TWI592436B - 共聚碳酸酯及含彼的組成物 - Google Patents

共聚碳酸酯及含彼的組成物 Download PDF

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TWI592436B
TWI592436B TW104138791A TW104138791A TWI592436B TW I592436 B TWI592436 B TW I592436B TW 104138791 A TW104138791 A TW 104138791A TW 104138791 A TW104138791 A TW 104138791A TW I592436 B TWI592436 B TW I592436B
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chemical formula
group
bis
copolycarbonate
repeating unit
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TW104138791A
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TW201627351A (zh
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朴正濬
潘亨旼
黃英榮
洪武鎬
李琪載
金玟錠
田炳圭
高雲
孫泳旭
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Ｌｇ化學股份有限公司
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Description

共聚碳酸酯及含彼的組成物 〔相關申請案的交互參照〕
本申請案主張向韓國智慧財產局(Korean Intellectual Property Office)於2014年12月4日申請之韓國專利申請案第10-2014-0173005號、於2015年7月23日申請之韓國專利申請案第10-2015-0104643號和於2015年11月13日申請之韓國專利案第10-2015-0159660號的權益，該等申請案之揭示以全文引用方式併入本文中。
本發明關於共聚碳酸酯和含彼的組成物，且更具體而言關於經濟地製造且同時具有改良的低溫衝擊強度和改良的YI(黃色指數)(彼等為彼此衝突的性質)之共聚碳酸酯，及關於一種含彼的組成物。
聚碳酸酯樹脂係藉由芳族二醇諸如雙酚A與碳酸酯前驅物諸如光氣之縮合聚合製備並具有極佳衝擊強度、尺寸穩定性、耐熱性和透明性。因此，聚碳酸酯樹脂具有在廣 泛用途的應用，諸如電氣和電子產品、汽車零件、建築材料、及光學元件的外部材料。
最近，為了將這些聚碳酸酯樹脂應用至更多不同的領域，已經進行了許多研究，以藉由共聚合二或多種彼此具有不同結構的芳族二醇化合物並將具有不同結構的單元引入聚碳酸酯的主鏈來獲得所要的物理性質。
尤其，已進行對於聚碳酸酯的主鏈中引入聚矽氧烷結構的研究，但大多數這些技術有高生產成本是的缺點，當耐化學性或衝擊強度(尤其在低溫衝擊強度)增加時，YI(黃色指數)或類似者降低。
鑑於上述情況，本發明人已進行了深入的研究，以克服上述先前技術中遇到的缺點，並開發同時具有改良的低溫衝擊強度和改良的YI(黃色指數)之聚碳酸酯，且發現一種如下所述的特定矽氧烷化合物被引入聚碳酸酯的主鏈之共聚碳酸酯滿足上述性質。根據該一發現已經完成本發明。
本發明之一目的為提供一種同時具有改良的低溫衝擊強度和改良的YI(黃色指數)之共聚碳酸酯。
本發明之另一目的為一種包含上述共聚碳酸酯之組成物。
為了達成此等目的，本發明提供一種下述共聚碳酸酯：
(1)一種共聚碳酸酯，其包含：以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第一重複單元；及一或多種具有矽氧烷鍵的以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第二重複單元，其中該共聚碳酸酯具有如根據ASTM D1925測得之2至6.5的YI(黃色指數)，及根據ASTM D256(1/8吋，缺口衝擊(Notched Izod))在-30℃下測得之600至1000J/m的低溫衝擊強度。
較佳地，YI(黃色指數)為不小於2，且不大於6.0、不大於5.5、不大於5.0、不大於4.5、不大於4.0、不大於3.5、不大於3.0、或不大於2.5。
且，較佳地，低溫衝擊強度為不小於600J/m、不小於650J/m、不小於700J/m、不小於710J/m、不小於720J/m、不小於730J/m、不小於740J/m、或不小於750J/m。此外，較佳地，當該值為高的時，低溫衝擊強度是極佳的，且因此其並不限於任何上限值。然而，作為一個實例，其可為不大於990J/m、不大於980J/m、不大於970J/m、不大於960J/m、不大於950J/m、不大於940J/m、不大於930J/m、不大於920J/m、或不大於910J/m。
(2)較佳地，上述(1)項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該共聚碳酸酯具有根據ASTM D256(1/8吋，缺口衝擊)在23℃下測得之840至1000J/m的室溫衝擊強度。
更佳地，室溫衝擊強度為不小於850J/m、不小於860J/m、不小於870J/m、不小於880J/m、不小於890J/m、不小於900J/m、不小於910J/m、不小於920J/m、不小於930J/m、不小於940J/m、不小於950J/m、或不小於960J/m。此外，當該值為高的時，室溫衝擊強度是極佳的，且因此其並不限於任何上限值。然而，作為一個實例，其可為不大於990J/m、不大於980J/m、或不大於970J/m。
(3)且，較佳地，上述(1)或(2)項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該共聚碳酸酯具有1,000至100,000g/mol，更佳為15,000至35,000g/mol之重量平均分子量。在此重量平均分子量的範圍內，該共聚碳酸酯具有提供極佳延性和YI(黃色指數)的效果。
更佳地，上述重量平均分子量為不小於20,000g/mol、不小於21,000g/mol、不小於22,000g/mol、不小於23,000g/mol、不小於24,000g/mol、不小於25,000g/mol、不小於26,000g/mol、不小於27,000g/mol、或不小於28,000g/mol。且，上述重量平均分子量為不大於34,000g/mol、不大於33,000g/mol、或不大於32,000g/mol。
(4)此外，較佳地，上述(1)至(3)項中任一項之共聚碳酸酯，其包含二種具有矽氧烷鍵的以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第二重複單元。
(5)此外，較佳地，上述(1)至(4)項中任一項 之共聚碳酸酯，其中以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第一重複單元和一或多種具有矽氧烷鍵的以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第二重複單元的莫耳比為1：0.001-0.006，及/或其重量比為1：0.01-0.03。
(6)此外，較佳地，上述(1)至(5)項中任一項之共聚碳酸酯，其中，特別地，以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第一重複單元係藉由芳族二醇化合物和碳酸酯前驅物反應而形成，較佳為以下列化學式1表示的共聚碳酸酯：
在化學式1中，R1、R2、R3和R4各自獨立地為氫、C1-10烷基、C1-10烷氧基、或鹵素，Z為未經取代或經苯基取代之C1-10伸烷基、未經取代或經C1-10烷基取代之C3-15伸環烷基、O、S、SO、SO2、或CO。
較佳地，R1、R2、R3和R4各自獨立地為氫、甲基、氯基、或溴基。
更佳地，Z為未經取代或經苯基取代之直鏈或支鏈C1-10伸烷基，及更佳為亞甲基、乙烷-1,1-二基、丙烷-2,2-二基、丁烷-2,2-二基、1-苯基乙烷-1,1-二基或二苯基亞甲基。更佳地，Z為環己烷-1,1-二基、O、S、SO、 SO2、或CO。
較佳地，以化學式1表示的重複單元可衍生自一或多種選自由下列所組成群組之芳族二醇化合物：雙(4-羥基苯基)甲烷、雙(4-羥基苯基)醚、雙(4-羥基苯基)碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)亞碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)硫醚、雙(4-羥基苯基)酮、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)乙烷、雙酚A、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