JP6818792B2 - メラニン改変組成物および使用方法 - Google Patents
メラニン改変組成物および使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6818792B2 JP6818792B2 JP2019030110A JP2019030110A JP6818792B2 JP 6818792 B2 JP6818792 B2 JP 6818792B2 JP 2019030110 A JP2019030110 A JP 2019030110A JP 2019030110 A JP2019030110 A JP 2019030110A JP 6818792 B2 JP6818792 B2 JP 6818792B2
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- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005019 zein Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093612 zein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIFRHYZBTHREPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N β-carboline Chemical compound N1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 AIFRHYZBTHREPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本出願は、2011年1月7日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/430,923号の利益を主張するものであり、前記出願は参照により全体が本明細書に援用される。
本明細書において言及する全ての刊行物および特許出願は、それぞれ個別の刊行物または特許出願が参照により援用されることが具体的かつ個別に指示されているのと同様に、参照により本明細書に援用される。
式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、およびR5は独立して、水素、ハロゲン、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、アシルオキシ、シクロアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキル、アルコキシ、アルコキシアミノ、アルコキシカルボニル、シクロアルコキシ、シクロアルケニル、シアノ、シアナト、アリール、アリールアルキル、アルキルアリール、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールオキシ、アミノ、アミノアルキル、アルキルアリールアミノ、アルキルアミノ、アミノカルボニルアミノ、アミノカルボニルオキシ、アリールアミノ、アジド、ビシクロアリール、カルバモイル、カルボキシ、カルボキシアミノ、ヘテロアリールアミノ、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルチオ、およびスルホンから選択され;R1、R2、R3、R4、またはR5のうちの少なくとも1つは水素でなく;各R6は独立して、アルキルである。
上述のように、ヒトにおけるメラニンは、皮膚の色の一次決定因子である。メラニン色素(ユーメラニン、フェオメラニン、およびニューロメラニン)は、アミノ酸チロシンの誘導体であり、メラニン色素の生成は酵素チロシナーゼにより触媒される。また、メラニンは、毛髪、眼の虹彩の基礎となる色素組織、また内耳の血管条にも認められる。したがって、メラニン障害は、皮膚、毛髪、眼、内耳、および脳の神経構造を含む様々な生理系に影響を与える恐れがあり、メラニンを含む組織には、副腎の髄質および網状帯、ならびに青斑核および黒質などの脳幹の範囲内の色素含有ニューロンが含まれる。
置換ベンズアルデヒドと、少なくとも1つの薬学もしくは美容活性剤またはそれらのブレンドと、薬学的もしくは化粧品的に許容可能な担体とを含む組成物が、本明細書において開示される。一部の実施形態では、本明細書において開示される置換ベンズアルデヒドは、少なくとも1つの付加的な治療薬と組み合わせて使用される。
一実施形態では、組成物は活性成分をさらに含む。好適な活性成分には、植物成分、栄養補助剤、薬用化粧品、治療薬、医薬品、抗菌剤、ステロイドホルモン、フケ防止剤、抗ニキビ成分、サンスクリーン剤、サンブロック剤、日焼け防止剤、抗生物質、抗ウイルス剤、抗真菌剤、ステロイド、鎮痛剤、抗腫瘍薬、治験薬、皮膚コンディショニング剤、または代謝馴化培地または代謝細胞抽出物中の因子との相補的もしくは相乗的組み合わせをもたらす任意の化合物が含まれるが、それらに限定されない。
