WO2015098377A1 - 半導体装置とその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015098377A1 WO2015098377A1 PCT/JP2014/080677 JP2014080677W WO2015098377A1 WO 2015098377 A1 WO2015098377 A1 WO 2015098377A1 JP 2014080677 W JP2014080677 W JP 2014080677W WO 2015098377 A1 WO2015098377 A1 WO 2015098377A1
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
- H01L29/861—Diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
- H01L29/861—Diodes
- H01L29/8613—Mesa PN junction diodes
Definitions
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-238872 describes a semiconductor device in which an IGBT region and a diode region are formed on the same semiconductor substrate.
- a lifetime control region is formed across the IGBT region and the diode region.
- the lifetime control region has a peak of crystal defect density in the drift layer at a position deeper than the lower end of the trench gate provided in the IGBT region. The reverse recovery characteristics of the diode region are improved by the lifetime control region.
- the lifetime control region is preferably formed in a position as close as possible to the boundary between the body layer and the drift layer in the drift layer.
- the position where the trench gate is formed overlaps with the position where the lifetime control region is formed.
- an interface state is formed between the gate insulating film of the trench gate and the semiconductor substrate in contact therewith. Since carriers are trapped by the interface state, the threshold voltages of the plurality of trench gates are different, and the variation in the threshold voltage of each trench gate is increased.
- a first semiconductor device disclosed in this specification includes a semiconductor substrate in which an IGBT region and a diode region are formed, an interlayer insulating film and a surface electrode formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a back surface of the semiconductor substrate. And a back electrode formed.
- the IGBT region has a first conductivity type collector layer, a second conductivity type first drift layer provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the collector layer, and a first drift layer.
- a first body layer of a first conductivity type provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate, a part of which is exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a second body layer provided on the surface of the first body layer and exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- a conductive type emitter layer and a trench gate that penetrates the first body layer from the surface side of the semiconductor substrate and reaches the first drift layer are provided.
- the diode region is provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the second conductivity type cathode layer and the cathode layer, and the second conductivity type second drift having a lower impurity concentration of the second conductivity type than the cathode layer.
- a second body layer of the first conductivity type provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the second drift region.
- the interlayer insulating film insulates the trench gate from the surface electrode.
- a lifetime control region including a peak of crystal defect density is formed in the first drift layer and the second drift layer located between the depth of the trench gate and the surfaces of the first drift layer and the second drift layer.
- a silicon nitride film layer is further provided above the trench gate on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate.
- the surface of said 1st drift layer means the interface of a 1st drift layer and a 1st body layer.
- the surface of said 2nd drift layer means the interface of a 2nd drift layer and a 2nd body layer.
- peak of crystal defect density means the maximum value of the crystal defect density distribution in the depth direction in the first drift layer or the second drift layer. Further, the “peak of crystal defect density” is preferably the maximum value in the crystal defect density distribution.
- hydrogen atoms are supplied from the silicon nitride film layer provided above the trench gate on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate, and the interface states are terminated and reduced by hydrogen. Variation in threshold voltage of the trench gate is suppressed. It is possible to achieve both suppression of variations in threshold voltage of the trench gate and improvement of reverse recovery characteristics of the diode region.
- the silicon nitride film layer may be provided above the emitter layer. Further, the silicon nitride film layer may include an opening that opens above the first body layer.
- a second semiconductor device disclosed in this specification includes a semiconductor substrate in which an IGBT region and a diode region are formed, an interlayer insulating film and a surface electrode formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a back surface of the semiconductor substrate. And a back electrode formed.
- the IGBT region has a first conductivity type collector layer, a second conductivity type first drift layer provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the collector layer, and a first drift layer.
- a first body layer of a first conductivity type provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate, a part of which is exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a second body layer provided on the surface of the first body layer and exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- a conductive type emitter layer and a trench gate that penetrates the first body layer from the surface side of the semiconductor substrate and reaches the first drift layer are provided.
- the diode region is provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the second conductivity type cathode layer and the cathode layer, and the second conductivity type second drift having a lower impurity concentration of the second conductivity type than the cathode layer.
- a second body layer of the first conductivity type provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the second drift region.
- the interlayer insulating film insulates the trench gate from the surface electrode.
- a lifetime control region including a peak of crystal defect density is formed in the first drift layer and the second drift layer located between the depth of the lower end of the trench gate and the surfaces of the first drift layer and the second drift layer.
- the surface electrode includes an Al-based electrode layer and a barrier metal layer, and the barrier metal layer is provided between the portion of the first body layer exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate and the Al-based electrode layer, Moreover, it is not provided between the trench gate and the Al-based electrode layer.
- the second semiconductor device described above since hydrogen atoms are supplied from the Al-based electrode layer and the interface states are terminated and reduced, variations in the threshold voltage of the trench gate are suppressed.
