WO2011027884A1 - 半導体チップ搭載用基板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体チップ搭載用基板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011027884A1 WO2011027884A1 PCT/JP2010/065229 JP2010065229W WO2011027884A1 WO 2011027884 A1 WO2011027884 A1 WO 2011027884A1 JP 2010065229 W JP2010065229 W JP 2010065229W WO 2011027884 A1 WO2011027884 A1 WO 2011027884A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- plating
- gold
- nickel
- copper
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/12—Mountings, e.g. non-detachable insulating substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/24—Reinforcing the conductive pattern
- H05K3/244—Finish plating of conductors, especially of copper conductors, e.g. for pads or lands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/48—Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326
- H01L21/4814—Conductive parts
- H01L21/4846—Leads on or in insulating or insulated substrates, e.g. metallisation
- H01L21/4857—Multilayer substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/24—Reinforcing the conductive pattern
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/00013—Fully indexed content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
- H05K3/06—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
- H05K3/061—Etching masks
- H05K3/062—Etching masks consisting of metals or alloys or metallic inorganic compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/108—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern by semi-additive methods; masks therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4644—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by building the multilayer layer by layer, i.e. build-up multilayer circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4644—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by building the multilayer layer by layer, i.e. build-up multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4652—Adding a circuit layer by laminating a metal foil or a preformed metal foil pattern
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
- Y10T29/49156—Manufacturing circuit on or in base with selective destruction of conductive paths
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
- Y10T29/49165—Manufacturing circuit on or in base by forming conductive walled aperture in base
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor chip mounting substrate and a method for manufacturing the same.
- connection terminals for connection to the semiconductor chip or the wiring board. These connection terminals are often plated with gold in order to ensure good metal bonding with gold wires or solder.
- electrolytic gold plating has been widely applied as a method of applying gold plating to connection terminals.
- the wiring density is increased by downsizing the semiconductor chip mounting substrate, it is becoming difficult to secure wiring for performing electrolytic gold plating on the surface of the connection terminal. Therefore, as a method of gold plating on the connection terminals, an electroless gold plating (substitution gold plating or reduction gold plating) process that does not require a lead wire for electrolytic plating has begun to attract attention.
- an electroless gold plating substitution gold plating or reduction gold plating
- Non-Patent Document 2 in the method of electroless nickel plating / electroless gold plating, compared to the method of electrolytic nickel plating / electrolytic gold plating, solder connection reliability and wire bonding after heat treatment are performed. It is known that the sex decreases.
- a phenomenon called a bridge in which an electroless nickel plating film is deposited between the wirings, may occur, thereby causing a short circuit failure.
- a pretreatment liquid and a pretreatment method for suppressing a bridge as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been proposed.
- Patent Document 3 an electroless plating catalyst solution for suppressing bridging has also been proposed.
- connection terminal As a conventional technique for forming a connection terminal by applying electroless nickel plating to a circuit made of copper on a substrate having such an ultrafine pattern and forming electroless gold plating thereon, for example, as follows: There are known methods.
- the semi-additive method using a resin with copper foil (1) Laminating a resin with copper foil on the upper and lower sides of an inner layer plate having an inner layer circuit on the surface; (2) providing an interstitial via hole (IVH) in a resin with a copper foil, and forming an electroless copper plating layer on the copper foil and inside the IVH; (3) a step of forming an electroplating resist except a portion where a conductor circuit on the electroless copper plating layer is to be formed; (4) a step of forming a copper circuit by electrolytic copper plating at a location where a conductor circuit is to be formed, (5) a step of removing the electrolytic plating resist, (6) A step of removing the copper foil and the electroless copper plating layer in a portion other than the portion where the conductor circuit is to be formed by etching using an etching solution, (7) forming a solder resist pattern on the surface of the substrate on which the conductor circuit is formed; (8) forming an electroless nickel plating film
- connection terminal portion As described above, as the wiring density is increased due to downsizing of the semiconductor chip mounting substrate, the connection terminal portion is replaced with the conventional electrolytic nickel / electrolytic gold plating method, and an electroless plating technique that does not require a lead wire is used. It is becoming essential. Therefore, electroless nickel plating / electroless gold plating is applied even in the semi-additive method as described above.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and even when fine wiring is formed, the occurrence of bridges can be reduced, and excellent wire bonding properties and solder connection reliability can be obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a semiconductor chip mounting substrate and a semiconductor chip mounting substrate obtained thereby.
- the method for manufacturing a substrate for mounting a semiconductor chip according to the present invention includes an inner layer plate having an inner layer circuit on the surface, and a first layer provided on the inner layer plate with an insulating layer therebetween so as to be partially connected to the inner layer circuit.
- An etching step of removing the grayed, on at least a part of the conductor circuit layer of nickel is formed, characterized by having a gold layer forming step of forming a gold layer by electroless gold plating.
- a resist for electrolytic plating is formed on the first copper layer in accordance with the pattern of the conductor circuit, and then the second copper layer is formed by electrolytic copper plating. Subsequently, a nickel layer is formed by electrolytic nickel plating.
- the resist is present in a portion other than the conductor circuit, thereby preventing the nickel plating from being applied to the side surface of the conductor circuit. Therefore, according to the present invention, even when an ultrafine pattern is used, the formation of bridges is greatly reduced.
- the formation of the nickel layer on the conductor circuit is performed by electrolytic nickel plating instead of electroless nickel plating as described above, wire bonding and solder connection reliability are good even when fine wiring is used. Can also be obtained.
- the gold layer is formed on the nickel layer by electroless gold plating, it is not necessary to use a lead wire as in the case of electrolytic plating, and it should be an independent terminal even if a fine wiring is formed. Good gold plating can be performed on the portion. Therefore, it is possible to cope with further downsizing and high density of the semiconductor chip mounting substrate.
- a connection terminal such as a solder connection terminal or a wire bonding terminal.
- a connection terminal such as a solder connection terminal or a wire bonding terminal.
- a solder resist is formed on the surface so that at least a part of the conductor circuit on which the nickel layer is formed is exposed after the etching step and before the gold layer forming step. It is preferable to have a solder resist forming step. In this way, it is possible to protect the conductor circuit in the part where the gold layer is not formed, and it becomes easy to form the gold layer at a target position on the conductor circuit, and also prevents the formation of a bridge by gold plating. Is possible.
- a copper foil with resin in which an insulating layer mainly composed of a resin and a copper foil are laminated is laminated on the inner layer plate so that the insulating layer faces the inner layer plate side.
- the copper foil in the resin-coated copper foil and the copper plating layer formed by electroless copper plating can function as a seed layer, and the first copper layer made of these also has a second copper on the upper part thereof.
- a conductor circuit is formed by laminating layers. And according to said resist formation process, it becomes possible to obtain a laminated body provided with such a 1st copper layer favorably.
- the seed layer refers to a metal film that serves as a base for performing electroplating.
- the thickness of the copper foil in the resin-coated copper foil is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less. In this way, since the copper foil as the seed layer is thin, it is easy to remove the seed layer (copper foil) remaining in the portion other than the conductor circuit after removing the resist, and the conductor circuit is formed more satisfactorily. Is possible.
- an insulating layer is formed by laminating a non-conductive film on the inner layer plate having the inner layer circuit on the surface, and a part of the inner layer circuit is formed on the film laminated on the inner layer plate.
- a via hole is formed so as to be exposed, a copper plating layer is formed by electroless copper plating so as to cover the inside of the insulating layer and the via hole, and a first portion which is made of a copper plating layer and is partially connected to the inner layer circuit
- a resist may be formed on the first copper layer in the laminated body except for a portion to be a conductor circuit.
- the copper plating layer functions as a seed layer
- a second copper layer is laminated as it is to form a first copper layer that becomes a conductor circuit.
- the seed layer is formed of a copper foil and a copper plating layer
- the catalyst applied before electroless copper plating adheres to the surface of the copper foil. Is not granted directly. If a catalyst adheres to the insulating layer, the catalyst may remain on the surface of the insulating layer even after the seed layer is removed. As a result, a plating film is deposited between the conductor circuits due to the action of this catalyst, which causes a short circuit failure. May be. Therefore, it is preferable that the seed layer is formed of a copper foil and a copper plating layer from the viewpoint of making it difficult for short-circuit defects due to such a catalyst to occur.
- the method for manufacturing a substrate for mounting a semiconductor chip according to the present invention includes an upper part that further forms a resist and an upper resist that covers the conductor circuit so that a part of the conductor circuit is exposed after the conductor circuit forming step and before the nickel layer forming step.
- the upper resist By further forming the upper resist as described above, it becomes easy to selectively form a nickel layer in a portion to be a connection terminal on the conductor circuit. Then, since the entire conductor circuit is not covered with the nickel layer in this way, when forming the solder resist other than the portion that becomes the connection terminal in the solder resist forming step as described above, the conductor circuit is configured. It becomes possible to make the copper which is in contact with the solder resist. According to the study by the present inventors, the adhesiveness between the copper and the solder resist tended to be higher than the adhesiveness between the nickel and the solder resist. It is possible to further improve the reliability by increasing.
- a metal layer made of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, palladium, and platinum is formed on the nickel layer by electroless plating or electrolytic plating. You may perform a metal layer formation process. Since these metal layers have a high effect of suppressing nickel diffusion, forming these metal layers on the nickel layer makes it easier to suppress nickel diffusion than when a gold layer is formed directly. Further, the wire bonding property can be further improved.
- a metal layer forming step of forming a metal layer made of gold on the nickel layer may be performed.
- the thickness of the gold layer formed by electroless gold plating can be reduced.
- a metal layer forming step of forming a palladium layer by electroless palladium plating may be performed on the conductor circuit on which the nickel layer exposed from the solder resist is formed. preferable. In this way, since the palladium layer is not formed to an unnecessary position of the conductor circuit, the effect of preventing the diffusion of nickel can be obtained with good adhesion between the conductor circuit and the solder resist. Be able to.
- this metal layer (palladium layer) formation step it is preferable to form the palladium layer by performing reduced palladium plating after performing displacement palladium plating. Thereby, compared with the case where substitution and reduction occur simultaneously, elution of nickel from the nickel layer can be suppressed, and the effect of improving the wire bonding property can be obtained better.
- electroless gold plating is preferably performed using an electroless gold plating solution containing a reducing agent, and a reducing agent that does not generate hydrogen gas by oxidation is preferably used. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the abnormal deposition of gold plating due to the hydrogen gas generated along with the oxidation.
- the gold layer is preferably formed by performing reduction gold plating after performing substitution gold plating. As a result, good adhesion to the nickel layer formed below the gold layer and the metal in the metal layer can be obtained, and better wire bonding properties can be obtained.
- the thickness of the gold layer thus formed is preferably 0.005 ⁇ m or more. By forming a gold layer having such a thickness, wire bonding tends to be easily performed.
- the present invention also provides a semiconductor chip mounting substrate obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- a semiconductor chip mounting substrate does not generate a bridge during manufacturing as described above, so that a short circuit failure hardly occurs, and it has excellent wire bonding property and solder connection reliability.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention can cope with further miniaturization and higher density of the semiconductor chip mounting substrate.
- a semiconductor chip mounting substrate that can be obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention, has reduced occurrence of bridges, and has excellent wire bonding properties and solder connection reliability. It becomes possible.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are process diagrams schematically showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor chip mounting substrate according to the first embodiment.
- the present embodiment is an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor chip mounting substrate by a semi-additive method in which an outer layer circuit is formed on an inner layer plate using a resin with a copper foil.
- an inner layer plate 1 is prepared.
- the inner layer board 1 is formed so as to penetrate the inner layer substrate 100, the inner layer circuit 102 provided on the surface thereof, and the inner layer substrate, and the inner layer vias 104 electrically connecting the inner layer circuits 102 on both surfaces. And.
- a known configuration applied to a circuit board can be applied without particular limitation.
- the following method can be applied. First, after laminating copper foil as a metal layer on both surfaces of the inner layer substrate 100, an unnecessary portion of the copper foil is removed by etching (subtract method). A method (additive method) of forming the inner layer circuit 102 made of copper by electroless copper plating only at necessary portions on both surfaces of the substrate 100 for use. In addition, a thin metal layer (seed layer) is formed on the surface of the inner layer substrate 100 or a predetermined layer (build-up layer) further formed on the surface, and the inner layer circuit 102 is supported by electrolytic copper plating. A method of forming the inner layer circuit 102 (semi-additive method) by removing a thin metal layer where the pattern is not formed by etching after forming a desired pattern is also included.