)丁烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)環己烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二溴苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-溴苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-甲基苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二甲基苯基)丙烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-1-苯基乙烷、雙(4-羥基苯基)二苯基甲烷、及α,ω-雙[3-(鄰-羥基苯基)丙基]聚二甲基矽氧烷。
如本文所用，“衍生自芳族二醇化合物”意指芳族二醇化合物之羥基和碳酸酯前驅物反應而形成以化學式1表示的重複單元。
例如，當雙酚A(其為芳族二醇化合物)和三光氣(其為碳酸酯前驅物)聚合時，該以化學式1表示的重複單元為以下列化學式1-1表示的重複單元：
本文所用之碳酸酯前驅物可包括一或多種選自由下列所組成之群組：碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸二丁酯、碳酸二己酯、碳酸二苯酯、碳酸二甲苯酯、雙(氯苯基)碳酸酯、碳酸二間-甲苯酚基酯、碳酸二萘酯、雙(二苯基)碳酸酯、光氣、三光氣、雙光氣、溴基光氣和雙鹵甲酸酯。較佳地，可使用三光氣或光氣。
(7)此外，較佳地，上述(1)至(6)項中任一項之共聚碳酸酯，其中一或多種具有矽氧烷鍵的以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第二重複單元係藉由令一或多種矽氧烷化合物和碳酸酯前驅物反應而形成，且其較佳包含以下列化學式2表示的重複單元和以下列化學式3表示的重複單元：
在化學式2中，X1分別獨立地為C1-10伸烷基，R5分別獨立地為氫；未經取代或經下列取代之C1-15 烷基：環氧乙烷基、經環氧乙烷基取代之C1-10烷氧基、或C6-20芳基；鹵素；C1-10烷氧基；烯丙基；C1-10鹵烷基；或C6-20芳基，及n為10至200的整數，
在化學式3中，X2分別獨立地為C1-10伸烷基，Y1分別獨立地為氫、C1-6烷基、鹵素、羥基、C1-6烷氧基或C6-20芳基，R6分別獨立地為氫；或未經取代或經下列取代之C1-15烷基：環氧乙烷基、經環氧乙烷基取代之C1-10烷氧基、或C6-20芳基；鹵素；C1-10烷氧基；烯丙基；C1-10鹵烷基；或C6-20芳基，及m為10至200的整數。
在化學式2中，X1較佳分別獨立地為C2-10伸烷基，更佳為C2-4伸烷基，及最佳為丙烷-1,3-二基。
且，較佳地，R5分別獨立地為氫、甲基、乙基、丙基、3-苯基丙基、2-苯基丙基、3-(氧環丙烷基甲氧基)丙基、氟基、氯基、溴基、碘基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、烯丙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、3,3,3-三氟丙基、苯基、或萘基。此外，R5較佳分別獨立地為C1-10烷基，更佳為 C1-6烷基，又更佳為C1-3烷基，及最佳為甲基。
此外，較佳地，n為不小於10、不小於15、不小於20、不小於25、不小於30、不小於31、或不小於32；且不大於50、不大於45、不大於40、不大於39、不大於38、或不大於37的整數。
在化學式3中，X2較佳分別獨立地為C2-10伸烷基，更佳為C2-6伸烷基，及最佳為伸異丁基。
此外，較佳地，Y1為氫。
此外，較佳地，R6分別獨立地為氫、甲基、乙基、丙基、3-苯基丙基、2-苯基丙基、3-(環氧乙烷基甲氧基)丙基、氟基、氯基、溴基、碘基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、烯丙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、3,3,3-三氟丙基、苯基、或萘基。此外，較佳地，R6分別獨立地為C1-10烷基，更佳為C1-6烷基，又更佳為C1-3烷基，及最佳為甲基。
較佳地，m為不小於40、不小於45、不小於50、不小於55、不小於56、不小於57、或不小於58；且不大於80、不大於75、不大於70、不大於65、不大於64、不大於63、或不大於62。
