ES2645949T3 - Método de esterilización que utiliza composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor - Google Patents
Método de esterilización que utiliza composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor Download PDFInfo
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- ES2645949T3 ES2645949T3 ES10011131.9T ES10011131T ES2645949T3 ES 2645949 T3 ES2645949 T3 ES 2645949T3 ES 10011131 T ES10011131 T ES 10011131T ES 2645949 T3 ES2645949 T3 ES 2645949T3
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Abstract
Un método de esterilización de un artículo que comprende poner en contacto dicho artículo con una composición que comprende un pentafluoropropeno (HFO-1225).
Description
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DESCRIPCION
Metodo de esterilizacion que utiliza composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con fluor CAMPO DE LA INVENCION
Esta invencion se refiere a composiciones que tienen utilidad en la esterilizacion.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION
Los fluidos a base de fluorocarbonos han encontrado uso muy extendido en muchas aplicaciones comerciales e industriales. Por ejemplo, fluidos a base de fluorocarbonos se usan frecuentemente como fluido de trabajo en sistemas tales como acondicionamiento de aire, bombas de calor y aplicaciones de refrigeracion. El ciclo de compresion de vapor es uno de los metodos tipicos usados mas habitualmente para lograr el enfriamiento o calentamiento en un sistema de refrigeracion. El ciclo de compresion de vapor implica usualmente el cambio de fase del fluido refrigerante de la fase lfquida a la fase vapor por absorcion de calor a una presion relativamente baja, y despues de la fase vapor a la fase lfquida por extraccion de calor a una presion y temperatura relativamente bajas, comprimiendo el vapor a una presion relativamente elevada, condensando el vapor a la fase lfquida por extraccion de calor a esta presion y temperatura relativamente elevadas, y reduciendo finalmente la presion para iniciar de nuevo el ciclo.
Mientras que el fin principal de la refrigeracion consiste en eliminar calor de un objeto u otro fluido a una temperatura relativamente baja, la finalidad principal de una bomba de calor es anadir calor a una temperatura mayor con respecto al entorno.
Determinados fluorocarbonos han sido un componente preferido en muchos fluidos de intercambio de calor, tales como refrigerantes, durante muchos anos en muchas aplicaciones. Por ejemplo, los fluoroalquenos, tales como derivados de clorofluorometano y clorofluoroetano, han ganado un uso muy extendido como refrigerantes en aplicaciones que incluyen el acondicionamiento del aire y aplicaciones de bomba de calor debido a su combinacion unica de propiedades qmmicas y ffsicas. Muchos de los refrigerantes usados comunmente en sistemas de compresion de vapor son fluidos de un solo componente o mezclas azeotropicas.
En anos recientes ha aumentado la preocupacion sobre el dano potencial a la atmosfera de la tierra y al clima, y determinados compuestos a base de cloro se han identificado como particularmente problematicos a este respecto. El uso de composiciones que contienen cloro (tales como clorofluorocarbonos (CFCs), hidrofluorocarbonos (HCFs) y similares) como refrigerantes en sistemas de acondicionamiento de aire y de refrigeracion se ha visto desfavorecido debido a las propiedades de agotamiento del ozono asociadas con muchos de los compuestos de este tipo. Asf, ha existido una necesidad creciente de nuevos compuestos y composiciones de fluorocarbonos e hidrofluorocarbonos que ofrezcan alternativas para aplicaciones de refrigeracion y de bomba de calor. Por ejemplo, se ha vuelto deseable retroajustar sistemas de refrigeracion que contienen cloro sustituyendo refrigerantes que contienen cloro por compuestos refrigerantes que no contienen cloro, que no agotaran la capa de ozono, tales como hidrofluorocarbonos (HCFs).
Sin embargo, en general se considera importante que cualquier refrigerante sustituto potencial deba tambien poseer aquellas propiedades presentes en muchos de los fluidos mas ampliamente usados, tales como excelentes propiedades de transferencia de calor, estabilidad qmmica, toxicidad baja o nula, falta de inflamabilidad, y compatibilidad con el lubricante, entre otras.
