CN108408415A - 实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统 - Google Patents
实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种实验室样品分配系统,其包括:‑多个样品容器载体,所述多个样品容器载体适用于运载一个或者多个样品容器,每个样品容器载体包括至少一个磁活性装置,‑运送平面,所述运送平面适用于支撑所述样品容器载体,‑多个电磁致动器(120);‑控制装置;‑传感器(200);以及‑监控装置(210),所述监控装置(210)在功能上联接至所述传感器(200),其中,所述监控装置(210)适用于基于测量到的供应电流(Id)和/或供应电压(Udc)来监控所述电磁致动器(120)的温度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种实验室样品分配系统和一种实验室自动化系统。
背景技术
已知的实验室样品分配系统通常用于实验室自动化系统中,以便在不同实验室站之间运送包含于样品容器中的样品。
文献WO 2013/064656 A1中公开了一种通常的实验室样品分配系统。该系统包括:多个样品容器载体,该多个样品容器载体适用于运载一个或者多个样品容器;运送平面,该运送平面适用于支撑样品容器载体;多个电磁致动器,该多个电磁致动器适用于通过将磁力施加至样品容器载体来在运送平面顶部上移动样品容器载体;以及控制装置,该控制装置配置为通过驱动电磁致动器来控制样品容器载体在运送平面顶部上的移动。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种实验室样品分配系统和一种具有增加的操作可靠性的实验室自动化系统。
本发明通过提供根据权利要求1所述的实验室样品分配系统和根据权利要求9所述的实验室自动化系统来解决该目的。
实验室样品分配系统包括多个样品容器载体。该多个样品容器载体的数量可以例如在1直到1000000的范围内。
样品容器载体适用于运载和/或保持和/或储存一个或者多个样品容器。样本容器通常被设计为由玻璃或透明塑料制成的管并且通常在上端处具有开口。实验室样品容器可以用于包含、储存和运送实验室样品,诸如,血液样品、(血液)血清或者血浆样品、尿液样品、分离胶体、血块(血细胞)或者化学样品。样品容器可以是旋转对称的。
每个样品容器载体均包括至少一个磁活性装置。该磁活性装置可以是例如永磁铁或者电磁铁。
实验室样品分配系统进一步包括适用于支撑或者运载样品容器载体的运送平面。该运送平面可以是平坦的平面,并且样品容器载体被放置在运送平面的顶部上。
实验室样品分配系统进一步包括多个电磁致动器。该多个电磁致动器的数量可以例如在1直到1000000的范围内。
电磁致动器例如以形成网格的行和列固定设置在运送平面下方。电磁致动器可以具体实施为具有铁磁芯的线圈。线圈可以适用于生成磁场。由电磁致动器生成的磁场可以穿透运送平面。磁场可以与样品容器载体的磁活性装置的磁场相互作用。施加在样品容器载体上的磁力可以是该场相互作用的结果。由于磁力,样品容器载体可以在运送平面上滑动和/或移动。因此,电磁致动器适用于通过将磁力施加至样品容器载体的磁活性装置来在运送平面顶部上移动样品容器载体。
实验室样品分配系统进一步包括控制装置,例如,呈个人计算机或者基于微处理器的控制装置的形式。控制装置配置为驱动电磁致动器。每个样品容器载体可以响应于被驱动的电磁致动器沿路径移动。样品容器载体的路径可以是单独路径。
优选地,实验室样品分配系统进一步包括恰好一个传感器,该传感器适用于测量直接或者间接供应给相应电磁致动器的供应电流和/或供应电压。传感器可以具体实施为电流传感器和/或电压传感器。
基于或者独立于相应供应电流和/或供应电压来向相应电磁致动器供应电能。相应供应电流和/或供应电压取决于相应电磁致动器的温度,通常取决于相应电磁致动器的线圈的温度。供应电流和/或供应电压针对相应电磁致动器可以是特定的或者相同的。
实验室样品分配系统进一步包括监控装置,该监控装置在功能上联接至传感器,例如,适用于读取测量到的电流和/或电压。监控装置适用于基于或者响应于相应的测量到的电流/电压来监控相应电磁致动器的温度。优选地,监控装置适用于监控电磁致动器的线圈的温度。
通常,相应电磁致动器或者电磁致动器线圈的电阻取决于相应电磁致动器或者电磁致动器线圈的温度。可以使用对应的测量到的电流和/或电压来计算相应(线圈)电阻“RCoil”。
如果例如测量到或者已知施加至相应电磁致动器的电压“U”并且测量到电流I,则可以例如使用如下公式来计算相应线圈电阻RCoil:
RCoil = U / I。
如在技术文献中所已知的,可以如下表示线圈的电阻RCoil的温度依存性:
RCoil = R20°C * (1 + α20°C*(TCoil - 20°C)),
其中,术语R20°C表示线圈在20℃下的电阻,术语α20℃表示线圈电阻的温度系数,并且术语TCoil表示线圈的温度。因此,可以将温度TCoil计算为:
TCoil = (RCoil - R20°C) / (R20°C * α20°C) + 20°C。
因此,可以使用测量到的电流和/或电压来计算电磁致动器的温度。
根据实施例,实验室样品分配系统包括单个传感器,该单个传感器适用于以时间多路复用或者连续且重复的方式来测量供应电流和/或供应电压。例如,可以通过传感器来测量第一电磁致动器的电流和/或供应电压,然后可以通过传感器来测量第二电磁致动器的电流和/或供应电压,直到通过传感器测量到所有电磁致动器的电流和/或供应电压。然后,过程再次开始于第一电磁致动器。