以化學式2表示的重複單元和以化學式3表示的重複單元係分別衍生自以下列化學式2-1表示的矽氧烷化合物和以下列化學式3-1表示的矽氧烷化合物：
在化學式2-1中，X1、R5和n係與前文所定義者相同。
在化學式3-1中，X2、Y1、R6和m係與前文所定義者相同。
如本文所用，“衍生自矽氧烷化合物”意指各個矽氧烷化合物之羥基和碳酸酯前驅物反應以形成以化學式2表示的重複單元和以化學式3表示的重複單元。此外，可用於形成以化學式2和3表示的重複單元之碳酸酯前驅物係與針對可用於形成上述以化學式1表示的重複單元之碳酸酯前驅物所述者相同。
用於製備以化學式2-1表示的矽氧烷化合物和以化學式3-1表示的矽氧烷化合物之方法分別係以下列反應流程1和2表示：
在上述反應流程1中，X1'為C2-10烯基，及X1、R5和n係與前文所定義者相同。
在上述反應流程2中，X2'為C2-10烯基，及X2、Y1、R6和m係與前文所定義者相同。
在反應流程1和反應流程2中，反應較佳係在金屬觸 媒存在下進行。作為金屬觸媒，較佳使用Pt觸媒。在此所使用之Pt觸媒可包括選自由下列所組成群組中之一或多者：Ashby觸媒、Karstedt觸媒、Lamoreaux觸媒、Speier觸媒、PtCl2(COD)、PtCl2(苯甲腈)2和H2PtBr6。金屬觸媒使用量，以100重量份之以化學式7或9表示的化合物為基準計，可為不小於0.001重量份、不小於0.005重量份、或不小於0.01重量份；且不大於1重量份、不大於0.1重量份、或不大於0.05重量份。
此外，上述反應溫度較佳為80至100℃。此外，上述反應時間較佳為1至5小時。
此外，以化學式7或9表示的化合物可藉由在酸觸媒存在下反應有機二矽氧烷和有機環矽氧烷而製備，及n和m可藉由調整反應物的量來調整。反應溫度較佳為50至70℃。且，反應時間較佳為1至6小時。
上述有機二矽氧烷可包括選自由下列所組成群組中之一或多者：四甲基二矽氧烷、四苯基二矽氧烷、六甲基二矽氧烷和六苯基二矽氧烷。此外，上述有機環矽氧烷可包括(例如)有機環四矽氧烷。作為其一實例，可包括八甲基環四矽氧烷和八苯基環四矽氧烷等等。
上述有機二矽氧烷使用量，以100重量份的有機環矽氧烷為基準計，可為不小於0.1重量份或不小於2重量份；且不大於10重量份或不大於8重量份。
上述可使用於本文中之酸觸媒包括選自由下列所組成群組中之一或多者：H2SO4、HClO4、AlCl3、SbCl5、 SnCl4和酸性白土(漂白土)。此外，酸觸媒使用量，以100重量份的有機環矽氧烷為基準計，可為不小於0.1重量份、不小於0.5重量份或不小於1重量份；且不大於10重量份、不大於5重量份或不大於3重量份。
特別地，藉由調整以化學式2表示的重複單元和以化學式3表示的重複單元之含量，可同時改良共聚碳酸酯的低溫衝擊強度和YI(黃色指數)。較佳地，重複單元之間的重量比可從1：99至99：1。較佳地，重量比係從3：97至97：3，從5：95至95：5，從10：90至90：10，或從15：85至85：15，及更佳為從20：80至80：20。上述重複單元之重量比對應於矽氧烷化合物(例如以化學式2-1表示的矽氧烷化合物和以化學式3-1表示的矽氧烷化合物)之重量比。
較佳地，以化學式2表示的重複單元為以下列化學式2-2表示的重複單元：
在化學2-2式中，R5和n係與前文所定義者相同。較佳地，R5為甲基。
且，較佳地，以化學式3表示的重複單元為以下列化學式3-2表示的重複單元：
在化學式3-2中，R6和m係與前文所定義者相同。較佳地，R6為甲基。
(8)此外，本發明提供一種共聚碳酸酯，其包括以化學式1-1表示的重複單元、以化學式2-2表示的重複單元、及以化學式3-2表示的重複單元全部。此外，本發明提供上述(1)至(7)項中任一項之共聚碳酸酯，其中共聚碳酸酯包含以化學式1-1表示的重複單元、以表示化學式2-2的重複單元、及以化學式3-2表示的重複單元全部。
(9)此外，本發明提供一種製備共聚碳酸酯之方法，其包含聚合芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯前驅物和一或多種矽氧烷化合物之步驟。
芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯前驅物和一或多種矽氧烷化合物係與前文所述者相同。
