TWI581541B - 用於認證、保全及控制如電池組之電力儲存器件之裝置、方法及物品 - Google Patents

用於認證、保全及控制如電池組之電力儲存器件之裝置、方法及物品 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI581541B
TWI581541B TW101127030A TW101127030A TWI581541B TW I581541 B TWI581541 B TW I581541B TW 101127030 A TW101127030 A TW 101127030A TW 101127030 A TW101127030 A TW 101127030A TW I581541 B TWI581541 B TW I581541B
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Taiwan
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storage device
energy storage
electrical energy
portable electrical
charging
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TW101127030A
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English (en)
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TW201312895A (zh
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學森 荷倫斯 路克
馬修 懷丁 泰勒
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睿能創意公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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Description

用於認證、保全及控制如電池組之電力儲存器件之裝置、方法及物品
本發明大體係關於來自可再充電電力儲存器件(例如，二次電池組(secondary battery)、超級電容器或超電容器)之充電及能量釋放，可再充電電力儲存器件可適合於在各種各樣之領域或應用(例如，運輸及非運輸用途)中使用。
本申請案依據35 U.S.C.119(e)主張以下專利申請案之申請日的權利：題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES」且於2011年7月26日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/511,900號(代理人案號170178.401P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES」且於2012年5月16日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/647,936號(代理人案號170178.401P2)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR REDISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES,BETWEEN COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES」且於2011年9月14日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/534,753號(代理人案號170178.402P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR AUTHENTICATION,SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES SUCH AS BATTERIES」且於2011年9月14日申 請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/534,761號(代理人案號170178.403P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR AUTHENTICATION,SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES,BASED ON USER PROFILES」且於2011年9月14日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/534,772號(代理人案號170178.404P1)；題為「THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPONENTS IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE VEHICLES」且於2011年7月26日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/511,887號(代理人案號170178.406P1)；題為「THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPONENTS IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE VEHICLES」且於2012年5月16日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/647,941號(代理人案號170178.406P2)；題為「DYNAMICALLY LIMITING VEHICLE OPERATION FOR BEST EFFORT ECONOMY」且於2011年7月26日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/511,880號(代理人案號170178.407P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD,AND ARTICLE FOR PHYSICAL SECURITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES IN VEHICLES」且於2011年11月8日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/557,170號(代理人案號170178.408P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR A POWER STORAGE DEVICE COMPARTMENT」且於2011年12月29日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/581,566號(代理人案號170178.412P1)；題為「APPARATUS, METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING VEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC DATA」且於2012年2月21日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/601,404號(代理人案號170178.417P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING LOCATIONS OF POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES」且於2012年2月22日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/601,949號(代理人案號170178.418P1)；及題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING INFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES AT A POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINE」且於2012年2月22日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/601,953號(代理人案號170178.419P1)。
存在用於攜帶型電力儲存器件之廣泛的各種各樣之用途或應用。
一個此應用為在運輸之領域中。混合及全電車輛正變得日益普遍。此等車輛可達成相較於傳統內燃機車輛之許多優勢。舉例而言，混合或電車輛可達成較高燃料經濟，且可具有極少或甚至零尾管污染。詳言之，全電動車輛不僅可具有零尾管污染，而且可與較低總污染相關聯。舉例而言，可自再生源(例如，太陽、水電)產生電力。再者，舉例而言，可在不產生空氣污染之發電廠(例如，核電廠)產 生電力。再者，舉例而言，可在燃燒相對「清潔燃燒」燃料(例如，天然氣)之發電廠產生電力，該等發電廠具有比內燃機高的效率及/或使用對於供個別車輛使用而言過大、成本高或昂貴之污染控制或移除系統(例如，工業空氣洗滌器)。
個人運輸車輛(諸如，燃機動力小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車)在許多地方普遍存在，例如，在亞洲的許多大城市。此等小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車傾向於相對較不昂貴，特別與汽車、小汽車或卡車相比而言。具有大量燃機小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車之城市亦傾向於有非常密集的人口，且受到高度空氣污染。新近以來，許多燃機小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車裝備有相對較低的個人運輸污染源。舉例而言，此等小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車可具有比較大車輛高的哩程額定值。一些小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車可甚至裝備有基本污染控制設備(例如，催化轉換器)。不幸地，當使用小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車且皆不加維修時及/或當因(例如)催化轉換器之故意或無意移除而修改小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車時，迅速超過了工廠指定排放等級。小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車之擁有者或操作者常缺少維修其車輛之財源或動機。
已知空氣污染對人的健康具有負面影響，與造成或加重各種疾病相關聯(例如，各種報告將空氣污染與氣腫、哮喘、肺炎、囊腫性纖維化以及各種心血管疾病相聯繫)。此等疾病奪走了大量生命，且嚴重降低了無數其他人的生 命品質。
對燃機之零尾管污染替代將大大地使空氣品質及因此大眾的健康受益。
雖然欣賞全電動車輛之零尾管排放，但大眾對全電動車輛之採用尚慢。原因之一似乎為成本，特定言之，二次電池組之成本。原因中之另一者似乎為在電池組之單一充電上可用之有限駕駛距離，及當電池組耗盡時對二次電池組完全再充電所必要之相對較長的時間(例如，數小時)。
本文中所描述之方法可解決具有零尾管排放技術之有限採用(特定言之，在人口密集的城市，及在具有有限財源之人群中)的問題中之一些問題。
舉例而言，本文中所描述的方法中之一些使用收集、充電及分配機器(其可另外被稱作公共資訊查詢站或自動售貨機)來收集、充電及分配電力儲存器件(例如，電池組、超級電容器或超電容器)。此等機器可分配於城市或其他地區各處之各種各樣的位置，諸如，便利商店或現有充氣站或充汽油站。
收集、充電及分配機器可維持完全充電或幾乎完全充電之電儲存器件的儲備用於供終端使用者使用。收集、充電及分配機器可收集、收納或以其他方式接受耗盡之電儲存器件(例如，如由終端使用者傳回)，從而對此等電儲存器件再充電以供隨後的終端使用者再使用。
因此，當電池組或其他電力儲存器件達到或接近其所儲 存電荷之最後時，終端使用者可簡單地替換、交換或以其他方式調換電池組或其他電力儲存器件。此可解決與成本以及有限距離及相對較長的再充電時間有關之問題。
