JP5941056B2 - 冷凍機用作動流体組成物及び冷凍機油 - Google Patents
冷凍機用作動流体組成物及び冷凍機油 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5941056B2 JP5941056B2 JP2013540830A JP2013540830A JP5941056B2 JP 5941056 B2 JP5941056 B2 JP 5941056B2 JP 2013540830 A JP2013540830 A JP 2013540830A JP 2013540830 A JP2013540830 A JP 2013540830A JP 5941056 B2 JP5941056 B2 JP 5941056B2
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- difluoromethane
- fluorinated hydrocarbon
- unsaturated fluorinated
- working fluid
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 45
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- OILUAKBAMVLXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5,5-trimethyl-hexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C OILUAKBAMVLXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- NKBWMBRPILTCRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylheptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)C(O)=O NKBWMBRPILTCRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OVBFMEVBMNZIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylvaleric acid Chemical compound CCCC(C)C(O)=O OVBFMEVBMNZIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=CF VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-BYPYZUCNSA-N 2-Methylbutanoic acid Natural products CC[C@H](C)C(O)=O WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutyric acid Chemical compound CCC(C)C(O)=O WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CVKMFSAVYPAZTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(C)C(O)=O CVKMFSAVYPAZTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BAZMYXGARXYAEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethyl valeric acid Chemical compound CCCC(CC)C(O)=O BAZMYXGARXYAEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 6
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 5
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical class FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamaldehyde Chemical compound O=C\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMUPYMORYHFFCT-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C(/F)C(F)(F)F DMUPYMORYHFFCT-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUAQTIHDWIHCSV-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C(/F)C(F)F ZUAQTIHDWIHCSV-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HORQAOAYAYGIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O HORQAOAYAYGIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZSSMFVYZRQGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCC(CO)(CO)CO SZSSMFVYZRQGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butoxymethyl]-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CC)(CO)CO WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCSOBOZCMQBPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-dinaphthalen-2-ylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 KCSOBOZCMQBPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-Dimethyl-4-(3-oxobutyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC1CC(=O)OC1(C)C AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010067482 No adverse event Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Substances CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- GONOPSZTUGRENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trichloro)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GONOPSZTUGRENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010538 cationic polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117916 cinnamic aldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamic aldehyde Natural products O=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010726 refrigerant oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003580 thiophosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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Description
