HRP20030489A2 - Novel pyridine-substituted pyrazolopyridine derivatives - Google Patents
Novel pyridine-substituted pyrazolopyridine derivatives Download PDFInfo
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- HRP20030489A2 HRP20030489A2 HR20030489A HRP20030489A HRP20030489A2 HR P20030489 A2 HRP20030489 A2 HR P20030489A2 HR 20030489 A HR20030489 A HR 20030489A HR P20030489 A HRP20030489 A HR P20030489A HR P20030489 A2 HRP20030489 A2 HR P20030489A2
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- -1 pyridine-substituted pyrazolopyridine Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 9
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- ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-KHLHZJAASA-N cyclic guanosine monophosphate Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)O[P@](O)(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H]2N1C(N=C(NC2=O)N)=C2N=C1 ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-KHLHZJAASA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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Description
Predloženi izum odnosi se na nove kemijske spojeve koji stimuliraju topivu gvanilat ciklazu, na njihovu pripravu i na njihovu upotrebu kao lijekova, posebno kao lijekova za liječenje kardiovaskularnih bolesti.
Jedan od najvažnijih staničnih sistema transmisije u sisavcima je ciklički gvanozin monofosfat (cGMP). Zajedno s dušikovim monoksidom (NO) koji se oslobađa iz endotela i prenosi hormonske i mehaničke signale, on tvori sistem NO/cGMP. Gvanilat ciklaze kataliziraju biosintezu cGMP-a iz gvanozin trifosfata (GTP). Poznati predstavnici te porodice mogu se podijeliti u dvije skupine prema strukturnim značajkama i prema prirodi liganada: određene gvanilat ciklaze, koje se mogu stimulirati s natrijuretskim peptidima, i topive gvanilat ciklaze, koje se mogu stimulirati s NO. Topive gvanilat ciklaze se sastoje iz dviju podskupina i s vrlo visokom vjerojatnošću sadrže jedan hem po heterodimeru, koji je dio regulatorskog središta. To ima središnju važnost za mehanizam aktivacije. NO može vezati atom željeza hema i tako značajno pojačava aktivnost enzima. S druge strane, pripravci bez hema se ne mogu stimulirati s NO. CO se također može vezati na središnji atom željeza hema, pri čemu je stimulacija sa CO značajno niža nego s NO.
Zbog stvaranja cGMP-a i regulacije fosfodiesterase, iz čega proizlaze kanali željeza i protein kinaze, gvanilat ciklaza ima odlučujuću ulogu u raznim fiziološkim procesima, posebno u relaksaciji i proliferaciji stanica glatkih mišića, agregaciji trombocita i adheziji i transmisiji neuronskih signala, i u bolestima koje se temelje na poremećajima gore spomenutih procesa. Pod patofizioločkim uvjetima, NO/cGMP sistem može biti suprimiran, što može dovesti, na primjer, do visokog krvnog tlaka, aktivacije trombocita, povećane proliferacije stanica, disfunkcije nedotela, ateroskleroze, angine pektoris, kardijalne insuficijencije, tromboze, udara kapi i miokardijalnog infarkta.
Mogućnost liječenja bolesti ovog tipa, neovisno o NO, ciljajući u organizmu na utjecanje na cGMP signalne staze, je obećavajući pristup zbog visoke učinkovitosti i niskih sporednih učinaka koji se mogu očekivati.
Za terapeutsku stimulaciju topive gvanilat ciklaze, do sada su se upotrebljavali isključivo spojevi kao organski nitrati, čije djelovanje se temelji na NO. To nastaje biološkom konverzijom i aktivira topivu gvanilat ciklazu s napadom na središnji atom željeza u hemu. Osim sporednih efekata, bitan nedostatak tog načina liječenja uključuje razvijanje tolerancije.
Novijih godina, opisano je nekoliko tvari koje izravno stimuliraju topivu gvanilat ciklazu, tj. bez prethodnog oslobađanja NO, na primjer 3-(5'-hidroksimetil-2'-furil)-1-benzilindazol (YC-1, Wu et al., Blood 84 (1994), 4226; Miilsch et al., Br. J. Pharmacol. 120 (1997), 681), Fatti acids (Goldberg et al., J. Biol. Chem. 252 (1977), 1279), difenil-jodonij-heksafluorfosfat (Pettibone et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol. 116 (1985), 307), izolikviritigenin (Yu et al., Brit. J. Pharmacol. 114 (1995), 1587) i razni supstituirani derivati pirazola (WO 98/16223).
Osim toga, derivati pirazolopiridina su bili opisani kao stimulatori topive gvanilat ciklaze u WO 98/16507, WO 98/23619, WO 00/06567, WO 00/06568, WO 00/06569 i WO 00/21954. U tim patentnim prijavama su također opisani pirazolopiridini koji imaju pirimidinski radikal u položaju 3. Spojevi ovog tipa imaju vrlo visoko in vitro djelovanje što se tiče stimulacije topive gvanilat ciklaze. Međutim, vidjelo se je da ti spojevi imaju neke nedostatke što se tiče njihovih in vivo svojstava, na primjer njihovog ponašanja u jetri, njihovog farmakološkog ponašanja, odnosa reakcije na njihovu dozu ili njihovog puta metabolizma.
Zbog toga je glavni cilj predloženog izuma da se osiguraju daljnji derivati pirazolopiridina koji djeluju kao stimulatori topive gvanilat ciklaze, ali koji nemaju gore spomenutih nedostataka spojeva iz stanja tehnike.
Taj glavni cilj je prema predloženom izumu postignut sa spojevima prema zahtjevu 1. Ti novi derivati pirazolopiridina se razlikuju po pirimidinskom radikalu u položaju 3, koji ima određen način supstitucije, naime piridinski radikal u položaju 5 pirimidinskog prstena i amino skupinu u položaju 4 pirimidinskog prstena.