- a resin-coated copper foil 2 in which an insulating layer 21 mainly composed of a resin and a copper foil 22 are laminated on both surfaces of the inner layer plate 1 is used as the insulating layer.
- Lamination is performed so that 21 faces the inner layer plate 1 side (FIG. 1B).
- stacking of the copper foil 2 with resin can be performed by laminating or pressing with respect to the inner layer board 1, for example.
- a general vacuum press can be applied.
- the heating / pressurizing condition is preferably a condition suitable for the characteristics of the constituent material of the insulating layer 21 which is an interlayer insulating resin.
- the temperature may be 150 ° C.
- the pressure may be 1 MPa to 5 MPa.
- the copper foil 22 in such a resin-coated copper foil 2 functions as a seed layer, whereby the later-described copper plating layer 3 and second copper layer 5 can be formed.
- the insulating layer 21 of the copper foil with resin 2 before being laminated is in a B stage state.
- the thickness of the copper foil 22 in the resin-coated copper foil 2 is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 3 ⁇ m or less. By setting the thickness of the copper foil to 5 ⁇ m or less, etching described later can be easily performed, and it becomes easy to form fine wiring.
- the carrier can be peeled off.
- the carrier can be etched to obtain a copper foil having a desired thickness.
- the carrier can be peeled off by removing the metal oxide or organic material layer that becomes a peeling layer from the carrier by etching or the like.
- the etchable type when the metal foil is a copper foil and the carrier is an Al foil, only the carrier can be etched by using an alkaline solution. The thinner the copper foil 22 is in the range of functioning as a power feeding layer, the more suitable for forming fine wiring. Therefore, in order to obtain such a thickness, the thickness can be reduced by further etching. In that case, in the case of the peelable type, it is efficient and preferable to perform etching simultaneously with the removal of the release layer.
- the resin constituting the insulating layer 21 is an insulating resin, and as such a resin, a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin, or a mixed resin thereof can be applied. Especially, the organic insulating material which has thermosetting property is preferable.
- Thermosetting resins include phenolic resin, urea resin, melamine resin, alkyd resin, acrylic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, diallyl phthalate resin, epoxy resin, polybenzimidazole resin, polyamide resin, polyamideimide resin, silicone resin, cyclohexane Resin synthesized from pentadiene, resin containing tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, resin synthesized from aromatic nitrile, trimerized aromatic dicyanamide resin, resin containing triallyl trimetallate, furan resin, ketone resin, Examples include xylene resins, thermosetting resins containing condensed polycyclic aromatics, and benzocyclobutene resins.
- thermoplastic resin examples include polyimide resin, polyphenylene oxide resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, aramid resin, and liquid crystal polymer.
- the insulating layer 21 may be blended with an inorganic filler such as a silica filler as necessary, or a prepreg containing a glass cloth or the like may be used.
- the through-hole via hole which penetrates the resin-coated copper foil 2 and reaches the inner-layer plate 1 in a predetermined part of the resin-coated copper foil 2 laminated on the inner-layer plate 1 ).
- an interstitial via hole (IVH) 30 is formed, and a part of the inner layer circuit 102 is exposed.
- the through hole can be formed by, for example, directly irradiating laser light having an ultraviolet wavelength to perform hole processing.
- the ultraviolet wavelength laser it is preferable to use the third harmonic (wavelength 355 nm) of a UV-YAG laser because relatively high energy can be obtained and the processing speed can be increased.
- the IVH 30 it is preferable to adjust the laser energy distribution and make the cross-sectional shape of the via hole tapered so that the plating property in the hole is improved. Further, it is preferable that the via hole diameter is 50 ⁇ m or less because the processing speed is increased. In addition, since it is preferable that the aspect ratio of the via hole (via hole height / via hole bottom diameter) is 1 or less from the viewpoint of ensuring reliability, the IVH 30 is formed when such an insulating layer 21 is formed. It is preferable to design the relationship between the thickness and the via hole diameter. In addition, since smear may be generated in the via hole, after the via hole is formed, the smear is removed by cleaning with permanganate, chromate, permanganate, etc. It is preferable to carry out.
- the copper plating layer 3 is formed by electroless copper plating so that the whole surface of the inner-layer board 1 in which the copper foil 2 with resin was laminated
- stacked may be covered.
- the inner layer plate 1 and the first copper layer 32 made of the copper foil 22 and the copper plating layer 3 provided with the insulating layer 21 so as to be partially connected to the inner layer circuit 102 of the inner layer plate 1 are provided.
- the laminated body 110 which has is obtained. In this laminated body 110, the surface of the copper foil 22 and the inside of the IVH 30 are continuously covered with the first copper layer 32, so the copper foil 22 formed on the surface of the insulating layer 21 and the inner layer circuit 102. Can be electrically connected.
- the copper plating layer 3 may be formed using an electroless copper plating method used for the formation of a general wiring board, and a catalyst serving as a nucleus of electroless copper plating is applied to a portion to be plated, This can be formed by thinning an electroless copper plating layer.
- a catalyst serving as a nucleus of electroless copper plating is applied to a portion to be plated, This can be formed by thinning an electroless copper plating layer.
- the catalyst noble metal ions or palladium colloid can be used, and palladium is particularly preferable because of its high adhesion to the resin.
- an electroless copper plating solution mainly used for forming a wiring board containing copper sulfate, a complexing agent, formalin and sodium hydroxide as main components can be used.
- the thickness of the copper plating layer 3 may be a thickness that enables power supply to the inside of the IVH 30 and is preferably 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m. If the copper plating layer 3 is thinner than 0.1 ⁇ m, there is a possibility that sufficient power feeding between the copper constituting the inner layer circuit 102 inside the IVH 30 and the copper foil 22 in the resin-coated copper foil 2 may not be obtained. On the other hand, if it is thicker than 1 ⁇ m, the thickness of the copper that must be etched increases in the etching process that removes copper other than the portion to be a conductor circuit described later by etching. Formation may be difficult. Since the thickness of the copper plating layer 3 is 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m, sufficient power can be obtained between the inner layer circuit 102 and the copper foil 22, and the etching in the etching process can be facilitated to provide good circuit formability. It will be obtained.
- a resist 4 that is an electrolytic plating resist is formed at a desired position on the first copper layer 32 (resist forming step).
- the portion where the resist 4 is formed is a portion excluding a portion (including IVH 30) to be a conductor circuit in the first copper layer 32.
- the resist 4 can be formed by applying a known resist forming method using a material described later. Note that the portion to be a conductor circuit includes an alignment pattern used for alignment.
- the thickness of the resist 4 is preferably equal to or greater than the total thickness of conductors to be subsequently plated.
- the resist 4 is preferably made of a resin.
- Resist composed of resin includes liquid resist such as PMER P-LA900PM (trade name, manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Co., Ltd.), HW-425 (trade name, Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), RY-3025 (Hitachi Chemical).
- There are dry film resists such as Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade names).
- the 2nd copper layer 5 is formed by electrolytic copper plating, and the 1st copper layer 32 and the 2nd copper layer 5 is obtained (conductor circuit forming step).
- the second copper layer 5 is formed only on the portion where the resist 4 is not formed by electrolytic copper plating. Therefore, the second copper layer 5 is formed in a portion to be the conductor circuit 50 on the first copper layer 32.
- the formation region of the second copper layer 5 is determined by the resist 4 as described above. Therefore, the electrolytic copper plating may be performed by attaching a lead wire to any part of the first copper layer 32, and can sufficiently cope with the case where the wiring density is increased. Electrolytic copper plating can be performed using known copper sulfate electroplating or pyrophosphate electroplating used in the production of a semiconductor chip mounting substrate.
- the thickness of the second copper layer 5 may be a thickness that can be used as a conductor circuit, and is preferably in the range of 1 to 30 ⁇ m, depending on the target space, but in the range of 3 to 25 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is more preferably in the range of 3 to 20 ⁇ m.
- a nickel layer 6 is further formed on the surface of the second copper layer 5 by electrolytic nickel plating (nickel layer forming step). Also in this step, the nickel layer 6 is formed only on the portion where the resist 4 is not formed by electrolytic nickel plating. Therefore, the nickel layer 6 is formed in the entire region on the conductor circuit 50. Also in this step, a lead wire may be attached to any part of the conductor circuit 50 and electrolytic nickel plating may be performed.
- the electrolytic nickel plating can be performed, for example, by immersing the entire substrate after the conductor circuit forming step in an electrolytic nickel plating solution.
- Electrolytic nickel plating solutions include Watts bath (nickel plating bath mainly composed of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride and boric acid), sulfamic acid bath (nickel plating bath mainly composed of nickel sulfamate and boric acid), borofluoride A bath or the like can be used.
- the deposited film from the watt bath has good adhesion to the conductor circuit 50 serving as a base, and tends to increase the corrosion resistance. Therefore, it is preferable to use a Watt bath for electrolytic nickel plating.
- the nickel crystal grain size in the nickel layer 6 tends to be increased. Therefore, it is preferable to use a watt bath also from such a viewpoint. This is because when the gold layer 8 is formed by electroless gold plating in the gold layer forming step described later, the gold layer 8 is formed by epitaxial growth in which the crystal size of the underlying nickel crystal is inherited to some extent. This is because as the nickel crystal grains are larger, a gold plating film having larger crystal grains is formed.
- the nickel layer 6 has an average crystal grain size of 0.25 ⁇ m or more on the surface opposite to the conductor circuit 50, that is, the surface in contact with the gold layer 8 or the metal layer 13 as described later. To form.
- the average value of the crystal grain size on the surface of the nickel layer 6 is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, and the larger the crystal grain size, the better.
- a brightening agent is added to the electrolytic nickel plating solution, and the brightening agent obtains a gloss by reducing crystal grains. Therefore, in order to obtain the crystal grain size as described above, the electrolytic nickel plating solution is preferably one in which the addition of the brightener is as small as possible, and particularly preferably one that does not contain the brightener. When an electrolytic nickel plating solution with a small amount of brightener is used, the semi-bright nickel layer 6 is easily formed. When an electrolytic nickel plating solution that does not contain a brightener is used, the matte nickel layer 6 is easily formed.
- the gold crystal grains in the gold layer 8 formed by electroless gold plating described later are small, the effect of suppressing the diffusion of nickel from the nickel layer 6 to the gold layer 8 tends to be low.
- the connection reliability between the gold wire and the surface of the gold layer 8 is ensured. May deteriorate.
- the thickness of the nickel layer 6 formed by electrolytic nickel plating is preferably 0.4 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.6 to 8 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1 to 6 ⁇ m.
- an effect as a barrier film of a conductor circuit made of copper in the lower layer can be sufficiently obtained, thereby improving the solder connection reliability.
- the thickness is 0.4 ⁇ m or more, nickel crystal grains grow sufficiently, and thus a gold layer 8 having crystal grains large enough to suppress nickel grain boundary diffusion can be obtained in the gold layer forming step. It becomes easy to be done. However, even if it exceeds 10 ⁇ m, these effects are not greatly improved and it is not economical. Therefore, the thickness of the nickel layer 6 is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the current density during electrolytic nickel plating is preferably 0.3 to 4 A / dm 2 , more preferably 0.5 to 3 A / dm 2 , and 0.8 to 2. More preferably, it is 5 A / dm 2 .
- the current density is preferably 0.3 A / dm 2 or more, nickel crystal grains are sufficiently grown and the effect as a barrier film is enhanced, so that the effects of the present invention can be obtained satisfactorily.
- the higher the current density within the above range the larger the nickel crystal grains can be made. Therefore, the higher the current density, the better.
- generation of rough plating generally called “burning”
- the resist 4 which is an electrolytic plating resist is removed (resist removing step).
- resist removing step the portion of the first copper layer 32 (copper plating layer 3) covered with the resist 4 is exposed.
- the resist 4 can be removed by stripping the resist 4 using an alkaline stripping solution, sulfuric acid, or other commercially available resist stripping solution.
- the first copper layer 32 (copper foil 22 and copper plating layer 3) covered with the resist 4 is removed by etching (etching step).
- etching step all of the copper (first copper layer 32) other than the portion to be the conductor circuit is removed, and the nickel layer 6 is formed on the surface of the conductor circuit 50 including the first copper layer 32 and the second copper layer 3.
- a covered circuit pattern is formed.