- a barrier metal layer that easily adsorbs hydrogen atoms is formed between a portion of the first body layer exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate at a position relatively far from the trench gate to which hydrogen atoms are supplied and an Al-based electrode layer. It is provided between the trench gate to which the hydrogen atom is supplied and the Al-based electrode layer. For this reason, the supply of hydrogen atoms from the Al-based electrode layer to the trench gate is not hindered by the barrier metal layer. While ensuring the effect obtained by providing a barrier metal layer, hydrogen atoms can be supplied to the trench gate, suppressing variations in threshold voltage of the trench gate and improving reverse recovery characteristics of the diode region And both.
- the present specification also includes a semiconductor substrate on which an IGBT region and a diode region are formed, an interlayer insulating film and a surface electrode formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a back electrode formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device provided with this is disclosed.
- the IGBT region has a first conductivity type collector layer, a second conductivity type first drift layer provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the collector layer, and a first drift layer.
- a first body layer of a first conductivity type provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate, a part of which is exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a second body layer provided on the surface of the first body layer and exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- a conductive type emitter layer and a trench gate that penetrates the first body layer from the surface side of the semiconductor substrate and reaches the first drift layer are provided.
- the diode region is provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the second conductivity type cathode layer and the cathode layer, and the second conductivity type second drift having a lower impurity concentration of the second conductivity type than the cathode layer.
- a second body layer of the first conductivity type provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the second drift region.
- the interlayer insulating film insulates the trench gate from the surface electrode.
- a lifetime control region including a peak of crystal defect density is formed in the first drift layer and the second drift layer located between the depth of the lower end of the trench gate and the surfaces of the first drift layer and the second drift layer.
- a trench gate is formed in a semiconductor substrate, a silicon nitride film layer is formed on the surface side of the trench gate, and the silicon nitride film layer is present, from the depth at the lower end of the trench gate, A region positioned between the surfaces of the first drift layer and the second drift layer is irradiated with charged particles, and after the charged particles are irradiated, the semiconductor substrate is annealed in a state where the silicon nitride film layer exists.
- the lifetime control region is formed in a state where the silicon nitride film layer exists on the surface side of the trench gate. Termination of the interface state by hydrogen atoms supplied from the silicon nitride film layer proceeds particularly effectively during annealing, so that the interface state can be effectively reduced.
- the present specification also includes a semiconductor substrate on which an IGBT region and a diode region are formed, an interlayer insulating film and a surface electrode formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a back electrode formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device provided with this is disclosed.
- the IGBT region has a first conductivity type collector layer, a second conductivity type first drift layer provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the collector layer, and a first drift layer.
- a first body layer of a first conductivity type provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate, a part of which is exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a second body layer provided on the surface of the first body layer and exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- a conductive type emitter layer and a trench gate that penetrates the first body layer from the surface side of the semiconductor substrate and reaches the first drift layer are provided.
- the diode region is provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the second conductivity type cathode layer and the cathode layer, and the second conductivity type second drift having a lower impurity concentration of the second conductivity type than the cathode layer.
- a second body layer of the first conductivity type provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate with respect to the second drift region.
- the interlayer insulating film insulates the trench gate from the surface electrode.
- a lifetime control region including a peak of crystal defect density is formed in the first drift layer and the second drift layer located between the depth of the lower end of the trench gate and the surfaces of the first drift layer and the second drift layer.
- the surface electrode includes an Al-based electrode layer and a barrier metal layer.
- a trench gate is formed in a semiconductor substrate, provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate, at least in a portion exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate of the first body layer, and on the surface side of the trench gate Forming an opening, barrier metal layer, An Al-based electrode layer is formed further on the surface side of the barrier metal layer, and the surface of the first drift layer and the second drift layer is determined from the depth at the lower end of the trench gate in the state where the barrier metal layer and the Al-based electrode layer are present. After irradiating the region positioned between the charged particles and irradiating the charged particles, the semiconductor substrate is annealed in a state where the barrier metal layer and the Al-based electrode layer exist.
- the lifetime control region is formed in a state where the barrier metal layer and the Al-based electrode layer exist on the surface side of the trench gate. Termination of the interface state by hydrogen atoms supplied from the Al-based electrode layer proceeds particularly effectively during annealing, so that the interface state can be effectively reduced.
- the barrier metal layer that easily adsorbs hydrogen atoms is opened on the surface side of the trench gate to which hydrogen atoms are supplied, the supply of hydrogen atoms from the Al-based electrode layer to the trench gate is performed by the barrier metal layer. I can't interfere.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a semiconductor device according to Example 1.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a semiconductor substrate of a semiconductor device according to Example 1.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a semiconductor device according to Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device which concerns on a modification.
- 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a semiconductor device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to Example 2.
- the semiconductor device 10 includes a semiconductor substrate 100 in which an IGBT region 11 and a diode region 12 are formed, and an interlayer insulation formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100.