Se ha llegado a apreciar que la compatibilidad con el lubricante es de particular importancia en muchas de las aplicaciones. Mas particularmente, es muy deseable que los fluidos de refrigeracion sean compatibles con el lubricante utilizado en la unidad compresora, usada en la mayona de los sistemas de refrigeracion. Desgraciadamente, muchos fluidos de refrigeracion que no contienen cloro, incluyendo los HCFs, son relativamente insolubles y/o inmiscibles en los tipos de lubricantes usados tradicionalmente con CFCs y HFCs, incluyendo, por ejemplo, aceites minerales, alquilbencenos o poli(alfa-olefinas). Con el fin de que una combinacion de fluido de refrigeracion-lubricante actue a un nivel deseable de eficacia en un sistema de refrigeracion por compresion, de acondicionamiento de aire y/o de bomba de calor, el lubricante debena ser suficientemente soluble en el lfquido de refrigeracion a lo largo de un amplio intervalo de temperaturas de trabajo. Una solubilidad de este tipo disminuye la viscosidad del lubricante y le permite fluir mas facilmente a traves del sistema. En ausencia de una solubilidad de este tipo, los lubricantes tienden a depositarse en los serpentines del evaporador del sistema de refrigeracion, de acondicionamiento de aire o de bomba de calor, asf como de otras partes del sistema, y de este modo reducen la eficacia del sistema.
Con respecto a la eficacia en el uso, es importante senalar que una perdida en el comportamiento termodinamico refrigerante o en la eficacia de energfa puede tener impactos medioambientales secundarios a traves del mayor uso de combustible fosil que surge de una mayor demanda de la energfa electrica.
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Ademas, se considera generalmente deseable que los sustitutos de refrigerante de CFC sean eficaces sin cambios de ingeniena importantes para la tecnolog^a de compresion de vapor convencional actualmente usada con refrigerantes de CFC.
La inflamabilidad es otra propiedad importante para muchas aplicaciones. Esto es, se considera importante o esencial en muchas aplicaciones, incluyendo particularmente en aplicaciones de transferencia de calor, usar composiciones que no sean inflamables. Asf, frecuentemente es beneficioso usar en composiciones de este tipo compuestos que no sean inflamables. Tal como se usa en esta memoria, la expresion “no inflamable” se refiere a compuestos o composiciones que se determina que son no inflamables segun se determina de acuerdo con la norma ASTM E-681, de fecha 2002. Desgraciadamente, muchos HFCs que pudieran ser de otro modo deseables para ser usados en composiciones refrigerantes no son no inflamables. Por ejemplo, el fluoroalcano difluoroetano (HFC-152a) y el fluoroalqueno 1,1,1-trifluoropropeno (HFO-1243zf) son cada uno inflamables y, por lo tanto, no son viables para uso en muchas aplicaciones.
Los fluoroalquenos superiores, es decir, alquenos sustituidos con fluor que tienen al menos cinco atomos de carbono, han sido sugeridos para uso como refrigerantes. La patente de EE.UU. n° 4.788.352 - Smutny esta dirigida a la produccion de compuestos fluorados de C5 a Ca que tienen al menos cierto grado de insaturacion. La patente de Smutny identifica olefinas superiores de este tipo como conocidas por tener utilidad como refrigerantes, plaguicidas, fluidos dielectricos, fluidos de transferencia de calor, disolventes y compuestos intermedios en diversas reacciones qmmicas (vease la columna 1, lmeas 11-22).
Mientras que las olefinas fluoradas descritas en Smutny pueden tener un cierto nivel de eficacia en aplicaciones de transferencia de calor, se piensa que compuestos de este tipo pueden tener tambien ciertas desventajas. Por ejemplo, algunos de estos compuestos pueden tender a atacar sustratos, particularmente plasticos de uso general tales como resinas acnlicas y resinas ABS. Ademas, los compuestos olefrnicos superiores descritos en Smutny tambien pueden ser indeseables en determinadas aplicaciones, debido al nivel potencial de toxicidad de compuestos de este tipo que puede surgir como resultado de la actividad plaguicida senalada en Smutny. Tambien, compuestos de este tipo pueden tener un punto de ebullicion que es demasiado elevado para hacerlos utiles como un refrigerante en determinadas aplicaciones.
Los derivados de bromofluorometano y bromoclorofluorometano, particularmente bromotrifluorometano (Halon 1301) y bromoclorodifluorometano (Halon 1211), han ganado un uso muy extendido como agentes para la extincion de incendios en zonas cerradas tales como cabinas de aviones y salas de ordenadores. Sin embargo, el uso de diversos halones esta siendo eliminado gradualmente debido a su elevado agotamiento del ozono. Ademas, dado que los halones se usan frecuentemente en zonas en las que estan presentes seres humanos, los sustitutos adecuados deben ser tambien seguros para los seres humanos a concentraciones necesarias para suprimir o extinguir el fuego.