Specifično, predloženi izum odnosi se na spojeve formule (I)
[image]
u kojoj
R1 predstavlja 4-piridinil ili 3-piridinil;
R2 predstavlja H, NH2 ili halogen; i njihove soli, izomere i hidrate.
Prema alternativnoj izvedbi, predloženi izum odnosi se na spojeve formule (I), u kojoj
R1 predstavlja 4-piridinil ili 3-piridinil;
R2 predstavlja H, NH2 ili Cl; i njihove soli, izomere i hidrate.
Prema daljnjoj alternativnoj izvedbi, predloženi izum odnosi se na spojeve formule (I), u kojoj
R1 predstavlja 4-piridinil ili 3-piridinil;
R2 predstavlja H; i njihove soli, izomere i hidrate.
Spojevi formule (I) prema izumu mogu također biti prisutni u obliku njihovih soli. Općenito, ovdje se mogu spomenuti soli s organskim ili anorganskim bazama ili kiselinama.
U smislu predloženog izuma, prednost se daje fiziološki podnošljivim solima. Fiziološki podnošljive soli spojeva prema izumu mogu biti soli tvari prema izumu s mineralnim kiselinama, s karboksilnim kiselinama ili sa sulfonskim kiselinama. Posebno povoljne soli jesu, na primjer, s kiselinama iz niza koji čine solna kiselina, bromovodična kiselina, sumporna kiselina, fosforna kiselina, metansulfonska kiselina, etansulfonska kiselina, p-toluensulfonska kiselina, benzensulfonska kiselina, naftalendisulfonska kiselina, octena kiselina, propionska kiselina, mliječna kiselina, vinska kiselina, limunska kiselina, fumarna kiselina, maleinska kiselina ili benzojeva kiselina.
Fiziološki podnošljive soli mogu također biti soli s metalima ili amonijeve soli spojeva prema izumu koji imaju slobodnu karboksilnu skupinu. Te posebno prednosne soli jesu, na primjer, soli natrija, kalija, magnezija ili kalcijeve soli, i također amonijeve soli koje su dobivene od amonijaka, ili organskih amina kao što je etilamin, di-ili trietilamin, di- ili trietanolamin, dicikloheksilamin, dimetilaminoetanol, arginin, lizin ili etilendiamin.
Spojevi prema izumu mogu biti prisutni u tautomernim oblicima. To je stručnjaku poznato, i oblici tog tipa su također obuhvaćeni smislom izuma.
Spojevi prema izumu također se mogu pojaviti u obliku njihovih mogućih hidrata.
Halogen u smislu predloženog izuma predstavlja fluor, klor, brom i jod.
Spojevi formule (I) prema izumu mogu se dobiti reakcijom spoja formule (II)
[image]
A) sa spojem formule (III)
[image]
u kojoj
R1je definiran kao gore;
prema potrebi u organskom otapalu, uz grijanje, čime se dobije spoj formule (I); ili
B) sa spojem formule (IV)
[image]
u kojoj
R1 je definiran kao gore; u organskom otapalu, uz grijanje, čime se dobije spoj
[image]
formule (V) u kojoj
R1 je definiran kao gore;
zatim sa sredstvima za halogeniranje, čime se dobije spoj formule (VI)
[image]
u kojoj
R1 definiran kao gore;
R2 predstavlja halogen;
i na kraju s vodenom otopinom amonijaka uz grijanje i pod povišenim tlakom.
Spoj formule (II) može se proizvesti prema slijedećoj reakcijskoj shemi:
[image]
Spoj formule (II) se može dobiti sintezom u više stupnjeva iz natrijeve soli etil cijanopiruvata, koja je poznata iz literature (Borsche i Manteuffel, Liebigs. Ann. Chem. 1934, 512, 97) . Njezinom reakcijom s 2-fluorbenzil-hidrazinom uz grijanje i pod atmosferom zaštitnog plina u inertnom otapalu kao što je dioksan, dobije se etil 5-amino-1-(2-fluorbenzil)pirazol-3-karboksilat, koji ciklizira u reakciji s dimetilaminoakroleinom u kiseloj sredini pod atmosferom zaštitnog plina i uz grijanje, čime se dobije odgovarajući derivat piridina. Taj piridinski derivat, etil l-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksilat, se prevede u spoj formule (II) pomoću niza posebnih reakcija u više stupnjeva, a koja pretvorba se sastoji iz pretvorbe estera u odgovarajući amid upotrebom amonijaka, dehidratacije upotrebom sredstva za dehidrataciju, kao što je trifluorocteni anhidrid, čime se dobije odgovarajući nitritni derivat, zatim slijedi reakcija nitrilnog derivata s natrijevim etoksidom i na kraju reakcija s amonijevim kloridom.
Spojevi formule (III) mogu se proizvesti iz spojeva t-butoksi-bis(dimetilamino)metana i 4-piridilacetonitrila ili 3-piridilacetonitrila, koji su komercijalno dostupni (npr. od tvrtke Aldrich), reakcijom tih reaktanata, ponajprije ekvimolarnih količina, ponajprije pod normalnim tlakom i uz miješanje reakcijske otopine nekoliko sati, na primjer 2 sata, pri povišenoj temperaturi, na primjer 60-130°C, ponajprije 80-120°C, posebno 100°C.
Reakcija spojeva formula (II) i (III) kojom se dobiju spojevi formule (I) može se provesti upotrebom ekvimolarnih količina reaktanata ili upotrebom spoja formule (III) u malom suvišku u organskom otapalu, na primjer ugljikovodiku, ponajprije aromatskom ugljikovodiku, a posebno u ksilenu, ponajprije u prisutnosti 0,1-1 ekvivalenta, ponajprije 0,3 ekvivalenta Lewisove kiseline kao što je BF3Et2O ili trimetilsilil trif luorsulfonata (TMSOTf), ponajprije pod normalnim tlakom i uz miješanje reakcijske otopine nekoliko sati, na primjer 12 sati, pri povišenoj temperaturi, na primjer pri 80-160°C, ponajprije 100-150°C, posebno 140°C.