- a film 135, a surface electrode 121, a silicon nitride film layer 143, and a back electrode 120 formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 100 are provided.
- the surface electrode 121 is a composite electrode layer in which an Al—Si based electrode layer, a Ni based electrode layer, a solder bonding layer, and the like are laminated in this order from the semiconductor substrate 100 side.
- the back electrode 120 is a composite electrode layer in which an Al-based electrode layer, a Ti-based electrode layer, a Ni-based electrode layer, a solder joint layer, and the like are laminated.
- the IGBT region 11 includes a p-type collector layer 101, an n-type buffer layer 103 in contact with the surface of the collector layer 101, an n-type drift layer 104 in contact with the surface of the buffer layer 103, and a semiconductor with respect to the drift layer 104.
- a p-type body layer 105 provided on the surface side of the substrate 100, a body contact layer 109 provided on the surface of the body layer 105 and exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100, and provided on the surface of the body layer 105.
- An n-type emitter layer 107 exposed on the surface of the substrate 100 and a trench gate 130 that penetrates the body layer 105 from the surface side of the semiconductor substrate 100 and reaches the drift layer 104 are provided. As shown in FIG.
- the emitter layer 107 has a ladder shape extending along the longitudinal direction of the trench gate 130, and the body contact layer 109 is a ladder shape of the emitter layer 107. Adjacent to be fitted between.
- the emitter layer 107 has a portion 107 a extending along the trench gate 130 and a portion 107 b extending in the short direction (direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction) of the trench gate 130.
- the portion 107b connects between two trench gates 130 adjacent to each other in the lateral direction between the two portions 107a extending along the respective trench gates 130, and is surrounded by the portions 107a and 107b.
- a body contact layer 109 is disposed in the region to be formed. In FIG.
- the trench gate 130 includes a trench 131 formed in the semiconductor substrate 100, a gate insulating film 132 formed on the inner wall of the trench 131, and a gate electrode filled in the trench 131 while being covered with the gate insulating film 132. 133.
- the interlayer insulating film 135 covers the surface of the trench gate 130 and a part of the emitter layer 107 on the side close to the trench gate 130, and insulates the gate electrode 133 and the surface electrode 121.
- the surface electrode 121 is in contact with portions of the emitter layer 107 and the body contact layer 109 that are exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100.
- the silicon nitride film layer 143 is formed on a part of the surface of the surface electrode 121 in the IGBT region 11.
- the silicon nitride film 143 is located above the trench gate 130 and above the emitter layer 107 (here, “upper” means a position on the surface side along the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 100, and in FIG. It is not formed above the body contact layer 109.
- the silicon nitride film layer 143 has an opening 145 that opens above the body contact layer 109. In the opening 145, the surface electrode 121 is exposed.
- the diode region 12 includes an n-type cathode layer 102, an n-type buffer layer 103 in contact with the surface of the cathode layer 102, an n-type drift layer 104 in contact with the surface of the buffer layer 103, and a semiconductor with respect to the drift layer 104.
- a p-type body layer 105 provided on the surface side of the substrate 100 and an anode layer 106 provided on the surface of the body layer 105 and exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100 are provided.
- the anode layer 106 is provided on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100 so as to occupy a space between adjacent trench gates in the longitudinal direction.
- the diode region 12 is provided with a trench gate 130 that penetrates the body layer 105 from the surface side of the semiconductor substrate 100 and reaches the drift layer 104.
- the silicon nitride film layer 143 is a portion of the anode layer 106 closest to the IGBT region 11 whose surface is covered with the interlayer insulating film 135. Only formed.
- the surface electrode 121 is in contact with a portion of the anode layer 106 exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the drift layer 104 is lower than the n-type impurity concentration of the cathode layer 102.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the drift layer 104 is preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 14 atoms / cm 3 .
- the buffer layer 103, the drift layer 104, and the body layer 105 are each formed as one layer over both the IGBT region 11 and the diode region 12.
- a portion included in the IGBT region 11 is an example of a first drift layer
- a portion included in the diode region 12 is an example of a second drift layer.
- the portion included in the IGBT region of body layer 105 and body contact layer 109 are an example of a first body layer.
- the portion included in the diode region 12 of the body layer 105 and the anode layer 106 are an example of a second body layer.
- a lifetime control region 150 is formed in the drift layer 104 across the IGBT region 11 and the diode region 12.
- the lifetime control region 150 is a region having a higher crystal defect density than the surroundings.
- the lifetime control region 150 has a peak of crystal defect density. That is, when the crystal defect density distribution in the depth direction in the drift layer 104 is measured, the region where the maximum value (preferably the maximum value) of the crystal defect density distribution exists is the lifetime control region 150. .
- the lifetime control region 150 exists at a position shallower than the depth of the lower end of the trench gate 130 and the depth of the lower end of the trench gate 130 (that is, the depth of the lower end of the trench gate 130). In the drift layer 104).
