TW200427111A - Material for coating/protecting light-emitting semiconductor and the light-emitting semiconductor device - Google Patents

Material for coating/protecting light-emitting semiconductor and the light-emitting semiconductor device Download PDF

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TW200427111A
TW200427111A TW093106063A TW93106063A TW200427111A TW 200427111 A TW200427111 A TW 200427111A TW 093106063 A TW093106063 A TW 093106063A TW 93106063 A TW93106063 A TW 93106063A TW 200427111 A TW200427111 A TW 200427111A
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light
emitting semiconductor
semiconductor device
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component
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TW093106063A
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TWI312200B (zh
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Masachika Yoshino
Toshio Shiobara
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Shinetsu Chemical Co
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    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/52Encapsulations
    • H01L33/56Materials, e.g. epoxy or silicone resin
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    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04Polysiloxanes
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    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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    • C08G77/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04Polysiloxanes
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    • C08G77/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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    • C08G77/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/70Siloxanes defined by use of the MDTQ nomenclature
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08K5/54Silicon-containing compounds
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    • H01L2224/321Disposition
    • H01L2224/32151Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
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    • H01L2224/26Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
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    • H01L2224/321Disposition
    • H01L2224/32151Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
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    • H01L2224/32245Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
    • H01L2224/32257Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic the layer connector connecting to a bonding area disposed in a recess of the surface of the item
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    • H01L2224/45001Core members of the connector
    • H01L2224/45099Material
    • H01L2224/451Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof
    • H01L2224/45138Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
    • H01L2224/45144Gold (Au) as principal constituent
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    • H01L2224/42Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/4805Shape
    • H01L2224/4809Loop shape
    • H01L2224/48091Arched
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    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
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    • H01L2224/42Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/481Disposition
    • H01L2224/48151Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/48221Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/48245Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
    • H01L2224/48247Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
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    • H01L2224/42Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/481Disposition
    • H01L2224/48151Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/48221Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/48245Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
    • H01L2224/48257Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a die pad of the item
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    • H01L2224/73Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
    • H01L2224/732Location after the connecting process