如先前所註釋，二次電池組及其他電力儲存器件相對較昂貴。因此，儘可能儲備最少數目個電力儲存器件同時仍確保滿足對於此等電力儲存器件之需求係有益的。
一種用於一攜帶型電能儲存器件之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統可概述為包括：至少一控制器；及耦接至該至少一控制器之至少一通信模組，其中該至少一控制器經組態以：接收關於該攜帶型電能儲存器件連接至之以用於對該攜帶型電能儲存器件進行充電的一外部器件之認證的資訊，或關於藉由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對一外部器件進行供電的該外部器件之認證的資訊；及基於關於認證之該資訊，作出關於允許來自該器件之該充電的一判定，或作出關於允許該器件之該供電的一判定。
該經組態之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統可整合為該攜帶型電能儲存器件之部分。該外部器件可為一充電器件且其中該至少一控制器可經進一步組態以在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件的情況下，接受來自該充電器件之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。該接受該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電可包括發送一信號，該信號使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統可進一步包括一開關，該開關耦接至該攜帶型電能儲存器件之至少一端子且耦接至該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一電池，該 開關經組態以藉由一控制信號來啟動，該控制信號係由該經組態之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之該控制器產生，其中該控制器經組態以：在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件之情況下，以使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電之一方式發送該信號，使得該控制信號造成該開關閉合以完成一電路，以便允許電流自該充電器件流動，從而造成該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電；且在該攜帶型電能儲存器件與該充電器件斷開時，以防止該攜帶型電能儲存器件接受一充電之一方式發送該信號，使得該控制信號造成該開關切斷該電路且防止電流自該充電器件流動。該至少一控制器可經組態以經由自該外部器件傳輸之一無線信號接收關於認證之該資訊，且其中在距該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統通信模組達一指定最大範圍外部，可能無法偵測到自該外部器件傳輸之該無線信號。該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統可進一步包括一防篡改外殼，該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統收藏於該防篡改外殼內，該防篡改外殼經組態以在該防竄改外殼係以一未經授權方式開啟之情況下，破壞該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一操作條件。該防竄改外殼可包括一易碎部分，該易碎部分經組態以回應於該防竄改外殼之竄改或試圖竄改而呈現一開路以破壞該操作條件。該易碎部分可經組態以藉由形成於經組態以回應於竄改而斷裂的該易碎部分之一易碎基板中的導電路徑呈現該開路。該控制器可經進一步組態以：請求關於該外部器件之認證的資訊以用於由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對該外部器 件供電；且在存在自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，在存在對於關於該外部器件之認證之資訊的該請求的一所接收回應的情況下，基於該所接收回應，判定自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該外部器件使用。該外部器件可為一車輛且其中關於該外部器件之認證之該資訊可為關於該車輛或與該車輛相關聯之一使用者的資訊。自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該車輛使用可基於該車輛之一車輛效能設定檔而判定。該控制器可經組態以造成與具有比該車輛低之一車輛效能設定檔的其他車輛相比，自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該車輛使用可基於與該車輛相關聯之一使用者之一設定檔而判定。該控制器可經進一步組態以造成與相關聯於比該使用者設定檔低之用於攜帶型電能儲存器件使用之一支付量的一或多個其他使用者設定檔相比，自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。
一種操作一攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之方法可概述為包括：由一攜帶型電能儲存器件之該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，接收關於該攜帶型電能儲存器件連接至之以用於對該攜帶型電能儲存器件進行充電的一外部器件之認證的資訊，或關於藉由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對一外部器件進行供電的該外部器件之認證的資訊；及基於關於認證之該資訊，由該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統作出關於允許來自該器件之該充電的一判定，或由該經組態之攜帶型 電能儲存器件保全系統作出關於允許該器件之該供電的一判定。
該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統可整合為該攜帶型電能儲存器件之部分。該外部器件可為一充電器件且該方法進一步包含在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件的情況下，接受來自該充電器件之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。該接受該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電可包括發送一信號，該信號使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。該方法可進一步包括：在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件之情況下，以使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電之一方式發送該信號，使得控制信號造成一開關閉合以完成一電路，且允許電流自該充電器件流動，從而造成該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電；及一旦該攜帶型電能儲存器件與該充電器件斷開，便以防止該攜帶型電能儲存器件接受一充電之一方式發送該信號，使得該控制信號造成該開關切斷該電路且防止電流自該充電器件流動。該方法可進一步包括經由自該外部器件傳輸之一無線信號接收關於認證之該資訊，其中在距該攜帶型電能儲存器件達一指定最大範圍外部，無法偵測到自該外部器件傳輸之該無線信號。該方法可進一步包括在該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之一防竄改外殼係以一未經授權方式開啟之情況下，破壞該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一操作條件。該方法可進一步包括：請求關於該外部器件之認證的資訊以用於由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對該外部器件供電；及在存在自該攜帶型電能儲 存器件釋放之能量的情況下，在存在對於關於該外部器件之認證之資訊的該請求的一所接收回應的情況下，基於該所接收回應，判定自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該外部器件使用。該外部器件可為一車輛且其中關於該外部器件之認證之該資訊可為關於該車輛或與該車輛相關聯之一使用者的資訊。自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該車輛使用可基於該車輛之一車輛效能設定檔而判定。該方法可進一步包括：造成與具有比該車輛低之一車輛效能設定檔的其他車輛相比，自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該車輛使用可基於與該車輛相關聯之一使用者之一設定檔而判定。該方法可進一步包括：造成與相關聯於比該使用者設定檔低之用於攜帶型電能儲存器件使用之一支付量的一或多個其他使用者設定檔相比，自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。
一種攜帶型電能儲存器件可概述為包括：一電池組電池；及一保全系統，其操作地耦接至該電池，該保全系統經組態以允許或防止該攜帶型電能儲存器件接受一充電；及允許或防止釋放來自該電池之能量。
該電池組電池及該保全系統可收藏於該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一防竄改外殼內，該防竄改外殼包括一易碎部分，該易碎部分經組態以回應於該防竄改外殼之竄改或試圖竄改而呈現一開路以破壞該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一操作條件。該保全系統可包括：至少一處理器；至少一通信模 組，其耦接至該至少一處理器；及至少一處理器可讀記憶體，其儲存可由該至少一處理器執行以造成該至少一處理器進行以下操作之指令：基於關於一攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之認證之所接收資訊，判定該攜帶型電能儲存器件是否接受來自該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之一攜帶型電能儲存器件充電；及在存在自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，基於對於來自該保全系統的對於關於一外部器件之認證之資訊的一請求的一所接收回應或一所接收回應之缺乏，判定自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該外部器件使用。可由該至少一處理器執行之該等指令可造成該至少一處理器在基於關於該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之認證之該所接收資訊而認證該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統的情況下，接受來自該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。該接受來自該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電可包括該至少一處理器發送一信號，該信號使得能夠由該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。可由該至少一處理器執行之該等指令可造成該至少一處理器進行以下操作：在接收到對於關於認證之資訊的該請求之一回應的情況下，該回應指示該外部器件肯定未經授權以使用該攜帶型電能儲存器件，防止自該電池至該外部器件之能量之任何進一步釋放。該保全系統可經組態以允許或防止根據意欲使用該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一外部器件之該保全系統的對應認證等級以特定等級釋 放來自該電池之能量。
一種用於一攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體，其上具有電腦可執行指令，該等電腦可執行指令可概述為包括：在執行時造成該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之一處理器進行以下操作：接收關於該攜帶型電能儲存器件連接至之以用於對該攜帶型電能儲存器件進行充電的一外部器件之認證的資訊，或關於藉由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對一外部器件進行供電的該外部器件之認證的資訊；及基於關於認證之該資訊，作出關於允許來自該器件之該充電的一判定，或作出關於允許該器件之該供電的一判定。