- the average value of the crystal defect density in the drift layer 104 existing at a position shallower than the depth of the lower end of the trench gate 130 is the crystal defect density of the drift layer 104 existing at a position deeper than the depth of the lower end of the trench gate 130. Higher than average.
- the carrier lifetime is effectively attenuated. Thereby, the reverse recovery characteristic of the diode region 12 is improved.
- the lifetime control region 150 is formed in the drift layer 104 at a position close to the boundary between the body layer 105 and the drift layer 104, so that the reverse recovery characteristic of the diode region 12 is particularly effective. It becomes good.
- the depth at which the trench gate 130 is formed partially overlaps with the depth at which the lifetime control region 150 is formed, and the gate insulating film 132 of the trench gate 130 and the semiconductor substrate in contact therewith.
- An interface state is likely to be generated with respect to 100.
- the threshold voltage of the gate of the IGBT is not stable, and the variation in the threshold voltage becomes large during mass production of the IGBT.
- the semiconductor device 10 is manufactured, the interface state is terminated and reduced by the hydrogen atoms supplied from the silicon nitride film layer 143. For this reason, variation in the threshold voltage of the trench gate 130 is suppressed. According to the semiconductor device 10, it is possible to achieve both suppression of variation in threshold voltage of the trench gate 130 and improvement of reverse recovery characteristics of the diode region 12.
- a raw material wafer 90 is prepared.
- the body layer 105, the anode layer 106, the emitter layer 107, and the body contact layer 109 are formed on the surface side of an n-type silicon wafer by using a conventionally known method such as ion implantation and annealing.
- the n layer 904 is a portion of the n-type silicon wafer where ions are not implanted, and is a layer that becomes the drift layer 104 of the semiconductor device 10.
- the trench gate 130 and the interlayer insulating film 135 are formed by using a conventionally known method such as etching, thermal oxidation, and CVD. Thereby, the raw material wafer 90 shown in FIG. 4 can be manufactured.
- a pyrogenic oxidation method using water vapor as an oxidizing species can be preferably used.
- a gate insulating film containing a large amount of water can be formed.
- a surface electrode 121 is formed on the surface of the raw material wafer 90.
- the surface electrode 121 is formed to a thickness that further covers the surface of the interlayer insulating film 135 formed on the surface of the trench gate 130.
- a silicon nitride film layer 943 is formed on the surface of the surface electrode 121 using a conventionally known film formation method such as CVD. The silicon nitride film layer 943 is formed to cover the entire surface electrode 121.
- the back surface of the raw material wafer 90 is cut to reduce its thickness, and then ion implantation is performed on the back surface.
- a p-type ion implantation layer 901, an n-type ion implantation layer 902, and an n-type ion implantation layer 903 are formed on the back surface side of the raw material wafer 90.
- charged particles are introduced into the drift layer 104 from the back surface side of the raw material wafer 90. Irradiate.
- the position where the charged particles are irradiated is adjusted so that a peak of crystal defect density is included in a region between the depth of the lower end of the trench gate 130 and the boundary between the drift layer 104 and the body layer 105.
- some charged particles are injected into the gate insulating film 132. Therefore, when ion implantation is performed, an interface state is likely to be generated between the gate insulating film 132 and the semiconductor substrate 100 in contact therewith.
- the crystal defects may be formed by irradiating the drift layer through the trench gate from the surface side.
- annealing for stabilizing crystal defects is performed to form the lifetime control region 150.
- the p-type ion implantation layer 901, the n-type ion implantation layer 902, and the n-type ion implantation layer 903 are also annealed, and the p-type collector layer 101, the n-type cathode layer 102, and the n-type ion implantation layer 903, respectively.
- the buffer layer 103 is formed.
- the annealing process is performed in such a state where the silicon nitride film layer 943 exists, hydrogen atoms are supplied from the silicon nitride film layer 943 into the semiconductor substrate 100.
- the supplied hydrogen atoms effectively terminate the interface states existing at the boundary between the gate insulating film 132 and the semiconductor substrate 100, and can effectively reduce the interface states.
- the interface state is also terminated by hydrogen atoms supplied from the gate insulating film 132 containing a large amount of water, and the interface is more effectively The level can be reduced.
- the silicon nitride film layer 943 is partially removed by a conventionally known method such as etching.
- the silicon nitride film layer 943 formed above the anode layer 106 and the body contact layer 109 is removed to form a silicon nitride film layer 143 patterned in the same shape as in FIG.
- the semiconductor device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 can be manufactured by forming the back electrode 120 on the back surface of the raw material wafer 90 shown in FIG.
- the manufacturing method in which the silicon nitride film layer 943 is partially removed after annealing for stabilizing crystal defects has been described.
- the silicon nitride film layer 943 is completely removed, The effect of reducing the interface state by hydrogen atoms supplied from the silicon nitride film layer 943 can be obtained.