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    • H01L2224/73265Layer and wire connectors
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    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11Device type
    • H01L2924/12Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1204Optical Diode
    • H01L2924/12044OLED

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  • Structures Or Materials For Encapsulating Or Coating Semiconductor Devices Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Description

200427111 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關被覆保護發光半導體材料及使用其之被 覆發光半導體元件之發光半導體體裝置。 【先前技術】 發光二極體(LED)等之發光半導體裝置係使用配置 於導線電極上之元件,其周圍以透明樹脂覆蓋之如圖3所 示之所謂炮彈型之發光半導體裝置,近年實裝步驟由簡略 化如圖1及圖2所示所謂「表面實裝型」之發光半導體裝 置爲主流。 又’在圖1〜3,1爲玻璃纖維強化環氧樹脂製筐體,2 爲發光元件,3、4爲導線電極,5爲壓模黏著材料,6爲 金屬線,7爲被覆保護材料。 發光二極體(LED)等之發光半導體元件之被覆保護用 樹脂組成物,其硬化物要求具有透明性,一般使用雙酚A 型環氧樹脂或脂環式環氧樹脂與酸酐系硬化劑所得者(參 閱專利文獻1 :日本專利第3 24 1 3 3 8號公報,專利文獻 2 :日本特開平7-25 98 7號公報)。 但是,相關之透明環氧樹脂,亦由於樹脂之吸水率 高,耐濕耐久性低,特別由於對於短波長光之光線穿透性 低,有耐光耐久性低,或因光劣化而著色之缺點。 因此,亦提案1分子中至少含有2個具有反應性S i 基之碳-碳二價鍵之有機化合物,及1分子中至少含有2 -4- (2) (2)200427111 S 1基之矽化合物,由氫甲矽氧基化觸媒所成之半 導體元件之被覆保護用樹脂組成物(參閱日本專利文獻 3 :日本特開2 002 _3 2 7 1 26號公報,專利文獻4 :日本特 開 2 0 0 2 - 3 3 8 8 3 3 號公報)。 胃’此等有機化合物硬化反應遲緩,由於需要長時 間硬化’殘留應力亦大,耐熱性差的熱可塑性樹脂或保存 安定性差’不得不與具有加水分解性基之金屬化合物倂 用’因此’提案使用高硬度矽氧烷樹脂於保護被覆材料 (參閱專利文獻5 ··日本特開2〇〇2_314139號公報,專利文 獻6 :日本特開2 002-3 1 4 1 43號公報)。 但是’此等之高硬度矽氧烷樹脂又缺乏黏著性,於磁 及/或塑膠筐體內配置發光元件,其筐體內部以矽氧烷樹 脂塡充之盒型發半導體裝置,在-40 °C〜120 °C之熱衝擊試 驗,聚矽氧烷樹脂產生由筐體的磁或塑膠剝離的問題。 更又由於使用於發光元件之 SiC、GaAs、GaP、 GaAsP、GaAlAs、InAlGaP、InGaN、GaN 等各種化合物半 導體之光學結晶折射率高,被覆保護樹脂之折射率低如二 甲基系聚矽氧烷樹脂時,於被覆樹脂與光學結晶之界面反 射,發光效率下降之缺點。 因此,爲提高出光率之手段,提案敷上防反射膜等之 手法(參閱專利文獻7 :日本特開200 1 -24623 6號公報,專 利文獻8 ··日本特開200 1 -2 1 7467號公報)。但是,爲製作 防反射膜須增加步驟’成本變高。 -5- (3) (3)200427111 〔專利文獻1〕 曰本專利第3 24 1 3 3 8號公報 〔專利文獻2〕 曰本特開平7 - 2 5 9 8 7號公報 〔專利文獻3〕 曰本特開2002-327126號公報 〔專利文獻4〕 曰本特開2002-338833號公報 〔專利文獻5〕 曰本特開2002-314139號公報 〔專利文獻6〕 曰本特開2002-314143號公報 〔專利文獻7〕 曰本特開2001-246236號公報 〔專利文獻8〕 曰本特開200 1 -2 1 7467號公報 【發明內容】 〔發明所欲解決之課題〕 本發明有鑑於上述事情,提供內部應力小,且黏著性 優,而且光穿透性優之被覆保護發光半導體材料及使用其 被覆之高發光效率之發光半導體裝置爲目的。 〔課題解決手段及發明之實施型態〕 -6 - (4) 200427111 本發明者等爲達成上述目的經深入硏究結果,以分卞 鏈末端含具有乙烯基之苯基有機聚砍氧院爲基礎聚合物’ 依必要配合含有矽原子鍵烷氧基之有機砂化合物之加成硬 化型矽氧烷樹脂組成物之硬化物’發見兼備低應力及透明 性,黏著性良好,完成本發明。 因此,本發明提供下述被覆保護發光半導體材料及發 光半導體裝置。 Π](Α)分子鏈末端具有乙烯基之如下述平均組成式(1) (1)