該外部器件可為一充電器件且該非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體可進一步包括在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件的情況下，接受來自該充電器件之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。該接受該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電可包括發送一信號，該信號使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
在圖式中，相同參考數字識別類似的元件或動作。在圖式中的元件之大小及相對位置未必按比例繪製。舉例而言，各種元件及角度之形狀未按比例繪製，且此等元件中之一些元件經任意放大及定位以改良圖式辨視性。另外，如所繪製的元件之特定形狀並不意欲傳送關於特定元件之實際形狀的任何資訊，且僅為了易於圖式中之辨識而選擇。
在以下描述中，闡明了某些特定細節以便提供對各種所揭示之實施例之透徹理解。然而，熟習相關技術者應認識到，可在無此等特定細節中之一或多者的情況下或藉由其他方法、組件、材料等來實踐實施例。在其他情況下，未詳細展示或描述與售貨裝置、電池組、超級電容器或超電容器、電力轉換器(包括(但不限於)變壓器、整流器、DC/DC電力轉換器、開關模式電力轉換器、控制器及通信系統及結構)及網路相關聯之熟知結構，以避免不必要地使實施例之描述晦澀難懂。
除非上下文另有需要，否則貫穿本說明書及接著的申請專利範圍，詞「包含(comprise)」及其變化形式(諸如，「comprises」及「comprising」)應按開放的包括性意義來解釋，亦即，解釋為「包括但不限於」。
貫穿本說明書的對「一項實施例」或「一實施例」之提及意謂結合該實施例描述的特定特徵、結構或特性包括於至少一實施例中。因此，片語「在一項實施例中」或「在一實施例中」在貫穿本說明書之各處中之出現未必皆指代相同實施例。
諸如第一、第二及第三的序數詞之使用未必暗示次序之排名意義，而是可能僅區分動作或結構之多個例項。
對攜帶型電力儲存器件之提及意謂能夠儲存電力及釋放所儲存電力的任何器件，包括(但不限於)電池組、超級電容器或超電容器。對電池組之提及意謂一或多個化學儲存電池，例如，可再充電或二次電池組電池(secondary battery cell)，包括(但不限於)鎳鎘合金或鋰離子電池組電池。
本文中提供的本發明之標題及發明摘要僅為了便利起見，且並不解譯實施例之範疇或意義。
圖1展示根據一所說明實施例的環境100，其包括一收集、充電及分配機器102。
收集、充電及分配機器102可呈自動售貨機或公共資訊查詢站之形式。收集、充電及分配機器102具有複數個接收器、收容空間或插座104a、104b至104n(在圖1中僅引出三個，統稱為104)，以可抽換式地收納用於收集、充電及分配之攜帶型電能儲存器件(例如，電池組、超級電容器或超電容器)106a至106n(統稱為106)。如圖1中所說明，接收器104中之一些接收器為空的，而其他接收器104固持攜帶型電能儲存器件106。雖然圖1展示每一接收器104一單一攜帶型電能儲存器件106，但在一些實施例中，每一接收器104可固持兩個或甚至兩個以上攜帶型電能儲存器件106。舉例而言，接收器104中之每一者可足夠深以收納三個攜帶型電能儲存器件106。因此，舉例而言，圖1中所說明之收集、充電及分配機器102可具有能夠同時固持40個、80個或120個攜帶型電能儲存器件106之容量。
攜帶型電能儲存器件106可呈各種各樣之形式，例如，電池組(例如，電池組電池陣列)或超級電容器或超電容器(例如，超電容器電池陣列)。舉例而言，攜帶型電能儲存器件106z可呈可再充電電池組(亦即，二次電池(secondary cell)或二次電池組(secondary battery))之形式。攜帶型電能儲存器件106z可(例如)經設定大小以實體配合個人運輸車輛(諸如，全電動小輪機踏車或機動腳踏車108)且對個人運輸車輛供電。如先前所註釋，燃機小輪機踏車及機動腳踏車在許多大城市(例如，在亞洲、歐洲及中東)普遍。貫穿城市或地區便利地接取已充電的電池組之能力可允許使用全電動小輪機踏車及機動腳踏車108代替燃機小輪機踏車及機動腳踏車，藉此減輕空氣污染以及減少噪音。
攜帶型電能儲存器件106(僅攜帶型電能儲存器件106z可見)可包括可自攜帶型電能儲存器件106z之外部接取的若干電端子110a、110b(說明兩個，統稱為110)。電端子110允許自攜帶型電能儲存器件106z傳遞電荷，以及允許將電荷傳遞至攜帶型電能儲存器件106z以用於對攜帶型電能儲存器件106z充電或再充電。雖然在圖1中說明為接線柱，但電端子110可呈可自攜帶型電能儲存器件106z之外部接取的任何其他形式，包括定位於電池組外殼中之槽內的電端子。當可將攜帶型電能儲存器件106借出、租賃及/或租借給公眾時，需要控制如何及在何種情況下可對攜帶型電能儲存器件106充電及/或攜帶型電能儲存器件106可釋放能量，甚至在收集、充電及分配機器102外部或另外為使用者所擁有時亦如此。對攜帶型電能儲存器件106之此控制有助於防止盜竊及/或誤用且亦使得能夠控制各種攜帶型電能儲存器件106之各種效能位準。下文參看圖2至圖7更詳細地描述用於對攜帶型電能儲存器件106充電之系統 及方法，包括用於控制此充電及能量釋放之保全系統，且該等系統及方法可用於本文中所描述的用於對攜帶型電能儲存器件106進行收集、充電及分配的總系統中。
收集、充電及分配機器102定位於某一位置112處，在位置112處，收集、充電及分配機器102可由各種終端使用者便利地且容易地接取。位置可呈大量各種各樣之形式中的任一者，例如，零售環境，諸如，便利商店、超市、加油站(gas或petrol station)或維修店。或者，收集、充電及分配機器102可獨立地處於不與現有零售或其他商務相關聯之位置112處，例如，在公共公園或其他公共場所。因此，舉例而言，收集、充電及分配機器102可位於貫穿城市或地區的便利商店連鎖店中之每一商店處。此情形可有利地依賴於以下事實：便利商店常常係基於對目標人群或人口統計之便利來選址或分配。此情形可有利地依賴於預先存在的對店面或其他零售位置之租賃，以允許迅速地在城市或地區中發展收集、充電及分配機器102之廣泛網路。迅速地達成在地理上經良好分配以伺服目標人群之大網路增強了取決於此系統及此努力之很可能的商業成功的能力。
位置112可包括電服務114以(例如)經由網格116自發電站(未圖示)接收電力。電服務114可(例如)包括電服務計量錶114a、電路面板(例如，斷路器面板或保險絲盒)114b、佈線114c及電插口114d中之一或多者。在位置112為現有零售或便利商店之情況下，電服務114可為現有電服務， 因此可能在額定值上稍微受限(例如，120伏特、240伏特、220伏特、230伏特、15安培)。
零售位置112之經營者或收集、充電及分配機器102之擁有者、分配者或經營者可能皆不希望承擔升級電服務114之成本。然而，需要迅速充電以便維持可用於供終端使用者使用的攜帶型電能儲存器件106之充分供應。迅速充電同時維持現有或另外有限額定電服務的能力在題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES」且於2011年7月26日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/511,900號(代理人案號170178.401P1)中得以解決。
視情況，收集、充電及分配機器102可包括或耦接至再生電源。舉例而言，在安裝於外部位置之情況下，收集、充電及分配機器102可包括一光伏打(PV)電池陣列118以自太陽日照產生電力。或者，收集、充電及分配機器102可電耦接至微型渦輪機(例如，風力渦輪機)或定位於位置112處之其他處(例如，在屋頂部或裝設於柱(未圖示)之頂部上的柱上)之PV陣列。
收集、充電及分配機器102可通信耦接至一或多個位於遠端之電腦系統，諸如，後端或後台系統(僅展示一者)120。後端或後台系統120可自分配於諸如城市之區域各處之複數個收集、充電及分配機器102收集資料及/或控制分配於諸如城市之區域各處之複數個收集、充電及分配 機器102。通信可發生於包括一或多個網路122之一或多個通信頻道或非網路化之通信頻道上。通信可在一或多個有線通信頻道(例如，雙絞線佈線、光纖)、無線通信頻道(例如，無線電、微波、衛星、符合801.11)上。網路化之通信頻道可包括一或多個區域網路(LAN)、廣域網路(WAN)、企業外部網路、企業內部網路或網際網路(包括網際網路之全球資訊網部分)。
收集、充電及分配機器102可包括使用者介面124。使用者介面可包括各種各樣之輸入/輸出(I/O)器件以允許終端使用者與收集、充電及分配機器102互動。參看接著的圖2引出且描述各種I/O器件。
圖2展示根據一所說明實施例的圖1之收集、充電及分配機器102。
收集、充電及分配機器102包括控制子系統202、充電子系統204、通信子系統206及使用者介面子系統208。
控制子系統202包括控制器210，例如，微處理器、微控制器、可程式化邏輯控制器(PLC)、可程式化閘陣列(PGA)、特殊應用積體電路(ASIC)，或能夠自各種感測器接收信號、執行邏輯運算及將信號發送至各種組件之另一控制器。通常，控制器210可呈微處理器(例如，INTEL、AMD、ATOM)之形式。控制子系統202亦可包括一或多個非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體，例如，唯讀記憶體(ROM)212、隨機存取記憶體(RAM)214及資料儲存器216(例如，諸如快閃記憶體或EEPROM之固態儲存媒體、 諸如硬碟機之旋轉儲存媒體)。非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體212、214、216另外可為為控制器210之部分的任何非暫時性儲存媒體(例如，暫存器)。控制子系統202可包括將各種組件耦接在一起之一或多個匯流排218(僅說明一者)，例如，一或多個電力匯流排、指令匯流排、資料匯流排等。
如所說明，ROM 212或非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體212、214、216中之某一其他者儲存指令及/或變數或參數之資料或值。該等資料集可呈各種各樣之形式，例如，查找表、資料庫中之記錄集合等。指令及資料或值之集合可由控制器110來執行。指令及資料或值之集合的執行造成控制器110執行特定動作以造成收集、充電及分配機器102收集、充電及分配攜帶型能量儲存器件。收集、充電及分配機器102之特定操作在本文中且亦在下文在外部器件對攜帶型電能儲存器件106充電之上下文中參看各流程圖(圖5至圖11)加以描述。
控制器210可按習知方式將RAM 214用於指令、資料等之揮發性儲存。控制器210可使用資料儲存器216來記錄或保留資訊，例如，與攜帶型電力儲存器件106之收集、充電及/或分配或收集及/或收集、充電及分配機器102自身之操作有關的遙測資訊。指令可由控制器210執行以回應於終端使用者或操作者輸入且使用變數或參數之資料或值來控制收集、充電及分配機器102之操作。
控制子系統202自各種感測器及/或收集、充電及分配機 器102之其他組件接收信號，該等信號包括特徵化或指示此等其他組件之操作、狀態或狀況的資訊。感測器在圖2中由出現於圓圈中連同有適當下標字母的字母S表示。
舉例而言，一或多個位置感測器SP1至SPN可偵測在接收器104中之每一者處的攜帶型電力儲存器件106之存在或不存在。位置感測器SP1至SPN可呈各種各樣之形式。舉例而言，位置感測器SP1至SPN可呈機械開關之形式，該等機械開關回應於在將攜帶型電力儲存器件106插入至接收器104中時與各別攜帶型電力儲存器件106之一部分接觸而閉合或者斷開。亦舉例而言，位置感測器SP1至SPN可呈光學開關(亦即，光源及接收器)之形式，該等光學開關回應於在將攜帶型電力儲存器件106插入至接收器104中時與各別攜帶型電力儲存器件106之一部分接觸而閉合或者斷開。亦舉例而言，位置感測器SP1至SPN可呈電感測器或開關之形式，該等電感測器或開關回應於偵測到以下情形而閉合或者斷開：由於在將攜帶型電力儲存器件106插入至接收器104中時與各別攜帶型電力儲存器件106之端子110接觸建立的閉合電路狀況，或由於接收器104中缺少各別攜帶型電力儲存器件106而產生的開路狀況。此等實例意欲為非限制性的，且注意，可使用用於偵測攜帶型電力儲存器件106之存在/不存在或甚至攜帶型電力儲存器件106至接收器中之插入的任何其他結構及器件。
舉例而言，一或多個電荷感測器SC1至SCN可偵測接收器104中之每一者處的攜帶型電力儲存器件106之電荷。電荷 感測器SC1至SCN可偵測由攜帶型電力儲存器件106儲存之電荷量。電荷感測器SC1至SCN可另外偵測正供應至接收器104中之每一者處的攜帶型電力儲存器件106中之攜帶型電力儲存器件的電荷量及/或充電速率。此情形可允許評估每一攜帶型電力儲存器件106之當前(亦即，瞬時)充電狀況或狀態，以及允許對攜帶型電力儲存器件106之充電進行回饋控制，包括對充電速率的控制。電荷感測器SC1至SCN可包括任何各種各樣之電流及/或電壓感測器。
