CN102216390B - 电子束固化的有机硅剥离材料 - Google Patents

电子束固化的有机硅剥离材料 Download PDF

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CN102216390B
CN102216390B CN200980143553.XA CN200980143553A CN102216390B CN 102216390 B CN102216390 B CN 102216390B CN 200980143553 A CN200980143553 A CN 200980143553A CN 102216390 B CN102216390 B CN 102216390B
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帕努·K·措勒尔
杰施里·塞思
蒂莫西·D·菲利特劳尔特
刘军钪
克莱顿·A·乔治
裘再明
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Abstract

本发明描述了电子束固化无官能聚硅氧烷和硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷的方法。本发明还描述了所得的剥离材料。

Description

电子束固化的有机硅剥离材料
本申请要求美国临时申请No.61/109,211(提交于2008年10月29日)以及美国临时申请No.61/109,213(提交于2008年10月29日)的权益;二者以全文引用的方式并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及有机硅剥离材料,以及采用该剥离材料的剥离衬垫。具体地讲,本发明涉及电子束固化的聚硅氧烷,该聚硅氧烷包含低分子量的聚硅氧烷流体。
发明内容
简而言之,在一个方面,本发明提供一种制备有机硅防粘层的方法。该方法包括在基底上施加包含聚硅氧烷材料的组合物,以及电子束固化该组合物以使聚硅氧烷材料交联。
在一些实施例中,聚硅氧烷材料基本上由一种或多种在25℃下动态粘度动态粘度不超过50,000厘沲,例如5,000至50,000厘沲的聚硅氧烷流体构成。在一些实施例中,聚硅氧烷材料包含聚二甲基硅氧烷。在一些实施例中,组合物中全部的聚硅氧烷材料均为无官能聚硅氧烷。在一些实施例中,各无官能聚硅氧烷为在25℃下动态粘度动态粘度不超过50,000厘沲,例如5,000至50,000厘沲的聚硅氧烷流体。
在一些实施例中,聚硅氧烷材料包含硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷流体,该聚硅氧烷流体在25℃下动态粘度动态粘度不超过50,000厘沲,例如5,000至50,000厘沲。在一些实施例中,组合物中各聚硅氧烷材料独立地选自无官能聚硅氧烷、硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷、以及烷氧基封端的聚硅氧烷。
在一些实施例中,组合物基本不含催化剂和引发剂。在一些实施例中,组合物包含不超过5重量%的溶剂。
另一方面,本发明提供一种根据本发明的各种方法中任意一种方法制备的剥离涂覆基底。在一些实施例中,电子束固化的组合物包含在25℃下动态粘度动态粘度不超过50,000厘沲,例如5,000至50,000厘沲的聚硅氧烷流体,该聚硅氧烷流体已被交联。在一些实施例中,组合物基本上由一种或多种无官能聚硅氧烷流体构成,该无官能聚硅氧烷流体在25℃下动态粘度动态粘度不超过50,000厘沲,例如5,000至50,000厘沲,其中无官能聚硅氧烷流体已被交联。在一些实施例中,组合物包含一种在25℃下动态粘度动态粘度不超过50,000厘沲,例如5,000至50,000厘沲的硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷流体,并且该硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷流体已被交联。在一些实施例中,组合物基本上不含催化剂和引发剂。
