EP3115216B1 - Dispositif de revêtement et procédé de revêtement associé - Google Patents

Dispositif de revêtement et procédé de revêtement associé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3115216B1
EP3115216B1 EP16001689.5A EP16001689A EP3115216B1 EP 3115216 B1 EP3115216 B1 EP 3115216B1 EP 16001689 A EP16001689 A EP 16001689A EP 3115216 B1 EP3115216 B1 EP 3115216B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating agent
coating
print head
nozzles
anyone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16001689.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3115216A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Herre
Hans-Georg Fritz
Steffen Wesselky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Duerr Systems AG
Original Assignee
Duerr Systems AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Duerr Systems AG filed Critical Duerr Systems AG
Priority to EP18151709.5A priority Critical patent/EP3332979B1/fr
Publication of EP3115216A1 publication Critical patent/EP3115216A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
    • B05C11/1005—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material already applied to the surface, e.g. coating thickness, weight or pattern
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
    • B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
    • B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
    • B05C11/1018—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target responsive to distance of target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1036—Means for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials, or several in selected proportions, to the applying apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1044—Apparatus or installations for supplying liquid or other fluent material to several applying apparatus or several dispensing outlets, e.g. to several extrusion nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/027—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
    • B05B12/122—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to presence or shape of target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0431—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0452—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles the conveyed articles being vehicle bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
    • B05B14/40—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
    • B05B14/43—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths by filtering the air charged with excess material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coating process for coating motor vehicle body components, to which the coating agent is applied as adjacent coating agent webs using a print head.
  • the invention further relates to a coating device according to claim 7.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view through a conventional painting system for painting motor vehicle body components.
  • the motor vehicle body components to be painted are transported on a conveyor 1 at right angles to the drawing plane through a painting booth 2, in which the motor vehicle body components are then painted in a conventional manner by painting robots 3, 4.
  • the painting robots 3, 4 have several pivotable robot arms and each guide an application device, such as a rotary atomizer, an air atomizer or a so-called airless device, via a multi-axis robot hand axis.
  • the disadvantage of these known application devices is that the application efficiency is not optimal, so that a part of the sprayed paint, referred to as overspray, does not end up on the motor vehicle body component to be painted and has to be removed from the paint booth 2 with the cabin air.
  • the cabin air then arrives with the The overspray contained therein flows downwards from the paint booth 2 into a washout 7 located below the paint booth 2, in which the overspray is removed again from the booth air and bound to water.
  • the air sinking speed in the paint booth 2 must be at least in the range of approx. 0.3-0.5 m/s in order to quickly remove the overspray that occurs during painting from the paint booth 2.
  • ATEX Atmosphere ex plosible
  • the known application devices cause high investment costs for the necessary washout and the necessary explosion protection due to their unsatisfactory application efficiency and the resulting overspray.
  • the known application devices are also associated with high operating costs due to the loss of paint and the disposal costs for disposing of the overspray.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a corresponding improvement.
  • JP 2000 238254 A already discloses a coating robot with an inkjet print head for printing, for example, a vehicle seat or the side wall of a vehicle with predetermined image patterns.
  • image patterns are usually created in the form of individual pixels.
  • EP 1 449 667 A1 also discloses an inkjet printer with which image pixels with different gray values are to be generated.
  • two adjacent print heads are provided, each of which contains several nozzles of different sizes arranged in a row for generating ink drops of correspondingly different sizes.
  • the nozzles of one print head are larger than the nozzles of the other print head, while in a second exemplary embodiment, both print heads contain alternating large and small nozzles, with large and small nozzles being adjacent in the transverse direction of the row.
  • drops from both print heads are mixed together.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by a coating method according to claim 1 and a coating device according to claim 7.
  • the invention includes the general technical teaching of using an application device with such a high application efficiency that there is no need to wash out the overspray from the cabin air is washed out.
  • An advantage of the coating device according to the invention in the preferred exemplary embodiment is that a separate washout can be dispensed with.
  • the invention is not limited to painting systems that have no washout at all. Rather, by using application devices with a higher application efficiency, there is the possibility of smaller dimensions of the washout if complete elimination is not possible.
  • the application device is a print head, similar to that used in inkjet printers, for example.
  • it can be a bubble jet print head or a piezo print head.
  • the invention is not limited to bubble jet print heads and piezo print heads, but can in principle also be implemented with other ejection mechanisms.