- Etching can be performed by immersing the substrate after removing the resist 4 in an etching solution.
- a solution containing an acid other than halogen and hydrogen peroxide as main components and a solvent and an additive in addition to the main components can be applied.
- the solvent water is preferably used from the viewpoint of cost, handleability, and safety, and alcohol or the like may be added to the water.
- the additive include a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer.
- acids other than halogen include sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and sulfuric acid is preferably used.
- the etching rate of the copper plating layer 3 is 80% or less of the etching rate of the copper foil 22 in order to obtain a circuit pattern having a designed top width, bottom width, and the like. It is preferable to adjust so that.
- sulfuric acid When sulfuric acid is used as an acid other than halogen, it is preferable to use 10 to 300 g / L sulfuric acid and 10 to 200 g / L hydrogen peroxide as the concentration of the main component of the etching solution. Below this concentration, the etching rate is slow, and workability tends to deteriorate. On the other hand, if the concentration is higher than this, the etching rate becomes too fast, and it may be difficult to control the etching amount.
- the etching rate of the first copper layer 32 is controlled to be 1 to 15 ⁇ m / min.
- the temperature of the etching solution is preferably 20 to 50 ° C., and preferably 20 to 40 ° C. during etching. It is more preferable.
- the etching time may be appropriately determined and applied so that a desired conductor pattern width is formed. From the viewpoint of improving workability and etching uniformity, the etching time is 10 seconds to 10 minutes. It is preferable to be in the range.
- the surface of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 is formed is exposed before the gold layer forming process described later is performed. It is preferable to perform a solder resist forming step of forming the solder resist 7 on the surface.
- the solder resist 7 can be formed, for example, so as to cover the conductor circuit 50 (circuit pattern) on which the nickel layer 6 is formed except for the portion to be a wire bonding terminal or a solder connection terminal.
- thermosetting or ultraviolet curable resin can be used, and among them, an ultraviolet curable type capable of processing the resist shape with high accuracy is preferable.
- an epoxy resin, a polyimide resin, an epoxy acrylate resin, or a fluorene resin material can be used.
- the solder resist pattern can be formed by printing if it is a varnish-like material, but from the viewpoint of further improving accuracy, a photosensitive solder resist, a coverlay film, and a film-like resist are used. It is more preferable to apply the known pattern forming method.
- the gold layer 8 is formed by electroless gold plating on the portion of the conductor circuit 50 (circuit pattern) on which the nickel layer 6 is formed, where the solder resist 7 is not formed.
- Form gold layer forming step.
- the gold layer 8 is formed so as to cover the upper surface and the side surface of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 is formed, and this portion can suitably function as a connection terminal such as a wire bonding terminal or a solder connection terminal. It becomes like this.
- the gold layer 8 can be formed, for example, by substitution / reduction gold plating, or by electroless gold plating in which reduction gold plating is performed after substitution gold plating.
- the gold layer 8 can be formed by performing electrolytic gold plating before the location where the gold layer 8 is formed becomes an independent terminal, and then performing reduction-type electroless gold plating. Electroless gold plating may be performed using either method as long as the effect of the present invention can be obtained.
- the method of performing reduction-type gold plating after performing substitution gold plating is performed by using a lower layer metal (in this case). Is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining good adhesion to nickel), and the method of performing substitution / reduction gold plating is difficult to elute the lower layer metal (in this case nickel) during plating, and a good gold layer 8 Tend to form.
- reducing gold plating is performed after displacement gold plating, specifically, about 0.01 to 0.1 ⁇ m with a displacement gold plating solution such as HGS-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- a reduced electroless gold plating solution such as HGS-2000 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) Examples thereof include a method of forming a gold plating finish layer (reduced gold plating film) of about 1 ⁇ m.
- the method of electroless gold plating is not limited to this, and any method that is suitable for gold plating that is usually performed can be applied without limitation.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view showing the cross-sectional configuration of the portion of the conductor circuit 50 after the gold layer 8 is formed.
- electroless gold plating for forming the gold layer 8 is performed by performing reduction-type gold plating after the replacement gold plating as described above.
- a copper foil 22, a copper plating layer 3, a second copper layer 5, and a nickel layer 6 are formed on an insulating layer 21 formed on the surface of the inner layer plate 1 (not shown).
- a gold layer 8 composed of a replacement gold plating film 11 and a reduction-type gold plating film 9 is formed so as to cover the upper surface and side surfaces of these stacked structures.
- the displacement gold plating film 11 can be formed on the upper and side surfaces of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 is formed.
- Plating solutions used for displacement gold plating include those containing a cyanide compound and those containing no cyanide compound, but any plating solution can be used. Of these, those containing a cyanide compound are preferred. For this reason, the uniformity of the displacement gold plating in the copper constituting the conductor circuit 50 is better when the plating solution containing cyan is used than when the plating solution containing no cyan is used. Can be mentioned. After performing the displacement gold plating with such a plating solution containing cyan, if a reduction type gold plating as will be described later is performed, the gold layer 8 tends to grow uniformly.
- the reduction-type gold plating film 9 can further form a gold film on the replacement gold plating film 11. Therefore, it is possible to form a thick gold layer 8 by performing reduction-type gold plating following substitution gold plating.
- the plating solution used for reduction-type gold plating can form a gold layer in an autocatalytic manner by containing a reducing agent. These plating solutions include those containing a cyanide compound and those not containing a cyanide compound, but any plating solution can be used.
- the reducing agent for the plating solution used for reduction-type gold plating one that does not generate hydrogen gas by oxidation is preferable.
- examples of the reducing agent that does not generate or hardly generates hydrogen gas include ascorbic acid, urea-based compounds, and phenyl-based compounds.
- examples of the reducing agent that generates hydrogen gas include phosphinic acid salts and hydrazine.
- the gold plating solution containing such a reducing agent is preferably one that can be used at a temperature of about 60 to 80 ° C.
- substitution / reduction gold plating is a method in which substitution gold plating and reduction-type gold plating reaction are performed in the same solution, and similarly to substitution gold plating, the upper and side surfaces of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 is formed.
- the gold layer 8 can be formed.
- plating solutions include those containing a cyanide compound and those containing no cyanide compound, and any plating solution can be used.
- electroless gold plating can be further performed to increase the thickness of the gold layer.
- the gold layer 8 thus formed is preferably made of gold having a purity of 99% by mass or more.
- connection reliability may be lowered when this portion is applied as a terminal.
- the purity of the gold layer is more preferably 99.5% by mass or more.
- the thickness of the gold layer 8 is preferably 0.005 to 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.03 to 1 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the gold layer 8 is preferably 0.005 to 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.03 to 1 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the conductor circuit 50 which is an outer layer circuit, is formed on both surfaces of the inner layer plate 1 with the insulating layer 21 therebetween, and the nickel layer 6 and the gold layer 8 are formed on necessary portions of the conductor circuit 50.
- the semiconductor chip mounting substrate 10 having the configuration is obtained.
- the portion of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 and the gold layer 8 are formed can function as a wire bonding terminal or a solder connection terminal. Can be connected.
- the gold layer 8 is not directly formed on the nickel layer 6 as described above, but the metal layer 13 (see FIG. 4 and 5) may be formed.
- the metal layer formation process which forms 13 (refer FIG. 4, 5) by electroless plating or electrolytic plating can be implemented.
- the formation of the metal layer 13 is preferably performed after the nickel layer forming step and before at least the etching step and the solder resist forming step, and more preferably immediately after the nickel layer forming step. In this way, when wire bonding is performed on the obtained semiconductor chip mounting substrate, it is easy to suppress peeling of the gold layer 8 and the like, and high wire bonding properties can be obtained.
- the metal layer 13 is more preferably a metal layer made of palladium.
- the adhesion between the gold layer 8 and the nickel layer 6 may be sufficiently obtained depending on the conditions.
- the metal layer forming step is not necessarily performed.
- palladium tends to have higher adhesion to the solder resist than nickel, copper or gold. Therefore, by forming a palladium layer as the metal layer 13, the adhesiveness of the solder resist 7 is enhanced, and the conductor circuit 50 is better protected.
- the metal layer 13 made of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, palladium, platinum, and gold includes a case where impurities are contained in addition to cobalt, palladium, platinum, and gold.
- a palladium metal layer when a palladium metal layer is formed by electroless palladium plating, it may contain phosphorus derived from a reducing agent to form a palladium-phosphorus alloy.
- the metal layer 13 is formed only on a portion to be a conductor circuit by the resist 4. Therefore, the metal layer 13 is formed on the upper surface of the nickel layer 6 on the conductor circuit 50.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a portion of the conductor circuit 50 after the gold layer 8 is formed when the metal layer forming step is performed after the nickel layer forming step and before the resist removing step.
- a copper foil 22, a copper plating layer 3, a second copper layer 5, and a nickel layer 6 are formed on the insulating layer 21 formed on the surface of the inner layer plate 1 (not shown).
- the metal layer 13 is laminated
- the metal layer 13 is a conductor circuit in which the nickel layer 6 is formed. 50 is formed on both the top and side surfaces.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a portion of the conductor circuit 50 after the gold layer 8 is formed when the metal layer forming step is performed after the resist removing step and before the gold layer forming step.
- a copper foil 22, a copper plating layer 3, a second copper layer 5 and a nickel layer 6 are formed on an insulating layer 21 formed on the surface of the inner layer plate 1 (not shown).
- the metal layer 13 is formed so as to cover the upper surface and the side surfaces of these stacked structures, and then the gold made of the replacement gold plating film 11 and the reduction-type gold plating film 9 so as to cover the metal layer 13.
- Layer 8 is formed.
- the metal layer 13 is made of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, palladium, platinum, and gold.
- a layer made of cobalt, palladium and platinum is formed as the metal layer 13, these metal layers 13 are formed between the nickel layer 6 and the gold layer 8, and the nickel in the nickel layer 6 diffuses into the film 8. Can be prevented. Therefore, good wire bonding properties tend to be easily obtained.
- palladium is particularly preferable.
- the plating solution since the plating solution has high stability, the effect of suppressing the diffusion of nickel is good, and the wire bonding property can be further improved.
- solder connection reliability may be improved by containing a small amount of palladium.
- the metal layer 13 when the metal layer 13 is formed only on the upper surface of the nickel layer 6, the nickel layer 6 does not exist on the side surface portion of the conductor circuit 50. This part comes into contact with copper constituting the conductor circuit 50. In this state, when heat treatment is performed in wire bonding or the like, copper may diffuse into the gold layer 8 and move to the surface of the gold layer 8, and if this occurs, the wire bonding property in the gold layer 8 is reduced. May decrease.
- the metal layer 13 by forming the metal layer 13 so as to cover both the upper surface and the side surface of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 is formed as in the example shown in FIG. Effectively suppressed, it is possible to further reduce the decrease in wire bonding properties.
- the metal layer 13 when gold is used as the metal layer 13, by forming the metal layer 13 (gold film) made of gold before the resist removing step, only on the upper surface of the nickel layer 6 as in the example shown in FIG.
- the metal layer 13 is formed and the gold layer 8 is further formed on the outermost surface of the conductor circuit in the gold layer forming step, the thickness of the gold layer 8 formed by electroless gold plating can be reduced.
- a reducing agent that generates hydrogen gas is used as a reducing agent for a reducing gold plating solution, it is possible to suppress the generation of bridges and perform electroless gold plating satisfactorily.
- the nickel layer 6 is formed by electrolytic nickel plating
- the metal layer 13 made of gold is formed by electrolytic gold plating
- the gold layer 8 is formed by electroless gold plating
- the replacement is performed after the nickel layer 6 is formed. It tends to make the crystal grains of the gold layer 8 larger than when the gold layer 8 is directly formed by performing gold plating and further electroless gold plating. Therefore, it may be easy to improve the wire bonding property.
- copper on the side surface of the conductor circuit is exposed, the insulation reliability tends to be lowered. Therefore, the entire surface (upper surface and side surface) of the conductor circuit is finally covered with a gold layer. There is a need.
- the metal layer 13 which consists of palladium
- electroless palladium plating substituted palladium plating or reduced palladium plating using a reducing agent can be applied.
- a method for forming a palladium layer by electroless palladium plating a method in which reduced palladium plating is performed after displacement palladium plating is particularly preferable. This is because the electroless palladium plating reaction tends to hardly occur on the nickel layer 6 formed by electrolytic nickel plating.
