CN103891089B - 用于如电池之类的电力存储设备的认证、安全和控制的装置、方法及物品 - Google Patents

用于如电池之类的电力存储设备的认证、安全和控制的装置、方法及物品 Download PDF

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CN103891089B
CN103891089B CN201280046969.1A CN201280046969A CN103891089B CN 103891089 B CN103891089 B CN 103891089B CN 201280046969 A CN201280046969 A CN 201280046969A CN 103891089 B CN103891089 B CN 103891089B
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electric energy
portable electric
energy storage
storage device
equipment
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CN103891089A (zh
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学深·贺瑞斯·卢克
马修·怀廷·泰勒
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Gogoro Inc Hong Kong
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Gogoro Inc Hong Kong
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    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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Abstract

一种收集、充电和分配机器网络收集、充电和分配便携式电能存储设备(例如，电池、超级电容器或超电容器)。该机器使用来自诸如电网格或安装位置的电气服务的外部源的电流进行充电。默认地，除非每一便携式电能存储设备自经授权的收集、充电和分配机器、其他经授权充电设备或传送认证证书的其他经授权设备接收到认证信息，否则每一便携式电能存储设备不能接受充电。此外，默认地，除非每一便携式电能存储设备从其提供电力所至的外部设备(诸如车辆或其他经授权设备)接收到认证信息，否则每一便携式电能存储设备不能够释放能量。

Description

用于如电池之类的电力存储设备的认证、安全和控制的装置、 方法及物品
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请案依据35U.S.C.119(e)主张以下专利申请案的申请日的权利：题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWERSTORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511,900号(代理人案号170178.401P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORCOLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2012年5月16日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/647,936号(代理人案号170178.401P2)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR REDISTRIBUTING POWERSTORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES，BETWEEN COLLECTION，CHARGING ANDDISTRIBUTION MACHINES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534,753号(代理人案号170178.402P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORAUTHENTICATION，SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES SUCH ASBATTERIES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534,761号(代理人案号170178.403P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR AUTHENTICATION，SECURITYAND CONTROL OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES，BASED ON USERPROFILES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534,772号(代理人案号170178.404P1)；题为“THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPONENTS IN ELECTRIC MOIOR DRIVEVEHICLES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511,887号(代理人案号170178.406P1)；题为“THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPONENTS IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVEVEHICLES”且于2012年5月16日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/647,941号(代理人案号170178.406P2)；题为“DYNAMICALLY LIMITING VEHICLE OPERATION FOR BEST EFFORTECONOMY”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511,880号(代理人案号170178.407P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD，AND ARTICLE FOR PHYSICAL SECURITY OFPOWER STORAGE DEVICES IN VEHICLES”且于2011年11月8日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/557,170号(代理人案号170178.408P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR APOWER STORAGE DEVICE COMPARTMENT”且于2011年12月29日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/581,566号(代理人案号170178.412P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORPROVIDING VEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC DATA”且于2012年2月21日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601,404号(代理人案号170178.417P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORPROVIDING LOCATIONS OF POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGING ANDDISTRIBUTION MACHINES”且于2012年2月22日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601,949号(代理人案号170178.418P1)；及题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDINGINFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES AT A POWERSTORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTIONMACHINE”且于2012年2月22日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601,953号(代理人案号170178.419P1)。
技术领域
本公开大体涉及可再充电电力存储设备(例如，二次电池、超级电容器或超电容器)的充电和能量释放，可再充电电力存储设备可适合于在各种各样的领域或应用(例如，运输及非运输用途)中使用。
背景技术
存在用于便携式电力存储设备的广泛的各种各样的用途或应用。
一个这样的应用为在运输的领域中。混合及全电车辆正变得日益普遍。该车辆可实现相较于传统内内燃机车辆的许多优势。举例而言，混合或电车辆可实现较高燃料经济，且可具有极少或甚至零尾管污染。具体地，全电动车辆不仅可具有零尾管污染，而且可与较低总污染相关联。举例而言，可自再生源(例如，太阳、水电)产生电力。再者，举例而言，可在不产生空气污染的发电厂(例如，核电厂)产生电力。再者，举例而言，可在燃烧相对“清洁燃烧”燃料(例如，天然气)的发电厂产生电力，所述发电厂具有比内内燃机高的效率，和/或使用对于供个别车辆使用而言过大、成本高或昂贵的污染控制或移除系统(例如，工业空气洗涤器)。
个人运输车辆(诸如，内燃机动力小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车)在许多地方普遍存在，例如，在亚洲的许多大城市。该小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车倾向于相对较不昂贵，特别与汽车、小汽车或卡车相比而言。具有大量内燃机小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车的城市亦倾向于有非常密集的人口，且受到高度空气污染。新近以来，许多内燃机小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车装备有相对较低的个人运输污染源。举例而言，该小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车可具有比较大车辆高的哩程额定值。一些小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车可甚至装备有基本污染控制设备(例如，催化转换器)。不幸地，当使用小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车且皆不加维修时和/或当因(例如)催化转换器的故意或无意移除而修改小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车时，迅速超过了工厂指定排放等级。小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车的拥有者或操作者常缺少维修 其车辆的财源或动机。
