CN106168627A - 操作实验室样品分配系统的方法、实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统 - Google Patents
操作实验室样品分配系统的方法、实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种操作实验室样品分配系统(100)。实验室样品分配系统(100)包括:许多样品容器承载器,运输机(110),以及驱动装置。方法包括步骤:在实验室样品分配系统(100)的初始化期间,根据转移位置(30,31,32)预计算路线(40,41,42),以及在实验室样品分配系统(100)的初始化之后,控制驱动装置,使得样品容器承载器(140)沿预计算的路线(40,41,42)移动。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种操作实验室样品分配系统的方法、实验室样品分配系统和实验室自动化系统。
背景技术
实验室样品分配系统可使用以便在实验室自动化系统中分配多个实验室站之间的样品。例如,提供高生产量的二维实验室样品分配系统在文件EP 2 589 968 A1中公开。电磁致动器设置在运输机的下方,以便在运输机上驱动承载样品容器的样品容器承载器。
发明内容
本发明的目标是提供一种操作实验室样品分配系统的方法、实验室样品分配系统以及实验室自动化系统,其使得不同的实验室站之间样品的有效且可靠的分配成为可能。
这由根据权利要求1所述的操作实验室样品分配系统的方法,根据权利要求13所述的实验室样品分配系统以及根据权利要求15所述的实验室自动化系统解决。
该方法适于操作实验室样品分配系统。
实验室样品分配系统包括许多(例如,10到10000)样品容器承载器。样品容器承载器分别适于承载一个或多个样品容器。样品容器分别包括通过许多(例如,2到50)实验室站分析的样品。
实验室样品分配系统还包括例如完全平面的运输机。运输机适于支撑样品容器承载器,即样品容器承载器可放置在运输机的顶部上,并且可在运输机的顶部上和运输机上方移动。
运输机包括许多(例如,2到100)转移位置或节点,其中转移位置或节点分配到对应的实验室站。例如,每个实验室站可具有单个对应的转移位置或节点。替代地,多于一个转移位置或节点可分配到对应的实验室站。转移位置或节点可静态地或动态地分配到实验室站。换句话说,在操作期间,可改变转移位置,如果必要的话。
实验室样品分配系统还包括驱动装置。驱动装置适于在运输机上面或运输机上方移动样品容器承载器。
操作方法包括下面的步骤。
在实验室样品分配系统的初始化(开始,启动)期间,在运输机上方延伸的固定的路线根据转移位置(例如在不同的转移位置之间)预计算。换句话说,预计算的路线提供在转移位置之间的运输机上。转移位置可表示图论意义上的初始或目标节点。
在正常操作模式期间的实验室样品分配系统的初始化之后,驱动装置控制成,使得如果样品容器承载器在不同的实验室站之间待分配并且当样品容器承载器在不同的实验室站之间待分配时,样品容器承载器在运输机上方沿预计算的路线移动。换句话说,在正常操作模式期间的实验室样品分配系统的初始化之后,驱动装置控制成使得,如果样品容器承载器在不同的实验室站之间待分配并且当样品容器承载器在不同的实验室站之间待分配时,样品容器承载器优选地仅仅在运输机上方沿预计算的固定的路线重复地移动。术语“固定的”表示静态地计算(即,没有再计算)路线,以及所计算的路线由几个样品容器承载器使用,且不针对每个样品容器承载器单独地计算。不言而喻,在具体的使用情形中,样品容器承载器可移动远离预计算的路线,例如,以防样品容器承载器必须从运输机移除,和/或在错误的条件下。此外,空的样品容器承载器可沿不同的路线移动,和/或移动远离预计算的路线。
使用提示性搜索算法,例如A*-算法或D*-算法可计算路线。A*-算法是使用在路径寻找和图的遍历的算法,从而有效地计算不同节点之间(例如,以转移位置的形式)可横越的路径。A*-算法使用最佳优先搜索,并且寻找从给定的初始节点到一个目标节点(从一个或多个可能的目标中)的最低成本路径。当A*-算法横过图时,其遵循最低预期的总成本或距离的路径,从而沿路线保持分类的替代的路径段的优先队列。D*-运算是改善的A*-运算。关于进一步的细节,参考对应的技术文献。
可计算路线,使得不同的路线之间的许多交叉最小化。