開示される実施形態の一態様は、置換ベンズアルデヒドと、付加的な活性剤と、担体との組み合わせを含む製剤にまで及ぶ。一部の実施形態では、活性剤は、抗酸化剤または皮膚美白剤から選択される。具体的な実施形態では、置換ベンズアルデヒドおよび活性剤は、薬学的組成物または化粧品組成物の形態で投与される。かかる組成物は、製剤分野および化粧品分野で周知の手順によって調製することができる。本明細書において開示される組成物は、化粧品的にまたは薬学的に許容可能な担体を含有してもよい。かかる担体は、皮膚、爪、粘膜、組織、および/または毛髪に適合し、これには従来使用されている任意の化粧品用担体または薬理学的担体を含み得る。本明細書において開示される組成物は、局所適用に好適な任意の形態であってよく、これには水性溶液、水性アルコール溶液、もしくは油性溶液、ローションもしくはセラム分散液、水性ゲル、無水ゲル、もしくは油性ゲル、水相に脂肪相を分散して得られる(O/Wまたは水中油型)、またはその逆で得られる(W/Oまたは油中水型)乳剤、マイクロエマルジョンもしくはマイクロカプセル、イオン性および/または非イオン性の微粒子もしくは脂質小胞分散液が含まれる。これらの組成物は、従来の方法によって調製することができる。開示される薬剤以外に、組成物の種々の構成成分の量は、当分野で従来使用されている量である。これらの組成物は、とりわけ顔、手、体用および/または粘膜用、あるいは皮膚洗浄用の保護、治療、もしくはケアクリーム、乳液、ローション、ゲル、またはフォームをなす。また、組成物は、石鹸またはクレンジングバーをなす固形調製物からなってもよい。
デキストリン;ジベンジリデンソルビトール;ジエタノールアミノオレアミドDEA;ジグリコール/CHDM/イソフタレート/SIPコポリマー;ベヘン酸ジヒドロアビエチル;二水素化獣脂ベンジルモニウムヘクトライト;ジヒドロキシアルミニウムアミノアセテート;ジメチコン/PEG−10クロスポリマー;ジメチコン/PEG−15クロスポリマー;ジメチコンプロピルPG−ベタイン;ジメチルアクリルアミド/アクリル酸/メタクリル酸ポリスチレンエチルコポリマー;ジメチルアクリルアミド/アクリロイルジメチルタウレートナトリウムクロスポリマー;ジステアレス−100 IPDI;アクリル酸DMAPA/アクリル酸/アクリロナイトロジェンコポリマー;エルカミドプロピルヒドロキシスルタイン;エチレン/アクリル酸ナトリウムコポリマー;ゼラチン;ジェランガム;アルギン酸グリセリル;グリシン・ソヤ(ダイズ)粉;グアーヒドロキシプロピルトリモニウムクロリド;ヘクトライト;ヒアルロン酸;ケイ酸;水素化ジャガイモデンプン;水素化獣脂;水素化獣脂アミドDEA;水素化獣脂ベタイン;ヒドロキシブチルメチルセルロース;アクリル酸ヒドロキシエチル/アクリロイルジメチルタウレートナトリウムコポリマー;ヒドロキシエチルセルロース;ヒドロキシエチルキトサン;ヒドロキシエチルエチルセルロース;ヒドロキシエチルステアラミド−MIPA;ヒドロキシラウリル/ヒドロキシミリスチルベタイン;ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース;ヒドロキシプロピルキトサン;ヒドロキシプロピルエチレンジアミンカルボマー;ヒドロキシプロピルグアー;ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース;ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースステアロキシエーテル;ヒドロキシプロピルデンプン;ヒドロキシプロピルリン酸デンプン;ヒドロキシプロピルキサンタンガム;ヒドロキシステアラミドMEA;イソブチレン/マレイン酸ナトリウムコポリマー;イソステアラミドDEA;イソステアラミドMEA;イソステアラミドmIPA;イソステアラミドプロピルベタイン;ラクトアミドMEA;ラノリンアミドDEA;ラウラミドDEA;ラウラミドMEA;ラウラミドMIPA;ラウラミド/ミリスタミドDEA;ラウラミドプロピルベタイン;ラウラミドプロピルヒドロキシスルタイン;ラウラミドビスプロパンジオール;ラウリルアルコール;ラウリルベタイン;ラウリルヒドロキシスルタイン;ラウリル/ミリスチルグリコールヒドロキシプロピルエーテル;ラウリルスルタイン;レシチンアミドDEA;リノールアミドDEA;リノールアミドMEA;リノールアミドMIPA;ケイ酸マグネシウムリチウム;ケイ酸マグネシウムリチウムナトリウム;オオウキモ(昆布);アルギン酸マグネシウム;マグネシウム/アルミニウム/水酸化物/炭酸塩;ケイ酸アルミニウムマグネシウム;ケイ酸マグネシウム;三ケイ酸マグネシウム;メトキシPEG−22/ドデシルグリコールコポリマー;メチルセルロース;メチルエチルセルロース;メチルヒドロキシエチルセルロース;微晶質セルロース;ミルクアミドプロピルベタイン;ミンクアミドDEA;ミンクアミドプロピルベタイン;ミリスチン酸MIPA;モンモリロナイト;モロッコ溶岩クレイ;ミリスタミドDEA;ミリスタミドMEA;ミリスタミドMIPA;ミリスタミドプロピルベタイン;ミリスタミドプロピルヒドロキシスルタイン;ミリスチルアルコール;ミリスチルベタイン;納豆ガム;ノノキシニルヒドロキシエチルセルロース;オートアミドMEA;オートアミドプロピルベタイン;イソステアリン酸オクタコサニルグリコール;オクタデセン/MAコポリマー;オレアミドDEA;オレアミドMEA;オレアミドMIPA;オレアミドプロピルベタイン;オレアミドプロピルヒドロキシスルタイン;オレイルベタイン;オリーブアミドDEA;オリーブアミドプロピルベタイン;オリーブアミドMEA;パームアミドDEA;パームアミドMEA;パームアミドMIPA;パームアミドプロピルベタイン;パルミタミドDEA;パルミタミドMEA;パルミタミドプロピルベタイン;パーム核アルコール;パーム核アミドDEA;パーム核アミドMEA;パーム核アミドMIPA;パーム核アミドプロピルベタイン;ピーナッツアミドMEA;ピーナッツアミドMIPA;ペクチン;PEG−800;PEG−クロスポリマー;PEG−150/デシルアルコール/SMDIコポリマー;ジイソステアリン酸PEG−175;ジステアリン酸PEG−190;トリステアリン酸PEG−15グリセリル;トリステアリン酸PEG−140グリセリル;PEG−240/HDIコポリマービス−デシルテトラデセス−20エーテル;PEG−100/IPDIコポリマー;PEG−180/ラウレス−50/TMMGコポリマー;PEG−10/ラウリルジメチコンクロスポリマー;PEG−15/ラウリルジメチコンクロスポリマー;PEG−2M;PEG−5M;PEG−7M;PEG−9M;PEG−14M;PEG−20M;PEG−23M;PEG−25M;PEG−45M;PEG−65M;PEG−90M;PEG−115M;PEG−160M;PEG−180M;トリオレイン酸PEG−120メチルグルコース;PEG−180/オクトキシノール−40/TMMGコポリマー;テトラステアリン酸PEG−150ペンタエリスリチル;PEG−4レイプシードアミド;PEG−150/ステアリルアルコール/SMDIコポリマー;アズキ種子粉末;ゲッカコウ抽出物;ポリアクリレート−3;ポリアクリル酸;ポリシクロペンタジエン;ポリエーテル−1;ポリエチレン/マレイン酸イソプロピル/MAコポリオール;ポリグリセリル−3ジシロキサンジメチコン;ポリグリセリル−3ポリジメチルシロキシエチルジメチコン;ポリメタクリル酸;ポリクオタニウム−52;ポリビニルアルコール;アルギン酸カリウム;ポリアクリル酸アルミニウムカリウム;カルボマーカリウム;カラギーナンカリウム;塩化カリウム;パルミチン酸カリウム;ポリアクリル酸カリウム;硫酸カリウム;変性ジャガイモデンプン;PPG−2コカミド;PPG−1ヒドロキシエチルカプリルアミド;PPG−2ヒドロキシエチルコカミド;PPG−2ヒドロキシエチルココ/イソステアラミド;PPG−3ヒドロキシエチルソイアミド;ジカルバミン酸PPG−14ラウレス−60ヘキシル;ジカルバミン酸PPG−14ラウレス−60イソホリル(isophoryl);ジカルバミン酸PPG−14パルメス−60ヘキシル;アルギン酸プロピレングリコール;PVP/デセンコポリマー;PVPモンモリロナイト;マルメロ種子;パイラス・マルス(リンゴ)繊維;リゾビアンガム;ライスブランアミドDEA;リシノールアミドDEA;リシノールアミドMEA;リシノールアミドMIPA;リシノールアミドプロピルベタイン;リシノール酸/アジピン酸/AEEAコポリマー;ノイバラ花ロウ;スクレロチウムガム;セサミドDEA;セサミドプロピルベタイン;アクリル酸ナトリウム/タウリン酸アクリロイルジメチルコポリマー;アクリル酸ナトリウム/アクロレインコポリマー;アクリル酸ナトリウム/アクリロナイトロジェンコポリマー;アクリル酸ナトリウムコポリマー;アクリル酸ナトリウムクロスポリマー;アクリル酸ナトリウム/アクリルアミドメチルプロパンスルホン酸ナトリウムコポリマー;アクリル酸ナトリウム/デカン酸ビニルクロスポリマー;アクリル酸ナトリウム/ビニルアルコールコポリマー;カルボマーナトリウム;カルボキシメチルキチンナトリウム;カルボキシメチルデキストランナトリウム;カルボキシメチルベータグルカンナトリウム;カルボキシメチルデンプンナトリウム;カラギーナンナトリウム;硫酸セルロースナトリウム;塩化ナトリウム;硫酸シクロデキストリンナトリウム;ヒドロキシプロピルリン酸デンプンナトリウム;イソオクチレンナトリウム/MAコポリマー;フルオロケイ酸ナトリウムマグネシウム;オレイン酸ナトリウム;パルミチン酸ナトリウム;パーム核酸ナトリウム;ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム;ポリアクリル酸デンプンナトリウム;ポリアクリロイルジメチルタウリン酸ナトリウム;ポリガンマグルタミン酸ナトリウム;ポリメタクリル酸ナトリウム;ポリスチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム;アルミノケイ酸ナトリウム;オクテニルコハク酸デンプンナトリウム;ステアリン酸ナトリウム;ステアロキシPG−ヒドロキシエチルセルローススルホン酸ナトリウム;スチレンナトリウム/アクリレートコポリマー;硫酸ナトリウム;獣脂酸ナトリウム;アクリル酸タウライドナトリウム(sodium tauride acrylate)/アクリル酸/アクリロナイトロジェンコポリマー;トコフェリルリン酸ナトリウム;バレイショ(ジャガイモ)デンプン;ソイアミドDEA;ソイアミドプロピルベタイン;デンプン/アクリレート/アクリルアミドコポリマー;デンプンヒドロキシプロピル塩化トリモニウム;ステアラミドAMP;ステアラミドDEA;ジステアリン酸ステアラミドDEA;ステアリン酸ステアラミドDIBA;ステアラミドMEA;ステアリン酸ステアラミドMEA;ステアラミドMIPA;ステアラミドプロピルベタイン;ステアレス−60セチルエーテル;ステアレス−100/PEG−136/HDIコポリマー;ステアリルアルコール;ステアリルベタイン;カラヤゴムノキガム;合成フッ素金雲母;トールアミドDEA;獣脂アルコール;獣脂アミドDEA;獣脂アミドMEA;獣脂アミドプロピルベタイン;獣脂アミドプロピルヒドロキシスルタイン;獣脂アミンオキシド;獣脂ベタイン;獣脂ジヒドロキシエチルベタイン;タマリンド種子ガム;タピオカデンプン;アルギン酸TEA;TEA−カルボマー;TEA−塩酸塩;トリデセス−2カルボキサミドMEA;トリデシルアルコール;トリエチレングリコールジベンゾエート;トリメチルペンタノールヒドロキシエチルエーテル;コムギ(小麦)胚芽粉末;コムギ(小麦)核粉;コムギ(小麦)デンプン;アクリル酸トロメタミン/アクリロナイトロジェンコポリマー;トロメタミンケイ酸アルミニウムマグネシウム;ウンデシルアルコール;ウンデシレンアミドDEA;ウンデシレンアミドMEA;ウンデシレンアミドプロピルベタイン;ウェランガム;ウィートジャームアミドDEA;ウィートジャームアミドプロピルベタイン;キサンタンガム;酵母ベータグルカン;酵母多糖類、およびトウモロコシ(コーン)デンプンが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
一部の実施形態では、本明細書において開示される組成物は、その必要がある対象においてメラニン生成物を調節する。例えば、本明細書において開示される組成物は、メラニン生成を低下させて、その必要がある対象において色素沈着を減少させる。また、本明細書において開示される組成物は、表皮中に存在するメラニン細胞の数を減少させる機能を果たし、効果的にメラニン生成を低下させ、その必要がある対象において色素沈着を減少させることもできる。メラニン生成の低下は、皮膚、毛髪、眼の虹彩の基礎となる色素組織、また内耳の血管条において望ましい場合がある。本明細書において開示される組成物の投与または標的化は、メラニン生成を局所的に生じ、色素沈着を減少させるように作用し得る。
一部の実施形態では、本明細書に記載の任意の組成物は、化粧品組成物の形態で投与される。一部の実施形態では、化粧品組成物は、化粧品分野で周知の手順によって調製することができ、少なくとも1つの活性化合物と2つの抗酸化剤とを含む。
他の実施形態では、組成物は、所望の美容効果を達成する量で投与される。一部の実施形態では、色素沈着のレベルは、約5%、約10%、約12%、約15%、約17%、約20%、約25%、約30%、約35%、約40%、約45%、約45%、約50%、約55%、約60%、約65%、約70%、約75%、約80%、またはそれ以上減少する。一部の実施形態では、方法は、色素沈着のレベルを約5%、約10%、約20%、約30%、または約40%減少させる。一部の実施形態では、色素沈着のレベルは、約5%、約10%、約12%、約15%、約17%、約20%、約25%、約30%、約35%、約40%、約45%、約45%、約50%、約55%、約60%、約65%、約70%、約75%、約80%、またはそれ以上増加する。
局所用製剤