舉例而言，一或多個電荷感測器ST1(僅展示一者)可偵測或感測接收器104處或在周圍環境中之溫度。
控制子系統202回應於控制信號而將信號提供至各種致動器及/或其他組件，該等信號包括特徵化或指示組件將執行之操作或組件應進入之狀態或狀況的資訊。控制信號、回應於控制信號之致動器或其他組件在圖2中由出現於圓圈中連同有適當下標字母的字母C表示。
舉例而言，一或多個引擎控制信號CA1至CAN可影響一或多個致動器220(僅說明一者)之操作。舉例而言，控制信號CA1可造成致動器220在第一位置與第二位置之間的移動或改變由致動器220產生之磁場。致動器220可呈各種各樣之形式中的任一者，包括(但不限於)螺線管、諸如步進馬達之電動馬達或電磁體。致動器220可經耦接以操作閂鎖、鎖或其他保持器機構222。閂鎖、鎖或其他保持器機構222可選擇性地保全或保持接收器104(圖1)中之一或多個攜帶型電力儲存器件106(圖1)。舉例而言，閂鎖、鎖或其他保 持器機構222可實體耦接至為攜帶型電力儲存器件106(圖1)之外殼之部分的互補結構。或者，閂鎖、鎖或其他保持器機構222可磁性耦接至為攜帶型電力儲存器件106(圖1)之外殼之部分的互補結構。又舉例而言，閂鎖、鎖或其他機構可開啟接收器104(圖1)，或可允許開啟接收器104，以收納部分或完全放電之攜帶型電力儲存器件106以用於充電。舉例而言，致動器可開啟及/或關閉至接收器104(圖1)之門，以選擇性地提供對收納於其中的攜帶型電力儲存器件106(圖1)之接取。又舉例而言，致動器可開啟及/或關閉閂鎖或鎖，從而允許終端使用者開啟及/或關閉至接收器104(圖1)之門，以選擇性地提供對收納於其中的攜帶型電力儲存器件106(圖1)之接取。
控制子系統202可包括一或多個埠224a以將控制信號提供至充電子系統204之一或多個埠224b。埠224a、224b可提供雙向通信。控制子系統202可包括一或多個埠226a以將控制信號提供至使用者介面子系統208之一或多個埠226b。埠226a、226b可提供雙向通信。
充電子系統204包括各種電組件及電子組件以在攜帶型電力儲存器件106定位或收納於接收器104中時對攜帶型電力儲存器件106充電。舉例而言，充電子系統204可包括一或多個電力匯流排或電力匯流排條、繼電器、接觸器或其他開關(例如，絕緣閘極雙極電晶體或IGBT、金屬氧化物半導體電晶體或MOSFET)、整流器橋接器、電流感測器、接地故障電路等。經由可呈各種各樣之形式(例如，端 子、導線、接線柱等)中的任一者之接點來供應電力。該等接點允許電耦接各種組件。一些可能的實施方案說明於圖2中。此情形並不意欲為詳盡的。可使用額外組件，同時可省略其他組件。
所說明之充電子系統204包括第一電力轉換器230，其經由線路或接電線232自電服務114(圖1)接收電力。電力通常將呈單相、兩相或三相AC電力之形式。因而，第一電力轉換器230可能需要轉換及以其他方式調節經由電服務114(圖1)接收之電力，(例如)以用於將AC波形整流至DC，變換電壓、電流、相位，以及減少瞬態及雜訊。因此，第一電力轉換器230可包括變壓器234、整流器236、DC/DC電力轉換器238及濾波器240。
變壓器234可呈任何各種各樣之市售變壓器之形式，該等市售變壓器具有用於處置經由電服務114(圖1)接收之電力的合適額定值。一些實施例可使用多個變壓器。變壓器234可有利地提供收集、充電及分配機器102之組件與網格116(圖1)之間的電流隔離。整流器236可呈各種各樣之形式(例如，全橋二極體整流器或開關模式整流器)中的任一者。整流器236可經操作以將AC電力變換至DC電力。DC/DC電力轉換器238可為大量各種各樣之形式中的任一者。舉例而言，DC/DC電力轉換器238可呈開關模式DC/DC電力轉換器之形式(例如，在半橋或全橋組態中使用IGBT或MOSFET)，且可包括一或多個電感器。DC/DC電力轉換器238可具有任何數目個拓撲，包括升壓式轉換 器、降壓式轉換器、同步降壓式轉換器、降壓-升壓轉換器或返馳式轉換器。濾波器240可包括一或多個電容器、電阻器、齊納(Zener)二極體或其他元件以抑制電壓尖峰，或以移除或減少瞬態及/或雜訊。
所說明之充電子系統204亦可自再生電源(例如，PV陣列118(圖1))接收電力。此電力可由第一電力轉換器230來轉換或調節，例如，直接供應至DC/DC電力轉換器238而繞過變壓器236及/或整流器236。或者，所說明之充電子系統204可包括專用電力轉換器以轉換或以其他方式調節此電力。
所說明之充電子系統204可視情況而包括第二電力轉換器242，其經由一或多個線路244自一或多個攜帶型電力儲存器件106(圖1)接收電力，以用於對攜帶型電力儲存器件106中之其他攜帶型電力儲存器件充電。因而，第二電力轉換器242可能需要轉換及/或以其他方式調節自攜帶型電力儲存器件106接收之電力，例如，視情況變換電壓或電流，以及減少瞬態及雜訊。因此，第二電力轉換器242可視情況而包括DC/DC電力轉換器246及/或濾波器248。以上論述了各種類型之DC/DC電力轉換器及濾波器。
所說明之充電子系統204包括回應於來自控制子系統202的經由埠224a、224b傳遞之控制信號的複數個開關250。該等開關可操作以選擇性地耦接待自由電服務經由第一電力轉換器230供應之電力及自由第二數目或集合之攜帶型電力儲存器件106供應之電力充電的第一數目或集合之攜 帶型電力儲存器件106。第一數目或集合之攜帶型電力儲存器件106可包括單一攜帶型電力儲存器件106、兩個或甚至兩個以上攜帶型電力儲存器件106。第二數目或集合之攜帶型電力儲存器件106可包括單一攜帶型電力儲存器件106、兩個或甚至兩個以上攜帶型電力儲存器件106。攜帶型電力儲存器件106在圖2中表示為負載L1、L2至LN。
通信子系統206可另外包括一或多個通信模組或組件，其促進與後端或後台系統120(圖1)之各種組件及/或攜帶型電力儲存器件106之各種組件的通信。通信子系統206可(例如)包括一或多個數據機252或一或多個乙太網路或其他類型之通信卡或組件254。控制子系統202之埠256a可將控制子系統202與通信子系統206之埠256b通信耦接。通信子系統206可提供有線及/或無線通信。舉例而言，通信子系統206可提供組件，該等組件實現與收集、充電及分配機器102外部之各種其他器件(包括攜帶型電能儲存器件106)的短程(例如，經由藍芽、近場通信(NFC)、射頻識別(RFID)組件及協定)或較遠程無線通信(例如，經無線LAN、衛星或蜂巢式網路)。通信子系統206可包括一或多個埠、無線接收器、無線傳輸器或無線收發器以提供至各種遠端組件或系統之無線信號路徑。遠端通信子系統206可包括適合於處置網路訊務(包括交換式封包類型通信協定(TCP/IP)、乙太網路或其他網路連接協定)之一或多個橋接器或路由器。
使用者介面系統208包括一或多個使用者輸入/輸出(I/O) 組件。舉例而言，使用者介面系統208可包括觸控螢幕顯示器208a，其可操作以對終端使用者呈現資訊及圖形使用者介面(GUI)及接收使用者選擇之指示。使用者介面系統208可包括鍵盤或小鍵盤208b及/或游標控制器(例如，滑鼠、軌跡球、軌跡墊)(未加以說明)，以允許終端使用者鍵入資訊及/或選擇GUI中之使用者可選擇圖示。使用者介面系統208可包括揚聲器208c以將聲音訊息提供至終端使用者，及/或可包括麥克風208d以接收口頭的使用者輸入(諸如，口頭命令)。
使用者介面系統208可包括卡讀取器208e以自卡型媒體209讀取資訊。卡讀取器208e可呈各種各樣之形式。舉例而言，卡讀取器208e可呈磁條讀取器之形式或包括磁條讀取器，該磁條讀取器用於讀取編碼於由卡209載運之磁條中的資訊。舉例而言，卡讀取器208e可呈機器可讀符號(例如，條碼、矩陣碼)卡讀取器之形式或包括機器可讀符號(例如，條碼、矩陣碼)卡讀取器，該機器可讀符號卡讀取器用於讀取編碼於由卡209載運之機器可讀符號中的資訊。舉例而言，卡讀取器208e可呈智慧卡讀取器之形式或包括智慧卡讀取器，該智慧卡讀取器用於讀取編碼於由卡209載運之非暫時性媒體中的資訊。此可(例如)包括使用射頻識別(RFID)詢答器或電子支付晶片(例如，近場通信(NFC)晶片)之媒體。因此，卡讀取器208e可能能夠自各種各樣之卡媒體209(例如，信用卡、轉帳卡、禮品卡、預付卡，以及諸如駕照之識別媒體)讀取資訊。卡讀取器208e 亦可能能夠讀取編碼於由攜帶型電能儲存器件106載運之非暫時性媒體中之資訊，且亦可包括RFID詢答器、收發器、NFC晶片及/或將資訊傳達至攜帶型電能儲存器件106(例如，用於攜帶型電能儲存器件106之認證及/或對攜帶型電能儲存器件106的收集、充電及分配機器102之認證)之其他通信器件。
使用者介面系統208可包括紙鈔機208f及驗鈔器及/或投幣器208g以接受及驗證現金支付。此等組件可高度適用於服務缺少信用之人群。紙鈔機及驗鈔器208f及/或投幣器208g可呈任何各種各樣之形式，例如，當前市售及在各種自動售貨機及公共資訊查詢站中使用之彼等形式。
圖3為根據一非限制性所說明實施例的圖1之攜帶型電能儲存器件106z的方塊圖。
展示攜帶型電能儲存器件外殼302、電端子110a、110b、電池組電池304、保全系統控制器306及安全接取面板314。電池組電池304為任何可再充電型電化學電池，其將所儲存化學能轉換成電能。如上文所描述，電端子110a、110b可自攜帶型電能儲存器件106z外部接取。電端子110允許自攜帶型電能儲存器件106z傳遞電荷，以及允許將電荷傳遞至攜帶型電能儲存器件106z，以用於經由至電池組電池304之導電端子接頭312a及312b對攜帶型電能儲存器件106z充電或再充電。雖然在圖3中說明為接線柱，但電端子110a及110b可呈可自攜帶型電能儲存器件106z之外部接取的任何其他形式，包括定位於電池組外殼 302中之槽內的電端子。
由保全系統控制器306電子控制之兩個開關310a及310b操作地耦接至終端線312a及312b及保全系統控制器306。在閉合位置中，開關310a及310b操作以完成一電路，從而允許電流自攜帶型電能儲存器件106z流動或將電流傳遞至攜帶型電能儲存器件106z。在斷開位置中，開關310a及310b操作以切斷電路，從而防止電流自攜帶型電能儲存器件106z流動且防止將電流傳遞至攜帶型電能儲存器件106z。在一些實施例中，開關310a及310b可為回應於自保全系統控制器306所接收之信號的任何類型之電子或電化學開關。開關310a及310b可包括各種電及/或電子組件，包括各種類型之致動器、接觸器、繼電器、整流器、電力電晶體、IGBT及/或MOSFET等。
在一些實施例中，攜帶型電儲存器件106z依據預設處於以下之狀態中：其中除非攜帶型電儲存器件106z接收到來自充電器件或其他外部器件之認證(例如，經由無線信號)，否則攜帶型電儲存器件106z無法接受充電。舉例而言，此認證可基於經由組件接收之資訊而進行，該等組件實現與攜帶型電儲存器件106z外部之各種其他器件的短程(例如，經由藍芽、近場通信(NFC)、射頻識別(RFID)組件及協定)或較遠程無線通信(例如，經無線LAN、衛星或蜂巢式網路)。認證可基於的所接收資訊可包括(但不限於)以下各者中之一或多者：碼、密碼、電子憑證、電子保全認證、加密資料、加密密鑰、電子密鑰等。
保全系統控制器306經組態以基於來自攜帶型電儲存器件106z將連接至之以接收電荷或傳遞能量的外部器件之認證，發送信號以斷開或閉合開關310a及310b。攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306亦經組態以，在兩個開關310a及310b處於斷開位置中時，經由調節在耦接至端子110a及110b及攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306之線路314a及314b上及在耦接至攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306及電池組電池304之線路308上流經攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306之電流，調節自攜帶型電儲存器件106z釋放之能量之量(在存在能量之情況下)。自攜帶型電儲存器件106z釋放之能量之調節可回應於來自攜帶型電儲存器件106z外部之器件的各種資訊或其他無線信號。舉例而言，在一些情況下，使用者可在於收集、充電及分配機器102處購買、租借或交換時選擇攜帶型電儲存器件106z之所要電力或效能位準，及支付用於進行此等操作之溢價。再者，釋放之能量之量可取決於如藉由攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306所接收之資訊指示的以下各者中之一或多者：使用者設定檔、使用者之車輛設定檔、使用者之訂用等級、與經識別之使用者有關或與一般使用者有關的所提供的特定促銷、使用者之人口統計資訊(諸如，收入等級、性別、年齡、淨值、婚姻狀況等)。