Se ha llegado asf a apreciar una necesidad de composiciones , y especialmente composiciones de transferencia de calor, composiciones de extincion/supresion del fuego, agentes de soplado, composiciones disolventes y agentes compatibilizantes, que son potencialmente utiles en numerosas aplicaciones, incluidos los sistemas y metodos de calentamiento y refrigeracion por compresion de vapor, a la vez que evitan una o mas de las desventajas senaladas anteriormente.
El documento US 6 300 378 se refiere a aditivos qmmicos tropodegradables que contienen bromo para disminuir la inflamabilidad de refrigerantes, agentes de soplado espumantes, disolventes de limpieza, propulsores de aerosoles y esterilizantes normalmente inflamables.
El documento WO 02/072159 se refiere a un gas de esterilizacion para su uso en equipo de esterilizacion para tales instrumentos medicos que es un sustituto de los esterilizantes con oxido de etileno que incluyen difluorometano.
El documento JP H04 110388 se refiere a un medio de transferencia de calor que comprende un compuesto organico que puede estar representado por la formula molecular CaHmFn (donde m es de 1 a 5, n es de 1 a 5 y m + n = 6) y que tiene un doble enlace en la estructura molecular.
SUMARIO
Se ha observado que la necesidad senalada anteriormente, y otras necesidades, se puede satisfacer mediante un metodo de esterilizacion de un artfculo que comprende poner en contacto dicho artfculo con una composicion que comprende un pentafluoropropeno (HFO-1225) y una composicion esterilizante comprende un pentafluoropropeno (HFO-1225), preferiblemente donde la composicion comprende ademas un esterilizante qmmico seleccionado del grupo que consiste en oxido de etileno, formaldehudo, peroxido de hidrogeno, dioxido de cloro u ozono.
DESCRIPCION DETALLADA DE LAS REALIZACIONES PREFERIDAS
LAS COMPOSICIONES
La presente invencion se refiere a composiciones que comprenden un pentafluoropropeno (HFO-1225). Los
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compuestos de tipo fluoroalqueno se denominan a veces en la presente a efectos de conveniencia hidrofluoro- olefinas o “HFO” si contienen al menos un hidrogeno. Aunque se contempla que las HFO del presidente mencionados pueden contener dos dobles enlaces carbono-carbono, tales compuestos en la actualidad no se consideran preferidos.
Los compuestos preferidos de la presente invencion, concretamente HFO-1225, son materias conocidos y estan enumerados en la bases de datos de Chemical Abstracts. HFO-1225 esta comercializado, por ejemplo, por Syntex Chemical Co. Ademas, los metodos se describen generalmente en la bibliograffa de patentes para producir fluoroalquenos. Por ejemplo, se describe la produccion de fluoropropenos tales como CF3CH=CH2 por fluoracion en fase vapor catalftica de varios compuestos C3 que contienen halogeno saturados e insaturados en las patentes de EE. UU. nos 2.889.379; 4.798.818 y 4.465.786. La patente de EE. UU. n° 5.532.419 divulga un proceso catalttico en fase vapor para la preparacion de fluoroalqueno utilizando cloro- o bromo-halofluorocarbono y HF. El documento EP 974.571 describe la preparacion de 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropeno poniendo en contacto 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropano (HFC-245fa) en fase vapor con un catalizador a base de cromo a temperatura elevada, o en fase lfquida con una disolucion alcoholica de KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2 o Mg(OH)2. Adicionalmente, metodos para producir compuestos de acuerdo con la presente invencion se describen en lmeas generales en relacion con la Solicitud de Patente de los Estados Unidos, titulada “Procedimiento para Producir Fluoropropenos”, presentada junto con la presente, que lleva el numero de expediente de agente (H0003789 (26267)).
Se piensa que las presentes composiciones poseen propiedades que son ventajosas por un cierto numero de razones importantes. Por ejemplo, se piensa, basado al menos en parte en un modelo matematico, que las fluoro- olefinas de la presente invencion no tendran ningun efecto negativo sustancial sobre la qmmica de la atmosfera, siendo contribuyentes despreciables al agotamiento del ozono en comparacion con algunas otras especies halogenadas. Las composiciones preferidas de la presente invencion tienen, de este modo, la ventaja de no contribuir esencialmente al agotamiento del ozono. Las composiciones preferidas tampoco contribuyen sustancialmente al calentamiento global en comparacion con muchos de los hidrofluoroalcanos actualmente en uso.