脱イオン水(69.30重量%)、グリセリン−USP(3.00%)、グリセレス−7(2.50%)、ポリアクリルアミド(2.25%)、およびエトキシジグリコール(2.20%)の混合物(パートA)を80℃まで加熱した。ステアリン酸グリセリル(5.00%)、ホホバ油(3.00%)、ステアリン酸イソセチル(3.25%)、スクアラン(4.10%)、リシノール酸セチル(3.40%)、4−エトキシベンズアルデヒド(1.00%)、およびフェノキシエタノール(1.00%)の別個の混合物(パートB)を80℃まで加熱した。連続的に混ぜて撹拌しながら、パートBをパートAに添加した。混ぜ合わせた混合物を連続的に混ぜながら30℃まで冷却して、化粧品組成物または薬学的組成物を得た。
局所用製剤
ステアリルアルコールおよび白色ワセリンを約75℃で融解させたあと、本発明の化合物、メチルパラベン、プロピルパラベン、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、およびプロピレングリコールの混合物を水に溶解した。得られる混合物を凝固するまで撹拌する。
局所用クリーム製剤
市販の鉱物油−水コールドクリーム基剤(100gm)に、微粉または液体としての0.75グラムの式Iの化合物を連続的に混ぜて撹拌しながら添加して、粉末を基剤に懸濁させ、化粧品組成物または薬学的組成物を得る。
局所用クリーム製剤
1%エトキシベンズアルデヒドを含有するクリーム組成物を以下のように製剤化する。1%エトキシベンズアルデヒド(1重量%)、ナイアシンアミド(2重量%)、ヒドロキノン(2重量%)をプロピレングリコール(15mL)に溶解する。このようにして調製した溶液をUSPグレードの親水軟膏(85gm)と、均一なクリームが得られるまで混合する。
局所用製剤
1%エトキシベンズアルデヒドと付加的な活性剤とを含む治療用組成物を以下にように製剤化する。エトキシベンズアルデヒド(1重量%)、ナイアシンアミド(2重量%)、およびコウジ酸(2重量%)をエタノール(70mL)と水(10mL)とプロピレングリコールとの混合物に、澄明溶液が得られるまで溶解する。
錠剤製剤
式Iの化合物を重量比0.1:1:1の乾燥ゼラチン結合剤およびデンプン希釈剤と混合する。潤滑量のステアリン酸マグネシウムを添加し、この混合物を10mgの活性置換ベンズアルデヒドを含有する210mg錠剤に形成した。
カプセル製剤
式Iの化合物を乾燥粉末としてデンプン希釈剤と重量比およそ0.1:2で混合する。この混合物を210mgカプセルに充填する(1カプセル当たり活性化合物10mg)。
経皮製剤
式Iの化合物をポリマーマトリクス、浸透促進剤、および1つまたは複数の他の賦形剤と混合する。この製剤を支持膜上に設置する。
例示的な局所用製剤
ある量の0.1〜0.5% 4EBを0.1〜0.75%レチノール、2.0〜8.0%ナイアシンアミド、1.0〜5.0%アスコルビン酸テトラヘキシルデシル、0.001〜0.5%甘草根抽出物、0.1〜3.0%レソルシノール、および0.1〜3.0%リノール酸エチル、ならびに1つまたは複数の他の賦形剤と混合する。
1.0 背景
顔面色素沈着過剰の治療における4種の局所用製品の有効性および耐容性を判定するためのハーフフェイス試験
色素沈着過剰とは、色素沈着の増加または異常に濃い皮膚の色のことである。色素沈着過剰は、過剰な量のメラニンが生成されたときに発生する。色素沈着過剰の原因には、日光暴露、特定の薬物、ホルモン変化、PIH(炎症後色素沈着)、または先天性色素沈着障害が含まれる。色素沈着過剰は、不均一な皮膚の色(色合い)および光老化した外観をもたらす。色素沈着異常は、特に皮膚における、色素の形成または分布の異常として特定される。
目的
この対照臨床使用試験は、顔面色素沈着過剰を治療するように作成された4種の局所用製品の、顔面に中等度から重度の色素沈着異常を有する女性が使用したときの、耐容性および有効性を評価および比較するために実施される。
判定
局所治療は、12週間の使用後、ベースラインと比較して、有効性パラメータの臨床評定スコアの統計的に有意な改善をもたらし、客観的刺激判定の統計的に有意でない変化を有するであろう。
試験のエンドポイント
4.1 主要エンドポイント:
有効性評点は、ベースライン時、4週目、8週目、および12週目に実施する。有効性評定は、(1)ベースラインからの変化(4週目、8週目、および12週目)、および(2)他のテスト製品との比較(4週目、8週目、および12週目)の統計的有意性が評価される。
4.2 二次エンドポイント:
5.0 テスト物質情報
5.1 試験識別手順
5.2 試験製品説明
試験参加資格を得た順に、対象に連番を付ける。
日光暴露は可能な限り避けなければならない。日光暴露が避けられない場合、日光暴露の前にSPF30のサンスクリーン剤を顔面皮膚に再塗布しなければならない。
左手を使用して、少量の左とラベル表示されたテスト製品を顔面左側のみに塗布する。製品の吸収を待ってから、保湿剤を塗布する。
右手を使用して、少量の右とラベル表示されたベース製品を顔面右側のみに塗布する。製品の吸収を待ってから、保湿剤を塗布する。
5.6 治療の盲検化
6.1 対象の数