- a palladium layer can be satisfactorily formed by preliminarily depositing and depositing palladium by substitution palladium plating and then depositing a palladium layer by reduction-type palladium plating.
- the thickness of the palladium layer is preferably from 0.03 to 0.5 ⁇ m, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.3 ⁇ m, and even more preferably from 0.03 to 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the palladium layer exceeds 0.5 ⁇ m, the effect of forming the palladium layer is not improved any more, and it tends to be not economical.
- the thickness is smaller than 0.03 ⁇ m, a portion where the palladium layer is not deposited is likely to be included, and there is a possibility that the effect of improving the connection reliability by forming the palladium layer cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- Palladium compounds such as palladium chloride, sodium palladium chloride, palladium ammonium chloride, palladium sulfate, palladium nitrate, palladium acetate, palladium oxide, etc. are mentioned. It is done.
- the palladium layer formed by electroless palladium plating preferably has a palladium purity of 90% by mass or more, more preferably 99% by mass or more, and particularly preferably close to 100% by mass.
- a palladium purity of 90% by mass or more more preferably 99% by mass or more, and particularly preferably close to 100% by mass.
- the purity of the obtained palladium layer is likely to be 99% by mass or more, and uniform precipitation is possible.
- a phosphorus-containing compound such as hypophosphorous acid or phosphorous acid or a boron-containing compound
- the resulting palladium layer becomes a palladium-phosphorus alloy or palladium-boron alloy. It is preferable to adjust the concentration, pH, bath temperature and the like of the reducing agent so that the purity of palladium is 90% by mass or more.
- the palladium layer is not necessarily formed by electroless palladium plating, and can be formed by electrolytic palladium plating.
- the source of palladium for the electrolytic palladium plating solution used for electrolytic palladium is not particularly limited, and palladium compounds such as palladium chloride, sodium palladium chloride, palladium ammonium chloride, palladium sulfate, palladium nitrate, palladium acetate, palladium oxide, etc. Can be applied.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are process diagrams schematically showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor chip mounting substrate according to the second embodiment.
- the present embodiment is an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor chip mounting substrate by a semi-additive method, including a step of forming a copper plating layer after laminating a buildup film on an inner layer plate.
- the inner layer plate 1 is prepared.
- the inner layer plate 1 can be prepared in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above.
- the insulating layer 15 is formed by laminating or pressing a buildup film on both surfaces of the inner layer plate 1.
- This build-up film is a film having no electrical conductivity, and is made of a resin material having an insulating property.
- the same constituent material as the insulating layer 21 mainly composed of the resin in the above-described conductor foil 2 with resin can be applied, and an inorganic filler such as a silica filler may be blended.
- the build-up film before lamination is in the B stage state.
- a through hole (via hole) that penetrates the insulating layer 15 and reaches the inner layer plate 1 is formed in a predetermined portion of the insulating layer 15 laminated on the inner layer plate 1.
- an interstitial via hole (IVH) 30 is formed, and a part of the inner layer circuit 102 is exposed.
- the formation of the through hole can also be performed in the same manner as the formation of the through hole for the resin-coated copper foil 2 in the first embodiment.
- the copper plating layer 3 is formed by electroless copper plating so as to cover the entire surface of the inner layer plate 1 on which the insulating layer 15 is laminated.
- the laminated body 120 provided with the 1st copper layer 32 which consists only of the copper plating layer 3 which provided the inner layer board 1 and the inner layer circuit 102 of the inner layer board 1, and the insulating layer 15 was provided so that it might connect in part. Is obtained.
- the copper plating layer 3 is continuously formed to the inside of the IVH 30, the copper plating layer 3 (first copper layer 32) formed on the surface of the insulating layer 15 and the inner layer circuit 102 are formed. Can be electrically connected.
- the resist forming process, the conductor circuit forming process, the nickel layer forming process, the resist removing process, the etching process, the solder resist forming process, and the gold are performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the layer forming process is sequentially performed.
- an electrolytic plating resist is applied to a portion of the laminate 120 excluding a portion (including IVH30) to be a conductor circuit on the first copper layer 32 (copper plating layer 3).
- a certain resist 4 is formed (resist forming step).
- the second copper layer 5 is formed on the surface of the first copper layer 32 by electrolytic copper plating, and the first copper layer 32 and the second copper layer 5 are formed. Is obtained (conductor circuit forming step).
- FIG. 7 (g) after the nickel layer 6 is further formed on the surface of the second copper layer 5 by electrolytic nickel plating (nickel layer forming step), as shown in FIG. 7 (h). Then, the resist 4 which is an electrolytic plating resist is removed (resist removing step). After that, as shown in FIG. 7 (i), the portion of the first copper layer 32 (copper plating layer 3) covered with the resist 4 is removed by etching (etching step), and then, as shown in FIG. As shown, a solder resist forming step for forming a solder resist 7 on the surface is performed so that at least a part of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 is formed is exposed.
- the gold layer 8 is formed by electroless gold plating with respect to the part which did not form the soldering resist 7 among the conductor circuits 50 (circuit pattern) in which the nickel layer 6 was formed.
- Form gold layer forming step.
- the gold layer 8 is formed so as to cover the upper surface and the side surface of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 is formed.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a portion of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 after the gold layer 8 is formed.
- the copper plating layer 3, the second copper layer 5, and the nickel layer 6 are laminated in this order on the insulating layer 15 formed on the surface of the inner layer plate 1 (not shown).
- a gold layer 8 composed of a replacement gold plating film 11 and a reduction type gold plating film 9 is formed so as to cover the upper surface and side surfaces of these laminated structures.
- the conductor circuit 50 which is an outer layer circuit, is formed on both surfaces of the inner layer plate 1 with the insulating layer 15 therebetween, and the nickel layer 6 and the gold layer 8 are formed on the necessary portions of the conductor circuit 50.
- the semiconductor chip mounting substrate 10 having the configuration is obtained.
- the portion of the conductor circuit 50 on which the nickel layer 6 and the gold layer 8 are formed can function as a wire bonding terminal or a solder connection terminal. Can be connected.
- the nickel film formed on the side surface of the wiring by electroless nickel plating becomes thicker than the electroless nickel plating film on the top surface of the wiring because the plating activity on the side surface of the wiring increases due to the increase in hydrogen gas concentration. easy. In particular, this tendency becomes stronger as the distance between the wirings becomes smaller, and this also becomes a factor that a bridge is easily generated.
- the inventors have described the following factors that cannot suppress the occurrence of the bridge after the electroless nickel plating treatment. I think so.
- the conventional pretreatment liquid, the pretreatment method and the electroless plating catalyst liquid inactivate the etching residue (1) or the Pd catalyst residue (2) described above, or the Pd of (3). It is thought to reduce the amount of catalyst residue.
- the cause of the bridge may be the hydrogen gas (4) as described above.
- the hydrogen gas is generated between the wirings. It is considered that the generation of bridges cannot be sufficiently suppressed because the effect of suppressing the direct adsorption of the alloy layer by electroless nickel plating cannot be obtained.
- the deposition rate is fast, for example, 0.2 to 0.3 ⁇ m / min. Since it is used at a temperature of about 60 to 80 ° C., the deposition rate is 0.005 to 0.03 ⁇ m / min, and even if hydrogen gas is generated, the activity is low. Such a difference in activity due to a difference in the deposition rate is considered to be a factor that determines the presence or absence of the occurrence of bridges.
- electrolytic nickel plating is performed on a conductor circuit made of copper in a state where a resist is present, and after removing the resist, electroless gold plating is performed. That is, since electrolytic nickel plating is applied to the conductor circuit, the items (1) to (4) described above are less likely to cause a bridge. Furthermore, since the resist is present in the portion other than the conductor circuit, this also greatly suppresses the occurrence of the bridge.
- solder connection reliability When electroless nickel / electroless gold plating is performed on a copper circuit as in the conventional case, as described in Non-Patent Document 2, the electroless nickel plating layer is dissolved by the displacement gold plating reaction, and the fragile layer is formed. Sometimes formed. In this fragile layer, the electroless nickel that is generally applied is electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy plating, and in the subsequent substitution gold plating reaction, only nickel is easily eluted, so that phosphorus is concentrated and remains dissolved. It is thought that it is formed by. And the solder connection reliability falls by formation of such a weak layer.
- the average value of the crystal grain size of nickel on the surface opposite to the conductor circuit is 0.25 ⁇ m or more.
- a certain nickel layer can be formed, and thereby excellent wire bonding properties can be obtained as compared with the case of performing conventional electroless nickel / electroless gold plating.
- the reason is considered that the particle diameter of nickel in the electrolytic nickel film is different from that of the electroless nickel film.
- electroless nickel is electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy plating as described above, and an amorphous film is formed, whereas a film formed by electrolytic nickel is crystalline. For this reason, the electrolytic nickel film has larger nickel crystal grains than the electroless nickel film. Furthermore, a brightening agent is generally added to the electrolytic nickel plating solution. However, in the present invention, the electrolytic nickel plating solution has a small amount of brightening agent or no brightening agent. Can grow greatly.
- the primary brightener has the function of imparting gloss by refining the crystals of the film, and the secondary gloss.
- the agent serves to fill small scratches that cannot be obtained with a primary brightener, ie, to provide a leveling effect.
- aromatic sulfonic acids such as benzenesulfonic acid
- aromatic sulfonamides such as p-toluenesulfonic acid amide
- aromatic sulfonamides such as saccharin
- aldehydes (formaldehyde, etc.), allyl, vinyl compounds (allylsulfonic acid, etc.), acetylene compounds (2-butyl 1,4-thiol, etc.), nitriles (ethyl cyanohydrin, etc.) are known. . In many cases, only the primary brightener is added to the electrolytic nickel plating solution.
- the electroless gold plating film grows epitaxially, the larger the nickel crystal grains, the larger the gold crystal grains. It can have gold crystal grains at substantially the same level as when electrolytic gold plating is performed. Therefore, even if heat treatment is performed on the wire bonding terminal formed as described above, it is considered that the gold layer has a high effect of suppressing the diffusion of nickel, so that excellent wire bonding property can be exhibited.
- the gold particle size tends to be slightly smaller when electroless gold plating is performed.
- the additive to the electrolytic nickel plating solution is suppressed as much as possible, or the electrolytic nickel plating solution to which no additive is added is used, the particle size of nickel in the electrolytic nickel film can be increased. Therefore, in the present invention, after forming the nickel layer 6 by electrolytic nickel plating, the gold layer 8 can be formed by electroless gold plating, whereby fine wiring can be achieved. On the other hand, the gold grains in the gold layer 8 can be achieved. Since the diameter can be kept large, high wire bonding properties can be obtained.
- the nickel layer 6 is formed by electrolytic nickel plating on the entire region of the second copper layer 3 (conductor circuit).
- the nickel layer 6 is a predetermined layer on the second copper layer 3. You may make it form partially in this position.
- a resist upper resist
- the nickel layer 6 can be formed only on the second copper layer 3 on which no is formed. In this case, a region not to be a solder connection terminal or wire bonding terminal on the conductor circuit (second copper layer 3) is not covered with the nickel layer 6 and directly contacts the solder resist 7 formed on the upper portion. It becomes like this. Since the solder resist 7 often has higher adhesion to copper than nickel, the above-described configuration can increase the adhesion of the solder resist 7 and further improve the reliability.
- the outer layer conductor circuit is formed on both surfaces of the inner layer plate.
- the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the outer layer conductor circuit is formed only on one surface side of the inner layer plate. It may be.
- it is good also as a multilayer board provided with the multilayer conductor circuit by using the semiconductor chip mounting board
- Example 1 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- 1a Preparation of inner layer board
- a plate MCL-E-679 manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name
- the copper foil in unnecessary portions is removed by etching, through holes are formed, and an inner layer circuit is formed on the surface.
- An inner layer plate (inner layer plate 1) was obtained.
- a carbon dioxide gas impact laser drilling machine L-500 (trade name, manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.) is used to form a non-through hole having a diameter of 80 ⁇ m from above the copper foil 22. I opened IVH30. Furthermore, the substrate after IVH30 formation was immersed in a mixed aqueous solution of potassium permanganate 65 g / L and sodium hydroxide 40 g / L at a liquid temperature of 70 ° C. for 20 minutes to remove smears in the holes.