在实验室样品分配系统的初始化期间,位于传输机上的各自缓冲区可逻辑地分配到实验室站,其中等待通过实验室站分析的样品在缓冲区缓冲。例如,每个实验室站可在运输机上具有单个对应的缓冲区。替代地,多于一个缓冲区可分配到运输机上对应的实验室站。
缓冲区可分配成使得预计算的路线不与缓冲区相交。
样品容器承载器可进入到缓冲区中,或者可排外地从缓冲区在转移位置上方(穿过转移位置)移除,即转移位置充当缓冲区的门(入口/出口)。
运输机可分割成逻辑域,例如,相同尺寸和轮廓的方形逻辑域。逻辑域可以棋板方式布置。在时间优先的预留方案中,定位在预计算的路线上或放置在预计算的路线上的可调整数量(例如,1到100)的逻辑域可分别预留,用于待移动的样品容器承载器。换句话说,逻辑域以先到先得的方式预留用于待移动的每个样品容器承载器。在开始样品容器承载器的移动之前,通常预留逻辑域。然而,如果样品容器承载器还没到达待预留的逻辑域,则在样品容器承载器的移动期间可预留逻辑域。在包括逻辑域预留用于具有较高时间优先级的另一个样品容器承载器的路线上移动的样品容器承载器(即逻辑域在用于移动样品容器的预留之前已经预留用于其它样品容器承载器)在预留的域之前停止或没有开始。当样品容器承载器已经通过预留的域时,可释放预留的域。
在实验室样品分配系统的初始化之后,可收集和存储实验室样品分配系统的操作数据。在实验室样品分配系统的下一个初始化期间,根据转移位置并且根据操作数据可预计算路线。
操作数据可包括关于路线上的交通量的信息。关于交通量的信息可包括在路线上每时间单位(例如,每分钟/小时/天等)移动的样品容器承载器的数量的信息,其中可确定操作时间上的交通量的时间图表。
预计算路线的步骤可包括根据交通量确定分配到路线的许多通道。例如,在低交通量的情况下,单个通道可分配到路线。例如,在增加的交通量的情况下,两个或更多的通道可分配到路线。路线特别地是单行通道。
使用转移位置,样品、和/或样品容器、和/或样品容器承载器可传输到实验室站/从实验室站传输。例如,拾取和放置装置可拾取包括在位于转移位置中的样品容器承载器中的样品容器,并且将该样品容器转移到实验室站。因此,样品容器可从实验室站中的一个转移到位于转移位置上的空的样品容器承载器。
在实验室样品分配系统的初始化期间,路线可在转移位置之间预计算,即,路线的端点或端节点由转移位置形成。如果,例如,给定第一、第二以及第三转移位置,则可预计算第一转移位置和第二转移位置之间的路线,第一转移位置和第三转移位置之间路线,以及第二转移位置和第三转移位置之间的路线。
实验室样品分配系统可适于执行如上所述的方法。
实验室样品分配系统包括许多样品容器承载器,其中样品容器适于承载一个或多个样品容器,其中样品容器包括待通过许多实验室站分析的样品;运输机,其中运输机适于支撑样品容器承载器,其中运输机包括许多转移位置,其中转移位置分配到对应的实验室站;驱动装置,其中驱动装置适于移动运输机上的样品容器承载器;以及控制单元,例如,其以微处理器和程序存储器的形式。控制单元适于控制实验室样品分配系统,使得执行如上所述方法。控制单元适于在实验室样品分配系统的初始化期间根据转移位置预计算路线,以及控制驱动装置,使得在实验室样品分配系统的初始化之后,样品容器承载器沿预计算的路线移动。
样品容器承载器可包括至少一个磁性有源装置,优选地为至少一个永久磁铁。驱动装置可包括在运输机下方固定布置成行和列的许多电磁致动器。电磁致动器可适于将磁力施加到样品容器承载器。控制单元适于激活电磁致动器,使得样品容器承载器沿预计算的路线彼此同时地或独立地移动。电磁致动器可限定图论意义上的对应的图的节点。节点可限定或位于对应的电磁致动器上方的运输机上。转移位置可在对应的电磁致动器上方形成。如此定义的栅格形图可由提示性搜索算法使用,例如,A*-算法或D*-算法,从而计算从初始节点或初始转移位置到目标节点或目标转移位置的可横越的路径。
实验室自动化系统包括许多(例如,2到50)实验室站,优选地为预分析的,分析的和/或后分析的站,以及实验室样品分配系统,如上所述的。
预分析的站可适于执行样品、样品容器和/或样品容器承载器的预处理中的任何一种。分析的站可适于使用样品或一部分样品以及试剂,从而产生测量信号,该测量信号指示分析物是否存在,且其中的浓度,如果有的话。后分析的站可适于执行样品、样品容器和/或样品容器承载器的后处理中的任何一种。
预分析的,分析的和/或后分析的站可包括脱盖站,重新加盖站,离心站,归档站,移液站,分类站,管型识别站,以及样品质量确定定站中的至少一个。