適格要件を満たす60名の対象が、本臨床試験への参加を完了することが見込まれる。各対象が4種のテスト物質のうちの2種を使用し、それにより各テスト物質をおよそ30名の対象が使用することになる。
本試験の開始前に、各対象は、21 CFR §50.25の要件と一致するIRBの承認を受けたインフォームドコンセント同意書を標準的な手順により受け取る。署名したインフォームドコンセントがなければ、対象は本試験に参加する資格がない。
対象は、臨床試験番号と併せて使用したときに本試験の全ての対象を固有に識別する、3桁の番号が割り当てられる。この番号は、本試験を通して継続してその患者に使用され、本試験において個人に言及する際に常に使用しなければならない。試験開始後は、いかなる番号も再び割り当てることはない。
6.4 適格条件
7.1 説明
この対照臨床使用試験は、顔面皮膚の色素沈着過剰の臨床症状を改善する際の4種のテスト物質の有効性および耐容性(安全性)を評価および比較するために実施する。本試験は、12週間にわたって実施し、ベースライン時、4週目、8週目、および12週目の4回の訪問からなる。
7.2 手順の概要
8.1 試験前手順
対象候補は、1回目訪問の前に電話で適格要件審査を受ける。
対象候補は、資格基準の審査を受ける。審査を通過した対象は、審査番号が割り当てられ、第9.1項および第9.2項に概説するように、残りの有効性評価および耐容性(安全性)評価について評定される。
臨床医は、併用薬を記録し、前回の訪問から健康状態に何か変化があったかどうかを対象に質問する。
臨床医は、併用薬を記録し、前回の訪問から健康状態に何か変化があったかどうかを対象に質問する。
9.1 有効性評価
ベースライン時、4週目、8週目、および12週目に、熟練した臨床評定者が、示される評定尺度を用いて以下の有効性パラメータに関して対象の顔面右側および左側を評価する(状態をよりよく説明するために、以下の全ての尺度に0.5点を用いてもよい)。
ベースライン時、4週目、8週目、および12週目に、対象は、顔面右側および左側の様々な皮膚状態パラメータに関して自己判定質問票に記入する。
10.1 有害事象の定義
有害事象(AE)とは、対象に薬学的製剤/生物製剤(任意の用量で)、OTC、化粧品、または医療機器が使用される臨床研究中の不都合なあらゆる医療上の出来事のことであり、必ずしもテスト品目との間に因果関係が存在するものではない。したがってAEとは、医薬品の使用に一時的に付随する、好ましくない意図しないあらゆる徴候(例えば、検査所見の異常を含む)、症状、または疾患のことであり、その医薬品と関連するとみなされるか否かは問われない。有害事象は、適切な症例報告書および原文書に記録する。 10.2 重症度および関連性の判定
重篤な有害事象とは、任意の用量で発生するあらゆる経験および反応であり、以下の結果のいずれかをもたらすものを言う:死亡、生命を脅かす、患者の入院または入院期間の延長、永続的または顕著な障害/機能不全、あるいは先天奇形/出生時欠損。
それぞれの訪問で、対象は、自由回答式質問を用いて有害事象について質問される(例えば、「前回の訪問から、何か健康状態の変化に気付きましたか」)。
試験中に発生したあらゆる重篤な有害事象は、治療と関連するか否か、予期されていたか否かにかかわらず、報告される。
予想外の有害作用は、健康または安全に対するあらゆる深刻な有害作用、あらゆる生命を脅かす問題、またはテスト品目に起因もしくは関連する死が、その使用における発生の性質、重大性、もしくは程度に関してこれまで特定されていない場合の作用、問題、または死;あるいは被験者の権利、安全、または幸福に関係する、テスト品目に関連する他のあらゆる予想外の深刻な問題であると定義される。
テスト物質は、顔面に塗布したとき、軽度から中等度の一過性の紅斑、乾燥、ヒリヒリ感、チクチク感、および/または痒みを生じる可能性がある。上述の反応は有害反応として扱われない。これらの状態は、時間とともに消散する場合もそうでない場合もある。本質的に持続性かつ中等度から重度の症状、または隆起をともなう症状(例えば、浮腫、丘疹、小水疱、拡大型(spreading))は、有害事象(AE)とみなされる。
統計分析
治験実施計画書に適合した(PP)集団を有効性および耐容性試験の主要集団とする。PP集団には、無作為化され、全ての試験手順を完了した全ての対象が含まれる。4週目、8週目、および12週目の臨床評定スコアおよび色彩色差計測定値を対応のあるt検定を用いてベースラインスコア/値と比較する。ベースライン後のそれぞれの時点で、ベースラインからの平均変化率を全てのパラメータについて算出する。フィッシャーの最小有意差法(LSD)を用いた一対比較による分散分析(ANOVA)を用いて、3種のテスト物質間の比較を実施する。全ての差は、p<0.05のレベルで統計的に有意とみなされる。