Spojevi formule (IV) su komercijalno dostupni (npr. od tvrtke Mercachem) ili se mogu sintetizirati postupcima koji su stručnjacima poznati.
Pretvorba spojeva formula (II) i (IV) u spojeve formule (V) može se provesti upotrebom ekvimolarnih količina reaktanata ili malog suviška spoja formule (IV) u organskom otapalu, na primjer u ugljikovodiku, ponajprije u aromatskom ugljikovodiku, a posebno toluenu, ponajprije pod normalnim tlakom i uz miješanje reakcijske otopine nekoliko sati, na primjer 12 sati, pri povišenoj temperaturi, na primjer 80-160°C, posebno 140°C.
Pretvorba spojeva formule (V) u spojeve formule (VI) može se provesti reakcijom spojeva formule (V) sa sredstvom za halogeniranje, prema potrebi u organskom otapalu koje se uobičajeno koristi za takove reakcije, na primjer u dimetilformamidu (DMF), ponajprije pod normalnim tlakom i uz miješanje reakcijske otopine nekoliko sati, na primjer 3 sata, pri povišenoj temperaturi, na primjer pri 80-160°, posebno pri 120°C. Prema izumu, prednost se daje upotrebi POCl3 kao sredstva za halogeniranje.
Pretvorbu spojeva formule (VI) u spojeve prema izumu formule (I) može se provesti reakcijom spojeva formule (VI) s vodenom otopinom amonijaka, ponajprije pod povišenim tlakom, na primjer provedbom reakcije u autoklavu pri čemu se pusti da se reakcija odvija pod tlakom same reakcijske otopine, i miješanjem reakcijske otopine nekoliko sati, na primjer 12 sati, pri povišenoj temperaturi, na primjer pri 80-160°C, ponajprije 100-150°C, posebno 140°C.
Spojevi formule (I) prema izumu pokazuju nepredvidiv, dragocjeni spektar farmakološkog djelovanja.
Spojevi formule (I) dovode do vazorelaksacije, inhibicije agregacije trombocita i do sniženja krvnog tlaka, te do porasta koronarnog protoka krvi. To djelovanje je posredovano izravnom stimulacijom topive gvanilat ciklaze i porastom intracelularne cGMP. Osim toga, spoj formule (I) prema izumu pojačava djelovanje tvari koje povećavaju količinu cGMP, na primjer EDRF (endotelium-derived relaxing factor), NO donora, protoporfirina IX, arahidonske kiseline ili fenilhidrazinskih derivata.
Zbog toga se oni mogu upotrijebiti u lijekovima za liječenje kardiovaskularnih bolesti, na primjer za liječenje visokog krvnog tlaka i kardijalne insuficijencije, stabilne i nestabilne angine pektoris, perifernih i kardijalnih vaskularnih bolesti, artitmija, za liječenje tromboembolijskih bolesti i ishemija, kao što je miokardijalni infarkt, udar kapi, prolaznih i ishemijskih napada, perifernih poremećaja cirkulacije, za prevenciju restenoza, kao nakon terapije tromboze, perkutane transluminalne angioplastije (PTA), percutane transluminalne koronarne angioplastije (PTCA), premoštenja i također za liječenje arterioskleroze, astmatičnih stanja i bolesti urogenitalnog sistema kao što je hipertrofija prostate, erektilna disfunkcija, ženska seksualna disfunkcija, osteoporoza, gastropareza i inkontinencija.
Spojevi formule (I) koji su opisani u predloženom izumu su također aktivni spojevi za suzbijanje bolesti u središnjem nervnom sistem koje su karakterizirane s poremećajima NO/cGMP sistema. Posebno, oni su prikladni za poboljšanje percepcije, snage koncentracije, sposobnosti učenja ili sposobnosti pamćenja nakon kognitivnih poremećaja, koji se pojavljuju, posebno, u situacijama/bolestima/sindromima kao što je blago kognitivno pogoršanje, poremećeno učenje i pamćenje povezano sa starošću, gubitak pamćenja povezan sa starošću, vaskularna demencija, kraniocerebralna trauma, udar kapi, demencija do koje dolazi nakon udara kapi (post-stroke dementia), posttraumatska kraniocerebralna trauma, opći poremećaj koncentracije, poremećaj koncentracije djece kod učenja i problemi pamćenja, Alzheimerova bolest, vaskularna demencija, demencija s Lewy-evim česticama, demencija s degeneracijom prednjih zalistaka, uključiv Pickovu demenciju, Parkinsonova bolest, progresivna nuklearna palsija, demencija s kortikobazalnom degeneracijom, amiolateralna skleroza (ALS), Huntingtonova bolest, multipla skleroza, talamična degeneracija, Creutzfeld-Jacobova demencija, HIV demencija, šizofrenija s demencijom ili KorsakoffIjeva psihoza. Oni su također prikladni za liječenje poremećaja središnjeg nervnog sistema kao što je stanje anksioznosti, napetosti i depresije, seksualne disfunkcije povezane sa središnjim nervnim sistemom i poremećaji spavanja, i za regulaciju patoloških poremećaja apsorcije hrane, čaja, kave, itd. i uzimanja sredstava ovisnosti.
Osim toga, aktivni spojevi su također prikladni za regulaciju cerebralne cirkulacije i oni su stoga dakle učinkovita sredstva za suzbijanje migrene. Oni su također prikladni za profilaksu i za suzbijanje posljedica cerebralnog udara (cerebralna apopleksija), kao što je udar kapi, cerebralna ishemija i kraniocerebralna trauma. Spojevi formule (I) prema izumu mogu se također upotrijebiti za suzbijanje stanja boli.
Spojevi prema izum imaju, osim toga, i protu-upalno djelovanje i stoga se mogu upotrijebiti kao protu-upalna sredstva.
Izum nadalje obuhvaća kombinaciju spojeva formule (I) prema izumu s organskim nitratima i NO donorima.