- Electroless Copper Plating As shown in FIG. 1 (d), the substrate after the step (1c) was placed on HS-202B (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is a palladium solution, at 25 ° C. The catalyst was applied to the surface of the copper foil 22 by dipping for a minute. Thereafter, electroless copper plating was performed using a CUST-201 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thus, an electroless copper plating layer (copper plating layer 3) having a thickness of 0.3 ⁇ m was formed on the copper foil 21 and the surface in the IVH 30.
- HS-202B trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Electrolytic copper plating As shown in FIG.1 (f), about 20 micrometers of electrolytic copper plating is carried out on the copper plating layer 3 on the conditions of the liquid temperature of 25 degreeC, and the current density of 1.0 A / dm2 using a copper sulfate bath.
- an electrolytic copper plating film (second copper layer 5) was formed on the surface opposite to the surface on which the pattern shape was formed so that a pad having a land diameter of 600 ⁇ m for connecting solder balls was formed.
- Electrolytic nickel plating As shown in FIG. 2 (g), using an electrolytic nickel plating solution having the following composition that does not contain a brightener, under conditions of a liquid temperature of 55 ° C. and a current density of 1.5 A / dm 2 , Electrolytic nickel plating was performed on the electrolytic copper plating layer so as to obtain a thickness of about 3 ⁇ m, and an electrolytic nickel film (nickel layer 6) was formed.
- solder resist As shown in FIG. 2 (j), a photosensitive solder resist “PSR-4000 AUS5” (trade name, manufactured by Taiyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) is applied to the upper surface of the substrate after etching. It was applied with a roll coater so that the thickness after curing was 40 ⁇ m. Subsequently, by performing exposure and development, a solder resist 7 having an opening at a desired location on the conductor circuit was formed. Further, a solder resist 7 having an opening diameter of 500 ⁇ m was formed on the upper surface of a copper pad having a land diameter of 600 ⁇ m in order to form a solder ball connection pad on the lower surface.
- PSR-4000 AUS5 trade name, manufactured by Taiyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
- Electroless gold plating As shown in FIG. 2 (k), the substrate after the solder resist 7 was formed was placed on HGS-100 (Hitachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name) as a replacement gold plating solution at 85 ° C. It was immersed for 2 minutes and further washed with water for 1 minute. Next, it is immersed in HGS-2000 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) which is a reduced type gold plating solution at 70 ° C. for 45 minutes, and further washed with water for 5 minutes to produce an electroless gold plating film (gold layer 8 ) Was formed. The total film thickness of the electroless gold plating film obtained by displacement gold plating and reduction type gold plating was 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the nickel layer, the palladium layer, and the gold layer is the fluorescent X-ray film thickness meter SFT9500 (trade name, manufactured by SII Nano Technology Co., Ltd.). And measured.
- a semiconductor chip mounting substrate having terminal portions covered with the gold layer 8 on the upper and lower surfaces as shown in FIG.
- the upper terminal portion corresponds to a wire bonding connection terminal
- the lower terminal portion corresponds to a solder connection terminal.
- the semiconductor chip mounting substrate has 1000 of each of these terminals (the same applies to the following examples and comparative examples).
- D Plating partially protrudes from the outer periphery of the terminal portion and deposits, and the distance between the circuit conductors is 5 ⁇ m or more and less than 15 ⁇ m.
- E Plating partially protrudes and precipitates on the outer periphery of the terminal portion, and the distance between the circuit conductors is less than 5 ⁇ m.
- the wire bonding property (wire bonding connectivity) of the connection terminal was evaluated by the following reference
- a gold wire pull test is performed to measure the strength until the gold wire is pulled and detached from the terminal using a bond tester (trade name: BT2400PC, manufactured by Dage). Connection reliability was evaluated for each terminal. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.
- D The average value of wire pull strength is less than 3 g
- solder connection reliability of the connection terminals was evaluated according to the following criteria. That is, after connecting Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder balls with a diameter of 0.76 mm to 1000 solder connection terminals on a semiconductor chip mounting substrate in a reflow furnace (peak temperature 252 ° C.), impact resistance Using a high-speed bond tester 4000HS (trade name, manufactured by Daisy Corporation), a shear (shear) test of the solder balls was performed under the condition of about 200 mm / sec (leaving time 0 h). In addition, after preparing a plurality of semiconductor chip mounting substrates to which solder balls are connected by reflow and leaving them at 150 ° C. for 100, 300, and 1000 hours, respectively, a solder ball shear (shear) test is similarly performed on these substrates. It was.
- the evaluation criteria of solder connection reliability are as follows, and evaluation was performed for each terminal based on such criteria. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.
- D Breakage in modes other than shearing due to shear in the solder balls was observed at 101 or more locations.
- the nickel layer 6 in contact with the gold layer 8 was measured by an electron backscatter (EBSD) method (hereinafter abbreviated as EBSD), and an average particle size was obtained.
- EBSD electron backscatter
- SU6600 trade name, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.
- OIM Orientation Imaging Macrograph, analysis software name “OIMA Analysis”
- the average particle diameter is obtained by measuring the cross section of the nickel layer 6 in contact with the gold layer 8 with a width of 15 ⁇ m, calculating the cross-sectional area of each crystal grain, obtaining the average, and calculating the average diameter when converted to a circle. The particle size was taken. The central part of the circuit conductor width of 35 ⁇ m was observed by EBSD.
- Table 3 shows the average value of the crystal grain size of nickel on the surface on the gold layer 8 side in the nickel layer 6 obtained by such observation.
- Example 2 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- SA-100 made by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., a product manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- a palette made by Kojima Chemical Co., Ltd.
- a film palladium layer was deposited to a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m.
- step (1k) was replaced with HGS-100 (Hitachi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name) with the substitution gold plating in the step.
- HGS-100 Haitachi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name
- a semiconductor chip mounting substrate was obtained in the same manner except that it was performed by dipping at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- Example 3 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- parablite SST-L Japanese High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name
- Electrolytic palladium plating was performed at 60 ° C. and 1 A / dm 2 for 40 seconds to deposit a palladium plating film (palladium layer) having a thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the step (1k) was replaced with HGS-100 (Hitachi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name) with the substitution gold plating in the step.
- a semiconductor chip mounting substrate was obtained in the same manner except that it was performed by dipping at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- Example 4 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- acid strike Nihon High-Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name
- Strike electrolytic gold plating was performed at 2 ° C. and 20 ° C. for 20 seconds.
- the steps (1h) to (1j) in Example 1 were performed in the same manner.
- the substrate after the solder resist 7 is formed is immersed in HGS-2000 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) which is a reduction type gold plating solution for 45 minutes at 70 ° C., and further washed with water for 5 minutes.
- a gold layer was further formed on the gold layer formed by strike electrolytic gold plating.
- the total thickness of the gold layers formed by strike electrolytic gold plating and reduction type gold plating was 0.5 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates After performing the steps (1a) to (1g) in Example 1, parablite SST-L (Japan High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name) which is an electrolytic palladium plating solution was used on the surface of the nickel layer 6. Electrolytic palladium plating was performed at 60 ° C. and 1 A / dm 2 for 40 seconds to deposit a palladium plating film (palladium layer) having a thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m. Subsequently, the surface of the palladium plating film is subjected to strike electrolytic gold plating at 40 ° C.
- parablite SST-L Japanese High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name
- Example 6 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- SA-100 made by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., a product manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- a palette made by Kojima Chemical Co., Ltd.
- a step of forming a palladium layer on the nickel layer 6 was performed by depositing a 0.1 ⁇ m film.
- step (1k) was performed in the same manner except that the substitution gold plating in the step was performed by immersing in HGS-100 (Hitachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name) at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes. A semiconductor chip mounting substrate was obtained.
- HGS-100 Haitachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name
- Example 7 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- the electrolytic nickel plating solution having the following composition containing a brightener (primary brightener)
- the second copper layer under the conditions of a liquid temperature of 55 ° C. and a current density of 1.5 A / dm 2.
- a substrate for mounting a semiconductor chip is formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that electrolytic nickel plating is performed on 5 so as to obtain a thickness of about 3 ⁇ m, and nickel layer 6 is formed on second copper layer 5. Obtained.
- Nickel sulfate 240 g / L Nickel chloride: 45g / L Boric acid: 30 g / L Surfactant: 3ml / L (Nippon High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: pit inhibitor # 62) Saccharin (brightener): 0.1 g / L pH: 4
- Example 1 The obtained semiconductor chip mounting substrate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for fine wiring formability, wire bonding properties, solder connection reliability, and solder resist adhesion. The obtained results are shown in Table 1. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, the diffusion state of nickel on the gold film surface was evaluated. The obtained results are shown in Table 2. Further, the crystal grain sizes of nickel and gold in each of the nickel layer 6 and the gold layer 8 were observed using FIB / SIM in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained result is shown in FIG. Further, as in Example 1, the crystal grain size of the surface of the nickel layer 6 in contact with the gold layer 8 was measured by EBSD. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 8 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- the electrolytic nickel plating solution having the following composition containing a brightener (primary brightener)
- the second copper layer under the conditions of a liquid temperature of 55 ° C. and a current density of 1.5 A / dm 2.
- a substrate for mounting a semiconductor chip is formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that electrolytic nickel plating is performed on 5 so as to obtain a thickness of about 3 ⁇ m, and nickel layer 6 is formed on second copper layer 5. Obtained.
- Nickel sulfate 240 g / L Nickel chloride: 45g / L Boric acid: 30 g / L Surfactant: 3ml / L (Nippon High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: pit inhibitor # 62) Saccharin (brightener): 0.3 g / L pH: 4
- Example 1 The obtained semiconductor chip mounting substrate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for fine wiring formability, wire bonding properties, solder connection reliability, and solder resist adhesion. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 the diffusion state of nickel on the gold film surface was evaluated. The obtained results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 the crystal grain sizes of nickel and gold in each of the nickel layer 6 and the gold layer 8 were observed by FIB / SIM in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the obtained results are shown in FIG.
- Example 1 the crystal grain size of the surface of the nickel layer 6 in contact with the gold layer 8 was measured by EBSD. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 9 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates (2a) Preparation of inner layer plate As shown in FIG. 6 (a), a glass cloth base epoxy copper clad laminate having a thickness of 0.2 mm, in which a copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m is bonded to both sides of an insulating base. MCL-E-679 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) is used to remove unnecessary portions of the copper foil by etching and form through holes to form an inner layer board 1 on which an inner layer circuit is formed. Was made.
- thermosetting insulating resin film ABF-45H (Ajinomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd., trade name) Under the condition of 30 kgf / cm 2 , the laminate was heated and pressed for 60 minutes to form a buildup film 15.
- an electrolytic copper plating is 20 ⁇ m on the copper plating layer 3 using a copper sulfate bath at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C. and a current density of 1.0 A / dm 2.
- Electrolytic nickel plating As shown in FIG. 7 (g), using an electrolytic nickel plating solution that does not contain a brightener having the following composition, under conditions of a liquid temperature of 55 ° C. and a current density of 1.5 A / dm 2 . Then, electrolytic nickel plating was performed on the second copper layer 5 so as to obtain a thickness of about 3 ⁇ m, and a nickel layer 6 was formed on the second copper layer 5.
- solder resist As shown in FIG. 7 (j), a photosensitive solder resist “PSR-4000 AUS5” (trade name, manufactured by Taiyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) is applied to the upper surface of the substrate after etching. It was applied with a roll coater so that the thickness after curing was 40 ⁇ m. Subsequently, by performing exposure and development, a solder resist 7 having an opening at a desired location on the conductor circuit was formed. Further, a solder resist 7 having an opening diameter of 500 ⁇ m was formed on the upper surface of a copper pad having a land diameter of 600 ⁇ m in order to form a solder ball connection pad on the lower surface.
- PSR-4000 AUS5 trade name, manufactured by Taiyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
- Example 10 Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- parablite SST-L Japanese High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name
- Electrolytic palladium plating was performed at 60 ° C. and 1 A / dm 3 for 40 seconds to deposit a palladium plating film (palladium layer) having a thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 Thereafter, the steps (1h) to (1j) in Example 1 were performed, and then immersed in a pallet (Kojima Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name), which is a reduced palladium plating solution, for 1 minute at 70 ° C. A 0.1 ⁇ m-thick palladium plating film (palladium layer) was deposited. Thereafter, the step (1k) in Example 1 was performed except that the substitution gold plating in the step was immersed in HGS-100 (Hitachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name) at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes. In the same manner, a semiconductor chip mounting substrate was obtained.