预计算的路线可在运输机上显现,使得操作者可控制预计算的路线,并且,如果必要的话,手动地调整预计算的路线。为了使预计算的路线显现,可视化装置(例如以光发射装置的形式(诸如LED))可布置在运输机的下方,其中运输机至少部分是半透明的。例如,对于每个电磁致动器,对应的LED可设置成与电磁致动器相邻的放置。可视化装置可进一步使用,以显现对应的电磁致动器的操作状态,并且可例如指示对应的电磁致动器是否有缺陷。另外,如果运输机分割成许多单独的模块,则通过位于有缺陷的模块内的可视化装置可信号通知有缺陷的模块。
附图说明
现在将参考附图详细描述本发明。在附图中,
图1以透视图的方式示意性地示出实验室自动化系统,
图2以俯视图的方式示意性地示出图1的实验室自动化系统,以及
图3示出包括预留域的不同预计算的路线。
具体实施方式
图1以透视图的方式示意性地示出实验室自动化系统10,
实验室自动化系统10包括三个实验室站20,21,22,例如,预分析的,分析的和/或后分析的站,以及实验室样品分配系统100。不言而喻,实验室自动化系统10可包括多于三个的实验室站20,21,22。
实验室样品分配系统100包括许多样品容器承载器140。为了解释起见,仅仅示出单个样品容器承载器140。不言而喻,实验室样品分配系统100包括多个样品容器承载器140,例如,50到500个样品容器承载器140。样品容器承载器140分别包括以永久磁铁的形式的磁性有源装置141。
样品容器承载器140适于承载一个或多个样品容器145,其中样品容器145包括通过实验室站20,21,22分析的样品。
实验室样品分配系统100还包括运输机110,其中运输机100适于支撑或承载样品容器承载器140。
位置传感器130,例如,以霍尔传感器的形式,分配在运输机110的上方,使得可检测各个样品容器承载器140的位置。
参考图2,运输机110包括许多逻辑转移位置30,31,32。转移位置30逻辑地分配到实验室站20,转移位置31逻辑地分配到实验室站21,并且转移位置32逻辑地分配到实验室站22。运输机110包括许多逻辑的缓冲区50,51,52。缓冲器50逻辑地分配到实验室站20,缓冲区51逻辑地分配到实验室站21,并且缓冲区52逻辑地分配到实验室站22。等待通过实验室站20,21,22分析的样品在各自的缓冲区50,51,52缓冲。样品容器承载器140进入到缓冲区50,51,52中,或者排外地从对应的转移位置30, 31, 32上方的缓冲区50,51,52移除。
再次参考图1,实验室样品分配系统100还包括驱动装置。驱动装置包括在运输机110下方固定地布置成行和列的许多电磁致动器120。电磁致动器120分别包括围绕铁磁芯125的线圈。电磁致动器120可适于将磁性驱动力施加到容器承载器140。
实验室样品分配系统100还包括控制单元150。控制单元150尤其控制电磁致动器120,使得样品容器承载器140可在运输机110的上方彼此同时地或独立地移动。
实验室样品分配系统100的操作的方法将关于图2和图3而描述。
图2以俯视图示意性地示出图1的实验室自动化系统10。
在实验室样品分配系统100的初始化或启动阶段期间,控制单元150预计算转移位置30,31,32之间的路线40,41,42。另外,在实验室样品分配系统100的初始化期间,缓冲区50,51,52分别地逻辑地分配到实验室站20,21,22。
实验室样品分配系统100的初始化之后,如果样品容器承载器140必须在实验室站20,21,22之间分配,则控制单元150控制电磁致动器120,使得样品容器承载器140沿预计算路线40,41,42移动。
使用A*-算法计算路线40,41,42,其中路线40,41,42尤其计算成,使得不同的路线40,41,42之间的许多交叉最小化。在所示实施例中,没有发生交叉。
参考图2和图3,运输机110逻辑地分割成相同大小的,方形的逻辑域111。每个逻辑域11分配到,即,覆盖对应的电磁致动器120。
图3示意性地且部分地示出包括预留域111的不同的预计算的路线40’和41’。与图2中示出的路线40和41不同的路线40’和41’具有交叉。
时间优先的预留方案中,放置在路线40’和 41’上的许多(例如10个)逻辑域111预留用于在路线40’和41’上待移动的样品容器承载器。换句话说,逻辑域111以先到先得的方式预留用于待移动的每个样品容器140。
