CN107813862A - 转向柱分离系统 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/001—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
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Abstract
转向柱分离系统包括转向轴。还包括一个中间轴。还包括可操作地联接到转向轴并与其一起旋转的驱动盘。还包括可操作地联接到中间轴并与其一起旋转的从动盘,驱动盘邻近驱动盘布置。还包括由驱动盘限定的狭槽。还包括联接元件,其联接到驱动盘并且设置在槽内,从动盘可相对于联接元件在柱联接位置和柱分离位置之间移动。
Description
技术领域
本文所述的实施例涉及车辆转向系统,更具体地,涉及一种转向柱分离系统。
背景技术
期望在车辆转向系统中的机械联接与分离转向柱之间切换。例如,装备有先进驾驶员辅助转向(ADAS)系统的车辆可允许转向柱和方向盘组件缩回到收起位置,以使驾驶员能够进行诸如阅读、工作等非转向活动。当方向盘被收起时,可能期望使车轮处于不可旋转的状态。这使得车辆能够借助具有分离转向轴的ADAS系统转向。然而,在联接和分离转向柱之间自动转换具有挑战性。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个方案,转向柱分离系统包括转向轴。还包括一个中间轴。还包括可操作地联接到转向轴并与其一起旋转的驱动盘。还包括可操作地联接到中间轴并与其一起旋转的从动盘,从动盘邻近驱动盘布置。还包括由从动盘限定的狭槽。还包括联接元件,其联接到驱动盘并且设置在狭槽内,从动盘可相对于联接元件在柱联接位置和柱分离位置之间移动。
根据本公开的另一方案,转向柱分离系统包括转向轴。还包括中间轴。还包括驱动盘,其可操作地联接到转向轴并可与其一起旋转。还包括从动盘,其可操作地联接到中间轴并可与其一起旋转。还包括从动盘的接收元件。还包括联接元件,其联接到驱动盘并设置在从动盘的接收元件内,驱动盘和从动盘可相对于彼此移动。还包括致动机构,其可与从动盘接合,以在柱联接位置与柱分离位置之间移动从动盘。致动机构包括电机。致动机构还包括由电机驱动的蜗杆致动器。致动机构还包括由蜗杆致动器驱动的可枢转接合曲柄。
根据本公开的又一方案,先进驾驶辅助转向(ADAS)系统包括转向轴。还包括中间轴。还包括驱动盘,其可操作地联接到转向轴并可与其一起旋转。还包括从动盘,其可操作地联接到中间轴并可与其一起旋转,从动盘被设置成邻近驱动盘。还包括由从动盘限定的狭槽。还包括联接元件,其联接到驱动盘并设置在狭槽内,从动盘可相对于联接元件在柱联接位置与柱分离位置之间移动,从动盘在非ADAS驱动模式下处于柱联接位置,从动盘在ADAS驱动模式下处于柱分离位置。还包括致动机构,其可与从动盘接合,以使从动盘在柱联接位置与柱分离位置之间移动。
附图说明
本发明的主题在随附的权利要求书中被特别指出并明确地要求保护。从以下结合附图的详细描述中,本发明的前述和其他特征以及优点是明显的,在附图中:
图1是转向柱分离系统的剖视图;
图2是处于联接位置的转向柱分离系统的示意图;以及
图3是处于分离位置的转向柱分离系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图,在附图中将参照具体实施例来描述本发明,但不限于这些具体实施例,图1描绘了用于车辆的转向柱分离系统10,其受益于在联接位置与分离位置之间选择性地切换转向柱12的状态。例如,具有包括线控转向和/或自主驾驶特征的转向系统的车辆可得益于本文所述的实施例。
线控转向系统采用与车辆接口的控制系统和伺服机构,使得车辆可以被转向而不机械连接到方向盘14,而是依靠方向盘14与转向齿轮之间的电连接。
在一些实施例中,转向柱分离系统10可以是自主驾驶辅助转向(ADAS)系统的一部分,自主驾驶辅助转向系统能够转向并控制车辆的其他参数,从而在没有驾驶员直接参与的情况下操作车辆。自主或半自主驾驶指的是被构造为在不需要驾驶员连续输入(例如,转向、加速、制动等)而执行各种操作的车辆,且可装备有允许车辆使用感测、转向和/或制动技术被自主或半自主地控制的技术。