本実施形態に係る冷凍機用作動流体組成物は、ジフルオロメタンおよび不飽和フッ化炭化水素を含有し且つジフルオロメタンと不飽和フッ化炭化水素の質量比が95:5〜10:90である冷媒と、炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリオールエステルおよび炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリビニルエーテルから選ばれる少なくとも1種の基油を含有する冷凍機油と、を含有する。また、本実施形態に係る冷凍機油は、炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリオールエステルおよび炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリビニルエーテルから選ばれる少なくとも1種の基油を含有し、ジフルオロメタンおよび不飽和フッ化炭化水素を含有し且つジフルオロメタンと不飽和フッ化炭化水素の質量比が95:5〜10:90である冷媒に使用される。
本実施形態において、冷媒はジフルオロメタンおよび不飽和フッ化炭化水素を含有するものであり、ジフルオロメタンと不飽和フッ化炭化水素との混合割合は質量比で95:5〜10:90であり、80:20〜20:80が好ましい。または、90:10〜50:50が好ましく、90:10〜60:40がより好ましい。
本実施形態に係る冷凍機油は、炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリオールエステル(以下、場合により単に「ポリオールエステル」という。)および炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリビニルエーテル(以下、場合により単に「ポリビニルエーテル」という。)から選ばれる少なくとも1種の基油を含有する。なお、炭素/酸素モル比は、冷凍機油を構成する化合物の化学構造が特定されていれば、その組成から算出することができる。また、化学構造が特定されていなくても、冷凍機油を有機元素分析することで、炭素原子および酸素原子の含有量を定量して特定することもできる。
(A)一方の末端が、一般式(4)または(5)で表され、かつ他方の末端が一般式(6)または(7)で表される構造を有するもの。
(1)一方の末端が一般式(4)または(5)で表され、かつ他方の末端が一般式(6)または(7)で表される構造を有し、一般式(1)におけるR1、R2およびR3が共に水素原子、mが0〜4の数、R4が炭素数2〜4の二価の炭化水素基およびR5が炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であるもの。
(2)一般式(1)で表される構造単位のみを有するものであって、一方の末端が一般式(4)で表され、かつ他方の末端が一般式(6)で表される構造を有し、一般式(1)におけるR1、R2およびR3が共に水素原子、mが0〜4の数、R4が炭素数2〜4の二価の炭化水素基およびR5が炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であるもの。
(3)一方の末端が一般式(4)または(5)で表され、かつ他方の末端が一般式(8)で表される構造を有し、一般式(1)におけるR1、R2およびR3が共に水素原子、mが0〜4の数、R4が炭素数2〜4の二価の炭化水素基およびR5が炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であるもの。
(4)一般式(1)で表される構造単位のみを有するものであって、その一方の末端が一般式(5)で表され、かつ他方の末端が一般式(8)で表される構造を有し、一般式(1)におけるR1、R2およびR3が共に水素原子、mが0〜4の数、R4が炭素数2〜4の二価の炭化水素基およびR5が炭素数1〜20の二価の炭化水素基およびR5が炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であるもの。
(5)上記(1)〜(4)の各々であって、一般式(1)におけるR5が炭素数1〜3の炭化水素基である構造単位と該R5が炭素数3〜20の炭化水素基である構造単位を有するもの。
まず、以下に示す基油1〜8を用いて冷凍機油1〜8を調製した。
[基油]
基油1:2−エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):50/50)とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル(炭素/酸素モル比:4.8)
基油2:n−ペンタン酸、n−ヘプタン酸、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):40/40/20)とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル(炭素/酸素モル比:3.3)
基油3:2−エチルヘキサン酸とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル(炭素/酸素モル比:4.6)
基油4:n−ペンタン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):90/10)とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル(炭素/酸素モル比:3.3)
基油5:n−ペンタン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):25/75)とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル(炭素/酸素モル比:4.6)
基油6:3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸とトリメチロールプロパンとのエステル(炭素/酸素モル比:5.5)
基油7:3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル(炭素/酸素モル比:5.1)
基油8:エチルビニルエーテルとイソブチルビニルエーテルの共重合体(エチルビニルエーテル/イソブチルビニルエーテル=7/1(モル比)、重量平均分子量:910、炭素/酸素モル比:4.3)一方の末端構造は、一般式(4)で表され、R11、R21およびR31は水素原子、R51はエチル基を示し、nは0である。他方の末端構造は、一般式(7)で表され、R62、R72、R82およびR92は水素原子である。