Preferiblemente, las composiciones de la presente invencion tienen un potencial de calentamiento global (GWP en ingles) no mayor que 150, mas preferiblemente no mayor que 100, e incluso mas preferiblemente no mayor que 75. Tal como se utiliza en esta memoria, el “GWP” se mide con relacion al de dioxido de carbono y a lo largo de un horizonte en el tiempo de 140 anos, como se define en “The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2002, A report of the World Meteorological Association's Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project”.
Las presentes composiciones tienen tambien preferiblemente un potencial de agotamiento del ozono (ODP en ingles) no mayor que 0,05, mas preferiblemente no mayor que 0,02, e incluso mas preferiblemente de aproximadamente cero. Tal como se utiliza en esta memoria, “ODP” es como se define en “The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2002, A report of the World Meteorological Association's Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project”.
METODOS ESTERILIZANTES
Muchos artfculos, dispositivos y materiales, especialmente para uso en el campo medico, se deben esterilizar antes de su uso por razones de salud y seguridad, tal como la salud y seguridad de los pacientes y el personal hospitalario. La presente invencion proporciona metodos de esterilizacion que comprenden poner en contacto los artfculos, dispositivos o material que se va a esterilizar con un compuesto o composicion de la presente invencion. Tales metodos pueden ser metodos de esterilizacion a elevada o baja temperatura. En ciertas realizaciones, la esterilizacion a temperatura elevada comprende exponer los artfculos, dispositivo o material que se va a esterilizar a un fluido caliente que comprende un compuesto o composicion de la presente invencion a una temperatura de aproximadamente 121°C (250°F) a aproximadamente 132°C (270°F), preferiblemente en una camara sustancialmente sellada. El proceso se puede completar normalmente en menos de aproximadamente 2 horas. Sin embargo, algunos artfculos, tales como artfculos de plastico y componentes electricos, no pueden soportar tales temperaturas elevadas y requieren una esterilizacion a baja temperatura.
La esterilizacion a baja temperatura de la presente invencion conlleva el uso de un compuesto o composicion de la presente invencion a una temperatura de aproximadamente 38 a aproximadamente 93°C (de 100 a aproximadamente 200°F). Los compuestos de la presente invencion se pueden combinar con otros esterilizantes qmmicos comunes incluidos, por ejemplo, el oxido de etileno (EO), formaldehudo, peroxido de hidrogeno, dioxido de cloro y ozono para formar una composicion esterilizante de la presente invencion.
La esterilizacion a baja temperatura de la presente invencion es preferiblemente un proceso de al menos dos etapas realizado en una camara sustancialmente sellada y preferiblemente hermetica. En la primera etapa (la etapa de esterilizacion), se colocan en la camara los artfculos que se han limpiado y envuelto en bolsas permeables al gas. A continuacion, se evacua el aire de la camara aplicando un vacfo y tal vez desplazando el aire con vapor. En ciertas realizaciones, es preferible inyectar vapor en la camara para conseguir una humedad relativa que oscile preferiblemente entre aproximadamente un 30% y aproximadamente un 70%. Tal humedad puede maximizar la eficacia de esterilizacion del esterilizante que se introduce en la camara despues de conseguir la humedad relativa
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deseada. Despues de un periodo de tiempo suficiente para que el esterilizante penetre en el envoltorio y alcance los intersticios del ardculo, se evacuan de la camara el esterilizante y el vapor.
En la segunda etapa preferida del proceso (la etapa de aireacion), los ardculos se airean para eliminar residuos del esterilizante. La eliminacion de tales residuos es especialmente importante en el caso de esterilizantes toxicos, aunque es opcional en aquellos casos en los que se utilizan los compuestos sustancialmente atoxicos de la presente invencion. Los procesos de aireacion tfpicos incluyen lavados con aire, aireacion continua y una combinacion de los dos. Un lavado con aire es un proceso discontinuo y normalmente comprende hacer vado en la camara durante un periodo relativamente corto, por ejemplo, 12 minutos, y a continuacion introducir aire a presion atmosferica o superior en la camara. Este ciclo se repite cualquier numero de veces hasta que se logra la eliminacion deseada del esterilizante. La aireacion continua normalmente conlleva introducir aire a traves de una entrada en un lateral de la camara y a continuacion extraerlo a traves de una salida en el otro lateral de la camara aplicando un ligero vado a la salida, con frecuencia se combinan las dos estrategias. Por ejemplo, una estrategia comun conlleva realizar lavados con aire y a continuacion un ciclo de aireacion.