考虑到路线40’上待移动的样品容器承载器,在路线41’上的逻辑域111已经预留用于路线41’上待移动的另一个样品容器承载器之前,路线40’上的逻辑域111已经预留,在到达路线40’和41’的交叉中的域之前,在路线41’上移动的样品容器承载器停止,因此避免潜在的碰撞。当样品容器承载器已经通过预留的域111时,释放预留的域111。
在实验室样品分配系统100的初始化之后,收集实验室样品分配系统100的操作数据。操作数据包括关于路线40,41,42上的交通量的信息。在实验室样品分配系统100的下一个初始化期间,根据交通量附加地预计算路线40,41,42。例如,根据交通量确定分配到路线40, 41, 42的许多通道。如图3中所示,逻辑域111的各个单个通道分配到路线40’和41’。如果,例如路线40’上的交通量是上面给定的阈值,则逻辑域111的第二(第三,等等)通道可分配到路线40’。
Claims (15)
1. 一种操作实验室样品分配系统(100)的方法,其中实验室样品分配系统(100)包括:
- 许多样品容器承载器(140),其中所述样品容器承载器(140)适于承载一个或多个样品容器(145),其中所述样品容器(145)包括待通过许多实验室站(20,21,22)分析的样品,
- 运输机(110),其中所述运输机(100)适于支撑所述样品容器承载器(140),其中所述运输机(110)包括许多转移位置(30,31,32),其中所述转移位置(30,31,32)分配到对应的实验室站(20,21,22),以及
- 驱动装置(120),其中所述驱动装置(120)适于移动所述运输机(110)上的所述样品容器承载器(140),
其中所述方法包括步骤:
- 在所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的初始化期间,根据所述转移位置(30,31,32)预计算所述传输机(110)上的路线(40,41,42),以及
- 在所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的所述初始化之后,控制所述驱动装置(120),使得所述样品容器承载器(140)沿所述运输机(110)上的所述预计算的路线(40,41,42)移动。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,
- 使用提示性搜索算法、优选地为A*-算法或D*-算法,计算所述路线(40,41,42)。
3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,
- 所述路线(40,41,42)计算成使得不同的路线(40,41,42)之间的许多交叉最小化。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,
- 在所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的初始化期间,位于所述传输机(110)上的缓冲区(50,51,52)分配到所述实验室站(20,21,22),其中等待通过所述实验室站(20,21,22)分析的样品在所述缓冲区(50, 51, 52)中缓冲。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,
- 所述缓冲区(50,51,52)分配成使得所述预计算的路线(40,41,42)不与所述缓冲区(50,51,52)相交。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的方法,其中,
- 样品容器承载器(140)进入到所述转移位置(30, 31, 32)上方的所述缓冲区(50,51,52)中,或者从所述转移位置(30,
31, 32)上方的所述缓冲区(50,51,52)移除。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,
- 所述传输机(110)分割成逻辑域(111),其中在时间优先预留方案中,定位在预计算的路线(40’, 41’)上的可调整数量的逻辑域(111)预留用于待移动的样品容器承载器(140),其中样品容器承载器(140)在路线上移动,该路线包括逻辑域,该逻辑域以较高时间优先级预留用于其它样品容器承载器(140),停止所述样品容器承载器(140)。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法包括步骤:
- 在所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的所述初始化之后,收集所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的操作数据,以及
- 在所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的下一个初始化期间,根据所述操作数据附加地预计算所述路线(40,41,42)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,
- 所述操作数据包括关于所述路线(40,41,42)上的交通量的信息。
10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,
- 预计算所述路线(40, 41, 42)的步骤包括根据所述交通量确定分配到所述路线(40, 41, 42)的许多通道。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,
- 使用所述转移位置(30,31,32),样品,和/或样品容器(145),和/或样品容器承载器(140)传输到所述实验室站(20,21,22)/从所述实验室(20,21,22)传输。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,
- 在所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的初始化期间,所述路线(40,41,42)在所述转移位置(30,31,32)之间预计算。
13.一种实验室样品分配系统(100),其包括:
- 许多样品容器承载器(140),其中所述样品容器承载器(140)适于承载一个或多个样品容器(145),其中所述样品容器(145)包括待通过许多实验室站(20,21,22)分析的样品,
- 运输机(110),其中所述运输机(100)适于支撑所述样品容器承载器(140),其中所述运输机(110)包括许多转移位置(30,31,32),其中所述转移位置(30,31,32)分配到对应的实验室站(20,21,22),
- 驱动装置(120),其中所述驱动装置(120)适于移动所述运输机(110)上的所述样品容器承载器(140),以及
- 控制单元(150),其中所述控制单元(150)适于在所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的初始化期间根据所述转移位置(30,31,32)预计算路线(40,41,42),以及控制所述驱动装置(120),使得在所述实验室样品分配系统(100)的所述初始化之后,所述样品容器承载器(140)沿所述预计算的路线(40,41,42)移动。
14.根据权利要求13所述的实验室样品分配系统(100),
- 其中所述样品容器承载器(140)包括至少一个磁性有源装置(141)、优选地为至少一个永久磁铁,
- 其中所述驱动装置(120)包括在所述传输机(110)下方固定布置成行和列的许多电磁致动器,所述电磁致动器适于将磁力施加到所述容器承载器(140),并且
- 其中所述控制单元(150)适于激活所述电磁致动器,使得所述样品容器承载器(140)沿所述预计算的路线(40,41,42)移动。
15.一种实验室自动化系统(10),其包括:
- 许多实验室站(20,21,22)、优选地为预分析的、分析的和/或后分析的站,以及
- 根据权利要求13或14所述的实验室样品分配系统(100)。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN111398612A (zh) | 2020-07-10 |
EP3095739A1 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
US20160341751A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
JP2016218060A (ja) | 2016-12-22 |
JP6802643B2 (ja) | 2020-12-16 |
US10352953B2 (en) | 2019-07-16 |
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