  • the print head ejects the coating agent pneumatically.
  • the individual drops of coating agent can be ejected by short air pulses, which direct the drops of coating agent in the direction of the material to be coated Accelerate the component, which can increase the painting distance.
  • the print head can eject the coating agent either in individual droplets of coating agent or continuously.
  • the coating agent nozzles of the print head continuously ejects the coating agent, whereas another part of the coating agent nozzles of the print head ejects the coating agent in individual coating agent droplets.
  • the print head is positioned by a multi-axis robot, the robot preferably having a plurality of pivotable robot arms and a multi-axis robot hand axis on which the print head is mounted.
  • the print head in the coating device according to the invention preferably has a significantly greater surface coating performance, which is preferably greater than 1m 2 /min., 2m 2 /min., 3 m 2 per minute or 4m 2 /min. is.
  • the print head in the coating device according to the invention must also be able to apply liquid paints that contain solid paint components, such as pigments and so-called metallic flakes (Mika's).
  • solid paint components such as pigments and so-called metallic flakes (Mika's).
  • the individual coating agent nozzles of the print head are therefore preferably adapted in size to the solid paint components, so that the print head can also apply paints with the solid paint components.
  • the application device is also preferably arranged in a painting booth in which the components are coated with the coating agent.
  • painting booths are known from the prior art and therefore do not need to be described in more detail.
  • the print heads used as application devices in the context of the invention have a significantly greater application efficiency than conventional application devices, such as rotary atomizers.
  • the washout located below the painting booth can therefore be made significantly smaller than in conventional painting systems with rotary atomizers as application devices.
  • the high application efficiency of the print heads used as application devices even makes it possible to completely dispense with washing out or other complex filter measures, such as dry separation or similar below the painting booth. There are enough In this case, simple filters that are replaced or cleaned cyclically (e.g. weekly, monthly, semi-annually or annually).
  • the high application efficiency of the printheads used as application devices in the context of the invention makes it possible to dispense with explosion protection measures in accordance with the relevant legal ATEX guidelines, since less overspray is generated and therefore no explosive atmosphere is created during operation. In one embodiment of the invention, no explosion protection is therefore provided in the paint booth.
  • an air suction is preferably provided, which sucks the cabin air out of the painting booth, the suction preferably taking place downwards.
  • the cabin air is preferably sucked out through an air filter, which filters the overspray from the cabin air, whereby the air filter can be designed, for example, as a filter ceiling which is arranged on the floor of the painting booth, so that the cabin air is sucked downwards out of the painting booth through the filter ceiling becomes.
  • the air sinking speed in the paint booth can be lower than in conventional painting systems that use, for example, rotary atomizers as application devices.
  • the air sinking speed in the painting booth can therefore be less than 0.5m/s, 0.4m/s, 0.3m/s, 0.2m/s or 0.1m/s.
  • the print head is assigned at least one color changer, which is connected to the print head on the output side and is supplied with different coating agents on the input side, so that the color changer selects one of the coating agents and feeds the print head with the selected coating agent.
  • the color changer can be supplied with various effect paints on the input side, such as special paints, metallic paints or mica paints.
  • the color changer feeds a group of several coating agent nozzles with the same coating agent on the output side, wherein the coating agent nozzles can be arranged in a row, for example in a row or a column.
  • the color changer is preceded by a color mixer on the input side, which is supplied on the input side with different colored coating materials in the primary colors of a color system (eg CMYK color system).
  • the color mixer can then mix a desired color from the various basic colors of the respective color system and feed it to the color changer for selection.
  • the color changer in this exemplary embodiment is preferably supplied with at least one effect paint, for example a mica paint, a metallic paint and/or a special paint.
  • the color changer can then either select the color mixed together by the color mixer or access one of the effect paints.
  • the coating agent nozzles in the print head can be arranged in rows.
  • a part of the coating agent nozzles of the print head is connected to a first coating agent supply line, while a second part of the coating agent nozzles of the print head is connected to a second coating agent supply line, so that the print head can apply two different coating agents.
  • the coating agent nozzles in the individual rows of nozzles are alternately connected to one coating agent supply line or to the other coating agent supply line.
  • the printing head has at least one separate coating agent nozzle which only applies effect paint with effect particles contained therein.
  • the print head then preferably has at least one further coating agent nozzle which applies normal paint that does not contain any effect particles. The different coating agent nozzles can then be adjusted accordingly.
  • the effect particles e.g. metallic, mica, etc.
  • a separate coating agent nozzle be applied. This means that effects can be applied to the object in a very targeted manner and with local differences. Under certain circumstances, effects can be created that are not even conceivable today. With the new inkjet technology it is possible to place effect particles, for example, only on the surface of the layer.
  • the individual coating agent nozzles of the print head are essentially the same size.
  • adjacent rows of nozzles can be arranged offset from one another in the longitudinal direction, in particular by half the nozzle width, which enables a maximum packing density of the coating agent nozzles in the nozzle head.
  • the individual rows of nozzles are preferably aligned transversely, in particular at right angles to the feed direction of the nozzle head.
  • the print head has nozzle openings of different sizes.
  • rows of nozzles with large coating agent nozzles and rows of nozzles with small coating agent nozzles can be arranged alternately in the print head.
  • the print head is rotatably mounted and rotates during coating.
  • the print head can have coating agent nozzles of different sizes, with the smaller coating agent nozzles preferably being arranged closer to the axis of rotation of the print head than the larger coating agent nozzles.
  • a device e.g. a multi-axis robot
  • a device e.g. a multi-axis robot
  • the surface areas of the printing head that come into contact with the coating agent can be coated with titanium nitride, titanium oxide or chemical nickel or with another layer that is produced in the PVC process (PVC: Physical Vapor Deposition), in the CVD process (CVD: C hemical vapor deposition) or using the anodizing process (eloxal: electrolytic oxidation of aluminum ) or is provided with an “easy-to-clean” coating.
  • a wear-reducing coating such as a DLC coating (DLC: Diamond-like Carbon), a diamond coating, a hard metal or a material combination of a hard and a soft material.
  • the surface areas of the print head that come into contact with the coating agent can be coated with titanium nitride, titanium oxide or chemical nickel or with another layer that is produced in the PVC process (PVC: Physical Vapor Deposition), in the CVD process (CVD: C hemical vapor deposition) or using the anodizing process (eloxal: electrolytic oxidation of aluminum ) or is
  • electrostatic coating agent charging and/or compressed air support can be provided.
  • position detection which detects the spatial position of the print head and/or the component surface to be coated and controls or regulates the positioning of the print head accordingly.
  • the pastes are mixed in a conventional manner in mixing stations and the colors are adjusted. All paints used in the automotive industry (plain, metallic and mica or effect paints) can be produced from these pastes. It is conceivable that these pastes are mixed directly in the atomizer or an upstream device. This has the advantage that only the required amount is provided fully automatically directly before or during application.
  • the individual components can be dosed using the known dosing techniques (pressure regulators, dosing pumps, gear measuring cells, flow measuring cells, piston dosing devices,).
  • the "mixing room” can be a mixing chamber, a piece of tubing or a mixing system (e.g. Keenix mixer). The problem is the very precise dosage of the individual components in order to achieve the exact color. A color sensor can therefore be useful for controlling the dosing unit.
  • inkjet technology can also be used as a dispensing technology.
  • the required amount can be generated from individual droplets, which depend on the opening time of the nozzle and the pressure.
  • These inkjet nozzles in turn mix the color in a mixing room.
  • a sensor which detects the course of a guide track in order to position the print head in relation to the guide track.
  • the senor is attached to the print head or to the robot, but other designs are also possible in principle.
  • the sensor can detect the previous painting path, so that the current painting path can be applied in a specific relative position relative to the previous painting path.
  • the senor is an optical sensor, but other types of sensors are also possible in principle.
  • the aforementioned guide track may also be a separate track applied for guidance purposes only and may, for example, include a normally invisible color that is only visible to the sensor when illuminated with ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) light.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • IR infrared
  • Such a laser measuring system can also record the distance to the surface of the component to be coated and keep it constant as part of a control system.
  • a robot control which has the sensor on the input side and the sensor on the output side is connected to the robot, with the robot control positioning the print head depending on the course of the guideway.
  • the print head has an envelope flow nozzle which emits an envelope stream of air or another gas, the envelope stream enveloping the coating agent stream emitted from the coating agent nozzle in order to atomize or delimit the coating agent drops.
  • this envelope flow in the form of an air curtain can direct the resulting overspray onto the component surface, thereby improving the application efficiency.