- HGS-100 Haitachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name
- the substrate was immersed in SA-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), a plating activation treatment solution, at 25 ° C. for 5 minutes, washed with water for 1 minute, It was immersed in nickel PS-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), an electroless nickel plating solution, at 85 ° C. for 12 minutes and washed with water for 1 minute. Thereby, a 3 ⁇ m electroless nickel plating film was formed on the second copper layer.
- SA-100 trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the substrate after the formation of the electroless nickel plating film was immersed in HGS-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), a substitution gold plating solution, at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then washed with water for 1 minute. Then, it was immersed for 45 minutes at 70 ° C. in HGS-2000 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is a reduced gold plating solution, and washed with water for 5 minutes. Thus, a semiconductor chip mounting substrate was obtained. The total thickness of the gold layers obtained by displacement gold plating and reduction-type gold plating was 0.5 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 The obtained semiconductor chip mounting substrate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for fine wiring formability, wire bonding properties, solder connection reliability, and solder resist adhesion. The obtained results are shown in Table 1. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, the diffusion state of nickel on the gold layer surface was evaluated. The obtained results are shown in Table 2. Further, the crystal grain sizes of nickel and gold in each of the nickel layer and the gold layer were observed by FIB / SIM in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained result is shown in FIG. Further, as in Example 1, the crystal grain size on the surface of the nickel layer in contact with the gold layer was measured by EBSD. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
- a substituted palladium plating solution having the following composition, which is a plating activation treatment solution, for 5 minutes, and then washed with water and dried, and then substituted palladium plated on the second copper layer. A film was formed.
- Composition of substituted palladium plating solution As palladium chloride (Pd): 100 mg / L Ammonium chloride: 10 g / L pH: 2 (adjusted with hydrochloric acid)
- the treated substrate was immersed in nickel PS-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is an electroless nickel plating solution, at 85 ° C. for 12 minutes, and then washed with water for 1 minute. Thereby, a 3 ⁇ m electroless nickel plating film was formed on the palladium plating film.
- the substrate was immersed in HGS-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), a replacement gold plating solution, at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes, washed with water for 1 minute, and then reduced gold plating solution.
- HGS-2000 trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the total thickness of the gold layers obtained by displacement gold plating and reduction-type gold plating was 0.5 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 The obtained semiconductor chip mounting substrate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for fine wiring formability, wire bonding properties, solder connection reliability, and solder resist adhesion. The obtained results are shown in Table 1. Further, as in Example 1, the crystal grain size on the surface of the nickel layer in contact with the gold layer was measured by EBSD. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
- the substrate after the treatment with the substituted palladium plating solution is immersed in nickel PS-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is an electroless nickel plating solution, at 85 ° C. for 12 minutes, and then for 1 minute. Washed with water. Thereby, a 3 ⁇ m electroless nickel plating film was formed on the palladium plating film.
- the substrate was immersed in HGS-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is a displacement gold plating solution, at 85 ° C. for 10 minutes, washed with water for 1 minute, and reduced gold plating solution.
- Example 1 The obtained semiconductor chip mounting substrate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for fine wiring formability, wire bonding properties, solder connection reliability, and solder resist adhesion. The obtained results are shown in Table 1. Further, as in Example 1, the crystal grain size on the surface of the nickel layer in contact with the gold layer was measured by EBSD. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
- step (1g) Manufacture of semiconductor chip mounting substrates
- the electrolytic nickel plating solution having the following composition containing a brightener (primary brightener)
- the second copper layer under the conditions of a liquid temperature of 55 ° C. and a current density of 1.5 A / dm 2.
- a substrate for mounting a semiconductor chip was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that electrolytic nickel plating was performed so that a thickness of about 3 ⁇ m was obtained and a nickel layer was formed on the second copper layer.
- Nickel sulfate 240 g / L Nickel chloride: 45g / L Boric acid: 30 g / L Surfactant: 3ml / L (Nippon High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: pit inhibitor # 62) Saccharin (brightener): 2 g / L pH: 4
- the obtained semiconductor chip mounting substrate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for fine wiring formability, wire bonding properties, solder connection reliability, and solder resist adhesion. The obtained results are shown in Table 1. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, the diffusion state of nickel on the gold layer surface was evaluated. The obtained results are shown in Table 2. Further, the crystal grain sizes of nickel and gold in each of the nickel layer and the gold layer were observed by FIB / SIM in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained result is shown in FIG. Furthermore, the crystal grain size of the nickel layer in contact with the gold layer was measured by EBSD. The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
- the substrate after the solder resist was formed was immersed in SA-100 (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is a plating activation treatment solution, at 25 ° C. for 5 minutes and washed with water for 1 minute.
- SA-100 trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- nickel PS-100 trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- electroless nickel plating solution at 85 ° C. for 12 minutes and washed with water for 1 minute.
- strike electrolysis gold plating is performed for 20 seconds at 40 ° C. and 2 A / dm 2 using acid strike (Nihon Kosei Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name) which is a strike electrolysis gold plating solution. went. Furthermore, electrolytic gold plating was performed at 70 ° C. and 0.3 A / dm 2 for 4 minutes using a tempe resist (Japan High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name) which is an electrolytic gold plating solution. Thus, a semiconductor chip mounting substrate was obtained. The total film thickness of the gold layer formed by strike electrolytic gold plating and electrolytic gold plating was 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the obtained semiconductor chip mounting substrate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for fine wiring formability, wire bonding properties, solder connection reliability, and solder resist adhesion.
- the obtained results are shown in Table 1.
- the diffusion state of nickel on the gold layer surface was evaluated.
- the obtained results are shown in Table 2.
- the crystal grain sizes of nickel and gold in each of the electroless nickel plating film and the gold layer were observed by FIB / SIM in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the obtained result is shown in FIG.
- the crystal grain size of the electroless nickel plating film surface in contact with the gold layer was measured by EBSD.
- Table 3 The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 1 in Examples 1, 7 and 8, it was formed by performing electroless gold plating after electrolytic nickel plating containing no brightener or suppressing the amount of brightener. From the results of FIB / SIM observation, the nickel layer 6 / gold layer 8 was confirmed to have a large crystal grain size of nickel in the nickel layer 6 and a large crystal grain size of gold in the gold layer. In the case of Example 1, the abundance of nickel in the gold layer 8 after the heat treatment for 50 hours was as small as 3.2 at%, and the wire bonding property was good.