本发明的上述发明内容并不旨在描述本发明的每一个实施例。本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节还在以下描述中给出。本发明的其他特征、目标和优点从说明和权利要求中将显而易见。
附图说明
图1示出根据本发明的一些实施例的示例性剥离衬垫。
具体实施方式
压敏粘合剂(PSA)是一类重要的材料。通常,压敏粘合剂可通过轻压(例如,指压)粘附于基底,并且一般不需要任何后固化(例如,加热或辐射)即可达到其最大粘合强度。压敏粘合剂种类繁多,例如,丙烯酸树脂、橡胶以及有机硅基系统。
包括压敏粘合剂在内的粘合剂通常被用作游离膜或支撑膜,例如,单面和双面涂覆带。剥离衬垫通常被用来在处理(例如,加工,运输,储存和转化)和使用(例如,用于基底)过程中保护粘合剂层。剥离衬垫通常包含涂覆有一种剥离材料的基底。在使用中,将该剥离衬垫从粘合剂层上移除,暴露该粘合剂层使其能够粘附于所需的目标基底上。在这种应用中,剥离衬垫可能被重复使用,但是经常被丢弃。在一些应用中,粘合剂制品可能会自缠绕。在这种情况下,在基底一侧涂覆剥离材料,将粘合剂粘附于该基底的相反侧。当该制品缠绕在其自身上时(即,自缠绕),暴露的粘合剂表面接触基底的剥离材料涂覆侧。在使用中,可将这种卷绕退绕,并且将粘合剂施加于所需的目标基底上。
交联的有机硅已经被用作剥离材料。使用特定类型催化剂通过热过程可以固化常规的有机硅剥离材料。例如,铂催化剂已经被用于加成固化系统,过氧化物(例如,过氧化苯甲酰)已经被用于氢转移固化系统,以及锡催化剂已经被用于水分/冷凝固化系统。
通常,这些方法需要附着于硅氧烷主链的反应性官能基团。例如,铂催化的加成固化系统通常依赖于硅键合的乙烯基官能基团和硅键合的氢之间的硅氢化反应。一般来说,希望获得一种不使用催化剂即可固化的有机硅剥离系统。另外,提供不需要特定官能基团即可实现适当固化的剥离涂层是有用的。
紫外光固化和电子束固化的有机硅剥离材料已经获得使用。这些系统需要使用催化剂和特定的官能基团。具体地讲,丙烯酸酯官能和环氧树脂官能有机硅在催化剂存在时可辐射固化。
本发明人发现了生产防粘层的新方法,以及包含该防粘层的剥离制品。通常,该方法包括能够形成交联聚硅氧烷网络的电子束固化有机硅材料。通常,该方法可使用无官能有机硅材料。也可以使用官能有机硅材料,然而,由于特定官能基团通常不涉及交联,这些官能基团的性质和存在不是关键性的。
与先前的有机硅材料固化方法形成对比的是,本发明的方法不需要使用催化剂或者引发剂。因此本专利的方法可以被用于固化那些“基本上不含”这种催化剂或引发剂的组合物。如同本文所使用一样,如果一种组合物中催化剂或引发剂没有达到一个“有效量”,那么该组合物就是“基本上不含催化剂和引发剂”。为了便于理解,催化剂或引发剂的“有效量”取决于多种因素,包括催化剂或引发剂的类型,该可固化材料的组成,以及固化方法(例如,热固化,紫外光固化等等)。在一些实施例中,与不含催化剂或引发剂并且在相同固化条件下对相同组合物进行固化所需的时间相比,如果所述催化剂或引发剂的量没有使组合物的固化时间至少减少10%,那么该催化剂或引发剂即没有达到“有效量”。
通常,可用于本发明的有机硅材料是聚硅氧烷,即包含聚硅氧烷主链的材料。在一些实施例中,无官能化有机硅材料可以为一种如下式所表述的直链材料,该式说明了一种具有脂肪族和/或芳香族取代基的硅氧烷主链:
其中R1、R2、R3和R4独立地选自于烷基和芳基,每个R5为烷基,n和m是整数,并且m或n中至少一个不为0。在一些实施例中,一个或多个所述烷基或芳基可包含卤素取代基,例如,氟。例如,在一些实施例中,一个或多个所述烷基可以是-CH2CH2C4F9