  • the print head has a plurality of coating agent nozzles which are arranged next to one another with respect to the web direction, with the outer coating agent nozzles releasing less coating agent than the inner coating agent nozzles, which leads to a corresponding layer thickness distribution transversely to the web direction.
  • Nozzles do not necessarily have to be arranged in a row.
  • the amount of color can be controlled for each nozzle and each pixel. Using different amounts of color, for example: B. the color intensity is also controlled.
  • the layer thickness distribution is a Gaussian normal distribution.
  • the amount of coating agent delivered by the individual coating agent nozzles is selected such that the layer thickness distribution is a trapezoidal distribution.
  • Such a trapezoidal layer thickness distribution is advantageous because the adjacent coating agent webs can overlap one another in such a way that the superimposition of the trapezoidal layer thickness distributions of the adjacent coating agent webs leads to a constant layer thickness.
  • the components to be coated are conveyed along a conveyor path, which is known from the prior art of painting systems and therefore does not need to be described in more detail.
  • a portal spans the conveyor path, with numerous print heads attached to the portal, which are directed at the components on the conveyor path and coat these components.
  • the invention also includes a corresponding coating process, as can already be seen from the above description.
  • the technology according to the invention can also be used for the targeted coating of cut edges of pre-coated sheets, punched blanks or for the efficient sealing of seams and edges
  • FIG. 2 shows a preferred painting system, which is partly similar to that described at the beginning and in Figure 1 conventional painting system shown corresponds, so that to avoid repetitions reference is made to the above description, the same reference numbers being used for corresponding details.
  • a special feature of the preferred painting system is that the painting robots 3, 4 do not have rotary atomizers as application devices, but rather print heads 8, 9, which have a significantly greater application efficiency of more than 95% and therefore generate significantly less overspray.
  • the filter ceiling 11 filters out the slight overspray present in the cabin air without the washout 7 being necessary as in the conventional painting system.
  • the print heads 8, 9 work like conventional print heads according to the piezo principle, but the surface coating performance of the print heads 8, 9 is significantly greater compared to conventional print heads, so that the motor vehicle body components can be painted at a satisfactory working speed.
  • Figure 3 shows a coating agent nozzle 12, which is arranged in the print heads 8, 9 in addition to numerous other coating agent nozzles, the coating agent nozzle 12 being supplied with the coating agent to be applied by a color changer 13.
  • the color changer 13 On the input side, the color changer 13 is connected to a total of seven coating agent feed lines, of which the color changer 13 can select one for supplying the coating agent to the coating agent nozzle 12.
  • the other three coating agent supply lines of the color changer 13 serve against this for supplying a metallic paint, a mica paint and a special paint.
  • the desired color of the coating agent is mixed on the motor vehicle body component to be coated, with either temporal or spatial mixing being possible.
  • droplets of coating agent in the primary colors C, M, Y and K are applied one after the other in the desired color ratio, so that the droplets of coating agent then mix on the motor vehicle body component to be coated.
  • Figure 4A shows a group of coating agent nozzles 16.1-16.5, which are connected together to the output of a color changer 17 and therefore apply the same coating agent during operation.
  • the color changer 17 is connected on the input side to seven coating agent supply lines, with four of the coating agent supply lines supplying the basic colors C, M, Y, K of the CMYK color system, while the other three coating agent supply lines supply a metallic paint, a mica paint or a special paint.
  • a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the color changer 17 is connected on the output side to a total of six coating agent nozzles 16.1-16.6, which thus apply the same coating agent.
  • Another special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the color changer 17 is connected on the input side to only five coating agent supply lines, with four of the coating agent supply lines supplying the basic colors C, M, Y, K of the CMYK color system, whereas the fifth coating agent supply line supplies a special paint.
  • a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the color changer 17 is connected on the input side to a color mixer 18, the color mixer 18 being connected on the input side to four coating agent supply lines, which supply the four primary colors C, M, Y, K of the CMYK color system.
  • the color mixer 18 can therefore mix any color tone from the four basic colors C, M, Y, K and feed it to the color changer 17.
  • the color changer 17 can optionally also supply coating agent nozzles 16.2, 16.3 and possibly also other coating agent nozzles that are not shown in the drawing.
  • a special feature of the exemplary embodiment Fig. 6 consists in that coating agent nozzles 16.1-16.4 are jointly supplied with the coating agent to be applied by a color mixer 25, the color mixer 25 being supplied on the input side with the primary colors C, M, Y, K of the CMYK color system and mixing a desired color according to the control , which is then applied by the coating agent nozzles 16.1-16.4.