RaSiO(4-a)/2 (式中,R爲1價有機基,至少有5 m ο 1 %爲苯基,a爲 1 ·5〜3.0之數) 所示之有機聚矽氧烷1 0 0重量份、 (B)l分子中至少具有2個直接結合矽原子之氫原子 之如下述平均組成式(2) R丨bHcSiO (4-(b + c))/2 (2) (式中,R爲1價有機基’ b爲〇.7$bS2.1,c爲O.Olgc $ 1 ·〇,0.8 S b + c S 3 之正數) 所示之有機氫二烴聚矽氧烷相對於1個(A)成分中之 乙烯基,(B)成分中直接結合矽原子之氫原子之量爲 〇 . 7〜1 0個、 (5) 200427111 (C )鉑族金屬系觸媒 鉑族金屬爲(A)成分與(B)成分合計重量之 1 〜1,0 0 0 p p m 〇 (D)具有砂原子鍵院氧基之有機砂化合物 0〜1 0重量份、 其25°C ’ 5 8 9nm(鈉之D線)之折射率爲141〜156爲 特徵之被覆保護發光半導體材料。 [II] 發光半導體元件配置於具有開口部之磁及/或塑膠 筐體內之發光半導體裝置’其筐體內以如[I]項之被覆保 護發光半導體材料之硬化物被覆保護爲特徵之發光半導體 裝置。 [III] 發光半導體元件配置於具有開口部之磁及/或塑 膠筐體內之導線電極上之發光半導體裝置,其筐體內以如 [I ]之被覆保遵發光半導體材料之硬化物被覆保護爲特徵 之發光半導體裝置。 以下更詳細說明本發明。 本發明被覆保護發光半導體之被覆保護材料(聚:^夕_ 烷樹脂組成物)之(A)成分,係爲本發明之被覆保護材料$ 分之主成分(基礎聚合物),由(C)成分觸媒作用之源(B)|^ 分交聯而硬化。此爲分子鏈末端,特別是各末端具有與石夕 原子結合之乙烯基之下述平均組成式(1) (i) R a S i 0 ( 4 - a) / 2 (6) (6)200427111 (式中,R爲1價有機基’至少有5 m 〇 1 %爲苯基’ a爲 1 · 5〜3 · 0之數) 所示之有機聚矽氧烷。 此處,R可列舉如碳數1〜1 0 ’特別是1〜8之非取代 或取代一價烴,具體的如甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁 基、叔-丁基、戊基、新戊基、己基、環己基、辛基、壬 基、癸基等之烷基,苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、萘基等之 芳基,苄基苯乙基、苯丙基等之芳烷基,乙烯基、烯丙 基、丙烯基、異丙烯基、丁烯基、己烯基、環己烯基、辛 烯基等之鏈烯基,或此等基之氫原子之一部份或全部以 氟、溴、氯等之鹵原子取代者,例如可列舉如氯甲基、氯 丙基、溴乙基、三氟丙基等之鹵取代烷基或氰乙基等。 此時,R之中至少2個爲乙烯基,分子末端,特別是 各末端各自具有與矽原子結合之乙烯基。又,加上側鏈 (即,分子鏈中結合砂原子之一價R)亦具有乙烯基等之鏈 燒基亦可。含乙烯基之鏈燦基之含量,全有機R中,爲 0.0 1〜20mol% ’特別是’由硬化後之被覆保護材料之彈 性、伸度、物理強度等之觀點,具〇.;!〜;!〇_!%更爲理 想。 又’ R中’至少5mol%爲苯基。苯基低於5m〇l%時, 硬化之被覆保護材料之耐熱性差或低溫特性差,招致降低 耐衝擊性之信頼性’苯基至少必要5mol%。苯基具7m〇l% 以上爲理想,更理想爲丨Om〇i%以上。其上限雖無特別限 制,可爲80mol%以下,或爲6〇mop/。以下者。 -9- (7) 200427111 如此,本成分末端必定存在乙丨希基(即’(A)成分主少 1個分子鏈末端之矽原子具乙烯基),乙録基以外’存在 甲基、苯基,或甲基與苯基兩方爲理想。即,本發明之聚 矽氧烷樹脂組成物之有機聚矽氧烷之末端爲乙烯基交聯 者,苯基,乙烯基以外之一價有機基爲上述物中之甲基者 以耐熱性或成本面爲理想。 a爲1 . 5〜3.0之正數,本成分爲直鏈狀、分岐鏈狀、 三次元網狀之任一者均可,通常,主鏈爲由重複雙有機矽 氧院單兀(R 2 S i Ο 2 / 2)所成,分子鏈兩末端以三有機砂氧院 基(R3Si01/2)所封鎖,基本上以直鏈狀之雙有機聚矽氧烷 者爲理想。a理想爲1 · 8〜2.2之數,更理想之數爲 1.95〜2.05 ° 此有機矽氧烷之黏度,依作業性於23 °C以 0.1〜20Pa · s,特別以0.5〜10Pa · s程度的範圍者爲理想。 低於0 · 1 Pa · s時由於容易流動,成形溢料變多,超過 2 OPa · s時,混合必要成分時產生混入之空氣氣泡難以抽 出情形。 (A)成分之具體例可例示如如下述者。 CH3 I H2C=HC—Si—ο CH,
Si—CH=CH, c6h5 c 丨silc c H II c
-Si—O I C6H5 ίο CH3
•10- 200427111 h2 h2 (8)