実施例1〜17および比較例1〜6においては、それぞれ上記の冷凍機油1〜8のいずれかと、表3〜6に示す冷媒とを組み合わせた冷凍機用作動流体組成物について、以下に示す評価試験を実施した。なお、後述するように、冷凍機用作動流体組成物における冷媒と冷凍機油との質量比は、試験ごとに変更した。
JIS−K−2211「冷凍機油」の「冷媒との相溶性試験方法」に準拠して、表3〜6に示す冷媒18gに対して冷凍機油を2g配合して冷凍機用作動流体組成物とした。次に、各組成物において、冷媒と冷凍機油とが0℃において相互に溶解しているかを観察した。得られた結果を表3〜6に示す。表3〜6中、「相溶」は冷媒と冷凍機油とが相互に溶解したことを意味し、「分離」は冷媒と冷凍機油とが2層に分離したこと、また、「やや濁り」は相互に溶解するが肉眼で濁りが認識されることを意味する。
JIS−K−2211に準拠し、ガラス管に触媒(鉄、銅、アルミの各線)を入れ、さらに、水分を100ppm以下に調整した冷凍機油(初期色相L0.5)1gと、表3〜6に示す冷媒1gとを入れて冷凍機用作動流体組成物とした。このガラス管を封止した後、150℃に加熱して1週間保持した。その後、冷凍機油の色相および触媒の色変化を評価した。色相は、ASTMD156に準拠して評価した。また、触媒の色変化は、外観を目視で観察し、変化なし、光沢なし、黒化のいずれに該当するかを評価した。得られた結果を表3〜6に示す。
Claims (8)
- ジフルオロメタンおよび不飽和フッ化炭化水素を含有し且つジフルオロメタンと不飽和フッ化炭化水素の質量比が95:5〜10:90である冷媒と、
炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリオールエステルおよび炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリビニルエーテルから選ばれる少なくとも1種の基油を含有し、前記ポリオールエステルは、ペンタエリスリトールを含む多価アルコールと、2−メチルブタン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−メチルヘキサン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸、2−メチルヘプタン酸、2−エチルヘキサン酸及び3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の脂肪酸とのエステルである、冷凍機油と、
を含有する冷凍機用作動流体組成物(ただし、ペンタエリスリトールと2−エチルヘキサン酸とのテトラエステル及び不飽和フッ化炭化水素とジフルオロメタンとの混合冷媒(不飽和フッ化炭化水素/ジフルオロメタン=50/50質量%)のみからなる冷凍機用作動流体組成物、ペンタエリスリトールとカルボン酸混合物(2−エチルヘキサン酸50モル%、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸50モル%)とのテトラエステル及び不飽和フッ化炭化水素とジフルオロメタンとの混合冷媒(不飽和フッ化炭化水素/ジフルオロメタン=50/50質量%)のみからなる冷凍機用作動流体組成物、並びにペンタエリスリトールと3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸とのテトラエステル及び不飽和フッ化炭化水素とジフルオロメタンとの混合冷媒(不飽和フッ化炭化水素/ジフルオロメタン=50/50質量%)のみからなる冷凍機用作動流体組成物を除く。)。 - 前記冷媒に占める前記ジフルオロメタンと前記不飽和フッ化炭化水素の合計が80質量%以上である、請求項1に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記冷媒と前記冷凍機油の質量比が90:10〜30:70である、請求項1または2に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記ジフルオロメタンと前記不飽和フッ化炭化水素の質量比が90:10〜50:50である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記不飽和フッ化炭化水素がフルオロプロペンである、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記基油が前記ポリオールエステルである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記基油が、炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリビニルエーテルであり、該ポリビニルエーテルが、下記一般式(1)で表される構造単位を有するポリビニルエーテルである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
[式中、R1,R2およびR3は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子または炭素数1〜8の炭化水素基を示し、R4は炭素数1〜10の二価の炭化水素基または炭素数2〜20の二価のエーテル結合酸素含有炭化水素基を示し、R5は炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基を示し、mは前記ポリビニルエーテルについてのmの平均値が0〜10となるような数を示し、R1〜R5は構造単位毎に同一であっても異なっていてもよく、一の構造単位においてmが2以上である場合には、複数のR4Oは同一でも異なっていてもよい。] - 炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリオールエステルおよび炭素/酸素モル比が3.2以上5.8以下のポリビニルエーテルから選ばれる少なくとも1種の基油を含有し、
前記ポリオールエステルは、ペンタエリスリトールを含む多価アルコールと、2−メチルブタン酸、2−メチルペンタン酸、2−メチルヘキサン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸、2−メチルヘプタン酸、2−エチルヘキサン酸及び3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の脂肪酸とのエステルであり、
ジフルオロメタンおよび不飽和フッ化炭化水素を含有し且つジフルオロメタンと不飽和フッ化炭化水素の質量比が95:5〜10:90である冷媒に使用される冷凍機油(ただし、ペンタエリスリトールと2−エチルヘキサン酸とのテトラエステルのみからなり、不飽和フッ化炭化水素とジフルオロメタンとの混合冷媒(不飽和フッ化炭化水素/ジフルオロメタン=50/50質量%)に使用される冷凍機油、ペンタエリスリトールとカルボン酸混合物(2−エチルヘキサン酸50モル%、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸50モル%)とのテトラエステルのみからなり、不飽和フッ化炭化水素とジフルオロメタンとの混合冷媒(不飽和フッ化炭化水素/ジフルオロメタン=50/50質量%)に使用される冷凍機油、及びペンタエリスリトールと3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸とのテトラエステルのみからなり、不飽和フッ化炭化水素とジフルオロメタンとの混合冷媒(不飽和フッ化炭化水素/ジフルオロメタン=50/50質量%)に使用される冷凍機油を除く。)。
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