外殼302係由聚合物或其他耐用材料建構而成，該聚合物或其他耐用材料具有足夠厚度以保護電池組電池304及攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306免受外部元件及竄 改影響。舉例而言，外殼之壁之厚度可為至少約.25英吋，且完全環繞電池組電池304及攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306(除了在一些實施例中，外殼中之小通風孔)，使得在無鑰匙或開啟鎖定接取面板314之其他專業化工具的情況下無法接取電池組電池304及攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306。
保全系統控制器306之一或多個部分可經建構而抗竄改、防竄改或指示竄改。舉例而言，一或多個部分可為易碎的，且經設計以回應於竄改或試圖竄改而呈現一開路。舉例而言，一或多個開關310或電導線、跡線或導電路徑可形成於回應於竄改而斷裂之易碎基板中。易碎基板可呈大量各種各樣之形式中之任一者，該等形式包括玻璃、陶瓷，或甚至更傳統電路板材料(若適當地薄，以致在經受相關聯之力或在竄改之情況下期望施加之力的情況下撕裂、扯破或斷裂)。在一些情況下，以下情形可能為足夠的：電導線、跡線或導電路徑為易碎的，而基板(例如，電路板、外殼202)並非易碎的。舉例而言，可在以下情況下實現此情形：其中基板足夠柔性以致基板將彎曲而不斷裂，而該彎曲造成在電路徑中出現不連續性。或者，可藉由試圖竄改觸發諸如刀片或刮刀之結構，以割斷電路徑，從而導致使攜帶型電能儲存器件106z無法操作之開路狀況。
外殼302可提供保護以防止或阻止竄改，且可由適當堅固且彈性材料(例如，ABS塑膠)形成。此情形不僅可防止 或阻止竄改，而且可留下任何竄改嘗試之可見指示。舉例而言，外殼302可包括第一色彩(例如，黑色)之堅固外層，該第一色彩(例如，黑色)之堅固外層在其之下的第二色彩(例如，螢光橙色)之內層內。此情形將使得切開外殼302之嘗試可見地明顯。
亦應注意，外殼302可用作前述基板，或可(例如)經由合適黏著劑將易碎基板緊固至外殼之內部部分。因此，對外殼之竄改可切斷或損壞電路連接，從而再次使得器件無法操作。
在一些實施例中，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306之一些組件或所有組件可位於攜帶型電儲存器件106z外部，作為致動開關310a及310b(例如，經由無線控制信號)之單獨器件。再者，額外或較少開關可足夠用以防止或允許電流流動至電池組電池304及電流自電池組電池304流動。
圖4為根據一非限制性所說明實施例的圖1及圖3之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器306的示意圖。
攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306包括控制器410、通信子系統406，及電力介面/管理器。
控制器410(例如)為微處理器、微控制器、可程式化邏輯控制器(PLC)、可程式化閘陣列(PGA)、特殊應用積體電路(ASIC)，或能夠自各種感測器接收信號、執行邏輯運算及將信號發送至各種組件之另一控制器。通常，控制器410可呈微處理器(例如，INTEL、AMD、ATOM)之形式。 攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306亦可包括一或多個非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體，例如，唯讀記憶體(ROM)412、隨機存取記憶體(RAM)414及資料儲存器416(例如，諸如快閃記憶體或EEPROM之固態儲存媒體、諸如硬碟機之旋轉儲存媒體)。非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體412、414、416另外可為為控制器410之部分的任何非暫時性儲存媒體(例如，暫存器)。攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306可包括將各種組件耦接在一起之一或多個匯流排418(僅說明一者)，例如，一或多個電力匯流排、指令匯流排、資料匯流排等。
如所說明，ROM 412或非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體412、414、416中之某一其他者儲存指令及/或變數或參數之資料或值。該等資料集可呈各種各樣之形式，例如，查找表、資料庫中之記錄集合等。指令及資料或值之集合可由控制器410來執行。指令及資料或值之集合的執行造成控制器410執行特定動作以造成攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306產生控制信號，以允許或防止攜帶型電儲存器件106z接受充電或釋放能量，或以其他方式調節來自攜帶型電儲存器件106z之能量之釋放。攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306之特定操作在本文中且亦在下文參看各流程圖(圖5至圖11)描述。
控制器410可按習知方式將RAM 414用於指令、資料等之揮發性儲存。控制器410可使用資料儲存器416來記錄或保留資訊，例如，關於使用者設定檔資訊之資訊、車輛設 定檔資訊、保全碼、憑證、保全認證、密碼、使用者之訂用等級、與經識別之使用者有關或與一般使用者有關的所提供的特定促銷、使用者之人口統計資訊(諸如，收入等級、性別、年齡、淨值、婚姻狀況等)、關於使用者車輛位置及車載資通信(telematic)及/或遙測(telemetric)使用者車輛資訊之資訊、關於攜帶型電能儲存器件充電容量之資訊、關於使用者之路線資訊之資訊等。該等指令可由控制器410來執行，以回應於來自遠端系統之輸入(諸如，外部器件之彼等輸入，外部器件包括(但不限於)以下各者：充電器件、車輛、使用者識別器件(卡、電子密鑰等)車輛、收集、充電及分配機器、收集、充電及分配機器服務系統、使用者行動器件、使用者車輛)及終端使用者或操作者輸入，且使用變數或參數之資料或值，來控制攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306之操作。
控制子系統402亦可經由收集、充電及分配機器102之通信子系統206自各種感測器及/或外部器件之組件接收信號。此資訊可包括特徵化或指示此等組件之確實性、經授權等級、操作、狀態或狀況之資訊。
通信子系統406可包括一或多個通信模組或組件，其促進與外部器件之各種組件之通信且亦促進與圖1之收集、充電及分配機器102之各種組件(例如，諸如，以接收使用者設定檔、車輛設定檔及/或促銷活動資訊之軟體更新或資料更新)及一或多個使用者行動通信器件的通信，使得可在器件之間交換資料以用於認證目的。通信子系統406 可提供有線及/或無線通信。通信子系統406可包括一或多個埠、無線接收器、無線傳輸器或無線收發器以提供至各種遠端組件或系統之無線信號路徑。通信子系統406可(例如)包括組件，該等組件實現短程(例如，經由藍芽、近場通信(NFC)、射頻識別(RFID)組件及協定)或較遠程無線通信(例如，經無線LAN、衛星或蜂巢式網路)，且可包括一或多個數據機452或一或多個乙太網路或用於進行此等操作之其他類型之通信卡或組件454。遠端通信子系統406可包括適合於處置網路訊務(包括交換式封包類型通信協定(TCP/IP)、乙太網路或其他網路連接協定)之一或多個橋接器或路由器。
在一些實施例中，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306之一些組件或所有組件可位於攜帶型電儲存器件106z外部，作為致動攜帶型電儲存器件106z之開關310a及310b(例如，經由經通信子系統406發送之無線控制信號)之單獨器件。
電力介面/管理器420可由控制器410來控制且經組態以將電力自電池組電池304或外部器件提供至攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306。再者，電力介面/管理器420經組態以根據自控制器410接收之控制信號調節來自攜帶型電儲存器件106z之電力之釋放，且包括可操作以用於進行此等操作之各種組件(諸如，電變壓器、轉換器、整流器等)。
圖5展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4 之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器306之高階方法500。
在502處，攜帶型電儲存器件106z接收關於攜帶型電儲存器件106z連接至之以用於對攜帶型電儲存器件106z進行充電的一外部器件之認證的資訊，或關於藉由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對一外部器件進行供電的該外部器件之認證的資訊。
在504處，攜帶型電儲存器件106z基於關於認證之資訊，作出關於允許來自器件之充電的一判定，或作出關於允許器件之供電的一判定。
圖6展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器306之低階方法600，該低階方法包括可用於圖5之方法中的接受攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
在602處，在基於關於認證之資訊而認證充電器件的情況下，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306接受來自充電器件之攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
圖7展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器306之低階方法700，該低階方法包括可用於圖5之方法中的發送控制信號以實現及防止攜帶型電能儲存器件之充電。
在702處，在基於關於認證之資訊而認證充電器件之情況下，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306以使得能夠對攜帶型電能儲存器件充電之方式發送信號，使得控制信 號造成開關閉合以完成一電路，且允許電流自充電器件流動，從而造成攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
在704處，一旦攜帶型電能儲存器件與充電器件斷開，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306便以防止該攜帶型電能儲存器件接受一充電之方式發送信號，使得控制信號造成開關切斷電路且防止電流自充電器件流動。
圖8展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器306之低階方法800，該低階方法包括可用於圖5之方法中的在存在自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，判定自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供外部器件使用。
在802處，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306請求關於外部器件之認證的資訊以用於由攜帶型電能儲存器件對外部器件供電。
在803處，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306在存在自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，在存在對於關於外部器件之認證之資訊的請求的一所接收回應的情況下，基於該所接收回應，判定自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供外部器件使用。
圖9展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器306之低階方法900，該低階方法包括可用於圖8之方法中的基於車輛之車輛效能設定檔而判定釋放多少能量。
在902處，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306基於車 輛之車輛效能設定檔而判定自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量。
圖10展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器306之低階方法1000，該低階方法包括可用於圖9之方法中的造成針對某一車輛效能設定檔釋放更多能量。
在1002處，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306造成與具有比車輛低之一車輛效能設定檔的其他車輛相比，自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。
圖11展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法1100，該低階方法包括可用於圖8之方法中的基於使用者設定檔而判定釋放多少能量。
