WO2018212169A1 - 多環芳香族化合物 - Google Patents
多環芳香族化合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018212169A1 WO2018212169A1 PCT/JP2018/018731 JP2018018731W WO2018212169A1 WO 2018212169 A1 WO2018212169 A1 WO 2018212169A1 JP 2018018731 W JP2018018731 W JP 2018018731W WO 2018212169 A1 WO2018212169 A1 WO 2018212169A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- aryl
- carbon atoms
- alkyl
- substituted
- Prior art date
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- -1 Polycyclic aromatic compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 352
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 404
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 356
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 286
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 275
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 218
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 155
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 155
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 94
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 125000004986 diarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 48
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical class [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000005240 diheteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical group [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052805 deuterium Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000005368 heteroarylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical class N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- HKMTVMBEALTRRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzo[a]fluorene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=C3CC4=CC=CC=C4C3=CC=C21 HKMTVMBEALTRRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-BJUDXGSMSA-N borane Chemical group [10BH3] UORVGPXVDQYIDP-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- NSMJMUQZRGZMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthalen-1-yl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C12=CC=CN=C2C2=NC=CC=C2C2=C1NC(C=1C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=1)=N2 NSMJMUQZRGZMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002219 fluoranthenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 57
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 326
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 147
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 91
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 81
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 81
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 69
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 61
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 60
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 47
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 40
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 39
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 38
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 38
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 36
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 29
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 28
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 26
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 25
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 23
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 23
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 18
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 16
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- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 16
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 15
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 125000001828 phenalenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23)* 0.000 description 13
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- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000005577 anthracene group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
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- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical group C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
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- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
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- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 8
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 7
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- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
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- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
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- DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile Chemical compound C12=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=C1N=C(C#N)C(C#N)=N2 DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- FXKMXDQBHDTQII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-phenyl-3,6-bis(9-phenylcarbazol-3-yl)carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=C(C=3C=C4C5=CC(=CC=C5N(C=5C=CC=CC=5)C4=CC=3)C=3C=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N(C=5C=CC=CC=5)C4=CC=3)C=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 FXKMXDQBHDTQII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 5
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/027—Organoboranes and organoborohydrides
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- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
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- H10K50/12—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
- H10K85/322—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising boron
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- H10K85/624—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing six or more rings
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polycyclic aromatic compound, an organic electroluminescent element using the same, an organic field effect transistor, an organic device such as an organic thin film solar cell, a display device, and a lighting device.
- the organic EL element has a structure composed of a pair of electrodes composed of an anode and a cathode, and one layer or a plurality of layers including an organic compound disposed between the pair of electrodes.
- the layer containing an organic compound include a light-emitting layer and a charge transport / injection layer that transports or injects charges such as holes and electrons.
- Various organic materials suitable for these layers have been developed.
- a benzofluorene compound has been developed (International Publication No. 2004/061047).
- a hole transport material for example, a triphenylamine compound has been developed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-172232).
- an anthracene compound has been developed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-170911).
- the charge transport property of a NO-linked compound (Compound 1 on page 63) is evaluated, but a method for producing a material other than the NO-linked compound is not described, and the element to be linked is not described. Since the electronic state of the entire compound is different if it is different, the characteristics obtained from materials other than NO-linked compounds are not yet known. Other examples of such compounds can be found (WO 2011/107186).
- a compound having a conjugated structure with a large triplet exciton energy (T1) can emit phosphorescence having a shorter wavelength, and thus is useful as a blue light-emitting layer material.
- a compound having a novel conjugated structure having a large T1 is also required as an electron transport material or a hole transport material sandwiching the light emitting layer.
- the host material of the organic EL element is generally a molecule in which a plurality of existing aromatic rings such as benzene and carbazole are connected by a single bond, phosphorus atom or silicon atom. This is because a large HOMO-LUMO gap (band gap Eg in a thin film) required for the host material is secured by connecting a large number of relatively conjugated aromatic rings. Furthermore, high triplet excitation energy (E T ) is required for a host material of an organic EL device using a phosphorescent material or a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material, but the molecule is a donor or acceptor aromatic compound.
- E T triplet excitation energy
- Triplet excitation energy (E T ) is improved by linking rings and substituents to localize SOMO1 and SOMO2 in the triplet excited state (T1) and reducing exchange interaction between both orbitals. It becomes possible to make it.
- a small conjugated aromatic ring does not have sufficient redox stability, and a device using a molecule formed by connecting existing aromatic rings as a host material does not have a sufficient lifetime.
- polycyclic aromatic compounds having an extended ⁇ -conjugated system generally have excellent redox stability, but have a low HOMO-LUMO gap (band gap Eg in a thin film) and triplet excitation energy (E T ). It has been considered unsuitable for host materials.
- a wet film forming method is used in addition to the vacuum vapor deposition method.
- inks for forming a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and a light emitting layer have been actively developed.
- the ink for the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer the characteristics of each layer formed by the wet film forming method using these inks have reached a practical level.
- the ink for forming the light emitting layer the development of the ink for the red light emitting layer and the green light emitting layer is progressing to improve the characteristics, but the ink for the blue light emitting layer is generally an anthracene or the like. Although development of a composition using a polycyclic aromatic compound having an aromatic ring or the like, a styryl derivative or the like has been performed, it has not reached a practical characteristic. In particular, the blue light emitting layer ink with high color purity has not been developed.
- the present inventors use a compound having a specific structure among polycyclic aromatic compounds in which a plurality of aromatic rings are connected by a boron atom and a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom. As a result, it was found that an excellent organic EL device was obtained, and the present invention was completed. That is, the present invention provides the following polycyclic aromatic compounds and organic device materials containing the following polycyclic aromatic compounds.
- Item 1 The polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- a ring, B ring, C ring and D ring are each independently an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring, and at least one hydrogen in these rings may be substituted;
- Y is B (boron),
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are each independently>O,>N—R,> S or> Se, and R in> N—R is optionally substituted aryl , Optionally substituted heteroaryl or optionally substituted alkyl, and R in the> N—R is the A ring, B ring, C ring and / or D ring by a linking group or a single bond.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms or diarylamino (wherein aryl has 6 to 12 carbon atoms) Aryl) and Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently an optionally substituted aryl, an optionally substituted heteroaryl, an optionally substituted diarylamino, an optionally substituted diheteroarylamino, a substituted Optionally substituted arylheteroarylamino, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heteroaryloxy, substituted Arylthio or optionally substituted heteroarylthio, Z 1 may be bonded to the A ring by a linking group or a single bond, and Z 2 may be bonded to the C ring by a linking group or a single bond. And At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (1) may be bonded
- a ring, B ring, C ring and D ring are each independently an aryl ring or heteroaryl ring, and at least one hydrogen in these rings is aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, Arylheteroarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio or alkyl-substituted silyl, wherein at least one hydrogen is aryl, heteroaryl or alkyl
- the A ring and the B ring have a 5-membered or 6-membered ring sharing a bond with the fused bicyclic structure on the left side of the above formula composed of Y, X 1 and X 2 , C ring and D ring are composed of Y, X 3 and X 4 Having a 5- or 6-membered ring that shares a bond with the bicyclic structure; Y is B (boron),
- R in the —C (—R) 2 — may be hydrogen or alkyl, and At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (1) may be substituted with cyano, halogen or deuterium;
- Item 9 The polycyclic aromatic compound according to Item 1.
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino , Arylheteroarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio or alkyl-substituted silyl, wherein at least one hydrogen is substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or alkyl Or an adjacent group of R 5 to R 7 and R 10 to R 12 may be bonded to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the b ring and / or the d ring, At least one hydrogen in the ring formed is aryl, heteroary , Diarylamino, dihetero
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently hydrogen, aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, 2 to 30 heteroaryl, diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms), alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryloxy having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or arylthio having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, One hydrogen may be substituted with aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and adjacent groups of R 5 to R 7 and R 10 to R 12 are bonded to each other.
- the alkyl of R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons or aryl having 6 to 12 carbons; Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms), 1 to 12 carbon atoms Alkyl, cycl
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently hydrogen, aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or 1 to 6 alkyls
- Y is B (boron)
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are each independently> O or> N—R
- R in> N—R is aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- the alkyl of R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons or aryl having 6 to 12 carbons
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms), 1 to 6 carbon atoms Alkyl, cycloalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aryloxy having 6
- Item 6 The polycyclic aromatic compound according to Item 1, represented by any one of the following formulas. (At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by each of the above formulas may be substituted with alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, aryl having 6 to 10 carbons, cyano, halogen or deuterium.
- R 100 each independently represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 100 each independently represents an aryl, carbazolyl, diarylamino having 6 to 10 carbon atoms (wherein aryl is a carbon number) 6-10 aryl), alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3 to 10 carbons, or aryloxy having 6 to 10 carbons, wherein the aryl is substituted with alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons
- the carbazolyl may be substituted with aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Item 7. An organic device material comprising the polycyclic aromatic compound according to any one of Items 1 to 6.
- Item 8 The organic device material according to Item 7, wherein the organic device material is an organic electroluminescent element material, an organic field effect transistor material, or an organic thin film solar cell material.
- Item 9 The organic device material according to Item 8, wherein the organic electroluminescent element material is a light emitting layer material.
- Item 10 A composition for forming a light emitting layer for coating and forming a light emitting layer of an organic electroluminescent device, As the first component, at least one polycyclic aromatic compound described in any one of Items 1 to 6, As a second component, at least one host material; As a third component, at least one organic solvent; A composition for forming a light emitting layer.
- An organic electroluminescence device comprising: a pair of electrodes composed of an anode and a cathode; and a light-emitting layer disposed between the pair of electrodes and containing the light-emitting layer material described in Item 9.
- An organic electroluminescence device comprising: a pair of electrodes composed of an anode and a cathode; and a light emitting layer disposed between the pair of electrodes and formed by applying and drying the composition for forming a light emitting layer described in Item 10.
- Item 13 The organic electroluminescence device according to Item 11 or 12, wherein the light emitting layer further contains a compound represented by the following general formula (3) and / or a compound represented by the following general formula (4).
- L 1 is arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms
- L 2 and L 3 are each independently aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, At least one hydrogen in the compounds represented by the above formulas may be substituted with alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, cyano, halogen or deuterium.
- Item 14 The organic electroluminescence device according to any one of Items 11 to 13, wherein the light emitting layer further contains a compound represented by the following general formula (5).
- R 1 to R 11 are each independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or alkyl, wherein at least one hydrogen is further aryl, heteroaryl, Optionally substituted with diarylamino or alkyl, Adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 may be bonded to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with a ring, b ring or c ring, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring is May be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or alkyl, wherein at least one hydrogen may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino or alky
- Item 15 An electron transport layer and / or an electron injection layer disposed between the cathode and the light emitting layer, wherein at least one of the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer is a borane derivative, a pyridine derivative, a fluoranthene derivative, BO Item 11 containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a series derivative, anthracene derivative, benzofluorene derivative, phosphine oxide derivative, pyrimidine derivative, carbazole derivative, triazine derivative, benzimidazole derivative, phenanthroline derivative, and quinolinol metal complex 15.
- the organic electroluminescent element as described in any one of 1 to 14.
- the electron transport layer and / or the electron injection layer further includes an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal oxide, an alkali metal halide, an alkaline earth metal oxide, or an alkaline earth metal.
- Item 15 contains at least one selected from the group consisting of halides, rare earth metal oxides, rare earth metal halides, alkali metal organic complexes, alkaline earth metal organic complexes, and rare earth metal organic complexes.
- Item 17. A display device or illumination device comprising the organic electroluminescent element according to any one of Items 11 to 16.
- the organic EL characteristics such as the light emission characteristics can be further enhanced by the polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the formula (1), which has not been specifically known in the past, or the light emitting layer material.
- the choice of organic EL materials such as can be increased.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an organic EL characteristic (emission spectrum) of the compound (1-1). It is a figure explaining the method to produce an organic EL element on the board
- the polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the general formula (1) represented by the formula (1) is preferably a polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- a light emitting material for an organic EL display three types of materials, ie, a fluorescent material, a phosphorescent material, and a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material are used. About 5%.
- the phosphorescent material and the TADF material may have a luminous efficiency of 100%, but both have a problem of low color purity (wide emission spectrum width).
- the display expresses various colors by mixing the three primary colors of light, red, green, and blue. However, if the color purity of each color is low, colors that cannot be reproduced are produced, and the image quality of the display is reduced. Decrease significantly.
- the half-value width of the blue emission spectrum of a commercially available smartphone is about 20 to 25 nm, but the half-value width of a general fluorescent material is about 40 to 60 nm, the phosphorescent material is about 60 to 90 nm, and it is a TADF material. And about 70 to 100 nm.
- a fluorescent material it is sufficient to remove some unnecessary colors because the half width is relatively narrow.
- a phosphorescent material or a TADF material it is necessary to remove more than half. From such a background, development of a light emitting material having both luminous efficiency and color purity has been desired.
- a TADF material uses an electron-donating substituent called a donor and an electron-accepting substituent called an acceptor to localize HOMO and LUMO in the molecule, thereby efficiently performing an inverse intersystem crossing (reverse intersystem).
- a donor an electron-donating substituent
- an acceptor an electron-accepting substituent
- the use of donors and acceptors increases the structural relaxation in the excited state (in some molecules, the stable structure differs between the ground state and the excited state. If the conversion from the excited state to the excited state occurs, then the structure changes to a stable structure in the excited state), giving a broad emission spectrum with low color purity.
- Patent Document 6 International Publication No. WO 2015/1021178 proposes a new molecular design that dramatically improves the color purity of the TADF material.
- the compound (1-401) disclosed in this document by utilizing the multiple resonance effect of boron (electron-donating) and nitrogen (electron-withdrawing), three carbons on a benzene ring composed of six carbons.
- HOMO has been successfully localized in (black circle) and LUMO has been successfully localized in the remaining three carbons (white circles). Due to this efficient inverse intersystem crossing, the luminous efficiency of the compound reaches a maximum of 100%.
- boron and nitrogen of the compound (1-401) not only localize HOMO and LUMO, but also maintain a solid planar structure by condensing three benzene rings, thereby relaxing the structure in the excited state.
- the present inventors have succeeded in obtaining an emission spectrum with high color purity with small Stokes shift of absorption and emission peaks.
- the half-value width of the emission spectrum is 28 nm, which indicates a level of color purity that surpasses that of high-purity fluorescent materials that have been put into practical use.
- the dimer compound such as the formula (1-422)
- two boron and two nitrogens are bonded to the central benzene ring, thereby further enhancing the multiple resonance effect in the central benzene ring, As a result, light emission having a very narrow emission peak width is possible.
- the emission wavelength becomes longer because the molecular flatness is high and the resonance is broadened, and it is far from the practical blue wavelength. Because of this, intermolecular stacking was induced, and the problem that the efficiency of the light emitting device was not sufficiently satisfactory was also born.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention has two Zs (Z 1 and Z 2 ).
- the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating functional group as Z affects the resonance structure and / or multiple resonance effect of the whole molecule through resonance of the A ring and the C ring. For example, if an electron withdrawing group is introduced, the electron density of LUMO can be reduced and the emission wavelength can be shortened.
- a ring, B ring, C ring and D ring in general formula (1) are each independently an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring, and at least one hydrogen in these rings may be substituted with a substituent.
- This substituent is substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted diarylamino, substituted or unsubstituted diheteroarylamino, substituted or unsubstituted arylheteroarylamino (with aryl Amino group having a heteroaryl), substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted Substituted arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted hetero
- the A ring and the B ring have a 5-membered or 6-membered ring sharing a bond with the fused bicyclic structure on the left side of the above formula (1) composed of “Y”, “X 1 ” and “X 2 ”.
- the C ring and the D ring have a 5-membered or 6-membered ring sharing a bond with the condensed bicyclic structure on the right side of the above formula (1) composed of “Y”, “X 3 ” and “X 4 ”. It is preferable.
- the “condensed bicyclic structure” refers to two saturated hydrocarbon rings composed of “Y”, “X 1 ” and “X 2 ” shown in the left part of the general formula (1). Means a condensed structure. The same applies to the condensed bicyclic structure in the right part of the general formula (1).
- the “six-membered ring sharing a bond with the condensed bicyclic structure” means, for example, a ring (benzene ring (6-membered ring)) condensed to the condensed bicyclic structure as shown in the general formula (2). To do.
- the aryl ring or heteroaryl ring (which is A ring) has this 6-membered ring means that the A ring is formed only by this 6-membered ring or includes this 6-membered ring. It means that another ring or the like is further condensed to this 6-membered ring to form A ring.
- the term “aryl ring or heteroaryl ring having a 6-membered ring (which is an A ring)” as used herein means that a 6-membered ring constituting all or part of the A ring is fused to a condensed bicyclic structure. Means that The same applies to “B ring (b ring)”, “C ring (c ring)”, “D ring (d ring)”, and “5-membered ring”.
- a ring (or B ring, C ring, D ring) in general formula (1) is the ring a and its substituents R 3 and R 4 (or b ring and its substituents R 5 to R in general formula (2). 7 , c ring and its substituents R 8 and R 9 , d ring and its substituents R 10 to R 12 ). That is, the general formula (2) corresponds to a formula in which “A to D rings having a 6-membered ring” are selected as the A to D rings of the general formula (1). In that sense, each ring of the general formula (2) is represented by lowercase letters a to d.
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 and R 12 in the general formula (2) are each independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diaryl.
- adjacent groups of the substituents R 5 to R 7 on the b ring and / or the substituents R 10 to R 12 on the d ring are bonded to form an aryl together with the b ring and / or the d ring.
- Ring or heteroaryl ring may be formed, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring is aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy , Heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio or alkyl-substituted silyl, wherein at least one hydrogen may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or alkyl. Therefore, in the compound represented by the general formula (2), as shown in the following formula (2-1), the ring structure constituting the compound changes depending on the mutual bonding form of the substituents in the b ring and the d ring. .
- the B ′ ring and D ′ ring in the formula (2-1) correspond to the B ring and the D ring in the general formula (1), respectively. Further, the definition of each symbol in the formula (2-1) is the same as the symbol in the general formula (2).
- the ring B ′ and the ring D ′ are bonded to each other adjacent groups among the substituents R 5 to R 7 and R 10 to R 12 as described in the general formula (2).
- an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring formed together with the b ring and the d ring, respectively also referred to as a condensed ring formed by condensing another ring structure to the b ring or the d ring.
- b-ring R 7 and d-ring R 12 do not correspond to “adjacent groups”, and they are not bonded. That is, “adjacent group” means an adjacent group on the same ring.
- Z 1 may be bonded to ring A (ring a) via a linking group or a single bond
- Z 2 may be bonded to ring C (ring c) via a linking group or a single bond.
- the ring structure changes as in the case of the B ′ ring and the D ′ ring.
- the compound represented by the above formula (2-1) corresponds to, for example, compounds represented by the formula (1-5) listed as specific compounds described later. That is, for example, a B ′ ring (or D ′) formed by condensing a benzene ring to a benzene ring which is a b ring (or d ring), in addition, an indole ring, a pyrrole ring, a benzofuran ring or a benzothiophene ring.
- the condensed ring B ′ (or the condensed ring D ′) formed is a naphthalene ring, in addition, a carbazole ring, an indole ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, or the like.
- Y is B (boron).
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 in the general formula (1) are each independently>O,>N—R,> S or> Se, and R in> N—R is substituted Aryl which may be substituted, heteroaryl which may be substituted or alkyl which may be substituted, and R in> N—R represents the A ring, the B ring, the C through a linking group or a single bond. It may be bonded to a ring and / or D ring, and the linking group is preferably —O—, —S— or —C (—R) 2 —.
- R in the “—C (—R) 2 —” is hydrogen or alkyl. This description is the same for X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 in the general formula (2).
- This definition can be expressed by a compound represented by the following formula (2-3) having a ring structure in which X 1 and X 3 are incorporated into the condensed ring B ′ and the condensed ring D ′. That is, for example, a B ′ ring (or a ring formed by condensation of another ring so as to incorporate X 1 (or X 3 ) into the benzene ring which is the b ring (or d ring) in the general formula (2) (or D ′ ring).
- This compound corresponds to, for example, the compounds represented by the formula (1-11) listed as specific compounds described later, and the condensed ring B ′ (or condensed ring D ′) formed is, for example, carbazole. Examples of the ring include phenoxazine ring, phenothiazine ring and acridine ring.
- symbol in Formula (2-3) is the same as the code
- substitution positions of the substituents Z 1 and Z 2 in the general formula (2) are limited to the para position at the position where Y (boron) in the a ring and the c ring is bonded.
- the A ring and the C ring in the general formula (1) are not limited to benzene rings, and are various aryl rings and heteroaryl rings, and the substitution positions of the substituents Z 1 and Z 2 on these rings are not limited, As in the general formula (2), substitution is preferably performed at a position relatively distant from the position where Y is bonded, and substitution is more preferably performed at the most distant position.
- a ring is a naphthalene ring, a fluorene ring, or the like
- preferred substitution positions of Z 1 (and Z 2 ) are exemplified below.
- symbol in each structure is the same definition as the code
- A is> CR 2 ,> NR 2 ,> O or> S, and R is hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) or phenyl.
- R 1 and R 2 in general formula (1) or general formula (2) are each independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, aryl having 6 to 12 carbons, or heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbons Or diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms).
- Z 1 and Z 2 in formula (1) or formula (2) are each independently aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, alkyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy , Arylthio or heteroarylthio, wherein at least one hydrogen may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy or alkyl-substituted silyl and Z 1 is linked It may be bonded to the A ring (a ring) by a group or a single bond, and Z 2 may be bonded to the C ring (c ring) by a linking group or a single bond.
- the linking group for example -O -, - S -, - C (-R) 2 - is like the -C (-R) 2 - of R is hydrogen or alkyl.
- Examples of the “aryl ring” that is the A ring, B ring, C ring and D ring in the general formula (1) include aryl rings having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and aryl rings having 6 to 16 carbon atoms are preferable. An aryl ring having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an aryl ring having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the “aryl ring” is formed together with the b ring and / or the d ring by bonding adjacent groups of “R 5 to R 7 and R 10 to R 12 ” defined in the general formula (2).
- the b ring (or d ring) is already composed of a benzene ring having 6 carbon atoms
- the total number of carbon atoms of the condensed ring in which a 5-membered ring is condensed is the lower limit.
- an aryl ring formed by bonding Z 1 to ring A (ring a) via a linking group or a single bond, or a ring formed by bonding Z 2 to ring C (c ring) by a linking group or single bond The same applies to the aryl ring.
- aryl rings include monocyclic benzene rings, bicyclic biphenyl rings, condensed bicyclic naphthalene rings, tricyclic terphenyl rings (m-terphenyl, o -Terphenyl, p-terphenyl), condensed tricyclic systems such as acenaphthylene ring, fluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring, condensed tetracyclic systems such as triphenylene ring, pyrene ring, naphthacene ring, condensed pentacyclic system Examples include perylene ring and pentacene ring.
- heteroaryl ring which is the A ring, B ring, C ring and D ring of the general formula (1)
- heteroaryl rings having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and heteroaryls having 2 to 25 carbon atoms.
- a ring is preferred, a heteroaryl ring having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is more preferred, a heteroaryl ring having 2 to 15 carbon atoms is more preferred, and a heteroaryl ring having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferred.
- heteroaryl ring include a heterocycle containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as a ring constituent atom.
- the “heteroaryl ring” is a group in which adjacent groups of “R 5 to R 7 and R 10 to R 12 defined by the general formula (2) are bonded to each other together with b ring and / or d ring.
- the b ring (or d ring) is already composed of a benzene ring having 6 carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms of the condensed ring in which a 5-membered ring is condensed to this ring corresponds to the “heteroaryl ring formed”. Is the lower limit of carbon number.
- a heteroaryl ring formed by bonding Z 1 to ring A (ring a) via a linking group or a single bond, or Z 2 was formed by bonding to ring C (ring c) by a linking group or single bond. The same applies to the heteroaryl ring.
- heteroaryl ring examples include pyrrole ring, oxazole ring, isoxazole ring, thiazole ring, isothiazole ring, imidazole ring, oxadiazole ring, thiadiazole ring, triazole ring, tetrazole ring, pyrazole ring, Pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrazine ring, triazine ring, indole ring, isoindole ring, 1H-indazole ring, benzimidazole ring, benzoxazole ring, benzothiazole ring, 1H-benzotriazole ring, quinoline ring, isoquinoline ring Cinnoline ring, quinazoline ring, quinoxaline ring, phthalazine ring, naphthyridine ring, purine ring, p
- At least one hydrogen in the above “aryl ring” or “heteroaryl ring” is the first substituent, which is substituted or unsubstituted “aryl”, substituted or unsubstituted “heteroaryl”, substituted or unsubstituted “Diarylamino”, substituted or unsubstituted “diheteroarylamino”, substituted or unsubstituted “arylheteroarylamino”, substituted or unsubstituted “alkyl”, substituted or unsubstituted “cycloalkyl”, substituted or Unsubstituted "alkoxy", substituted or unsubstituted "aryloxy", substituted or unsubstituted "heteroaryloxy", substituted or unsubstituted "arylthio", substituted or unsubstituted "heteroarylthio” or alkyl substituted Optionally substituted with silyl, but the first substituent is “aryl”, “heteroa
- the “alkyl” as the first substituent may be either a straight chain or a branched chain, and examples thereof include a straight chain alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or a branched chain alkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms. .
- Alkyl having 1 to 18 carbons (branched alkyl having 3 to 18 carbons) is preferable, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons (branched alkyl having 3 to 12 carbons) is more preferable, and alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons.
- alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms branched alkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms
- alkyl examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, and 1-methyl.