EJEMPLOS
EJEMPLO 1 DE REFERENCIA
El coeficiente de eficacia (COP) es una medida aceptada universalmente de la eficiencia refrigerante, especialmente util en la representacion de la eficiencia termodinamica relativa de un fluido refrigerante en un ciclo espedfico de calefaccion o refrigeracion que implica evaporacion o condensacion del fluido refrigerante. En ingeniena de la refrigeracion, esta expresion expresa la relacion de refrigeracion util a la energfa aplicada por el compresor en la compresion del vapor. La capacidad de un fluido refrigerante representa la cantidad de refrigeracion o calefaccion que aporta el mismo, y proporciona una cierta medida de la capacidad de un compresor para bombear cantidades de calor para un caudal volumetrico dado del fluido refrigerante. Dicho de otro modo, dado un compresor espedfico, un fluido refrigerante con una mayor capacidad aportara mas potencia de refrigeracion o calefaccion. Un medio para estimar el COP de un fluido refrigerante en condiciones espedficas de operacion es mediante las propiedades termodinamicas del fluido refrigerante usando tecnicas estandar de analisis de ciclos de refrigeracion (vease por ejemplo, R.C. Downing, FLUOROCARBON REFRIGERANT HANDBOOK, capttulo 3, Prentice-Hall, 1988).
Se proporciona un sistema de ciclo refrigeracion/acondicionamiento de aire en el cual la temperatura del condensador es aproximadamente 66°C (150°F) y la temperatura del evaporador es aproximadamente -37°C (-35°F) bajo compresion nominalmente isentropica con una temperatura de entrada en el compresor de aproximadamente 10°C (50°F). El COP se determina para varias composiciones de la presente divulgacion a lo largo de un intervalo de temperaturas del condensador y evaporador, y se da a continuacion en la Tabla I, basado en HFC-134a, que tiene un valor de COP de 1,00, un valor de capacidad de 1,00 y una temperatura de descarga de 79°C (175°F).
TABLA I
- COMPOSICION DEL REFRIGERANTE
- COP relativo CAPACIDAD relativa TEMPERATURA DE DESCARGA, en °C (°F)
- HFO1225ye
- 1,02 0,76 70 (158)
- HFO trans-1234ze
- 1,04 0,70 74 (165)
- HFO cis-1234ze
- 1,13 0,36 68 (155)
- HFO 1234yf
- 0,98 1,10 76 (168)
Este ejemplo muestra que algunos de los compuestos preferidos para uso con las presentes composiciones tienen cada una mejor eficiencia energetica que HFC-134a (1,02, 1,04 y 1,13, comparadas con 1,00), y el compresor que usa las presentes composiciones refrigerantes producira temperaturas de descarga (70°C (158°F), 74°C (165°F) y 68°C (155°F), comparadas con 79°C (175°F)), lo cual es ventajoso, dado que dicho resultado conducira probablemente a problemas de mantenimiento reducidos.
EJEMPLO DE REFERENCIA 2
Se ensayo la miscibilidad de HFO-1225ye y HFO-1234ze con diversos lubricantes de refrigeracion. Los lubricantes ensayados son aceite mineral (C3), alquilbenceno (Zerol 150), aceite ester (Mobil EAL 22 cc y Solest 120), aceite de polialquilenglicol (PAG) (Goodwrench Refigeration Oil para sistemas 134a), y un aceite de poli(alfa-olefina) (CP- 6005-100). Para cada combinacion fluido refrigerante/aceite, se ensayan tres composiciones, a saber, 5, 20 y 50 por ciento en peso de lubricante, siendo el resto de cada una el compuesto de la presente divulgacion que se ensaya.