已知空气污染对人的健康具有负面影响，与使或加重各种疾病相关联(例如，各种报告将空气污染与气肿、哮喘、肺炎、囊肿性纤维化以及各种心血管疾病相联系)。该疾病夺走了大量生命，且严重降低了无数其他人的生命质量。
发明内容
对内燃机的零尾管污染替代将大大地使空气质量及因此的大众健康受益。
虽然欣赏全电动车辆的零尾管排放，但大众对全电动车辆的接受程度尚慢。原因之一似乎为成本，具体地，二次电池的成本。原因中的另一个似乎为在电池的单次充电上可用的有限驾驶距离，及当电池耗尽时对二次电池完全再充电所必要的相对较长的时间(例如，数小时)。
本文中所描述的方法可解决具有零尾管排放技术的有限采用(特定言的，在人口密集的城市，及在具有有限财源的人群中)的问题中的一些问题。
举例而言，本文中所描述的方法中的一些方法使用收集、充电和分配机器(其可另外被称作公共信息查询站或自动售货机)来收集、充电和分配电力存储设备(例如，电池、超级电容器或超电容器)。该机器可分配于城市或其他地区各处的各种各样的位置，诸如，便利商店或现有充气站或加油站。
该收集、充电和分配机器可维持完全充电或几乎完全充电的电存储设备的储备以供端用户使用。该收集、充电和分配机器可收集、接纳或以其他方式接受耗尽的电存储设备(例如，如由端用户返回)，从而对该电存储设备再充电以供随后的端用户再使用。
因此，当电池或其他电力存储设备达到或接近其所存储电荷的最后时，端用户可简单地替换、交换或以其他方式调换电池或其他电力存储设备。这可解决与成本以及有限距离及相对较长的再充电时间有 关的问题。
如先前所注释，二次电池及其他电力存储设备相对较昂贵。因此，尽可能储备最少数目的电力存储设备同时仍确保满足对于该电力存储设备的需求是有益的。
一种用于便携式电能存储设备的便携式电能存储设备安全系统可被概述为包括：至少一个控制器；以及耦接至所述至少一个控制器的至少一个通信模块，其中所述至少一个控制器被配置为：接收关于认证要与所述便携式电能存储设备连接以对所述便携式电能存储设备进行充电的外部设备的信息，或关于认证通过所述便携式电能存储设备对外部设备进行供电的所述外部设备的信息；以及基于关于认证的信息，作出关于允许自所述外部设备充电的确定，或作出关于允许对所述外部设备供电的确定。
所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统可被集成为所述便携式电能存储设备的一部分。所述外部设备可为充电设备，且所述至少一个控制器还可被配置为：如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则接受自所述充电设备对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。接受对所述便携式电能存储设备充电可包括：发送信号，所述信号使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统还可包括：开关，耦接至所述便携式电能存储设备的至少一个端子且耦接至所述便携式电能存储设备的电池单元，所述开关被配置为通过由所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统的所述控制器产生的控制信号来激励，其中所述控制器可被配置为：如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则以使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电的方式发送所述信号，从而所述控制信号使所述开关闭合以使电路完整，以允许电流自所述充电设备流动，使所述便携式电能存储设备充电；以及在所述便携式电能存储设备与所述充电设备断开时，以防止所述便携式电能存储设备接受充电的方式发送所述信号，使得所述控制信号使所述开关断开所述电路并防止电流自所述充电设备流动。所述至少一个控制器可被配置为经由自所述外部设备传送的无线信号接收关于认证的信息，且在与便携式电能存储设备安全系统通信模块 相距指定最大范围之外，无法检测到自所述外部设备传送的所述无线信号。所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统还可包括：防损坏外壳，所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统置于所述防损坏外壳内，所述防损坏外壳被配置为：如果所述防损坏外壳以未经授权方式打开，则破坏所述便携式电能存储设备的操作条件。所述防损坏外壳包括易碎部分，所述易碎部分被配置为：响应于所述防损坏外壳的损坏或试图损坏而呈现开路，以破坏所述操作条件。所述易碎部分可被配置为：通过在被配置为响应于损坏而断裂的所述易碎部分的易碎基板中形成的导电路径来呈现所述开路。所述控制器还可被配置为：请求关于认证所述外部设备的信息以用于由所述便携式电能存储设备对所述外部设备供电；以及基于所接收的对关于认证所述外部设备的信息的所述请求的响应(如果存在)，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量(如果存在)以供所述外部设备使用。所述外部设备可为车辆，且关于认证所述外部设备的信息可为关于所述车辆或与所述车辆相关联的用户的信息。可以基于所述车辆的车辆性能简档，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述车辆使用。所述控制器可被配置为：与具有比所述车辆低的车辆性能简档的其他车辆相比，使得自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。可以基于与所述车辆相关联的用户的简档，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述车辆使用。所述控制器还可被配置为：与同低于所述用户简档的用于便携式电能存储设备使用的支付量相关联的一个或多个其他用户简档相比，使得自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。
一种用于操作便携式电能存储设备安全系统的方法可被概述为包括：由便携式电能存储设备的所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统接收关于认证要与所述便携式电能存储设备连接以对所述便携式电能存储设备进行充电的外部设备的信息，或关于认证通过所述便携式电能存储设备对一外部设备进行供电的所述外部设备的信息；以及基于关于认证的信息，由所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统作出关于允许自所述外部设备充电的确定，或由所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全 系统作出关于允许对所述外部设备供电的确定。
所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统可被集成为所述便携式电能存储设备的一部分。所述外部设备可为充电设备，且所述方法还包括：如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则接受自所述充电设备对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。所述接受对所述便携式电能存储设备充电包括：发送信号，所述信号使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。所述方法还可包括：如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则以使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电的方式发送所述信号，从而所述控制信号使所述开关闭合以使电路完整，并允许电流自所述充电设备流动，使所述便携式电能存储设备充电；以及在所述便携式电能存储设备与所述充电设备断开时，以防止所述便携式电能存储设备接受充电的方式发送所述信号，使得所述控制信号使所述开关断开所述电路并防止电流自所述充电设备流动。所述方法还可包括：经由自所述外部设备传送的无线信号接收关于认证的信息，其中在与便携式电能存储设备相距指定最大范围之外，无法检测到自所述外部设备传送的所述无线信号。所述方法还可包括：如果所述防损坏外壳以未经授权方式打开，则破坏所述便携式电能存储设备的操作条件。所述方法还可包括：请求关于认证所述外部设备的信息以用于由所述便携式电能存储设备对所述外部设备供电；以及基于所接收的对关于认证所述外部设备的信息的所述请求的响应(如果存在)，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量(如果存在)以供所述外部设备使用。所述外部设备可为车辆，且关于认证所述外部设备的信息可为关于所述车辆或与所述车辆相关联的用户的信息。自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述车辆使用基于所述车辆的车辆性能简档而确定。所述方法还可包括：与具有比所述车辆低的车辆性能简档的其他车辆相比，使得自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述车辆使用基于与所述车辆相关联的用户的简档而确定。所述方法还可包括：与同低于所述用户简档的用于便携式电能存储设备使用的支付量相关联的一个或多个其他用户简档相比，使得自所述便携式 电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。
一种便携式电能存储设备可被概述为包括：电池单元；以及安全系统，操作地耦接至所述电池单元，所述安全系统被配置为：允许或防止所述便携式电能存储设备接受充电；以及允许或防止释放来自所述电池单元的能量。
所述电池单元和安全系统置于所述便携式电能存储设备的防损坏外壳内，所述防损坏外壳包括易碎部分，所述易碎部分被配置为：响应于所述防损坏外壳的损坏或试图损坏而呈现开路，以破坏所述便携式电能存储设备的操作条件。所述安全系统可包括：至少一个处理器；至少一个通信模块，耦接至所述至少一个处理器；以及至少一个处理器可读存储器，用于存储由所述至少一个处理器执行以使所述至少一个处理器进行以下操作的指令：基于关于认证所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统的接收信息，确定所述便携式电能存储设备是否接受自便携式电能存储设备充电系统对便携式电能存储设备充电；以及基于接收到的对来自所述安全系统的关于认证外部设备的信息的请求的响应或未接收到所述响应，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量(如果存在)以供所述外部设备使用。由所述至少一个处理器执行的所述指令使所述至少一个处理器进行以下操作：如果基于关于认证所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统的接收信息而认证所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统，则接受自所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。所述接受自所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统对所述便携式电能存储设备充电包括：所述至少一个处理器发送信号，所述信号使得能够由所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。由所述至少一个处理器执行的所述指令使所述至少一个处理器进行以下操作：如果接收到对关于认证的信息的请求的响应，所述响应指示所述外部设备肯定未经授权以使用所述便携式电能存储设备，则防止自所述电池单元向所述外部设备进一步释放任何能量。所述安全系统可被配置为：允许或防止根据意在使用所述便携式电能存储设备的外部设备的所述安全系统的对应认证等级，以特定等级释放来自所述电池单元的能量。