- Pentyl 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, 1-methylheptyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-propyl Pentyl, n-nonyl, 2,2-dimethylheptyl, 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptyl, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, 1-methyldecyl, n-dodecyl, n- Tridecyl, 1-hexylheptyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-hepta Sill, n- octadecyl, etc. n- eicosyl and the like.
- cycloalkyl as the first substituent include cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Preferred cycloalkyl is cycloalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. More preferred cycloalkyl is cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. More preferred cycloalkyl is cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- cycloalkyl examples include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, dimethylcyclohexyl and adamantyl.
- examples of the “alkoxy” as the first substituent include straight-chain alkoxy having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or branched alkoxy having 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
- Alkoxy having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (branched alkoxy having 3 to 18 carbon atoms) is preferred, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons (branched alkoxy having 3 to 12 carbon atoms) is more preferred, and carbon number 1 More preferred are alkoxy having 6 to 6 (branched alkoxy having 3 to 6 carbon atoms), and particularly preferred are alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (branched alkoxy having 3 to 4 carbon atoms).
- alkoxy examples include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, heptyloxy, octyloxy and the like.
- alkyl-substituted silyl as the first substituent is preferably a trialkyl-substituted silyl.
- alkyl for the alkyl to be substituted, the description of “alkyl” as the first substituent described above can be referred to.
- Examples of the second substituent include aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl. Specific examples thereof include the above-described monovalent group of the “aryl ring” or “heteroaryl ring”, and the first substitution. Reference may be made to the description of “alkyl” as a group.
- aryl or heteroaryl as the second substituent at least one hydrogen in them is substituted with aryl such as phenyl (specific examples are the groups described above) or alkyl such as methyl (specific examples are the groups described above). These groups are also included in the aryl or heteroaryl as the second substituent.
- the second substituent is a carbazolyl group
- a carbazolyl group in which at least one hydrogen at the 9-position is substituted with an aryl such as phenyl or an alkyl such as methyl is also used as the second substituent. Included in aryl.
- heteroaryl, the aryl of arylthio, and the heteroaryl of heteroarylthio include the monovalent group of the “aryl ring” or “heteroaryl ring” described in the general formula (1).
- alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy or alkyl-substituted silyl in R 3 to R 12 “alkyl”, “cycloalkyl”, “alkoxy” as the first substituent in the description of the general formula (1) described above Alternatively, reference can be made to the description of “alkyl-substituted silyl”. Further, aryl, heteroaryl or alkyl as a substituent for these groups is the same.
- NR R in X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 in the general formula (1) is aryl, heteroaryl or alkyl, in which at least one hydrogen is aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, di Heteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio or alkyl-substituted silyl may be substituted. Examples of these groups and substituents substituted therefor include the examples described above.
- aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms for example, phenyl, naphthyl and the like
- heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms for example, carbazolyl and the like
- alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms for example, methyl, ethyl and the like
- R in “—C (—R) 2 —” as the linking group in the general formula (1) is hydrogen or alkyl, and examples of the alkyl include the groups described above. In particular, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms (for example, methyl, ethyl, etc.) is preferable. This explanation is the same for “—C (—R) 2 —” which is a linking group in the general formula (2).
- alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons aryl having 6 to 12 carbons, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbons, or diarylamino (where aryl is
- aryl is
- alkyl aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
- the description of “alkyl”, “aryl”, “heteroaryl” or “diarylamino” described above can also be referred to.
- heteroarylthio, as well as aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy or alkyl-substituted silyl as substituents on these are also referred to as “aryl”, “heteroaryl”, “diaryl” described above.
- all or part of the hydrogen in the compound represented by the general formula (1) or (2) may be substituted with cyano, halogen or deuterium.
- they are A ring, B ring, C ring, D ring (A to D rings are aryl rings or heteroaryl rings), substituents to A to D rings, and X 1 to X 4 .
- Halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine, more preferably chlorine.
- polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the formula (1) include compounds represented by the following structural formulas. (At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by each of the above formulas may be substituted with alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, aryl having 6 to 10 carbons, cyano, halogen or deuterium. Are each independently alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons or aryl having 6 to 10 carbons, preferably phenyl, methyl or t-butyl.)
- polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the formula (1) include compounds represented by the following structural formula.
- At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the above formulas is an alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, cyano, may be substituted with a halogen or deuterium
- R 100 in the formula Are each independently aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, carbazolyl, diarylamino (where aryl is aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms), alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or , Aryloxy having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, “aryl” in the above “aryl”, “diarylamino”, and “aryl” in “aryloxy” may be substituted with alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- the carbazolyl may be substituted with aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the emission wavelength can be adjusted by the steric hindrance, electron donating property and electron withdrawing property of the structure of R 100 , preferably a group represented by the following formula, more preferably methyl, t-butyl, phenyl , O-tolyl, p-tolyl, 2,4-xylyl, 2,5-xylyl, 2,6-xylyl, 2,4,6-mesityl, diphenylamino, di-p-tolylamino, bis (p- (t -Butyl) phenyl) amino, carbazolyl, 3,6-dimethylcarbazolyl, 3,6-di-t-butylcarbazolyl and phenoxy, more preferably methyl, t-butyl, phenyl, o-tolyl 2,6-xylyl, 2,4,6-mesityl, diphenylamino, di-p-tolylamino, bis (p- (t-butyl) phenyl)
- t-butyl, o-tolyl, p-tolyl, 2,4-xylyl, 2,5 -Xylyl, 2,6-xylyl, 2,4,6-mesityl, di-p-tolylamino, bis (p- (t-butyl) phenyl) amino, 3,6-dimethylcarbazolyl and 3,6-di- -T-Butylcarbazolyl is preferred.
- formula (1-9000-R100) are preferred, formula (1-5000-R100), formula (1-5010-R100), formula (1-5020-R100), formula (1-5100-R100), formula (1-5110-R100) and formula
- the structure has the formula (1-5000-R100), Formula (1-5010-R100), Formula (1-5020-R100), Formula (1-5100-R100), Formula (1-5110-R100), Formula (1-5120-R100), Formula (1-6000 -R100), Formula (1-6010-R100), Formula (1-6020-R100), Formula (1-6200-R100), Formula (1-6210-R100), Formula (1-6220-R100), Formula (1-7400-R100), formula (1-7410-R100) and formula (1-7420-R100) are preferred.
- polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the formula (1) include, for example, compounds represented by the structural formula starting from the following (1-1), as well as the following formula (1-1) In the structural formula starting from), a compound having a structural formula in which a t-butyl group is substituted with a methyl group is also included, and the structural formula corresponding to R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (1) is a phenyl group A compound of the structural formula in which the phenyl groups of R 1 and R 2 are both substituted with a methyl group, a compound of the structural formula in which the phenyl group of R 1 is substituted with hydrogen and only R 2 is a phenyl group, the phenyl of R 2 A compound of the structural formula in which the group is substituted with hydrogen and only R 1 is a phenyl group, a compound of the structural formula in which the phenyl group of R 1 is substituted with a methyl group and the phenyl group of R 2 is substituted with hydrogen, and R 1
- the polycyclic aromatic compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) are basically produced by bonding each ring structure to each other (No. 1 reaction), and then the final product can be produced by bonding the respective ring structures with boron atoms (second reaction).
- first reaction for example, a general etherification reaction such as a nucleophilic substitution reaction or an Ullmann reaction, or a general amination reaction such as a Buchwald-Hartwig reaction can be used.
- a tandem hetero Friedel-Crafts reaction continuous aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction, the same applies hereinafter
- symbol in the structural formula in each following scheme is the same definition as those of General formula (1) or General formula (2).
- the second reaction is a reaction for introducing a boron atom that bonds each ring structure.
- the hydrogen atoms between X 1 and X 2 and between X 3 and X 4 are orthometalated with n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium or the like.
- boron trichloride, boron tribromide, etc. are added, and after lithium-boron metal exchange, Bronsted base such as N, N-diisopropylethylamine is added to cause tandem Bora Friedel-Crafts reaction. You can get things.
- a Lewis acid such as aluminum trichloride may be added to accelerate the reaction.
- Y has a substituent at a desired position, and Y is boron, X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are each independently ,>O,>N—R,> S or> Se can be synthesized.
- by-products may be generated because the location where the tandem Bora Friedel-Crafts reaction occurs may vary depending on, for example, rotation of the amino group in the intermediate.
- the target polycyclic aromatic compound can be isolated from these mixtures by chromatography, recrystallization or the like.
- Examples of the orthometalation reagent used in the above scheme include alkyllithium such as methyllithium, n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, and t-butyllithium, lithium diisopropylamide, lithium tetramethylpiperidide, and lithium hexamethyl. And organic alkali compounds such as disilazide and potassium hexamethyldisilazide.
- the metal-Y (boron) metal exchange reagent used in the above scheme includes boron halides such as boron trifluoride, trichloride, tribromide, and triiodide, Y such as CIPN (NEt 2 ) 2 Examples include aminated halides, alkoxylates of Y, aryloxylates of Y, and the like.
- N N-diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, N, N— Dimethylaniline, N, N-dimethyltoluidine, 2,6-lutidine, sodium tetraphenylborate, potassium tetraphenylborate, triphenylborane, tetraphenylsilane, Ar 4 BNa, Ar 4 BK, Ar 3 B, Ar 4 Si (where Ar is aryl such as phenyl) and the like.
- a Bronsted base or a Lewis acid may be used to promote the tandem heterofriedel crafts reaction.
- boron halides such as boron trifluoride, trichloride, tribromide, and triiodide
- hydrogen fluoride hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide
- an acid such as hydrogen iodide is generated, it is effective to use a Bronsted base that captures the acid.
- an aminated halide of boron or an alkoxylated product of boron is used, an amine or alcohol is produced with the progress of the aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction. In many cases, it is necessary to use a Bronsted base. Although there is no amino group or alkoxy group elimination ability, the use of a Lewis acid that promotes the elimination is effective.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the general formula (1) or (2) includes a compound in which at least a part of hydrogen atoms are substituted with cyano, halogen or deuterium.
- a compound or the like can be synthesized in the same manner as described above by using a raw material in which a desired portion is cyanated, halogenated or deuterated.
- Organic Device The polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention can be used as a material for an organic device.
- an organic device an organic electroluminescent element, an organic field effect transistor, an organic thin film solar cell, etc. are mentioned, for example.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an organic EL element according to this embodiment.
- An organic electroluminescent device 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a substrate 101, an anode 102 provided on the substrate 101, a hole injection layer 103 provided on the anode 102, and a hole injection layer 103.
- the cathode 108 provided on the electron injection layer 107.
- the organic electroluminescent element 100 is manufactured in the reverse order, for example, the substrate 101, the cathode 108 provided on the substrate 101, the electron injection layer 107 provided on the cathode 108, and the electron injection layer.
- a structure including the hole injection layer 103 provided above and the anode 102 provided on the hole injection layer 103 may be employed.
- each said layer may consist of a single layer, respectively, and may consist of multiple layers.
- the substrate 101 is a support for the organic electroluminescent element 100, and usually quartz, glass, metal, plastic, or the like is used.
- the substrate 101 is formed into a plate shape, a film shape, or a sheet shape according to the purpose.
- a glass plate, a metal plate, a metal foil, a plastic film, a plastic sheet, or the like is used.
- glass plates and transparent synthetic resin plates such as polyester, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, polysulfone and the like are preferable.
- soda lime glass, non-alkali glass, or the like is used, and the thickness only needs to be sufficient to maintain the mechanical strength.
- the upper limit value of the thickness is, for example, 2 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less.
- the glass material is preferably alkali-free glass because it is better to have less ions eluted from the glass.
- soda lime glass with a barrier coat such as SiO 2 is also commercially available, so it can be used. it can.
- the substrate 101 may be provided with a gas barrier film such as a dense silicon oxide film on at least one surface in order to improve the gas barrier property, and a synthetic resin plate, film or sheet having a low gas barrier property is used as the substrate 101. When used, it is preferable to provide a gas barrier film.
- the anode 102 serves to inject holes into the light emitting layer 105.
- the hole injection layer 103 and / or the hole transport layer 104 are provided between the anode 102 and the light emitting layer 105, holes are injected into the light emitting layer 105 through these layers. .
- Examples of the material for forming the anode 102 include inorganic compounds and organic compounds.
- Examples of inorganic compounds include metals (aluminum, gold, silver, nickel, palladium, chromium, etc.), metal oxides (indium oxide, tin oxide, indium-tin oxide (ITO), indium-zinc oxide) Products (IZO), metal halides (copper iodide, etc.), copper sulfide, carbon black, ITO glass, Nesa glass, and the like.
- Examples of the organic compound include polythiophene such as poly (3-methylthiophene), conductive polymer such as polypyrrole and polyaniline, and the like. In addition, it can select suitably from the substances currently used as an anode of an organic electroluminescent element, and can use it.
- the resistance of the transparent electrode is not limited as long as it can supply a sufficient current for light emission of the light emitting element, but is preferably low resistance from the viewpoint of power consumption of the light emitting element.
- an ITO substrate of 300 ⁇ / ⁇ or less functions as an element electrode, but at present, since it is possible to supply a substrate of about 10 ⁇ / ⁇ , for example, 100 to 5 ⁇ / ⁇ , preferably 50 to 5 ⁇ . It is particularly desirable to use a low resistance product of / ⁇ .
- the thickness of ITO can be arbitrarily selected according to the resistance value, but is usually used in a range of 50 to 300 nm.
- the hole injection layer 103 plays a role of efficiently injecting holes moving from the anode 102 into the light emitting layer 105 or the hole transport layer 104.
- the hole transport layer 104 serves to efficiently transport holes injected from the anode 102 or holes injected from the anode 102 via the hole injection layer 103 to the light emitting layer 105.
- the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 104 are each formed by laminating and mixing one kind or two or more kinds of hole injection / transport materials or a mixture of the hole injection / transport material and the polymer binder. Is done.
- an inorganic salt such as iron (III) chloride may be added to the hole injection / transport material to form a layer.
- a hole injection / transport material As a hole injection / transport material, it is necessary to efficiently inject and transport holes from the positive electrode between electrodes to which an electric field is applied. The hole injection efficiency is high, and the injected holes are transported efficiently. It is desirable to do. For this purpose, it is preferable to use a substance that has a low ionization potential, a high hole mobility, excellent stability, and is less likely to generate trapping impurities during production and use.
- a compound conventionally used as a charge transport material for holes, a p-type semiconductor, and a hole injection of an organic electroluminescent element are used. Any compound can be selected and used from known compounds used in the layer and the hole transport layer.
- carbazole derivatives N-phenylcarbazole, polyvinylcarbazole, etc.
- biscarbazole derivatives such as bis (N-arylcarbazole) or bis (N-alkylcarbazole)
- triarylamine derivatives aromatic tertiary class
- polycarbonates, styrene derivatives, polyvinylcarbazole, polysilanes, etc. having the aforementioned monomers in the side chain are preferred, but light emitting devices There is no particular limitation as long as it is a compound that can form a thin film necessary for the fabrication, inject holes from the anode, and further transport holes.
- organic semiconductors are strongly influenced by the doping.
- Such an organic semiconductor matrix material is composed of a compound having a good electron donating property or a compound having a good electron accepting property.
- Strong electron acceptors such as tetracyanoquinone dimethane (TCNQ) or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorotetracyano-1,4-benzoquinone dimethane (F4TCNQ) are known for doping of electron donor materials.
- TCNQ tetracyanoquinone dimethane
- F4TCNQ 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorotetracyano-1,4-benzoquinone dimethane
- the light-emitting layer 105 is a layer that emits light by recombining holes injected from the anode 102 and electrons injected from the cathode 108 between electrodes to which an electric field is applied.
- the material for forming the light-emitting layer 105 may be a compound that emits light by being excited by recombination of holes and electrons (a light-emitting compound), can form a stable thin film shape, and is in a solid state It is preferable that the compound exhibits a strong light emission (fluorescence) efficiency.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the said General formula (1) can be used as a material for light emitting layers.
- the light emitting layer may be either a single layer or a plurality of layers, each formed of a light emitting layer material (host material, dopant material). Each of the host material and the dopant material may be one kind or a plurality of combinations.
- the dopant material may be included in the host material as a whole, or may be included partially.
- As a doping method it can be formed by a co-evaporation method with a host material. However, it can be formed by a wet film formation method after being pre-mixed with a host material and simultaneously vapor-depositing or pre-mixed with an organic solvent and a host material. A film may be formed.
- the amount of host material used depends on the type of host material and can be determined according to the characteristics of the host material.
- the standard of the amount of the host material used is preferably 50 to 99.999% by weight of the entire light emitting layer material, more preferably 80 to 99.95% by weight, and still more preferably 90 to 99.9% by weight. It is.
- the amount of dopant material used depends on the type of dopant material, and can be determined according to the characteristics of the dopant material.
- the standard of the amount of dopant used is preferably 0.001 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 20% by weight, and further preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight of the entire material for the light emitting layer. is there.
- the above range is preferable in that, for example, the concentration quenching phenomenon can be prevented.
- an organic electroluminescent device using a thermally activated delayed fluorescent dopant material a lower concentration of dopant material is preferable in terms of preventing concentration quenching, but a higher amount of dopant material is used.
- the concentration is preferable from the viewpoint of the efficiency of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence mechanism.
- the dopant material is used in comparison with the amount of the assist dopant material used in terms of the efficiency of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence mechanism of the assist dopant material. It is preferable that the amount used is a low concentration.
- the indications of the host material, the assist dopant material, and the dopant material are 40 to 99.999 wt%, 59 to 1 wt%, and 20 to 20 wt% of the entire light emitting layer material, respectively. 0.001% by weight, preferably 60 to 99.99%, 39 to 5% by weight, and 10 to 0.01% by weight, and more preferably 70 to 99.95% and 29 to 10%, respectively. % By weight and 5 to 0.05% by weight.
- the compound according to the present invention and the polymer compound thereof can also be used as an assist dopant material.
- Host materials include fused ring derivatives such as anthracene and pyrene that have been known as light emitters, bisstyryl derivatives such as bisstyrylanthracene derivatives and distyrylbenzene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, fluorene derivatives, benzones Examples include fluorene derivatives.
- the T1 energy of the host material is preferably higher than the T1 energy of the dopant having the highest T1 energy in the light emitting layer or the assist dopant from the viewpoint of promoting without inhibiting the generation of TADF in the light emitting layer.
- the T1 energy of the host is preferably 0.01 eV or more, more preferably 0.03 eV or more, and further preferably 0.1 eV or more.
- a TADF active compound may be used as the host material.
- Examples of the host material include a compound represented by the following general formula (3) and a compound represented by the following general formula (4).
- L 1 is arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably arylene having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably arylene having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, particularly arylene having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- divalent benzene ring, biphenyl ring, naphthalene ring, terphenyl ring, acenaphthylene ring, fluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, pyrene ring, naphthacene ring, perylene ring and pentacene ring are preferable.
- the group of is mentioned.
- L 2 and L 3 are each independently aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- aryl having 6 to 24 carbon atoms is preferable, aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is more preferable, aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is further preferable, aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable, specifically Includes monovalent groups such as benzene ring, biphenyl ring, naphthalene ring, terphenyl ring, acenaphthylene ring, fluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, pyrene ring, naphthacene ring, perylene ring and pentacene ring. .
- a heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms is preferable, a heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is more preferable, a heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable Specifically, a pyrrole ring, an oxazole ring, an isoxazole ring, a thiazole ring, an isothiazole ring, an imidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, a triazole ring, a tetrazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, Pyridazine ring, pyrazine ring, triazine ring, indole ring, isoindole ring, 1H-indazole ring, benzimidazole ring
- R 1 to R 11 are each independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or alkyl (hereinafter, the first substituent), and at least one of them
- the hydrogen may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino or alkyl (above, the second substituent)
- Adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 may be bonded to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with a ring, b ring or c ring, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring is It may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or alkyl (above, the first substituent), wherein at least one hydrogen is further aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamin
- R 1 to R 11 are each independently hydrogen, aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms) or 1 to In which at least one hydrogen is further aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, diarylamino (where aryl is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms) or 1 to carbon atoms.
- Adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 may be bonded to form an aryl ring having 9 to 16 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl ring having 6 to 15 carbon atoms together with the a ring, b ring or c ring.
- At least one hydrogen in the formed ring is aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms), or 1 to 12 carbon atoms
- At least one hydrogen is further aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, diarylamino (where aryl is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms) or carbon It may be substituted with an alkyl of 1 to 12.
- R 1 to R 11 are each independently hydrogen, aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms) or 1 to And at least one hydrogen in them is further aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms) or 1 to carbon atoms.
- Adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 may be bonded to form an aryl ring having 9 to 12 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl ring having 6 to 12 carbon atoms together with the a ring, b ring or c ring.
- At least one hydrogen in the ring formed is aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, diarylamino (wherein aryl is aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms) or 1 to 6 carbon atoms Optionally substituted with alkyl, wherein at least one hydrogen is further aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, diarylamino (where aryl is aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms) or carbon It may be substituted with an alkyl of 1 to 6.
- aryl and “heteroaryl” in aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, and arylheteroarylamino include the following examples.
- aryl include aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, aryl having 6 to 24 carbon atoms is preferable, aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms is more preferable, and aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is preferable. Is more preferable, aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is particularly preferable, and aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is most preferable.
- heteroaryl examples include heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, more preferably heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and 2 carbon atoms.
- a heteroaryl having ⁇ 15 is more preferred, and a heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbons is particularly preferred.
- the “alkyl” may be either a straight chain or a branched chain, for example, a straight chain alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or a branched chain having 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
- Alkyl preferably an alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 18 carbon atoms), more preferably an alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms), More preferred is alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms), particularly preferred is alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms), and most preferred is methyl. .
- the substitution position is preferably R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 10 and R 11 , for example, substitution to R 1 and R 3, to R 5 and R 10 Of R 4 and R 11 are more preferred, and aryl is preferably a phenyl group.
- the substitution position is preferably R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 , for example, substitution to R 1 , R 2 substitution, R 3 substitution, R 1 and R 3 substitution, R 4 and R 11 substitution, R 5 and R 10 substitution, R 6 and R 9 substitution and more.
- heteroaryl is preferably a carbazolyl group. This heteroaryl (eg, carbazolyl) may be substituted at the above position via a phenylene group.
- an a to c ring is bonded with a linking group (—O—) to produce an intermediate (first reaction), and then the a to c ring is converted to B (
- the final product can be produced by bonding with boron) (second reaction).
- first reaction for example, a general etherification reaction such as a nucleophilic substitution reaction or an Ullmann reaction can be used.
- second reaction a tandem hetero Friedel-Crafts reaction (continuous aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction) can be used.
- the details of the first and second reactions can be referred to the description described in International Publication No. 2015/102118.
- host materials other examples include Advanced Materials, 2017, 29, 1605444, Journal of Materials, Chemistry, C, 2016, 4, 11355-11381, Chemical, Science, 2016, 7, 7, 3355-3363, Thin Solid.
- the host materials described in Films, 2016, 619, 120-124, etc. can be used.
- the host material for the phosphorescent organic EL element described in Chemistry Society Reviews, 2011,40,2943-2970 is also a TADF organic EL. It can be used as a host material for an element.
- the host compound is a compound having at least one structure selected from the partial structure (HA) group represented by the following formula, and each of the host compounds in the partial structure (HA) group: At least one hydrogen atom in the structure may be substituted with any structure in the partial structure (HA) group or partial structure (HB) group, and at least one hydrogen in these structures is It may be substituted with deuterium, halogen, cyano, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (for example, methyl or t-butyl), trimethylsilyl or phenyl.
- the host compound is preferably a compound represented by any of the structural formulas listed below, and among these, one to three structures selected from the partial structure (HA) group are more preferable.
- a compound having one structure selected from the partial structure (HB) group more preferably a compound having a carbazole group as the partial structure (HA) group, particularly preferably Formula (3-201), Formula (3-202), Formula (3-203), Formula (3-204), Formula (3-212), Formula (3-221), Formula (3-222), Formula (3-261) or a compound represented by formula (3-262).
- at least one hydrogen may be substituted with halogen, cyano, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbons (for example, methyl or t-butyl), phenyl, naphthyl, or the like.
- each MU is independently at least one selected from the group consisting of divalent groups of the compounds represented by the general formulas (B-1) to (B-5).
- two hydrogens in the MU are replaced with EC or MU, each EC being independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy; At least one hydrogen in these may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino, and k is an integer from 2 to 50000.
- k is preferably an integer of 100 to 40000, more preferably an integer of 500 to 25000.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (B-1) to (B-5) are the following compounds.
- each Ar is independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy, At least one hydrogen may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino, and adjacent groups of Ar are bonded to each other, together with the mother skeleton of an anthracene ring, pyrene ring, fluorene ring or carbazole ring, respectively.
- aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring, wherein at least one hydrogen in the formed ring is substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy May be.
- the specific description of each group can refer to the description in the polycyclic aromatic compound of the general formula (1) or the general formula (2).
- N in each formula is an integer of 1 to 6, preferably an integer of 1 to 4, more preferably an integer of 1 to 2, and particularly preferably 1.
- R 1 to R 11 are each independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy, and at least one of them The hydrogen may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino; Adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 may be bonded to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with a ring, b ring or c ring, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring is May be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy, wherein at least one hydrogen may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino .
- the specific description of each group can refer to the description in the polycyclic aromatic compound of the general formula (1) or the general formula (2).
- At least one hydrogen in the compounds represented by formulas (B-1) to (B-5) is represented by a group represented by formula (FG-1) described later, a formula (FG-2) described later. Or may be substituted with alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, halogen or deuterium, and any —CH 2 — in the alkyl may be substituted with —O— or —Si (CH 3 ) 2 —. Any —CH 2 — other than —CH 2 — directly bonded to the compounds represented by the above formulas (B-1) to (B-5) in the alkyl may have 6 to 6 carbon atoms; It may be substituted with 24 arylenes, and any hydrogen in the alkyl may be substituted with fluorine.