在一些实施例中,R5是甲基,即,所述无官能化聚硅氧烷材料由三甲基硅氧基封端。在一些实施例中,R1和R2是烷基,n是0,即,所述材料为聚(二烷基硅氧烷)。在一些实施例中,所述烷基是甲基,即聚(二甲基硅氧烷)(“PDMS”)。在一些实施例中,R1是烷基,R2是芳基,n是0,即,所述材料为聚(烷基芳基硅氧烷)。在一些实施例中,R1是甲基,R2是苯基,即,所述材料为聚(甲基苯基硅氧烷)。在一些实施例中,R1和R2是烷基,R3和R4是芳基,即,所述材料为聚(二烷基二芳基硅氧烷)。在一些实施例中,R1和R2是甲基,R3和R4是苯基,即,所述材料为聚(二甲基二苯基硅氧烷)。
在一些实施例中,所述无官能化聚硅氧烷材料可以是支链的。例如,R1、R2、R3和/或R4基团中的一个或多个可以是具有烷基或芳基(包括卤代烷基或卤代芳基)取代基以及R5端基的直链或支链的硅氧烷。
本文使用的“无官能基团”是由碳、氢以及在一些实施例中的卤(例如,氟)原子所构成。本文使用的“无官能化聚硅氧烷材料”指材料中的R1、R2、R3、R4和R5基团是非官能基团。
通常,官能有机硅系统包括特定的反应性基团,该特定的反应性基团附着于原料(例如,羟基和烷氧基)的聚硅氧烷主链上。本文使用的“官能化聚硅氧烷材料”指式2中的R基团中至少一个是官能基团。
在一些实施例中,官能聚硅氧烷材料指材料中的R基团中至少两个是官能基团。通常,可独立地选择式2中的R基团。在一些实施例中,全部官能基团是羟基和/或烷氧基。在一些实施例中,所述官能聚硅氧烷是硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷,例如,硅烷醇封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷。在一些实施例中,所述官能有机硅是烷氧基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷,例如,三甲基甲硅烷氧基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷。
除官能R基团外,所述R基团还可以是无官能基团,例如,烷基或芳基,包括卤代(例如氟代)烷基和芳基。在一些实施例中,所述官能化聚硅氧烷材料可以是支链的。例如,R基团中的一个或多个可以是直链或支链的具有官能和/或无官能取代基的硅氧烷。
通常,所述有机硅材料可以是油,流体,胶体,弹性体或者树脂,例如,易碎的固体树脂。通常,具有低分子量和低粘度的材料称为流体或油,具有较高分子量和较高粘度的材料称为胶体;然而,这些术语间没有明显区分。弹性体和树脂较胶体具有更高的分子量,并且通常不流动。本文使用的术语“流体”和“油”指在25℃时动态粘度不超过1,000,000兆帕·秒(例如,低于600,000兆帕·秒)的材料,而在25℃时动态粘度大于1,000,000兆帕·秒(例如,至少10,000,000兆帕·秒)的材料称为“胶体”。
为了得到剥离材料通常需要的低厚度,通常需要用溶剂对高分子量材料进行稀释,以便于对其进行涂覆或者将其施加于基底。在一些实施例中,可以优选使用低分子量的有机硅油或有机硅流体,包括在25℃时动态粘度不超过200,000兆帕·秒,不超过100,000兆帕·秒,或者甚至不超过50,000兆帕·秒的有机硅油或有机硅流体。
在一些实施例中,可能有用的是,使用兼容常用无溶剂涂覆操作的材料,包括,例如在25℃时动态粘度动态粘度不超过50,000厘沲(cSt),例如,不超过40,000厘沲,或者甚至不超过20,000厘沲的材料。在一些实施例中,可能有利的是,使用有机硅材料的组合,其中所述有机硅材料中的至少一种在25℃时的动态粘度动态粘度至少5,000厘沲(cSt),例如,至少10,000厘沲,或者甚至至少15,000厘沲。在一些实施例中,可能有利的是,使用在25℃时动态粘度动态粘度为1000至50,000厘沲,例如,5,000至50,000厘沲,或者甚至10,000至50,000厘沲的有机硅材料。
实例
对一种市售粘合剂的不同电子束固化剥离涂层的剥离和再粘合性能进行评估。所述粘合剂(ADH)为一种交联丙烯酸共聚物。该粘合剂为3M公司的商品名称为467MP的51微米(2密耳)厚度转移带材。