  • the coating agent nozzle 16.5, on the other hand, is connected via the color changer 17 to color lines which can supply metallic paints, mica paints or special paints.
  • a special feature of the exemplary embodiment Fig. 7 is that the individual rows of nozzles 19.1-19.4 are not supplied with different basic colors, but with a mixed coating agent that is mixed together by a color mixer 26 from the basic colors C, M, Y and K.
  • Figure 8 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a nozzle arrangement in the print heads 8, 9, with four rows of nozzles 28.1-28.4 being shown here, each of which has numerous coating agent nozzles 29. All coating agent nozzles 29 and all coating agent rows 28.1-28.4 are supplied together with the same coating agent by a color changer 30.
  • the color changer 30 is connected to three special color supply lines, via which three special paints S1, S2, S3 are supplied.
  • the color changer 30 is connected on the input side to a color mixer 31, which mixes a desired color tone from the primary colors, C, M, Y, K and makes it available to the color changer 30 for selection.
  • a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that all coating agent nozzles 29 in all nozzle rows 28.1-28.4 are connected to a common coating agent supply line 31, via which the same coating agent is supplied.
  • Figure 10 shows a diagram for painting a sharp edge 39. It can be seen from this that the edge 39 is composed of different sized coating agent surfaces 40, 41, 42, with the different sized coating agent surfaces 40-42 being generated by correspondingly differently sized coating agent nozzles.
  • Figure 11 shows schematically a rotatable print head 43 with four large coating agent nozzles 44 and numerous smaller coating agent nozzles 45, the larger coating agent nozzles 44 being arranged on the outside with respect to the axis of rotation of the print head 43, while the smaller coating agent nozzles 45 are located on the inside with respect to the axis of rotation of the print head 43.
  • Figure 12 a printhead assembly 46 with a total of four printheads 47-50, which are pivotable relative to one another to enable better adaptation to the surface of a curved component 51.
  • Figure 13 shows a pixel 52 that can be printed onto a component 53 using a print head, the pixel 52 being shown individually in the drawing for simplicity. In practice, however, numerous pixels 52 are applied.
  • the pixel 52 consists of several layers 54-57 which are arranged one above the other.
  • the three lower layers 55-57 consist of the primary colors red, green and blue of the RGB color system.
  • the lower layers consist of the primary colors of another color system, such as the CMYK color system.
  • the layers 55-57 lying one above the other then produce a specific color tone through subtractive color mixing.
  • the top layer on the other hand, consists of a semi-transparent metallic paint to achieve a metallic effect.
  • Figure 14 shows, in a greatly simplified form, a coating device according to the invention with a multi-axis robot 58, which moves a print head 59 along predetermined coating agent paths over a component surface 60, the robot 58 being controlled by a robot controller 61.
  • the robot controller 61 controls the robot 58 in such a way that the print head 59 is guided over the component surface 60 along predetermined coating agent paths, with the coating agent paths lying next to each other in a meandering manner.
  • a special feature here is that an optical sensor 62 is additionally attached to the printing head 59, which detects the position and course of the previous coating agent web during operation, so that the current coating agent web can be aligned exactly with the previous coating agent web.
  • Figure 15 shows, in a greatly simplified form, a variant of a coating device according to the invention with three separate coating agent feeds 63-65, each of which supplies a component of the coating agent to be applied.
  • the coating agent feeds 63-65 are connected on the output side to a mixer 66, which mixes the individual components together to form a coating agent mixture, which is then fed to a print head 67.
  • the mixing of the various components of the coating agent takes place before application by the print head 67.
  • Figure 16 shows, in a simplified form, a print head 68, which applies three different components of a coating agent separately to the component surface, with the individual components only being mixed on the component surface.
  • Figure 17 shows in schematic form a print head 69 for applying coating agent drops 70 to a component surface 71.
  • the print head 69 has a coating agent nozzle 72 from which the individual coating agent drops 70 are ejected pneumatically or in some other way.
  • the print head 69 has an envelope flow nozzle 73, which surrounds the coating agent nozzle 72 in a ring and emits an annular envelope stream that surrounds the individual coating agent drops 70.
  • this serves to atomize or delimit the individual coating agent drops 70.
  • the envelope flow emitted by the envelope flow nozzle 73 directs any overspray towards the component surface 71 and thereby improves the application efficiency.