一种在其上具有计算机可执行指令的便携式电能存储设备安全系统的非瞬时性计算机可读存储介质可被概述为包括以下指令：在执行时使所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统的处理器进行以下操作：接收关于认证要与所述便携式电能存储设备连接以对所述便携式电能存储设备进行充电的外部设备的信息，或关于认证通过所述便携式电能存储设备对外部设备进行供电的所述外部设备的信息；以及基于关于认证的信息，作出关于允许来自所述外部设备充电的确定，或作出关于允许对所述外部设备供电的确定。
所述外部设备可为充电设备，且还可包括：如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则接受自所述充电设备对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。所述接受所述便携式电能存储设备充电包括：发送信号，所述信号使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。
附图说明
在图式中，相同参考数字识别类似的组件或动作。在图式中的组件的大小及相对位置未必按比例绘制。举例而言，各种组件及角度的形状未按比例绘制，且该组件中的一些组件经任意放大及定位以改良图式辨视性。另外，如所绘制的组件的特定形状并不意欲传送关于特定组件的实际形状的任何信息，且仅为了易于图式中的辨识而选择。
图1为根据一非限制性说明实施例的收集、充电和分配机器以及若干电力存储设备、以及电动小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车及经由电网格提供的电气服务的示意图。
图2为根据一非限制性说明实施例的图1的收集、充电和分配机器的方块图。
图3为根据一非限制性说明实施例的图1的便携式电能存储设备的方块图。
图4为根据一非限制性说明实施例的图3的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的示意图。
图5为示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的高阶方法的流程图。
图6为示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的低阶方法的流程图，该低阶方法包括可用于图5的方法中的接受便携式电能存储设备充电。
图7为示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的低阶方法的流程图，该低阶方法包括可用于图5的方法中的发送控制信号以实现及防止便携式电能存储设备之充电。
图8为示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的低阶方法的流程图，该低阶方法包括可用于图5的方法中的在存在自便携式电能存储设备释放的能量的情况下，确定自便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供外部设备使用。
图9为示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的低阶方法的流程图，该低阶方法包括可用于图8的方法中的基于车辆的车辆性能简档而确定释放多少能量。
图10为示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的低阶方法的流程图，该低阶方法包括可用于图9的方法中的使得针对某一车辆性能简档释放更多能量。
图11为示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的低阶方法的流程图，该低阶方法包括可用于图8的方法中的基于用户简档而确定释放多少能量。
具体实施方式
在以下描述中，阐明了某些特定细节以便提供对各种所揭示的实施例的透彻理解。然而，相关领域技术人员应认识到，可在无该特定细节中的一个或多个的情况下或通过其他方法、组件、材料等来实践实施例。在其他情况下，未详细示出或描述与售货装置、电池、超级 电容器或超电容器、电力转换器(包括(但不限于)变压器、整流器、DC/DC电力转换器、开关模式电力转换器、控制器及通信系统及结构)及网络相关联的熟知结构，以避免不必要地使实施例的描述晦涩难懂。
除非上下文另有需要，否则贯穿本说明书及接着的申请专利范围，词“包含(comprise)”及其变化形式(诸如，“comprises”及“comprising”)应按开放的包括性意义来解释，亦即，解释为“包括但不限于”。
贯穿本说明书的对“一个实施例”或“一实施例”的提及意谓结合所述实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性包括于至少一个实施例中。因此，词组“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例中”在贯穿本说明书的各处中的出现未必皆指代相同实施例。
诸如第一、第二及第三的序数词的使用未必暗示次序的排名意义，而是可能仅区分动作或结构的多个例项。
对便携式电力存储设备的提及意谓能够存储电力及释放所存储电力的任何设备，包括(但不限于)电池、超级电容器或超电容器。对电池的提及意谓一个或多个化学存储电池，例如，可再充电或二次电池单元(secondary battery cell)，包括(但不限于)镍镉合金或锂离子电池单元。
本文中提供的本发明的标题及公开的摘要仅为了便利起见，且并不解译实施例的范畴或意义。
图1示出根据一说明实施例的包括收集、充电和分配机器102的环境100。
收集、充电和分配机器102可采用自动售货机或公共信息查询站的形式。收集、充电和分配机器102具有多个接纳器、收容空间或插座104a、104b至104n(在图1中仅引出三个，统称为104)，以可移除地接纳用于收集、充电和分配的便携式电能存储设备(例如，电池、超级电容器或超电容器)106a至106n(统称为106)。如图1中所说明，接纳器104中的一些接纳器为空的，而其他接纳器104容纳便携式电能存储设备106。虽然图1示出每一接纳器104一单个便携式电 能存储设备106，但在一些实施例中，每一接纳器104可容纳两个或甚至两个以上便携式电能存储设备106。举例而言，接纳器104中的每一个可足够深以接纳三个便携式电能存储设备106。因此，举例而言，图1中所说明的收集、充电和分配机器102可具有能够同时容纳40个、80个或120个便携式电能存储设备106的容量。
便携式电能存储设备106可采用各种各样的形式，例如，电池(例如，电池单元阵列)或超级电容器或超电容器(例如，超电容器电池单元阵列)。举例而言，便携式电能存储设备106z可采用可再充电电池(亦即，二次电池单元(secondary cell)或二次电池(secondary battery))的形式。便携式电能存储设备106z可(例如)经设定大小以实体配合个人运输车辆(诸如，全电动小轮机踏车或机动脚踏车108)且对个人运输车辆供电。如先前所注释，内燃机小轮机踏车及机动脚踏车在许多大城市(例如，在亚洲、欧洲及中东)普遍。贯穿城市或地区便利地接入已充电的电池的能力可允许使用全电动小轮机踏车及机动脚踏车108代替内燃机小轮机踏车及机动脚踏车，由此减轻空气污染以及减少噪音。
便携式电能存储设备106(仅便携式电能存储设备106z可见)可包括可自便携式电能存储设备106z的外部接入的若干电端子110a、110b(说明两个，统称为110)。电端子110允许自便携式电能存储设备106z传递电荷，以及允许将电荷传递至便携式电能存储设备106z以用于对便携式电能存储设备106z充电或再充电。虽然在图1中说明为接线柱，但电端子110可采用可自便携式电能存储设备106z的外部接入的任何其他形式，包括定位于电池外壳中的槽内的电端子。当可将便携式电能存储设备106借出、租赁和/或租借给公众时，需要控制如何及在何种情况下可对便携式电能存储设备106充电和/或便携式电能存储设备106可释放能量，甚至在收集、充电和分配机器102外部或另外为用户所拥有时亦如此。对便携式电能存储设备106的该控制有助于防止盗窃和/或误用且亦使得能够控制各种便携式电能存储设备106的各种性能水平。下文参看图2至图7更详细地描述用于对便携式电能存储设备106充电的系统及方法，包括用于控制这 种充电及能量释放的安全系统，且该系统及方法可用于本文中所描述的用于对便携式电能存储设备106进行收集、充电和分配的整个系统中。
收集、充电和分配机器102定位于某一位置112处，在位置112处，收集、充电和分配机器102可由各种端用户便利地且容易地接入。该位置可采用大量各种各样的形式中的任一个，例如，零售环境，诸如，便利商店、超市、加汽或加油站、或维修店。或者，收集、充电和分配机器102可独立地处于不与现有零售或其他商务相关联的位置112处，例如，在公共公园或其他公共场所。因此，举例而言，收集、充电和分配机器102可位于贯穿城市或地区的便利商店连锁店中的每一商店处。此情形可有利地依赖于以下事实：便利商店常常是基于对目标人群或人口统计的便利来选址或分配。此情形可有利地依赖于预先存在的对店面或其他零售位置的租赁，以允许迅速地在城市或地区中发展收集、充电和分配机器102的广泛网络。迅速地实现在地理上经良好分配以伺服目标人群的大网络增强了取决于此系统及此努力的很可能的商业成功的能力。
位置112可包括电气服务114以(例如)经由网格116自发电站(未图示)接收电力。电气服务114可(例如)包括电气服务计量表114a、电路面板(例如，断路器面板或保险丝盒)114b、布线114c及电插口114d中的一个或多个。在位置112为现有零售或便利商店的情况下，电气服务114可为现有电气服务，因此可能在额定值上稍微受限(例如，120伏特、240伏特、220伏特、230伏特、15安培)。
零售位置112的经营者或收集、充电和分配机器102的拥有者、分配者或经营者可能皆不希望承担升级电气服务114的成本。然而，需要迅速充电以便维持可用于供端用户使用的便携式电能存储设备106的充分供应。迅速充电同时维持现有或另外有限额定电气服务的能力在题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING ANDDISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511,900号中得以解决。
