極が正極の場合には正極活物質が、負極の場合には負極活物質が用いられる。このとき、各電極活物質は、従来電極に適用される活物質であればいずれも可能であり、本発明では特に限定しない。
以下では、本発明の好ましい実施例及び添付する図面を参照して、本発明を詳細に説明する。しかし、本発明は、下記の実施例によって限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術思想範囲内で様々な変形又は修正ができることはこの分野の通常の技術を有した者には明らかであろう。
<製造例1>
1.アセトニトリル(AN)に、PEO(Mw≒4,000,000)とLiFSIをEO:Li=5:1のモル比になるように混合した。
1.アセトニトリル(AN)に、PEO(Mw≒4,000,000)とLiFSIをEO:Li=20:1のモル比になるように混合した。
1.アセトニトリル(AN)に、PEO(Mw≒4,000,000)とLiFSIをEO:Li=20:1のモル比になるように混合した。
1.アセトニトリル(AN)に、PEO(Mw≒4,000,000)とLiFSIをEO:Li=2:1のモル比になるように混合した。
1.アセトニトリル(AN)に、PEO(Mw≒4,000,000)とLiFSIをEO:Li=12:1のモル比になるように混合した。
前記製造例1及び製造例2の電解質膜を、それぞれ電極(ステンレス、SUS)間に置いて、インピーダンス分析器(Zahner、IM6)を利用して、二つの遮断電極を置いて交流を加えて得られた応答から60℃でのイオン伝導度を測定した結果を下記表1に示した。
<実施例1>
図2に示されるように、リチウム金属表面に、前記製造例1のPEO5−LiFSI膜を適用し、その間に、前記製造例3のPEO20−LiFSI−X膜を適用して、リチウム対称電池(Li symmetric cell)を作製した。
図1に示されるように、リチウム間に、前記製造例3のPEO20−LiFSI−X膜を適用したリチウム対称電池を作製した。
<実施例2>
1.LFP(LiFePO4)活物質と導電材、ポリマー電解質を混合し、孔隙率(Porosity)10%以下、ロード(Loading)2mAh/cm2の正極を10.6cm2の大きさで製造した。
1.LFP(LiFePO4)活物質と導電材、ポリマー電解質を混合し、孔隙率(Porosity)10%以下、ロード(Loading)2mAh/cm2の正極を10.6cm2の大きさで製造した。
1.LFP(LiFePO4)活物質と導電材、ポリマー電解質を混合し、孔隙率(Porosity)10%以下、ロード(Loading)2mAh/cm2の正極を10.6cm2の大きさで製造した。
1.LFP(LiFePO4)活物質と導電材、ポリマー電解質を混合し、孔隙率(Porosity)10%以下、ロード(Loading)2mAh/cm2の正極を10.6cm2の大きさで製造した。
1.LFP(LiFePO4)活物質と導電材、ポリマー電解質を混合し、孔隙率(Porosity)10%以下、ロード(Loading)2mAh/cm2の正極を10.6cm2の大きさで製造した。
前記実施例1と比較例1のリチウム対称電池及び前記実施例3と比較例3、4の全固体電池を電気化学的インピーダンス分光法(EIS:Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy)測定で抵抗を測定した。このように得られた図1及び図2のグラフにおいて、半円形状の線がx軸と会う地点で界面抵抗を確認した。界面抵抗を下記表2に示した。
図4に示されるように、PEO20−LiFSI−Xのみを適用した全固体電池(比較例2、(a))は、正極のロードが高く、リチウムとの界面抵抗もまた高く、放電容量が130mAh/gと十分に発現されなかった。
Claims (11)
- ポリエチレンオキシド系ポリマー及びリチウム塩のEO:Liのモル比が、1:1〜7:1の第1ポリマー電解質層;及び
ポリエチレンオキシド系ポリマー及びリチウム塩のEO:Liのモル比が、30:1〜8:1の第2ポリマー電解質層;
を含む多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。 - 前記第1ポリマー電解質層の厚さは、1〜5μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。
- 前記第2ポリマー電解質層の厚さは、5〜50μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。
- 前記ポリエチレンオキシド系ポリマーの重量平均分子量が、1,000,000〜8,000,000であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。
- 前記リチウム塩が、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiB10Cl10、LiPF6、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、CH3SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、LiSCN、LiC(CF3SO2)3、(CF3SO2)2NLi、(FSO2)2NLi、クロロボランリチウム、低級脂肪族カルボン酸リチウム、4−フェニルホウ酸リチウム、イミド及びこれらの組み合わせから選ばれた1種を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。
- 前記第2ポリマー電解質層は、架橋性単量体によって架橋され、半相互貫入ポリマーネットワークを形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。
- 前記架橋性単量体は、―(CH2―CH2―O)―繰り返し単位を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。
- 前記架橋性単量体は、末端に2個〜8個のアルキレン性不飽和結合を含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。
- 前記架橋性単量体は、前記ポリエチレンオキシド系ポリマー及びリチウム塩に対して、5〜50wt%で含まれることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の多層構造の全固体電池用ポリマー電解質。
- 正極、負極及びこれら間に介在される固体ポリマー電解質を含んで構成される全固体電池において、
前記固体ポリマー電解質は、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のポリマー電解質であることを特徴とする全固体電池。 - 前記第1ポリマー電解質層は、前記負極に対面して配置されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の全固体電池。
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KR101375214B1 (ko) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-03-17 | 주식회사 아모그린텍 | 다성분계 나노 복합산화물 분말을 이용한 박막 전지 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101613511B1 (ko) | 2014-02-26 | 2016-04-19 | 서강대학교산학협력단 | 고체 고분자 전해질 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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