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Las composiciones lubricantes se introducen en tubos de vidrio de paredes gruesas. Se hace el vado en los tubos, se anade el compuesto refrigerante de acuerdo con la presente divulgacion, y despues los tubos se cierran hermeticamente. Los tubos se colocan despues en una camara ambiental con bano de aire, cuya temperature vana desde aproximadamente -50°C hasta 70°C. A intervalos de 10°C aproximadamente, se realizan observaciones visuales de los contenidos de los tubos para determinar la existencia de una o mas fases lfquidas. En el caso en el que se observe mas de una fase lfquida, se considera que la mezcla es inmiscible. En el caso en el que se observe solamente una fase lfquida, se considera que la mezcla es miscible. En aquellos casos en los que se observaron dos fases lfquidas, pero ocupando una de las fases lfquidas solamente un volumen muy pequeno, se considera que la mezcla es parcialmente miscible.
Los lubricantes de polialquilenglicol y aceite ester se juzgaron miscibles en todas las proporciones ensayadas a lo largo de todo el intervalo de temperatura, excepto que para las mezclas de HFO-1225ye con polialquilenglicol, se encontro que la mezcla de fluido refrigerante era inmiscible en el intervalo de temperatura de -50°C a -30°C y parcialmente miscible desde -20°C hasta 50°C. A una concentracion de 50 por ciento en peso del PAG en el fluido refrigerante y a 60°C, la mezcla refrigerante/PAG fue miscible. A 70°C, fue miscible desde 5 por ciento en peso de lubricante en el fluido refrigerante hasta 50 por ciento en peso de lubricante en el fluido refrigerante.
EJEMPLO DE RERERENCIA 3
La compatibilidad de las composiciones y compuestos refrigerantes de la presente invencion con los aceites lubricantes PAG mientras se encuentran en contacto con metales usados en sistemas de refrigeracion y acondicionamiento de aire se ensaya a 350°C, que representa condiciones mucho mas severas que las encontradas en muchas aplicaciones de refrigeracion y acondicionamiento de aire.
Se anaden recortes de aluminio, cobre y acero a tubos de vidrio de paredes gruesas. Se anaden dos gramos de aceite a los tubos. Se hace luego el vacfo en los tubos, y se anade un gramo de fluido refrigerante. Los tubos se introducen en un horno a 177°C (350°F) durante una semana, y se realizan observaciones visuales. Al final del periodo de exposicion se retiran los tubos.
Este procedimiento se realizo para las siguientes combinaciones:
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- a) HFC-1234ze y aceite GM Goodwrench PAG
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- b) HFC-1243zf y aceite GM Goodwrench PAG
- 3.
- c) HFC-1234ze y aceite MOPAR-56 PAG
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- d) HFC-1243zf y aceite MOPAR-66 PAG
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- e) HFC-1225 ye y aceite MOPAR-56 PAG
En todos los casos, existe un cambio mmimo en el aspecto del contenido del tubo. Esto indica que los compuestos y composiciones refrigerantes de la presente invencion son estables en contacto con el aluminio, acero y cobre encontrados en los sistemas de refrigeracion y acondicionamiento de aire, y los tipos de aceites lubricantes que se incluyen probablemente en tales composiciones o se usan con tales composiciones en estos tipos de sistemas.
EJEMPLO COMPARATIVO
Se anaden recortes de aluminio, cobre y acero a un tubo de vidrio de paredes gruesas con aceite mineral y CFC-12, y se calienta durante una semana a 350°C, como en el Ejemplo de referencia 3. Al final del periodo de exposicion, el tubo se retira, y se realizan observaciones visuales. Se observa que los contenidos lfquidos se han ennegrecido, lo que indica que existe una descomposicion severa de los contenidos del tubo.
CFC-12 y aceite mineral han sido hasta ahora la combinacion de eleccion en muchos sistemas y metodos de refrigeracion. De este modo, los compuestos y composiciones refrigerantes de la presente divulgacion poseen una estabilidad significativamente mejor con muchos aceites lubricantes usados habitualmente que la combinacion de fluido refrigerante-aceite lubricante ampliamente usada de la tecnica anterior.
Claims (14)
- 51015202530REIVINDICACIONES1. Un metodo de esterilizacion de un artfculo que comprende poner en contacto dicho artfculo con una composicion que comprende un pentafluoropropeno (HFO-1225).
- 2. Un metodo de acuerdo con la reivindicacion 1, donde el al menos un pentafluoropropeno (HFO-1225) comprende 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropeno (HFO-1225ye).