  • Figure 18 also shows, in a very simplified form, a print head 69 according to the invention, which is partly connected to the print head 69 according to Figure 17 corresponds, so that to avoid repetitions reference is made to the above description, with the same reference numbers being used for corresponding details.
  • a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the individual coating agent drops 70 are ejected pneumatically from the coating agent nozzle 72, the coating agent drops 70 being accelerated pneumatically, whereby the maximum possible painting distance is increased, since the individual coating agent drops 70 are correspondingly larger due to the pneumatic acceleration have genetic energy.
  • Figure 19 shows, in a highly simplified form, a print head 74 during the application of two adjacent paint lanes, the position of the print head 74 in the current paint lane being marked without an apostrophe, whereas the position of the print head 74 'in the previous paint lane is marked with an apostrophe.
  • the print head 74 has a plurality of coating agent nozzles 75, which are arranged next to one another transversely to the web direction, with the outer coating agent nozzles 75 releasing less coating agent than the inner coating agent nozzles 75.
  • the print head 74 produces a trapezoidal layer thickness distribution 76 on the component surface. This is advantageous because The trapezoidal layer thickness distribution 76 is then superimposed on the likewise trapezoidal layer thickness distribution 76' of the previous painting strip, which leads to a constant layer thickness.
  • Figure 20 shows in a simplified form a coating device according to the invention, in which the components 77 to be painted are transported along a linear conveyor path 78 through a painting booth, which is known from the prior art and therefore does not need to be described in more detail.
  • the conveyor path 78 is spanned by a portal 79, with numerous print heads 80 being attached to the portal, which are directed at the components 77 on the conveyor path 78 and coat them with a coating agent.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Procédé de revêtement pour le revêtement de composants de carrosseries de véhicules automobiles sur lesquels le produit de revêtement est appliqué sous la forme de bandes de produit de revêtement adjacentes avec une tête d'impression (8, 9, 74), qui est monté sur l'axe du poignet d'un robot multiaxial (3, 4) et éjecte le produit de revêtement à partir de plusieurs buses de produit de revêtement (75),
    et dans lequel les buses de produit de revêtement (75) de la tête d'impression (8, 9, 74) sont juxtaposées dans la direction d'une bande de produit de revêtement appliquée et les buses de produit de revêtement externes (75) distribuent moins de produit de revêtement que les buses de produit de revêtement internes (75).
  2. Procédé de revêtement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tête d'impression (74) applique une bande de produit de revêtement avec une distribution d'épaisseur de couche (76) transversale par rapport à la direction de la bande, qui est une distribution trapézoïdale ou une distribution gaussienne normale.
  3. Procédé de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tête d'impression (8, 9) présente une performance de revêtement de surface d'au moins 1 m2/min, 2 m2/min, 3 m2/min, 4 m2/min ou 5 m2/min.
  4. Procédé de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    le produit de revêtement contient une peinture liquide et des pigments, des paillettes métalliques ou d'autres composants de peinture solides, et en ce que les buses de produit de revêtement de la tête d'impression (8, 9) sont suffisamment grandes pour appliquer la peinture avec les composants solides de la peinture qui s'y trouvent.
  5. Procédé de revêtement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les buses de produit de revêtement (75) de la tête d'impression (8, 9, 74) sont reliées conjointement avec une conduite d'alimentation de produit de revêtement, par l'intermédiaire de laquelle le produit de revêtement à appliquer est alimenté.
  6. Procédé de revêtement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    a) mesure de la position spatiale de la tête d'impression (8, 9) et/ou de la surface du composant à revêtir,
    b) contrôle et/ou régulation de la position spatiale de la tête d'impression (8, 9) en fonction de la position déterminée.
  7. Dispositif de revêtement pour le revêtement de composants de carrosseries de véhicules automobiles avec un robot multiaxial (3, 4), sur l'axe de poignet duquel est monté un appareil d'application, qui applique le produit de revêtement sous la forme de bandes de produit de revêtement,
    caractérisé en ce que l'appareil d'application est une tête d'impression (8, 9, 74), qui éjecte le produit de revêtement à partir de plusieurs buses de produit de revêtement (75), qui sont juxtaposées dans la direction d'une bande de produit de revêtement appliquée,
    et en ce que la tête d'impression (8, 9) comprend des buses de produit de revêtement de différentes tailles, dans lequel les buses de produit de revêtement externes (75) distribuent moins de produit de revêtement que les buses de produit de revêtement internes (75).