- At least one hydrogen in EC is a group represented by the following general formula (FG-1), a group represented by the following general formula (FG-2), or a group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
- alkyl may be substituted with halogen or deuterium, in addition, any -CH 2 - in said alkyl - is -O- or -Si (CH 3) 2 - may be substituted with the formula in the alkyl (B-6) in the -CH connected directly to the EC 2 - arbitrary -CH 2 except - may be substituted arylene of 6 to 24 carbon atoms, optional hydrogen in said alkyl with fluorine May be substituted.
- R is each independently fluorine, trimethylsilyl, trifluoromethyl, alkyl having 1 to 24 carbons or cycloalkyl having 3 to 24 carbons, and any —CH 2 — in the alkyl is substituted with —O—.
- Any —CH 2 — except —CH 2 — directly bonded to phenyl or phenylene in the alkyl may be substituted with arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and at least in the cycloalkyl
- One hydrogen may be substituted with alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, When two adjacent Rs are alkyl or cycloalkyl, these may be bonded to form a ring;
- m is each independently an integer of 0 to 4, n is an integer of 0 to 5, and p is an integer of 1 to 5.
- Each R is independently fluorine, trimethylsilyl, trifluoromethyl, alkyl having 1 to 24 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3 to 24 carbons or aryl having 6 to 12 carbons, and any —CH in the alkyl 2 — may be substituted with —O—, and any —CH 2 — other than —CH 2 — directly bonded to phenyl or phenylene in the alkyl is substituted with arylene of 6 to 24 carbon atoms.
- At least one hydrogen in the cycloalkyl may be substituted with alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and at least one hydrogen in the aryl is alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms. May be replaced with When two adjacent Rs are alkyl or cycloalkyl, these may be bonded to form a ring; m is an integer of 0 to 4, and n is each independently an integer of 0 to 5. )
- Examples of the MU include the following general formulas (MU-1-1) to (MU-1-12), the following general formulas (MU-2-1) to (MU-2-202), and the following general formulas ( MU-3-1) to formula (MU-3-201), the following general formula (MU-4-1) to formula (MU-4-122), and the following general formula (MU-5-1) to general formula ( And a divalent group represented by MU-5-12).
- Examples of EC include groups represented by general formulas (EC-1) to (EC-29) shown below. In these, MU binds to MU or EC at *, and EC binds to MU at *.
- the compound represented by the formula (B-6) preferably has at least one divalent group represented by the formula (B-6-X1) in the molecule from the viewpoint of charge transport. More preferably, the divalent group represented by the formula (B-6-X1) has 10% or more of the molecular weight of the compound represented by the formula (B-6).
- the divalent group represented by the formula (B-6-X1) is bonded to MU or EC at *.
- 10 to 100% of the MU total number (n) in the molecule has alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of solubility and coating film-forming property. It is more preferable that 30 to 100% of the MU total number (n) in the molecule has alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 18 carbon atoms), and the total number of MUs in the molecule More preferably, 50 to 100% of MU of (n) has alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms).
- the MU total number (n) in the molecule has alkyl having 7 to 24 carbon atoms
- the MU total number (n) It is more preferable that 30 to 100% of MU of the compound has an alkyl having 7 to 24 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 7 to 24 carbon atoms).
- the dopant material is not particularly limited, and a known compound can be used, and can be selected from various materials according to a desired emission color.
- condensed ring derivatives such as phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, tetracene, pentacene, perylene, naphthopylene, dibenzopyrene, rubrene and chrysene
- benzoxazole derivatives benzothiazole derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, benzotriazole derivatives, oxazoles Derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives, stilbene derivatives, thiophene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, bisstyrylanthracene derivatives, distyrylbenzene derivative
- blue to blue-green dopant materials include naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, triphenylene, perylene, fluorene, indene, chrysene and other aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and derivatives thereof, furan, pyrrole, thiophene, Aromatic complex such as silole, 9-silafluorene, 9,9'-spirobisilafluorene, benzothiophene, benzofuran, indole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, imidazopyridine, phenanthroline, pyrazine, naphthyridine, quinoxaline, pyrrolopyridine, thioxanthene Ring compounds and their derivatives, distyrylbenzene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, stilbene derivatives, aldazine derivatives, coumarin derivatives, imidazo
- examples of the green to yellow dopant material include coumarin derivatives, phthalimide derivatives, naphthalimide derivatives, perinone derivatives, pyrrolopyrrole derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, acridone derivatives, quinacridone derivatives, and naphthacene derivatives such as rubrene.
- orange to red dopant materials include naphthalimide derivatives such as bis (diisopropylphenyl) perylenetetracarboxylic imide, perinone derivatives, rare earth complexes such as Eu complexes having acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and phenanthroline as ligands, 4 -(Dicyanomethylene) -2-methyl-6- (p-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran and its analogs, metal phthalocyanine derivatives such as magnesium phthalocyanine and aluminum chlorophthalocyanine, rhodamine compounds, deazaflavin derivatives, coumarin derivatives, quinacridone Derivatives, phenoxazine derivatives, oxazine derivatives, quinazoline derivatives, pyrrolopyridine derivatives, squarylium derivatives, violanthrone derivatives, phenazine derivatives, phenoxazo Derivatives, thi
- the dopant can be appropriately selected from the compounds described in Chemical Industry, June 2004, p. 13 and the references cited therein.
- amines having a stilbene structure perylene derivatives, borane derivatives, aromatic amine derivatives, coumarin derivatives, pyran derivatives or pyrene derivatives are particularly preferable.
- the amine having a stilbene structure is represented by the following formula, for example.
- Ar 1 is an m-valent group derived from aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 2 and Ar 3 are each independently aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 1 to Ar At least one of 3 has a stilbene structure
- Ar 1 to Ar 3 may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, trisubstituted silyl (silyl substituted with aryl and / or alkyl) or cyano.
- m is an integer from 1 to 4.
- the amine having a stilbene structure is more preferably a diaminostilbene represented by the following formula.
- Ar 2 and Ar 3 are each independently aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and Ar 2 and Ar 3 are aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, tri-substituted silyl (aryl and / or alkyl trivalent). Optionally substituted with silyl) or cyano.
- aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms include phenyl, naphthyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, chrycenyl, naphthacenyl, perylenyl, stilbenyl, distyrylphenyl, distyrylbiphenylyl , Distyrylfluorenyl and the like.
- amines having a stilbene structure include N, N, N ′, N′-tetra (4-biphenylyl) -4,4′-diaminostilbene, N, N, N ′, N′-tetra (1-naphthyl) ) -4,4′-diaminostilbene, N, N, N ′, N′-tetra (2-naphthyl) -4,4′-diaminostilbene, N, N′-di (2-naphthyl) -N, N '-Diphenyl-4,4'-diaminostilbene, N, N'-di (9-phenanthryl) -N, N'-diphenyl-4,4'-diaminostilbene, 4,4'-bis [4 "-bis (Diphenylamino) styryl] -biphenyl, 1,4-bis [4′-bis (diphenylamino)
- perylene derivatives examples include 3,10-bis (2,6-dimethylphenyl) perylene, 3,10-bis (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) perylene, 3,10-diphenylperylene, 3,4- Diphenylperylene, 2,5,8,11-tetra-t-butylperylene, 3,4,9,10-tetraphenylperylene, 3- (1'-pyrenyl) -8,11-di (t-butyl) perylene 3- (9′-anthryl) -8,11-di (t-butyl) perylene, 3,3′-bis (8,11-di (t-butyl) perylenyl), and the like.
- JP-A-11-97178, JP-A-2000-133457, JP-A-2000-26324, JP-A-2001-267079, JP-A-2001-267078, JP-A-2001-267076, Perylene derivatives described in JP-A No. 2000-34234, JP-A No. 2001-267075, JP-A No. 2001-217077 and the like may be used.
- borane derivatives examples include 1,8-diphenyl-10- (dimesitylboryl) anthracene, 9-phenyl-10- (dimesitylboryl) anthracene, 4- (9′-anthryl) dimesitylborylnaphthalene, 4- (10 ′ -Phenyl-9'-anthryl) dimesitylborylnaphthalene, 9- (dimesitylboryl) anthracene, 9- (4'-biphenylyl) -10- (dimesitylboryl) anthracene, 9- (4 '-(N-carbazolyl) phenyl) And -10- (dimesitylboryl) anthracene.
- the aromatic amine derivative is represented by the following formula, for example.
- Ar 4 is an n-valent group derived from aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 5 and Ar 6 are each independently aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 4 to Ar 6 are , Aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, trisubstituted silyl (silyl substituted with aryl and / or alkyl) or cyano
- n is an integer from 1 to 4.
- Ar 4 is a divalent group derived from anthracene, chrysene, fluorene, benzofluorene or pyrene
- Ar 5 and Ar 6 are each independently an aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 4 to Ar 6 Is more preferably an aromatic amine derivative, optionally substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, trisubstituted silyl (silyl substituted with aryl and / or alkyl) or cyano
- n is 2.
- aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms include phenyl, naphthyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, chrysenyl, naphthacenyl, perylenyl, pentacenyl and the like.
- the chrysene type includes, for example, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraphenylchrysene-6,12-diamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetra (p-tolyl) Chrysene-6,12-diamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetra (m-tolyl) chrysene-6,12-diamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetrakis (4-isopropylphenyl) chrysene -6,12-diamine, N, N, N ', N'-tetra (naphthalen-2-yl) chrysene-6,12-diamine, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-di (p-tolyl) ) Chrysene-6,12-diamine, N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′-bis (4
- Examples of the pyrene series include N, N, N ′, N′-tetraphenylpyrene-1,6-diamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetra (p-tolyl) pyrene-1,6.
- anthracene system examples include N, N, N, N-tetraphenylanthracene-9,10-diamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetra (p-tolyl) anthracene-9,10-diamine.
- Examples of the coumarin derivative include coumarin-6 and coumarin-334. Moreover, you may use the coumarin derivative described in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2004-43646, Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2001-76876, and Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-298758.
- Examples of the pyran derivative include the following DCM and DCJTB. Also, JP 2005-126399, JP 2005-097283, JP 2002-234892, JP 2001-220577, JP 2001-081090, and JP 2001-052869. Alternatively, pyran derivatives described in the above may be used.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the general formula (1) can also be used as a composition for forming a light emitting layer together with an organic solvent.
- the composition contains at least one polycyclic aromatic compound as a first component, at least one host material as a second component, and at least one organic solvent as a third component.
- a 1st component functions as a dopant component of the light emitting layer obtained from this composition
- a 2nd component functions as a host component of a light emitting layer.
- the third component functions as a solvent that dissolves the first component and the second component in the composition, and gives a smooth and uniform surface shape at the time of application due to the controlled evaporation rate of the third component itself.
- the composition for forming a light emitting layer contains at least one organic solvent as a third component.
- the film formability, the presence or absence of defects in the coating film, the surface roughness, and the smoothness can be controlled and improved.
- the meniscus stability at the pinhole of the ink jet head can be controlled, and the discharge performance can be controlled and improved.
- the drying speed of the film and the orientation of the derivative molecules the electrical characteristics, light emitting characteristics, efficiency, and lifetime of the organic EL device having a light emitting layer obtained from the composition for forming a light emitting layer are improved. Can do.
- the boiling point of at least one organic solvent is 130 ° C to 300 ° C, more preferably 140 ° C to 270 ° C, and further preferably 150 ° C to 250 ° C.
- the boiling point is higher than 130 ° C., it is preferable from the viewpoint of ink jetting properties.
- a boiling point is lower than 300 degreeC, it is preferable from a viewpoint of the defect of a coating film, surface roughness, a residual solvent, and smoothness.
- the third component is more preferably composed of two or more organic solvents from the viewpoints of good ink jet discharge properties, film-forming properties, smoothness and low residual solvent.
- the composition may be a solid state by removing the solvent from the composition for forming the light emitting layer in consideration of transportability and the like.
- the third component comprises a good solvent (GS) and poor solvent (PS) for the host material of the second component
- the good boiling (BP PS solvent boiling (GS) BP GS
- PS poor solvent
- Is particularly preferred By adding a poor solvent having a high boiling point, a good solvent having a low boiling point is volatilized first at the time of film formation, and the concentration of inclusions in the composition and the concentration of the poor solvent are increased, thereby promptly forming a film. Thereby, a coating film with few defects, a small surface roughness, and high smoothness is obtained.
- the solubility difference (S GS ⁇ S PS ) is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 3% or more, and further preferably 5% or more.
- the difference in boiling points (BP PS -BP GS ) is preferably 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably 30 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 50 ° C. or higher.
- the organic solvent is removed from the coating film by a drying process such as vacuum, reduced pressure or heating after the film formation.
- a drying process such as vacuum, reduced pressure or heating after the film formation.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Tg glass transition point
- Tg glass transition point
- drying may be performed a plurality of times at different temperatures, or a plurality of drying methods may be used in combination.
- organic solvents used in the composition for forming a light emitting layer include alkylbenzene solvents, phenyl ether solvents, alkyl ether solvents, cyclic ketone solvents, aliphatic ketone solvents, monocyclic Examples include ketone solvents, solvents having a diester skeleton, and fluorine-containing solvents.
- composition for light emitting layer formation may contain arbitrary components in the range which does not impair the property.
- optional components include a binder and a surfactant.
- the composition for light emitting layer formation may contain the binder.
- the binder forms a film at the time of film formation and bonds the obtained film to the substrate.
- it plays a role of dissolving, dispersing and binding other components in the composition for forming a light emitting layer.
- binder used in the composition for forming a light emitting layer examples include acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer (AES) resin, Ionomer, chlorinated polyether, diallyl phthalate resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, Teflon, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) resin, acrylonitrile -Styrene copolymer (AS) resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, urea resin, alkyd resin, polyurethane, and copolymer of the above resin and polymer, Re not limited to.
- AES acrylonitrile-ethylene-styren
- the binder used in the composition for forming a light emitting layer may be only one kind or a mixture of plural kinds.
- the composition for forming a light emitting layer contains, for example, a surfactant for controlling the film surface uniformity, solvophilicity and liquid repellency of the film forming composition. Also good.
- Surfactants are classified into ionic and nonionic based on the structure of the hydrophilic group, and further classified into alkyl, silicon, and fluorine based on the structure of the hydrophobic group. Further, the molecular structure is classified into a monomolecular system having a relatively small molecular weight and a simple structure, and a polymer system having a large molecular weight and having a side chain and a branch.
- surfactant for example, Polyflow No. 45, Polyflow KL-245, Polyflow No. 75, Polyflow No. 90, polyflow no. 95 (trade name, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), Disperbak 161, Disper Bake 162, Disper Bake 163, Disper Bake 164, Disper Bake 166, Disper Bake 170, Disper Bake 180, Disper Bake 181, Disper Bake 182, BYK300, BYK306, BYK310, BYK320, BYK330, BYK342, BYK344, BYK346 (trade name, manufactured by BYK Japan), KP-341, KP-358, KP-368, KF-96-50CS, KF -50-100CS (trade name, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), Surflon SC-101, Surflon KH-40 (trade name, manufactured by Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.), Footent 222F, Footage 251, FTX-218 (trade name, manufactured by Neos, manufactured
- the surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- composition and physical properties of composition for forming light emitting layer The content of each component in the composition for forming a light emitting layer is obtained from the good solubility, storage stability and film formability of each component in the composition for forming a light emitting layer, and the composition for forming a light emitting layer. Good film quality of the coating film, good dischargeability when using the ink jet method, and good electrical characteristics, light emission characteristics, efficiency, and lifetime of the organic EL device having a light emitting layer manufactured using the composition
- the first component is 0.0001% by weight to 2.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the light emitting layer forming composition
- the second component is based on the total weight of the light emitting layer forming composition.
- the amount is preferably 0.0999 wt% to 8.0 wt%
- the third component is preferably 90.0 wt% to 99.9 wt% with respect to the total weight of the light emitting layer forming composition.
- the first component is 0.005 wt% to 1.0 wt% with respect to the total weight of the light emitting layer forming composition
- the second component is with respect to the total weight of the light emitting layer forming composition, 0.095 wt% to 4.0 wt%
- the third component is 95.0 wt% to 99.9 wt% with respect to the total weight of the light emitting layer forming composition.
- the first component is 0.05% by weight to 0.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the light emitting layer forming composition
- the second component is based on the total weight of the light emitting layer forming composition.
- the amount of the third component is 97.0% by weight to 99.7% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition for forming a light emitting layer.
- the composition for forming a light emitting layer can be produced by appropriately selecting the above-mentioned components by stirring, mixing, heating, cooling, dissolution, dispersion, and the like by a known method. Further, after preparation, filtration, degassing (also referred to as degas), ion exchange treatment, inert gas replacement / encapsulation treatment, and the like may be selected as appropriate.
- the viscosity of the composition for forming a light emitting layer As the viscosity of the composition for forming a light emitting layer, a higher viscosity can provide better film formability and good dischargeability when an ink jet method is used. On the other hand, it is easier to make a thin film with a low viscosity. Accordingly, the viscosity of the composition for forming a light emitting layer is preferably 0.3 mPa ⁇ s to 3 mPa ⁇ s at 25 ° C., more preferably 1 mPa ⁇ s to 3 mPa ⁇ s. In the present invention, the viscosity is a value measured using a conical plate type rotational viscometer (cone plate type).
- the viscosity of the composition for forming a light emitting layer is preferably 20 mN / m to 40 mN / m, more preferably 20 mN / m to 30 mN / m, at 25 ° C.
- the surface tension is a value measured using the hanging drop method.
- the electron injection layer 107 plays a role of efficiently injecting electrons moving from the cathode 108 into the light emitting layer 105 or the electron transport layer 106.
- the electron transport layer 106 plays a role of efficiently transporting electrons injected from the cathode 108 or electrons injected from the cathode 108 through the electron injection layer 107 to the light emitting layer 105.
- the electron transport layer 106 and the electron injection layer 107 are each formed by laminating and mixing one or more electron transport / injection materials or a mixture of the electron transport / injection material and the polymer binder.
- the electron injection / transport layer is a layer that administers electrons from the cathode and further transports electrons, and it is desirable that the electron injection efficiency is high and the injected electrons are transported efficiently.
- the electron transport capability is much higher. Even if it is not high, the effect of improving the luminous efficiency is equivalent to that of a material having a high electron transport capability. Therefore, the electron injection / transport layer in this embodiment may include a function of a layer that can efficiently block the movement of holes.
- a material (electron transport material) for forming the electron transport layer 106 or the electron injection layer 107 a compound conventionally used as an electron transport compound in a photoconductive material, used for an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer of an organic EL element It can be used by arbitrarily selecting from known compounds.
- a compound comprising an aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring composed of one or more atoms selected from carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, silicon and phosphorus, It is preferable to contain at least one selected from pyrrole derivatives, condensed ring derivatives thereof, and metal complexes having electron-accepting nitrogen.
- condensed ring aromatic ring derivatives such as naphthalene and anthracene, styryl aromatic aromatic derivatives represented by 4,4′-bis (diphenylethenyl) biphenyl, perinone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, naphthalimide Derivatives, quinone derivatives such as anthraquinone and diphenoquinone, phosphorus oxide derivatives, carbazole derivatives and indole derivatives.
- metal complexes having electron-accepting nitrogen include hydroxyazole complexes such as hydroxyphenyloxazole complexes, azomethine complexes, tropolone metal complexes, flavonol metal complexes, and benzoquinoline metal complexes. These materials can be used alone or in combination with different materials.
- electron transfer compounds include pyridine derivatives, naphthalene derivatives, anthracene derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, perinone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, naphthalimide derivatives, anthraquinone derivatives, diphenoquinone derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, perylene derivatives, oxadiazoles.
- metal complexes having electron-accepting nitrogen can also be used, such as hydroxyazole complexes such as quinolinol-based metal complexes and hydroxyphenyloxazole complexes, azomethine complexes, tropolone metal complexes, flavonol metal complexes, and benzoquinoline metal complexes. Can be mentioned.
- the above-mentioned materials can be used alone, but they may be mixed with different materials.
- borane derivatives pyridine derivatives, fluoranthene derivatives, BO derivatives, anthracene derivatives, benzofluorene derivatives, phosphine oxide derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, carbazole derivatives, triazine derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, and quinolinol metals Complexes are preferred.
- the borane derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following general formula (ETM-1), and is disclosed in detail in JP-A-2007-27587.
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, substituted silyl, optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocycle, Or at least one of cyano
- each of R 13 to R 16 is independently an optionally substituted alkyl or an optionally substituted aryl
- X is an optionally substituted arylene
- Y is an optionally substituted aryl having 16 or less carbon atoms, a substituted boryl, or an optionally substituted carbazolyl
- n is each independently an integer of 0 to 3 is there.
- R 11 and R 12 each independently represent hydrogen, alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, substituted silyl, or optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocycle Or at least one of cyano
- R 13 to R 16 are each independently an optionally substituted alkyl, or an optionally substituted aryl
- R 21 and R 22 are each independently And at least one of hydrogen, alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, substituted silyl, optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocycle, or cyano
- X 1 is optionally substituted Good arylene having 20 or less carbon atoms
- each n is independently an integer of 0 to 3
- each m is independently an integer of 0 to 4.
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, substituted silyl, optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocycle , Or at least one of cyano, R 13 to R 16 are each independently an optionally substituted alkyl or an optionally substituted aryl, and X 1 is an optionally substituted Good arylene having 20 or less carbon atoms, and each n is independently an integer of 0 to 3.
- X 1 include divalent groups represented by the following formulas (X-1) to (X-9). (In each formula, each R a is independently an alkyl group or an optionally substituted phenyl group.)
- this borane derivative include the following compounds.
- This borane derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the pyridine derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-2), preferably a compound represented by the formula (ETM-2-1) or the formula (ETM-2-2).
- ⁇ is an n-valent aryl ring (preferably an n-valent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring), and n is an integer of 1 to 4 is there.
- R 11 to R 18 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbons), cycloalkyl (preferably cyclohexane having 3 to 12 carbons). Alkyl) or aryl (preferably aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms).
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms), cycloalkyl (preferably cyclohexane having 3 to 12 carbon atoms). Alkyl) or aryl (preferably aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms), and R 11 and R 12 may be bonded to form a ring.
- the “pyridine substituent” is any one of the following formulas (Py-1) to (Py-15), and each pyridine substituent is independently substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. May be.
- the pyridine-based substituent may be bonded to ⁇ , anthracene ring or fluorene ring in each formula through a phenylene group or a naphthylene group.
- the pyridine-based substituent is any one of the above formulas (Py-1) to (Py-15), and among these, any of the following formulas (Py-21) to (Py-44) It is preferable.
- At least one hydrogen in each pyridine derivative may be substituted with deuterium, and among the two “pyridine substituents” in the above formula (ETM-2-1) and formula (ETM-2-2) One of these may be replaced by aryl.
- Alkyl in R 11 to R 18 may be either linear or branched, and examples thereof include linear alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and branched alkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
- Preferred “alkyl” is alkyl having 1 to 18 carbons (branched alkyl having 3 to 18 carbons). More preferable “alkyl” is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons (branched alkyl having 3 to 12 carbons). More preferable “alkyl” is alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms). Particularly preferred “alkyl” is alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms).
- alkyl examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1 -Methylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, 1-methylheptyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2 -Propylpentyl, n-nonyl, 2,2-dimethylheptyl, 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptyl, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl, n-decyl, n-undecy
- alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms to be substituted on the pyridine-based substituent As the above description of alkyl can be cited.
- cycloalkyl in R 11 to R 18 examples include cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Preferred “cycloalkyl” is cycloalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. More preferred “cycloalkyl” is cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. More preferred “cycloalkyl” is cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Specific examples of “cycloalkyl” include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, and dimethylcyclohexyl.
- preferred aryl is aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferred aryl is aryl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and still more preferred is aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms. And particularly preferred is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms include monocyclic aryl phenyl, condensed bicyclic aryl (1-, 2-) naphthyl, condensed tricyclic aryl acenaphthylene- ( 1-, 3-, 4-, 5-) yl, fluorene- (1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 9-) yl, phenalen- (1-, 2-) yl, (1-, 2 -, 3-, 4-, 9-) phenanthryl, condensed tetracyclic aryl triphenylene- (1-, 2-) yl, pyrene- (1-, 2-, 4-) yl, naphthacene- (1- , 2-, 5-) yl, perylene- (1-, 2-, 3-) yl which is a fused pentacyclic aryl, pentacene- (1-, 2-, 5-, 6-) yl and the like. .
- aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms includes phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, chrysenyl, triphenylenyl and the like, more preferably phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl and phenanthryl, particularly preferably phenyl, 1 -Naphthyl or 2-naphthyl.
- R 11 and R 12 in the above formula (ETM-2-2) may be bonded to form a ring.
- the 5-membered ring of the fluorene skeleton includes cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene, Cyclohexane, fluorene, indene and the like may be spiro-bonded.
- pyridine derivative examples include the following compounds.
- This pyridine derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the fluoranthene derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following general formula (ETM-3), and is disclosed in detail in International Publication No. 2010/134352.
- X 12 to X 21 are hydrogen, halogen, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted Represents heteroaryl.
- fluoranthene derivative examples include the following compounds.
- the BO derivative is, for example, a polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the following formula (ETM-4) or a multimer of polycyclic aromatic compounds having a plurality of structures represented by the following formula (ETM-4).
- R 1 to R 11 are each independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, alkyl, alkoxy or aryloxy, wherein at least one hydrogen is aryl, It may be substituted with heteroaryl or alkyl.
- adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 may be bonded to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the a ring, b ring or c ring, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring May be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, alkyl, alkoxy or aryloxy, wherein at least one hydrogen is substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or alkyl May be.
- At least one hydrogen in the compound or structure represented by the formula (ETM-4) may be substituted with halogen or deuterium.
- this BO derivative include the following compounds.