評価者のID、および入力の日時、または補正された全ての入力を記録する電子データ収集システム(EDC)を用いて、臨床評定および色彩色差計測定を実施する。
図7、8、および9は、本研究の結果を提示する。全般的に、4% ヒドロキノンおよびベース+0.5% 4EBは、双方ともベースラインと比較して全ての時点で色素沈着過剰を有意に減少させた(図7を参照)。
6種の局所用美白製剤のUVR誘導性日焼けに対する有効性を評価する開放塗布試験
1.0 背景
以下の実施例は、紫外線照射(UVR)への急性暴露がメラニン形成を刺激して、皮膚の黒ずみまたは色素沈着過剰をもたらすことを検証する。
本試験は、暴露後治療計画を用いて、様々な線量のUVRを受けたあとのUV誘導性日焼け(色素沈着過剰)を減少させる6種のテスト物質の有効性を評価する。
3.0 判定
主要エンドポイント:未処置部分と比較したL*値の有意な変化
5.1 試験識別手順
各試験製品に、記録および報告で正しい識別を行うために、固有のテスト物質識別番号(TMIN)を指定する。
5.2 試験製品の説明
試験参加資格を得た順に、対象に連番を付ける。
UV照射は、天然の太陽光のスペクトルのものに相当する紫外線範囲のスペクトル出力(UVB:290〜320nmおよびUVA:320〜400nm)を有する人工光源により供給される。使用する人工光源は、公開されている試験ガイドラインに記載される光源のスペクトル規格に適合する。UV照射は、150ワットのキセノンアークランプを備える単一ポート太陽光シミュレータ(Model 16S,Solar UV Simulator,Solar Light Co.,Philadelphia)を用いて実施する。UVB+UVA照射は、太陽光シミュレータの照射経路に配置されたUG−11/1mmフィルターとWG−320フィルター(Schott Glass Technologies)の組み合わせを使用することによって得られる。
開放塗布方式を用いて、30マイクロリットル(μL)の各テスト物質を指定部位にこすり付けて塗布する。
対象の数
適格要件を満たす15名の対象が本臨床試験の参加を完了することが見込まれる。
インフォームドコンセント同意書
対象は、臨床試験番号と併せて使用したときに本試験の全ての対象を固有に識別する、3桁の番号が割り当てられる。この番号は、本試験を通して継続してその患者に使用され、本試験において個人に言及する際に常に使用される。試験開始後は、いかなる番号も再び割り当てることはない。
個人は、治験責任医師または指定された者の判断により、病歴および試験前の問診および検査の所見に基づいて、試験参加が認められる。個人は、試験登録前に、下記に挙げる適格条件の審査を受ける。
説明
この開放塗布臨床試験は、暴露前/暴露後治療計画を用いた、様々な線量のUVRを受けたあとの皮膚色素沈着の発生を抑制する6種のテスト物質の有効性を評価するために実施する。手順は、手順表に概説するように実施する。
8.1 1回目訪問:ベースライン:1日目
個人に、読むべきインフォームドコンセント(IC)文書が付与される。個人の試験に関する全ての質問に治験責任医師またはその指定された職員が答え、個人は、同意する場合、2部のICに署名する。
1. 450〜550ルクスの照度を供給するタングステンまたは温白色蛍光灯いずれかの光を用いて、1回目訪問の試験部位を検査する。
デジタル写真撮影は、第9.3項に概説するように実施する。
テスト物質を第5.4項に概説するように塗布する。7番目の部位は、照射された未処置対照の役割を果たすことになる。
デジタル写真撮影を第9.3項に概説するように実施し、色彩色差計測定を第9.2項に概説するように実施する。
9.1 MED決定採点法
ミノルタ色彩色差計CR−400をコンピュータと併用して、皮膚の色を判定する。L*値は、黒から白までのグレースケールで相対輝度を表現し、皮膚の色合いが明るくなる/色が薄くなるにつれスコアが増加する。b*値は、青から黄までの範囲の色相を表現し、皮膚中のメラニンの量に伴ってスコアが増加する。6つの処置部位および未処置の照射対照部位のそれぞれで1回測定を行う。
ニコンD300カメラおよびMicro Nikkorレンズを用いて、6つの処置部位および未処置の照射対照部位のデジタル写真撮影を実施する。各個人の試験部位および対照部位がはっきりとラベル表示され、各対象の写真中で基準色を見ることができる。画像は未加工データ(NEFファイル)として、またJPEGファイルとして、対象別に整理されて保存される。Image Pro Analysisソフトウェアを用いて写真を比色分析する。
10.1 有害事象の定義 有害事象(AE)とは、対象に薬学的製剤/生物製剤(任意の用量で)、OTC、化粧品、または医療機器が使用される臨床研究中の不都合なあらゆる医療上の出来事のことであり、必ずしもテスト品目との間に因果関係が存在するものではない。したがってAEとは、医薬品の使用に一時的に付随する、好ましくなく、意図しないあらゆる徴候(例えば、検査所見の異常を含む)、症状、または疾患のことであり、その医薬品と関連するとみなされるか否かは問われない。