- SYMBOLS 1 ... Inner layer board, 2 ... Copper foil with resin, 3 ... Copper plating layer, 4 ... Resist (plating resist), 5 ... 2nd copper layer, 6 ... Nickel layer, 7 ... Solder resist, 8 ... Gold layer, 9 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Reduction type gold plating film, 11 ... Substitution gold plating film, 13 ... Metal layer, 15 ... Insulating layer, 21 ... Insulating layer, 22 ... Copper foil, 30 ... IVH, 32 ... First copper layer, 50 ... Conductor Circuit: 100... Inner layer substrate, 102... Inner layer circuit, 104... Inner layer via, 110.
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Abstract
Description
(1)内層回路を表面に有する内層板の上下に、銅箔付き樹脂をラミネートする工程、
(2)銅箔付き樹脂にインタースティシャルバイアホール(IVH)を設け、銅箔上およびIVH内部に無電解銅めっき層を形成する工程、
(3)無電解銅めっき層上における導体回路を形成すべき箇所を除いて電解めっきレジストを形成する工程、
(4)導体回路を形成すべき箇所に、電解銅めっきにより銅回路を形成する工程、(5)電解めっきレジストを剥離する工程、
(6)エッチング液を用いて、導体回路を形成すべき部分以外の部分の上記銅箔及び無電解銅めっき層をエッチングにより除去する工程、
(7)導体回路が形成された基板の表面にソルダーレジストパターンを形成する工程、
(8)導体回路上に無電解ニッケルめっき皮膜を形成する工程、及び、
(9)前記導体回路の最表面に、さらに無電解金めっき皮膜を形成する工程、により実施することが知られている。すなわち、銅からなる導体回路上の特定部位に、無電解ニッケルめっき(工程(8))/無電解金めっき(工程(9))を行い、これによって接続端子を形成する。
以下、半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法の好適な第1実施形態について説明する。図1及び2は、第1実施形態に係る半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法を模式的に示す工程図である。本実施形態は、内層板に対し、銅箔付き樹脂を用いて外層回路の形成を行うセミアディティブ法による半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法の例である。
次に、半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法の好適な第2実施形態について説明する。図6及び7は、第2実施形態に係る半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法を模式的に示す工程図である。本実施形態は、内層板に対し、ビルドアップフィルムを積層した後に銅めっき層を形成する工程を含む、セミアディティブ法による半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法の例である。
まず、従来、無電解ニッケルめっきによってブリッジが発生し易かった要因としては、(1)配線間のエッチング残渣、(2)無電解銅めっきにより銅配線を形成した際に、配線間に残った無電解銅めっき用のPd触媒残渣、(3)無電解ニッケルめっきを行う前の置換Pdめっき処理によるPd触媒残渣、(4)無電解めっきにおける還元剤として一般的に使用されている次亜リン酸の酸化により発生する水素ガス、等が複合的に作用していると考えられる。
従来のように銅回路上に無電解ニッケル/無電解金めっきを施す場合、上述した非特許文献2に記載のように、無電解ニッケルめっき層が、置換金めっき反応によって溶解し、脆弱層が形成されることがある。この脆弱層は、一般的に適用される無電解ニッケルは、無電解ニッケル-リン合金めっきであり、その後の置換金めっき反応ではニッケルのみが溶出し易いため、リンが濃縮されて溶解し残ることにより形成さされると考えられる。そして、このような脆弱層の形成によって、はんだ接続信頼性が低下する。
従来の無電解ニッケル/無電解金めっきの場合、上述した非特許文献2に記載のように、熱処理にともなってワイヤボンディング性が著しく低下することが示されている。このようにワイヤボンディング性が低下する理由としては、金めっき皮膜の粒界を無電解ニッケル皮膜からのニッケルが拡散し、これにより金めっき皮膜の表面にニッケルが移行し、この表面でニッケル酸化物を形成することが考えられる。そして、このように生じたニッケル酸化物が、金ワイヤと金めっき皮膜との接着を妨害し、ワイヤボンディング性の低下を招いていると考えられる。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
(1a)内層板の準備
まず、図1(a)に示すように、絶縁基材に厚さ18μmの銅箔を両面に貼り合わせた、厚さ0.2mmのガラス布基材エポキシ銅張積層板であるMCL-E-679(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)を準備し、その不要な箇所の銅箔をエッチングにより除去し、スルーホールを形成して、表面に内層回路が形成された内層板(内層板1)を得た。
図1(b)に示すように、内層板の両面に、3μmの厚みの銅箔22に接着剤(絶縁層21)を塗布したMCF-7000LX(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)を、170℃、30kgf/cm2の条件で60分間加熱加圧してラミネートした。
図1(c)に示すように、炭酸ガスインパクトレーザー穴あけ機L-500(住友重機械工業株式会社製、商品名)により、銅箔22上から直径80μmの非貫通孔であるIVH30をあけた。さらに、IVH30形成後の基板を過マンガン酸カリウム65g/Lと水酸化ナトリウム40g/Lの混合水溶液に、液温70℃で20分間浸漬し、孔内のスミアの除去を行った。
図1(d)に示すように、(1c)の工程後の基板を、パラジウム溶液であるHS-202B(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)に25℃で15分間浸漬して、銅箔22表面に触媒を付与した。その後、CUST-201(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)を使用して、液温25℃、30分の条件で無電解銅めっきを行った。これにより銅箔21上及びIVH30内の表面に厚さ0.3μmの無電解銅めっき層(銅めっき層3)を形成した。
図1(e)に示すように、ドライフィルムフォトレジストであるRY-3025(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)を、無電解銅めっき層の表面にラミネートし、電解銅めっきを行うべき箇所をマスクするフォトマスクを介してフォトレジストに紫外線を露光した後、現像して、電解めっきレジスト(レジスト4)を形成した。
図1(f)に示すように、硫酸銅浴を用い、液温25℃、電流密度1.0A/dm2の条件で、銅めっき層3上に電解銅めっきを20μmほどの厚さが得られるように行い、回路導体幅/回路導体間隔(L/S)=35/35μmのパターン形状を有する第2の銅層5を形成した。また、かかるパターン形状を形成した面と反対側の面には、はんだボール接続用のランド径600μmのパッドが形成されるように、電解銅めっき皮膜(第2の銅層5)を形成した。
図2(g)に示すように、光沢剤を含有しない下記の組成の電解ニッケルめっき液を用いて、液温55℃、電流密度1.5A/dm2の条件で、電解銅めっき層上に電解ニッケルめっきを3μmほどの厚さが得られるように行い、電解ニッケル皮膜(ニッケル層6)を形成した。
電解ニッケルめっき液(ワット浴)の組成
硫酸ニッケル:240g/L
塩化ニッケル:45g/L
ホウ酸 :30g/L
界面活性剤 :3ml/L
(日本高純度化学株式会社製、商品名:ピット防止剤♯62)
pH :4
図2(h)に示すように、レジスト剥離液であるHTO(ニチゴー・モートン株式会社製、商品名)を用いて、電解めっきレジストの除去を行った。
図2(i)に示すように、主成分として硫酸20g/L、過酸化水素10g/Lの組成のエッチング液を用いて、電解めっきレジストで覆われていた部分の銅(銅箔21及び銅めっき層3)をエッチングにより除去した。
図2(j)に示すように、エッチング後の基板の上側の表面に、感光性のソルダーレジスト「PSR-4000 AUS5」(太陽インキ製造株式会社製、商品名)をロールコータにより塗布し、硬化後の厚みが40μmとなるようにした。続いて、露光・現像をすることにより、導体回路上の所望の場所に開口部を有するソルダーレジスト7を形成した。また、下側の表面には、はんだボール接続用のパッドを形成するために、ランド径600μmの銅パッドの上部に、500μmの開口径をもったソルダーレジスト7を形成した。
図2(k)に示すように、ソルダーレジスト7形成後の基板を、置換金めっき液であるHGS-100(日立化成工業株式会社、商品名)に、85℃で2分間浸漬させ、更に1分間水洗した。次いで、還元型の金めっき液であるHGS-2000(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)に、70℃で45分間浸漬させ、更に5分間水洗して、無電解金めっき皮膜(金層8)を形成した。置換金めっき及び還元型の金めっきによって得られた無電解金めっき皮膜の膜厚の合計は0.5μmであった。なお、本実施例及び以下の実施例や比較例においては、ニッケル層、パラジウム層及び金層の膜厚は、蛍光X線膜厚計SFT9500(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー株式会社製、商品名)を用いて測定した。
(1)微細配線形成性
上記で得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、下記の基準により無電解金めっき後の微細配線形成性を評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。
A:ブリッジが形成されておらず、端子部分にめっき皮膜が良好に形成されており、回路導体間隔が25μm以上である。
B:端子部分の外周に部分的にめっきがはみ出して析出しており、回路導体間隔が20μm以上、25μm未満である。
C:端子部分の外周に部分的にめっきがはみ出して析出しており、回路導体間隔が15μm以上、20μm未満である。
D:端子部分の外周に部分的にめっきがはみ出して析出しており、回路導体間隔が5μm以上、15μm未満である。
E:端子部分の外周に部分的にめっきがはみ出して析出しており、回路導体間隔が5μm未満である。
上記で得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、下記の基準により接続端子のワイヤボンディング性(ワイヤボンディング接続性)を評価した。
すなわち、実施例1に対応する複数の半導体チップ搭載用基板に対し、150℃で3、10、50、100及び200時間の熱処理をそれぞれ実施し、各熱処理時間が経過した時点でワイヤボンディングを行った。ワイヤボンディングは、ワイヤ径28μmの金ワイヤを用い、1000箇所のワイヤボンディング接続用の端子の全てで行った。ワイヤボンディング装置としては、UTC200-Super2(株式会社新川、商品名)を用い、ボンディング温度(ヒートブロック温度):165℃、ボンド荷重:70gf、超音波出力:90PLS、超音波時間:25msの条件とした。
A:ワイヤプル強度の平均値が10g以上
B:ワイヤプル強度の平均値が8g以上10g未満
C:ワイヤプル強度の平均値が3g以上8g未満
D:ワイヤプル強度の平均値が3g未満
上記で得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、下記の基準により接続端子のはんだ接続信頼性を評価した。
すなわち、半導体チップ搭載用基板における1000箇所のはんだ接続端子に、φ0.76mmのSn-3.0Ag-0.5Cuはんだボールを、リフロー炉で接続させた後(ピーク温度252℃)、耐衝撃性ハイスピードボンドテスター 4000HS(デイジ社製 商品名)を用いて、約200mm/秒の条件ではんだボールのシェア(剪断)試験を行った(放置時間0h)。また、はんだボールをリフローにより接続させた半導体チップ搭載用基板を複数準備し、それぞれ150℃で100、300、1000時間放置した後、これらについても同様にしてはんだボールのシェア(剪断)試験を行った。
A:1000箇所全てのはんだ用接続端子においてはんだボール内での剪断による破壊が認められた。
B:はんだボール内での剪断による破壊以外のモードによる破壊が1箇所以上10個所以下で認められた。
C:はんだボール内での剪断による破壊以外のモードによる破壊が11箇所以上100個所以下で認められた。
D:はんだボール内での剪断による破壊以外のモードによる破壊が101個所以上で認められた。
半導体チップ搭載用基板の端子部分における金層8へのニッケルの拡散状態を調べるため、次のような試験を行った。すなわち、複数の半導体チップ搭載用基板について、それぞれ150℃で50、100、200時間の熱処理を行った後、X線光電子分光装置AXIS 165型(島津製作所社製 商品名)を用いて、金層表面の元素分析を行い、金層表面に存在している元素の種類及びその割合を求めた。得られた結果を表2に示した。
端子部分におけるニッケル層6及び金層8のそれぞれにおけるニッケル及び金の結晶粒径を調べるため、端子部分を収束イオンビーム加工観察装置(FIB:Focused Ion Beam System、(株)日立製作所製FB-2000A型)を用いて加工し、FIBに併設されている走査イオン顕微鏡(SIM:Scanning Ion Microscope(以下、FIB/SIMと省略))を用いて観察した。得られた結果を図9に示す。図9中、Auが金層を、Niがニッケル層をそれぞれ示している(図10~14についても同様)。
導体回路とソルダーレジストとの接着性を、PCT(Pressure Cooker Test)試験を行うことにより評価した。すなわち、上記(1j)の工程において、ランド径600μmのはんだボール接続用のパッドが1000箇所形成されている導体回路を全て覆うように、開口部がないソルダーレジスト7を形成して、これを試験サンプルとした。この試験サンプルに対し、121℃/100%RH/2.3atmの条件下で96時間処理する吸湿(PCT)処理を行った。処理後、はんだボール接続用のパッドの上部で膨れが生じているか否かを目視で観察して、ソルダーレジストの導体回路に対する接着性を評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。なお、表中の評価結果は、以下の基準に基づくものである。
A:膨れの発生無し
B:膨れが1~30箇所で発生
C:膨れが31~100箇所で発生
D:膨れが100箇所以上で発生
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1g)の工程を行った後、ニッケル層6形成後の基板を、液温25℃の置換パラジウムめっき液であるSA-100(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)に2分間浸漬させ、水洗を1分間行い、さらに還元型パラジウムめっき液であるパレット(小島化学薬品株式会社製、商品名)に、70℃で1分間、浸漬して、還元型パラジウムめっき皮膜(パラジウム層)を0.1μm析出させた。その後、実施例1における(1h)~(1j)の工程を行った後、(1k)の工程を、当該工程における置換金めっきを、HGS-100(日立化成工業株式会社、商品名)に、85℃で10分間浸漬することにより行ったこと以外は同様に行って、半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1g)の工程を行った後、ニッケル層6の表面に、電解パラジウムめっき液であるパラブライトSST-L(日本高純度化学株式会社、商品名)を用いて、60℃、1A/dm2で40秒間、電解パラジウムめっきを行い、0.2μmの厚みのパラジウムめっき皮膜(パラジウム層)を析出させた。その後、実施例1における(1h)~(1j)の工程を行った後、(1k)の工程を、当該工程における置換金めっきを、HGS-100(日立化成工業株式会社、商品名)に、85℃で10分間浸漬することにより行ったこと以外は同様に行って、半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1g)の工程を行った後、ニッケル層6の表面に、ストライク電解金めっき液であるアシドストライク(日本高純度化学株式会社、商品名)を用いて、40℃、2A/dm2で20秒間、ストライク電解金めっきを行った。その後、実施例1における(1h)~(1j)の工程を同様に行った。続いて、ソルダーレジスト7形成後の基板を、還元型の金めっき液であるHGS-2000(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)に、70℃において45分間浸漬させ、更に5分間水洗して、ストライク電解金めっきにより形成された金層上に金層を更に形成した。これにより、半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。ストライク電解金めっき及び還元型の金めっきにより形成された金層の膜厚の合計は、0.5μmであった。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1g)の工程を行った後、ニッケル層6の表面に、電解パラジウムめっき液であるパラブライトSST-L(日本高純度化学株式会社、商品名)を用いて、60℃、1A/dm2で40秒間、電解パラジウムめっきを行い、0.2μmの厚みのパラジウムめっき皮膜(パラジウム層)を析出させた。続いて、このパラジウムめっき皮膜の表面に、ストライク電解金めっき液であるアシドストライク(日本高純度化学株式会社、商品名)を用いて、40℃、2A/dm2で20秒間、ストライク電解金めっきを行った。その後、実施例1における(1h)~(1j)の工程を行った。それから、ソルダーレジスト7形成後の基板を、還元型の金めっき液であるHGS-2000(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)に、70℃において45分間浸漬させ、更に5分間水洗して、ストライク電解金めっきにより形成された金層上に金層を更に形成した。これにより、半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。ストライク電解金めっき及び還元型の金めっきにより形成された金層の膜厚の合計は0.5μmであった。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1j)の工程を行った後、ソルダーレジスト7形成後の基板を、液温25℃の置換パラジウムめっき液であるSA-100(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)に2分間浸漬させた後、水洗を1分間行い、次いで還元型パラジウムめっき液であるパレット(小島化学薬品株式会社製、商品名)に、70℃で1分間浸漬し、還元型パラジウムめっき皮膜を0.1μm析出させることにより、ニッケル層6上にパラジウム層を形成する工程を行った。その後、(1k)の工程を、当該工程における置換金めっきを、HGS-100(日立化成工業株式会社、商品名)に、85℃で10分間浸漬することにより行ったこと以外は同様に行って、半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