Organski nitrati i NO donori u smislu izuma su općenito tvari koje svoje terapeutsko djelovanje razvijaju preko oslobađanja NO ili vrste dušikovih oksida. Prednost se daje natrijevom nitroprusidu, nitroglicerinu, izosorbid dinitratu, izosorbid mononitratu, molsidominu i SIN-1.
Izum također obuhvaća kombinaciju spojeva koji sprečavaju razgradnju cikličkog gvanozin monofosfata (cGMP). Oni su, posebno, inhibitori fosfodiesteraza l, 2 i 5; nomenklatura je prema Beavo i Reifsynderu (1990) TiPS 11 str. 150 do 155. Pomoću tih inhibitora pojačava se djelovanje spojeva prema izumu i povećava se željeni farmakološki učinak.
Biološka ispitivanja
Vazorelaksirajuće djelovanje in vitro
Zečevi su usmrćeni udarcem u potiljak i uzeta je krv. Aorta je izvađena, očišćena od zaljepljenog tkiva, izrezana na prstenove širine 1,5 mm i prstenovi su pojedinačno stavljeni pod prednaponom u 5 ml otopine kupelji za organe zagrijane na 37°C koja je propuhana s karbogenom i koja je sadržavala Krebs-Henseleitovu otopinu slijedećeg sastava (mM) : NaCl: 119; KCl: 4,8; CaCl2*2H2O: 1; MgSO4*7H2O; 1,4; KH2PO4: 1,2; NaHCO3: 25; glukoza: 10. Sila kontrakcije utvrđena je upotrebom Statham UC2 ćelija, pojačana je i brojčano izražena pomoću A/D konvertera (DAS-1802 HC, Keithley Instruments, Munchen) , i zapisana na paralelnom linearnom pisaču. Da bi se dobilo kontrakciju, u kupelj je odjednom dodan fenilefrin rastućom koncentracijom. Nakon nekoliko kontrolnih ciklusa, ispitna tvar je ispitana u svakom daljnjem prolazu u rastućoj dozi u svakom slučaju i visina kontrakcije je uspoređena s visinom kontrakcije u posljednjem prethodnom prolazu. Iz toga je izračunata koncentracija koja je potrebna za smanjenje veličine kontrolne vrijednosti za 50% (IC50). Standardni volumen aplikacije je 5 μl i udio DMSO u kupelji odgovara koncentraciji od 0,1%. Rezultat je prikazan dolje u tablici 1.
Tablica 1. Vazorelaksantno djelovanje in vitro
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Određivanje Liver Clearance in vitro
(Određivanje brzine uklanjanja tvari iz tijela kroz jetru)
Štakori su anestetizirani, heparinizirani, i jetra je profundirana in situ preko portalne arterije. Zatim su iz jetre, pomoću otopine kolagenaze uzeti primarni hepatociti eks vivo. 2x10 hepatocita po ml je inkubirano pri 37°C s istom koncentracijom ispitnog spoja u svakom slučaju. Smanjenje ispitnog supstrata tijekom vremena utvrđeno je bioanalitički (HPLC/UV, HPLC/fluorescencijom ili LC/MSMS) u 5 vremenskih točaka u svakom slučaju tijekom perioda od 0-15 minuta nakon početka inkubacije. Iz toga, clearance je izračunata iz broja stanica i težine jetre.
Određivanje plazma clearance in vivo
Ispitna tvar je kao otopina data štakorima intravenski kroz repnu venu. U fiksnim vremenskim točkama iz štakora je uzeta krv i heparinizirana i iz toga je dobivena plazma na uobičajen način. Količina tvari je utvrđena u plazmi bioanalitički. Farmakokinetički parametri su izračunati iz tako utvrđenog tijeka krivulje koncentracije u plazmi ovisne o vremenu uobičajenim metodama koje se koriste u tu svrhu i koje su ne-kompartimentalne.
Predloženi izum obuhvaća i farmaceutske pripravke koji osim netoksičnih, inertnih, farmaceutski prikladnih nosača, sadrže spojeve formule (I) prema izumu, i postupke za proizvodnju tih pripravaka.
Aktivan spoj može prema potrebi također biti prisutan u mikrokapsuliranom obliku, u jednom ili više gore navedenih nosača.
Terapeutski reaktivan spoj formule (I) mora biti prisutan u gore spomenutim farmaceutskim pripravcima koncentracijom od približno 0,1 do 99,5 mas. %, ponajprije od približno 0,5 do 95 mas. % od ukupne smjese.
Osim spojeva formule (I) prema izumu, gore spomenuti farmaceutski pripravci mogu također sadržavati i druge farmaceutski aktivne spojeve.
Općenito, za postizanje željenih rezultata, pokazalo se je korisnim dati kako u humanoj medinici tako također i u veterini aktivan spoj prema izumu ukupnom količinom od približno 0,01 do približno 700, ponajprije 0,01 do 100, mg/kg tjelesne težine svakih 24 sata, prema potrebi u obliku nekoliko pojedinačnih doza. Pojedinačna doza sadrži aktivan spoj prema izumu ponajprije količinom od približno 0,1 do približno 80, posebno 0,1 do 30, mg/kg tjelesne težine.
Predloženi izum je dolje prikazan s više pojedinosti pomoću neograničavajućih prednosnih primjera. Ako nije navedeno drugačije, svi količinski podaci odnose se na masene postotke.