根据实施例,实验室样品分配系统包括多个(例如,1至1000个)传统H桥电路,该传统H桥电路适用于为电磁致动器生成例如以驱动电压和/或驱动电流形式的驱动信号。驱动信号可以取决于供应电流和/或取决于供应电压。H桥电路在现有技术中是公知的,因此,参照了相关技术文献。
根据实施例,实验室样品分配系统包括电压源,该电压源适用于生成输出电压作为供应电压,即,供应电压与输出电压相同。向H桥电路供应输出电压。传感器适用于测量从电压源供应给H桥电路的一个或者多个电流。由于供应的电流取决于相应电磁致动器的温度,可以基于测量到的电流来确定相应电磁致动器的温度。
根据实施例,实验室样品分配系统包括至少一个风扇,该风扇适用于生成供应给电磁致动器的气流,其中,监控装置适用于基于测量到的电流和/或电压来监控至少一个风扇的正确功能。如果监控到的温度与预期温度曲线不匹配,则可以排除风扇发生故障。
根据实施例,实验室样品分配系统包括存储器,该存储器适用于存储监控到的温度值以建立例如可以用于检查部件退化的温度历史。
根据实施例,监控装置适用于只有当电磁致动器没有主动将磁力施加至样品容器载体时才会监控电磁致动器的温度。
根据实施例,电磁致动器形成为螺线管,其中,螺线管分别包括铁磁芯和包围铁磁芯的线圈。由H桥电路生成的驱动信号可以应用于线圈。
实验室自动化系统包括多个实验室站和如上所述的实验室样品分配系统,其中,实验室样品分配系统适用于将样品容器分配在实验室站之间。
预分析站可以适用于对样品、样品容器和/或样品容器载体执行任何种类的预处理。
分析站可以适用于使用样品或样品的部分和试剂来生成测量信号,该测量信号指示:是否存在分析物,并且如果分析物存在,则该分析物的浓度是多少。
后分析站可以适用于对样品、样品容器和/或样品容器载体执行任何种类的后处理。
预分析、分析和/或后分析站可以包括脱盖站、重盖站、等分站、离心站、归档站、移液站、分拣站、管型识别站、样品质量确定站、附加缓冲站、液位检测站、和密封/解密封站中的至少一个。
附图说明
将关于示意性地描绘本发明的实施例的附图详细描述本发明。详细地:
图1示出了实验室自动化系统,以及
图2示出了驱动电路的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了实验室自动化系统10。该实验室自动化系统10包括第一实验室站20、第二实验室站30和实验室样品分配系统100。
实验室样品分配系统100包括运送平面110。在运送平面110下方,螺线管形式的多个电磁致动器120、125以行和列设置。每个电磁致动器包括线圈120和对应铁磁芯125,其中,线圈120包围对应铁磁芯125。
具体实施为霍尔传感器的多个磁性位置传感器130以行和列分布在运送平面110上。
实验室样品分配系统100进一步包括多个样品容器载体140。样品容器载体140可以运载具体实施为实验室样品管的相应样品容器145。应该注意,为了示例性目的,在图1中仅仅示出了运载相应样品容器145的单个实验室样品容器载体140。通常的样品分配系统100包括多个样品容器载体140。
每个样品容器载体140包括以永磁铁形式的磁活性装置141。因此,由电磁致动器120、125生成的磁场可以在运送平面110上驱动样品容器载体140。
进一步地,可以由位置传感器130来检测由样品容器载体140的永磁铁141生成的磁场,从而可以获得关于样品容器载体140的位置的反馈。
电磁致动器120、125和位置传感器130均电连接至控制装置150。该控制装置150可以驱动电磁致动器120、125,从而使样品容器载体140沿对应运送路径移动。控制装置150还可以确定每个样品容器载体140的位置。
实验室站20、30设置为与运送平面110相邻。要注意,为了示例性的目的仅仅在图1中示出了这两个实验室站20、30,并且通常的实验室自动化系统10可以包括两个以上实验室站20、30。
图2示出了实验室样品分配系统100的用于驱动电磁致动器的线圈120的驱动电路的示意性框图。
驱动电路包括生成具有已知电压等级的输出电压Udc的电压源230。
驱动电路进一步包括多个H桥电路220,其中,向H桥电路220供应输出电压Udc。所描绘的多个H桥电路220是示例性的。不言而喻,根据在实验室样品分配系统100中所需的多个线圈120,驱动电路可以包括三个以上H桥电路220。每个H桥电路220均驱动四个线圈120。H桥电路220可以由控制装置150控制。
驱动电路进一步包括传感器200,该传感器200适用于以时间多路复用的方式来测量从电压源230供应给H桥电路220的电流Id。针对每个线圈120,当对应H桥电路220主动驱动线圈120时,测量对应电流Id。
驱动电路进一步包括监控装置210,该监控装置210在功能上联接至传感器200,其中,监控装置210适用于基于测量到的供应电流Id和已知的电压Udc来监控每个电磁致动器的温度(或者监控每个电磁致动器的线圈120的温度)。
为了监控电磁致动器120、125的温度,监控装置210基于输出电压Udc的已知电压等级和测量到的电流Id来评估相应线圈120的电阻RCoil。基于评估得到的电阻RCoil,监控装置210基于现有技术中已知的算法来评估电磁致动器的线圈120的温度TCoil。
驱动电路进一步包括存储器240,该存储器240适用于存储监控到的温度值。