  8. Dispositif de revêtement selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les buses de produit de revêtement (75) sont disposées dans une rangée ou dans plusieurs rangées.
  9. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications 7 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les buses de produit de revêtement (75) de la tête d'impression (8, 9, 74) sont reliées conjointement avec une conduite d'alimentation de produit de revêtement par l'intermédiaire de laquelle le produit de revêtement à appliquer est alimenté.
  10. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 9 avec une cabine de peinture, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de l'air dans la cabine de peinture (2) pendant le fonctionnement est inférieure à 0,3 m/s, 0,2 m/s, 0,1 m/s, 70 cm/s ou 50 cm/s.
  11. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que
    a) la tête d'impression (8, 9) est disposée dans une cabine de peinture (2) dans laquelle les composants sont revêtus avec le produit de revêtement,
    b) sous la cabine de peinture (2) n'est disposée aucun dispositif de lessivage (7) qui lessive, dans les installations de peinture conventionnelles, la pulvérisation en excès hors de l'air de la cabine se trouvant dans la cabine de peinture (2),
    c) le dispositif de revêtement n'est pas protégé contre les explosions,
    d) une aspiration d'air (10) est prévue, qui aspire l'air de la cabine hors de la cabine de peinture (2) vers le bas et/ou par des canaux latéraux et/ou
    e) un filtre à air (11) est prévu, qui est disposé en amont de l'aspiration d'air (10) et filtre la pulvérisation en excès hors de l'air de la cabine et le filtre à air (11) est conçu comme un plafond filtrant qui est disposé sur le sol de la cabine de peinture (2) de sorte que l'air de la cabine est aspiré à travers le plafond filtrant (11) hors de la cabine de peinture (2).
  12. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'alimentation en produit de revêtement commune et alimentée par un changeur de couleur.
  13. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la tête d'impression (8, 9, 43) est logée de manière rotative autour d'un axe de rotation et tourne, pendant le revêtement ou entre des processus de revêtement successifs, et/ou les petites buses de produit de revêtement (45) sont disposées plus près de l'axe de rotation de la tête d'impression (8, 9, 43) que les grandes buses de produit de revêtement (44).
  14. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 13, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs appareils d'application sont prévus, qui sont conçus comme des têtes d'impression,
    et/ou, pour le revêtement de surfaces de composants incurvés, plusieurs têtes d'impression (47 - 50) sont prévues, qui peuvent pivoter les unes par rapport aux autres.
  15. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 14, caractérisé par un dispositif de charge électrostatique de produit de revêtement et/ou une assistance à air comprimé afin d'améliorer le rendement d'application de la tête d'impression (8, 9).
  16. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 15, caractérisé par une détection de position pour la mesure de la position spatiale de la tête d'impression (8, 9) et/ou de la surface de composant à revêtir.
  17. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 16, caractérisé par un capteur (62), qui est positionné par le robot (58) conjointement avec la tête d'impression (59) et mesure l'extension d'une bande de guidage sur le composant à revêtir (60), et une commande de robot (61), qui est reliée, côté entrée avec le capteur (62) et, côté sortie, avec le robot (58), dans lequel la commande de robot (61) positionne la tête d'impression (59) en fonctionne de l'extension de la bande de guidage.
  18. Dispositif de revêtement selon la revendication 17,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le capteur (62) est un capteur optique et/ou
    la bande de guidage est une bande de produit de revêtement appliquée précédemment ou
    la bande de guidage contient un produit de revêtement, qui n'est reconnaissable que lors de l'éclairage avec une lumière UV ou une lumière IR.
  19. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 18, caractérisé en ce que la tête d'impression (69) comprend une buse à flux d'enveloppe (73) la buse à flux d'enveloppe (73) distribue un flux d'enveloppe constitué d'air ou d'un autre gaz et
    le flux d'enveloppe entoure le produit de revêtement distribué à partir de la buse de produit de revêtement.
  20. Dispositif de revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes 7 à 19, caractérisé en ce que la tête d'impression (74) comprend plusieurs buses de produit de revêtement (75) qui sont juxtaposées le long d'une direction de bande,
    et les buses de produit de revêtement externes (75) distribuent moins de produit de revêtement que les buses de produit de revêtement internes (75).