在聚合期間，上述一或多種矽氧烷化合物之使用量，以芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯前驅物和一或多種矽氧烷化合物之總共100重量%為基準計，可為不小於0.1重量%、不小於0.5重量%、不小於1重量%或不小於1.5重量%；且不大於20重量%、不大於10重量%、不大於7重量%、不大於5重量%、不大於4重量%、不大於3重量%或 不大於2重量%。且，上述芳族二醇化合物之使用量，以芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯前驅物和一或多種矽氧烷化合物之總共100重量%為基準計，可為不小於40重量%、不小於50重量%、或不小於55重量%；且不大於80重量%、不大於70重量%、或不大於65重量%。上述碳酸酯前驅物之使用量，以芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯前驅物和一或多種矽氧烷化合物之總共100重量%為基準計，可為不小於10重量%、不小於20重量%、或不小於30重量%；且不大於60重量%、不大於50重量%、或不大於40重量%。
此外，關於聚合方法，可使用界面聚合法作為一個實例。在此情況下，有聚合反應可在大氣壓於低溫下進行，及分子量容易控制的效果。上述界面聚合較佳在酸黏合劑和有機溶劑存在下進行。此外，上述界面聚合可包含(例如)進行預聚合，然後添加偶聯劑和再次進行聚合之步驟。在此情況下，可獲得具有高分子量的共聚碳酸酯。
沒有特別限制界面聚合中所使用的材料，只要彼等可使用於聚碳酸酯的聚合中即可。可根據需要可控制其使用量。
酸黏合劑可包括(例如)鹼金屬氫氧化物諸如氫氧化鈉或氫氧化鉀、或胺化合物諸如吡啶。
不特別限制有機溶劑，只要其為通常可使用於聚碳酸酯的聚合之溶劑即可。作為一個實例，可使用鹵化烴如二氯甲烷或氯苯。
此外，在界面聚合期間，反應加速劑，例如三級胺化 合物諸如三乙胺、溴化四正丁銨和溴化四正丁鏻、或四級銨化合物或四級鏻化合物，可進一步用於加速反應。
在界面聚合中，反應溫度較佳為從0至40℃和反應時間較佳為從10分鐘至5小時。此外，在界面聚合反應期間，pH較佳保持在不小於9、或不小於11。
此外，界面聚合可藉由進一步包括分子量改質劑進行。分子量改質劑可在聚合引發之前、聚合引發時、或聚合引發之後加入。
作為上述分子量改質劑，可使用單烷基酚。作為一個實例，單烷基酚為選自由下列所組成群組中之一或多者：對三級丁基酚、對-異丙苯基酚、癸基酚、十二基酚、十四基酚、十六基酚、十八基酚、二十基酚、二十二酚和三十基酚，及較佳為對三級丁基酚。在此情況下，調節分子量控制的效果很大。
上述分子量改質劑的含量，例如，以100重量份的芳族二醇化合物為基準計，為不小於0.01重量份、不小於0.1重量份或不小於1重量份，且其量為不大於10重量份、不大於6重量份、或不大於5重量份。在此範圍內，可獲得所要的分子量。
(10)此外，本發明提供一種包含上述共聚碳酸酯和聚碳酸酯之聚碳酸酯組成物。
共聚碳酸酯可單獨使用，但如需要控制共聚碳酸酯的物理性質時，其可與聚碳酸酯一起使用。
上述聚碳酸酯在聚碳酸酯的主鏈中不引入聚矽氧烷結 構。在此方面，其不同於根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯。
較佳地，上述聚碳酸酯包含以下列化學式4表示的重複單元：
在化學式4中，R'1、R'2、R'3和R'4各自獨立地為氫、C1-10烷基、C1-10烷氧基、或鹵素，Z'為未經取代或經苯基取代之C1-10伸烷基、未經取代或經C1-10烷基取代之C3-15伸環烷基、O、S、SO、SO2或CO。
此外，較佳地，上述聚碳酸酯具有15,000至35,000g/mol之重量平均分子量。更佳地，上述重量平均分子量(g/mol)為不小於20,000、不小於21,000、不小於22,000、不小於23,000、不小於24,000、不小於25,000、不小於26,000、不小於27,000、或不小於28,000。此外、上述重量平均分子量(g/mol)為不大於34,000、不大於33,000、或不大於32,000。
以化學式4表示的重複單元係藉由芳族二醇化合物和碳酸酯前驅物之反應而形成。可使用於本文中之芳族二醇化合物和碳酸酯前驅物與前文中針對以化學式1表示的重複單元所述者相同。
較佳地，化學式4中之R'1、R'2、R'3、R'4和Z'分別與前文中針對化學式1中之R1、R2、R3、R4和Z所述者相同。
此外，較佳地，以化學式4表示的重複單元為以下列化學式4-1表示的重複單元：
在聚碳酸酯組成物中，共聚碳酸酯和聚碳酸酯之重量比較佳為從99：1至1：99，更佳為從90：10至50：50，及最佳為從80：20至60：40。
(11)此外，本發明提供一種包含上述共聚碳酸酯或共聚碳酸酯組成物之物件。