视情况，收集、充电和分配机器102可包括或耦接至再生电源。举例而言，在安装于外部位置的情况下，收集、充电和分配机器102可包括光伏(PV)电池阵列118以自太阳日照产生电力。或者，收集、充电和分配机器102可电耦接至微型涡轮机(例如，风力涡轮机)或定位于位置112处的其他处(例如，在屋顶部或装设于柱(未图示)的顶部上的柱上)的PV阵列。
收集、充电和分配机器102可通信耦接至一个或多个位于远程的计算机系统，诸如，后端或后台系统(仅示出一个)120。后端或后台系统120可自分配于诸如城市的区域各处的多个收集、充电和分配机器102收集数据和/或控制分配于诸如城市的区域各处的多个收集、充电和分配机器102。通信可发生于包括一个或多个网络122的一个或多个通信频道或非网络化的通信频道上。通信可在一个或多个有线通信频道(例如，双绞线布线、光纤)、无线通信频道(例如，无线电、微波、卫星、符合801.11)上。网络化的通信频道可包括一个或多个局域网络(LAN)、广域网(WAN)、企业外部网络、企业内部网络或因特网(包括因特网的全球信息网部分)。
收集、充电和分配机器102可包括用户接口124。用户接口可包括各种各样的输入/输出(I/O)设备以允许端用户与收集、充电和分配机器102互动。参看接着的图2引出且描述各种I/O设备。
图2示出根据一说明实施例的图1的收集、充电和分配机器102。
收集、充电和分配机器102包括控制子系统202、充电子系统204、通信子系统206及用户接口子系统208。
控制子系统202包括控制器210，例如，微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)、可编程门阵列(PGA)、专用集成电路(ASIC)，或能够自各种传感器接收信号、执行逻辑运算及将信号发送至各种组件的另一控制器。通常，控制器210可采用微处理器(例如，INTEL、AMD、ATOM)的形式。控制子系统202亦可包括一个或多个非瞬时性处理器或计算机可读存储介质，例如，只读存储器(ROM)212、随机存取存储器(RAM)214及数据存储器216(例如，诸如闪存或EEPROM的固态存储介质、诸如硬盘之类的旋转存 储介质)。非瞬时性处理器或计算机可读存储介质212、214、216另外可为作为控制器210的一部分的任何非瞬时性存储介质(例如，寄存器)。控制子系统202可包括将各种组件耦接在一起的一个或多个总线218(仅示出一个)，例如，一个或多个电力总线、指令总线、数据总线等。
如所说明，ROM 212或非瞬时性处理器或计算机可读存储介质212、214、216中的某一其他存储介质存储指令和/或变量或参数的数据或值。所述数据集可采用各种各样的形式，例如，查找表、数据库中的记录集合等。指令及数据或值的集合可由控制器110来执行。指令及数据或值的集合的执行使控制器110执行特定动作以使收集、充电和分配机器102收集、充电和分配便携式能量存储设备。在作为对便携式电能存储设备106充电的外部设备的上下文中，收集、充电和分配机器102的特定操作在下文参看各流程图(图5至图11)加以描述。
控制器210可按传统方式将RAM 214用于指令、数据等的易失性存储。控制器210可使用数据存储器216来记录或保留信息，例如，与便携式电力存储设备106的收集、充电和/或分配或收集和/或收集、充电和分配机器102自身的操作有关的遥测信息。指令可由控制器210执行以响应于端用户或操作者输入且使用变量或参数的数据或值来控制收集、充电和分配机器102的操作。
控制子系统202自各种传感器和/或收集、充电和分配机器102的其他组件接收信号，所述信号包括特征化或指示该其他组件的操作、状态或状况的信息。传感器在图2中由出现于圆圈中连同有适当下标字母的字母S表示。
举例而言，一个或多个位置传感器SP1至SPN可检测在接纳器104中的每一个处的便携式电力存储设备106的存在或不存在。位置传感器SP1至SPN可采用各种各样的形式。举例而言，位置传感器SP1至SPN可采用机械开关的形式，所述机械开关响应于在将便携式电力存储设备106插入至接纳器104中时与相应便携式电力存储设备106的一部分接触而闭合或者断开。亦举例而言，位置传感器SP1至SPN可 采用光学开关(亦即，光源及接纳器)的形式，所述光学开关响应于在将便携式电力存储设备106插入至接纳器104中时与相应便携式电力存储设备106的一部分接触而闭合或者断开。亦举例而言，位置传感器SP1至SPN可采用电传感器或开关的形式，所述电传感器或开关响应于检测到以下情形而闭合或者断开：由于在将便携式电力存储设备106插入至接纳器104中时与相应便携式电力存储设备106的端子110接触建立的闭路状况，或由于接纳器104中缺少相应便携式电力存储设备106而产生的开路状况。该示例意欲为非限制性的，且注意，可使用用于检测便携式电力存储设备106的存在/不存在或甚至便携式电力存储设备106至接纳器中的插入的任何其他结构及设备。
举例而言，一个或多个电荷传感器SC1至SCN可检测接纳器104中的每一个处的便携式电力存储设备106的电荷。电荷传感器SC1至SCN可检测由便携式电力存储设备106存储的电荷量。电荷传感器SC1至SCN可另外检测正供应至接纳器104中的每一个处的便携式电力存储设备106中的便携式电力存储设备的电荷量和/或充电速率。此情形可允许评估每一便携式电力存储设备106的当前(亦即，瞬时)充电状况或状态，以及允许对便携式电力存储设备106的充电进行回馈控制，包括对充电速率的控制。电荷传感器SC1至SCN可包括任何各种各样的电流和/或电压传感器。
举例而言，一个或多个电荷传感器ST1(仅示出一个)可检测或感测接纳器104处或在周围环境中的温度。
控制子系统202响应于控制信号而将信号提供至各种致动器和/或其他组件，所述信号包括特征化或指示组件将执行的操作或组件应进入的状态或状况的信息。控制信号、响应于控制信号的致动器或其他组件在图2中由出现于圆圈中连同有适当下标字母的字母C表示。
举例而言，一个或多个引擎控制信号CA1至CAN可影响一个或多个致动器220(仅说明一个)的操作。举例而言，控制信号CA1可使致动器220在第一位置与第二位置之间的移动或改变由致动器220产生的磁场。致动器220可采用各种各样的形式中的任一个，包括(但不限于)螺线管、诸如步进马达的电动马达或电磁体。致动器220可 经耦接以操作闩锁、锁或其他保持器机构222。闩锁、锁或其他保持器机构222可选择性地紧固或保持接纳器104(图1)中的一个或多个便携式电力存储设备106(图1)。举例而言，闩锁、锁或其他保持器机构222可实体耦接至为便携式电力存储设备106(图1)的外壳的一部分的互补结构。或者，闩锁、锁或其他保持器机构222可磁性耦接至为便携式电力存储设备106(图1)的外壳的一部分的互补结构。又举例而言，闩锁、锁或其他机构可开启接纳器104(图1)，或可允许开启接纳器104，以接纳部分或完全放电的便携式电力存储设备106以用于充电。举例而言，致动器可开启和/或关闭至接纳器104(图1)的门，以选择性地提供对接纳于其中的便携式电力存储设备106(图1)的接入。又举例而言，致动器可开启和/或关闭闩锁或锁，从而允许端用户开启和/或关闭至接纳器104(图1)的门，以选择性地提供对接纳于其中的便携式电力存储设备106(图1)的接入。
控制子系统202可包括一个或多个端口224a以将控制信号提供至充电子系统206的一个或多个端口224b。端口224a、224b可提供双向通信。控制子系统202可包括一个或多个端口226a以将控制信号提供至用户接口子系统208的一个或多个端口226b。端口226a、226b可提供双向通信。
充电子系统204包括各种电组件及电子组件以在便携式电力存储设备106定位或接纳于接纳器104中时对便携式电力存储设备106充电。举例而言，充电子系统204可包括一个或多个电力总线或电力总线条、继电器、接触器或其他开关(例如，绝缘闸极双极晶体管或IGBT、金属氧化物半导体晶体管或MOSFET)、整流器网桥、电流传感器、接地故障电路等。经由可采用各种各样的形式(例如，端子、导线、接线柱等)中的任一个的接触点来供应电力。所述接触点允许电耦接各种组件。一些可能的实施方案说明于图2中加以论述。此情形并不意欲为详尽的。可使用额外组件，同时可省略其他组件。
所说明的充电子系统204包括第一电力转换器230，其经由线路或接电线232自电气服务114(图1)接收电力。电力通常将采用单相、两相或三相AC电力的形式。因而，第一电力转换器230可能需 要转换及以其他方式调节经由电气服务114(图1)接收的电力，(例如)以用于将AC波形整流至DC，变换电压、电流、相位，以及减少瞬态及噪声。因此，第一电力转换器230可包括变压器234、整流器236、DC/DC电力转换器238及滤波器240。
变压器234可采用任何各种各样的市售变压器的形式，所述市售变压器具有用于处置经由电气服务114(图1)接收的电力的合适额定值。一些实施例可使用多个变压器。变压器234可有利地提供收集、充电和分配机器102的组件与网格116(图1)的间的电流隔离。整流器236可采用各种各样的形式(例如，全桥二极管整流器或开关模式整流器)中的任一个。整流器236可经操作以将AC电力变换至DC电力。DC/DC电力转换器238可为大量各种各样的形式中的任一个。举例而言，DC/DC电力转换器238可采用开关模式DC/DC电力转换器的形式(例如，在半桥或全桥组态中使用IGBT或MOSFET)，且可包括一个或多个电感器。DC/DC电力转换器238可具有任何数目的拓扑，包括升压式转换器、降压式转换器、同步降压式转换器、降压-升压转换器或返驰式转换器。滤波器240可包括一个或多个电容器、电阻器、齐纳(Zener)二极管或其他组件以抑制电压尖峰，或以移除或减少瞬态和/或噪声。
所说明的充电子系统204亦可自再生电源(例如，PV阵列118(图1))接收电力。此电力可由第一电力转换器230来转换或调节，例如，直接供应至DC/DC电力转换器238而绕过变压器236和/或整流器236。或者，所说明的充电子系统204可包括专用电力转换器以转换或以其他方式调节此电力。
所说明的充电子系统204包括第二电力转换器242，其经由一个或多个线路244自一个或多个便携式电力存储设备106(图1)接收电力，以用于对便携式电力存储设备106中的其他便携式电力存储设备充电。因而，第二电力转换器可能需要转换和/或以其他方式调节自便携式电力存储设备106接收的电力，例如，视情况变换电压或电流，以及减少瞬态及噪声。因此，第二电力转换器242可视情况而包括DC/DC电力转换器246和/或滤波器248。以上论述了各种类型的 DC/DC电力转换器及滤波器。
所说明的充电子系统204包括响应于来自控制子系统202的经由端口224a、224b传递的控制信号的多个开关250。所述开关可操作以选择性地耦接要自由电气服务经由第一电力转换器230供应的电力及自由第二数目或集合的便携式电力存储设备106供应的电力充电的第一数目或集合的便携式电力存储设备106。第一数目或集合的便携式电力存储设备106可包括单一便携式电力存储设备106、两个或甚至两个以上便携式电力存储设备106。第二数目或集合的便携式电力存储设备106可包括单一便携式电力存储设备106、两个或甚至两个以上便携式电力存储设备106。便携式电力存储设备106在图2中表示为负载L1、L2至LN。
通信子系统206可另外包括一个或多个通信模块或组件，其促进与后端或后台系统120(图1)的各种组件和/或便携式电能存储设备106的各种组件的通信。通信子系统206可(例如)包括一个或多个调制解调器252或一个或多个以太网或其他类型的通信卡或组件254。控制子系统202的端日256a可将控制子系统202与通信子系统206的端口256b通信耦接。通信子系统206可提供有线和/或无线通信。举例而言，通信子系统206可提供组件，该组件实现与收集、充电和分配机器102外部的各种其他设备(包括便携式电能存储设备106)的短程(例如，经由蓝牙、近场通信(NFC)、射频识别(RFID)组件及协议)或较远程无线通信(例如，通过无线LAN、卫星或蜂窝网络)。通信子系统206可包括一个或多个端口、无线接收器、无线传输器或无线收发器以提供至各种远程组件或系统的无线信号路径。远程通信子系统206可包括适合于处理网络业务(包括交换分组类型通信协议(TCP/IP)、以太网或其他网络连接协议)之一个或多个网桥或路由器。