He
He 3 1 3 H - H clsilc
CKHliLCH,
h2 c II H c 3 I 3 H - H c—si—c CH—rCH3
3 I 3 H .- H c丨si—c
SrlCH3
H c II H c 3 1 3 Η I H c—si—c 式 各 述 上 關 有 又
等之重複單元之配列爲隨機’又重複單元之數之合計’以 能滿足上述黏度範圍之任意自然數。) (B)成分爲(C)成分之觸媒存在下,爲形成由(A)成分 與加成反應而交聯之硬化物之必要成分,1分子中至少爲 2個,理想爲3個以上之具有與矽原子直接結之氫原子之 下述平均組成式(2) R1 bHcS i〇(4-(b + C))/2 (2) (式中,R1爲1價有機基,b爲0.7^b$2.1,c爲O.Ol^c S 1 ·0,0.8 S b + c S 3 之正數) -11 - (9) (9)200427111 所示有機氫二烴聚矽氧烷。 R1之有機基,以碳數爲1〜10,特別以1〜8之非取代 或取代一價烴基,可列舉如上述式(1 )之相同基,理想爲 不含有脂肪族不飽和鍵者,特以甲基、苯基爲理想。 b、c係如上述之正數,理想爲〇. 9 S b $ 2,c爲0. 〇 j Sc‘2,l$b + c$2.6。 上述有機氫二烴聚矽氧烷可列舉如1,1 5 3 5 3 -四甲基二 石夕氧院’ 1,3,5,7 -四甲基環四砂氧院、兩末端三甲基甲石夕 氧基封鎖甲基氣一煙聚砂氧院,兩末端三甲基甲砂氧基封 鎖二甲基矽氧烷·甲基氫二烴矽氧烷共聚物、兩末端二甲 基氫二烴甲矽氧基封鎖二甲基聚矽氧烷、兩末端二甲基氫 二矽封鎖二甲基矽氧烷·甲基氫二烴矽氧烷共聚物、末端 三甲基甲矽氧基封鎖甲基氫二烴矽氧烷·二苯基矽氧烷· 二甲基矽氧烷共聚物、由(CH3)2HSi01/2單元與Si04/2單 元所成之共聚物、由(CH3)2HSi01/2單元與 Si04/2單元與 (C6H5)Si03/2單元所成之共聚物等。 此有機氫二烴聚矽氧烷之分子構造,爲直鏈狀、環 狀、分岐狀、三次元網狀構造之任一者均可,1分子中之 矽原子數(或聚合度)爲3〜1,000,特別是可使用3〜3 00程 度者。又,本成分之黏度於23 °C以0.1〜5,000 m Pa· s者爲 理想。低於 O.lmPa · S加熱硬化容易揮散,超過 〇·1〜5,000mPa · s時被覆作業性有下降的憂慮。又,本成 分中之矽原子直結氫原子(SiH基)1分子中至少爲2個, 理想以3個以上爲佳,過多時硬化物變爲過脆,理想上限 -12- (10) (10)200427111 爲5 0個以下,更理想爲3 〇個以下。 本成分之配合比例’其量爲相對於1個(Α)成分之乙 烯基,本成分中之矽原子直結之氫原子爲0.7〜1〇個。低 於0.7個硬化遲緩,超過1 〇個時硬化物變成過脆。理想 爲0.8〜5個。 (C )成分之鉑族金屬系觸媒,係爲使(a )成分之乙烯基 與(B)成分之矽原子直結氫原子加成反應者,由本成分之 作用可硬化本發明組成物。此可例示如微粒子狀鉑,由碳 粉末載體所吸附之微粒子鉑、氯化鉑酸、酒性變性氯化鉑 酸、氯化鈾酸之烯烴配位化合物、氯化鉑酸與乙烯矽氧烷 之配位化合物、鉑黑等之鈾系觸媒,鈀觸媒、铑觸媒等。 其使用量相對於(A)成分與(B)成分之合計重量,鉑金屬爲 1〜l,000ppm。低於lppm時硬化速度遲緩,超過l,000ppm 全成分混合時由於可作業時間短,不經濟。理想爲 5〜500ppm 〇 (D)成分係爲提高本發明之聚矽氧烷樹脂組成物硬化 所得之硬化物之黏著性之成分,具有矽原子結合烷氧基之 有機矽氧烷、有機聚矽氧烷等之有機矽化合物。如此之(D) 成分之有機矽化合物,可列舉如四甲氧基矽氧烷、四乙氧 基矽氧烷、二甲基二甲氧基矽氧烷、甲基苯基二甲氧基矽 氧烷、甲基苯基二乙氧基矽氧烷、苯基三甲氧基矽氧烷、 甲基三甲氧基矽氧烷、甲基三乙氧基矽氧烷、乙烯基三甲 氧基矽氧烷、烯丙基三甲氧基矽氧烷、烯丙基三乙氧基矽 氧院、3 -環丙氧基丙基三甲氧基砂氧院、3 -甲基丙燃氧基 -13- (11) 200427111 丙基三甲氧基砂氧丨元等之院氧基砂氧化合物及下述式所 示,通常,砍子數4〜30,特別以4〜2〇程度之直鏈狀或環 狀構造之矽氧院化合物(有機矽氧烷低聚物)。
3 J Η - Η clsilc
H,C=HC_ 严I ,严3 ' OCH3 Si—0-4 -Si—o-X. -Si——OCH3 ch3 ' 、CH3 / OCH, H2C-HCH2CO(H2C)3-Si~〇- O OCH3 ?ch3 /〒h3 Si—
OCH3 Si-(CH2)3OCH2CH-CH2 ch3 ch3 H3C—Si—〇—Si-〇 CH3
o- 1 i ch=ch2/ m \CH3 ch3 -f 〇H rf 〇) ™ c3H6 \H / och2ch~ch2 CH3 •Si— I ch3 OCH3 ch3 〇 o '式中,m、n爲1以上之整數) -14- 200427111 2)
C2H4Si(OCH3)3
C2H4Si(OCH3)3 CH3 CH,