PRIMJERI
Kratice
RT: sobna temperatura,
EA: etil acetat,
MCPBA: m-klorperoksibenzojeva kiselina,
BABA: n-butil acetat/n-butanol/ledena octena kiselina/fosfatni pufer pH 6 (50:9:25,15; org. faza),
DMF: N,N-dimetilformamid,
Sredstvo za ispiranje za tankoslojnu kromatografiju:
T1 E1: toluen - etil acetat (1:1)
T1 EtOH1: toluen - metanol (1:1)
C1 E1: cikloheksan - etil acetat (1:1)
C1 E2: cikloheksan - etil acetat (1:2)
Postupci za određivanje HPLC vremena retencije ili preparativni postupci rastavijanja: Postupak A = (LC-MS):
eluent: A = acetonitril + 0,1% mravlje kiseline,
B = voda + 0,1% mravlje kiseline,
protok: 25 ml/min,
temperatura: 40°C,
materijal pakiranja: Symmetry C 18, 50x2,1 mm, 3,5 μm,
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Postupak B (preparativna HPLC):
eluent: A = Milli-Q-voda + 0,6 g koncentrirane solne kiseline s 1 l vode,
B = acetonitril, protok: 50 ml/min, temperatura: sobna temperatura,
materijal pakiranja: YMC-Gel ODS-AQS 11 μm 250x30 mm,
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Polazni spojevi
I. Sinteza 4-[(dimetilamino)metilen]-piridinacetonitrila (E/Z smjesa)
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7,52 g (63,7 mmola) 4-piridilacetonitrila i 11,09 g (63,7 mmola) terc-butoksi-bis(dimetilamino)metana se miješa 2 h pri 100°C. Za to vrijeme se oslobođeni dimetilamin i t-butanol odvode u atmosferu s protokom malo smanjenog tlaka pomoću vakuum pumpe. Naslovni spoj je dobiven vakuumskom kromatografijom (CH2Cl2/etil acetat 50:1->20:1).
Iskorištenje: 10,2 g (93%)
Rf: 0,29 (CH2C12/EA 20/1)
1H-NMR: (300 MHz, D6-DMSO), δ = 3,25 (s, 6 H, 2xCH3), 7,25 (d, 2 H, Ar-H), 7,80 (s, 1H, Ar-H), 8,33 (d, 2H, Ar-H).
MS: (ESI pos.), m/z = 174 ([M+H]+)
II. Sinteza 3-[(dimetilamino)metilen]-piridinacetonitrila (E/Z smjesa)
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3,00 g (25,4 mmolova) 3-piridilacetonitrila i 4,23 g (25,4 mmolova) terc-butoksibis(dimetilamino)metana se miješa 2 h pri 100°C. Tijekom toga oslobođeni dimetilamin i t-butanol se odvode u atmosferu s protokom malo smanjenog tlaka pomoću vakuum pumpe. Kad se ohladi, krutu tvar se odfiltrira, ispere s malo H20 i time se dobije naslovni spoj.
Iskorištenje: 4,23 g (96%)
Rf: 0,27 (CH2Cl2/MeOH 40/1)
1H-NMR: (300 MHz, D6-DMSO) , δ = 3, 08 (s, 3 H, CH3), 3,25 (s, 3 H, CH3), 7,29 (dd, 1H, Ar-H), 7,57 (s, 1H, =C-H), 7,66 (dt, 1H, Ar-H), 8,26 (d, 1H, Ar-H), 8,54 (d, 1H, Ar-H).
LCMS: Vrijeme retencije: 0,33 min (stupac: Symmetry, C-18, 3,5 μm, 50x2,1 mm, protok 0,5 ml/min, 40°C., gradijent:
voda (+0,1% mravlje kiseline):acetonitril (+0,1% mravlje kiseline) pri 0 min: 90:10, pri 7,5 min 10:90)); MS: (ESI poz.), m/z = 174 ([M+H]+)
III. Sinteza 1-(2-fluorbenzil)1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksamidina
3A) Etil 5-amino-1-(2-fluorbenzil)-pirazol-3-karboksilat
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100 g (0,613 mola) natrijeve soli etil cijanopiruvata (pripravljen analogno postupku Borsche-a i Manteuffel-a, Liebigs Ann. 1934, 512, 97) se pomiješa s 111,75 g (75 ml, 0,98 mola) trifluoroctene kiseline pri sobnoj temperaturi u 2,5 l dioksana pod argonom, uz dobro miješanje, i smjesu se miješa 10 minuta, pri čemu veliki dio polaznog materijala prijeđe u otopinu. Zatim se doda 85,93 g (0,613 mola) 2-fluor-benzilhidrazina i smjesu se kuha preko noći. Kad se ohladi istaloženi kristali natrijevog trifluoracetata se odsisaju, isperu s dioksanom i sirova otopina se koristi za daljnju reakciju.
3B) Etil 1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksilat
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Otopinu dobivenu u 3A) se pomiješa sa 61,25 ml (60,77 g, 0,613 mola) dimetilaminoakroleina i 56,28 ml (83,88 g, 0,736 mola) trifluoroctene kiseline i kuha se 3 dana pod argonom. Zatim se otapalo ispari u vakuumu, ostatak se doda k 2 l vode i smjesu se ekstrahira tri puta sa po 1 l etil acetata. Sjedinjene organske faze se osuše s magnezijevim sulfatom i koncentriraju na rotacijskom isparivaču. Ostatak se kromatografira na 2,5 g silica gela i ispere s gradijentom toluen/toluen-etil acetata (= 4:1). Iskorištenje: 91,6 g (49,9% od teorijskog u dva stupnja). Tal. 85°C. Rf(SiO2, T1E1): 0,83
3C) 1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksamid
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10,18 g (34 nunola) estera dobivenog u primjeru 3B) se stavi u 150 ml metanola zasićenog s amonijakom pri 0-10°C. Smjesu se miješa dva dana pri sobnoj temperaturi i zatim se koncentrira u vakuumu. Rf(SiO2, T1E1): 0,33
3D) 3-cijano-1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin
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36,1 g (133 mmola) 1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksamida iz primjera 3C) se otopi u 330 ml THF-a i pomiješa se s 27 g (341 mmol) piridina. Zatim se tijekom 10 minuta doda 47,76 ml (71,66 g, 341 mmol) anhidrida trifluoroctene kiseline, pri čemu temperatura poraste na 40°C. Smjesu se miješa preko noći pri sobnoj temperaturi. Smjesu se zatim doda uli vode i ekstrahira se tri puta sa po 0,5 l etil acetata. Organsku fazu se ispere sa zasićenom otopinom natrijevog hidrogenkarbonata i s 1N HCl, osuši se s MgSO4 i koncentrira na rotacijskom isparivaču.