用户接口系统208包括一个或多个用户输入/输出(I/O)组件。举例而言，用户接口系统208可包括触控屏幕显示器208a，其可操作以对终端用户呈现信息及图形用户接口(GUI)及接收用户选择的指示。用户接口系统208可包括键盘或小键盘208b和/或光标控制器 (例如，鼠标、轨迹球、轨迹垫)(未加以说明)，以允许终端用户键入信息和/或选择GUI中的用户可选择图示。用户接口系统208可包括扬声器208c以将声音讯息提供至终端用户，和/或可包括麦克风208d以接收口头的用户输入(诸如，口头命令)。
用户接口系统208可包括读卡器208e以自卡型媒体209读取信息。读卡器208e可采用各种各样的形式。举例而言，读卡器208e可采用磁条读取器的形式或包括磁条读取器，所述磁条读取器用于读取编码于由卡209载运的磁条中的信息。举例而言，读卡器208e可采用机器可读符号(例如，条形码、矩阵码)读卡器的形式或包括机器可读符号(例如，条形码、矩阵码)读卡器，所述机器可读符号读卡器用于读取编码于由卡209载运的机器可读符号中的信息。举例而言，读卡器208e可采用智能读卡器的形式或包括智能读卡器，所述智能读卡器用于读取编码于由卡209载运的非瞬时性媒体中的信息。此可(例如)包括使用射频识别(RFID)询答器或电子支付芯片(例如，近场(NFC)芯片)的媒体。因此，读卡器208e能够自各种各样的卡媒体209(例如，信用卡、转账卡、礼品卡、预付卡，以及诸如驾照的识别媒体)读取信息。读卡器208e亦能够读取在由便携式电能存储设备106所承载的非瞬时性介质中编码的信息，并且可以包括RFID询答器、收发器、NFC芯片和/或其他通信设备，以将信息通信至便携式电能存储设备106(例如，用于便携式电能存储设备106的认证、和/或收集、充电和分配机器102对便携式电能存储设备106的认证)。
用户接口系统208可包括纸钞机208f及验钞器和/或投币器208g以接受及验证现金支付。该组件可高度适用于服务缺少信用之人群。纸钞机及验钞器208f和/或投币器208g可采用任何各种各样的形式，例如，当前市售及在各种自动售货机及公共信息查询站中使用的那些形式。
图3为根据非限制性说明实施例的图1的便携式电能存储设备106z的方块图。
示出便携式电能存储设备外壳302、电端子110a、110b、电池单 元304、安全系统控制器306及安全接入面板314。电池单元304为任何可再充电型电化学电池单元，其将所存储化学能转换成电能。如上文所描述，电端子110a、110b可自便携式电能存储设备106z外部接入。电端子110允许自便携式电能存储设备106z传递电荷，以及允许将电荷传递至便携式电能存储设备106z，以用于经由至电池单元304的导电端子接头312a及312b对便携式电能存储设备106z充电或再充电。虽然在图3中说明为接线柱，但电端子110a及110b可采用可自便携式电能存储设备106z的外部接入的任何其他形式，包括定位于电池组外壳302中的槽内的电端子。
由安全系统控制器306电控制的两个开关310a及310b操作地耦接至终端线312a及312b及安全系统控制器308。在闭合位置中，开关310a及310b操作以使电路完整，从而允许电流自便携式电能存储设备106z流动或将电流传递至便携式电能存储设备106z。在打开位置中，开关310a及310b操作以断开电路，从而防止电流自便携式电能存储设备106z流动且防止将电流传递至便携式电能存储设备106z。在一些实施例中，开关310a及310b可为响应于自安全系统控制器308所接收信号的任何类型的电子或电子机械开关。开关310a及310b可包括各种电和/或电子组件，包括各种类型的致动器、接触器、继电器、整流器、功率晶体管、IGBT和/或MOSFET等。
在一些实施例中，便携式电存储设备106z默认处于以下状态中：除非便携式电存储设备106z接收到来自充电设备或其他外部设备的认证(例如，经由无线信号)，否则便携式电存储设备106z无法接受充电。举例而言，此认证可基于经由组件接收的信息而进行，所述组件支持与便携式电存储设备106z外部的各种其他设备的短程(例如，经由蓝牙、近场通信(NFC)、射频识别(RFID)组件及协议)或较远程无线通信(例如，经无线LAN、卫星或蜂窝网络)。认证可基于的接收信息可包括(但不限于)以下各项中的一个或多个：码、密码、电子凭证、电子安全证书、加密数据、加密密钥、电子密钥等。
安全系统控制器306被配置为基于来自要与便携式电存储设备106z连接用以接收电荷或传递能量的外部设备的认证，发送信号以 打开或闭合开关310a及310b。便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306亦被配置为：在两个开关310a及310b均处于打开位置中时，经由调节在耦接至端子110a及110b及便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306的线路314a及314b上及在耦接至便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306及电池单元304的线路308上流经便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306的电流，调节自便携式电存储设备106z释放的能量(如果存在)的量。自便携式电存储设备106z释放的能量的调节可响应于来自便携式电存储设备106z外部的设备的各种信息或其他无线信号。举例而言，在一些情况下，用户可在收集、充电和分配机器102处购买、租借或交换时选择便携式电存储设备106z所需电力或性能水平，并支付用于进行该操作的溢价(premium)。此外，释放的能量的量可取决于如通过便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306接收的信息指示的以下各项中的一个或多个：用户简档、用户的车辆简档、用户的订制等级、与所识别的用户有关或与一般用户有关的所提供的特定促销、用户的人口统计信息(诸如，收入水平、性别、年龄、净值、婚姻状况等)。
外壳302由聚合物或其他耐用材料建构而成，该聚合物或其他耐用材料具有足够厚度以保护电池单元304及便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306免受外部组件及损坏影响。举例而言，外壳之壁之厚度可为至少约.25英寸，且完全环绕电池单元304及便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306(除了在一些实施例中，外壳中之小通风孔)，使得在无钥匙或开启锁定接入面板314的其他专业化工具的情况下无法接入电池单元304及便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306。
安全系统控制器306的一个或多个部分可构建为抗损坏、防损坏或指示损坏。举例而言，一个或多个部分可为易碎的，且被设计为响应于损坏或试图损坏而呈现一开路。举例而言，一个或多个开关310或电导线、迹线或导电路径可形成于响应于损坏而断裂的易碎基板中。易碎基板可采用各种各样的形式中的任何一种，包括玻璃、陶瓷，或甚至更传统电路板材料(若适当地薄，以致在经受相关联的力或在损坏的情况下期望施加的力的情况下撕裂、扯破或断裂)。在一些情况 下，以下情形可能为足够的：电导线、迹线或导电路径为易碎的，而基板(例如，电路板、外壳202)并非易碎的。举例而言，可在以下情况下实现此情形：其中基板足够柔性以致基板将弯曲而不断裂，而该弯曲使在电路径中出现不连续性。或者，可通过试图损坏触发诸如刀片或刮刀的结构，以割断电路径，从而导致使便携式电能存储设备106z无法操作的开路状况。
外壳302可提供保护以防止或阻止损坏，且可由适当坚固且弹性材料(例如，ABS塑料)形成。此情形不仅可防止或阻止损坏，而且可留下任何损坏尝试的可见指示。举例而言，外壳302可包括第一色彩(例如，黑色)的坚固外层，该第一色彩(例如，黑色)的坚固外层在其之下的第二色彩(例如，荧光橙色)的内层内。此情形将使得切开外壳302的尝试可见地明显。
亦应注意，外壳302可用作前述基板，或可(例如)经由合适黏着剂将易碎基板紧固至外壳的内部部分。因此，对外壳的损坏可切断或损坏电路连接，从而再次使得设备无法操作。
在一些实施例中，便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306的一些组件或所有组件可位于便携式电存储设备106z外部，作为致动开关310a及310b(例如，经由无线控制信号)的单独设备。再者，额外或较少开关可足够用以防止或允许电流流动至电池单元304及电流自电池单元304流动。
图4为根据一非限制性说明实施例的图1及图3所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器306的示意图。
便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306包括控制器410、通信子系统406，及电力接口/管理器。
控制器410(例如)为微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)、可编程门阵列(PGA)、特殊应用集成电路(ASIC)，或能够自各种传感器接收信号、执行逻辑运算及将信号发送至各种组件的另一控制器。通常，控制器410可采用微处理器(例如，INTEL、AMD、ATOM)的形式。便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306亦可包括一个或多个非瞬时性处理器或计算机可读存储介质，例如，只读存储器 (ROM)412、随机存取存储器(RAM)414及数据存储器416(例如，诸如闪存或EEPROM的固态存储介质、诸如硬盘机的旋转存储介质)。非瞬时性处理器或计算机可读存储介质412、414、416另外可为为控制器410的一部分的任何非瞬时性存储介质(例如，寄存器)。便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306可包括将各种组件耦接在一起的一个或多个总线418(仅说明一个)，例如，一个或多个电力总线、指令总线、数据总线等。
如所说明，ROM 412或非瞬时性处理器或计算机可读存储介质412、414、416中的某一其他存储指令和/或变量或参数的数据或值。该等数据集可采用各种各样的形式，例如，查找表、数据库中的记录集合等。指令及数据或值的集合可由控制器410来执行。指令及数据或值的集合的执行使控制器410执行特定动作以使便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306产生控制信号，以允许或防止便携式电存储设备106z接受充电或释放能量，或以其他方式调节来自便携式电存储设备106z的能量的释放。便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306的特定操作在本文中且亦在下文参看各流程图(图5至图11)描述。