- This BO derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- Anthracene derivative is a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-5-1), for example.
- Ar is each independently divalent benzene or naphthalene, and R 1 to R 4 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbons or carbon number 6 to 20 aryls.
- Ar can be independently selected as appropriate from divalent benzene or naphthalene, and the two Ar may be different or the same, but the same from the viewpoint of the ease of synthesis of the anthracene derivative. It is preferable that Ar is bonded to pyridine to form a “part consisting of Ar and pyridine”. This part is an anthracene as a group represented by any of the following formulas (Py-1) to (Py-12), for example. Is bound to.
- a group represented by any one of the above formulas (Py-1) to (Py-9) is preferable, and any one of the above formulas (Py-1) to (Py-6) may be used. More preferred are the groups
- the two “sites consisting of Ar and pyridine” bonded to anthracene may have the same structure or different structures, but are preferably the same structure from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis of the anthracene derivative. However, from the viewpoint of device characteristics, it is preferable that the structures of the two “sites composed of Ar and pyridine” are the same or different.
- the alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in R 1 to R 4 may be either a straight chain or a branched chain. That is, a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. More preferred is alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms).
- cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms in R 1 to R 4 include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, and dimethylcyclohexyl.
- the aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in R 1 to R 4 is preferably an aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include monocyclic aryl phenyl, (o-, m-, p-) tolyl, (2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- , 2,6-, 3,4-, 3,5-) xylyl, mesityl (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), (o-, m-, p-) cumenyl, bicyclic aryl (2 -, 3-, 4-) biphenylyl, (1-, 2-) naphthyl which is a condensed bicyclic aryl, terphenylyl (m-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-4) which is a tricyclic aryl '-Yl, m-terphenyl-5'-yl, o-terphenyl-3'-yl, o-terphenyl-4'-yl, p-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-2
- aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms is phenyl, biphenylyl, terphenylyl or naphthyl, more preferably phenyl, biphenylyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or m-terphenyl-5′-yl. More preferred is phenyl, biphenylyl, 1-naphthyl or 2-naphthyl, and most preferred is phenyl.
- One of the anthracene derivatives is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-5-2).
- Ar 1 is each independently a single bond, divalent benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, fluorene, or phenalene.
- Ar 2 is independently an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and the same description as “aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms” in the above formula (ETM-5-1) can be cited.
- Aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is preferred, aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferred, and aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferred.
- Specific examples include phenyl, biphenylyl, naphthyl, terphenylyl, anthracenyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, tetracenyl, perylenyl and the like.
- R 1 to R 4 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbons or aryl having 6 to 20 carbons, and the above formula (ETM-5-1) The explanation in can be cited.
- anthracene derivatives include the following compounds.
- anthracene derivatives can be produced using known raw materials and known synthesis methods.
- the benzofluorene derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-6).
- Ar 1 is independently an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and the same description as “aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms” in the above formula (ETM-5-1) can be cited.
- Aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is preferred, aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferred, and aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferred.
- Specific examples include phenyl, biphenylyl, naphthyl, terphenylyl, anthracenyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, tetracenyl, perylenyl and the like.
- Ar 2 is independently hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms), cycloalkyl (preferably cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms) or aryl (preferably aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms). And two Ar 2 may be bonded to form a ring.
- alkyl for Ar 2, may be linear or branched, for example, branched alkyl, straight-chain alkyl or 3 to 24 carbon atoms having 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
- Preferred “alkyl” is alkyl having 1 to 18 carbons (branched alkyl having 3 to 18 carbons). More preferable “alkyl” is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons (branched alkyl having 3 to 12 carbons). More preferable “alkyl” is alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms). Particularly preferred “alkyl” is alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (branched alkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms).
- alkyl examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1 -Methylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl and the like.
- Cycloalkyl in Ar 2, for example, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Preferred “cycloalkyl” is cycloalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. More preferred “cycloalkyl” is cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. More preferred “cycloalkyl” is cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of “cycloalkyl” include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, and dimethylcyclohexyl.
- aryl in Ar 2 , preferred aryl is aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferred aryl is aryl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, still more preferred is aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, Preferred is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms include phenyl, naphthyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, naphthacenyl, perylenyl, pentacenyl and the like.
- Two Ar 2 may be bonded to form a ring.
- cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene, cyclohexane, fluorene, or indene is spiro-bonded to the 5-membered ring of the fluorene skeleton. May be.
- benzofluorene derivative examples include the following compounds.
- This benzofluorene derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the phosphine oxide derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-7-1). Details are also described in International Publication No. 2013/079217.
- R 5 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 20 carbons, aryl having 6 to 20 carbons or heteroaryl having 5 to 20 carbons;
- R 6 is CN, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, heteroalkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, heteroaryl having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to carbon atoms 20 alkoxy or aryloxy having 6 to 20 carbon atoms,
- R 7 and R 8 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or heteroaryl having 5 to 20 carbon atoms;
- R 9 is oxygen or sulfur;
- j is 0 or 1
- k is 0 or 1
- r is an integer
- the phosphine oxide derivative may be, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-7-2).
- R 1 to R 3 may be the same or different and are hydrogen, alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aralkyl group, alkenyl group, cycloalkenyl group, alkynyl group, alkoxy group, alkylthio group, aryl ether group, aryl thioether group , Aryl group, heterocyclic group, halogen, cyano group, aldehyde group, carbonyl group, carboxyl group, amino group, nitro group, silyl group, and a condensed ring formed between adjacent substituents.
- Ar 1 may be the same or different and is an arylene group or a heteroarylene group
- Ar 2 may be the same or different and is an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.
- at least one of Ar 1 and Ar 2 has a substituent, or forms a condensed ring with an adjacent substituent.
- n is an integer of 0 to 3. When n is 0, there is no unsaturated structure, and when n is 3, R 1 does not exist.
- the alkyl group represents, for example, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a butyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the substituent in the case of being substituted is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an alkyl group, an aryl group, and a heterocyclic group, and this point is common to the following description.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 1 to 20 from the viewpoint of availability and cost.
- cycloalkyl group represents a saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, norbornyl, adamantyl and the like, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group moiety is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 3-20.
- the aralkyl group refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon group via an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as a benzyl group or a phenylethyl group, and both the aliphatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon are unsubstituted or substituted. It doesn't matter.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic moiety is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 1-20.
- the alkenyl group refers to an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a double bond such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, or a butadienyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 2-20.
- the cycloalkenyl group refers to an unsaturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group containing a double bond such as a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclopentadienyl group, or a cyclohexene group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. It doesn't matter.
- the alkynyl group represents an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a triple bond such as an acetylenyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkynyl group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 2-20.
- the alkoxy group represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group via an ether bond such as a methoxy group, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 1-20.
- the alkylthio group is a group in which an oxygen atom of an ether bond of an alkoxy group is substituted with a sulfur atom.
- aryl ether group refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon group via an ether bond such as a phenoxy group, and the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of the aryl ether group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 6 to 40.
- the aryl thioether group is a group in which the oxygen atom of the ether bond of the aryl ether group is substituted with a sulfur atom.
- the aryl group represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, a phenanthryl group, a terphenyl group, or a pyrenyl group.
- the aryl group may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of the aryl group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 6 to 40.
- the heterocyclic group refers to, for example, a cyclic structural group having an atom other than carbon, such as a furanyl group, a thiophenyl group, an oxazolyl group, a pyridyl group, a quinolinyl group, or a carbazolyl group, which is unsubstituted or substituted. It doesn't matter.
- the number of carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 2-30.
- Halogen means fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- aldehyde group, carbonyl group, and amino group can also include groups substituted with aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic rings, and the like.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon, alicyclic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, and heterocyclic ring may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the silyl group refers to, for example, a silicon compound group such as a trimethylsilyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the carbon number of the silyl group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 3-20.
- the number of silicon is usually 1-6.
- the condensed ring formed between adjacent substituents includes, for example, Ar 1 and R 2 , Ar 1 and R 3 , Ar 2 and R 2 , Ar 2 and R 3 , R 2 and R 3 , Ar 1 and A conjugated or non-conjugated fused ring formed between Ar 2 and the like.
- n when n is 1, it may be formed conjugated or non-conjugated fused ring with two of R 1 each other.
- These condensed rings may contain a nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom in the ring structure, or may be further condensed with another ring.
- phosphine oxide derivative examples include the following compounds.
- This phosphine oxide derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the pyrimidine derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-8), and preferably a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-8-1). Details are also described in International Publication No. 2011/021689.
- Ar is each independently an optionally substituted aryl or an optionally substituted heteroaryl.
- n is an integer of 1 to 4, preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 2 or 3.
- aryl in “optionally substituted aryl” include aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably aryl having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, More preferred is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryl include monocyclic aryl phenyl, bicyclic aryl (2-, 3-, 4-) biphenylyl, condensed bicyclic aryl (1-, 2-) naphthyl.
- Terphenylyl which is a tricyclic aryl (m-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-4'-yl, m-terphenyl-5'-yl, o-terphenyl-3'-yl, o -Terphenyl-4'-yl, p-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, o-terphenyl -2-yl, o-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, p-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terpheny
- Heteroaryl of “optionally substituted heteroaryl” includes, for example, heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Aryl is more preferred, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbons is more preferred, and heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbons is particularly preferred. Examples of the heteroaryl include heterocycles containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring constituent atoms.
- heteroaryl examples include furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, furazanyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, Isobenzofuranyl, benzo [b] thienyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, 1H-indazolyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 1H-benzotriazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolyl, quinazolyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthy
- the aryl and heteroaryl may be substituted, and may be substituted with, for example, the aryl or heteroaryl.
- this pyrimidine derivative include the following compounds.
- This pyrimidine derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the carbazole derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-9) or a multimer in which a plurality of such carbazole derivatives are bonded by a single bond or the like. Details are described in US Publication No. 2014/0197386.
- Ar is each independently an optionally substituted aryl or an optionally substituted heteroaryl.
- n is independently an integer of 0 to 4, preferably an integer of 0 to 3, and more preferably 0 or 1.
- aryl in “optionally substituted aryl” include aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably aryl having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, More preferred is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryl include monocyclic aryl phenyl, bicyclic aryl (2-, 3-, 4-) biphenylyl, condensed bicyclic aryl (1-, 2-) naphthyl.
- Terphenylyl which is a tricyclic aryl (m-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-4'-yl, m-terphenyl-5'-yl, o-terphenyl-3'-yl, o -Terphenyl-4'-yl, p-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, o-terphenyl -2-yl, o-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, p-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terpheny
- Heteroaryl of “optionally substituted heteroaryl” includes, for example, heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Aryl is more preferred, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbons is more preferred, and heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbons is particularly preferred. Examples of the heteroaryl include heterocycles containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring constituent atoms.
- heteroaryl examples include furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, furazanyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, Isobenzofuranyl, benzo [b] thienyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, 1H-indazolyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 1H-benzotriazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolyl, quinazolyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthy
- the aryl and heteroaryl may be substituted, and may be substituted with, for example, the aryl or heteroaryl.
- the carbazole derivative may be a multimer in which a plurality of compounds represented by the above formula (ETM-9) are bonded by a single bond or the like.
- an aryl ring preferably a polyvalent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring
- an aryl ring preferably a polyvalent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring
- carbazole derivative examples include the following compounds.
- This carbazole derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the triazine derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-10), and preferably a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-10-1). Details are described in US Publication No. 2011/0156013.
- Ar is each independently an optionally substituted aryl or an optionally substituted heteroaryl.
- n is an integer of 1 to 4, preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 2 or 3.
- aryl in “optionally substituted aryl” include aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably aryl having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, More preferred is aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryl include monocyclic aryl phenyl, bicyclic aryl (2-, 3-, 4-) biphenylyl, condensed bicyclic aryl (1-, 2-) naphthyl.
- Terphenylyl which is a tricyclic aryl (m-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-4'-yl, m-terphenyl-5'-yl, o-terphenyl-3'-yl, o -Terphenyl-4'-yl, p-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, o-terphenyl -2-yl, o-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, p-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terpheny
- Heteroaryl of “optionally substituted heteroaryl” includes, for example, heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Aryl is more preferred, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbons is more preferred, and heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbons is particularly preferred. Examples of the heteroaryl include heterocycles containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring constituent atoms.
- heteroaryl examples include furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, furazanyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, Isobenzofuranyl, benzo [b] thienyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, 1H-indazolyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 1H-benzotriazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolyl, quinazolyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthy
- the aryl and heteroaryl may be substituted, and may be substituted with, for example, the aryl or heteroaryl.
- triazine derivative examples include the following compounds.
- This triazine derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the benzimidazole derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-11).
- ⁇ is an n-valent aryl ring (preferably an n-valent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring), and n is an integer of 1 to 4
- the “benzimidazole substituent” means that the pyridyl group in the “pyridine substituent” in the above formula (ETM-2), formula (ETM-2-1) and formula (ETM-2-2) is benzo It is a substituent substituted with an imidazole group, and at least one hydrogen in the benzimidazole derivative may be substituted with deuterium.
- R 11 in the benzimidazole group is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and the above formula (ETM-2-1) and the formula ( The description of R 11 in ETM-2-2) can be cited.
- ⁇ is preferably an anthracene ring or a fluorene ring, and the structure in this case can be referred to the description in the above formula (ETM-2-1) or formula (ETM-2-2), In the formula, R 11 to R 18 can be referred to the description of the above formula (ETM-2-1) or formula (ETM-2-2). Further, in the above formula (ETM-2-1) or formula (ETM-2-2), it is explained in a form in which two pyridine-based substituents are bonded.
- this benzimidazole derivative include, for example, 1-phenyl-2- (4- (10-phenylanthracen-9-yl) phenyl) -1H-benzo [d] imidazole, 2- (4- (10- ( Naphthalen-2-yl) anthracen-9-yl) phenyl) -1-phenyl-1H-benzo [d] imidazole, 2- (3- (10- (naphthalen-2-yl) anthracen-9-yl) phenyl) -1-phenyl-1H-benzo [d] imidazole, 5- (10- (naphthalen-2-yl) anthracen-9-yl) -1,2-diphenyl-1H-benzo [d] imidazole, 1- (4 -(10- (naphthalen-2-yl) anthracen-9-yl) phenyl) -2-phenyl-1H-benzo [d] imidazole, 2- (4- (9,10 Di (naphthalen-2
- This benzimidazole derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the phenanthroline derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-12) or formula (ETM-12-1). Details are described in International Publication No. 2006/021982.
- ⁇ is an n-valent aryl ring (preferably an n-valent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring), and n is an integer of 1 to 4 is there.
- R 11 to R 18 in each formula are independently hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms), cycloalkyl (preferably cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms) or aryl (preferably carbon (Aryl of formula 6 to 30).
- alkyl preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms
- cycloalkyl preferably cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- aryl preferably carbon (Aryl of formula 6 to 30).
- any of R 11 to R 18 is bonded to ⁇ which is an aryl ring.
- At least one hydrogen in each phenanthroline derivative may be replaced with deuterium.
- Alkyl in R 11 ⁇ R 18, cycloalkyl and aryl may be cited to the description of R 11 ⁇ R 18 in the formula (ETM-2).
- ⁇ includes the following structural formula, for example.
- each R is independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, biphenylyl or terphenylyl.
- this phenanthroline derivative include, for example, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 9,10-di (1,10- Phenanthroline-2-yl) anthracene, 2,6-di (1,10-phenanthroline-5-yl) pyridine, 1,3,5-tri (1,10-phenanthroline-5-yl) benzene, 9,9 ′ -Difluoro-bis (1,10-phenanthroline-5-yl), bathocuproin, 1,3-bis (2-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline-9-yl) benzene and the like.
- This phenanthroline derivative can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the quinolinol-based metal complex is, for example, a compound represented by the following general formula (ETM-13).
- R 1 to R 6 are hydrogen or a substituent
- M is Li, Al, Ga, Be or Zn
- n is an integer of 1 to 3.
- quinolinol metal complexes include 8-quinolinol lithium, tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum, tris (4-methyl-8-quinolinolato) aluminum, tris (5-methyl-8-quinolinolato) aluminum, tris (3 , 4-dimethyl-8-quinolinolato) aluminum, tris (4,5-dimethyl-8-quinolinolato) aluminum, tris (4,6-dimethyl-8-quinolinolato) aluminum, bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) ( Phenolate) aluminum, bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (2-methylphenolate) aluminum, bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (3-methylphenolato) aluminum, bis (2-methyl-8- Quinolinolato) (4- Tylphenolate) aluminum, bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (2-phenylphenolate) aluminum, bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (3-phenylphenolate)
- This quinolinol-based metal complex can be produced using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the thiazole derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-14-1).
- the benzothiazole derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-14-2).
- ⁇ in each formula is an n-valent aryl ring (preferably an n-valent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring), and n is 1 to 4
- the “thiazole-based substituent” and “benzothiazole-based substituent” are “pyridine-based” in the above formula (ETM-2), formula (ETM-2-1) and formula (ETM-2-2).
- the pyridyl group in the “substituent” is a substituent in which a thiazole group or a benzothiazole group is substituted, and at least one hydrogen in the thiazole derivative and the benzothiazole derivative may be substituted with deuterium.
- ⁇ is preferably an anthracene ring or a fluorene ring, and the structure in this case can be referred to the description in the above formula (ETM-2-1) or formula (ETM-2-2), In the formula, R 11 to R 18 can be referred to the description of the above formula (ETM-2-1) or formula (ETM-2-2). Further, in the above formula (ETM-2-1) or formula (ETM-2-2), it is described in the form of two pyridine-based substituents bonded to each other, but these are represented by thiazole-based substituents (or benzothiazole-based substituents).
- at least one of R 11 to R 18 in the above formula (ETM-2-1) is replaced with a thiazole substituent (or benzothiazole substituent) to replace the “pyridine substituent” with R 11 to R 18. May be replaced.
- thiazole derivatives or benzothiazole derivatives can be produced using known raw materials and known synthesis methods.
- the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer may further contain a substance capable of reducing the material forming the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer.
- a substance capable of reducing the material forming the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer various substances can be used as long as they have a certain reducing ability.
- alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal oxides, alkali metal halides, alkalis From the group consisting of earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal halides, rare earth metal oxides, rare earth metal halides, alkali metal organic complexes, alkaline earth metal organic complexes and rare earth metal organic complexes At least one selected can be suitably used.
- Preferred reducing substances include alkali metals such as Na (work function 2.36 eV), K (2.28 eV), Rb (2.16 eV) or Cs (1.95 eV), and Ca (2. 9eV), Sr (2.0 to 2.5 eV) or Ba (2.52 eV), and alkaline earth metals such as those having a work function of 2.9 eV or less are particularly preferable.
- a more preferable reducing substance is an alkali metal of K, Rb or Cs, more preferably Rb or Cs, and most preferably Cs.
- alkali metals have particularly high reducing ability, and by adding a relatively small amount to the material forming the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer, the luminance of the organic EL element can be improved and the lifetime can be extended.
- a reducing substance having a work function of 2.9 eV or less a combination of two or more alkali metals is also preferable.
- a combination containing Cs such as Cs and Na, Cs and K, Cs and Rb, or A combination of Cs, Na and K is preferred.
- Cs such as Cs and Na, Cs and K, Cs and Rb, or A combination of Cs, Na and K is preferred.
- the cathode 108 plays a role of injecting electrons into the light emitting layer 105 through the electron injection layer 107 and the electron transport layer 106.
- the material for forming the cathode 108 is not particularly limited as long as it can efficiently inject electrons into the organic layer, but the same material as the material for forming the anode 102 can be used.
- metals such as tin, indium, calcium, aluminum, silver, copper, nickel, chromium, gold, platinum, iron, zinc, lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium and magnesium or alloys thereof (magnesium-silver alloy, magnesium -Indium alloys, aluminum-lithium alloys such as lithium fluoride / aluminum, etc.) are preferred.
- Lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, calcium, magnesium, or alloys containing these low work function metals are effective for increasing the electron injection efficiency and improving device characteristics.
- metals such as platinum, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum and indium, or alloys using these metals, and inorganic materials such as silica, titania and silicon nitride, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl chloride Lamination of hydrocarbon polymer compounds and the like is a preferred example.
- the method for producing these electrodes is not particularly limited as long as conduction can be achieved, such as resistance heating, electron beam evaporation, sputtering, ion plating, and coating.
- the materials used for the hole injection layer, hole transport layer, light emitting layer, electron transport layer and electron injection layer can form each layer alone, but as a polymer binder, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, Polystyrene, poly (N-vinylcarbazole), polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyester, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polybutadiene, hydrocarbon resin, ketone resin, phenoxy resin, polyamide, ethyl cellulose, vinyl acetate resin, ABS resin, polyurethane resin It can also be used by dispersing it in solvent-soluble resins such as phenol resins, xylene resins, petroleum resins, urea resins, melamine resins, unsaturated polyester resins, alkyd resins, epoxy resins, silicone resins, etc. is there.
- solvent-soluble resins such as phenol resins, xylene resins, petroleum resins, urea resins, melamine resins,
- Each layer constituting the organic electroluminescent element is formed by a method such as vapor deposition, resistance heating vapor deposition, electron beam vapor deposition, sputtering, molecular lamination method, printing method, spin coating method or cast method, coating method, etc. It can be formed by using a thin film.
- the film thickness of each layer thus formed is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set according to the properties of the material, but is usually in the range of 2 nm to 5000 nm. The film thickness can usually be measured with a crystal oscillation type film thickness measuring device or the like.
- the vapor deposition conditions vary depending on the type of material, the target crystal structure and association structure of the film, and the like.
- the deposition conditions are generally as follows: heating temperature of the deposition crucible +50 to + 400 ° C., vacuum 10 ⁇ 6 to 10 ⁇ 3 Pa, deposition rate 0.01 to 50 nm / second, substrate temperature ⁇ 150 to + 300 ° C., film thickness 2 nm It is preferable to set appropriately in the range of ⁇ 5 ⁇ m.
- an organic electric field composed of an anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / a light emitting layer composed of a host material and a dopant material / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode.
- a method for manufacturing a light-emitting element will be described.
- a thin film of an anode material is formed on a suitable substrate by vapor deposition or the like to produce an anode, and then a thin film of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer is formed on the anode.
- a host material and a dopant material are co-evaporated to form a thin film to form a light emitting layer.
- An electron transport layer and an electron injection layer are formed on the light emitting layer, and a thin film made of a cathode material is formed by vapor deposition. By forming it as a cathode, a desired organic electroluminescent element can be obtained.
- the order of preparation may be reversed, and the cathode, electron injection layer, electron transport layer, light emitting layer, hole transport layer, hole injection layer, and anode may be fabricated in this order. Is possible.
- composition for light emitting layer formation it forms into a film by using a wet film-forming method.
- a coating film is formed through an application step of applying a light emitting layer forming composition to a substrate and a drying step of removing a solvent from the applied light emitting layer forming composition.
- the spin coater is used as a spin coat method
- the slit coater is used as a slit coat method, gravure using a plate, offset, reverse offset, flexographic printing method, and the method using an ink jet printer as an ink jet method or mist.
- the spraying method is called the spray method.
- the drying process include air drying, heating, and drying under reduced pressure.
- the drying step may be performed only once, or may be performed a plurality of times using different methods and conditions. Further, for example, different methods may be used together, such as firing under reduced pressure.
- the wet film forming method is a film forming method using a solution, for example, a partial printing method (ink jet method), a spin coating method or a casting method, a coating method, or the like.
- a solution for example, a partial printing method (ink jet method), a spin coating method or a casting method, a coating method, or the like.
- the wet film formation method does not require the use of an expensive vacuum vapor deposition apparatus and can form a film at atmospheric pressure.
- the wet film-forming method enables large area and continuous production, leading to reduction in manufacturing cost.
- the wet film formation method is difficult to stack.
- orthogonal solvent Orthogonal solvent, which dissolves each other
- a method is employed in which only a few layers are formed using a wet film forming method, and the rest are formed using a vacuum vapor deposition method.
- a laser heating drawing method can be used for forming the light emitting layer forming composition into a film.
- LITI is a method in which a compound attached to a base material is heated and vapor-deposited with a laser, and a composition for forming a light emitting layer can be used as a material applied to the base material.
- ⁇ Arbitrary process> Appropriate treatment steps, washing steps, and drying steps may be appropriately added before and after each step of film formation.
- the treatment process include exposure treatment, plasma surface treatment, ultrasonic treatment, ozone treatment, cleaning treatment using an appropriate solvent, and heat treatment.
- a series of steps for producing a bank is also included.
- Photolithography technology can be used for the production of the bank.
- a bank material that can be used for photolithography a positive resist material and a negative resist material can be used.
- a patternable printing method such as an inkjet method, gravure offset printing, reverse offset printing, or screen printing can also be used.
- a permanent resist material can be used.
- Materials used for the bank include polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, homopolymers and copolymers of hydroxyl-containing ethylenic monomers, biopolymer compounds, polyacryloyl compounds, polyesters, polystyrenes, polyimides, polyamideimides, polyetherimides , Polysulfide, polysulfone, polyphenylene, polyphenyl ether, polyurethane, epoxy (meth) acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, polyolefin, cyclic polyolefin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), silicone resin, polyvinyl chloride, chlorine Polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, polyacetate, polynorbornene, synthetic rubber, polyfluorovinylidene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyhexa Le Oro propylene fluoride such as polymers, fluoroolefin - hydrocarbonoxy ole
- an organic EL element on a substrate having a bank using an inkjet method.
- the bank (200) is provided on the electrode (120) on the substrate (110).
- an ink droplet (310) is dropped between the banks (200) from the inkjet head (300) and dried to produce the coating film (130). This process is repeated until the next coating film (140) and further the light emitting layer (150) are prepared, and the electron transport layer, the electron injection layer, and the electrode are formed using the vacuum deposition method.
- An organic EL element can be produced.