- the case where the surface electrode 121 is a composite electrode not including a barrier metal layer has been described as an example.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a composite electrode layer including a barrier metal layer formed on the whole or a part of the boundary surface with the semiconductor substrate 100 may be used. Even when a barrier metal layer that easily adsorbs hydrogen atoms is used, since hydrogen atoms are supplied from the silicon nitride film layer and compensated, variations in the threshold voltage of the trench gate can be suppressed.
- the silicon nitride film only needs to be formed above the trench gate 130 and above the emitter layer 107, and need not be formed above the surface electrode 121. Even if the silicon nitride film is disposed below or inside the surface electrode 121, the effect of the present invention can be obtained.
- a silicon nitride film 143a may be disposed below the surface electrode 121 as in the semiconductor device 10a shown in FIG. The silicon nitride film 143a is formed below the surface electrode 121, above the trench gate 130 and above the emitter layer 107, and not above the body contact layer 109.
- the silicon nitride film 143a covers the surface and side surfaces of the interlayer insulating film 135 provided in the IGBT region 11, and covers the portion of the surface of the emitter layer 107 that is not covered by the interlayer insulating film 135.
- the silicon nitride film layer 143 a is not formed on the surface of the body contact layer 109, and has an opening 145 a that opens on the surface side of the body contact layer 109.
- the silicon nitride film layer 143 a is formed only in a portion of the anode layer 106 closest to the IGBT region 11 whose surface is covered with the interlayer insulating film 135.
- the surface electrode 121 further covers the surface of the silicon nitride film layer 143a, and is in contact with the surface of the body contact layer 109 through the opening 145a of the silicon nitride film layer 143a. Further, the surface electrode 121 is in contact with a portion of the anode layer 106 exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100.
- the back electrode 120 is in contact with the collector layer 101.
- the silicon nitride film layer 143 is not formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100 and the surface of the interlayer insulating film 135, and the surface electrode is formed of an Al-based electrode layer 221 and a barrier metal.
- the semiconductor device 10 is different from the semiconductor device 10 in that the layer 244 is included.
- a Ni-based electrode layer and a solder bonding layer are further laminated on the surface of the Al-based electrode layer as a part of the surface electrode.
- the Al-based electrode layer 221 is made of an electrode material mainly composed of aluminum, such as Al or Al—Si alloy, which is usually used in the semiconductor field, and these electrode materials are capable of supplying hydrogen atoms. Known for being expensive.
- the barrier metal layer 244 is formed in the diode region 12 so as to cover the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100 and the surface of the interlayer insulating film 135.
- the barrier metal layer 244 is formed in the IGBT region 11 at a position that covers the surface of the body contact layer 109, and is not formed at a position that covers the surface of the emitter layer 107 and the surface of the interlayer insulating film 135. That is, the barrier metal layer 244 is provided between a portion of the first body layer (the body layer 105 in the diode region 12) exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100 and the Al-based electrode layer 221, and the IGBT region 11. It is not provided between the inner trench gate 130 and the Al-based electrode layer 221.
- barrier metal layer 244 As a material of the barrier metal layer 244, a material used as a conventionally known barrier metal such as titanium (Ti), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium tungsten (TiW), or the like can be used. Since other configurations are the same as those of the semiconductor device 10, description thereof is omitted.
- the lifetime control region 150 is formed in the vicinity of the lower end of the trench gate 130.
- hydrogen atoms are supplied from the Al-based electrode layer 221, and the interface states existing at the boundary between the gate insulating film 132 and the semiconductor substrate 100 are terminated. Reduce. For this reason, variation in the threshold voltage of the trench gate 130 is suppressed.
- a barrier metal layer 244 that easily adsorbs hydrogen atoms is provided in the IGBT region 11 between a portion of the body contact layer 109 exposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 100 and the Al-based electrode layer 221; and It is not provided between the trench gate 130 and the Al-based electrode layer 221. That is, the barrier metal layer 244 is formed only at a position relatively distant from the trench gate 130 provided in the IGBT region 11 to which hydrogen atoms are supplied. Therefore, in the IGBT region 11, the supply of hydrogen atoms from the Al-based electrode layer 221 to the trench gate 130 is not hindered by the barrier metal layer 244.
- the semiconductor device 20 it is possible to supply hydrogen atoms to the trench gate 130 provided in the IGBT region 11 while ensuring the effects (such as prevention of Al spikes) obtained by providing the barrier metal layer 244. Thus, variations in the threshold voltage of the trench gate 130 during the operation of the IGBT region 11 can be suppressed.
- a raw material wafer 90 shown in FIG. 4 is prepared by the same method as in the first embodiment. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, a barrier metal layer 244 is formed by sputtering or the like. The barrier metal layer 244 is patterned so as to be in contact with the surface of the anode layer 106 and the surface of the body contact layer 109 and to be opened on the surface side of the trench gate 130.