控制器410可按传统方式将RAM 414用于指令、数据等的易失性存储。控制器410可使用数据存储器416来记录或保留信息，例如，关于用户简档信息的信息、车辆简档信息、安全码、凭证、安全认证、密码、用户的订制等级、与所识别的用户有关或与一般用户有关的所提供的特定促销、用户的人口统计信息(诸如，收入水平、性别、年龄、净值、婚姻状况等)、关于用户车辆位置及远程信息处理和/或遥测用户车辆信息的信息、关于便携式电能存储设备充电容量的信息、关于用户的路线信息的信息等。该等指令可由控制器410来执行，以响应于来自远程系统的输入(诸如，外部设备的彼等输入，外部设备包括(但不限于)以下各项：充电设备、车辆、用户识别设备(卡、电子密钥等)车辆、收集、充电和分配机器、收集、充电和分配机器服务系统、用户行动设备、用户车辆)及终端用户或操作者输入，且使用变量或参数的数据或值，来控制便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306的操作。
控制子系统402亦可经由收集、充电和分配机器102的通信子系统206自各种传感器和/或外部设备的组件接收信号。此信息可包括特征化或指示该组件的确实性、经授权等级、操作、状态或状况的信息。
通信子系统406可包括一个或多个通信模块或组件，促进与外部设备的各种组件的通信且亦促进与图1的收集、充电和分配机器102的各种组件(例如，诸如，以接收用户简档、车辆简档和/或促销活动信息的软件更新或数据更新)及一个或多个用户行动通信设备的通信，使得可在设备的间交换数据以用于认证目的。通信子系统406可提供有线和/或无线通信。通信子系统406可包括一个或多个埠、无线接收器、无线传输器或无线收发器以提供至各种远程组件或系统的无线信号路径。通信子系统406可(例如)包括组件，该组件实现短程(例如，经由蓝牙、近场通信(NFC)、射频识别(RFID)组件及协议)或较远程无线通信(例如，经无线LAN、卫星或蜂窝网络)，且可包括一个或多个调制解调器452或一个或多个以太网或用于进行该操作的其他类型的通信卡或组件454。远程通信子系统406可包括适合于处置网络讯务(包括交换式封包类型通信协议(TCP/IP)、以太网或其他网络连接协议)的一个或多个网桥或路由器。
在一些实施例中，便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306的一些组件或所有组件可位于便携式电存储设备106z外部，作为致动便携式电存储设备106z的开关310a及310b(例如，经由经通信子系统406发送的无线控制信号)的单独设备。
电力接口/管理器420可由控制器410来控制且被配置为将电力自电池单元304或外部设备提供至便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306。再者，电力接口/管理器420被配置为根据自控制器410接收的控制信号调节来自便携式电存储设备106z的电力的释放，且包括可操作以用于进行该操作的各种组件(诸如，电变压器、转换器、整流器等)。
图5示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器306的高阶方法500。
在502处，便携式电存储设备106z接收关于认证要与便携式电存储设备106z连接以对便携式电存储设备106z进行充电的外部设备的信息，或关于认证通过该便携式电能存储设备对外部设备进行供电的该外部设备的信息。
在504处，便携式电存储设备106z基于关于认证的信息，作出关于允许自设备充电的确定，或作出关于允许对设备供电的确定。
图6示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器306的低阶方法600，该低阶方法包括可用于图5的方法中的接受便携式电能存储设备充电。
在602处，如果基于关于认证的信息而认证充电设备，则便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306接受自充电设备对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。
图7示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器306的低阶方法700，该低阶方法包括可用于图5的方法中的发送控制信号以实现及防止便携式电能存储设备的充电。
在702处，如果于关于认证的信息而认证充电设备，则便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306以使得能够对便携式电能存储设备充电的方式发送信号，使得控制信号使开关闭合以使电路完整，且允许电流自充电设备流动，从而使便携式电能存储设备充电。
在704处，一旦便携式电能存储设备与充电设备断开，便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306便以防止该便携式电能存储设备接受充电的方式发送信号，使得控制信号使开关断开电路且防止电流自充电设备流动。
图8示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器306的低阶方法800，该低阶方法包括可用于图5的方法中的在存在自便携式电能存储设备释放的能量的情况下，确定自便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供外部设备使用。
在802处，便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306请求关于认证 外部设备的信息以用于由便携式电能存储设备对外部设备供电。
在803处，便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306基于所接收的对关于认证所述外部设备的信息的所述请求的响应(如果存在)，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量(如果存在)以供所述外部设备使用。
图9示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器306的低阶方法900，该低阶方法包括可用于图8的方法中的基于车辆的车辆性能简档而确定释放多少能量。
在902处，便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306基于车辆的车辆性能简档而确定自便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量。
图10示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3及图4所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器306的低阶方法1000，该低阶方法包括可用于图9的方法中的使针对某一车辆性能简档释放更多能量。
在1002处，便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306使得与具有比所述车辆低的车辆性能简档的其他车辆相比，自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。
图11示出根据一非限制性说明实施例的操作图3所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统控制器的低阶方法1100，该低阶方法包括可用于图8的方法中的基于用户简档而确定释放多少能量。
在1102处，便携式电存储设备安全系统控制器306使得与同低于所述用户简档的用于便携式电能存储设备使用的支付量相关联的一个或多个其他用户简档相比，自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。
举例而言，若用户支付更高溢价或订制价格，则用户可使便携式电存储设备106z能够具有较高性能特征(诸如，较高电力输出)。本文中描述的各种方法可包括额外动作，省略一些动作，和/或可按与在各种流程图中所阐述的次序不同的次序执行动作。
前述详细描述已经由方块图、示意图及示例的使用阐明了设备和 /或处理程序的各种实施例。在该方块图、示意图及示例含有一个或多个功能和/或操作的范围内，本领域技术人员应理解，在该方块图、流程图或示例内的每一功能和/或操作可由广泛范围的硬件、软件、固件或实际上其任何组合来个别和/或共同地实施。在一实施例中，可经由一个或多个微控制器实施本主旨。然而，本领域技术人员应认识到，本文中揭示的实施例整体地或部分地可等效地实施于标准集成电路(例如，专用集成电路或ASIC)中，实施为由一个或多个计算机执行的一个或多个计算机程序(例如，实施为在一个或多个计算机系统上执行的一个或多个程序)，实施为由一个或多个控制器(例如，微控制器)执行的一个或多个程序，实施为由一个或多个处理器(例如，微处理器)执行的一个或多个程序，实施为固件，或实施为实际上其任何组合，且设计电路和/或编写用于软件和/或固件的程序代码将良好地处于依据本发明的教示的一般本领域技术人员的技术内。
当将逻辑实施为软件且存储于存储器中时，可将逻辑或信息存储于任何非瞬时性计算机可读媒体上以供任何与处理器有关的系统或方法使用或结合任何与处理器有关的系统或方法使用。在本发明的上下文中，存储器为非瞬时性计算机或处理器可读存储介质，其为非瞬时性地含有或存储计算机和/或处理器程序的电子、磁性、光学或其他实体设备或构件。逻辑和/或信息可体现于任何计算机可读媒体中以供指令执行系统、装置或设备使用或结合指令执行系统、装置或设备使用，指令执行系统、装置或设备诸如基于计算机的系统、含有处理器的系统，或可自所述指令执行系统、装置或设备提取指令且执行与逻辑和/或信息相关联的指令的其他系统。
在本说明书的上下文中，“计算机可读媒体”可为可存储供指令执行系统、装置和/或设备使用或结合指令执行系统、装置和/或设备而使用的与逻辑和/或信息相关联的程序的任何实体组件。举例而言，计算机可读媒体可为(但不限于)电子、磁性、光学、电磁、红外线或半导体系统、装置或设备。计算机可读媒体的更特定实体(非详尽列表)将包括以下各项：便携式计算机盘片(磁性、紧凑快闪卡、安全数字卡或其类似者)、随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、 可抹除可编程只读存储器(EPROM、EEPROM或闪存)、便携式紧凑光盘只读存储器(CDROM)及数字磁带。