无官能有机硅材料。以下实例由电子束固化无官能有机硅材料制备。通过将DC-200有机硅流体(30,000厘沲,购于Dow ChemicalCompany)溶于庚烷制成30重量%固体溶液,来制备涂层材料。用平板硬叶片在70千帕(10psi)压力下将该涂层材料施加在涂覆有聚乙烯的牛皮纸基底上(来自于Jencoat的58#PCK)。室温下干燥样品。最终的样品的干涂层重量为0.6至0.8克/平方米(0.14至0.20格令(grain)每4×6英寸样品)。
按照以下工序对无官能有机硅材料进行电子束固化。利用280千电子伏(keV)加速电压在不同剂量水平下对样品进行固化。
电子束固化工序。在Model CB-300型电子束产生装置(购于Energy Sciences,Inc.(Wilmington,MA))上进行电子束固化。通常,使支撑膜(例如,聚酯对苯二酸酯支撑膜)穿过该装置的惰性室。将未固化材料的样品附着于该支撑膜上,按照约6.1米/分钟(20英尺/分钟)的固定速度传送该样品通过惰性室以使其暴露于电子束辐射。对小于18毫拉德(Mrad)的电子束剂量,单次通过该电子束室即可。为了获得更高的剂量,例如,18和20毫拉德,需要进行两次通过。
使用“干法层压”以及“湿法浇铸”工序将粘合剂施加于固化的剥离表面上。对于干法层压样品,将50微米(2.0密耳)涂有底漆的PET膜(Mitsubishi的3SAB产品)粘附于所述转移粘合剂并将其剥掉以做成该测试样品。随后通过两次2千克橡胶辊子使带材的粘合剂侧干法层压至每个样品的已固化有机硅涂层上。对于湿法浇铸样品,将粘合剂直接浇铸在样品的已固化有机硅涂层上,并通过紫外光辐射使粘合剂固化。随后将50微米(2.0密耳)涂有底漆的PET膜(Mitsubishi的3SAB产品)层压至该固化的粘合剂上以形成测试样品。
剥离测试工序。以180度角度和230厘米/分钟(90英寸/分钟)的速度将PET背衬的带材样品从衬垫上剥离。使用来自于马萨诸塞州的Accord(Accord,Mass)的IMASS,Inc.的IMass model SP2000型剥离测试仪记录剥离力。
再粘合测试工序。为了确定再粘合值,使用剥离测试方法将PET背衬的带材样品从衬垫上剥离,随后将该带材应用于清洁的不锈钢面板的表面。用2千克橡胶辊子以61厘米/分钟(24英寸/分钟)的速度将该带材样品对着面板进行两次(向前和向后)轧制。再粘合值是按180°角并以30.5厘米/分钟(12英寸/分钟)的速度将带材拉离钢表面所需的力的测量值。使用IMass model SP2000型剥离测试仪记录剥离力。
干法层压样品的电子束剂量,衬垫剥离力和再粘合力总结于表1A中。类似地,湿法浇铸样品的电子束剂量,衬垫剥离力和再粘合力总结于表1B中。测量在90℃和90%相对湿度(90/90)下粘合剂粘附于剥离涂层的初始时刻以及粘附5天以后的剥离力和再粘合力。
表1A:干法层压样品的剥离力和再粘合力结果。
表1B:湿法浇铸样品的剥离力和再粘合力结果。
官能有机硅材料。以下样品通过用电子束固化一种硅烷醇封端的官能有机硅流体进行制备。用平板硬叶片按1.3至2.3克/平方米的涂层重量将硅烷醇封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(来自于Gelest的DMS-S42,18,000厘沲)涂覆在一块115微米(4.5密耳)厚度的聚乙烯衬垫上,该聚乙烯衬垫已经被0.71焦耳/平方厘米的氮电晕处理过。然后以250千电子伏的加速电压在惰性气氛(氧气量低于50ppm)中用电子束固化所述被涂覆的样品。
使用丙烯酸泡沫带材(PT1100,可得自3M公司)评估在室温下粘附3天(3d-RT),以及在70摄氏度下粘附3天(3d-HT)对不锈钢的剥离力和再粘合力。粘合剂为丙烯酸/橡胶混合物。使用干法层压工艺对剥离力和再粘合力进行测试。首先,将市售PT1100型丙烯酸泡沫带材上的衬垫移除,并记录该剥离力。作为比较,还测量了对不锈钢这种“已提供的”材料的再粘合力。
接下来,将另外的PT1100型丙烯酸泡沫带材上的衬垫移除,将暴露的粘合剂干法层压至测试样品的电子束固化有机硅表面。测量不同条件下样品的剥离力和再粘合力。结果总结在表2中。