(1g)の工程において、光沢剤(一次光沢剤)を含有する下記組成の電解ニッケルめっき液を用いて、液温55℃、電流密度1.5A/dm2の条件で、第2の銅層5上に電解ニッケルめっきを3μmほどの厚さが得られるように行い、第2の銅層5上にニッケル層6を形成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。
電解ニッケルめっき液の組成
硫酸ニッケル : 240g/L
塩化ニッケル : 45g/L
ホウ酸 : 30g/L
界面活性剤 : 3ml/L
(日本高純度化学株式会社製、商品名:ピット防止剤♯62)
サッカリン(光沢剤): 0.1g/L
pH : 4
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金皮膜表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。さらに、ニッケル層6及び金層8のそれぞれにおけるニッケル及び金の結晶粒径について、実施例1と同様にFIB/SIMを用いて観察した。得られた結果を図10に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様に、EBSDにより金層8と接しているニッケル層6表面の結晶粒径を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
(1g)の工程において、光沢剤(一次光沢剤)を含有する下記組成の電解ニッケルめっき液を用いて、液温55℃、電流密度1.5A/dm2の条件で、第2の銅層5上に電解ニッケルめっきを3μmほどの厚さが得られるように行い、第2の銅層5上にニッケル層6を形成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。
電解ニッケルめっき液の組成
硫酸ニッケル : 240g/L
塩化ニッケル : 45g/L
ホウ酸 : 30g/L
界面活性剤 : 3ml/L
(日本高純度化学株式会社製、商品名:ピット防止剤♯62)
サッカリン(光沢剤): 0.3g/L
pH : 4
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。実施例1と同様にして、金皮膜表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。また、ニッケル層6及び金層8のそれぞれにおけるニッケル及び金の結晶粒径について、実施例1と同様にFIB/SIMにより観察した。得られた結果を図11に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様に、EBSDにより金層8と接しているニッケル層6表面の結晶粒径を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
(2a)内層板の準備
図6(a)に示すように、絶縁基材に、厚さ18μmの銅箔を両面に貼り合わせた、厚さ0.2mmのガラス布基材エポキシ銅張積層板であるMCL-E-679(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)を用い、その不要な箇所の銅箔をエッチングにより除去し、スルーホールを形成して、内層回路が形成された内層板1を作製した。
図6(b)に示すように、内層板1の両面に、熱硬化性絶縁樹脂フィルムABF-45H(味の素ファインテクノ株式会社製、商品名)を、170℃、30kgf/cm2の条件で、60分加熱加圧してラミネートし、ビルドアップフィルム15を形成した。
図6(c)に示すように、炭酸ガスインパクトレーザー穴あけ機L-500(住友重機械工業株式会社製、商品名)により、ビルドアップフィルム15上から直径80μmの非貫通孔であるIVH30をあけた。さらに、過マンガン酸カリウム65g/Lと水酸化ナトリウム40g/Lの混合水溶液に、IVH30形成後の基板を、液温70℃で20分間浸漬し、孔内のスミアの除去を行った。
図6(d)に示すように、(2c)の工程後の基板を、パラジウム溶液であるHS-202B(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)に25℃で15分間浸漬して、ビルドアップフィルム15の表面及びIVH30内の表面に触媒を付与した後、CUST-201(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)を使用して、液温25℃、30分の条件で無電解銅めっきを行った。これにより、ビルドアップフィルム15上及びIVH30内の表面に厚さ0.3μmの銅めっき層3を形成した。
図6(e)に示すように、ドライフィルムフォトレジストであるRY-3025(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)を、銅めっき層3の表面にラミネートし、電解銅めっきを行うべき箇所をマスクするフォトマスクを介してフォトレジストに紫外線を露光した後、現像して、電解めっきレジスト4を形成した。
図6(f)に示すように、硫酸銅浴を用いて、液温25℃、電流密度1.0A/dm2の条件で、銅めっき層3上に電解銅めっきを20μmほどの厚さが得られるように行い、回路導体幅/回路導体間隔(L/S)=35/35μmのパターン形状を有する第2の銅層5を形成した。また、また、かかるパターン形状を形成した面と反対側の面には、はんだボール接続用のランド径600μmのパッドが形成されるように、第2の銅層5を形成した。
図7(g)に示すように、下記の組成を有する光沢剤を含有しない電解ニッケルめっき液を用いて、液温55℃、電流密度1.5A/dm2の条件で、第2の銅層5上に電解ニッケルめっきを3μmほどの厚さが得られるように行い、第2の銅層5上にニッケル層6を形成した。
電解ニッケルめっき液(ワット浴)の組成
硫酸ニッケル: 240g/L
塩化ニッケル: 45g/L
ホウ酸 : 30g/L
界面活性剤 : 3ml/L
(日本高純度化学株式会社製、商品名:ピット防止剤♯62)
pH : 4
図7(h)に示すように、レジスト剥離液であるHTO(ニチゴー・モートン株式会社製、商品名)を用いて、電解めっきレジスト4の除去を行った。
図7(i)に示すように、主成分として硫酸20g/L、過酸化水素10g/Lの組成のエッチング液を用いて、電解めっきレジスト4で覆われていた部分の銅(銅めっき層3)をエッチングにより除去した。
図7(j)に示すように、エッチング後の基板の上側の表面に、感光性のソルダーレジスト「PSR-4000 AUS5」(太陽インキ製造株式会社製、商品名)をロールコータで塗布し、硬化後の厚みが40μmとなるようにした。続いて、露光・現像をすることにより、導体回路上の所望の場所に開口部を有するソルダーレジスト7を形成した。また、下側の表面には、はんだボール接続用のパッドを形成するために、ランド径600μmの銅パッドの上部に、500μmの開口径をもったソルダーレジスト7を形成した。
図7(k)に示すように、ソルダーレジスト7形成後の基板を、置換金めっき液であるHGS-100(日立化成工業株式会社、商品名)に、85℃で2分間浸漬させ、更に1分間水洗した。次いで、還元型の金めっき液であるHGS-2000(日立化成工業株式会社製、商品名)に、70℃で45分間浸漬させ、更に5分間水洗した。置換金めっき及び還元型の金めっきによって得られた金層8の膜厚の合計は0.5μmであった。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1g)の工程を行った後、ニッケル層6の表面に、電解パラジウムめっき液であるパラブライトSST-L(日本高純度化学株式会社、商品名)を用いて、60℃、1A/dm3で40秒間、電解パラジウムめっきを行い、0.2μmの厚みのパラジウムめっき皮膜(パラジウム層)を析出させた。その後、実施例1における(1h)~(1j)の工程を行った後、還元型パラジウムめっき液であるパレット(小島化学薬品株式会社、商品名)に、70℃で1分間浸漬して、還元型パラジウムめっき皮膜(パラジウム層)を0.1μm析出させた。その後、実施例1における(1k)の工程を、当該工程における置換金めっきを、HGS-100(日立化成工業株式会社、商品名)に、85℃で10分間浸漬することにより行ったこと以外は同様に行って、半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1f)の工程を行った後、(1g)(電解ニッケルめっき)の工程を行わずに、(1h)~(1j)の工程を行った。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。さらに、ニッケル層及び金層のそれぞれにおけるニッケル及び金の結晶粒径について、実施例1と同様にFIB/SIMにより観察した。得られた結果を図12に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様に、EBSDにより金層と接しているニッケル層表面の結晶粒径を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1f)の工程を行った後、(1g)(電解ニッケルめっき)の工程を行わずに、(1h)~(1j)の工程を行った。
置換パラジウムめっき液の組成
塩化パラジウム(Pd)として :100mg/L
塩化アンモニウム :10g/L
pH :2(塩酸により調整)
処理液の組成
チオ硫酸カリウム :50g/L
pH調整剤 :クエン酸ナトリウム
pH :6
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様に、EBSDにより金層と接しているニッケル層表面の結晶粒径を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1f)の工程を行った後、(1g)(電解ニッケルめっき)の工程を行わずに、(1h)~(1j)の工程を行った。
置換パラジウムめっき液の組成
塩酸(35%) :70ml/L
塩化パラジウム(Pd)として :50mg/L
次亜リン酸 :100mg/L
酸性度 :約0.8N
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様に、EBSDにより金層と接しているニッケル層表面の結晶粒径を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
(1g)の工程において、光沢剤(一次光沢剤)を含有する下記組成の電解ニッケルめっき液を用いて、液温55℃、電流密度1.5A/dm2の条件で、第2の銅層上に電解ニッケルめっきを3μmほどの厚さが得られるように行い、第2の銅層上にニッケル層を形成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして半導体チップ搭載用基板を得た。
電解ニッケルめっき液の組成
硫酸ニッケル : 240g/L
塩化ニッケル : 45g/L
ホウ酸 : 30g/L
界面活性剤 : 3ml/L
(日本高純度化学株式会社製、商品名:ピット防止剤♯62)
サッカリン(光沢剤): 2g/L
pH : 4
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。さらに、ニッケル層及び金層のそれぞれにおけるニッケル及び金の結晶粒径について、実施例1と同様にFIB/SIMにより観察した。得られた結果を図13に示す。さらに、EBSDにより金層と接しているニッケル層の結晶粒径を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
(半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造)
実施例1における(1a)~(1f)の工程を行った後、(1g)(電解ニッケルめっき)の工程を行わずに、(1h)~(1j)の工程を行った。
得られた半導体チップ搭載用基板について、実施例1と同様にして、微細配線形成性、ワイヤボンディング性、はんだ接続信頼性及びソルダーレジストの接着性について評価した。得られた結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、金層表面へのニッケルの拡散状態を評価した。得られた結果を表2に示す。さらに、無電解ニッケルめっき皮膜及び金層のそれぞれにおけるニッケル及び金の結晶粒径について、実施例1と同様にFIB/SIMにより観察した。得られた結果を図14に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様に、EBSDにより金層と接している無電解ニッケルめっき皮膜表面の結晶粒径を測定した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
Claims (14)
- 内層回路を表面に有する内層板と、前記内層回路と一部で接続するように絶縁層を隔てて前記内層板上に設けられた第1の銅層と、を有する積層体における前記第1の銅層上に、導体回路となるべき部分を除いてレジストを形成するレジスト形成工程と、
前記第1の銅層上の前記導体回路となるべき部分に、電解銅めっきにより第2の銅層を形成して、前記第1の銅層及び前記第2の銅層からなる前記導体回路を得る導体回路形成工程と、
前記導体回路上の少なくとも一部に、電解ニッケルめっきにより、前記導体回路とは反対側の面における結晶粒径の平均値が0.25μm以上であるニッケル層を形成するニッケル層形成工程と、
前記レジストを除去するレジスト除去工程と、
前記レジストに覆われていた部分の前記第1の銅層をエッチングにより除去するエッチング工程と、
前記ニッケル層が形成された前記導体回路上の少なくとも一部に、無電解金めっきにより金層を形成する金層形成工程と、を有する半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。 - 前記エッチング工程後、前記金層形成工程前に、前記ニッケル層が形成された前記導体回路の少なくとも一部が露出するように、表面にソルダーレジストを形成するソルダーレジスト形成工程を有する、請求項1記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 前記レジスト形成工程において、
前記内層板上に、樹脂を主成分とする絶縁層と銅箔とが積層された樹脂付き銅箔を、前記絶縁層が前記内層板側に向くようにして積層し、
前記内層板上に積層された前記樹脂付き銅箔に、前記内層回路の一部が露出するようにバイアホールを形成し、
前記銅箔及び前記バイアホール内を覆うように無電解銅めっきにより銅めっき層を形成して、前記銅箔及び前記銅めっき層からなり前記内層回路と一部で接続する前記第1の銅層を有する前記積層体を得た後、
前記積層体における前記第1の銅層上に、前記導体回路となるべき部分を除いて前記レジストを形成する、請求項1又は2記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。 - 前記樹脂付き銅箔における前記銅箔の厚みが、5μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 前記レジスト形成工程において、
内層回路を表面に有する内層板上に、導電性を有しないフィルムを積層して絶縁層を形成し、
前記内層板上に積層された前記絶縁層に、前記内層回路の一部が露出するようにバイアホールを形成し、
前記絶縁層及び前記バイアホール内を覆うように無電解銅めっきにより銅めっき層を形成して、前記銅めっき層からなり前記内層回路と一部で接続する前記第1の銅層を有する前記積層体を得た後、
前記積層体における前記第1の銅層上に、前記導体回路となるべき部分を除いて前記レジストを形成する、請求項1又は2記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。 - 前記導体回路形成工程後、前記ニッケル層形成工程前に、前記導体回路の一部が露出するようにして前記レジスト及び前記導体回路を覆う上部レジストを更に形成する上部レジスト形成工程を有し、
前記ニッケル層形成工程において、前記上部レジストから露出した部分の前記導体回路上に前記ニッケル層を形成し、
前記レジスト除去工程において、前記レジスト及び前記上部レジストの両方を除去する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。 - 前記ニッケル層形成工程後、前記金層形成工程前に、前記ニッケル層上に、コバルト、パラジウム、白金、金からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の金属からなる金属層を、無電解めっき又は電解めっきにより形成する金属層形成工程を有する、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 前記ソルダーレジスト形成工程後、前記金層形成工程前に、前記ソルダーレジストから露出した前記ニッケル層が形成された前記導体回路上に、無電解パラジウムめっきによりパラジウム層を形成する金属層形成工程を有する、請求項2~7のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 前記金属層形成工程において、前記パラジウム層を、置換パラジウムめっきを行った後、還元型のパラジウムめっきを行うことにより形成する、請求項8記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 前記金層形成工程において、前記無電解金めっきを、還元剤を含む無電解金めっき液を用いて行い、前記還元剤として、酸化により水素ガスを発生しないものを用いる、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 前記金層形成工程において、前記金層を、置換金めっきを行った後、還元型の金めっきを行うことにより形成する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 前記金層の厚みが、0.005μm以上である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 前記導体回路の少なくとも一部が、はんだ接続用端子又はワイヤボンディング用端子である、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法。
- 請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ搭載用基板の製造方法により得られる、半導体チップ搭載用基板。
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TW201126619A (en) | 2011-08-01 |
JP2011060824A (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
TWI471954B (zh) | 2015-02-01 |
KR20120055719A (ko) | 2012-05-31 |
CN102576693A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
US20120234584A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
US8997341B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
CN102576693B (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
JP5428667B2 (ja) | 2014-02-26 |
KR101368034B1 (ko) | 2014-02-26 |
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