可组合上文所描述的各种实施例以提供其他实施例。在并不与本文中的特定教示及定义不一致的范围内，包括(但不限于)以下各项的在本说明书中参考的和/或在申请数据单中列出的所有美国专利、美国专利申请公开案、美国专利申请案、外国专利、外国专利申请案及非专利公开案以全文引用的方式并入本文中：题为“APPARATUS，METHOD ANDARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCHAS BATTERIES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511,900号(代理人案号170178.401P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING ANDDISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2012年5月16日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/647,936号(代理人案号170178.401P2)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR REDISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH ASBATTERIES，BETWEEN COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534,753号(代理人案号170178.402P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR AUTHENTICATION，SECURITY AND CONTROL OFPOWER STORAGE DEVICES SUCH AS BATTERIES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534,761号(代理人案号170178.403P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLEFOR AUTHENTICATION，SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES，SUCH ASBATTERIES，BASED ON USER PROFILES”且于2011年9月14日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/534,772号(代理人案号170178.404P1)；题为“THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPONENTS INELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE VEHICLES”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第 61/511,887号(代理人案号170178.406P1)；题为“THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPONENTS INELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE VEHICLES”且于2012年5月16日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/647,941号(代理人案号170178.406P2)；题为“DYNAMICALLY LIMITING VEHICLE OPERATIONFOR BEST EFFORT ECONOMY”且于2011年7月26日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/511,880号(代理人案号170178.407P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD，AND ARTICLE FOR PHYSICALSECURITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES IN VEHICLES”且于2011年11月8日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/557,170号(代理人案号170178.408P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD ANDARTICLE FOR A POWER STORAGE DEVICE COMPARMENT”且于2011年12月29日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/581,566号(代理人案号170178.412P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD ANDARTICLE FOR PROVIDING VEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC DATA”且于2012年2月21日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601,404号(代理人案号170178.417P1)；题为“APPARATUS，METHOD ANDARTICLE FOR PROVIDING LOCATIONS OF POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGINGAND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES”且于2012年2月22日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601,949号(代理人案号170178.418P1)；及题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORPROVIDING INFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES AT APOWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINE”且于2012年2月22日申请的美国临时专利申请案第61/601,953号(代理人案号170178.419P1)；指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke、Matthew Whiting Taylor和Huang-Cheng Hung作为发明者且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWERSTORAGE DEVICES，SUCH AS BATTERIES”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第______号(代理人案号170178.401)；指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke及Matthew Whiting Taylor作为发明者且题为“DYNAMICALLY LIMITING VEHICLE OPERATION FOR BEST EFFORT ECONOMY”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第________号(代理人案号170178.407)；指名MatthewWhiting Taylor、Yi-Tsung Wu、Hok-Sum Horace Luke 及Huang-Cheng Hung作为发明者且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD，AND ARTICLE FOR PHYSICAL SECURITY OF POWER STORAGEDEVICES IN VEHICLES”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第_______号(代理人案号170178.408)；指名Ching Chen、Hok-Sum Horace Luke、Matthew Whiting Taylor、Yi-Tseng Wu作为发明者且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING VEHICLEDIAGNOSTIC DATA”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第________号(代理人案号170178.417)；指名Yi-Tsung Wu、Matthew Whiting Taylor、Hok-Sum Horace Luke及Jung-Hsiu Chen作为发明者且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDINGINFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES AT A POWERSTORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINE”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第_______ 号(代理人案号170178.419)；及指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke、Yi-Tsung Wu、Jung-Hsiu Chen、Yulin Wu、Chien Ming Huang、TsungTing Chan、Shen-ChiChen及Feng Kai Yang作为发明者且题为“APPARATUS，METHOD AND ARTICLE FORRESERVING POWER STORAGE DEVICES AT RESERVING POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION，CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES”的于2012年7月26日申请的美国申请案第________号(代理人案号170178.423)。必要时，可修改实施例的态样以使用各种专利、申请案及公开案的系统、电路及概念以提供又其他的实施例。
虽然在对便携式电能存储设备进行收集、充电和分配以用于供个人运输车辆(诸如，全电动小轮机踏车和/或机动脚踏车)使用的环 境及上下文下大体论述，但本文中的教示可应用于广泛的各种各样的其他环境，包括其他车辆以及非车辆环境。
所说明实施例的上述描述(包括在“公开摘要”中描述的内容)并不意欲为详尽的或将所述实施例限于所揭示的精确形式。虽然在本文中为了说明性目的而描述特定实施例及示例，但如相关领域技术人员应认识到，在不脱离本发明的精神及范畴的情况下，可进行各种等效修改。
可依据上述详细描述对实施例进行该及其他修改。一般而言，在以下申请专利范围中，所使用的术语不应被解释为将申请专利范围限于本说明书及申请专利范围中揭示的特定实施例，而应被解释为包括所有可能的实施例，以及该申请专利范围所赋予权利的等效内容的全部范畴。因此，申请专利范围不受揭示内容限制。

Claims (31)

1.一种用于便携式电能存储设备的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，包括：
至少一个控制器；以及
耦接至所述至少一个控制器的至少一个通信模块，其中所述至少一个控制器被配置为：
接收关于认证要与所述便携式电能存储设备连接以用于对所述便携式电能存储设备进行充电的外部设备的信息，或关于认证通过所述便携式电能存储设备对外部设备进行供电的所述外部设备的信息；以及
基于关于认证的信息，作出关于允许自所述外部设备充电的确定，或作出关于允许对所述外部设备供电的确定，
其中所述至少一个控制器还被配置为：
请求关于认证所述外部设备以由所述便携式电能存储设备对所述外部设备供电的信息；以及