- the anode When a DC voltage is applied to the organic electroluminescent device thus obtained, the anode may be applied with a positive polarity and the cathode with a negative polarity. When a voltage of about 2 to 40 V is applied, the organic electroluminescent device is transparent or translucent. Luminescence can be observed from the electrode side (anode or cathode, and both). The organic electroluminescence device emits light when a pulse current or an alternating current is applied. The alternating current waveform to be applied may be arbitrary.
- the present invention can also be applied to a display device provided with an organic electroluminescent element or a lighting device provided with an organic electroluminescent element.
- a display device or an illuminating device including an organic electroluminescent element can be manufactured by a known method such as connecting the organic electroluminescent element according to the present embodiment and a known driving device, such as direct current driving, pulse driving, or alternating current. It can be driven by appropriately using a known driving method such as driving.
- Examples of the display device include a panel display such as a color flat panel display, and a flexible display such as a flexible color organic electroluminescence (EL) display (for example, JP-A-10-335066 and JP-A-2003-321546). Gazette, JP-A-2004-281086, etc.).
- Examples of the display method of the display include a matrix and / or segment method. Note that the matrix display and the segment display may coexist in the same panel.
- pixels for display are two-dimensionally arranged such as a grid or mosaic, and characters and images are displayed with a set of pixels.
- the shape and size of the pixel are determined by the application. For example, a square pixel with a side of 300 ⁇ m or less is usually used for displaying images and characters on a personal computer, monitor, TV, and a pixel with a side of mm order for a large display such as a display panel. become.
- monochrome display pixels of the same color may be arranged. However, in color display, red, green, and blue pixels are displayed side by side. In this case, there are typically a delta type and a stripe type.
- the matrix driving method may be either a line sequential driving method or an active matrix.
- the line-sequential driving has an advantage that the structure is simple. However, the active matrix may be superior in consideration of the operation characteristics, so that it is necessary to properly use it depending on the application.
- a pattern is formed so as to display predetermined information, and a predetermined region is caused to emit light.
- a predetermined region is caused to emit light.
- the time and temperature display in a digital clock or a thermometer the operation state display of an audio device or an electromagnetic cooker, the panel display of an automobile, etc.
- the illuminating device examples include an illuminating device such as a room illuminator, a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, and the like (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2003-257621, 2003-277741, and 2004-119211). Etc.)
- the backlight is used mainly for the purpose of improving the visibility of a display device that does not emit light, and is used for a liquid crystal display device, a clock, an audio device, an automobile panel, a display panel, a sign, and the like.
- this embodiment As a backlight for a liquid crystal display device, especially a personal computer application where thinning is an issue, considering that it is difficult to thin the conventional method because it is made of a fluorescent lamp or a light guide plate, this embodiment
- the backlight using the light emitting element according to the present invention is thin and lightweight.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention can be used for production of an organic field effect transistor or an organic thin film solar cell in addition to the organic electroluminescent element described above.
- An organic field effect transistor is a transistor that controls current by an electric field generated by voltage input, and includes a gate electrode in addition to a source electrode and a drain electrode. When a voltage is applied to the gate electrode, an electric field is generated, and the current can be controlled by arbitrarily blocking the flow of electrons (or holes) flowing between the source electrode and the drain electrode.
- Field effect transistors are easier to miniaturize than simple transistors (bipolar transistors), and are often used as elements constituting integrated circuits and the like.
- the structure of the organic field effect transistor is usually provided with a source electrode and a drain electrode in contact with the organic semiconductor active layer formed using the polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention, and further in contact with the organic semiconductor active layer.
- the gate electrode may be provided with the insulating layer (dielectric layer) interposed therebetween. Examples of the element structure include the following structures.
- Substrate / gate electrode / insulator layer / source electrode / drain electrode / organic semiconductor active layer (2) Substrate / gate electrode / insulator layer / organic semiconductor active layer / source electrode / drain electrode (3) substrate / organic Semiconductor active layer / source electrode / drain electrode / insulator layer / gate electrode (4) substrate / source electrode / drain electrode / organic semiconductor active layer / insulator layer / gate electrode It can be applied as a pixel driving switching element for an active matrix driving type liquid crystal display or an organic electroluminescence display.
- Organic thin-film solar cells have a structure in which an anode such as ITO, a hole transport layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode are laminated on a transparent substrate such as glass.
- the photoelectric conversion layer has a p-type semiconductor layer on the anode side and an n-type semiconductor layer on the cathode side.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention can be used as a material for a hole transport layer, a p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer, and an electron transport layer, depending on its physical properties.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention can function as a hole transport material or an electron transport material in an organic thin film solar cell.
- the organic thin film solar cell may appropriately include a hole block layer, an electron block layer, an electron injection layer, a hole injection layer, a smoothing layer, and the like.
- known materials used for the organic thin film solar cell can be appropriately selected and used in combination.
- reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered using silica gel (eluent: toluene), and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product. After the obtained crude product was dissolved in toluene, an appropriate amount was distilled off under reduced pressure, and hexane was added for reprecipitation, whereby N 1 , N 3 -diphenylbenzene-1,3-diamine (16.5 g, Yield 60%) was obtained as a white solid.
- the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered using silica gel (eluent: toluene), and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product.
- the obtained crude product is dissolved in toluene and then distilled off under reduced pressure to prepare a saturated solution, and hexane is added to cause reprecipitation, whereby 5-chloro-N 1 , N 1 , N 3 , N 3 -Tetraphenylbenzene-1,3-diamine (5.66 g, 43% yield) was obtained as a white solid.
- N 1 , N 1 ′-(1,3-phenylene) bis N 1 , N 3 , N 3 , N 5 , N 5 -pentaphenylbenzene-1,3,5-triamine (3.24 g, 3.0 mmol)
- orthodichlorobenzene 400 ml
- boron tribromide (1.13 ml, 12 mmol) was added at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere, and after completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was heated to 180 ° C. and stirred for 20 hours.
- reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered using silica gel (eluent: toluene), and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product.
- silica gel eluent: toluene
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product.
- 5,5 ′-(1,3-phenylenebis (oxy)) bis N 1 , N 1 , N 3 , N 3 -tetraphenylbenzene-1, 3-Diamine (11.2 g, 86% yield) was obtained as a white solid.
- reaction solution was filtered using silica gel (eluent: toluene), and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product.
- the obtained crude product was washed with methanol and hexane in this order to give 5-chloro-N 1 , N 1 , N 3 , N 3 -tetraparatolylbenzene-1,3-diamine (21.7 g, yield). 86%) was obtained as a white solid.
- N 1 , N 3 -diparatolylbenzene-1,3-diamine (3.1 g, 11 mmol) synthesized in the first stage, 5-chloro-N 1 , N 1 , synthesized in the second stage, N 3 , N 3 -tetraparatolylbenzene-1,3-diamine (11.2 g, 22 mmol), Pd 2 (dba) 3 (0.503 g, 0.55 mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.223 g) 1.1 mmol), NaOtBu (3.20 g, 33 mmol) and toluene (300 ml) were heated to 110 ° C.
- N 1 , N 1 '-(1,3-phenylene) bis (N 1 , N 3 , N 3 , N 5 , N 5 -pentaparatolylbenzene-1,3,5-triamine (0.661 g, 0. 5 mmol) and orthodichlorobenzene (10 ml) were added with boron tribromide (0.819 ml, 2.0 mmol) at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred for 24 hours, then cooled again to room temperature, N, N-diisopropylethylamine (1.28 ml, 7.5 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred until the exotherm had subsided.
- reaction solution was filtered using silica gel (eluent: toluene), and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 3-chloro-5-phenoxy-N, N-diphenylaniline (8.30 g, yield 83%). Obtained as a white solid.
- N 1 , N 3 -diphenylbenzene-1,3-diamine (1.56 g, 6.0 mmol), 3-chloro-5-phenoxy-N, N-diphenylaniline (4.69 g, 13 mmol)
- a flask containing Pd 2 (dba) 3 (0.110 g, 0.12 mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphine (49.0 mg, 0.24 mmol), NaOtBu (1.44 g, 15 mmol) and toluene (200 ml) was added. Heat to 110 ° C. and stir for 18 hours.
- N 1 , N 1 ′-(1,3-phenylene) bis (5-phenoxy-N 1 , N 3 , N 3 -triphenylbenzene-1,3-diamine (0.559 g, 0.60 mmol) and orthodi Boron tribromide (0.227 ml, 2.4 mmol) was added to a flask containing chlorobenzene (10 ml) at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere, and after completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was heated to 180 ° C. and stirred for 24 hours.
- reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered using a Florisil short pass column (eluent: toluene), and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product.
- the obtained crude product was washed with methanol to give 5- (3-chlorophenoxy) N 1 , N 1 , N 3 , N 3 -tetraphenylbenzene-1,3-diamine (12.6 g, yield) 83%) was obtained as a white solid.
- the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered using a Florisil short pass column (eluent: toluene), and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product.
- the obtained crude product was washed with hexane and methanol in this order to obtain N 1 , N 1 , N 3 , N 3 -tetraphenyl 5- (3- (phenylamino) phenoxy) benzene-1,3-diamine. (9.49 g, 89% yield) was obtained as a white solid.
- N 1- (3- (3,5-bis) diphenylamino) phenoxy) phenol- (N 1 , N 3 , N 3 , N 5 , N 5 -pentaphenylbenzene-1,3,5-triamine (1. (05 g, 1.0 mmol) and chlorobenzene (50 ml) were added with boron tribromide (0.569 ml, 6.0 mmol) at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the reaction solution was then cooled to room temperature, N-diisopropylethylamine (3.13 ml, 18 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred until the exotherm subsided, and then the reaction solution was distilled off at 60 ° C. under reduced pressure.
- the crude product was washed with heptane to obtain compound (1-2001) (0.251 g, yield 24%).
- Synthesis example (6) Compound (1-31): 2,18-dimethyl-N 7 , N 7 , N 13 , N 13 , 9,11-hexaparatolyl-5,9,11,15-tetrahydro-5,9,11,15 Synthesis of tetraaza-19b, 20b-diborazinaphtho [3,2,1-de: 1 ′, 2 ′, 3′-jk] pentacene-7,13-diamine
- N 1 , N 3 -diphenylbenzene-1,3-diamine (4.22 g, 16 mmol), 5-chloro-N 1 , N 1 , N 3 , N 3 -tetrametatolylbenzene-1,3
- a flask containing diamine (21.5 g, 43 mmol), Pd-132 (0.12 g, 0.17 mmol), NaOtBu (3.89 g, 40 mmol) and toluene (80 ml) was heated to 110 ° C. and stirred for 2 hours did. After stopping the reaction by adding water, extraction was performed using toluene.
- the crude product obtained by distilling off the solvent was purified using a silica gel column (eluent: toluene), and the resulting crude product was reprecipitated with heptane, so that N 1 , N 1 ′-(1 , 3-phenylene) bis (N 1 -phenyl-N 3 , N 3 , N 5 , N 5 -tetrametatolylbenzene-1,3,5-triamine (19.9 g, 80% yield) as a white solid Obtained.
- the evaluation target compound When evaluating the absorption characteristics and light emission characteristics (fluorescence and phosphorescence) of a sample evaluation target compound, the evaluation target compound may be dissolved in a solvent and evaluated in a solvent or in a thin film state. Furthermore, when evaluating in a thin film state, depending on the mode of use of the compound to be evaluated in the organic EL device, only the compound to be evaluated is thinned and the compound to be evaluated is dispersed in an appropriate matrix material. In some cases, the film thickness may be evaluated.
- the matrix material commercially available PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) or the like can be used.
- the thin film sample dispersed in PMMA is prepared by, for example, dissolving PMMA and a compound to be evaluated in toluene and then forming a thin film on a quartz transparent support substrate (10 mm ⁇ 10 mm) by spin coating. Can do.
- a method for manufacturing a thin film sample when the matrix material is a host material is described below.
- a quartz transparent support substrate (10 mm x 10 mm x 1.0 mm) is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vapor deposition apparatus (made by Showa Vacuum Co., Ltd.), a molybdenum vapor deposition boat containing a host material, and a dopant material Equipped with a molybdenum evaporation boat.
- the vacuum chamber is depressurized to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa, and the vapor deposition boat containing the host material and the vapor deposition boat containing the dopant material are heated at the same time so as to have an appropriate film thickness.
- a mixed thin film of material and dopant material is formed.
- the deposition rate is controlled according to the set weight ratio of the host material and the dopant material.
- the absorption spectrum of the sample was measured using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation, UV-2600).
- the fluorescence spectrum or phosphorescence spectrum of the sample was measured using a spectrofluorometer (manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Co., Ltd., F-7000).
- the fluorescence quantum yield is measured using an absolute PL quantum yield measuring apparatus (C9920-02G, manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics Co., Ltd.).
- Fluorescence lifetime (delayed fluorescence) Evaluation fluorescence lifetime measurement apparatus (Hamamatsu Photonics KK, C11367-01) of the fluorescence lifetime is measured at 300K with. Observe the fast and slow fluorescence lifetime components at the maximum emission wavelength measured at the appropriate excitation wavelength.
- a fluorescence lifetime measurement of a general organic EL material that emits fluorescence at room temperature a slow component involving a triplet component derived from phosphorescence is hardly observed due to the deactivation of a triplet component due to heat. . When a slow component is observed in the compound to be evaluated, this indicates that triplet energy having a long excitation lifetime is transferred to singlet energy by thermal activation and observed as delayed fluorescence.
- E S singlet excitation energy
- E T Triplet excitation energy
- ⁇ EST E S ⁇ E T which is an energy difference between E S and E T.
- ⁇ EST is, for example, “Purely organic electroluminescent material realizing 100% conversion from electricity to light”, H. Kaji, H. Suzuki, T. Fukushima, K. Shizu, K. Katsuaki, S. Kubo, T. Komino, It can also be calculated by the method described in H. Oiwa, F. Suzuki, A. Wakamiya, Y. Murata, C. Adachi, Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 8476.
- Luminescent characteristics For the measurement of the fluorescence spectrum, a thin film-formed substrate (made of quartz) in which the compound (1-1) was dispersed in PMMA at a concentration of 1% by weight was prepared, and the photoluminescence was measured by excitation at an excitation wavelength of 340 nm (FIG. 2). . As a result, the maximum emission wavelength was 467 nm. From this, E S is calculated to be 2.66 eV. Further, the same substrate was prepared, and the fluorescence quantum yield was measured by exciting at an excitation wavelength of 340 nm. As a result, the value was as high as 92%.
- the phosphorescence spectrum was measured by preparing a thin film-formed substrate (made of quartz) in which the compound (1-1) was dispersed in PMMA at a concentration of 1% by weight, and measuring photoluminescence by exciting at an excitation wavelength of 340 nm (FIG. 2). . As a result, the maximum emission wavelength was 470 nm. From this, E T was found to exhibit 2.64eV next, higher value.
- the ⁇ EST was calculated to be 0.02 eV.
- the compound (1-1) was a material capable of achieving high efficiency and deep blue color.
- it since it has a small ⁇ EST, it can be expected as a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material.
- Comparative compound 1 The compound of formula (1-2676) disclosed in International Publication No. WO 2015/102118 was used as Comparative Compound 1.
- ⁇ EST was calculated in the same manner as in the Example of Compound (1-1), except that Compound (1-1) of the present invention was changed to Comparative Compound 1.
- the maximum emission wavelength of the fluorescence spectrum was 469 nm
- the maximum emission wavelength of the phosphorescence spectrum was 502 nm
- ⁇ EST was calculated to be 0.17 eV.
- this ⁇ EST value is sufficiently small to obtain thermally activated delayed fluorescence, it is larger than the compound (1-1) of the present invention, and it is larger than that of an organic EL device that expresses thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Is expected to have an external quantum efficiency lower than that of the compound (1-1).
- Comparative compound 2 The compound of formula (1-422) disclosed in International Publication No. 2015/102118 was used as Comparative Compound 2. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in the example of the compound (1-1) except that the compound (1-1) of the present invention was changed to the comparative compound 2. As a result, the maximum emission wavelength of the fluorescence spectrum was 477 nm, which was 10 nm longer than that of the compound (1-1), and a deep blue color could not be achieved.
- compound (1-1) is suitable as a material for the light emitting layer because it has an appropriate energy gap and high triplet excitation energy.
- compound (1-1) since it has a small ⁇ EST, it can also be expected as a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material for the light emitting layer.
- a thin film-formed substrate was prepared by dispersing compound (1-201) in PMMA under the same conditions as compound (1-1), and the absorption spectrum and emission spectrum were measured. (Figure 3).
- the excitation wavelength when measuring the emission spectrum is 375 nm.
- the maximum emission wavelength of the fluorescence spectrum was 438 nm.
- the same substrate was prepared, and excited with an excitation wavelength of 375 nm, and the fluorescence quantum yield was measured. As a result, the value was as high as 87%.
- the maximum emission wavelength of the phosphorescence spectrum was 466 nm. From this, E T was found to exhibit 2.66eV next, higher value.
- the ⁇ EST was calculated to be 0.17 eV.
- the compound (1-201) was a material capable of achieving high efficiency and deep blue color.
- it since it has a small ⁇ EST, it can be expected as a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material.
- a thin film-formed substrate was prepared by dispersing compound (1-101) in PMMA under the same conditions as compound (1-1), and the absorption spectrum and emission spectrum were measured. (FIG. 4).
- the excitation wavelength when measuring the emission spectrum is 407 nm.
- the maximum emission wavelength of the fluorescence spectrum was 457 nm.
- the same substrate was prepared, and excited with an excitation wavelength of 407 nm, and the fluorescence quantum yield was measured. As a result, it was a high value of 91%.
- the maximum emission wavelength of the phosphorescence spectrum was 461 nm. From this, E T was found to exhibit 2.69eV next, higher value. When ⁇ EST was calculated, it was 0.02 eV.
- the compound (1-101) was a material capable of achieving high efficiency and deep blue color.
- it since it has a small ⁇ EST, it can be expected as a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material.
- a thin film-formed substrate was prepared by dispersing compound (1-9) in PMMA under the same conditions as compound (1-1), and the absorption spectrum and emission spectrum were measured. (FIG. 5).
- the excitation wavelength when measuring the emission spectrum is 374 nm.
- the maximum emission wavelength of the fluorescence spectrum was 473 nm.
- the same substrate was prepared, and excited with an excitation wavelength of 374 nm and measured for the fluorescence quantum yield. As a result, the value was as high as 89%.
- the maximum emission wavelength of the phosphorescence spectrum was 477 nm. From this, E T was found to exhibit 2.60eV next, higher value. When ⁇ EST was calculated, it was 0.02 eV.
- the compound (1-9) was a material capable of achieving high efficiency and deep blue color.
- it since it has a small ⁇ EST, it can be expected as a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material.
- the compound of the present invention is characterized by an appropriate energy gap (Eg), a high triplet excitation energy (E T ), and a small ⁇ EST, so that it can be applied to, for example, a light emitting layer and a charge transport layer. In particular, application to a light emitting layer can be expected.
- Eg energy gap
- E T high triplet excitation energy
- ⁇ EST small ⁇ EST
- Evaluation items and evaluation methods include drive voltage (V), emission wavelength (nm), CIE chromaticity (x, y), external quantum efficiency (%), maximum wavelength (nm) of emission spectrum, and half width ( nm). As these evaluation items, values at appropriate light emission luminance can be used.
- the quantum efficiency of a light emitting device includes an internal quantum efficiency and an external quantum efficiency.
- the internal quantum efficiency is that the external energy injected as electrons (or holes) into the light emitting layer of the light emitting device is converted into pure photons. The ratio is shown.
- the external quantum efficiency is calculated based on the amount of photons emitted to the outside of the light emitting element, and some of the photons generated in the light emitting layer are continuously absorbed or reflected inside the light emitting element. In other words, the external quantum efficiency is lower than the internal quantum efficiency because it is not emitted to the outside of the light emitting element.
- the spectral radiance (emission spectrum) and external quantum efficiency are measured as follows. Using a voltage / current generator R6144 manufactured by Advantest Corporation, the device was caused to emit light by applying a voltage. Using a spectral radiance meter SR-3AR manufactured by TOPCON, the spectral radiance in the visible light region was measured from the direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface. Assuming that the light emitting surface is a completely diffusing surface, the value obtained by dividing the measured spectral radiance value of each wavelength component by the wavelength energy and multiplying by ⁇ is the number of photons at each wavelength. Next, the number of photons in the entire wavelength region observed was integrated to obtain the total number of photons emitted from the device.
- the value obtained by dividing the applied current value by the elementary charge as the number of carriers injected into the device is the number obtained by dividing the total number of photons emitted from the device by the number of carriers injected into the device.
- the half-value width of the emission spectrum is obtained as the width between the upper and lower wavelengths where the intensity is 50% centering on the maximum emission wavelength.
- Organic EL elements according to Examples and Comparative Examples were prepared, and voltage was applied to measure current density, luminance, chromaticity, external quantum efficiency, and the like.
- the following four configurations A (Table 1 and Table 3), Configuration B (Table 2), Configuration C (Table 4), and Configuration D (Table 5) are selected and evaluated as the configuration of the manufactured organic EL element. It was.
- Configurations A, C, and D are configurations suitable for the thermally activated delayed fluorescence material, and configuration B is a more general configuration.
- Configuration A is an element configuration that can be expected to have high efficiency as described in the literature (Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 2777-2781).
- Configuration C is an element configuration that can be expected to have relatively high efficiency and long-term driving stability as described in the literature (Scientific Reports, 6, 2016, 22463).
- the configuration D is an element configuration in which a host material different from the configurations A and C shown in the literature (Thin Solid Films, 619, 2016, 120-124) is applied.
- application of the compound of the present invention is not limited to these structures, and the film thickness and constituent materials of each layer can be appropriately changed depending on the basic physical properties of the compound of the present invention.
- HI is N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′-dinaphthyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl
- HT is 4,4 ′, 4 ”-tris (N-carbazolyl).
- Triphenylamine “EB” is 1,3-bis (N-carbazolyl) benzene
- EH1 is 3,3′-bis (N-carbazolyl) -1,1′-biphenyl
- ET is diphenyl [4- (triphenylsilyl) phenyl] phosphine oxide.
- the chemical structure is shown below together with Comparative Compound 1.
- HI-1 represents N 4 , N 4 ′ -diphenyl-N 4 , N 4 ′ -bis (9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]- 4,4'-diamine
- HAT-CN is 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile
- HT-1 is N-([1,1 ' -Biphenyl] -4-yl) -9,9-dimethyl-N- (4- (9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl) phenyl) -9H-fluoren-2-amine
- HT-2 Is N, N-bis (4- (dibenzo [b, d] furan-4-yl) phenyl)-[1,1 ′: 4 ′, 1 ′′ -terphenyl] -4-amine
- EMH2 Is 9-phenyl-10- (4-phenyln
- a glass substrate manufactured by Opto Science Co., Ltd.
- This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vapor deposition apparatus (manufactured by Showa Vacuum Co., Ltd.), and for molybdenum vapor deposition containing HI, HT, EB, EMH1, compound (1-1), ET and LiF, respectively.
- the boat was equipped with a tungsten evaporation boat containing aluminum.
- the following layers were sequentially formed on the ITO film of the transparent support substrate.
- the vacuum chamber was depressurized to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa, and first, HI was heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 40 nm to form a hole injection layer. Next, HT was heated and evaporated to a thickness of 15 nm to form a hole transport layer. Next, the electron blocking layer was formed by heating and depositing EB to a thickness of 15 nm. Next, EMH1 and compound (1-1) were heated at the same time and evaporated to a thickness of 20 nm to form a light emitting layer. The deposition rate was adjusted so that the weight ratio of EMH1 to compound (1-1) was approximately 99: 1. Next, ET was heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 40 nm to form an electron transport layer. The deposition rate of each layer was 0.01 to 1 nm / second.
- LiF is heated to deposit at a deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / second so as to have a film thickness of 1 nm, and then aluminum is heated to deposit to a film thickness of 100 nm to form a cathode.
- the deposition rate of aluminum was adjusted to be 1 nm to 10 nm / second.
- a direct current voltage was applied using an ITO electrode as an anode and an aluminum electrode as a cathode, and luminance, chromaticity and external quantum efficiency were measured.
- ⁇ Configuration B Device using Compound (1-1) as a dopant>
- An EL element of configuration B was obtained by the same procedure as that of configuration A. However, the deposition rate was adjusted so that the weight ratio of EMH2 to compound (1-1) was approximately 98 to 2.
- the applied voltage at the time of 1000 cd / m 2 emission is 4.1 V
- the external quantum efficiency is 6.7%
- the emission spectrum (FIG. 8) has a maximum emission wavelength of 471 nm and a half width of 18 nm
- CIE chromaticity (x , Y) (0.118, 0.106).
- a deep blue color with a small half-value width of the emission spectrum can be achieved. With such a narrow half-value width, deep blue chromaticity and a cut in a low wavelength region can be achieved at the same time, and it is possible to cope with device design that is friendly to eyes and biological rhythms.
- ⁇ Comparative example 2> ⁇ Configuration B: Device using Comparative Compound 1 as a dopant> An EL device was obtained by the same procedure and configuration as in Example 2 except that the dopant was changed. As a result, the applied voltage at the time of 1000 cd / m 2 emission is 4.1 V, the external quantum efficiency is 6.6%, the emission spectrum (FIG. 8) has a maximum emission wavelength of 468 nm, a full width at half maximum of 26 nm, and CIE chromaticity (x , Y) (0.124, 0.111). Compared with compound (1-1), the applied voltage and external quantum efficiency were the same, but the half-value width was wide.
- the above compound (1-201), compound (1-101) and compound (1-9) can be produced and evaluated in the same manner as in compound (1-1) by preparing an organic EL device with configuration A and configuration B.
- the following layers were sequentially formed on the ITO film of the transparent support substrate.