Iskorištenje: 33,7 g (100% od teorijskog)
Tal.: 81°C. Rf(SiO2, T1E1): 0,74
3E) Metil (2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksimidat
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30,37 g (562 mmola) natrijevog metoksida se otopi u 1,5 l metanola i doda se 36,45 g (144,5 mmola) 3-cijano-1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridina (iz primjera 3D). Smjesu se miješa 2 sata pri sobnoj temperaturi i dobivenu otopinu se koristi izravno u slijedećem stupnju.
3F) 1-(2-fluorbenzil)1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksamidin
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Otopinu metil (2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]-piridin-3-karboksimidata, dobivenu u primjeru 3E), u metanolu se pomiješa s 33,76 g (32,19 ml, 562 mmola) ledene octene kiseline i 9,28 g (173 mmola) amonijevog klorida i miješa se preko noći pod refluksom. Otapalo se ispari u vakuumu, ostatak se dobro triturira s acetonom i kruti talog se odsisa.
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO, 200 MHz) : δ = 5, 93 (s, 2H); 7,1-7,5 (m, 4 H); 7,55 (dd, 1H); 8,12 (dd, 1H); 8,30 (dd, 1H); 9,5 (bs, 4H-izmjenljiv) ppm. MS (EI): m/z = 270,2 (M-HCl)
IV. Sinteza 2-[1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]-piridin-3-il]-5-(4-piridinil)-4,6-pirimidinediola
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3,27 g (12,1 mmolova) 1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo-[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksimid-amida iz primjera III se suspendira u 40 ml toluena, reagira s 2,88 g (12,1 mmola) dietil 2-(4-piridinil)malonata (komercijalno dostupan od tvrtke Mercachem) i miješa se preko noći pri 140°C. Za čišćenje, izlučeni talog se odsisa i osuši pod visokim vakuumom.
Iskorištenje: 2,43 g (43%). LC-MS: Rt = 2,69 min (postupak A).
MS (ESI poz.), m/z = 415 ([M+H]+).
V. Sinteza 3-[4,6-diklor-5-(4-piridinil)-2-pirimidinil]-1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo-[3,4-b]piridina
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2,39 g (5,77 mmol) 2-[l-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo-[3,4-b]piridin-3-il]-5-(4-piridinil)-4,6-pirimidinediola iz primjera IV se otopi u 10 ml fosforilklorida. K tome se dodaju 3 kapi DMFa i miješa se 3 h pod refluksom. Za čišćenje, reakcijsku otopinu se koncentrira i osuši pod visokim vakuumom. Iskorištenje: 0,67 g (24%) LC-MS: Rt = 4,34 min (postupak A).
MS (ESI poz.), m/z = 451 ([M+H]+, Cli) .
PRIMJERI
1. 2-[1-[(2-fluorfenil)metil]-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-
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3-il]-5-(4-piridinil)-4-pirimidinamin
0,50 g (1,9 mmola) l-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksimid-amida iz primjera III i [(dimetil-amino}metilen]-piridinacetonitrila (0,32 g, 1,9 mmola) iz primjera I se suspendira u ksilenu i pomiješa s BF3xOEt2 (71 μl, 79 mg, 0,56 mmola, 0,3 ekvivalenta). Nakon 19 h pri 140°C, smjesu se pusti ohladiti na sobnu temperaturu i koncentrira se u vakuumu. Naslovni spoj se može očistiti vakuumskom kromatograf ijom na silika gelu (CH2Cl2:MeOH 20:1) i zatim ekstrakcijom u acetonitril uz miješanje. Iskorištenje: 0,24 g (33%) Rf: 0,17 (EA/MeOH 20:1) Talište: 254°C.
Vrijeme retencije: 2,7 min (stupac: Symmetry, C-18, 3,5 μm, 50x2,1 mm, protok 0,5 ml/min, 40°C, gradijent: voda (+0,1% mravlje kiseline):acetonitril (+ 0,1% mravlje kiseline) kod 0 min: 90:10, kod 7,5 min 10:90))
1H-NMR: (300 MHz, D6-DMSO), δ = 5, 81 (s, 2H, CH2), 7,0-7,6 (m, 9 H, Ar-H, NH2) , 8,64 (mC, 3 H, Ar-H), 9,05 (d, 1H, Ar-H) MS: (ESI poz.), m/z = 398 ([M+H]+), (ESI neg.), m/z = 396 ([M-H]+).
2. 2-[1-[(2-fluorfenil}metil]-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-il]-5-(4-piridinil)-4-pirimidinamin
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4,00 g (14,9 mmolova) l-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo-[3,4-b]piridin-3-karboksimid-amida iz primjera III i 3-[(dimetilamino)metilen]-piridinacetonitrila (2,57 g, 14,9 mmolova) iz primjera II se suspendira u ksilenu. Nakon 12 h pri 120°C, smjesu se pusti ohladiti na sobnu temperaturu i izlučeni talog se odfiltrira. Matičnicu se očisti preparativnom HPLC (stupac: Cromsil 120 ODS, C-18, 10 μm, 250x30 mm, protok 50 ml/min, sobna temperatura, gradijent: vode i acetonitrila kod O min: 90:10, kod 28 min 5:95). Postupak čišćenja se mora ponoviti. Iskorištenje: 0,024 g (0,4%)
Rf: 0,17 (EA/MeOH 20:1)
1H-NMR: (200 MHz, D6-DMSO), δ = 5,81 (s, 2H, OCH2) , 6,95-7,6 (m, 8H, Ar-H, NH2), 7,92 (dt, 1H, Ar-H), 8,21 (S, 1H, Ar-H), 8,6-8,75 (m, 2 H, Ar-H), 9,03 (dd, 1H, Ar-H).