- an Al-based electrode layer 221 is formed on the surface of the barrier metal layer 244 by sputtering or the like.
- the back surface of the raw material wafer 90 is cut to reduce its thickness, and then ion implantation is performed on the back surface.
- a p-type ion implantation layer 901, an n-type ion implantation layer 902, and an n-type ion implantation layer 903 are formed on the back surface side of the raw material wafer 90.
- the drift layer 104 is formed. Irradiate charged particles. The position where the charged particles are irradiated is adjusted so that a peak of crystal defect density is included in a region between the depth of the lower end of the trench gate 130 and the boundary between the drift layer 104 and the body layer 105. When charged particles are irradiated in this way, some charged particles are injected into the gate insulating film 132. Therefore, when ion implantation is performed, an interface state is likely to be generated between the gate insulating film 132 and the semiconductor substrate 100 in contact therewith.
- annealing for stabilizing crystal defects is performed to form the lifetime control region 150.
- a p-type collector layer 101, an n-type cathode layer 102, and an n-type buffer layer 103 are formed.
- hydrogen atoms are supplied from the Al-based electrode layer 221 into the semiconductor substrate 100. The supplied hydrogen atoms effectively terminate the interface states existing at the boundary between the gate insulating film 132 and the semiconductor substrate 100, and can effectively reduce the interface states.
- the barrier metal layer 244 that easily adsorbs hydrogen atoms is opened on the surface side of the trench gate 130 to which hydrogen atoms are supplied, supply of hydrogen atoms from the Al-based electrode layer 221 to the trench gate 130 is prevented. It is not hindered by the barrier metal layer 244.
- the semiconductor device 20 may further be provided with the silicon nitride film layer 143 described in the first embodiment.
- the interface state is also terminated by hydrogen atoms supplied from the silicon nitride film 143, and the interface state can be more effectively reduced.
- the surface electrode may further include a contact plug layer 254 provided between the barrier metal layer 244a and the Al-based electrode layer 221.
- the contact plug layer 254 is formed on the surface side of the barrier metal layer 244a provided in the IGBT region 11 so as to be embedded in the recess of the barrier metal layer 244a, and the surface is covered with the Al-based electrode layer 221. It has been broken.
- tungsten or the like can be preferably used as tungsten or the like.
- a contact plug layer 254 is embedded in the recess of the barrier metal layer 244, and the surfaces of the barrier metal layer 244a, the contact plug layer 254, and the interlayer insulating film 135 are planarized, and the adhesion between these layers and the Al-based electrode layer 221 is improved. Can be improved.
- the semiconductor device 20a performs the process of forming the contact plug layer 254 after forming the barrier metal layer 224a by the same process as the process of forming the barrier metal layer 224 in the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 20, and then the semiconductor device It can manufacture by performing the process of forming the Al type electrode layer 221 in 20 manufacturing processes. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 19, a metal film (for example, a tungsten film) used as a material for the contact plug layer 254 is formed on the surface of the raw material wafer 90b after the barrier metal layer 224a is formed by sputtering or the like.
- a metal film for example, a tungsten film
- the semiconductor device 20a can be manufactured by performing the same steps as those described in Embodiment 2 with reference to FIGS.
- the structure of the IGBT region and the diode region described in the above embodiments and modifications is merely an example, and the technique described in this application is applied to a semiconductor device having a structure of an IGBT region other than the above and a structure of a diode. can do.
- the structure on the surface side of the drift layer 104 may be the same in the IGBT region 11 and the diode region 12.
- the diode region 12 of the semiconductor device 10b includes a diode emitter layer 157 and a diode body contact layer 159.
- the diode emitter layer 157 and the diode body contact layer 159 are patterned in the same manner as the emitter layer 107 and the body contact layer 109, respectively. Since the structure of the semiconductor device 10b on the surface side of the drift layer 104 is similarly patterned in the IGBT region 11 and the diode region 12, the manufacturing process is simplified. Furthermore, in the semiconductor device 10b, the silicon nitride film layer 143 is formed only above the IGBT region 11, but may be formed above the trench gate 130 and above the diode emitter layer 157 in the diode region 12. (Not shown).
- a semiconductor substrate 100c patterned like a semiconductor device 10c shown in FIGS. 21-23 may be provided.
- the semiconductor substrate 100c is viewed in plan, the emitter layers 167 and body contact layers 169 in the IGBT region 11 are alternately arranged along the longitudinal direction of the trench gate 130 as shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor device 10c is cut perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the trench gate 130, only the emitter layer 167 appears between the adjacent trench gates 130 in the IGBT region 11, as shown in FIG. In some cases, only the body contact layer 169 appears (not shown).
