JP5792260B2 - 水性組成物中の有機物質の分解方法 - Google Patents
水性組成物中の有機物質の分解方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5792260B2 JP5792260B2 JP2013229095A JP2013229095A JP5792260B2 JP 5792260 B2 JP5792260 B2 JP 5792260B2 JP 2013229095 A JP2013229095 A JP 2013229095A JP 2013229095 A JP2013229095 A JP 2013229095A JP 5792260 B2 JP5792260 B2 JP 5792260B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 145
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 104
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 115
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 44
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloridooxygen Chemical compound ClOCl RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims 3
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- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 36
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- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 13
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
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- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CO XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
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- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 8
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- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
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- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- DYPJJAAKPQKWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloropropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(Cl)CO DYPJJAAKPQKWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AVGQTJUPLKNPQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloropropane Chemical compound CCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl AVGQTJUPLKNPQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XEPXTKKIWBPAEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloropropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)(Cl)Cl XEPXTKKIWBPAEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBDZXPJXOMHESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl GBDZXPJXOMHESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940051269 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- YHRUOJUYPBUZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloropropane Chemical compound ClCCCCl YHRUOJUYPBUZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004801 Chlorinated PVC Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003935 Flemion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Co] Chemical compound [Cr].[Co] WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KHPLPBHMTCTCHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium chlorate Chemical class N.OCl(=O)=O KHPLPBHMTCTCHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KBKZYWOOZPIUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;hypochlorous acid Chemical class N.ClO KBKZYWOOZPIUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YALMXYPQBUJUME-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chlorate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O YALMXYPQBUJUME-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000457 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorite Chemical compound [O-]Cl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BULLHNJGPPOUOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CCl BULLHNJGPPOUOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XENVCRGQTABGKY-ZHACJKMWSA-N