LCMS: vrijeme retencije: 2,66 min (stupac: Symmetry, C-18, 3,5 μm, 50x2,1 mm, protok 0,5 ml/min, 40°C, gradijent: voda (+ 0,1% mravlje kiseline):acetonitril (+ 0,1% mravlje kiseline) kod 0 min: 90:10, kod 7,5 min 10:90)); MS: (ESI poz.), m/z = 398 ([M+H]+), (ESI neg.), m/z = 396 ([M-H]-)
3. 6-klor-2-[1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]-piridin-3-il]-5-(4-piridinil)-4-pirimidinilamin
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200 mg (0,443 mmola) 3-[4,6-diklor-5-(4-piridinil)-2-pirimidinil]-1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo-[3,4-b]piridina iz primjera V se suspendira u 5 ml 25%-tne vodene otopine amonijaka i miješa se preko noći u autoklavu pri 140°C pod tlakom same reakcijske otopine. Smjesu se ekstrahira tri puta s diklormetanom, sjedinjeni ekstrakti se osuše preko magnezijevog sulfata i ispare do suhog. Ostatak se očisti kromatografijom na silika gelu s diklormetan/metanolom 30:1. Za daljnje čišćenje sirov proizvod se očisti preparativnom HPLC (postupak B). Iskorištenje: 34 mg (15%) Rf 0,45 (CH2Cl2/MeOH 20:1)
1H-NMR: (300 MHz, D6-DMSO), δ = 5, 85 (s, 2H, CH2), 7,10-7,48 (m, 9H, 7Ar-H i NH2), 8,61-8,75 (m, 3H, Ar-H), 8,99 (dd, IH, Ar-H). LC-MS: Rt = 3,55 min (postupak A).
MS (ESI poz.), m/z = 432,3 ([M+H]+), 885,2 ([2M+Na]+).
4. 2-[1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridin-3-il]-5-(4-piridinil)-4,6-pirimidin diamin
[image]
200 mg (0,443 mmol) 3-[4,6-diklor-5-(4-piridinil)-2-pirimidinil]-1-(2-fluorbenzil)-1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridina iz primjera V se suspendira u 5 ml 25%-tne vodene otopine amonijaka i miješa se preko noći u autoklavu pri 140°C pod tlakom same reakcijske otopine. Smjesu se ekstrahira tri puta s diklormetanom, sjedinjeni ekstrakti se osuše preko magenizijevog sulfata i ispare do suhog. Ostatak se očisti kromatografijom na silika gelu s diklormetan/metanolom 30:1. Za daljnje čišćenje sirov proizvod se očisti preparativnom HPLC (postupak B). Iskorištenje: 45 mg (20%) Rf 0,30 (CH2Cl2/MeOH 20:1)
1H-NMR: (300 MHz, D6-DMSO), δ = 5, 82 (s, 2H, CH2), 6,02 (široki s, 4H, NH2), 7,08-7,48 (m, 7H, Ar-H), 8,57-8,68 (m, 3H, Ar-H), 9,13 (dd, 1H, Ar-H). LC-MS: Rf = 2,55 min (postupak A),
MS (ESI poz.), m/z = 413,3 ([M+H]+), 847,8 ([2M+Na]+) .
Claims (16)
1. Spojevi formule (I)
[image]
naznačeni time, da
R1 predstavlja 4-piridinil ili 3-piridinil;
R2 predstavlja H, NH2 ili halogen; i njihove soli, izomeri i hidrati.
2. Spojevi prema zahtjevu 1, naznačeni time, da R1 predstavlja 4-piridinil ili 3-piridinil; R2 predstavlja H, NH2 ili Cl; i njihove soli, izomeri i hidrati.
3. Spojevi prema zahtjevu 1, naznačeni time, da R1 predstavlja 4-piridinil ili 3-piridinil; R2 predstavlja H; i njihove soli, izomeri i hidrati.
4. Postupak za pripravu spojeva formule I, naznačen time, da on uključuje reakciju spoja formule (II)
[image]
A) sa spojem formule (III
[image]
u kojoj
R1 je definiran kao gore;
prema potrebi u organskom otapalu, uz grijanje, čime se dobije spoj formule (I); ili
B) sa spojem formule (IV)
[image]
u kojoj je R1 definiran kao gore;
u organskom otapalu, uz grijanje, čime se dobije spoj
formule (V)
[image]
u kojoj
R1 je definiran kao gore;
zatim sa sredstvoma za halogeniranje, čime se dobije spoj formule (VI)
[image]
u kojoj
R1 je definiran kao gore;
R2 predstavlja halogen;
i na kraju s vodenom otopinom amonijaka uz grijanje i pod povišenim tlakom.
5. Spojevi formule (I), naznačeni time, da se oni upotrebljavaju za liječenje bolesti.
6. Lijekovi, naznačeni time, da sadrže najmanje jedan spoj formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1.
7. Postupak za proizvodnju lijekova, naznačen time, da se spojevi formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1 dovedu u oblik prikladan za aplikaciju, prema potrebi uz upotrebu uobičajenih pomoćnih sredstava i dodataka.
8. Lijekovi, naznačeni time, da oni sadrže spojeve formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1 zajedno s organskim nitratima ili NO donorima.
9. Lijekovi, naznačeni time, da oni sadrže spojeve formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1 zajedno sa spojevima koji inhibiraju razgradnju cikličkog gvanozin monofosfata (cGMP).
10. Upotreba spojeva formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje kardiovaskularnih poremećaja.
11. Upotreba spojeva formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje hipertenzije.
12. Upotreba spojeva formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje tromboembolijskih oboljenja i ishemija.
13. Upotreba spojeva formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje seksualne disfunkcije.
14. Upotreba spojeva formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova koji imaju protu-upalna svojstva.
15. Upotreba spojeva opće formule (I) prema zahtjevu 1, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje poremećaja središnjeg nervnog sistema.
16. Upotreba prema bilo kojem zahtjevu od 8 do 13, naznačena time, da se spoj formule (I) prema zahtjevu l koristi zajedno s organskim nitratima ili NO donorima ili u kombinaciji sa spojevima koji inhibiraju razgradnju cikličkog gvanozin monofosfata (cGMP).