再次参照图1,实验室样品分配系统100进一步包括风扇300,该风扇300适用于生成供应给电磁致动器120、125的气流。监控装置210适用于基于测量到的电流Id来监控风扇300的正确功能。
Claims (9)
1.一种实验室样品分配系统(100),其包括:
- 多个样品容器载体(140),所述多个样品容器载体(140)适用于运载一个或者多个样品容器(145),每个样品容器载体(140)包括至少一个磁活性装置(141);
- 运送平面(110),所述运送平面(110)适用于支撑所述样品容器载体(140);
- 多个电磁致动器(120、125),所述多个电磁致动器(120、125)固定设置在所述运送平面(110)下方,所述电磁致动器(120、125)适用于通过将磁力施加至所述样品容器载体(140)来在所述运送平面(110)顶部上移动所述样品容器载体(140);以及
- 控制装置(150),所述控制装置(150)配置为通过驱动所述电磁致动器(120、125)来控制所述样品容器载体(140)在所述运送平面(110)顶部上的移动,从而使得所述样品容器载体(140)同时并且彼此独立地沿对应运送路径移动,
其特征在于,
- 所述实验室样品分配系统(100)进一步包括:
- 传感器(200),所述传感器(200)配置为测量供应电流(ld)和/或供应电压(Udc),其中,基于所述供应电流(ld)和/或所述供应电压(Udc)来向所述电磁致动器(120、125)供应电能;以及
- 监控装置(210),所述监控装置(210)在功能上联接至所述传感器(200),其中,所述监控装置(210)适用于基于测量到的供应电流(Id)和/或测量到的供应电压(Udc)来监控所述电磁致动器(120、125)的温度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述实验室样品分配系统包括恰好一个传感器(200),所述传感器(200)适用于以时间多路复用的方式测量所述供应电流(Id)和/或所述供应电压(Udc)。
3.根据权利要求1或者2所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述实验室样品分配系统包括多个H桥电路(220),所述多个H桥电路(220)适用于为所述电磁致动器(120、125)生成驱动信号。
4.根据权利要求3所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,所述实验室样品分配系统(100)进一步包括:
- 电压源(230),所述电压源(230)适用于生成输出电压,其中,所述供应电压(Udc)与所述输出电压相同,其中,向所述H桥电路(220)供应所述输出电压,其中,所述传感器(200)适用于测量从所述电压源(230)供应给所述H桥电路(220)的电流(Id)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述实验室样品分配系统(100)进一步包括至少一个风扇(300),所述风扇(300)适用于生成供应给所述电磁致动器(120、125)的气流,其中,所述监控装置(210)适用于基于测量到的电流(Id)和/或电压(Udc)来监控所述至少一个风扇(300)的正确功能。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述实验室样品分配系统(100)进一步包括存储器(240),所述存储器(240)适用于存储监控到的温度值。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述监控装置(210)适用于只有当电磁致动器(120、125)没有主动将磁力施加至样品容器载体(140)时才会监控电磁致动器(120、125)的温度。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其特征在于,
- 所述电磁致动器(120、125)形成为螺线管,其中,所述螺线管分别包括铁磁芯(125)和包围所述铁磁芯(125)的线圈(120)。
9.一种实验室自动化系统(10),其包括:
- 多个实验室站(20、30),以及
- 根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),其中,所述实验室样品分配系统(100)适用于将所述样品容器(145)分配在所述实验室站(20、30)之间。
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CN114524276A (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-05-24 | 豪夫迈·罗氏有限公司 | 实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统 |
CN114524276B (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2023-12-08 | 豪夫迈·罗氏有限公司 | 实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统 |
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