較佳地，上述物件為射出模製物件。此外，該物件可進一步包含(例如)選自由下列所組成群組中之一或多者：抗氧化劑、熱穩定劑、光穩定劑、塑化劑、抗靜電劑、成核劑、阻燃劑、潤滑劑、衝擊增強劑、螢光增白劑、紫外線吸收劑、顏料和染料。
用於製備物件之方法可包含下列之步驟：使用混合器混合根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯和添加劑諸如抗氧化劑，用擠壓機將混合物擠壓模製以製造粒料，乾燥該粒料及然後用射出模製機射出乾燥的粒料。
如上所述，根據本發明，特定矽氧烷化合物被引入聚碳酸酯的主鏈之共聚碳酸酯同時具有提供改良的低溫衝擊強度和改良的YI(黃色指數)之特性。
以下，將提供較佳實施態樣以幫助本揭示的理解。然而，提供這些實施例僅用於舉例說明本發明，且不應被解釋為本發明受這些實施例限制。
製備例1：AP-PDMS(n=34)
混合47.60g(160mmol)的八甲基環四矽氧烷和2.40g(17.8mmol)的四甲基二矽氧烷。接著將混合物與相較於100重量份的八甲基環四矽氧烷之1重量份的酸性白土(DC-A3)一起放入3L燒瓶中，並在60℃下反應4小時。反應完成後，將反應產物用乙酸乙酯稀釋並使用矽藻土迅速過濾。1H NMR證實：由此製備之未改質的聚有機矽氧烷的重複單元(n)為34。
將4.81g(35.9mmol)的2-烯丙基酚和0.01g(50 ppm)的Karstedt氏鉑觸媒加至所得末端未改質的聚有機矽氧烷，並在90℃下反應3小時。反應完成後，藉由在120℃和1托的條件下進行蒸發移除未反應的矽氧烷。由此製備之末端改質的聚有機矽氧烷命名為AP-PDMS(n=34)。AP-PDMS為淡黃色油，使用Varian500 MHz的1H NMR證實：重複單元(n)為34，且不需要進一步純化。
製備例2：MBHB-PDMS(m=58)
混合47.60g(160mmol)的八甲基環四矽氧烷和1.5g(11mmol)的四甲基二矽氧烷。接著將混合物與相對於100重量份的八甲基環四矽氧烷之1重量份的酸性白土(DC-A3)一起引入3L燒瓶中，並在60℃下反應4小時。反應完成後，將反應產物用乙酸乙酯稀釋並使用矽藻土迅速過濾。1H NMR證實：由此製備之未改質的聚有機矽氧烷的重複單元(m)為58。
將6.13g(29.7mmol)的4-羥基苯甲酸3-甲基丁-3-烯基酯和0.01g(50ppm)的Karstedt氏鉑觸媒加至所得末端未改質的聚有機矽氧烷，並在90℃下反應3小時。反應完成後，藉由在120℃和1托的條件下進行蒸發移除未反應的矽氧烷。由此製備之末端改質的聚有機矽氧烷命名為MBHB-PDMS(m=58)。MBHB-PDMS為淡黃色油， 使用Varian500 MHz的1H NMR證實：重複單元(m)為58，且不需要進一步純化。
製備例3：丁香酚-PDMS
混合47.60g(160mmol)的八甲基環四矽氧烷和1.7g(13mmol)的四甲基二矽氧烷。接著將混合物與相對於100重量份的八甲基環四矽氧烷之1重量份的酸性白土(DC-A3)一起引入3L燒瓶中，並在60℃下反應4小時。反應完成後，將反應產物用乙酸乙酯稀釋並使用矽藻土迅速過濾。1H NMR證實：由此製備之未改質的聚有機矽氧烷的重複單元(n)為50。
將6.13g(29.7mmol)的丁香酚和0.01g(50ppm)的Karstedt氏鉑觸媒加至所得末端未改質的聚有機矽氧烷，並在90℃下反應3小時。反應完成後，藉由在120℃和1托的條件下進行蒸發移除未反應的矽氧烷。由此製備之末端改質的聚有機矽氧烷命名為丁香酚-PDMS。丁香酚-PDMS為淡黃色油，使用Varian500 MHz的1H NMR證實：重複單元(n)為50，且不需要進一步純化。
實施例1
將1784g的水、385g的NaOH和232g的BPA(雙酚A)加至聚合反應器中，並在N2氛圍下混合。將4.3g的PTBP(對-三級丁基酚)和5.91g的製備例1中所製備之AP-PDMS(n=34)和0.66g的製備例2中所製備之MBHB-PDMS(m=58)的混合溶液(90：10之重量比)溶解在MC(二氯甲烷)中且然後加入其中。之後，將128g的TPG(三光氣)溶解在MC中且將溶解之TPG溶液加至其中並反應1小時，同時將TPG溶液之pH保持於11或更高。10分鐘之後，對其添加46g的TEA(三乙胺)以進行偶合反應。1小時又20分鐘的總反應時間之後，將pH降低至4以移除TEA，及接著藉由用蒸餾水洗滌三次將所製造之聚合物的pH調整至6至7之中性pH。將由此獲得之聚合物再沉澱於甲醇和己烷的混合溶液中，及然後在120℃下乾燥以產生最終共聚碳酸酯。
實施例2
以如實施例1中之相同方法製備共聚碳酸酯，不同的是加入添加劑(抗氧化劑、潤滑劑)。
實施例3