在自主系统中,转向柱可缩回到收起位置,以为驾驶员提供更多空间。此外,期望将方向盘14放置在不可旋转的状态下,以使驾驶员能够例如利用方向盘14作为工作空间。具有本文所述的分离系统10的转向柱12的分离部分有利地便于实现方向盘14的不可旋转状态。
分离系统10包括可操作地联接到转向柱12的方向盘14。具体地,方向盘14可操作地联接到转向轴16。在所示实施例中,转向轴16包括上转向轴18和下转向轴20,但应理解的是,转向轴16可以是单个的整体轴,或可以包括多于两段。包括上护套22和下护套24,并以可伸缩方式联接。
驱动盘28刚性连接到转向轴16的第一端26。转向轴16的第一端26远离转向轴16的第二端30,该第二端30可操作地联接到方向盘14。驱动盘28与转向轴16之间的连接导致两个元件的对应旋转。驱动盘28可操作地联接到从动盘32,从动盘32联接到中间轴36的端部34。从动盘32与中间轴36之间的刚性连接导致两个元件的对应旋转。中间轴36提供转向轴16(以及因此方向盘14)与转向齿轮(图中未示出)的机械联接,该转向齿轮通过多个中间部件向车辆的车轮输入旋转方向指令。从本文的描述可以理解,驱动盘28和从动盘32与联接元件38的联接有助于转向轴16与中间轴36的期望的联接和分离。
现在参照图2和图3,转向柱12被示出为柱联接位置(图2)和柱分离位置(图3)。如图所示,驱动盘28和从动盘32借助联接元件38彼此联接,联接元件38与驱动盘28一体形成或可操作地联接到驱动盘28。联接元件38是尺寸适配在从动盘32限定的接收元件40内的球、销等。接收元件40是自从动盘32的第一位置42径向向外延伸到第二位置44的狭槽、凹部、孔等。狭槽40和联接元件38被定向成使得当轴处于柱分离位置时,方向盘14处于12点钟或正前方的转向位置。这有助于方向盘14可能具有的ADAS相关装置的正确对准。
联接元件38放置在接收特征40的第一位置42不会导致转动从中间轴36传递到转向轴16,从而提供转向柱12的柱分离位置(图3)。这是由于从动盘32的中心轴线46与联接元件38的中心的同轴对准。这种对准导致驱动盘32不对从动盘28施加转矩,而从动盘32只是围绕联接元件38旋转。
联接元件38放置在接收特征40的第二位置44导致旋转从中间轴36传递到转向轴16,从而提供转向柱的柱联接位置(图2)。这是由于从动盘32的中心轴线46与联接元件38的中心的非同轴对准。这种对准导致从动盘32向驱动盘施加转矩。更具体地,限定接收孔40的狭槽壁48通过偏压与其接触的联接元件38而向驱动盘28施加转矩。
借助致动机构50控制驱动盘28和从动盘32的相对运动,该相对运动有助于在柱联接位置和柱分离位置之间来回切换。致动机构50可与从动盘32接合以沿着联接元件38来回移动从动盘32。具体地,致动机构50赋予联接元件38在从动盘32的接收特征40内相对运动。在一些实施例中,致动机构50包括电机52,电机52驱动蜗杆致动器54。蜗杆致动器54包括蜗杆驱动器56和蜗杆扇形齿轮58,蜗杆扇形齿轮58驱动可枢转以推动从动盘32的接合曲柄60。接合曲柄60可操作地联接到从动盘32或与其一体形成。
如上所述,在一些实施例中,分离系统10是自主驾驶系统的一部分。在这样的实施例中,从动盘32在手动驱动模式(也可称为“活轮”模式)下处于柱联接位置,在ADAS驱动模式下处于柱分离位置。此外,当在ADAS启用位置时,ADAS可以停用,如果从动盘32的接收特征40处于45度内,则能够重新联接驱动盘28和转向轴16,使得方向盘上的轮辐同时正确地定向。
有利地,机械联接与分离转向柱之间的自动转换由本文所述的实施例提供。
虽然只是结合有限数量的实施例详细描述了本发明,但是应当容易理解,本发明不限于这些公开的实施例。而是,本发明可以被修改为并入迄今为止未描述但与本发明的精神和范围同等的任何数量的变型、更改、替代或等同布局。另外,虽然已经描述了本发明的各种实施例,但是应当理解,本发明的各方案可以仅包括所描述的实施例中的一些。因此,本发明不应被视为受前述描述的限制。