基于所接收的对关于认证所述外部设备的信息的所述请求的响应，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述外部设备使用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统被集成为所述便携式电能存储设备的一部分。
3.根据权利要求1所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中所述外部设备为充电设备，且所述至少一个控制器还被配置为：如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则接受自所述充电设备对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。
4.根据权利要求3所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中接受对所述便携式电能存储设备充电包括：发送信号，所述信号使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。
5.根据权利要求4所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，还包括：
开关，耦接至所述便携式电能存储设备的至少一个端子且耦接至所述便携式电能存储设备的电池单元，所述开关被配置为通过由所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统的所述控制器产生的控制信号来激励，其中所述控制器被配置为：
如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则以使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电的方式发送所述信号，从而所述控制信号使所述开关闭合以使电路完整，以允许电流自所述充电设备流动，使所述便携式电能存储设备充电；以及
在所述便携式电能存储设备与所述充电设备断开时，以防止所述便携式电能存储设备接受充电的方式发送所述信号，使得所述控制信号使所述开关断开所述电路并防止电流自所述充电设备流动。
6.根据权利要求1所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中所述至少一个控制器被配置为经由自所述外部设备传送的无线信号接收关于认证的信息，且在与便携式电能存储设备安全系统通信模块相距指定最大范围之外，无法检测到自所述外部设备传送的所述无线信号。
7.根据权利要求1所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，还包括：防损坏外壳，所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统置于所述防损坏外壳内，所述防损坏外壳被配置为：如果所述防损坏外壳以未经授权方式打开，则破坏所述便携式电能存储设备的操作条件。
8.根据权利要求7所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中所述防损坏外壳包括易碎部分，所述易碎部分被配置为：响应于所述防损坏外壳的损坏或试图损坏而呈现开路，以破坏所述操作条件。
9.根据权利要求8所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中所述易碎部分被配置为：通过在被配置为响应于损坏而断裂的所述易碎部分的易碎基板中形成的导电路径来呈现所述开路。
10.根据权利要求1所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中所述外部设备为车辆，且关于认证所述外部设备的信息为关于所述车辆或与所述车辆相关联的用户的信息。
11.根据权利要求10所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中基于所述车辆的车辆性能简档，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述车辆使用。
12.根据权利要求11所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中所述控制器被配置为：与具有比所述车辆低的车辆性能简档的其他车辆相比，使得自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。
13.根据权利要求10所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中基于与所述车辆相关联的用户的简档，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述车辆使用。
14.根据权利要求13所述的便携式电能存储设备安全系统，其中所述控制器还被配置为：与同低于所述用户简档的用于便携式电能存储设备使用的支付量相关联的一个或多个其他用户简档相比，使得自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。
15.一种用于操作便携式电能存储设备安全系统的方法，所述方法包括：
由便携式电能存储设备的所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统接收关于认证要与所述便携式电能存储设备连接以对所述便携式电能存储设备进行充电的外部设备的信息，或关于认证通过所述便携式电能存储设备对外部设备进行供电的所述外部设备的信息；以及
基于关于认证的信息，由所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统作出关于允许自所述外部设备充电的确定，或由所配置的便携式电能存储设备安全系统作出关于允许对所述外部设备供电的确定；
所述方法还包括：
请求关于认证所述外部设备以由所述便携式电能存储设备对所述外部设备供电的信息；以及
基于所接收的对关于认证所述外部设备的信息的所述请求的响应，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述外部设备使用。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统被集成为所述便携式电能存储设备的一部分。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中所述外部设备为充电设备，且所述方法还包括：如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则接受自所述充电设备对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述接受对所述便携式电能存储设备充电包括：发送信号，所述信号使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法，还包括：
如果基于关于认证的信息而认证所述充电设备，则以使得能够对所述便携式电能存储设备充电的方式发送所述信号，从而控制信号使开关闭合以使电路完整，并允许电流自所述充电设备流动，使所述便携式电能存储设备充电；以及
在所述便携式电能存储设备与所述充电设备断开时，以防止所述便携式电能存储设备接受充电的方式发送所述信号，使得所述控制信号使所述开关断开所述电路并防止电流自所述充电设备流动。
20.根据权利要求15所述的方法，还包括：
经由自所述外部设备传送的无线信号接收关于认证的信息，其中在与便携式电能存储设备相距指定最大范围之外，无法检测到自所述外部设备传送的所述无线信号。
21.根据权利要求15所述的方法，还包括：
如果所述便携式电能存储设备安全系统的防损坏外壳以未经授权方式打开，则破坏所述便携式电能存储设备的操作条件。
22.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中所述外部设备为车辆，且关于认证所述外部设备的信息为关于所述车辆或与所述车辆相关联的用户的信息。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法，其中自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述车辆使用基于所述车辆的车辆性能简档而确定。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法，还包括：与具有比所述车辆低的车辆性能简档的其他车辆相比，使得自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。
25.根据权利要求22所述的方法，其中自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述车辆使用基于与所述车辆相关联的用户的简档而确定。
26.根据权利要求25所述的方法，还包括：与同低于所述用户简档的用于便携式电能存储设备使用的支付量相关联的一个或多个其他用户简档相比，使得自所述便携式电能存储设备释放更多能量以供所述车辆使用。
27.一种便携式电能存储设备，包括：
电池单元；以及
安全系统，操作地耦接至所述电池单元，其中所述安全系统包括：
至少一个处理器；
至少一个通信模块，耦接至所述至少一个处理器；以及
至少一个处理器可读存储器，用于存储由所述至少一个处理器执行以使所述至少一个处理器进行以下操作的指令：
基于关于认证便携式电能存储设备充电系统的接收信息，确定所述便携式电能存储设备是否接受自便携式电能存储设备充电系统对便携式电能存储设备充电；以及
基于接收到的对来自所述安全系统的关于认证外部设备的信息的请求的响应或未接收到所述响应，确定自所述便携式电能存储设备释放多少能量以供所述外部设备使用，以及
所述安全系统被配置为
允许或防止所述便携式电能存储设备接受充电；
允许或防止释放来自所述电池单元的能量；以及
如果基于关于认证便携式电能存储设备充电系统的接收信息而认证所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统，则接受自所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统充电。
28.根据权利要求27所述的便携式电能存储设备，其中所述电池单元和安全系统置于所述便携式电能存储设备的防损坏外壳内，所述防损坏外壳包括易碎部分，所述易碎部分被配置为：响应于所述防损坏外壳的损坏或试图损坏而呈现开路，以破坏所述便携式电能存储设备的操作条件。
29.根据权利要求27所述的便携式电能存储设备，其中所述接受自所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统对所述便携式电能存储设备充电包括：所述至少一个处理器发送信号，所述信号使得能够由所述便携式电能存储设备充电系统对所述便携式电能存储设备充电。
30.根据权利要求27所述的便携式电能存储设备，其中所述安全系统还被配置为：如果接收到对关于认证的信息的请求的响应，所述响应指示所述外部设备肯定未经授权以使用所述便携式电能存储设备，则防止自所述电池单元向所述外部设备进一步释放任何能量。
31.根据权利要求27所述的便携式电能存储设备，其中所述安全系统被配置为：允许或防止根据意在使用所述便携式电能存储设备的外部设备的所述安全系统的对应认证等级，以特定等级释放来自所述电池单元的能量。
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