表2:电子束固化的硅烷醇官能有机硅剥离力和再粘合力结果。
(*)标准产品衬垫,非电子束固化有机硅
以下样品通过电子束固化烷氧基封端的官能有机硅流体进行制备。用平板硬叶片按0.70克/平方米的涂层重量将三甲基甲硅烷氧基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(来自于Gelest的DMS-T21,100厘沲)涂覆在115微米(4.5密耳)厚度的聚乙烯衬垫上,该聚乙烯衬垫已经被0.71焦耳/平方厘米的氮电晕处理过。然后以250千电子伏的加速电压在惰性气氛(氧气量低于50ppm)中用电子束固化所述被涂覆的样品。
使用一种丙烯酸泡沫带材(EX4011,可得自3M公司)评估在室温下粘附7天(7d-RT)对不锈钢的剥离力和再粘合力。粘合剂为橡胶/丙烯酸共混物。使用干法层压工艺对剥离力和再粘合力进行测试。首先,将市售EX4011型丙烯酸泡沫带材上的衬垫移除,并记录该剥离力。作为比较,还测量了对不锈钢这种“已提供的”材料的再粘合力。
接下来,将另外的样品EX4011型丙烯酸泡沫带材上的衬垫移除,将暴露的粘合剂干法层压至测试样品的电子束固化有机硅表面。测量不同条件下样品的剥离力和再粘合力。结果归纳于表3。
表3:电子束固化的官能有机硅剥离力和再粘合力结果。
(*)标准产品衬垫,非电子束固化有机硅。
尽管该三甲基甲硅烷氧基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷具有一定程度的固化,但是低再粘合力值表明其为未固化系统。
将该EX4011型丙烯酸泡沫带材粘合剂干法层压至硅烷醇封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(Gelest的DMS-S42,18,000厘沲)样品上,该样品用平板硬叶片按1.8克/平方米的涂层重量涂覆在115微米(4.5密耳)厚度的聚乙烯衬垫上,该聚乙烯衬垫已经被0.71焦耳/平方厘米的氮电晕处理过。然后以250千电子伏加速电压和16毫拉德剂量在惰性气氛(氧气量低于50ppm)中用电子束固化被涂覆的样品。7d-RT剥离力为221克/2.54厘米。7d-RT再粘合力为4560克/2.54厘米。
其他官能基团。
以下比较性实例通过试图用电子束固化氢化物官能有机硅流体而制备。用平板硬叶片将氢化物封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(来自于Gelest的DMS-H25,500厘沲)涂覆于115微米(4.5密耳)厚度的聚乙烯衬垫上,该聚乙烯衬垫已经被0.71焦耳/平方厘米的氮电晕处理过。在惰性气氛中(氧气量低于50ppm)暴露该涂覆的样品于250千电子伏加速电压和16毫拉德剂量的电子束辐射下。该样品未固化。
以下比较性实例通过试图用电子束固化一种乙烯基官能有机硅流体而制备。用平板硬叶片将乙烯基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(来自于Gelest的DMS-V42,20,000厘沲)涂覆于115微米(4.5密耳)厚度的聚乙烯衬垫上,该聚乙烯衬垫已经被0.71焦耳/平方厘米的氮电晕处理过。在惰性气氛中(氧气量低于50ppm)暴露该涂覆的样品于250千电子伏加速电压和16毫拉德剂量的电子束辐射下。所述样品固化但是并没有被固定到下面的聚乙烯衬垫上。可以从衬垫抹掉该固化的硅氧烷。
以下比较性实例通过试图用电子束固化羧甲基官能有机硅流体而制备。用平板硬叶片将羧甲基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(来自于Gelest的DMS-B31,800-1200厘沲)涂覆于115微米(4.5密耳)厚度的聚乙烯衬垫上,该聚乙烯衬垫已经被0.71焦耳/平方厘米的氮电晕处理过。在惰性气氛中(氧气量低于50ppm)暴露该涂覆的样品于250千电子伏加速电压和16毫拉德剂量的电子束辐射下。该样品未固化。