Si—〇H—Si—〇- ch3 I」 -Si—O— C2H4Si(OCH3)3 C3H6 och2ch-ch2 o 此(D)成分之有機矽化合物之中,依所得之硬化物」κ 黏著性特優者,(D)成分之有機矽化合物,以1分子中j 有砂原子結合烷氧基與矽原子結合鏈烯基或砂原子結合 (SiH基)之有機矽化合物爲理想。 (D )成分之配合量,相對於1 0 0重量份(A )成分,採月 0〜10重量份的範圍內者爲理想,又,〇·5〜1()重量份,柄 以0 · 5〜3重量份之範圍內者爲理想。此係(D)成分之配爸 里相對於1 0 0重星份(A )成分超過1 〇重量份時,所得之石j 化物過硬,反而黏著性降低。 又,(D)成分具有矽原子結合鏈烯基或矽原子結合董 -15- (13) (13)200427111 (SiH基)時’相對於含(A)、(B)成分組成物中之全鏈烯基 量X’全SiH基Y之比率(莫耳比)γ/χ爲〇.7〜1()莫耳/莫 耳,以0.8〜5莫耳/莫耳程度爲特別理想。 硬化本發明之被覆保護材料(聚矽氧烷樹脂組成物)得 到硬化物之聚矽氧烷樹脂之折射率,使用 MODEL201〇PRISMCOUPLER(METRYCONE 公司製)或 GONEOMETER(MOLLERWEDEL公司製)可測定發光元件 發光之波長。但是,有關聚矽氧烷樹脂之各波長之折射 率’由於係順從Sellmeier式,由測定5 8 9 llm之折射率使 用波長之折射率可計算(Co〇per P.R. 1982 Refractive index measure ments of paraffin,a silicone elastomer, and an epoxy resin over the 5 0 0- 1 ,5 0 0 n m spectral range Appl. Opt. 21 34 13- 15)。 因此,本發明硬化所得之聚矽氧烷樹脂之折射率,可 由5 8 9nm(鈉之D線)之折射率管理。本發明硬化得到之聚 矽氧烷樹脂於25°C,5 89nm折射率以1.41〜1.56者爲理 想。折射率低於1 .4 1於界面反射之發光效率降低。又, 由於折射率超過1 · 5 6時聚矽氧烷樹脂之結晶性增加,發 光率反而降低。理想爲1 . 4 3〜1 · 5 5者。 本發明聚矽氧烷樹脂,由於黏著力強,樹脂硬化或實 裝時不會因IR反流而引起剝離。又,其硬化之樹脂爲低 彈性,硬度A之硬度範圍爲7 5以下,由於可吸收因與磁 或塑膠之筐體之熱膨脹係數不同之應力,低溫側-4 0 °C, 高溫側1 2 0 °C之熱衝擊試驗進行1,0 0 0次亦不發生龜裂。 (14) (14)200427111 又,硬化物之硬度A之硬度,通常爲7 5以下’理想 爲5〜7 5,更理想爲1 〇〜7 0,特別理想爲2 0〜6 5者。 本發明之聚矽氧烷樹脂係混合(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)之 4成分,由加熱可容易製造。混合此4成分可於室溫進行 硬化’爲使作業時間可延長以加微量炔醇系化合物、三氮 雜茂類、腈基化合物、磷化合物等之反應抑制劑爲理想。 又,爲變更本發明之聚矽氧烷樹脂之波長亦可添加螢光物 或二氧化鈦微粉末(T i Ο 2)等光散射劑等。 更又,在不逸出本發明之目的範圍,亦可添加煙霧狀 二氧化矽或沈降性二氧化矽等之強化性塡充劑、耐熱劑、 有機溶劑等。 又’本發明被覆保護材料以液狀者爲理想,於2 5 °C 之黏度以 10 〜l,000,000mPa · S,特別以 100 〜1,000,000 mPa · s程度爲理想。 本發明被覆保護材料係爲被覆保護發光半導體而使 用。此時,發光半導體可列舉如發光二極體(LED)、有機 電界發光元件(有機E L)、雷射二極體、L E D陣列等。發 光半導體被覆保護之型態無特別的限制,如圖1、2所 示’塡充被覆保護材料於筐體內覆蓋配置於具有開口部筐 體內之半導體’採用硬化等方法而得。 又’本發明被覆保護材料之硬化條件,於室溫7 2小 時至200 °C 3分鐘,任意調配其作業條件,由生產性與發 光元件或筐體耐熱性等之平衡而適當選擇。 (15) 200427111 【實施方式】 以下以實施例及比較例具體的說明本發明,本發明不 限於下述實施例。又,下述例,份所示爲重量份。首先, 顯示實施例、比較例之被覆保護材料之評價方法。 [評價方法] 聚5夕氧垸系壓模黏著材料之調製 下述式(I) h2
He CH3IT-CH3
3 3 H .- H c—si—c o 91
Q—siIQ
H2 C II Η C Ηi—H cl SIC T1 所不末端乙;)¾基二甲基二苯基聚砂氧院(黏度3Pa· s)100 份,下述式(II) H—Si——〇