- the silicon nitride film layer 143c is formed on the surface of the surface electrode 121 in the IGBT region 11, and is open near the center position between the adjacent trench gates 130. An opening 145c is formed. A part of the emitter layer 167 and a part of the body contact layer 169 are located below the opening 145c. Like the semiconductor device 10c, the silicon nitride film layer 143c may not be formed vertically above a part of the emitter layer 167, or may be formed vertically above a part of the body contact layer 169. Good.
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Abstract
Description
バリアメタル層のさらに表面側にAl系電極層を形成し、バリアメタル層およびAl系電極層が存在する状態で、トレンチゲートの下端の深さから、第1ドリフト層および第2ドリフト層の表面の間に位置する領域に荷電粒子を照射し、荷電粒子を照射した後に、バリアメタル層およびAl系電極層が存在する状態で半導体基板をアニールする。
実施例1においては、結晶欠陥を安定化させるためのアニールを行った後で、シリコン窒化膜層943を一部除去する製造方法について説明したが、シリコン窒化膜層943を全部除去しても、シリコン窒化膜層943から供給された水素原子による界面準位の低減の効果を得ることはできる。この場合、図1-図3に示す半導体装置10から、シリコン窒化膜層143を除去した構成を有する半導体装置が製造される。また、実施例1では、表面電極121がバリアメタル層を含まない複合電極である場合を例示して説明したが、これに限定されない。表面電極121に替えて、半導体基板100との境界面の全体もしくは一部に形成されたバリアメタル層を含む複合電極層を用いることもできる。水素原子を吸着し易いバリアメタル層を用いた場合であっても、シリコン窒化膜層から水素原子が供給されて補われるため、トレンチゲートの閾値電圧のばらつきを抑制できる。
なお、半導体装置20に、実施例1で説明したシリコン窒化膜層143をさらに設けることもできる。シリコン窒化膜143によってから供給された水素原子によっても界面準位が終端化され、より効果的に界面準位を低減することができる。
Claims (5)
- IGBT領域と、ダイオード領域とが形成されている半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の表面に形成された層間絶縁膜および表面電極と、
前記半導体基板の裏面に形成された裏面電極とを備えた半導体装置であって、
前記IGBT領域は、
第1導電型のコレクタ層と、
前記コレクタ層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられた第2導電型の第1ドリフト層と、
前記第1ドリフト層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられ、その一部が前記半導体基板の表面に露出する第1導電型の第1ボディ層と、
前記第1ボディ層の表面に設けられ、前記半導体基板の表面に露出する第2導電型のエミッタ層と、
前記半導体基板の表面側から前記第1ボディ層を貫通して前記第1ドリフト層に達するトレンチゲートとを備えており、
前記ダイオード領域は、
第2導電型のカソード層と、
前記カソード層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられており、前記カソード層よりも第2導電型の不純物濃度が低い第2導電型の第2ドリフト層と、
前記第2ドリフト領域に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられた第1導電型の第2ボディ層とを備えており、
前記層間絶縁膜は、前記トレンチゲートと前記表面電極とを絶縁しており、
前記トレンチゲートの下端の深さと、前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層の表面の間に位置する前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層に、結晶欠陥密度のピークを含むライフタイム制御領域が形成されており、
前記半導体基板の表面側の前記トレンチゲートの上方に、シリコン窒化膜層がさらに設けられている、半導体装置。 - 前記シリコン窒化膜層は、前記エミッタ層の上方に設けられており、
前記シリコン窒化膜層は、前記第1ボディ層の上方において開口する開口部を備えている請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - IGBT領域と、ダイオード領域とが形成されている半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の表面に形成された層間絶縁膜および表面電極と、
前記半導体基板の裏面に形成された裏面電極とを備えた半導体装置であって、
前記IGBT領域は、
第1導電型のコレクタ層と、
前記コレクタ層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられた第2導電型の第1ドリフト層と、
前記第1ドリフト層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられ、その一部が前記半導体基板の表面に露出する第1導電型の第1ボディ層と、
前記第1ボディ層の表面に設けられ、前記半導体基板の表面に露出する第2導電型のエミッタ層と、
前記半導体基板の表面側から前記第1ボディ層を貫通して前記第1ドリフト層に達するトレンチゲートとを備えており、
前記ダイオード領域は、
第2導電型のカソード層と、
前記カソード層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられており、前記カソード層よりも第2導電型の不純物濃度が低い第2導電型の第2ドリフト層と、
前記第2ドリフト領域に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられた第1導電型の第2ボディ層とを備えており、
前記層間絶縁膜は、前記トレンチゲートと前記表面電極とを絶縁しており、
前記トレンチゲートの下端の深さと、前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層の表面の間に位置する前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層に、結晶欠陥密度のピークを含むライフタイム制御領域が形成されており、
前記表面電極は、Al系電極層と、バリアメタル層と、を含んでおり、
前記バリアメタル層は、前記第1ボディ層の前記半導体基板の表面に露出する部分と前記Al系電極層との間に設けられ、かつ、前記トレンチゲートと前記Al系電極層との間に設けられていない、半導体装置。 - IGBT領域と、ダイオード領域とが形成されている半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の表面に形成された層間絶縁膜および表面電極と、