低动态粘度动态粘度样品。以下比较性实例通过试图用电子束固化低粘度、低分子量的硅烷醇官能有机硅流体而制备。用平板硬叶片将硅烷醇封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(来自于Gelest的DMS-S12,20厘沲)涂覆于115微米(4.5密耳)厚度的聚乙烯衬垫上,该聚乙烯衬垫已经被0.71焦耳/平方厘米的氮电晕处理过。在惰性气氛中(氧气量低于50ppm)暴露该涂覆的样品于250千电子伏加速电压和16毫拉德剂量的电子束辐射下。该样品未固化。
图1图示了一种根据本发明的某些实施例的剥离衬垫。剥离衬垫100包含基底120,在基底120的一个主表面上附有电子束固化的有机硅剥离涂层130。在一些实施例中,在基底第二主表面上可以附有第二电子束固化的防粘层,该防粘层位于第一电子束固化的有机硅剥离涂层对面。
在不脱离本发明范围和精神的前提下,对本发明进行的各种修改和更改对本领域内的技术人员来说将是显而易见的。

Claims (12)

1.一种制备有机硅防粘层的方法,该方法包括:在基底上施加包含一种或多种聚硅氧烷材料的组合物,以及电子束固化所述组合物以使所述聚硅氧烷材料交联,其中所述聚硅氧烷材料选自由无官能聚硅氧烷、硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷以及烷氧基封端的聚硅氧烷,其中所述聚硅氧烷材料基本上由一种或多种聚硅氧烷流体构成,所述聚硅氧烷流体在25℃下的运动粘度不超过50,000厘沲,
其中所述方法不需要使用催化剂和特定的官能基团。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述聚硅氧烷材料包含聚二甲基硅氧烷。
3.根据前述权利要求中任何一项所述的方法,其中所述组合物中所有聚硅氧烷材料均为无官能聚硅氧烷。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中各无官能聚硅氧烷为在25℃下运动粘度不超过50,000厘沲的聚硅氧烷流体。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任何一项所述的方法,其中所述聚硅氧烷材料包含在25℃下运动粘度不超过50,000厘沲的硅烷醇封端的和/或烷氧基封端的聚硅氧烷流体。
6.根据权利要求1至3中任何一项所述的方法,其中所述组合物中各聚硅氧烷材料独立地选自由无官能聚硅氧烷、硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷以及烷氧基封端的聚硅氧烷。
7.根据前述权利要求中任何一项所述的方法,其中所述组合物基本上不含催化剂和引发剂。
8.根据前述权利要求中任何一项所述的方法,其中所述组合物包含不超过5重量%的溶剂。
9.一种根据权利要求1至8中任何一项所述方法制备的防粘涂覆基底。
10.一种包含电子束固化组合物的防粘涂层,其中所述电子束固化组合物基本上由一种或多种在25℃下运动粘度不超过50,000厘沲的无官能聚硅氧烷流体构成,其中所述无官能聚硅氧烷流体已被交联,
其中所述防粘涂层不包含催化剂和特定的官能基团。
11.一种包含电子束固化组合物的防粘涂层,其中所述电子束固化组合物包含在25℃下运动粘度不超过50,000厘沲的硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷流体和/或烷氧基封端的聚硅氧烷,所述硅烷醇封端的聚硅氧烷流体和/或烷氧基封端的聚硅氧烷已被交联。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的防粘涂层,其中所述电子束固化组合物基本上不含催化剂和引发剂。
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JP2015028178A (ja) 2015-02-12
WO2010056544A1 (en) 2010-05-20
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