- the vacuum chamber was depressurized to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa, and first, HI was heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 40 nm to form a hole injection layer. Next, HT was heated and evaporated to a thickness of 15 nm to form the hole transport layer 1. Next, EB was heated and evaporated to a thickness of 15 nm to form the hole transport layer 2. Next, EMH1 and comparative compound 2 were heated at the same time and evaporated to a thickness of 20 nm to form a light emitting layer. The deposition rate was adjusted so that the weight ratio of EMH1 and Comparative Compound 2 was approximately 99: 1.
- ET was heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 40 nm to form an electron transport layer.
- the deposition rate of each layer was 0.01 to 1 nm / second.
- LiF is heated to deposit at a deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / second so as to have a film thickness of 1 nm, and then aluminum is heated to deposit to a film thickness of 100 nm to form a cathode.
- an organic EL element was obtained.
- the deposition rate of aluminum was adjusted to be 1 nm to 10 nm / second.
- a direct current voltage was applied using an ITO electrode as an anode and an aluminum electrode as a cathode, and luminance, chromaticity and external quantum efficiency were measured.
- the emission spectra at 10 cd / m 2 , 100 cd / m 2, and 250 cd / m 2 all emitted a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 18 nm and a peak wavelength of 480 nm.
- the external quantum efficiency at the time of 100 cd / m ⁇ 2 > light emission was 4.9%.
- Example 4> ⁇ Configuration A: Device Using Compound (1-31) as a Dopant> An EL element can be obtained by the same procedure and configuration as in Comparative Example 3 except that the dopant is changed.
- HAT-CN is 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile
- Tris-PCz is 9,9 ′, 9 ′′ -triphenyl-9H, 9H ′, 9H ′′ -3,3 ′, 6 ′, 3 ′′ -tercarbazole
- T2T is 2,4,6-tri [[1,1′-biphenyl] -3-yl] -1, 3,5-triazine
- BPy-TP2 is 2,7-di ([2,2′-bipyridin] -5-yl) triphenylene.
- the chemical structure is shown below.
- a transparent support substrate is a 26 mm ⁇ 28 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm glass substrate (Optoscience Co., Ltd.) obtained by polishing the ITO film formed by sputtering to 50 nm.
- This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vapor deposition apparatus (Changzhou Industrial Co., Ltd.), and HAT-CN, Tris-PCz, EMH1, compound (1-1), T2T, BPy-TP2 and LiF are put therein.
- a tantalum vapor deposition crucible and an aluminum nitride vapor deposition crucible containing aluminum are mounted.
- the following layers are sequentially formed on the ITO film of the transparent support substrate.
- the vacuum chamber is depressurized to 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa, first, HAT-CN is heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 10 nm, and then Tris-PCz is heated to a film thickness of 30 nm. A hole layer composed of two layers is formed by vapor deposition. Next, EMH1 and the compound (1-1) are heated at the same time and evaporated to a thickness of 30 nm to form a light emitting layer. The deposition rate is adjusted so that the weight ratio of EMH1 to compound (1-1) is approximately 90 to 10.
- T2T is heated and evaporated to a thickness of 10 nm
- BPy-TP2 is evaporated to a thickness of 30 nm to form a two-layer electron transport layer.
- the deposition rate of each layer is 0.01 to 1 nm / second.
- LiF is heated to be deposited at a deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / second so as to have a film thickness of 1 nm
- aluminum is heated to be 0.1 nm to 2 nm / second so as to have a film thickness of 100 nm.
- An organic EL element can be obtained by forming a cathode by vapor deposition at a vapor deposition rate of seconds.
- a transparent support substrate is a 26 mm ⁇ 28 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm glass substrate (Optoscience Co., Ltd.) obtained by polishing the ITO film formed by sputtering to 50 nm.
- This transparent support substrate was fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vapor deposition apparatus (Changzhou Industrial Co., Ltd.), and HAT-CN, Tris-PCz, EB, Compound (3-262), Compound (1-1), BPy-TP2 And a tantalum deposition crucible containing LiF and an aluminum nitride deposition crucible containing aluminum, respectively.
- the following layers are sequentially formed on the ITO film of the transparent support substrate.
- the vacuum chamber is depressurized to 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa, first, HAT-CN is heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 10 nm, and then Tris-PCz is heated to a film thickness of 25 nm. Evaporation is performed, and then EB is heated to be deposited to a thickness of 10 nm, thereby forming a three-layer hole layer.
- the compound (3-262) and the compound (1-1) are heated at the same time and evaporated to a thickness of 30 nm to form a light emitting layer.
- the deposition rate is adjusted so that the weight ratio of the compound (3-262) and the compound (1-1) is approximately 90 to 10.
- the compound part (3-262) is heated and evaporated to a thickness of 10 nm, and BPy-TP2 is evaporated to a thickness of 40 nm to form a two-layer electron transport layer.
- the deposition rate of each layer is 0.01 to 1 nm / second.
- LiF is heated to be deposited at a deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / second so as to have a film thickness of 1 nm, and then aluminum is heated to be 0.1 nm to 2 nm / second so as to have a film thickness of 100 nm.
- An organic EL element can be obtained by forming a cathode by vapor deposition at a vapor deposition rate of seconds.
- compound (5-102) is 3,11-di-o-tolyl-5,9-dioxa-13b-boranaft [3,2,1-de] anthracene
- compound (5-201) is 9- (5,9-dioxa-13b-boranaft [3,2,1-de] anthracen-7-yl) -9H-carbazole.
- the chemical structure is shown below.
- ⁇ Configuration A Device Using Compound (1-1) as a Dopant and Compound (5-201) as a Host>
- a glass substrate manufactured by Opto Science Co., Ltd.
- This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vapor deposition apparatus (manufactured by Choshu Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and tantalum containing HI, HT, EB, compound (5-201), compound (1-1) and ET, respectively.
- a vapor deposition boat, and an aluminum nitride vapor deposition boat each containing LiF and aluminum were mounted.
- the following layers were sequentially formed on the ITO film of the transparent support substrate.
- the vacuum chamber is depressurized to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa, and first, HI is heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 40 nm, HT is heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 15 nm, and EB is heated. A hole layer consisting of three layers was formed by vapor deposition so as to have a film thickness of 15 nm.
- the compound (5-201) and the compound (1-1) were heated at the same time and evaporated to a thickness of 20 nm to form a light emitting layer.
- the deposition rate was adjusted so that the weight ratio of the compound (5-201) to the compound (1-1) was approximately 99: 1.
- ET was heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 40 nm to form an electron transport layer.
- the deposition rate of each layer was 0.01 to 1 nm / second.
- LiF is heated to deposit at a deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / second so as to have a film thickness of 1 nm, and then aluminum is heated to deposit to a film thickness of 100 nm to form a cathode.
- an organic EL element was obtained.
- the deposition rate of aluminum was adjusted to be 1 nm to 10 nm / second.
- a direct current voltage was applied using an ITO electrode as an anode and an aluminum electrode as a cathode, and luminance, chromaticity and external quantum efficiency were measured.
- the emission spectrum at 100 cd / m 2 emission has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 21 nm and a peak wavelength of 473 nm.
- FWHM full width at half maximum
- the external quantum efficiency at the time of light emission of 100 cd / m 2 was 33.6%, and a very high quantum efficiency was obtained.
- Example 9 Device using Compound (1-1) as a dopant and Compound (5-102) as a host>
- An EL device was obtained by the same procedure and constitution as in Example 8 except that the host was changed to the compound (5-102).
- the external quantum efficiency at the time of light emission of 100 cd / m 2 was 28.0%, and a very high quantum efficiency was obtained.
- ⁇ Configuration A Device using Compound (1-1) as a dopant and Compound (5-102) as a host>
- a glass substrate manufactured by Opto Science Co., Ltd.
- This transparent supporting substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available vapor deposition apparatus (manufactured by Choshu Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and tantalum containing HI, HT, EB, compound (5-102), compound (1-1) and ET, respectively.
- a vapor deposition boat, and an aluminum nitride vapor deposition boat each containing LiF and aluminum were mounted.
- the following layers were sequentially formed on the ITO film of the transparent support substrate.
- the vacuum chamber is depressurized to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa, and first, HI is heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 40 nm, HT is heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 15 nm, and EB is heated. A hole layer consisting of three layers was formed by vapor deposition so as to have a film thickness of 15 nm.
- the compound (5-102) and the compound (1-1) were heated at the same time and evaporated to a thickness of 20 nm to form a light emitting layer.
- the deposition rate was adjusted so that the weight ratio of compound (5-102) to compound (1-1) was approximately 99: 1.
- ET was heated and evaporated to a film thickness of 30 nm to form an electron transport layer.
- the deposition rate of each layer was 0.01 to 1 nm / second.
- LiF is heated to deposit at a deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / second so as to have a film thickness of 1 nm, and then aluminum is heated to deposit to a film thickness of 100 nm to form a cathode.
- an organic EL element was obtained.
- the deposition rate of aluminum was adjusted to be 1 nm to 10 nm / second.
- a direct current voltage was applied using an ITO electrode as an anode and an aluminum electrode as a cathode, and luminance, chromaticity and external quantum efficiency were measured.
- the emission spectrum at 100 cd / m 2 emission has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 17 nm and a peak wavelength of 470 nm, and emission of very high color purity is observed.
- the external quantum efficiency at the time of light emission of 100 cd / m 2 was 30.1%, and a very high quantum efficiency was obtained.
- the choice of materials for organic EL elements can be increased.
- a novel polycyclic aromatic compound as a material for an organic electroluminescent element, it is possible to provide an excellent organic EL element, a display device including the same, a lighting device including the same, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
下記一般式(1)で表される多環芳香族化合物。
A環、B環、C環およびD環は、それぞれ独立して、アリール環またはヘテロアリール環であり、これらの環における少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>O、>N-R、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールまたは置換されていてもよいアルキルであり、また、前記>N-RのRは連結基または単結合により前記A環、B環、C環および/またはD環と結合していてもよく、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリールまたはジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)であり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいジアリールアミノ、置換されていてもよいジヘテロアリールアミノ、置換されていてもよいアリールヘテロアリールアミノ、置換されていてもよいアルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールオキシ、置換されていてもよいアリールチオまたは置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールチオであり、Z1は連結基または単結合で前記A環と結合してもよく、Z2は連結基または単結合で前記C環と結合してもよく、そして、
式(1)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。)
A環、B環、C環およびD環は、それぞれ独立して、アリール環またはヘテロアリール環であり、これらの環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオ、ヘテロアリールチオまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリールまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、また、A環およびB環はY、X1およびX2から構成される上記式左の縮合2環構造と結合を共有する5員環または6員環を有し、C環およびD環はY、X3およびX4から構成される上記式右の縮合2環構造と結合を共有する5員環または6員環を有し、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>O、>N-R、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、アリール、ヘテロアリールまたはアルキルであり、Rにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオ、ヘテロアリールチオまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、また、前記>N-RのRは、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記A環、B環、C環および/またはD環と結合していてもよく、前記-C(-R)2-のRは水素またはアルキルであり、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリールまたはジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)であり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオまたはヘテロアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、Z1は、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記A環と結合していてもよく、Z2は、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記C環と結合していてもよく、前記-C(-R)2-のRは水素またはアルキルであり、そして、
式(1)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい、
項1に記載する多環芳香族化合物。
下記一般式(2)で表される、項1に記載する多環芳香族化合物。
R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、水素、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオ、ヘテロアリールチオまたはアルキル置換シリルであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリールまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、また、R5~R7およびR10~R12のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してb環および/またはd環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオ、ヘテロアリールチオまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリールまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>O、>N-R、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルであり、また、前記>N-RのRは、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記a環、b環、c環および/またはd環と結合していてもよく、前記-C(-R)2-のRは水素または炭素数1~6のアルキルであり、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールであり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオまたはヘテロアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アルキルまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、Z1は、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記a環と結合してもよく、Z2は、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記c環と結合してもよく、前記-C(-R)2-のRは水素または炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、そして、
式(2)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。)
R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリールオキシまたは炭素数6~12のアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数6~12のアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、また、R5~R7およびR10~R12のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してb環および/またはd環と共に炭素数9~16のアリール環または炭素数6~15のヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数6~12のアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>Oまたは>N-Rであり、前記>N-RのRは、炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数1~4のアルキルであり、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールであり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)、炭素数1~12のアルキル、炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~30のアリールオキシ、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリールオキシ、炭素数6~30のアリールチオまたは炭素数2~30のヘテロアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリール、炭素数1~12のアルキルまたはトリアルキル置換シリル(ただしアルキルは炭素数1~6のアルキル)で置換されていてもよく、そして、
式(2)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい、
項3に記載する多環芳香族化合物。
R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルであり、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>Oまたは>N-Rであり、前記>N-RのRは、炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数1~4のアルキルであり、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールであり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数6~16のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~10のアリール)、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリールオキシまたは炭素数6~12のアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、そして、
式(2)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい、
項3に記載する多環芳香族化合物。
下記いずれかの式で表される、項1に記載の多環芳香族化合物。
項1ないし6のいずれかに記載する多環芳香族化合物を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
前記有機デバイス用材料は、有機電界発光素子用材料、有機電界効果トランジスタ用材料または有機薄膜太陽電池用材料である、項7に記載する有機デバイス用材料。
前記有機電界発光素子用材料が発光層用材料である、項8に記載する有機デバイス用材料。
有機電界発光素子の発光層を塗布形成するための発光層形成用組成物であって、
第1成分として、少なくとも1種の項1~6のいずれかに記載する多環芳香族化合物と、
第2成分として、少なくとも1種のホスト材料と、
第3成分として、少なくとも1種の有機溶媒と、
を含む発光層形成用組成物。
陽極および陰極からなる一対の電極と、該一対の電極間に配置され、項9に記載する発光層用材料を含有する発光層とを有する、有機電界発光素子。
陽極および陰極からなる一対の電極と、該一対の電極間に配置され、項10に記載する発光層形成用組成物を塗布・乾燥して形成した発光層とを有する、有機電界発光素子。
前記発光層はさらに下記一般式(3)で表される化合物および/または下記一般式(4)で表される化合物を含有する、項11または12に記載の有機電界発光素子。
上記式(4)中、L2およびL3は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数6~30のアリールまたは炭素数2~30のヘテロアリールであり、
上記各式で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数1~6のアルキル、シアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。)
前記発光層はさらに下記一般式(5)で表される化合物を含有する、項11~13のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
R1~R11は、それぞれ独立して、水素、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールへテロアリールアミノまたはアルキルであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
R1~R11のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環またはc環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
式(5)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、それぞれ独立して、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されてもよい。
前記陰極と該発光層との間に配置される電子輸送層および/または電子注入層を有し、該電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つは、ボラン誘導体、ピリジン誘導体、フルオランテン誘導体、BO系誘導体、アントラセン誘導体、ベンゾフルオレン誘導体、ホスフィンオキサイド誘導体、ピリミジン誘導体、カルバゾール誘導体、トリアジン誘導体、ベンゾイミダゾール誘導体、フェナントロリン誘導体およびキノリノール系金属錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、項11~14のいずれかに記載する有機電界発光素子。
前記電子輸送層および/または電子注入層が、さらに、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類金属、アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、希土類金属の酸化物、希土類金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属の有機錯体、アルカリ土類金属の有機錯体および希土類金属の有機錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、項15に記載の有機電界発光素子。
項11~16のいずれかに記載する有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置または照明装置。
一般式(1)や(2)で表される多環芳香族化合物は、基本的には、それぞれの環構造同士で結合させることで中間体を製造し(第1反応)、その後に、それぞれの環構造をホウ素原子で結合させることで最終生成物を製造することができる(第2反応)。第1反応では、例えば、求核置換反応、ウルマン反応といった一般的なエーテル化反応や、ブッフバルト-ハートウィッグ反応といった一般的なアミノ化反応などが利用できる。また、第2反応では、タンデムヘテロフリーデルクラフツ反応(連続的な芳香族求電子置換反応、以下同様)が利用できる。なお、以下の各スキームにける構造式中の符号は、一般式(1)または一般式(2)のそれらと同じ定義である。
本発明に係る多環芳香族化合物は、有機デバイス用材料として用いることができる。有機デバイスとしては、例えば、有機電界発光素子、有機電界効果トランジスタまたは有機薄膜太陽電池などが挙げられる。
本発明に係る多環芳香族化合物は、例えば、有機電界発光素子の材料として用いることができる。以下に、本実施形態に係る有機EL素子について図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る有機EL素子を示す概略断面図である。
図1に示された有機電界発光素子100は、基板101と、基板101上に設けられた陽極102と、陽極102の上に設けられた正孔注入層103と、正孔注入層103の上に設けられた正孔輸送層104と、正孔輸送層104の上に設けられた発光層105と、発光層105の上に設けられた電子輸送層106と、電子輸送層106の上に設けられた電子注入層107と、電子注入層107の上に設けられた陰極108とを有する。
基板101は、有機電界発光素子100の支持体であり、通常、石英、ガラス、金属、プラスチックなどが用いられる。基板101は、目的に応じて板状、フィルム状、またはシート状に形成され、例えば、ガラス板、金属板、金属箔、プラスチックフィルム、プラスチックシートなどが用いられる。なかでも、ガラス板、および、ポリエステル、ポリメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリスルホンなどの透明な合成樹脂製の板が好ましい。ガラス基板であれば、ソーダライムガラスや無アルカリガラスなどが用いられ、また、厚みも機械的強度を保つのに十分な厚みがあればよいので、例えば、0.2mm以上あればよい。厚さの上限値としては、例えば、2mm以下、好ましくは1mm以下である。ガラスの材質については、ガラスからの溶出イオンが少ない方がよいので無アルカリガラスの方が好ましいが、SiO2などのバリアコートを施したソーダライムガラスも市販されているのでこれを使用することができる。また、基板101には、ガスバリア性を高めるために、少なくとも片面に緻密なシリコン酸化膜などのガスバリア膜を設けてもよく、特にガスバリア性が低い合成樹脂製の板、フィルムまたはシートを基板101として用いる場合にはガスバリア膜を設けるのが好ましい。
陽極102は、発光層105へ正孔を注入する役割を果たす。なお、陽極102と発光層105との間に正孔注入層103および/または正孔輸送層104が設けられている場合には、これらを介して発光層105へ正孔を注入することになる。
正孔注入層103は、陽極102から移動してくる正孔を、効率よく発光層105内または正孔輸送層104内に注入する役割を果たす。正孔輸送層104は、陽極102から注入された正孔または陽極102から正孔注入層103を介して注入された正孔を、効率よく発光層105に輸送する役割を果たす。正孔注入層103および正孔輸送層104は、それぞれ、正孔注入・輸送材料の一種または二種以上を積層、混合するか、正孔注入・輸送材料と高分子結着剤の混合物により形成される。また、正孔注入・輸送材料に塩化鉄(III)のような無機塩を添加して層を形成してもよい。
発光層105は、電界を与えられた電極間において、陽極102から注入された正孔と、陰極108から注入された電子とを再結合させることにより発光する層である。発光層105を形成する材料としては、正孔と電子との再結合によって励起されて発光する化合物(発光性化合物)であればよく、安定な薄膜形状を形成することができ、かつ、固体状態で強い発光(蛍光)効率を示す化合物であるのが好ましい。本発明では、発光層用の材料として、上記一般式(1)で表される多環芳香族化合物を用いることができる。
上記式(4)中、L2およびL3は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数6~30のアリールまたは炭素数2~30のヘテロアリールである。アリールとしては、炭素数6~24のアリールが好ましく、炭素数6~16のアリールがより好ましく、炭素数6~12のアリールがさらに好ましく、炭素数6~10のアリールが特に好ましく、具体的には、ベンゼン環、ビフェニル環、ナフタレン環、テルフェニル環、アセナフチレン環、フルオレン環、フェナレン環、フェナントレン環、トリフェニレン環、ピレン環、ナフタセン環、ペリレン環およびペンタセン環などの一価の基が挙げられる。ヘテロアリールとしては、炭素数2~25のヘテロアリールが好ましく、炭素数2~20のヘテロアリールがより好ましく、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリールがさらに好ましく、炭素数2~10のヘテロアリールが特に好ましく、具体的には、ピロール環、オキサゾール環、イソオキサゾール環、チアゾール環、イソチアゾール環、イミダゾール環、オキサジアゾール環、チアジアゾール環、トリアゾール環、テトラゾール環、ピラゾール環、ピリジン環、ピリミジン環、ピリダジン環、ピラジン環、トリアジン環、インドール環、イソインドール環、1H-インダゾール環、ベンゾイミダゾール環、ベンゾオキサゾール環、ベンゾチアゾール環、1H-ベンゾトリアゾール環、キノリン環、イソキノリン環、シンノリン環、キナゾリン環、キノキサリン環、フタラジン環、ナフチリジン環、プリン環、プテリジン環、カルバゾール環、アクリジン環、フェノキサチイン環、フェノキサジン環、フェノチアジン環、フェナジン環、インドリジン環、フラン環、ベンゾフラン環、イソベンゾフラン環、ジベンゾフラン環、チオフェン環、ベンゾチオフェン環、ジベンゾチオフェン環、フラザン環、オキサジアゾール環およびチアントレン環などの一価の基が挙げられる。