chlorohydrin Chemical compound CC#CC#CC#CC#C\C=C\C(Cl)CO XENVCRGQTABGKY-ZHACJKMWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940120503 dihydroxyacetone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CKAPSXZOOQJIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl CKAPSXZOOQJIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005297 material degradation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NJTGANWAUPEOAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N molport-023-220-454 Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO NJTGANWAUPEOAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CEOCDNVZRAIOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl CEOCDNVZRAIOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020030 perry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
- C02F1/4674—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/14—Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/22—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by freezing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/03—Pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Description
本特許出願は、その両方の内容が参照により本明細書に援用される、2008年1月31日出願の欧州特許出願公開第08150927.9号明細書および2008年12月12日出願の欧州特許出願公開第08171544.3号明細書の優先権を主張するものである。
・ 工程(a)のより高いpHで、有機物質の酸化はより遅い速度で進行するが、極めて酸化されにくい塩素化有機物質を与える有機物質の塩素化は抑えられる、
・ 工程(b2)のより低いpHで、残存有機物質の酸化はより速く、それらの残存有機物質の塩素化はそれらのより低い濃度のために減少する。
1リットルの作業容量を有する、および垂直冷却器を備えたガラス恒温ジャケット付き反応器に、1kg当たり、4.76gの3−クロロプロパン−1,2−ジオール、5.03gの1,3−ジクロロ−2−プロパノール、2.39gの2,3−ジクロロ−1−プロパノール、0.17gのグリセロール(1,2,3−プロパントリオール)、217gの塩化ナトリウムを含有し、残りが水である269gの塩水を供給した。当該塩水のTOCは4.2gC/lであり、計算CODは11.5gO/kgであった。当該塩水を、大気圧(約1013絶対ミリバール)下におよび撹拌(マグネティックバー)下に還流(約107℃)で加熱した。この加熱される塩水に、1kg当たり、1.532モルの次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaOCl)、0.006モルの塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO3)、0.100モルの水酸化ナトリウム、1.54モルの塩化ナトリウムを含有し、残りが脱塩水である水性次亜塩素酸塩溶液の第1の画分(63.2g)を一気に(時間ゼロ)加えた。(それぞれ、62.7g、63.8gおよび63.5gの)第2、第3および第4の画分を、それぞれ、15、30および45分後に、それぞれ一気に加えた。
加えられる次亜塩素酸塩の量およびpHを表2に記載されるように修正したことを除いて実施例1の手順に従った。
処理されるべき塩水がいかなるモノクロロプロパンジオールも含有しなかったこと、加えられる次亜塩素酸塩の量およびpHを表3に記載されるように修正したことを除いて実施例1の手順に従った。表3には、結果もまとめる。
400mlの作業容量を有する、垂直冷却材およびマグネティックバーを備えた第1のガラス恒温ジャケット付き反応器(R1)に、
・ 1kg当たり、1.989gのエチレングリコール、3.580gのギ酸、16.53gの塩化ナトリウムを含有し、残りが水である塩水。当該塩水の計算TOCは1.70gC/lであり、計算CODは3.81gO/kg(16.91gCl2/kg)であった。
・ 1kg当たり、1.550モルの次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaOCl、109.92gCl2/kg)、0.0123モルの塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO3)、0.133モルの水酸化ナトリウム、1.708モルの塩化ナトリウムを含有し、残りが脱塩水である水性次亜塩素酸塩溶液の第1の流れ
を連続的に供給した。
・ 連続オーバーフローによって第1反応器を出た液体混合物
・ 水性次亜塩素酸塩溶液の第2の流れ
を連続的に供給した。
・ 連続オーバーフローによって第2反応器を出た液体混合物
を連続的に供給した。
次亜塩素酸塩溶液が1kg当たり、1.327モルの次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaOCl、94.10gCl2/kg)、0.0037モルの塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO3)、0.58モルの水酸化ナトリウム、1.914モルの塩化ナトリウムを含有し、残りが脱塩水であったことを除いて実施例8の手順に従った。
処理を、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンで被覆されたマグネティックスターラー・バー、ガラスジャケット中の熱電対センサー、pH電極、塩素ガス添加用のチューブおよびスクラバーに連結された垂直冷却器を備えたガラス恒温反応器で実施した。
実施例11の装置および手順を用いた。
実施例8の手順に従った。
撹拌用のマグネティックバー、中央に配置された石英ジャケット中の150Wの入力定格のHeraeus−Noblelight製の中圧High Tech QCランプ、スクラバーに連結された垂直冷却器、液体を導入するための手段およびオーバーフローシステムを備えた5リットルのガラス反応器を使用した。
ランプのエネルギー散逸が15Wh/lであるように、塩水流量を10l/時間に上げたことを除いて実施例14の条件を用いた。処理前の塩水は、3.36g/kgの活性塩素、3.86g/kgの塩素酸ナトリウム、170g/kgの塩化ナトリウム、0.145g/lの酢酸、0.023g/lのグリコール酸および0.035g/lのギ酸(0.066gC/lのTOC含量)を含有した。追加の活性塩素を反応器に全く加えず、pHを、37重量%HClの添加で4.2に調整した。温度を95℃に設定した。反応器での液体の滞留時間は30分であった。反応器のアウトプットで集められた塩水は、0.55g/kgの活性塩素、4.3g/kgの塩素酸ナトリウム、0.042g/lの酢酸を含有した。TOC含量は0.024gC/lであった。
