RU2013132367A - Окисление и генерирование водорода на углеродных пленках - Google Patents

Окисление и генерирование водорода на углеродных пленках Download PDF

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RU2013132367A
RU2013132367A RU2013132367/07A RU2013132367A RU2013132367A RU 2013132367 A RU2013132367 A RU 2013132367A RU 2013132367/07 A RU2013132367/07 A RU 2013132367/07A RU 2013132367 A RU2013132367 A RU 2013132367A RU 2013132367 A RU2013132367 A RU 2013132367A
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carbon
electrode according
energy generator
hydrogen
film
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Эндрю Гэбриэл РИНЗЛЕР
Рахиб Кумар ДАС
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Юниверсити Оф Флорида Рисеч Фаундэйшн, Инк.
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Abstract

1. Электрод для электрохимического элемента, содержащий углеродсодержащее тело, причем, по меньшей мере, часть углерода углеродсодержащего материала состоит из более чем 99% атомов углерода в sp-гибридизованном состоянии, и углеродный материал обработан кислотой и прошел несколько низковольтных катодных циклов для образования электрода для реакции выделения водорода (РВВ) и реакции окисления водорода (РОВ).2. Электрод по п.1, отличающийся тем, что углеродсодержащий материал включает однослойные углеродные нанотрубки (ОУНТ), двухслойные углеродные нанотрубки (ДУНТ), многослойные углеродные нанотрубки (МУНТ), графен, пиролитический графит, микрокристаллический графит или их любое сочетание.3. Электрод по п.1, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит пористую мембрану, причем пористая мембрана несет углеродсодержащее тело, и тело представляет собой углеродсодержащую пленку.4. Электрод по п.3, отличающийся тем, что мембрана содержит политетрафторэтилен (ПТФЭ), поливинилиденфторид (ПВДФ), полиэтилен, полипропилен, полиэфир, полиамид или пористую углеродную бумагу.5. Электрод по п.3, отличающийся тем, что углеродсодержащая пленка характеризуется толщиной 20 нм - 100 мкм.6. Электрод по п.3, отличающийся тем, что углеродсодержащая пленка представляет собой пленку ОУНТ, обработанную раствором кислоты в течение достаточного периода времени для достижения плотности тока величиной не менее - 15 мА/смпри потенциале - 0,4 В реакции выделения водорода (РВВ) без перенапряжения при взаимодействии с 1М раствором HSOдля пленки, характеризующейся толщиной 1,5 мкм и массой на единицу площади 0,106 мг/см.7. Электрод по п.1, отличающийся тем, что �

Claims (11)

1. Электрод для электрохимического элемента, содержащий углеродсодержащее тело, причем, по меньшей мере, часть углерода углеродсодержащего материала состоит из более чем 99% атомов углерода в sp2-гибридизованном состоянии, и углеродный материал обработан кислотой и прошел несколько низковольтных катодных циклов для образования электрода для реакции выделения водорода (РВВ) и реакции окисления водорода (РОВ).
2. Электрод по п.1, отличающийся тем, что углеродсодержащий материал включает однослойные углеродные нанотрубки (ОУНТ), двухслойные углеродные нанотрубки (ДУНТ), многослойные углеродные нанотрубки (МУНТ), графен, пиролитический графит, микрокристаллический графит или их любое сочетание.
3. Электрод по п.1, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит пористую мембрану, причем пористая мембрана несет углеродсодержащее тело, и тело представляет собой углеродсодержащую пленку.
4. Электрод по п.3, отличающийся тем, что мембрана содержит политетрафторэтилен (ПТФЭ), поливинилиденфторид (ПВДФ), полиэтилен, полипропилен, полиэфир, полиамид или пористую углеродную бумагу.
5. Электрод по п.3, отличающийся тем, что углеродсодержащая пленка характеризуется толщиной 20 нм - 100 мкм.
6. Электрод по п.3, отличающийся тем, что углеродсодержащая пленка представляет собой пленку ОУНТ, обработанную раствором кислоты в течение достаточного периода времени для достижения плотности тока величиной не менее - 15 мА/см2 при потенциале - 0,4 В реакции выделения водорода (РВВ) без перенапряжения при взаимодействии с 1М раствором H2SO4 для пленки, характеризующейся толщиной 1,5 мкм и массой на единицу площади 0,106 мг/см2.
7. Электрод по п.1, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит металлический контакт с углеродсодержащим телом.
8. Электрод по п.1, отличающийся тем, что перенапряжение начала менее 10 мВ, если раствор электролита характеризуется pH 1, и менее 70 мВ, если раствор электролита характеризуется pH 7.
9. Электрохимическое устройство, содержащее по меньшей мере один электрод по п.1, причем в нем может быть проведена реакция выделения водорода (РВВ) или реакция выделения водорода (РВВ), и устройство действует как электролизер или водородный топливный элемент.
10. Система генерирования электрической энергии, содержащая:
по меньшей мере один первичный генератор энергии, содержащий бестопливный генератор на естественной возобновляемой энергии; и
по меньшей мере один вторичный генератор энергии, содержащий одно или несколько электрохимических устройств по п.9, причем вторичный генератор энергии соединен с вторичным генератором энергии, при этом вторичный генератор энергии действует как электролизер для образования водорода по требованию при запитывании первичным генератором энергии, и вторичный генератор энергии действует как водородный топливный элемент для генерирования электрической энергии по требованию.
11. Система по п.10, отличающаяся тем, что первичный генератор энергии содержит солнечный элемент, ветряную или гидравлическую турбину.
RU2013132367/07A 2010-12-17 2011-12-16 Окисление и генерирование водорода на углеродных пленках RU2013132367A (ru)

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