Si—Η (II) 所示甲基氫二烴聚矽氧烷(黏度15Pa · S)2.5份’氯鉑酸 2-乙基環己基醇變性溶液(pt濃度2wt%)〇.〇3份’乙基環 己基醇0.05份,3-環丙氧烷基丙基三甲氧基聚矽氧院7 份及平均粒徑9 μ m之球狀氧化鋁微粉末4 0 0份均勻混合 調製聚矽氧烷壓模黏著材料。 -18- (16) (16)200427111 發光半導體裝置之製作方法 發光兀件使用具有由InGaN所成之發光層,主發光峯 爲470nm之LED晶體,製作如圖1所示發光半導體裝 置。發光元件2具有一對導線電極3、4之玻璃纖維強化 環氧樹脂製筐體1使用聚矽氧烷葯壓模黏著材料,於1 8 〇 C加熱1 〇分鐘固定。發光元件2與導線電極3、4與金屬 線ό連接後,丨崔注被覆材料7,於1 8 0 °C硬化1小時,製 作發光半導體裝置。 發光半導體裝置輝度之測定方法 上述保護方法製作之發光半導體裝置以定電流通電, 輝度以測定附加電流5秒後之發光元件之輸出電流値求出 輝度(實施例1之發光半導體裝置之輝度爲1·〇〇求出比較 値)。 發光半導體裝置之高溫通電輝度劣化之測定方法 又’其半導體裝置於150 °C環境下,以20mA進行通 電1,000小時後,回到室溫,發光半導體裝置以定電流通 電,測定附加電流5秒後之發光元件之輸出電流値,進行 比較高溫通電前之輸出電流値,求出加熱劣化時之輝度劣 化(實施例1之發光半導體裝置之初期輝度爲1·00求出比 較値)。 •19- (17) 200427111 耐衝擊性之試驗方法 製作之發光半導體裝置進行1,00 0次低溫側-40°c、 高溫側1 2 0 °c之熱衝擊試驗,觀察外觀產生之龜裂數。 [實施例1] 下述式(I) c H IIc h2 o H3i H3 c1s·——c 3 I 3 H .- Hc丨si—c o
CJ-siIQ
3 一 3 Hi—H cl SIC c .i 所示末端乙細基二甲基二本基聚砂氧丨兀(黏度3Pa· s)100 份,下述式(Π)
c——si— c H
Η 3 3 Η 一 Η c——s——c
η I 所示甲基氫二烴聚矽氧烷(黏度15Pa · s)2.5份,氯鉑酸 2-乙基環己基醇變性溶液(Pt濃度2wt%)0.03份,乙基環 己基醇〇·〇5份及下述式(III) -20 (18) (III)200427111
CHj Ι· Si-Ο- C2H4Si(OCH3)3 CH3 -Si—Ο Ι C3H6 och2ch — ch2 \/ 2 o 所示含烷氧基聚矽氧烷化合物2份均勻混合,調製聚矽氧 烷被覆保護材料。 此聚矽氧烷被覆保護材料硬化物硬度 A之硬度爲 33,25 °C,5 8 9 nm之折射率爲1 .48。使用此樹脂製作發光 半導體裝置。 [實施例2] 下述式[IV]
ch3 / ch3 H2C=HC—Si—〇4—Si—〇 CH3 \ CK3 / 387 \ C6H5 /23 CH3
Si—ch=ch2 (IV) 所示末端乙烯基二甲基二苯基聚矽氧烷(黏度 5 Pa · s) 100 份,下述式(V)
H 3 1 3 Hi—H c—si— c
Η 3 j 3 Η 一 Η c——sllc
V -21 - (19) 200427111 所示甲基氫二烴聚矽氧烷(黏度90Pa · s)7.0份,氯鉑酸 2-乙基環己基醇變性溶液(Pt濃度2wt%)0.03份,乙基環 己基醇0.05份及3-甲基丙烯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽氧烷3 份均勻混合,調製聚矽氧烷被覆保護材料。 此聚矽氧烷被覆保護材料硬化物硬度 A之硬度爲 24,25°C,5 8 9 nm之折射率爲1 .45。使用此樹脂製作發光 半導體裝置。 [實施例3] 下述式[VI] h2c=hc
(VI) CH 25 CH3 所示末端乙烯基二甲基二苯基聚矽氧烷(黏度2Pa*s)100 份,下述式(VII) φ ch3 C6H5 ch3 (VII) Η——Si—Ο——Si——Ο——Si——Η
I I I ch3 o ch3 h3c—Si—ch3
H 所示苯基甲基氫二烴聚矽氧院(黏度3 0 m P a · s ) 4.1份,氯 鈾酸2-乙基環己基醇變性溶液(Pt濃度2wt % )0.03份,乙 -22- 200427111 (20) ‘ 基環己基醇0.05份及下述式(Vi%
OCH, Si—OCH3 I 3 OCH3 (VIII) 所示含烷氧基聚矽氧烷化合物2 z份混合均勻’調製聚矽氧 烷被覆保護材料。 此聚砂氧院被覆保護材料硬化物硬度A之硬度爲 62 ’ 25 C ’ 5 8 9nm之折射率爲153。使用此樹脂製作發光 半導體裝置。 [比較例1] 有機溶劑(二甲苯)中配合丨〇 〇份雙酚A型環氧樹脂 (EP827日本油化SHELLEPOXY公司製)與20份分子量 1,6 8 0之具2氨基之聚甲基矽氧烷,以5 〇艽熱處理後由揮 發除去上述溶劑製作變性雙酚A型環氧樹脂,上述變性 雙酚A型環氧樹脂丨2 〇份,配合4 -甲基六氫對.苯二甲酸 酐100份’ 2-乙基·4-甲基咪唑〇·4份,均勻混合調製環氧 樹脂被覆保護材料。 此環氧樹脂被覆保護材料硬化物硬度Α之硬度爲 92 ’ 25°C,5 8 9nm之折射率爲I·%。使用此樹脂製作發光 半導體裝置。 [比較例2] -23- (21)200427111 下述式(ix)
ch3 I H—Si—〇 CH3