以如實施例1中之相同方法製備共聚碳酸酯，不同的是AP-PDMS和MBHB-PDMS之比例為95：5而不是90：10。
實施例4
以如實施例3中之相同方法製備共聚碳酸酯，不同的是調整分子量改質劑(PTBT)的用量。
比較例1
將1784g的水、385g的NaOH和232g的BPA(雙酚A)加至聚合反應器中，並在N2氛圍下混合。將4.3g的PTBP(對-三級丁基酚)和6.57g的製備例3中所製備之丁香酚-PDMS溶解在MC(二氯甲烷)中且然後加入其中。之後，將128g的TPG(三光氣)溶解在MC中且將溶解之TPG溶液加至其中並反應1小時，同時將TPG溶液之pH保持於11或更高。10分鐘之後，對其添加46g的TEA(三乙胺)以進行偶合反應。1小時又20分鐘的總反應時間之後，將pH降低至4以移除TEA，及用蒸餾水洗滌三次將所製造之聚合物的pH調整至6至7之中性pH。將由此得到的聚合物再沉澱於甲醇和己烷的混合溶液中，及然後在120℃下乾燥以產生最終共聚碳酸酯。
比較例2
藉由如比較例1中之相同方法製備共聚碳酸酯，不同的是使用製備例1中所製備之AP-PDMS(n=34)代替製備例3中所製備之丁香酚-PDMS。
實驗例：共聚碳酸酯特性的確認
使用具有Agilent 1200系列之PC Standard以GPC測量實施例和比較例中所製備之共聚碳酸酯的重量平均分子量。
此外，相對於1重量份的實施例和比較例中所製備之各個共聚碳酸酯，對其添加0.050重量份的參(2,4-二-三級丁基苯基)亞磷酸酯、0.010重量份的3-(3,5-二-三級丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸十八烷酯，及0.030重量份的四硬脂酸季戊四醇酯，並使用具備排氣孔之Φ30mm雙螺桿擠壓機將所得混合物造粒，及使用JSW股份有限公司的N20C射出模製機在300℃的機筒溫度和80℃的模具溫度射出模製以製備所要試樣。
以下列方式測定上述試樣的特性且結果係顯示於下表1中。
1)室溫衝擊強度：根據ASTM D256(1/8吋缺口衝擊(Notched Izod))在23℃下測量。
2)低溫衝擊強度：根據ASTM D256(1/8吋缺口衝擊(Notched Izod))在-30℃下測量。
3)YI(黃色指數)：在300℃下射出模製試樣(寬度/長度/厚度=60mm/40mm/3mm)，及接著根據ASTM D1925藉由使用Color-Eye 7000A(X-rite Inc.)在下列條件下測量YI(黃色指數)。
- 測量溫度：室溫(23℃)
- 孔徑尺寸：大面積的視野
- 測量方法：在螺旋範圍(360nm至750nm)內測 量透射率
如上表1中所示，可確認：相較於比較例1和2，根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯(實施例1至4)呈現極佳的低溫衝擊強度和室溫衝擊強度；相較於比較例1，實施例1和2具有改良的YI(黃色指數)同時保持低溫衝擊強度；及相較於比較例2，實施例3和4具有改良的YI(黃色指數)同時保持低溫衝擊強度。
因此，可確認：根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯可同時具有改良的低溫衝擊強度和改良的YI(黃色指數)。

Claims (13)

  1. 一種共聚碳酸酯，其包含：以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第一重複單元；及二種具有矽氧烷鍵的以芳族聚碳酸酯為主之第二重複單元，其中該共聚碳酸酯具有根據ASTM D1925測得之2至6.5的YI(黃色指數)，及根據ASTM D256(1/8吋，缺口衝擊(Notched Izod))在-30℃下測得之600至1000J/m的低溫衝擊強度。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該共聚碳酸酯具有根據ASTM D256(1/8吋，缺口衝擊)在23℃下測得之840至1000J/m的室溫衝擊強度。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該共聚碳酸酯具有1,000至100,000g/mol之重量平均分子量。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該第一重複單元係以下列化學式1表示： 在化學式1中，R1、R2、R3和R4各自獨立地為氫、C1-10烷基、C1-10烷氧基、或鹵素，及 Z為未經取代或經苯基取代之C1-10伸烷基、未經取代或經C1-10烷基取代之C3-15伸環烷基、O、S、SO、SO2、或CO。