前記半導体基板の裏面に形成された裏面電極とを備えた半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記IGBT領域は、
第1導電型のコレクタ層と、
前記コレクタ層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられた第2導電型の第1ドリフト層と、
前記第1ドリフト層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられ、その一部が前記半導体基板の表面に露出する第1導電型の第1ボディ層と、
前記第1ボディ層の表面に設けられ、前記半導体基板の表面に露出する第2導電型のエミッタ層と、
前記半導体基板の表面側から前記第1ボディ層を貫通して前記第1ドリフト層に達するトレンチゲートとを備えており、
前記ダイオード領域は、
第2導電型のカソード層と、
前記カソード層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられており、前記カソード層よりも第2導電型の不純物濃度が低い第2導電型の第2ドリフト層と、
前記第2ドリフト領域に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられた第1導電型の第2ボディ層とを備えており、
前記層間絶縁膜は、前記トレンチゲートと前記表面電極とを絶縁しており、
前記トレンチゲートの下端の深さから、前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層の表面の間に位置する前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層に、結晶欠陥密度のピークを含むライフタイム制御領域が形成されており、
前記半導体装置の製造方法は、
前記半導体基板に前記トレンチゲートを形成し、
前記トレンチゲートの表面側にシリコン窒化膜層を形成し、
前記シリコン窒化膜層が存在する状態で、前記トレンチゲートの下端の深さから、前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層の表面の間に位置する領域に荷電粒子を照射し、
前記荷電粒子を照射した後に、前記シリコン窒化膜層が存在する状態で前記半導体基板をアニールする、
半導体装置の製造方法。 - IGBT領域と、ダイオード領域とが形成されている半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の表面に形成された層間絶縁膜および表面電極と、
前記半導体基板の裏面に形成された裏面電極とを備えた半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記IGBT領域は、
第1導電型のコレクタ層と、
前記コレクタ層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられた第2導電型の第1ドリフト層と、
前記第1ドリフト層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられ、その一部が前記半導体基板の表面に露出する第1導電型の第1ボディ層と、
前記第1ボディ層の表面に設けられ、前記半導体基板の表面に露出する第2導電型のエミッタ層と、
前記半導体基板の表面側から前記第1ボディ層を貫通して前記第1ドリフト層に達するトレンチゲートとを備えており、
前記ダイオード領域は、
第2導電型のカソード層と、
前記カソード層に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられており、前記カソード層よりも第2導電型の不純物濃度が低い第2導電型の第2ドリフト層と、
前記第2ドリフト領域に対して前記半導体基板の表面側に設けられた第1導電型の第2ボディ層とを備えており、
前記層間絶縁膜は、前記トレンチゲートと前記表面電極とを絶縁しており、
前記トレンチゲートの下端の深さと、前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層の表面の間に位置する前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層に、結晶欠陥密度のピークを含むライフタイム制御領域が形成されており、
前記表面電極は、Al系電極層と、バリアメタル層と、を含んでおり、
前記半導体装置の製造方法は、
前記半導体基板に前記トレンチゲートを形成し、
前記半導体基板の表面側に、少なくとも前記第1ボディ層の前記半導体基板の表面に露出する部分に設けられ、かつ、前記トレンチゲートの表面側において開口する、バリアメタル層を形成し、
前記バリアメタル層のさらに表面側にAl系電極層を形成し、
前記バリアメタル層および前記Al系電極層が存在する状態で、前記トレンチゲートの下端の深さから、前記第1ドリフト層および前記第2ドリフト層の表面の間に位置する領域に荷電粒子を照射し、
前記荷電粒子を照射した後に、前記バリアメタル層および前記Al系電極層が存在する状態で前記半導体基板をアニールする、
半導体装置の製造方法。
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- 2014-11-19 CN CN201480071047.5A patent/CN105849912B/zh active Active
- 2014-11-19 US US15/102,577 patent/US10014368B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-19 WO PCT/JP2014/080677 patent/WO2015098377A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-11-19 KR KR1020167020258A patent/KR101780619B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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CN107924951A (zh) * | 2016-03-10 | 2018-04-17 | 富士电机株式会社 | 半导体装置 |
CN107924951B (zh) * | 2016-03-10 | 2021-11-23 | 富士电机株式会社 | 半导体装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TW201537627A (zh) | 2015-10-01 |
DE112014006069T5 (de) | 2016-09-15 |
JP6107767B2 (ja) | 2017-04-05 |
CN105849912B (zh) | 2019-03-01 |
KR101780619B1 (ko) | 2017-09-21 |
KR20160102064A (ko) | 2016-08-26 |
TWI675404B (zh) | 2019-10-21 |
US20160315140A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
US10014368B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 |
CN105849912A (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
JP2015144232A (ja) | 2015-08-06 |
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