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EP4011874A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-15 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Substituted pyrazolo piperidine carboxylic acids |
AR124297A1 (es) | 2020-12-10 | 2023-03-15 | Bayer Ag | Ácidos pirazol piperidin carboxílicos sustituidos |
EP4011873A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-15 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Substituted pyrazolo piperidine carboxylic acids |
KR20230118143A (ko) | 2020-12-10 | 2023-08-10 | 바이엘 악티엔게젤샤프트 | 안과 질환의 치료를 위한 sGC 활성화제의 용도 |
AR128147A1 (es) | 2021-12-29 | 2024-03-27 | Bayer Ag | Procedimiento para la preparación del ácido (5s)-[2-(4-carboxifenil)etil][2-(2-[3-cloro-4-(trifluorometil)bifenil-4-il]metoxifenil)etil]amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahidroquinolina-2-carboxílico y sus formas cristalinas para su uso como compuesto farmacéuticamente activo |
AR128145A1 (es) | 2021-12-29 | 2024-03-27 | Bayer Ag | Formulación farmacéutica de polvo seco para inhalación y proceso de preparación |
TW202342034A (zh) | 2021-12-29 | 2023-11-01 | 德商拜耳廠股份有限公司 | 心肺病症之治療 |
WO2023237577A1 (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2023-12-14 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Soluble guanylate cyclase activators for use in the treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in women |
Family Cites Families (9)
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DE19642255A1 (de) | 1996-10-14 | 1998-04-16 | Bayer Ag | Verwendung von 1-Benzyl-3-(substituierten-hetaryl) -kondensierten Pyrazol-Derivaten |
EP0934311B1 (de) | 1996-10-14 | 2009-05-13 | Bayer HealthCare AG | Neue heterocyclylmethyl-substituierte pyrazolderivate und ihre verwendung in der behandlung von herz-kreislauf-erkrankungen |
DE19649460A1 (de) | 1996-11-26 | 1998-05-28 | Bayer Ag | Neue substituierte Pyrazolderivate |
DE19834044A1 (de) | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-03 | Bayer Ag | Neue substituierte Pyrazolderivate |
DE19834045A1 (de) | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-03 | Bayer Ag | (4-Amino-5-ethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-1-(2-fluorbenzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin |
DE19834047A1 (de) | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-03 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Pyrazolderivate |
DE19846514A1 (de) | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-20 | Bayer Ag | Neue Heterocyclyl-methyl-substituierte Pyrazole |
DE19920352A1 (de) | 1999-05-04 | 2000-11-09 | Bayer Ag | Substituiertes Pyrazolderivat |
DE10021069A1 (de) | 2000-04-28 | 2001-10-31 | Bayer Ag | Substituiertes Pyrazolderivat |
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2001
- 2001-10-31 AR ARP010105099A patent/AR031176A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-01 US US10/001,569 patent/US6693102B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2001-11-09 PL PL01366090A patent/PL366090A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2001-11-09 JP JP2002544435A patent/JP4246991B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-09 HU HU0303283A patent/HUP0303283A2/hu unknown
- 2001-11-09 PT PT01997489T patent/PT1343786E/pt unknown
- 2001-11-09 CZ CZ20031435A patent/CZ294648B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2001-11-09 CN CNA018222064A patent/CN1555374A/zh active Pending
- 2001-11-09 DK DK01997489T patent/DK1343786T3/da active
- 2001-11-09 MX MXPA03004500A patent/MXPA03004500A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-11-09 WO PCT/EP2001/012969 patent/WO2002042301A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-11-09 BR BR0115477-0A patent/BR0115477A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-09 SI SI200130401T patent/SI1343786T1/sl unknown
- 2001-11-09 EP EP01997489A patent/EP1343786B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-09 EE EEP200300243A patent/EE200300243A/xx unknown
- 2001-11-09 AT AT01997489T patent/ATE298752T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-09 ES ES01997489T patent/ES2243598T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2001-11-20 TW TW090128638A patent/TW582998B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2003
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- 2003-05-21 NO NO20032299A patent/NO20032299L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-22 MA MA27171A patent/MA26060A1/fr unknown
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US6693102B2 (en) | 2004-02-17 |
CN1555374A (zh) | 2004-12-15 |
BR0115477A (pt) | 2003-08-19 |
NO20032299D0 (no) | 2003-05-21 |
BG107804A (bg) | 2004-02-27 |
EP1343786B1 (de) | 2005-06-29 |
CZ20031435A3 (cs) | 2003-10-15 |
PL366090A1 (en) | 2005-01-24 |
CA2429312C (en) | 2011-01-04 |
NO20032299L (no) | 2003-07-02 |
NZ525963A (en) | 2006-09-29 |
PT1343786E (pt) | 2005-11-30 |
WO2002042301A1 (de) | 2002-05-30 |
MXPA03004500A (es) | 2004-05-14 |
MA26060A1 (fr) | 2004-04-01 |
UY27029A1 (es) | 2002-07-31 |
SI1343786T1 (sl) | 2005-12-31 |
SK5912003A3 (en) | 2003-10-07 |
CA2429312A1 (en) | 2002-05-30 |
EP1343786A1 (de) | 2003-09-17 |
ATE298752T1 (de) | 2005-07-15 |
EE200300243A (et) | 2003-10-15 |
TW582998B (en) | 2004-04-11 |
AU2002220692A1 (en) | 2002-06-03 |
AR031176A1 (es) | 2003-09-10 |
JP4246991B2 (ja) | 2009-04-02 |
ES2243598T3 (es) | 2005-12-01 |
US20020173514A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
HUP0303283A2 (hu) | 2004-01-28 |
CZ294648B6 (cs) | 2005-02-16 |
JP2004521872A (ja) | 2004-07-22 |
IL155974A0 (en) | 2003-12-23 |
DK1343786T3 (da) | 2005-09-12 |
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