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之共聚碳酸酯，其中以化學式1表示的重複單元係衍生自一或多種選自由下列所組成群組之芳族二醇化合物：雙(4-羥基苯基)甲烷、雙(4-羥基苯基)醚、雙(4-羥基苯基)碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)亞碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)硫醚、雙(4-羥基苯基)酮、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)乙烷、雙酚A、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)丁烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)環己烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二溴苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-溴苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-甲基苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二甲基苯基)丙烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-1-苯基乙烷、雙(4-羥基苯基)二苯基甲烷、及α,ω-雙[3-(鄰-羥基苯基)丙基]聚二甲基矽氧烷。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第4項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該化學式1係以下列化學式1-1表示：
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中 該第二重複單元包含以下列化學式2表示的重複單元和以下列化學式3表示的重複單元： 在化學式2中，X1分別獨立地為C1-10伸烷基，R5分別獨立地為氫；未經取代或經下列取代之C1-15烷基：環氧乙烷基、經環氧乙烷基取代之C1-10烷氧基、或C6-20芳基；鹵素；C1-10烷氧基；烯丙基；C1-10鹵烷基；或C6-20芳基，及n為10至200的整數， 在化學式3中，X2分別獨立地為C1-10伸烷基，Y1分別獨立地為氫、C1-6烷基、鹵素、羥基、C1-6烷氧基或C6-20芳基，R6分別獨立地為氫；或未經取代或經下列取代之 C1-15烷基：環氧乙烷基、經環氧乙烷基取代之C1-10烷氧基、或C6-20芳基；鹵素；C1-10烷氧基；烯丙基；C1-10鹵烷基；或C6-20芳基，及m為10至200的整數。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項之共聚碳酸酯，其中以化學式2表示的重複單元和以化學式3表示的重複單元之重量比為1：99至99：1。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第7項之共聚碳酸酯，其中以化學式2表示的重複單元係以下列化學式2-2表示：
  10. 如申請專利範圍第7項之共聚碳酸酯，其中以化學式3表示的重複單元係以下列化學式3-2表示：
  11. 一種聚碳酸酯組成物，其包含如申請專利範圍第1至10項中任一項之共聚碳酸酯、和聚碳酸酯。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項之聚碳酸酯組成物，其中該聚碳酸酯在聚碳酸酯的主鏈中不引入聚矽氧烷結構。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第11項之聚碳酸酯組成物，其中該聚碳酸酯包含以下列化學式4表示的重複單元： 在化學式4中，R'1、R'2、R'3和R'4各自獨立地為氫、C1-10烷基、C1-10烷氧基或鹵素，及Z'為未經取代或經苯基取代之C1-10伸烷基、未經取代或經C1-10烷基取代之C3-15伸環烷基、O、S、SO、SO2或CO。
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