(II) CH3 ch3 I h2ohc— -Si—〇- 1 r^°i~ Si CH=CH2 1 2 (IX) ch3 \ ch3 /— ch3 所示末端 乙烯二 甲基聚矽氧 烷(黏度3 P a · s)1 0 0份,下述 式(⑴ 所示甲基氫二烴聚矽氧烷(黏度15pa · s)2·0份’氯鉑酸 2-乙基環己基醇變性溶液(Pt濃度2wt%)0·03份’乙基環 己基醇0.05份均勻混合,調製聚砂氧院被覆保護材料。 此聚矽氧烷被覆保護材料硬化物硬度A之硬度爲 8 0 ’ 2 5 °C,5 8 9 n m之折射率爲1 · 4 0。使用此樹脂製作發光 半導體裝置。 [比較例3 ] 由 Si〇2 單元 50mol%,(CH3)3Si〇o.5 單元 42.5mol%及 V1 (C Η 3) 2 S i 〇 〇. 5單元(V i所示爲乙烯基)7 · 5 m 01 %所成樹脂 構造之乙烯基甲基聚矽氧烷50份’下述式(IX) -24- (ix) (22) 200427111 CH3 I H2C=HC—Si—O CH3
ch3 I Si—ch=ch2 I ch3 所示末端乙烯二甲基聚矽氧烷(黏度3 P a · s) 5 0份,下述 式(Π)
CH3
CH
(II) ❿ 所示甲基氫二烴聚矽氧烷(黏度15Pa · s)4.0份,氯鉑酸 2-乙基環己基醇變性溶液(Pt濃度2wt%)0.03份,乙基環 己基醇〇 . 〇 5份均勻混合,調製聚矽氧烷被覆保護材料。 此聚矽氧烷被覆保護材料硬化物硬度 A之硬度爲 80,25°C,5 8 9nm之折射率爲1.41。使用此樹脂製作發光 半導體裝置。 上述實施例、比較例之被覆保護材料之評價結果如表 1所示。 -25- (23) 200427111 [Mjd 實施 例1 實施 例2 實施 例3 比較 例1 比較 例2 比較 例3 !脂硬度 Ο 〇 24 62 92 58 80 遂脂折射率 1.48 1.45 1.53 1.56 1.40 1.4 1 隻度 1.00 1 .00 1.06 1.10 0.65 0.70 蔓電輝度劣* 0.99 0.98 1.02 0.12 0.65 0.68 耐熱衝擊試驗 ί參裂發生率) 0/50 0/50 1/50 50/50 剝離 30/50 剝離 50/50 #實施例1之發光半導體裝置之初期輝度爲1 . 0 0之比較 値〇 〔發明的功效〕 由本發明之被覆發光半導體材料被覆保護之發光半導 體裝置,由於耐熱試驗之變色少,發光率高,可以提供長 壽命且省能源之優發光半導體裝置,於產業上有很多的益 處。 【圖式簡單說明】 [圖1] 顯示表面實裝型半導體發光裝置之一例(絕緣性筐體 上壓模黏著發光元件)發光二極體之斷面圖。 [圖2] -26- (24) (24)200427111 顯示表面實裝型半導體發光裝置之他例(插入絕緣性 筐體之導線電極上壓模黏著發光元件)發光二極體之斷面 圖。 [圖3] 顯示炮彈型半導體發光裝之發光二極體之斷面圖。 [符號說明] 1筐體 ® 2發光元件 3、4導線電極 5壓模黏著材料 6金線 7被覆保護材米斗 -27-

Claims (1)

  1. 200427111 ⑴ 拾、申請專利範圍 ι·~種被覆保護發光半導體材料,其特徵爲含有; (A)分子鏈末端具有乙烯基之如下述平均組成式(1) RaSi〇(4-a)/2 (1) (式中,R爲1價有機基,至少有5mol%爲苯基,a爲 1 ·5〜3 ·0之數) 所示之有機聚矽氧烷 1 〇〇重量份、 (Β) 1分子中至少具有2個直接結合矽原子之氫原 子之如下述平均組成式(2) RlbHcSiO(4-(b + c))/2 (2) (式中,R1爲1價有機基,b爲〇.7SbS2.1,c爲〇·〇〇1$ c$1.0,〇.8Sb + c‘3 之正數) 所示之有機氫二烴聚矽氧烷相對於1個(A)成分中之乙燃 基,(B)成分中直接結合矽原子之氫原子之量爲 0·7〜10個、 (C )鉑族金屬系觸媒 鉑族金屬爲(A)成分與(B)成分合計重量之 卜 1,000ppm, (D)含具有矽原子鍵烷氧基之有機矽化合物 0〜1 0重量份所成, -28- (2) (2)200427111 其25°C,5 8 9 nm (鈉之D線)之折射率爲1.41〜1 ·56。 2.如申請專利範圍第1項之被覆保護發光半導體材 料,其中硬化物於25t:,5 8 9nm之折射率爲i.43〜1 ·55。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第丨或2項之被覆保護發光半導體 材料,其中硬化物硬度A(DURO A)之硬度爲75以下者。 4. 一種發光半導體裝置,其特徵爲發光半導體元件配 置於具有開口部之磁及/或塑膠筐體內之發光半導體裝 置’其筐體內以如申請專利範圍第1至第3項中任一項之 被覆保護發光半導體材料之硬化物被覆保護者。 5· 一種發光半導體裝置,其特徵爲發光半導體元件配 置於具有開口部之磁及/或塑膠筐體內之導線電極上之發 光半導體裝置,其筐體內以如申請專利範圍第丨至第3項 中任項之被覆保護發光半導體材料之硬化物被覆保護 者0
    -29-
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