在1102處，攜帶型電儲存器件保全系統控制器306造成與相關聯於比使用者設定檔低之用於攜帶型電能儲存器件使用之一支付量的一或多個其他使用者設定檔相比，自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。
舉例而言，若使用者支付較高溢價或訂用價格，則使用者可使攜帶型電儲存器件106z能夠具有較高效能特性(諸如，較高電力輸出)。
本文中描述之各種方法可包括額外動作，省略一些動作，及/或可按與在各種流程圖中所闡述之次序不同之次序執行動作。
前述詳細描述已經由方塊圖、示意圖及實例之使用闡明 了器件及/或處理程序之各種實施例。在此等方塊圖、示意圖及實例含有一或多個功能及/或操作之範圍內，熟習此項技術者應理解，在此等方塊圖、流程圖或實例內之每一功能及/或操作可由廣泛範圍的硬體、軟體、韌體或實際上其任何組合來個別及/或共同地實施。在一實施例中，可經由一或多個微控制器實施本標的物。然而，熟習此項技術者應認識到，本文中揭示之實施例整體地或部分地可等效地實施於標準積體電路(例如，特殊應用積體電路或ASIC)中，實施為由一或多個電腦執行之一或多個電腦程式(例如，實施為在一或多個電腦系統上執行之一或多個程式)，實施為由一或多個控制器(例如，微控制器)執行之一或多個程式，實施為由一或多個處理器(例如，微處理器)執行之一或多個程式，實施為韌體，或實施為實際上其任何組合，且設計電路及/或撰寫用於軟體及/或韌體之程式碼將良好地處於依據本發明之教示的一般熟習此項技術者之技術內。
當將邏輯實施為軟體且儲存於記憶體中時，可將邏輯或資訊儲存於任何非暫時性電腦可讀媒體上以供任何與處理器有關之系統或方法使用或結合任何與處理器有關之系統或方法使用。在本發明之上下文中，記憶體為非暫時性電腦或處理器可讀儲存媒體，其為非暫時性地含有或儲存電腦及/或處理器程式之電子、磁性、光學或其他實體器件或構件。邏輯及/或資訊可體現於任何電腦可讀媒體中以供指令執行系統、裝置或器件使用或結合指令執行系統、 裝置或器件使用，指令執行系統、裝置或器件諸如基於電腦之系統、含有處理器之系統，或可自該指令執行系統、裝置或器件提取指令且執行與邏輯及/或資訊相關聯之指令之其他系統。
在本說明書之上下文中，「電腦可讀媒體」可為可儲存供指令執行系統、裝置及/或器件使用或結合指令執行系統、裝置及/或器件而使用的與邏輯及/或資訊相關聯之程式的任何實體元件。舉例而言，電腦可讀媒體可為(但不限於)電子、磁性、光學、電磁、紅外線或半導體系統、裝置或器件。電腦可讀媒體之更特定實體(非詳盡清單)將包括以下各者：攜帶型電腦碟片(磁性、緊密快閃卡、安全數位卡或其類似者)、隨機存取記憶體(RAM)、唯讀記憶體(ROM)、可抹除可程式化唯讀記憶體(EPROM、EEPROM或快閃記憶體)、攜帶型緊密光碟唯讀記憶體(CDROM)及數位磁帶。
可組合上文所描述之各種實施例以提供其他實施例。在並不與本文中之特定教示及定義不一致之範圍內，包括(但不限於)以下各者的在本說明書中參考的及/或在申請資料單中列出之所有美國專利、美國專利申請公開案、美國專利申請案、外國專利、外國專利申請案及非專利公開案以全文引用的方式併入本文中：題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES」且於2011年7月26日申請之美國臨時專利 申請案第61/511,900號(代理人案號170178.401P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES」且於2012年5月16日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/647,936號(代理人案號170178.401P2)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR REDISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES,BETWEEN COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES」且於2011年9月14日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/534,753號(代理人案號170178.402P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR AUTHENTICATION,SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES SUCH AS BATTERIES」且於2011年9月14日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/534,761號(代理人案號170178.403P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR AUTHENTICATION,SECURITY AND CONTROL OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES,BASED ON USER PROFILES」且於2011年9月14日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/534,772號(代理人案號170178.404P1)；題為「THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPONENTS IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE VEHICLES」且於2011年7月26日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/511,887號(代理人案號170178.406P1)；題為「THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPONENTS IN ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE VEHICLES」且於2012年5月16日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/647,941號(代理人案號170178.406P2)；題為「DYNAMICALLY LIMITING VEHICLE OPERATION FOR BEST EFFORT ECONOMY」且於2011年7月26日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/511,880號(代理人案號170178.407P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD,AND ARTICLE FOR PHYSICAL SECURITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES IN VEHICLES」且於2011年11月8日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/557,170號(代理人案號170178.408P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR A POWER STORAGE DEVICE COMPARMENT」且於2011年12月29日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/581,566號(代理人案號170178.412P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING VEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC DATA」且於2012年2月21日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/601,404號(代理人案號170178.417P1)；題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING LOCATIONS OF POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES」且於2012年2月22日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/601,949號(代理人案號170178.418P1)；及題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING INFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES AT A POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION, CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINE」且於2012年2月22日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/601,953號(代理人案號170178.419P1)；指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke、Matthew Whiting Taylor及Huang-Cheng Hung作為發明者且題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTING POWER STORAGE DEVICES,SUCH AS BATTERIES」的於2012年7月26日申請之美國申請案第＿＿＿號(代理人案號170178.401)；指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke及Matthew Whiting Taylor作為發明者且題為「DYNAMICALLY LIMITING VEHICLE OPERATION FOR BEST EFFORT ECONOMY」的於2012年7月26日申請之美國申請案第＿＿＿號(代理人案號170178.407)；指名Matthew Whiting Taylor、Yi-Tsung Wu、Hok-Sum Horace Luke及Huang-Cheng Hung作為發明者且題為「APPARATUS,METHOD,AND ARTICLE FOR PHYSICAL SECURITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES IN VEHICLES」的於2012年7月26日申請之美國申請案第＿＿＿號(代理人案號170178.408)；指名Ching Chen、Hok-Sum Horace Luke、Matthew Whiting Taylor、Yi-Tseng Wu作為發明者且題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING VEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC DATA」的於2012年7月26日申請之美國申請案第＿＿＿號(代理人案號170178.417)；指名Yi-Tsung Wu、Matthew Whiting Taylor、Hok-Sum Horace Luke及Jung-Hsiu Chen 作為發明者且題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR PROVIDING INFORMATION REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF POWER STORAGE DEVICES AT A POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINE」的於2012年7月26日申請之美國申請案第＿＿＿號(代理人案號170178.419)；及指名Hok-Sum Horace Luke、Yi-Tsung Wu、Jung-Hsiu Chen、Yulin Wu、Chien Ming Huang、TsungTing Chan、Shen-Chi Chen及Feng Kai Yang作為發明者且題為「APPARATUS,METHOD AND ARTICLE FOR RESERVING POWER STORAGE DEVICES AT RESERVING POWER STORAGE DEVICE COLLECTION,CHARGING AND DISTRIBUTION MACHINES」的於2012年7月26日申請之美國申請案第＿＿＿號(代理人案號170178.423)。必要時，可修改實施例之態樣以使用各種專利、申請案及公開案之系統、電路及概念以提供又其他的實施例。