Claims (15)
1.一种转向柱分离系统,包括:
转向轴;
中间轴;
驱动盘,能够操作地联接到所述转向轴并能够与其一起旋转;
从动盘,能够操作地联接到所述中间轴并能够与其一起旋转,所述从动盘被设置成邻近所述驱动盘;
狭槽,由所述从动盘限定;以及
联接元件,联接到所述驱动盘并设置在所述狭槽内,所述从动盘能够相对于所述联接元件在柱联接位置与柱分离位置之间移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述狭槽从第一位置径向向外延伸到第二位置,所述第一位置将所述联接元件设置成与所述从动盘的中心轴线同轴对准。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其中,所述驱动盘被旋转地锁定在所述柱分离位置中,所述驱动盘由于狭槽壁施加在所述联接元件上的转矩而在所述柱联接位置旋转。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统,还包括能够与所述从动盘接合的致动机构。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述致动机构包括由电机驱动的蜗杆致动器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述转向柱分离系统是自主或半自主地驱动车辆的先进驾驶辅助转向(ADAS)系统的一部分。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中,所述从动盘在非ADAS驱动模式下处于柱联接位置,所述从动盘在ADAS驱动模式下处于柱分离位置。
8.一种转向柱分离系统,包括:
转向轴;
中间轴;
驱动盘,能够操作地联接到所述转向轴并能够与其一起旋转;
从动盘,能够操作地联接到所述中间轴并能够与其一起旋转;
所述从动盘的接收元件;
联接元件,联接到所述驱动盘并设置在所述从动盘的接收元件内,所述驱动盘和所述从动盘能够相对于彼此移动;以及
致动机构,能够与所述从动盘接合,以在柱联接位置与柱分离位置之间移动所述从动盘,所述致动机构包括:
电机;
蜗杆致动器,由所述电机驱动;以及
可枢转接合曲柄,由所述蜗杆致动器驱动。
9.根据权利要求8所述的系统,其中,所述接收元件包括由所述从动盘限定的狭槽,所述联接元件设置在所述狭槽内。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中,所述狭槽从第一位置径向向外延伸到第二位置,所述第一位置将所述联接元件设置成与所述从动盘的中心轴线同轴对准。
11.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中,所述驱动盘被旋转地锁定在所述柱分离位置,所述驱动盘由于狭槽壁施加在所述联接元件上的转矩而在所述柱联接位置旋转。
12.根据权利要求8所述的系统,其中,所述联接元件包括球。
13.根据权利要求8所述的系统,其中,所述联接元件包括销。
14.一种先进驾驶辅助转向(ADAS)系统,包括:
转向轴;
中间轴;
驱动盘,能够操作地联接到所述转向轴并能够与其一起旋转;
从动盘,能够操作地联接到所述中间轴并能够与其一起旋转,所述从动盘被设置成邻近所述驱动盘;
狭槽,由所述从动盘限定;
联接元件,联接到所述驱动盘并设置在所述狭槽内,所述从动盘能够相对于所述联接元件在柱联接位置与柱分离位置之间移动,所述从动盘在非ADAS驱动模式下处于柱联接位置,所述从动盘在ADAS驱动模式下处于柱分离位置;以及
致动机构,能够与所述从动盘接合,以使所述从动盘在所述柱联接位置与所述柱分离位置之间移动。
15.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其中,在所述柱分离位置的情况下,所述方向盘处于12点钟位置。
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