式(3)または式(4)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数1~6のアルキル、シアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。
R1~R11は、それぞれ独立して、水素、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールへテロアリールアミノまたはアルキル(以上、第1置換基)であり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノまたはアルキル(以上、第2置換基)で置換されていてもよく、
R1~R11のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環またはc環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノまたはアルキル(以上、第1置換基)で置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノまたはアルキル(以上、第2置換基)で置換されていてもよく、
式(5)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、それぞれ独立して、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されてもよい。
R1~R11は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)または炭素数1~12のアルキルであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらに炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)または炭素数1~12のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
R1~R11のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環またはc環と共に炭素数9~16のアリール環または炭素数6~15のヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)または炭素数1~12のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらに炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)または炭素数1~12のアルキルで置換されていてもよい。
R1~R11は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~16のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~10のアリール)または炭素数1~6のアルキルであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらに炭素数6~16のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~10のアリール)または炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
R1~R11のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環またはc環と共に炭素数9~12のアリール環または炭素数6~12のヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数6~16のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~10のアリール)または炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらに炭素数6~16のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~10のアリール)または炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよい。
R1~R11のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環またはc環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノまたはアリールオキシで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリールまたはジアリールアミノで置換されていてもよい。
各基の具体的な説明は、上述した一般式(1)や一般式(2)の多環芳香族化合物における説明を引用することができる。
Rは、それぞれ独立して、フッ素、トリメチルシリル、トリフルオロメチル、炭素数1~24のアルキルまたは炭素数3~24のシクロアルキルであり、前記アルキルにおける任意の-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、前記アルキルにおけるフェニルまたはフェニレンに直結している-CH2-を除く任意の-CH2-は炭素数6~24のアリーレンで置換されていてもよく、前記シクロアルキルにおける少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~24のアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールで置換されていてもよく、
隣接する2つのRがアルキルまたはシクロアルキルであるとき、これらは結合して環を形成していてもよく、
mはそれぞれ独立して0~4の整数であり、nは0~5の整数であり、pは1~5の整数である。)
Rは、それぞれ独立して、フッ素、トリメチルシリル、トリフルオロメチル、炭素数1~24のアルキル、炭素数3~24のシクロアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールであり、前記アルキルにおける任意の-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、前記アルキルにおけるフェニルまたはフェニレンに直結している-CH2-を除く任意の-CH2-は炭素数6~24のアリーレンで置換されていてもよく、前記シクロアルキルにおける少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~24のアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールで置換されていてもよく、前記アリールにおける少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~24のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
隣接する2つのRがアルキルまたはシクロアルキルであるとき、これらは結合して環を形成していてもよく、
mは0~4の整数であり、nはそれぞれ独立して0~5の整数である。)
また、特開2003-347056号公報、および特開2001-307884号公報などに記載されたスチルベン構造を有するアミンを用いてもよい。
また、特開平11-97178号公報、特開2000-133457号公報、特開2000-26324号公報、特開2001-267079号公報、特開2001-267078号公報、特開2001-267076号公報、特開2000-34234号公報、特開2001-267075号公報、および特開2001-217077号公報などに記載されたペリレン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、国際公開第2000/40586号パンフレットなどに記載されたボラン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、特開2006-156888号公報などに記載された芳香族アミン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、特開2004-43646号公報、特開2001-76876号公報、および特開平6-298758号公報などに記載されたクマリン誘導体を用いてもよい。
上記発光層形成用組成物は、第3成分として、少なくとも一種の有機溶媒を含む。成膜時に有機溶媒の蒸発速度を制御することで、成膜性および塗膜の欠陥の有無、表面粗さ、平滑性を制御および改善することができる。また、インクジェット法を用いた成膜時は、インクジェットヘッドのピンホールでのメニスカス安定性を制御し、吐出性を制御・改善することができる。加えて、膜の乾燥速度および誘導体分子の配向を制御することで、該発光層形成用組成物より得られる発光層を有する有機EL素子の電気特性、発光特性、効率、および寿命を改善することができる。
第3成分において、少なくとも1種の有機溶媒の沸点は、130℃~300℃であり、140℃~270℃がより好ましく、150℃~250℃がさらに好ましい。沸点が130℃より高い場合、インクジェットの吐出性の観点から好ましい。また、沸点が300℃より低い場合、塗膜の欠陥、表面粗さ、残留溶媒および平滑性の観点から好ましい。第3成分は、良好なインクジェットの吐出性、製膜性、平滑性および低い残留溶媒の観点から、2種以上の有機溶媒を含む構成がより好ましい。一方で、場合によっては、運搬性などを考慮し、発光層形成用組成物中から溶媒を除去することで固形状態とした組成物であってもよい。
高沸点の貧溶媒を加えることで成膜時に低沸点の良溶媒が先に揮発し、組成物中の含有物の濃度と貧溶媒の濃度が増加し速やかな成膜が促される。これにより、欠陥が少なく、表面粗さが小さい、平滑性の高い塗膜が得られる。
発光層形成用組成物に用いられる有機溶媒としては、アルキルベンゼン系溶媒、フェニルエーテル系溶媒、アルキルエーテル系溶媒、環状ケトン系溶媒、脂肪族ケトン系溶媒、単環性ケトン系溶媒、ジエステル骨格を有する溶媒および含フッ素系溶媒などが挙げられ、具体例として、ペンタノール、ヘキサノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノール、ノナノール、デカノール、ウンデカノール、ドデカノール、テトラデカノール、ヘキサン-2-オール、ヘプタン-2-オール、オクタン-2-オール、デカン-2-オール、ドデカン-2-オール、シクロヘキサノール、α-テルピネオール、β-テルピネオール、γ-テルピネオール、δ-テルピネオール、テルピネオール(混合物)、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールエチルメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールイソプロピルメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールブチルメチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノフェニルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールブチルメチルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、テトラエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、p-キシレン、m-キシレン、o-キシレン、2,6-ルチジン、2-フルオロ-m-キシレン、3-フルオロ-o-キシレン、2-クロロベンゾ三フッ化物、クメン、トルエン、2-クロロ-6-フルオロトルエン、2-フルオロアニソール、アニソール、2,3-ジメチルピラジン、ブロモベンゼン、4-フルオロアニソール、3-フルオロアニソール、3-トリフルオロメチルアニソール、メシチレン、1,2,4-トリメチルベンゼン、t-ブチルベンゼン、2-メチルアニソール、フェネトール、ベンゾジオキソール、4-メチルアニソール、s-ブチルベンゼン、3-メチルアニソール、4-フルオロ-3-メチルアニソール、シメン、1,2,3-トリメチルベンゼン、1,2-ジクロロベンゼン、2-フルオロベンゾニトリル、4-フルオロベラトロール、2,6-ジメチルアニソール、n-ブチルベンゼン、3-フルオロベンゾニトリル、デカリン(デカヒドロナフタレン)、ネオペンチルベンゼン、2,5-ジメチルアニソール、2,4-ジメチルアニソール、ベンゾニトリル、3,5-ジメチルアニソール、ジフェニルエーテル、1-フルオロ-3,5-ジメトキシベンゼン、安息香酸メチル、イソペンチルベンゼン、3,4-ジメチルアニソール、o-トルニトリル、n-アミルベンゼン、ベラトロール、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン、安息香酸エチル、n-ヘキシルベンゼン、安息香酸プロピル、シクロヘキシルベンゼン、1-メチルナフタレン、安息香酸ブチル、2-メチルビフェニル、3-フェノキシトルエン、2,2’-ビトリル、ドデシルベンゼン、ジペンチルベンゼン、テトラメチルベンゼン、トリメトキシベンゼン、トリメトキシトルエン、2,3-ジヒドロベンゾフラン、1-メチル-4-(プロポキシメチル)ベンゼン、1-メチル-4-(ブチルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、1-メチル-4-(ペンチルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、1-メチル-4-(ヘキシルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、1-メチル-4-(ヘプチルオキシメチル)ベンゼンベンジルブチルエーテル、ベンジルペンチルエーテル、ベンジルヘキシルエーテル、ベンジルヘプチルエーテル、ベンジルオクチルエーテルなどが挙げられるが、それだけに限定されない。また、溶媒は単一で用いてもよく、混合してもよい。
発光層形成用組成物は、その性質を損なわない範囲で、任意成分を含んでいてもよい。任意成分としては、バインダーおよび界面活性剤等が挙げられる。
発光層形成用組成物は、バインダーを含有していてもよい。バインダーは、成膜時には膜を形成するとともに、得られた膜を基板と接合する。また、該発光層形成用組成物中で他の成分を溶解および分散および結着させる役割を果たす。
発光層形成用組成物は、例えば、発光層形成用組成物の膜面均一性、膜表面の親溶媒性および撥液性の制御のために界面活性剤を含有してもよい。界面活性剤は、親水性基の構造からイオン性および非イオン性に分類され、さらに、疎水性基の構造からアルキル系およびシリコン系およびフッ素系に分類される。また、分子の構造から、分子量が比較的小さく単純な構造を有する単分子系および分子量が大きく側鎖や枝分かれを有する高分子系に分類される。また、組成から、単一系、二種以上の界面活性剤および基材を混合した混合系に分類される。該発光層形成用組成物に用いることのできる界面活性剤としては、全ての種類の界面活性剤を用いることができる。
発光層形成用組成物における各成分の含有量は、発光層形成用組成物中の各成分の良好な溶解性、保存安定性および成膜性、ならびに、該発光層形成用組成物から得られる塗膜の良質な膜質、また、インクジェット法を用いた場合の良好な吐出性、該組成物を用いて作製された発光層を有する有機EL素子の、良好な電気特性、発光特性、効率、寿命の観点から、第1成分が発光層形成用組成物の全重量に対して、0.0001重量%~2.0重量%、第2成分が発光層形成用組成物の全重量に対して、0.0999重量%~8.0重量%、第3成分が発光層形成用組成物の全重量に対して、90.0重量%~99.9重量%が好ましい。
電子注入層107は、陰極108から移動してくる電子を、効率よく発光層105内または電子輸送層106内に注入する役割を果たす。電子輸送層106は、陰極108から注入された電子または陰極108から電子注入層107を介して注入された電子を、効率よく発光層105に輸送する役割を果たす。電子輸送層106および電子注入層107は、それぞれ、電子輸送・注入材料の一種または二種以上を積層、混合するか、電子輸送・注入材料と高分子結着剤の混合物により形成される。
ボラン誘導体は、例えば下記一般式(ETM-1)で表される化合物であり、詳細には特開2007-27587号公報に開示されている。
具体的な「シクロアルキル」としては、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、メチルシクロペンチル、シクロヘプチル、メチルシクロヘキシル、シクロオクチルまたはジメチルシクロヘキシルなどが挙げられる。
ホスフィンオキサイド誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-7-1)で表される化合物である。詳細は国際公開第2013/079217号公報にも記載されている。
R6は、CN、置換または無置換の、炭素数1~20のアルキル、炭素数1~20のヘテロアルキル、炭素数6~20のアリール、炭素数5~20のヘテロアリール、炭素数1~20のアルコキシまたは炭素数6~20のアリールオキシであり、
R7およびR8は、それぞれ独立して、置換または無置換の、炭素数6~20のアリールまたは炭素数5~20のヘテロアリールであり、
R9は酸素または硫黄であり、
jは0または1であり、kは0または1であり、rは0~4の整数であり、qは1~3の整数である。
ピリミジン誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-8)で表される化合物であり、好ましくは下記式(ETM-8-1)で表される化合物である。詳細は国際公開第2011/021689号公報にも記載されている。
カルバゾール誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-9)で表される化合物、またはそれが単結合などで複数結合した多量体である。詳細は米国公開公報2014/0197386号公報に記載されている。
トリアジン誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-10)で表される化合物であり、好ましくは下記式(ETM-10-1)で表される化合物である。詳細は米国公開公報2011/0156013号公報に記載されている。
キノリノール系金属錯体は、例えば下記一般式(ETM-13)で表される化合物である。
チアゾール誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-14-1)で表される化合物である。
陰極108は、電子注入層107および電子輸送層106を介して、発光層105に電子を注入する役割を果たす。
以上の正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層および電子注入層に用いられる材料は単独で各層を形成することができるが、高分子結着剤としてポリ塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリ(N-ビニルカルバゾール)、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリブチルメタクリレート、ポリエステル、ポリスルホン、ポリフェニレンオキサイド、ポリブタジエン、炭化水素樹脂、ケトン樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリアミド、エチルセルロース、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂などの溶剤可溶性樹脂や、フェノール樹脂、キシレン樹脂、石油樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などの硬化性樹脂などに分散させて用いることも可能である。
有機電界発光素子を構成する各層は、各層を構成すべき材料を蒸着法、抵抗加熱蒸着、電子ビーム蒸着、スパッタリング、分子積層法、印刷法、スピンコート法またはキャスト法、コーティング法などの方法で薄膜とすることにより、形成することができる。このようにして形成された各層の膜厚については特に限定はなく、材料の性質に応じて適宜設定することができるが、通常2nm~5000nmの範囲である。膜厚は通常、水晶発振式膜厚測定装置などで測定できる。蒸着法を用いて薄膜化する場合、その蒸着条件は、材料の種類、膜の目的とする結晶構造および会合構造などにより異なる。蒸着条件は一般的に、蒸着用ルツボの加熱温度+50~+400℃、真空度10-6~10-3Pa、蒸着速度0.01~50nm/秒、基板温度-150~+300℃、膜厚2nm~5μmの範囲で適宜設定することが好ましい。
適当な基板上に、陽極材料の薄膜を蒸着法などにより形成させて陽極を作製した後、この陽極上に正孔注入層および正孔輸送層の薄膜を形成させる。この上にホスト材料とドーパント材料を共蒸着し薄膜を形成させて発光層とし、この発光層の上に電子輸送層、電子注入層を形成させ、さらに陰極用物質からなる薄膜を蒸着法などにより形成させて陰極とすることにより、目的の有機電界発光素子が得られる。なお、上述の有機電界発光素子の作製においては、作製順序を逆にして、陰極、電子注入層、電子輸送層、発光層、正孔輸送層、正孔注入層、陽極の順に作製することも可能である。
発光層形成用組成物の場合は、湿式成膜法を用いることによって成膜される。
(手順1)陽極の真空蒸着法による成膜
(手順2)正孔注入層の湿式成膜法による成膜
(手順3)正孔輸送層の湿式成膜法による成膜
(手順4)ホスト材料とドーパント材料を含む発光層形成用組成物の湿式成膜法による成膜
(手順5)電子輸送層の真空蒸着法による成膜
(手順6)電子注入層の真空蒸着法による成膜
(手順7)陰極の真空蒸着法による成膜
この手順を経ることで、陽極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/ホスト材料とドーパント材料からなる発光層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/陰極からなる有機EL素子が得られる。
発光層形成用組成物の成膜化には、レーザー加熱描画法(LITI)を用いることができる。LITIとは基材に付着させた化合物をレーザーで加熱蒸着する方法で、基材へ塗布される材料に発光層形成用組成物を用いることができる。
成膜の各工程の前後に、適切な処理工程、洗浄工程および乾燥工程を適宜入れてもよい。処理工程としては、例えば、露光処理、プラズマ表面処理、超音波処理、オゾン処理、適切な溶媒を用いた洗浄処理および加熱処理等が挙げられる。さらには、バンクを作製する一連の工程も挙げられる。
また、本発明は、有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置または有機電界発光素子を備えた照明装置などにも応用することができる。
有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置または照明装置は、本実施形態にかかる有機電界発光素子と公知の駆動装置とを接続するなど公知の方法によって製造することができ、直流駆動、パルス駆動、交流駆動など公知の駆動方法を適宜用いて駆動することができる。
本発明に係る多環芳香族化合物は、上述した有機電界発光素子の他に、有機電界効果トランジスタまたは有機薄膜太陽電池などの作製に用いることができる。
(1)基板/ゲート電極/絶縁体層/ソース電極・ドレイン電極/有機半導体活性層
(2)基板/ゲート電極/絶縁体層/有機半導体活性層/ソース電極・ドレイン電極
(3)基板/有機半導体活性層/ソース電極・ドレイン電極/絶縁体層/ゲート電極
(4)基板/ソース電極・ドレイン電極/有機半導体活性層/絶縁体層/ゲート電極
このように構成された有機電界効果トランジスタは、アクティブマトリックス駆動方式の液晶ディスプレイや有機エレクトロルミネッセンスディスプレイの画素駆動スイッチング素子などとして適用できる。
化合物(1-1):N7,N7,N13,N13,5,9,11,15-オクタフェニル-5,9,11,15-テトラヒドロ-5,9,11,15-テトラアザ-19b,20b-ジボラジナフト[3,2,1-de:1’,2’,3’-jk]ペンタセン-7,13-ジアミンの合成
窒素雰囲気下、1,3-ジブロモベンゼン(25.0g、106mmol)、アニリン(20.3ml、223mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)二パラジウム(0)(Pd2(dba)3)(971mg、1.06mmol)、2,2’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)-1,1’-ビナフチル(BINAP:1.98g、3.18mmol)、NaOtBu(25.5g、265mmol)およびトルエン(400ml)の入ったフラスコを110℃に加熱し、18時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をトルエンに溶解させた後、適当量を減圧留去し、ヘキサンを加え再沈殿させることで、N1,N3-ジフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(16.5g、収率60%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=5.63(s,2H)、6.60(dd,2H)、6.74(t,1H)、6.90(t,2H)、7.06(d,4H)、7.12(t,1H)、7.24(dt,4H).
窒素雰囲気下、1,3-ジブロモ-5-クロロベンゼン(8.11g、30mmol)、ジフェニルアミン(10.1g、60mmol)、Pd2(dba)3(550mg、0.6mmol)、2-ジシクロヘキシルフェニルホスフィノ-2’,6’-ジメトキシジフェニル(SPhos:0.493g、1.2mmol)、NaOtBu(8.60g、90mmol)およびトルエン(300ml)の入ったフラスコを80℃に加熱し、15時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をトルエンに溶解させた後、減圧留去することで飽和溶液を調製し、ヘキサンを加え再沈殿させることで、5-クロロ-N1,N1,N3,N3-テトラフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(5.66g、収率43%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=6.56(d,2H)、6.64(t,1H)、7.00(t,4H)、7.05(d,8H)、7.21(dd,8H).
窒素雰囲気下、第1段で合成したN1,N3-ジフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(1.34g、5.1mmol)、第2段で合成した5-クロロ-N1,N1,N3,N3-テトラフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(4.80g、11mmol)、Pd2(dba)3(0.140g、0.15mmol)、トリ-tert-ブチルホスフィン(60.7mg、0.30mmol)、NaOtBu(1.47g、15mmol)およびトルエン(200ml)の入ったフラスコを110℃に加熱し、8時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をヘキサン、メタノールの順に洗浄することで、N1,N1’-(1,3-フェニレン)ビス(N1,N3,N3,N5,N5-ペンタフェニルベンゼン-1,3,5-トリアミン(4.80g、収率87%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=6.38(d,4H)、6.41(t,2H)、6.58(dd,2H)、6.70(t,1H)、6.88-6.90(m,14H)、6.85(t,1H)、6.99(d,16H)、7.08-7.15(m,20H).
N1,N1’-(1,3-フェニレン)ビス(N1,N3,N3,N5,N5-ペンタフェニルベンゼン-1,3,5-トリアミン(3.24g、3.0mmol)およびオルトジクロロベンゼン(400ml)の入ったフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、三臭化ホウ素(1.13ml、12mmol)を加えた。滴下終了後、180℃まで昇温して20時間撹拌した。その後、再び室温まで冷却して、N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(7.70ml、45mmol)を加え、発熱が収まるまで撹拌した。その後、60℃で減圧下、反応溶液を留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をアセトニトリル、メタノール、トルエンの順に洗浄し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:トルエン)で精製後粗体をo-ジクロロベンゼンで2回再結晶を行い、その後1×10-4mmHgの減圧下、440℃にて昇華精製を行うことで、化合物(1-1)を1.17g得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=5.72(s,2H)、5.74(s,2H)、5.86(s,1H)、6.83(d,2H)、6.88-6.93(m,12H)、7.05(t,8H)、7.12-7.19(m,6H)、7.24-7.26(m,4H)、7.05(d,4H)、7.12(dd,8H)、7.12-7.19(m,6H)、7.32(d,4H)、7.38(dd,2H)、7.42(t,2H)、7.46(dd,2H)、7.47(dd,4H)、9.30(d,2H)、10.5(s,1H).
化合物(1-201):N7,N7,N13,N13,5,15-ヘキサフェニル-5,15-ジヒドロ-5,15-ジアザ-9,11-ジオキ-19b,20b-ジボラジナフト[3,2,1-de:1’,2’,3’-jk]ペンタセン-7,13-ジアミンの合成
窒素雰囲気下、1,3-ジブロモ-5-フルオロベンゼン(15.5g、61mmol)、レゾルシノール(3.10g、29mmol)、炭酸カリウム(10.0g、73mmol)およびN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP:300ml)の入ったフラスコを140℃に加熱し、13時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却して、NMPを減圧留去した後、水およびトルエンを加え分液した。次いで、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をヘキサンで洗浄することで、1,3-ビス(3,5-ジブロモフェノキシ)ベンゼン(14.9g、収率89%)を得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.41(t,2H)、7.37(t,1H)、7.10(d,4H)、6.82(dd,2H)、6.70(t,1H).
窒素雰囲気下、1,3-ビス(3,5-ジブロモフェノキシ)ベンゼン(8.00g、14mmol)、ジフェニルアミン(10.0g、59mmol)、Pd2(dba)3(0.256g、0.28mmol)、トリ-tert-ブチルホスフィン(0.113g、0.56mmol)、NaOtBu(6.70g、70mmol)およびトルエン(300ml)の入ったフラスコを110℃に加熱し、6時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をヘキサンで洗浄することで、5,5’-(1,3-フェニレンビス(オキシ))ビス(N1,N1,N3,N3-テトラフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(11.2g、収率86%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.24-7.28(m,1H)、7.18(dd,16H)、7.05(d,16H)、6.94(t,8H)、6.57(t,2H)、6.54(d,1H)、6.51(d,2H)、6.29(d,4H).
5,5’-(1,3-フェニレンビス(オキシ))ビス(N1,N1,N3,N3-テトラフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(2.03g、2.2mmol)およびオルトキシレン(500ml)の入ったフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、三臭化ホウ素(0.832ml、8.8mmol)を加えた。滴下終了後、150℃まで昇温して24時間撹拌した。その後、再び室温まで冷却してN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(5.60ml、33mmol)を加え、発熱が収まるまで撹拌した。その後、反応溶液を留去した。次いで、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:トルエン/ヘキサン=1/2(容量比))を用いて濾過し、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。トルエンで洗浄することで、化合物(1-201)を得た(50.0mg、収率2.4%)。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=5.79(d,2H)、6.70(d,2H)、6.80(d,2H)、7.07(t,4H)、7.12(t,8H)、7.21-7.28(m,12H)、7.31(s,1H)、7.35(dd,2H)、7.40(t,2H)、7.44-7.51(m,6H)、9.12(d,2H)、10.2(s,1H).
化合物(1-9):2,18-ジメチル-N7,N7,N13,N13,9,11-ヘキサパラトリル-5,9,11,15-テトラヒドロ-5,9,11,15-テトラアザ-19b,20b-ジボラジナフト[3,2,1-de:1',2',3'-jk]ペンタセン-7,13-ジアミンの合成
窒素雰囲気下、1,3-ジブロモベンゼン(10.8g、l.9mmol)、パラトルイジン(20.3g、190mmol)、Pd2(dba)3(1.60g、1.8mmol)、トリ-tert-ブチルホスフィン(0.728g、3.6mmol)、NaOtBu(25.9g、270mmol)およびトルエン(500ml)の入ったフラスコを室温で、10時間撹拌した。反応液シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をメタノールで洗浄することで、N1,N3-ジパラトリルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(19.3g、収率74%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.06-7.11(m,5H)、6.99(d,4H)、6.64(t,1H)、6.52(dd,2H)、5.54(s,2H)、2.29(s,6H).
窒素雰囲気下、1,3-ジブロモ-5-クロロベンゼン(13.5g、50mmol)、パラジトリルアミン(19.7g、0.10mol)、Pd2(dba)3(1.15g、2.0mmol)、2-ジシクロヘキシルフェニルホスフィノ-2’,6’-ジメトキシジフェニル(0.986g、2.4mmol)、NaOtBu(14.5g、0.15mol)およびトルエン(200ml)の入ったフラスコを80℃に加熱し、15時間撹拌した。反応液はシリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をメタノール、ヘキサンの順に洗浄することで、5-クロロ-N1,N1,N3,N3-テトラパラトリルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(21.7g、収率86%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.01(d,8H)、6.92(d,8H)、7.00(t,4H)、6.51(t,1H)、6.45(sd,2H)、2.28(s,12H).
窒素雰囲気下、第1段で合成したN1,N3-ジパラトリルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(3.1g、11mmol)、第2段で合成した5-クロロ-N1,N1,N3,N3-テトラパラトリルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(11.2g、22mmol)、Pd2(dba)3(0.503g、0.55mmol)、トリ-tert-ブチルホスフィン(0.223g、1.1mmol)、NaOtBu(3.20g、33mmol)およびトルエン(300ml)の入ったフラスコを110℃に加熱し、18時間撹拌した。反応液はシリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をメタノール、トルエンの順に洗浄することで、N1,N1’-(1,3-フェニレン)ビス(N1,N3,N3,N5,N5-ペンタパラトリルベンゼン-1,3,5-トリアミン(11.4g、収率85%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=6.86-6.93(m,37H)、6.80(d,4H)、6.74(t,1H)、6.44(dd,2H)、6.30(d,4H)、6.29(t,2H)、2.23(s,6H)、2.20(s,24H).
N1,N1’-(1,3-フェニレン)ビス(N1,N3,N3,N5,N5-ペンタパラトリルベンゼン-1,3,5-トリアミン(0.661g、0.5mmol)およびオルトジクロロベンゼン(10ml)の入ったフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、三臭化ホウ素(0.819ml、2.0mmol)を加えた。滴下終了後、180℃まで昇温して24時間撹拌した。その後、再び室温まで冷却してN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(1.28ml、7.5mmol)を加え、発熱が収まるまで撹拌した。その後、60℃で減圧下、反応溶液を留去した。次いで、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をトルエンで洗浄することで、化合物(1-9)を得た(0.365g、収率59%)。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=δ=2.32(s,12H)、2.39(s,6H)、2.47(s,6H)、2.59(s,6H)、5.47-5.51(m,4H)、5.97(s,1H)、6.80(d,2H)、6.87-6.94(m,20H)、7.05(d,4H)、7.18(d,4H)、7.27(d,2H)、7.31(d,4H)、9.00(s,2H)、10.5(s,1H).
化合物(1-101):7,13-ジフェノキシ-5,9,11,15-テトラフェニル-5,9,11,15-テトラヒドロ-5,9,11,15-テトラアザ-19b,20b-ジボラジナフト[3,2,1-de:1',2',3'-jk]ペンタセンの合成
窒素雰囲気下、1-ブロモ-3-クロロ-5-フルオロベンゼン(5.50ml、45mmol)、フェノール(4.40g、47mmol)、炭酸カリウム(9.30g、68mmol)およびNMP(300ml)の入ったフラスコを150℃に加熱し、17時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却して、NMPを減圧留去した後、水およびトルエンを加え分液した。次いで、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去後、1-ブロモ-3-クロロ-5-フェノキシベンゼン(12.2g、収率98%)を得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.37(m,2H)、7.16-7.21(m,2H)、7.00-7.03(m,3H)、6.90(t,1H).
窒素雰囲気下、1-ブロモ-3-クロロ-5-フェノキシベンゼン(5.30ml、27mmol)、ジフェニルアミン(4.80g、28mmol)、Pd2(dba)3(0.247g、0.27mmol)、トリ-tert-ブチルホスフィン(109mg、0.54mmol)、NaOtBu(3.90g、41mmol)およびトルエン(300ml)の入ったフラスコを80℃に加熱し、14時間撹拌した。反応液はシリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去することで、3-クロロ-5-フェノキシ-N,N-ジフェニルアニリン(8.30g、収率83%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.24-7.28(m,1H)、7.18(dd,16H)、7.05(d,16H)、6.94(t,8H)、6.57(t,2H)、6.54(d,1H)、6.51(d,2H)、6.29(d,4H).
窒素雰囲気下、N1,N3-ジフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(1.56g、6.0mmol)、3-クロロ-5-フェノキシ-N,N-ジフェニルアニリン(4.69g、13mmol)、Pd2(dba)3(0.110g、0.12mmol)、トリ-tert-ブチルホスフィン(49.0mg、0.24mmol)、NaOtBu(1.44g、15mmol)およびトルエン(200ml)の入ったフラスコを110℃に加熱し、18時間撹拌した。反応液はシリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をメタノールで洗浄することで、N1,N1’-(1,3-フェニレン)ビス(5-フェノキシ-N1,N3,N3-トリフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(4.9g、収率87%)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=6.88-7.27(m,41H)、6.79(t,1H)、6.65(dd,2H)、6.51(t,1H)、6.30-6.32(m,4H).
N1,N1’-(1,3-フェニレン)ビス(5-フェノキシ-N1,N3,N3-トリフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(0.559g、0.60mmol)およびオルトジクロロベンゼン(10ml)の入ったフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、三臭化ホウ素(0.227ml、2.4mmol)を加えた。滴下終了後、180℃まで昇温して24時間撹拌した。その後、再び室温まで冷却してN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(1.5ml、9mmol)を加え、発熱が収まるまで撹拌した。その後、60℃で減圧下、反応溶液を留去した。次いで、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶離液:トルエン/ヘキサン=1/2(容量比))を用いて濾過し、溶媒を減圧留去することで、化合物(1-101)を得た(57.3mg、収率10%)。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=5.71-5.74(m,5H)、6.79(d,2H)、6.82(d,4H)、6.96(t,2H)、7.09(d,4H)、7.15(dd,4H)、7.28-7.38(m,12H)、7.45-7.52(m,4H)、7.61(t,4H)、9.24(d,2H)、10.5(s,1H).
化合物(1-2001):N7,N7,N13,N13,5,9,15-テトラヒドロ-5,9,15-トリアザ-11-オキサ-19b,20b-ジボラジナフト[3,2,1-de:1’,2’,3’-jk]ペンタセン-7,13-ジアミンの合成
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=6.90(d,1H)、7.02(s,1H)、7.07(s,2H)、7.15(d,1H)、7.29(t,1H)、7.41(s,1H).