雖然在對攜帶型電能儲存器件進行收集、充電及分配以用於供個人運輸車輛(諸如，全電動小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車)使用之環境及上下文下大體論述，但本文中之教示可應用於廣泛的各種各樣之其他環境，包括其他車輛以及非車輛環境。
所說明實施例之上述描述(包括在「發明摘要」中描述之內容)並不意欲為詳盡的或將該等實施例限於所揭示之精確形式。雖然在本文中為了說明性目的而描述特定實施 例及實例，但如熟習相關技術者應認識到，在不脫離本發明之精神及範疇之情況下，可進行各種等效修改。
可依據上述詳細描述對實施例進行此等及其他修改。一般而言，在以下申請專利範圍中，所使用之術語不應被解釋為將申請專利範圍限於本說明書及申請專利範圍中揭示之特定實施例，而應被解釋為包括所有可能的實施例，以及此等申請專利範圍所賦予權利的等效內容之全部範疇。因此，申請專利範圍不受揭示內容限制。
100‧‧‧環境
102‧‧‧收集、充電及分配機器
104a‧‧‧接收器、收容空間或插座
104b‧‧‧接收器、收容空間或插座
104n‧‧‧接收器、收容空間或插座
106‧‧‧攜帶型電能儲存器件
106a‧‧‧攜帶型電能儲存器件
106n‧‧‧攜帶型電能儲存器件
106z‧‧‧攜帶型電能儲存器件
108‧‧‧全電動小輪機踏車或機動腳踏車
110a‧‧‧電端子
110b‧‧‧電端子
112‧‧‧位置
114‧‧‧電服務
114a‧‧‧電服務計量錶
114b‧‧‧電路面板
114c‧‧‧佈線
114d‧‧‧電插口
116‧‧‧網格
118‧‧‧光伏打(PV)電池陣列
120‧‧‧後端或後台系統
122‧‧‧網路
124‧‧‧使用者介面
202‧‧‧控制子系統
204‧‧‧充電子系統
206‧‧‧通信子系統
208‧‧‧使用者介面子系統
208a‧‧‧觸控螢幕顯示器
208b‧‧‧鍵盤或小鍵盤
208c‧‧‧揚聲器
208d‧‧‧麥克風
208e‧‧‧卡讀取器
208f‧‧‧紙鈔機及驗鈔器
208g‧‧‧投幣器
209‧‧‧卡型媒體
210‧‧‧控制器
212‧‧‧唯讀記憶體(ROM)/非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體
214‧‧‧隨機存取記憶體(RAM)/非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體
216‧‧‧資料儲存器/非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體
218‧‧‧匯流排
220‧‧‧致動器
222‧‧‧閂鎖、鎖或其他保持器機構
224a‧‧‧埠
224b‧‧‧埠
226a‧‧‧埠
226b‧‧‧埠
230‧‧‧第一電力轉換器
232‧‧‧線路或接電線
234‧‧‧變壓器
236‧‧‧整流器
238‧‧‧直流/直流(DC/DC)電力轉換器
240‧‧‧濾波器
242‧‧‧第二電力轉換器
244‧‧‧線路
246‧‧‧直流/直流(DC/DC)電力轉換器
248‧‧‧濾波器
250‧‧‧開關
252‧‧‧數據機
254‧‧‧乙太網路或其他類型之通信卡或組件
256a‧‧‧埠
256b‧‧‧埠
302‧‧‧攜帶型電能儲存器件外殼
304‧‧‧電池組電池
306‧‧‧保全系統控制器
308‧‧‧線路
310a‧‧‧開關
310b‧‧‧開關
312a‧‧‧導電端子接頭/終端線
312b‧‧‧導電端子接頭/終端線
314‧‧‧安全接取面板
314a‧‧‧線路
314b‧‧‧線路
402‧‧‧控制子系統
406‧‧‧通信子系統
410‧‧‧控制器
412‧‧‧唯讀記憶體(ROM)/非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體
414‧‧‧隨機存取記憶體(RAM)/非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體
416‧‧‧資料儲存器/非暫時性處理器或電腦可讀儲存媒體
418‧‧‧匯流排
420‧‧‧電力介面/管理器
452‧‧‧數據機
454‧‧‧其他類型之通信卡或組件
500‧‧‧操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之高階方法
600‧‧‧操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法
700‧‧‧操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法
800‧‧‧操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法
900‧‧‧操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系 統控制器之低階方法
1000‧‧‧操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法
1100‧‧‧操作圖3之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法
L1‧‧‧負載
L2‧‧‧負載
LN‧‧‧負載
SC1‧‧‧電荷感測器
SCN‧‧‧電荷感測器
SP1‧‧‧位置感測器
SPN‧‧‧位置感測器
ST1‧‧‧電荷感測器
圖1為根據一非限制性所說明實施例之收集、充電及分配機器以及若干電力儲存器件、以及電動小輪機踏車及/或機動腳踏車及經由電網格提供之電服務的示意圖。
圖2為根據一非限制性所說明實施例的圖1之收集、充電及分配機器的方塊圖。
圖3為根據一非限制性所說明實施例的圖1之攜帶型電能儲存器件的方塊圖。
圖4為根據一非限制性所說明實施例的圖3之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器的示意圖。
圖5為展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之高階方法的流程圖。
圖6為展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法的流程圖，該低階方法包括可用於圖5之方法中的接受攜帶型 電能儲存器件充電。
圖7為展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法的流程圖，該低階方法包括可用於圖5之方法中的發送控制信號以實現及防止攜帶型電能儲存器件之充電。
圖8為展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法的流程圖，該低階方法包括可用於圖5之方法中的在存在自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，判定自攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供外部器件使用。
圖9為展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法的流程圖，該低階方法包括可用於圖8之方法中的基於車輛之車輛效能設定檔而判定釋放多少能量。
圖10為展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法的流程圖，該低階方法包括可用於圖9之方法中的造成針對某一車輛效能設定檔釋放更多能量。
圖11為展示根據一非限制性所說明實施例的操作圖3及圖4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統控制器之低階方法的流程圖，該低階方法包括可用於圖8之方法中的基於使用者設定檔而判定釋放多少能量。
100‧‧‧環境
102‧‧‧收集、充電及分配機器
104a‧‧‧接收器、收容空間或插座
104b‧‧‧接收器、收容空間或插座
104n‧‧‧接收器、收容空間或插座
106a‧‧‧攜帶型電能儲存器件
106n‧‧‧攜帶型電能儲存器件
106z‧‧‧攜帶型電能儲存器件
108‧‧‧全電動小輪機踏車或機動腳踏車
110a‧‧‧電端子
110b‧‧‧電端子
112‧‧‧位置
114‧‧‧電服務
114a‧‧‧電服務計量錶
114b‧‧‧電路面板
114c‧‧‧佈線
114d‧‧‧電插口
116‧‧‧網格
118‧‧‧光伏打(PV)電池陣列
120‧‧‧後端或後台系統
122‧‧‧網路
124‧‧‧使用者介面

Claims (36)

  1. 一種用於一攜帶型電能儲存器件之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其包含：至少一控制器；及耦接至該至少一控制器之至少一通信模組，其中該至少一控制器經組態以：接收關於該攜帶型電能儲存器件連接至之以用於對該攜帶型電能儲存器件進行充電的一外部器件之認證的資訊，或關於藉由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對一外部器件進行供電的該外部器件之認證的資訊；基於關於認證之該資訊，作出關於允許來自該外部器件之該充電的一判定，或作出關於允許該外部器件之該供電的一判定；請求關於該外部器件之認證的資訊以用於由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對該外部器件供電；及在存在自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，在存在對於關於該外部器件之認證之資訊的該請求的一所接收回應的情況下，基於該所接收回應，判定自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該外部器件使用。
  2. 如請求項1之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該經組態之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統整合為該攜帶型電能儲存器件之部分。
  3. 如請求項1之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該外 部器件為一充電器件且其中該至少一控制器經進一步組態以在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件的情況下，接受來自該充電器件之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
  4. 如請求項3之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該接受該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電包括：發送一信號，該信號使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
  5. 如請求項4之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其進一步包含：一開關，其耦接至該攜帶型電能儲存器件之至少一端子且耦接至該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一電池，該開關經組態以藉由一控制信號來啟動，該控制信號係由該經組態之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之該控制器產生，其中該控制器經組態以：在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件之情況下，以使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電之一方式發送該信號，使得該控制信號造成該開關閉合以完成一電路，以便允許電流自該充電器件流動，從而造成該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電；且在該攜帶型電能儲存器件與該充電器件斷開時，以防止該攜帶型電能儲存器件接受一充電之一方式發送該信號，使得該控制信號造成該開關切斷該電路且防止電流自該充電器件流動。
  6. 如請求項1之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該至 少一控制器經組態以經由自該外部器件傳輸之一無線信號接收關於認證之該資訊，且其中在距該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統通信模組達一指定最大範圍外部，無法偵測到自該外部器件傳輸之該無線信號。