- 3. un metodo de acuerdo con la reivindicacion 1 o la reivindicacion 2, donde dicha composicion tiene un potencial de calentamiento global (GWP) no mayor que aproximadamente 150.
- 4. Un metodo de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde dicha composicion tiene un potencial de agotamiento del ozono no mayor que aproximadamente 0,05.
- 5. Un metodo de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde el metodo es un metodo de esterilizacion a elevada temperatura, donde el artfculo que se va a esterilizar se expone a un fluido caliente que comprende al menos un fluoroalqueno tal como se reivindica en cualquier reivindicacion precedente a una temperatura de 121°C (250°F) a 132°C (270°F).
- 6. Un metodo de acuerdo con la reivindicacion 5, donde el artfculo que se va a esterilizar se expone al fluido caliente durante menos de dos horas.
- 7. Un metodo tal como se reivindica en cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde dicho artfculo se pone en contacto con una composicion tal como se reivindica en cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4 a una temperatura de aproximadamente 38°C a 93°C (de 100 a 200°F).
- 8. Un metodo de acuerdo con la reivindicacion 7, donde el artfculo es un artfculo de plastico o componente electrico.
- 9. Un metodo tal como se reivindica en la reivindicacion 7 o la reivindicacion 8, donde la etapa de esterilizacion se lleva a cabo en una camara sustancialmente sellada, preferiblemente hermetica.
- 10. Un metodo tal como se reivindica en la reivindicacion 9, donde la humedad relativa de la camara es de aproximadamente un 30% a aproximadamente un 70%.
- 11. Un metodo tal como se reivindica en la reivindicacion 9 o la reivindicacion 10, donde el artfculo se airea para eliminar la composicion tal como se reivindica en las reivindicaciones 1 a 4.
- 12. Un metodo tal como se reivindica en la reivindicacion 11, donde la aireacion incluye lavados con aire, aireacion continua o una combinacion de los dos.
- 13. Un metodo tal como se reivindica en cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde el fluoroalqueno se combina con oxido de etileno, formaldeMdo, peroxido de hidrogeno, dioxido de cloro u ozono.
- 14. Una composicion esterilizante tal como se define en cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, preferiblemente donde la composicion comprende ademas un esterilizante qmmico seleccionado del grupo que consiste en oxido de etileno, formaldel'ndo, peroxido de hidrogeno, dioxido de cloro u ozono.
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ES16204715T Expired - Lifetime ES2794405T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Uso de composiciones que comprenden HFO-1234ze o HFO-1234yf como composición refrigerante |
ES10011167.3T Expired - Lifetime ES2601879T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
ES08020700.4T Expired - Lifetime ES2321796T5 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Uso de una composición que comprende 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropeno (HFO 1234ze) en calidad de agente de soplado |
ES10011131.9T Expired - Lifetime ES2645949T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Método de esterilización que utiliza composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
ES10011129.3T Expired - Lifetime ES2615857T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
ES10011127.7T Expired - Lifetime ES2645635T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Uso como una composición de limpieza de una composición que comprende 1,3,3,3-tetrafluroropropeno (HFO-1234ze) |
ES10011130.1T Expired - Lifetime ES2637087T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
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ES10011164T Expired - Lifetime ES2728672T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
ES16204715T Expired - Lifetime ES2794405T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Uso de composiciones que comprenden HFO-1234ze o HFO-1234yf como composición refrigerante |
ES10011167.3T Expired - Lifetime ES2601879T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
ES08020700.4T Expired - Lifetime ES2321796T5 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Uso de una composición que comprende 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropeno (HFO 1234ze) en calidad de agente de soplado |
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ES10011129.3T Expired - Lifetime ES2615857T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
ES10011127.7T Expired - Lifetime ES2645635T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Uso como una composición de limpieza de una composición que comprende 1,3,3,3-tetrafluroropropeno (HFO-1234ze) |
ES10011130.1T Expired - Lifetime ES2637087T3 (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Composiciones que contienen olefinas sustituidas con flúor |
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TW (2) | TWI291492B (es) |
WO (2) | WO2004037913A2 (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA200504236B (es) |
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TWI657070B (zh) | 2005-06-24 | 2019-04-21 | 美商哈尼威爾國際公司 | 含有經氟取代之烯烴之組合物及其用途 |
ES2673993T3 (es) | 2008-12-23 | 2018-06-26 | Shrieve Chemical Products, Inc. | Composición lubricante para refrigerantes |
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2016
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