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=6.28(d,2H)、6.56(t,1H)、6.82(dd,1H)、6.91(t,1H)、6.95-6.99(m,5H)7.07(d,8H)、7.15(t,1H)、7.21(t,8H).
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=5.65(s,1H)、6.34(t,2H)、6.47(d,1H)、6.55(dd,1H)、6.65(dd,2H)、6.94-6.98(m,5H)、7.03-7.08(m,10H)、7.10(t,1H)、7.19(t,8H)、7.27(t,2H).
1H-NMR(500MHz,(CDCl2)2):δ=6.28(d,2H)、6.38(d,2H)、6.40-6.42(m,2H)、6.52(s,1H)、6.58-6.60(m,2H)、6.86(t,4H)、6.92-7.07(m,24H)、7.11-7.20(m,18H).
1H-NMR(500MHz,(CDCl2)2):δ=5.67(s,1H)、5.68(s,1H)、5.75(d,1H)、6.51(d,1H)、6.58(s,1H)、6.77(m,2H)、6.92-7.12(m,18H)、7.18-7.51(m,21H)、9.17(m,2H)、10.3(s,1H).
13C-NMR(126MHz,(CDCl2)2):98.5(1C)、98.9(1C)、99.0(1C)、100.6(1C)、103.3(1C)、117.0(1C)、117.3(1C)、120.0(1C)、120.1(1C)、123.5(2C)、124.0(2C)、124.4(1C)、125.6(4C)、126.0(4C)、128.1(1C)、128.3(2C)、128.8(4C)、129.0(1C)、129.1(4C)、130.0(2C)、130.2(2C)、130.5(1C)、130.6(2C)、130.7(2C)、130.8(2C)、131.2(1C)、135.0(1C)、135.1(1C)、141.7(1C)、141.8(1C)、142.1(1C)、143.0(1C)、146.5(2C)、146.7(2C)、147.1(1C)、146.8(1C)、147.8(1C)、147.9(1C)、148.0(1C)、151.1(1C)、151.2(1C)、152.3(1C)、159.2(1C)、161.9(1C).
化合物(1-31):2,18-ジメチル-N7,N7,N13,N13,9,11-ヘキサパラトリル-5,9,11,15-テトラヒドロ-5,9,11,15-テトラアザ-19b,20b-ジボラジナフト[3,2,1-de:1',2',3'-jk]ペンタセン-7,13-ジアミンの合成
窒素雰囲気下、1,3-ジブロモ-5-クロロベンゼン(13.7g、51mmol)、メタジトリルアミン(19.8g、0.10mol)、Pd2(dba)3(0.93g、1.0mmol)、2-ジシクロヘキシルフェニルホスフィノ-2’,6’-ジメトキシジフェニル(SPhos:0.838g、2.0mmol)、NaOtBu(14.6g、0.15mol)およびトルエン(640ml)の入ったフラスコを80℃に加熱し、1.5時間撹拌した。水を加え反応を停止後、トルエンを用いて抽出を行った。溶媒を留去して得られた粗体をシリカゲルカラム(溶離液:ヘプタン:トルエン=6:4(容量比))を用いて精製することで、5-クロロ-N1,N1,N3,N3-テトラメタトリルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(27.0g、収率84%)を白色ペーストとして得た。
窒素雰囲気下、N1,N3-ジフェニルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(4.22g、16mmol)、5-クロロ-N1,N1,N3,N3-テトラメタトリルベンゼン-1,3-ジアミン(21.5g、43mmol)、Pd-132(0.12g、0.17mmol)、NaOtBu(3.89g、40mmol)およびトルエン(80ml)の入ったフラスコを110℃に加熱し、2時間撹拌した。水を加え反応を停止後、トルエンを用いて抽出を行った。溶媒を留去して得られた粗体をシリカゲルカラム(溶離液:トルエン)を用いて精製し、得られた粗生成物をヘプタンで再沈殿することで、N1,N1’-(1,3-フェニレン)ビス(N1-フェニル-N3,N3,N5,N5-テトラメタトリルベンゼン-1,3,5-トリアミン(19.9g、収率80%)を白色固体として得た。
N1,N1’-(1,3-フェニレン)ビス(N1-フェニル-N3,N3,N5,N5-テトラメタトリルベンゼン-1,3,5-トリアミン(0.661g、0.5mmol)およびオルトジクロロベンゼン(10ml)の入ったフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、室温で三臭化ホウ素(0.819ml、2.0mmol)を加えた。滴下終了後、180℃まで昇温して24時間撹拌した。その後、再び室温まで冷却してN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(1.28ml、7.5mmol)を加え、発熱が収まるまで撹拌した。その後、60℃で減圧下、反応溶液を留去した。次いで、シリカゲルを用いて濾過し(溶離液:トルエン)、溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物を得た。得られた粗生成物をトルエンで洗浄することで、化合物(1-31)を得た(0.365g、収率59%)。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=2.32(s,12H)、2.39(s,6H)、2.47(s,6H)、2.59(s,6H)、5.47-5.51(m,4H)、5.97(s,1H)、6.80(d,2H)、6.87-6.94(m,20H)、7.05(d,4H)、7.18(d,4H)、7.27(d,2H)、7.31(d,4H)、9.00(s,2H)、10.5(s,1H).
13C-NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):20.4(4C)、20.6(2C)、20.7(1C)、21.0(2C)、97.8(2C)、97.9(2C)、103.5(1C)、116.7(2C)、125.7(8C)、128.1(2C)、129.0(8C)、129.5(4C)、130.0(4C)、130.1(4C)、130.7(4C)、131.2(2C)、132.6(4C)、134.7(2C)、136.5(2C)、137.3(2C)、139.6(2C)、140.1(2C)、143.0(1C)、144.1(4C)、146.1(2C)、147.9(2C+2C)、150.1(2C)、151.1(2C).
サンプルの準備
評価対象の化合物の吸収特性と発光特性(蛍光と燐光)を評価する場合、評価対象の化合物を溶媒に溶解して溶媒中で評価する場合と薄膜状態で評価する場合がある。さらに、薄膜状態で評価する場合は、評価対象の化合物の有機EL素子における使用の態様に応じて、評価対象の化合物のみを薄膜化し評価する場合と評価対象の化合物を適切なマトリックス材料中に分散して薄膜化して評価する場合がある。
前記サンプルの吸収スペクトルの測定は、紫外可視近赤外分光光度計((株)島津製作所、UV-2600)を用いて行った。また、前記サンプルの蛍光スペクトルまたは燐光スペクトルの測定は、分光蛍光光度計(日立ハイテク(株)製、F-7000)を用いて行った。
蛍光寿命測定装置(浜松ホトニクス(株)製、C11367-01)を用いて300Kで蛍光寿命を測定する。適切な励起波長で測定される極大発光波長において蛍光寿命の早い成分と遅い成分を観測する。蛍光を発光する一般的な有機EL材料の室温における蛍光寿命測定では、熱による3重項成分の失活により、燐光に由来する3重項成分が関与する遅い成分が観測されることはほとんどない。評価対象の化合物において遅い成分が観測された場合は、励起寿命の長い3重項エネルギーが熱活性化により1重項エネルギーに移動して遅延蛍光として観測されたことを示すことになる。
前述の方法で得られた吸収スペクトルの長波長末端A(nm)からEg=1240/Aで算出される。
一重項励起エネルギー(ES)は、蛍光スペクトルの極大発光波長B(nm)からES=1240/Bで算出される。また、三重項励起エネルギー(ET)は、燐光スペクトルの極大発光波長C(nm)からET=1240/Cで算出される。
[吸収特性]
化合物(1-1)を1重量%の濃度でPMMAに分散した薄膜形成基板(石英製)を準備し吸収スペクトルの測定を行った(図2)。その結果、可視光領域で極大吸収波長は457nmであった。また、化合物(1-1)のみからなる薄膜形成基板を準備し吸収スペクトルを測定した結果、吸収スペクトルの長波長吸収端は477nmとなり、Eg=2.60eVと算出され、適切なエネルギーギャップを持っていることが分かった。
蛍光スペクトルの測定は、化合物(1-1)を1重量%の濃度でPMMAに分散した薄膜形成基板(石英製)を準備し、励起波長340nmで励起してフォトルミネッセンスを測定した(図2)。その結果、極大発光波長は467nmであった。これより、ESは2.66eVと算出される。また、同じ基板を準備し、励起波長340nmで励起して蛍光量子収率を測定した結果、92%と高い値であった。
国際公開第2015/102118号公報に開示された式(1-2676)の化合物を比較化合物1とした。本発明の化合物(1-1)を比較化合物1に変更した以外は化合物(1-1)の実施例と同様の方法でΔESTを算出した。蛍光スペクトルの極大発光波長は469nm、燐光スペクトルの極大発光波長は502nmとなり、ΔESTは0.17eVと算出された。このΔESTの値は熱活性化遅延蛍光を得るのに十分小さい値であるが、本発明の化合物(1-1)と比べて大きく、熱活性化遅延蛍光を発現する有機EL素子構成に対しては外部量子効率が化合物(1-1)より低くなることが予想される。
国際公開第2015/102118号公報に開示された式(1-422)の化合物を比較化合物2とした。本発明の化合物(1-1)を比較化合物2に変更した以外は化合物(1-1)の実施例と同様の方法で評価を行った。その結果、蛍光スペクトルの極大発光波長は477nmとなり、化合物(1-1)と比較して10nmも大きい発光波長であり、深い青色を達成できていない結果であった。
化合物(1-1)と同条件にて化合物(1-201)をPMMAに分散した薄膜形成基板を作製し、吸収スペクトルおよび発光スペクトルの測定を行った(図3)。なお、発光スペクトル測定時の励起波長は375nmである。その結果、蛍光スペクトルの極大発光波長は438nmであった。また、同じ基板を準備し、励起波長375nmで励起し蛍光量子収率を測定した結果、87%と高い値であった。更に、燐光スペクトルの極大発光波長は466nmであった。これより、ETは2.66eVとなり、高い値を示すことがわかった。ΔESTを算出すると0.17eVとなった。
化合物(1-1)と同条件にて化合物(1-101)をPMMAに分散した薄膜形成基板を作製し、吸収スペクトルおよび発光スペクトルの測定を行った(図4)。なお、発光スペクトル測定時の励起波長は407nmである。その結果、蛍光スペクトルの極大発光波長は457nmであった。また、同じ基板を準備し、励起波長407nmで励起し蛍光量子収率を測定した結果、91%と高い値であった。更に、燐光スペクトルの極大発光波長は461nmであった。これより、ETは2.69eVとなり、高い値を示すことがわかった。ΔESTを算出すると0.02eVとなった。
化合物(1-1)と同条件にて化合物(1-9)をPMMAに分散した薄膜形成基板を作製し、吸収スペクトルおよび発光スペクトルの測定を行った(図5)。なお、発光スペクトル測定時の励起波長は374nmである。その結果、蛍光スペクトルの極大発光波長は473nmであった。また、同じ基板を準備し、励起波長374nmで励起し蛍光量子収率を測定した結果、89%と高い値であった。更に、燐光スペクトルの極大発光波長は477nmであった。これより、ETは2.60eVとなり、高い値を示すことがわかった。ΔESTを算出すると0.02eVとなった。
以上のように、本発明の化合物は、適切なエネルギーギャップ(Eg)、高い三重項励起エネルギー(ET)および小さいΔESTを特徴として有しているため、例えば発光層および電荷輸送層への適用が期待でき、特に発光層への適用が期待できる。
評価項目としては、駆動電圧(V)、発光波長(nm)、CIE色度(x,y)、外部量子効率(%)、発光スペクトルの最大波長(nm)および半値幅(nm)などがある。これらの評価項目は、適切な発光輝度時の値を用いることができる。
実施例および比較例に係る有機EL素子を作製し、電圧を印加して電流密度、輝度、色度および外部量子効率などを測定した。作製した有機EL素子の構成として、以下の構成A(表1および表3)、構成B(表2)、構成C(表4)および構成D(表5)の4つを選定し評価を行った。構成A、CおよびDは熱活性化型遅延蛍光用材料に適合した構成であり、構成Bはより一般的な構成である。構成Aは文献(Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 2777-2781)で示された高い効率を期待できる素子構成である。構成Cは文献(Scientific Reports, 6, 2016, 22463)で示された比較的高い効率と長期間の駆動安定性を期待できる素子構成である。構成Dは文献(Thin Solid Films, 619, 2016, 120-124)で示された、構成AおよびCとは異なるホスト材料を適応した素子構成である。ただし、本発明の化合物の適用はこれらの構成に限定されず、各層の膜厚や構成材料は本発明の化合物の基礎物性によって適宜変更することができる。
<構成A:化合物(1-1)をドーパントとした素子>
スパッタリングにより200nmの厚さに製膜したITOを150nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス製)を透明支持基板とした。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置(昭和真空(株)製)の基板ホルダーに固定し、HI、HT、EB、EMH1、化合物(1-1)、ETおよびLiFをそれぞれ入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、アルミニウムを入れたタングステン製蒸着用ボートを装着した。
<構成A:比較化合物1をドーパントとした素子>
ドーパントを変更した以外は実施例1と同様の手順および構成にてEL素子を得た。その結果を図6および図7に示す。7V印加時の輝度は322cd/m2となり、250cd/m2発光時の色度はCIE色度(x,y)=(0.126,0.108)となり、50cd/m2、100cd/m2および250cd/m2発光時の外部量子効率は、それぞれ、14.0%、12.0%および9.0%となった。実施例1と比較して達成輝度が低く、外部量子効率が低く、かつロールオフも大きい結果であった。
<構成B:化合物(1-1)をドーパントとした素子>
構成Aと同様の手順で構成BのEL素子を得た。ただし、EMH2と化合物(1-1)の重量比に関してはおよそ98対2になるように蒸着速度を調節した。その結果、1000cd/m2発光時の印加電圧は4.1V、外部量子効率は6.7%、発光スペクトル(図8)は極大発光波長は471nm、半値幅は18nmとなり、CIE色度(x,y)=(0.118,0.106)となった。特に発光スペクトルの半値幅が小さく深い青色を達成できている。このような狭い半値幅によって深い青色の色度と低波長領域のカットを同時に達成することが可能となり、目や生体リズムに優しいデバイス設計にも対応可能となる。
<構成B:比較化合物1をドーパントとした素子>
ドーパントを変更した以外は実施例2と同様の手順および構成にてEL素子を得た。その結果、1000cd/m2発光時の印加電圧は4.1V、外部量子効率は6.6%、発光スペクトル(図8)は極大発光波長は468nm、半値幅は26nmとなり、CIE色度(x,y)=(0.124,0.111)となった。化合物(1-1)と比べて印加電圧や外部量子効率は同等であるが、半値幅が広い結果となった。
<構成A:比較化合物2をドーパントとした素子>
スパッタリングにより200nmの厚さに製膜したITOを150nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス製)を透明支持基板とした。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置(昭和真空(株)製)の基板ホルダーに固定し、HI、HT、EB、EMH1、比較化合物2、ETおよびLiFをそれぞれ入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、アルミニウムを入れたタングステン製蒸着用ボートを装着した。
<構成A:化合物(1-9)をドーパントとした素子>
ドーパントを変更した以外は比較例3と同様の手順および構成にてEL素子を得た。100cd/m2発光時の発光スペクトルは半値幅(FWHM)21nmでピーク波長473nmであり非常に細い発光が見られ、色度はCIE色度(x,y)=(0.105,0.210)となり比較例3と比べて若干深い青色であった。また、100cd/m2発光時の外部量子効率は19.0%であり、比較例3と比較して外部量子効率が高かった。
<構成A:化合物(1-31)をドーパントとした素子>
ドーパントを変更した以外は比較例3と同様の手順および構成にてEL素子を得られる。
<構成A:化合物(1-2001)をドーパントとした素子>
ドーパントを変更した以外は比較例3と同様の手順および構成にてEL素子を得た。100cd/m2発光時の発光スペクトルは半値幅(FWHM)22nmでピーク波長464nmであり非常に細い発光が見られ、色度はCIE色度(x,y)=(0.132,0.079)となり比較例3よりも非常に深い青色であった。また、100cd/m2発光時の外部量子効率は14.0%であり、比較例3と比較して外部量子効率は高かった。
<構成C:化合物(1-1)をドーパントに用いた素子>
スパッタリングにより製膜したITOを50nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス)を透明支持基板とする。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置((株)長州産業)の基板ホルダーに固定し、HAT-CN、Tris-PCz、EMH1、化合物(1-1)、T2T、BPy-TP2およびLiFをそれぞれ入れたタンタル製蒸着用ルツボ、およびアルミニウムを入れた窒化アルミニウム製蒸着用ルツボを装着する。
<構成D:化合物(1-1)をドーパントに用いた素子>
スパッタリングにより製膜したITOを50nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス)を透明支持基板とする。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置((株)長州産業)の基板ホルダーに固定し、HAT-CN、Tris-PCz、EB、化合物(3-262)、化合物(1-1)、BPy-TP2およびLiFをそれぞれ入れたタンタル製蒸着用ルツボ、およびアルミニウムを入れた窒化アルミニウム製蒸着用ルツボを装着する。
<構成A:化合物(1-1)をドーパントに、化合物(5-201)をホストに用いた素子>
スパッタリングにより200nmの厚さに製膜したITOを150nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス製)を透明支持基板とした。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置(長州産業(株)製)の基板ホルダーに固定し、HI、HT、EB、化合物(5-201)、化合物(1-1)およびETをそれぞれ入れたタンタル製蒸着用ボート、LiFおよびアルミニウムをそれぞれ入れた窒化アルミニウム製蒸着用ボートを装着した。
<構成A:化合物(1-1)をドーパントに、化合物(5-102)をホストに用いた素子>
ホストを化合物(5-102)に変更した以外は実施例8と同様の手順および構成にてEL素子を得た。100cd/m2発光時の発光スペクトルは半値幅(FWHM)21nmでピーク波長471nmであり非常に高い色純度の発光が見られ、色度はCIE色度(x,y)=(0.118,0.137)となり深い青色であった。また、100cd/m2発光時の外部量子効率は28.0%であり、非常に高い量子効率が得られた。
<構成A:比較化合物1をドーパントに、化合物(5-102)をホストに用いた素子>
ドーパントを比較化合物1にホストを化合物(5-102)に変更した以外は実施例8と同様の手順および構成にてEL素子を得た。100cd/m2発光時の発光スペクトルは半値幅(FWHM)28nmでピーク波長465nmであり実施例8および9よりも色純度が劣る発光が見られ、色度はCIE色度(x,y)=(0.128,0.124)であった。一方、100cd/m2発光時の外部量子効率は15.4%であり、実施例8および9と比べて低い量子効率であった。
<構成A:化合物(1-1)をドーパントに、化合物(5-102)をホストに用いた素子>
スパッタリングにより200nmの厚さに製膜したITOを150nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス製)を透明支持基板とした。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置(長州産業(株)製)の基板ホルダーに固定し、HI、HT、EB、化合物(5-102)、化合物(1-1)およびETをそれぞれ入れたタンタル製蒸着用ボート、LiFおよびアルミニウムをそれぞれ入れた窒化アルミニウム製蒸着用ボートを装着した。
101 基板
102 陽極
103 正孔注入層
104 正孔輸送層
105 発光層
106 電子輸送層
107 電子注入層
108 陰極
Claims (17)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される多環芳香族化合物。
A環、B環、C環およびD環は、それぞれ独立して、アリール環またはヘテロアリール環であり、これらの環における少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>O、>N-R、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールまたは置換されていてもよいアルキルであり、また、前記>N-RのRは連結基または単結合により前記A環、B環、C環および/またはD環と結合していてもよく、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリールまたはジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)であり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいジアリールアミノ、置換されていてもよいジヘテロアリールアミノ、置換されていてもよいアリールヘテロアリールアミノ、置換されていてもよいアルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールオキシ、置換されていてもよいアリールチオまたは置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールチオであり、Z1は連結基または単結合で前記A環と結合してもよく、Z2は連結基または単結合で前記C環と結合してもよく、そして、
式(1)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。) - A環、B環、C環およびD環は、それぞれ独立して、アリール環またはヘテロアリール環であり、これらの環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオ、ヘテロアリールチオまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリールまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、また、A環およびB環はY、X1およびX2から構成される上記式左の縮合2環構造と結合を共有する5員環または6員環を有し、C環およびD環はY、X3およびX4から構成される上記式右の縮合2環構造と結合を共有する5員環または6員環を有し、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>O、>N-R、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、アリール、ヘテロアリールまたはアルキルであり、Rにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオ、ヘテロアリールチオまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、また、前記>N-RのRは、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記A環、B環、C環および/またはD環と結合していてもよく、前記-C(-R)2-のRは水素またはアルキルであり、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリールまたはジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)であり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオまたはヘテロアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、Z1は、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記A環と結合していてもよく、Z2は、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記C環と結合していてもよく、前記-C(-R)2-のRは水素またはアルキルであり、そして、
式(1)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい、
請求項1に記載する多環芳香族化合物。 - 下記一般式(2)で表される、請求項1に記載する多環芳香族化合物。
R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、水素、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオ、ヘテロアリールチオまたはアルキル置換シリルであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリールまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、また、R5~R7およびR10~R12のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してb環および/またはd環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオ、ヘテロアリールチオまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリールまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>O、>N-R、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルであり、また、前記>N-RのRは、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記a環、b環、c環および/またはd環と結合していてもよく、前記-C(-R)2-のRは水素または炭素数1~6のアルキルであり、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールであり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アリールチオまたはヘテロアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アルキルまたはアルキル置換シリルで置換されていてもよく、Z1は、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記a環と結合してもよく、Z2は、-O-、-S-、-C(-R)2-または単結合により前記c環と結合してもよく、前記-C(-R)2-のRは水素または炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、そして、
式(2)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。) - R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリールオキシまたは炭素数6~12のアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数6~12のアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、また、R5~R7およびR10~R12のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してb環および/またはd環と共に炭素数9~16のアリール環または炭素数6~15のヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数6~12のアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>Oまたは>N-Rであり、前記>N-RのRは、炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数1~4のアルキルであり、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールであり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~12のアリール)、炭素数1~12のアルキル、炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~30のアリールオキシ、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリールオキシ、炭素数6~30のアリールチオまたは炭素数2~30のヘテロアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリール、炭素数1~12のアルキルまたはトリアルキル置換シリル(ただしアルキルは炭素数1~6のアルキル)で置換されていてもよく、そして、
式(2)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい、
請求項3に記載する多環芳香族化合物。 - R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11およびR12は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルであり、
YはB(ホウ素)であり、
X1、X2、X3およびX4は、それぞれ独立して、>Oまたは>N-Rであり、前記>N-RのRは、炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数1~4のアルキルであり、
R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数1~6のアルキルまたは炭素数6~12のアリールであり、
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数6~16のアリール、炭素数2~15のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~10のアリール)、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリールオキシまたは炭素数6~12のアリールチオであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数1~6のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、そして、
式(2)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素はシアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい、
請求項3に記載する多環芳香族化合物。 - 下記いずれかの式で表される、請求項1に記載の多環芳香族化合物。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載する多環芳香族化合物を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
- 前記有機デバイス用材料は、有機電界発光素子用材料、有機電界効果トランジスタ用材料または有機薄膜太陽電池用材料である、請求項7に記載する有機デバイス用材料。
- 前記有機電界発光素子用材料が発光層用材料である、請求項8に記載する有機デバイス用材料。
- 有機電界発光素子の発光層を塗布形成するための発光層形成用組成物であって、
第1成分として、少なくとも1種の請求項1~6のいずれかに記載する多環芳香族化合物と、
第2成分として、少なくとも1種のホスト材料と、
第3成分として、少なくとも1種の有機溶媒と、
を含む発光層形成用組成物。 - 陽極および陰極からなる一対の電極と、該一対の電極間に配置され、請求項9に記載する発光層用材料を含有する発光層とを有する、有機電界発光素子。
- 陽極および陰極からなる一対の電極と、該一対の電極間に配置され、請求項10に記載する発光層形成用組成物を塗布・乾燥して形成した発光層とを有する、有機電界発光素子。
- 前記発光層はさらに下記一般式(5)で表される化合物を含有する、請求項11~13のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
R1~R11は、それぞれ独立して、水素、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールへテロアリールアミノまたはアルキルであり、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
R1~R11のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環またはc環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノまたはアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
式(5)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、それぞれ独立して、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されてもよい。 - 前記陰極と該発光層との間に配置される電子輸送層および/または電子注入層を有し、該電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つは、ボラン誘導体、ピリジン誘導体、フルオランテン誘導体、BO系誘導体、アントラセン誘導体、ベンゾフルオレン誘導体、ホスフィンオキサイド誘導体、ピリミジン誘導体、カルバゾール誘導体、トリアジン誘導体、ベンゾイミダゾール誘導体、フェナントロリン誘導体およびキノリノール系金属錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項11~14のいずれかに記載する有機電界発光素子。
- 前記電子輸送層および/または電子注入層が、さらに、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類金属、アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、希土類金属の酸化物、希土類金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属の有機錯体、アルカリ土類金属の有機錯体および希土類金属の有機錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項15に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 請求項11~16のいずれかに記載する有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置または照明装置。
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CN110612304A (zh) | 2019-12-24 |
KR20240055908A (ko) | 2024-04-29 |
EP3626722A4 (en) | 2021-03-03 |
JP7202572B2 (ja) | 2023-01-12 |
JPWO2018212169A1 (ja) | 2020-03-19 |
KR102661359B1 (ko) | 2024-04-25 |
CN116987108A (zh) | 2023-11-03 |
TW201900656A (zh) | 2019-01-01 |
JP2023051972A (ja) | 2023-04-11 |
EP3626722A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
TWI844513B (zh) | 2024-06-11 |
US20200190115A1 (en) | 2020-06-18 |
KR20200006965A (ko) | 2020-01-21 |
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