  7. 如請求項1之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其進一步包含一防篡改外殼，該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統收藏於該防篡改外殼內，該防篡改外殼經組態以在該防竄改外殼係以一未經授權方式開啟之情況下，破壞該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一操作條件。
  8. 如請求項7之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該防竄改外殼包括一易碎部分，該易碎部分經組態以回應於該防竄改外殼之竄改或試圖竄改而呈現一開路以破壞該操作條件。
  9. 如請求項8之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該易碎部分經組態以藉由形成於經組態以回應於竄改而斷裂的該易碎部分之一易碎基板中的導電路徑呈現該開路。
  10. 如請求項1之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該外部器件為一車輛且其中關於該外部器件之認證之該資訊為關於該車輛或與該車輛相關聯之一使用者設定檔的資訊。
  11. 如請求項10之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該車輛使用係基於該車輛之一車輛效能設定檔而判定。
  12. 如請求項10之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該控 制器經組態以造成與具有比該車輛低之一車輛效能設定檔的其他車輛相比，自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。
  13. 如請求項10之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該車輛使用係基於與該車輛相關聯之一使用者設定檔而判定。
  14. 如請求項13之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，其中該控制器經進一步組態以造成與相關聯於比該使用者設定檔低之用於攜帶型電能儲存器件使用之一支付量的一或多個其他使用者設定檔相比，自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。
  15. 一種操作一攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之方法，該方法包含：由一攜帶型電能儲存器件之該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統，接收關於該攜帶型電能儲存器件連接至之以用於對該攜帶型電能儲存器件進行充電的一外部器件之認證的資訊，或關於藉由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對一外部器件進行供電的該外部器件之認證的資訊；基於關於認證之該資訊，由該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統作出關於允許來自該外部器件之該充電的一判定，或由該經組態之攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統作出關於允許該外部器件之該供電的一判定；請求關於該外部器件之認證的資訊以用於由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對該外部器件供電；及 在存在自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，在存在對於關於該外部器件之認證之資訊的該請求的一所接收回應的情況下，基於該所接收回應，判定自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該外部器件使用。
  16. 如請求項15之方法，其中該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統整合為該攜帶型電能儲存器件之部分。
  17. 如請求項15之方法，其中該外部器件為一充電器件且該方法進一步包含在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件的情況下，接受來自該充電器件之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
  18. 如請求項17之方法，其中該接受該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電包括：發送一信號，該信號使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
  19. 如請求項18之方法，其進一步包含：在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件之情況下，以使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電之一方式發送該信號，使得控制信號造成一開關閉合以完成一電路，且允許電流自該充電器件流動，從而造成該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電；及一旦該攜帶型電能儲存器件與該充電器件斷開，便以防止該攜帶型電能儲存器件接受一充電之一方式發送該信號，使得該控制信號造成該開關切斷該電路且防止電流自該充電器件流動。
  20. 如請求項15之方法，其進一步包含：經由自該外部器件傳輸之一無線信號接收關於認證之該資訊，其中在距該攜帶型電能儲存器件達一指定最大範圍外部，無法偵測到自該外部器件傳輸之該無線信號。
  21. 如請求項15之方法，其進一步包含：在該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之一防竄改外殼係以一未經授權方式開啟之情況下，破壞該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一操作條件。
  22. 如請求項15之方法，其中該外部器件為一車輛且其中關於該外部器件之認證之該資訊為關於該車輛或與該車輛相關聯之一使用者設定檔的資訊。
  23. 如請求項22之方法，其中自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該車輛使用係基於該車輛之一車輛效能設定檔而判定。
  24. 如請求項23之方法，其進一步包含：造成與具有比該車輛低之一車輛效能設定檔的其他車輛相比，自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。
  25. 如請求項22之方法，其中自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該車輛使用係基於與該車輛相關聯之一使用者設定檔而判定。
  26. 如請求項25之方法，其進一步包含：造成與相關聯於比該使用者設定檔低之用於攜帶型電能儲存器件使用之一 支付量的一或多個其他使用者設定檔相比，自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放更多能量以供該車輛使用。
  27. 一種攜帶型電能儲存器件，其包含：一電池組電池；及一保全系統，其操作地耦接至該電池，該保全系統經組態以：允許或防止該攜帶型電能儲存器件接受一充電；允許或防止釋放來自該電池之能量；請求關於該外部器件之認證的資訊以用於由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對該外部器件供電；及在存在自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，在存在對於關於該外部器件之認證之資訊的該請求的一所接收回應的情況下，基於該所接收回應，判定自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該外部器件使用。
  28. 如請求項27之攜帶型電能儲存器件，其中該電池組電池及該保全系統收藏於該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一防竄改外殼內，該防竄改外殼包括一易碎部分，該易碎部分經組態以回應於該防竄改外殼之竄改或試圖竄改而呈現一開路以破壞該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一操作條件。
  29. 如請求項27之攜帶型電能儲存器件，其中該保全系統包含：至少一處理器；至少一通信模組，其耦接至該至少一處理器；及 至少一處理器可讀記憶體，其儲存可由該至少一處理器執行以造成該至少一處理器進行以下操作之指令：基於關於一攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之認證之所接收資訊，判定該攜帶型電能儲存器件是否接受來自該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之一攜帶型電能儲存器件充電；及在存在自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，基於對於來自該保全系統的對於關於一外部器件之鑑認之資訊的一請求的一所接收回應或一所接收回應之缺乏，判定自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該外部器件使用。
  30. 如請求項29之攜帶型電能儲存器件，其中可由該至少一處理器執行之該等指令造成該至少一處理器在基於關於該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之認證之該所接收資訊而認證該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統的情況下，接受來自該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
  31. 如請求項27之攜帶型電能儲存器件，其中該接受來自該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電包括該至少一處理器發送一信號，該信號使得能夠由該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電系統對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
  32. 如請求項27之攜帶型電能儲存器件，其中可由該至少一處理器執行之該等指令造成該至少一處理器進行以下操 作：在接收到對於關於認證之資訊的該請求之一回應的情況下，該回應指示該外部器件肯定未經授權以使用該攜帶型電能儲存器件，防止自該電池至該外部器件之能量之任何進一步釋放。
  33. 如請求項27之攜帶型電能儲存器件，其中該保全系統經組態以允許或防止根據意欲使用該攜帶型電能儲存器件之一外部器件之該保全系統的對應認證等級以特定等級釋放來自該電池之能量。
  34. 一種用於一攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體，其上具有電腦可執行指令，該等電腦可執行指令在執行時造成該攜帶型電能儲存器件保全系統之一處理器進行以下操作：接收關於該攜帶型電能儲存器件連接至之以用於對該攜帶型電能儲存器件進行充電的一外部器件之認證的資訊，或關於藉由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對一外部器件進行供電的該外部器件之認證的資訊；基於關於認證之該資訊，作出關於允許來自該外部器件之該充電的一判定，或作出關於允許該外部器件之該供電的一判定；請求關於該外部器件之認證的資訊以用於由該攜帶型電能儲存器件對該外部器件供電；及在存在自該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放之能量的情況下，在存在對於關於該外部器件之認證之資訊的該請求的一所接收回應的情況下，基於該所接收回應，判定自 該攜帶型電能儲存器件釋放多少能量以供該外部器件使用。
  35. 如請求項34之電腦可讀儲存媒體，其中該外部器件為一充電器件且該電腦可讀儲存媒體進一步包含在基於關於認證之該資訊而認證該充電器件的情況下，接受來自該充電器件之該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
  36. 如請求項34之電腦可讀儲存媒體，其中該接受該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電包括：發送一信號，該信號使得能夠對該攜帶型電能儲存器件充電。
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