EP16001689.5A 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revêtement et procédé de revêtement associé Active EP3115216B1 (fr)

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Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102008053178A DE102008053178A1 (de) 2008-10-24 2008-10-24 Beschichtungseinrichtung und zugehöriges Beschichtungsverfahren
PCT/EP2009/007448 WO2010046064A1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revêtement, et procédé de revêtement correspondant
EP09737368.2A EP2337688B8 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revêtement, et procédé de revêtement correspondant

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EP09737368.2A Division EP2337688B8 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revêtement, et procédé de revêtement correspondant
EP09737368.2A Division-Into EP2337688B8 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revêtement, et procédé de revêtement correspondant

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EP18151709.5A Division-Into EP3332979B1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revetement et procede de revetement associe
EP18151709.5A Division EP3332979B1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revetement et procede de revetement associe

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EP3115216A1 EP3115216A1 (fr) 2017-01-11
EP3115216B1 true EP3115216B1 (fr) 2023-11-29

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EP16001689.5A Active EP3115216B1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revêtement et procédé de revêtement associé
EP16001687.9A Active EP3112176B1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revetement et procede de revetement associe
EP09737368.2A Active EP2337688B8 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revêtement, et procédé de revêtement correspondant
EP18151709.5A Active EP3332979B1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revetement et procede de revetement associe
EP16001688.7A Active EP3112177B1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revetement et procede de revetement associe

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EP09737368.2A Active EP2337688B8 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revêtement, et procédé de revêtement correspondant
EP18151709.5A Active EP3332979B1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revetement et procede de revetement associe
EP16001688.7A Active EP3112177B1 (fr) 2008-10-24 2009-10-16 Dispositif de revetement et procede de revetement associe

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US (3) US10150304B2 (fr)
EP (5) EP3115216B1 (fr)
JP (5) JP5976320B2 (fr)
CN (4) CN106079913B (fr)
DE (1) DE102008053178A1 (fr)
ES (5) ES2606508T3 (fr)
HU (4) HUE032462T2 (fr)
PL (2) PL3112177T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010046064A1 (fr)

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EP2337688A1 (fr) 2011-06-29
CN102224012A (zh) 2011-10-19
CN102224012B (zh) 2016-08-03
EP3112177A1 (fr) 2017-01-04
WO2010046064A1 (fr) 2010-04-29
ES2606508T3 (es) 2017-03-24
JP2016175077A (ja) 2016-10-06
US20190193421A1 (en) 2019-06-27
ES2971867T3 (es) 2024-06-10
US20180250955A1 (en) 2018-09-06
DE102008053178A1 (de) 2010-05-12
PL3112177T3 (pl) 2019-06-28
ES2717502T3 (es) 2019-06-21
JP6335993B2 (ja) 2018-05-30
CN106000730B (zh) 2019-07-02
CN106079912A (zh) 2016-11-09
US11241889B2 (en) 2022-02-08
JP2012506305A (ja) 2012-03-15
JP6130950B2 (ja) 2017-05-17
US10150304B2 (en) 2018-12-11
EP3332979A1 (fr) 2018-06-13
EP3112177B1 (fr) 2019-01-09
CN106000730A (zh) 2016-10-12
CN106079913B (zh) 2018-11-30
ES2820650T3 (es) 2021-04-21
HUE052081T2 (hu) 2021-04-28
JP2017035691A (ja) 2017-02-16
EP3115216A1 (fr) 2017-01-11
ES2837857T3 (es) 2021-07-01
EP2337688B1 (fr) 2016-09-14
CN106079913A (zh) 2016-11-09
EP3332979B1 (fr) 2020-10-07
JP6335992B2 (ja) 2018-05-30
JP2017035692A (ja) 2017-02-16
EP3112176A1 (fr) 2017-01-04
CN106079912B (zh) 2018-06-01
HUE051586T2 (hu) 2021-03-01
US10814643B2 (en) 2020-10-27
EP3112176B1 (fr) 2020-08-12
JP6335991B2 (ja) 2018-05-30
HUE043677T2 (hu) 2019-09-30
JP2017035693A (ja) 2017-02-16
US20110262622A1 (en) 2011-10-27
HUE032462T2 (en) 2017-09-28
EP2337688B8 (fr) 2016-11-09
PL2337688T3 (pl) 2017-02-28
JP5976320B2 (ja) 2016-08-23

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