重篤な有害事象とは、任意の用量で発生するあらゆる経験および反応であり、以下の結果のいずれかをもたらすものを言う:死亡、生命を脅かす、患者の入院または入院期間の延長、永続的または顕著な障害/機能不全、あるいは先天奇形/出生時欠損。
それぞれの訪問で、対象は、自由回答式質問を用いて有害事象について質問される(例えば、「前回の訪問から、何か健康状態の変化に気付きましたか」)。
予想外の有害作用は、健康または安全に対するあらゆる深刻な有害作用、あらゆる生命を脅かす問題、またはテスト品目に起因もしくは関連する死が、その使用における発生の性質、重大性、もしくは程度に関してこれまで特定されていない場合の作用、問題、または死;あるいは被験者の権利、安全、または幸福に関係する、テスト品目に関連する他のあらゆる予想外の深刻な問題であると定義される。
テスト物質は、皮膚に塗布したとき、試験部位、または試験部位周辺に軽度の刺激、例えば、紅斑、日焼け、落屑/乾燥、ヒリヒリ感、および/またはチクチク感を生じる可能性がある。上述の反応は有害反応として扱われない。部位が軽度のレベルの紅斑を示し始めた場合、製品の有効性の判定を妨げるであろう発赤を避けるために、製品の塗布を随時省いてもよい。UV暴露は、日光皮膚炎および不快感の可能性を生じるであろう。皮膚部位に色素沈着低下もしくは過剰が生じる可能性があり、皮膚はテスト物質またはビヒクルを塗布した場合に刺激を示す可能性がある。これらの状態は、時間とともに消散する場合もそうでない場合もある。本質的に持続性かつ中等度から重度の症状、または隆起を伴う症状(例えば、浮腫、丘疹、小水疱、拡大型(spreading))は、有害事象(AE)とみなされることになる。
標準化条件下で、処置部分および対照部分全てのデジタル写真を撮影する。コンピュータ支援測色アルゴリズムにより画像を分析して、L*値およびb*値を判定した。画像および色彩色差計測定からの処置部分および未処置部分のL*値を比較して、「皮膚美白指数」を提供する。
付表 2:例示的な試験カレンダー
UV誘導性色素沈着の輝度の増加は、4% ヒドロキノンと比較して、ベース+0.5% 4EBで処置した患者の部位において観察された(図6を参照)。
以下の実施例は、ヒト皮膚等価物を用いたメラニン生成の有効なモデルを提供する。
Claims (5)
- 個人において色素沈着過剰症またはメラニン増加症を治療する為の組成物であって、0.1%〜0.5質量%の置換ベンズアルデヒド、0.1〜0.75質量%のレチノール、2〜5質量%のナイアシンアミド、1.0〜5質量%のアスコルビン酸テトラヘキシルデシル、0.01〜0.5質量%のスペインカンゾウ(甘草)根抽出物、0.1〜3.0質量%のヘキシルレソルシノール、および0.1〜3.0質量%のリノール酸エチルを含み、任意に薬学的または化粧品的に許容可能な担体を含んでいても良い、前記置換ベンズアルデヒドが、4−エトキシベンズアルデヒドである組成物。
- 前記組成物中の置換ベンズアルデヒドの量が約0.5%である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物がそれを必要とする前記個人の皮膚に局所的または経皮的に投与される、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が1つまたは複数の付加的な活性剤をさらに含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記付加的な活性剤が、抗酸化剤、サンスクリーン剤、日焼け防止剤、サンブロック剤、皮膚美白剤、抗炎症剤、抗ニキビ剤、またはそれらの混合物である、請求項4に記載の組成物。
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JP2017019826A Pending JP2017101058A (ja) | 2011-01-07 | 2017-02-06 | メラニン改変組成物および使用方法 |
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EP (1) | EP2661264B1 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP6378878B2 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN103442702B (ja) |
AU (4) | AU2012204164A1 (ja) |
CA (3) | CA2932130C (ja) |
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