陽極および陰極ならびに撹拌デバイスを含む、1リットルの非分離電解セルを使用した。陽極は、電気化学コーティングがその上に適用されたチタン基材からなった。試験を非連続モード下に実施した。セルを、組成物1kg当たり、163gの塩化ナトリウム、ならびに組成物1リットル当たり135mgの酢酸、46mgのグリコール酸および2mgのギ酸、および130mgのC/lのTOCを含む水性組成物で満たした。
陽極表面と水性組成物の容積との比が0.28cm−1であったことを除いて実施例16の条件を用いた。結果を表7に提示する。
直流密度が0.1kA/m2であったことを除いて実施例16の条件を用いた。結果を表7に提示する。
陽極表面と水性組成物の容積との比が0.28cm−1であったことを除いて実施例16の条件を用いた。酢酸転化率を通した電荷の関数として記録した。結果を表8に提示する。
直流密度が電極1m2当たり0.5kA/m2であったことを除いて実施例19の条件を用いた。結果を表8に提示する。
直流密度が0.1kA/m2であったことを除いて実施例19の条件を用いた。結果を表8に提示する。
膜で分離された、1陽極の陽極液室と1陰極の陰極液室とを含む、0.6リットルの電解槽を用いた。陽極は、その上に電気化学コーティングが施されたチタン基材からなった。陰極は、その上に電気化学コーティングが施されたニッケル基材からなった。膜は、旭硝子株式会社−Flemion F8020膜であった。陰極液室中のNaOH濃度を、29重量%のNaOHを含有する水性組成物を陰極液室に連続的に供給することによって32重量%のNaOHに設定した。陽極液室中のNaCl濃度を、組成物1kg当たり、250gの塩化ナトリウム、ならびに組成物1リットル当たり120mgの酢酸、21mgのジクロル酢酸、20mgのグリセロール、1.5mgのコハク酸、1.5mgのシュウ酸、1mgのグリセルアルデヒド、0.5mgのホルムアルデヒド、および70mgのC/lのTOCを含む水性組成物を陽極液室に連続的に供給することによって19重量%に設定した。
陽極液室に、組成物1kg当たり、250gの塩化ナトリウム、ならびに組成物1リットル当たり、130mgの酢酸、32mgのジクロル酢酸、22mgのグリセロール、12mgのプロピオン酸、3.1mgのコハク酸、2.7mgのシュウ酸、0.3mgのグリセルアルデヒド、0.6mgのホルムアルデヒド、および85mgのC/lのTOCを含む水性組成物を供給したことを除いて実施例22の条件を用いた。
陽極液室に、組成物1kg当たり、250gの塩化ナトリウム、ならびに組成物1リットル当たり70mgの酢酸、25mgのギ酸、10mgのシュウ酸および5mgのジクロロ酢酸、ならびに65mgのC/lのTOCを含む水性組成物を供給したことを除いて実施例22の条件を用いた。
実施例8の手順に従った。
実施例25に使用された塩水を、直接にすなわち次亜塩酸酸塩処理を適用することなく実施例25の蒸発結晶化処理にかけた。
Claims (15)
- 5g/kg以上、270g/kg以下である含量で、塩化ナトリウムを含む水性組成物(I)中の有機物質の分解方法であって、前記有機物質を酸化するために、0.001以上かつ1.5より低い水酸化物と次亜塩素酸塩とのモル比で水酸化物イオン(OH−)および次亜塩素酸塩を含む少なくとも1つの組成物(II)を前記水生組成物(I)に添加し液体相で反応させる工程(a)を含む方法であって、工程(a)が、下限が6以上であり上限が9以下である範囲に制御および維持された第1pH値で実施される、方法。
- 前記塩化ナトリウムの含量が、30g/kg以上、270g/kg以下である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 水酸化物イオン(OH−)および次亜塩素酸塩を含む前記組成物(II)が、塩素酸塩および塩化ナトリウムを含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)の後で、工程(a)の液体相の少なくとも一部が、塩化ナトリウムの少なくとも一部を沈殿させるために、冷却、蒸発結晶化、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される操作にかけられる、さらなる工程(b1)、その後に実施される、沈殿した塩化ナトリウムの少なくとも一部と水性組成物(I)中に存在する水の少なくとも一部とが回収される工程、ならびに/または
工程(a)の後で、工程(a)の液体相の少なくとも一部が工程(a)の第1pH値より低い第2の値のpHにするために酸性化操作にかけられ、そして前記有機物質がさらに酸化される、さらなる工程(b2)を含む、
請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 塩素、次亜塩素酸塩、塩素酸塩、二酸化塩素、一酸化二塩素、およびそれらの任意の混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物が工程(b2)の反応媒体に加えられる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物が塩素であり、工程(b2)中の塩素の分圧が0.001バール以上かつ10バール以下である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 工程(b2)中にまたは工程(b2)後に、UV−可視光での処理が前記反応媒体に対して実施される、請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(b2)中にまたは工程(b2)後に、電解による処理が前記反応媒体に対して実施される、請求項4〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(b1)が、工程(b2)の終わりに得られた反応媒体に対して実施される、請求項4〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(a)、(b1)および(b2)の少なくとも1つが連続モードで実施される、請求項4〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(a)の反応が、以下の条件:
i.下限が7以上であり、かつ上限が9以下である範囲に制御および維持されるpH、
ii.10℃以上かつ200℃以下の温度、
iii.1バール(絶対)以上かつ11バール以下の圧力、
iv.本方法の工程(a)が非連続モードで実施されるとき、0.05時間以上かつ8時間以下の継続期間、
v.本方法の工程(a)が連続モードで実施されるとき、0.05時間以上かつ8時間以下の滞留時間
の少なくとも1つで実施される、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 工程(a)が連続モードで実施され、かつ、前記工程(a)の反応が、少なくとも1つが混合方式下に運転され、他の少なくとも1つがプラグフロー方式下に運転される、少なくとも2つの連続した反応ゾーンで実施される、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(b2)の反応が、以下の条件:
i.下限が0.01以上であり、かつ上限が6より低い範囲に制御および維持されるpH、
ii.10℃以上かつ200℃以下の温度、
iii.1バール(絶対)以上かつ11バール以下の圧力、
iv.本方法の工程(b2)が非連続モードで実施されるとき、0.05時間以上かつ8時間以下の継続期間、
v.本方法の工程(b2)が連続モードで実施されるとき、0.05時間以上かつ8時間以下の滞留時間
の少なくとも1つで実施される、請求項4〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 処理されるべき前記有機物質を含有する前記水性組成物が、グリセロールからのエポキシドの製造プロセスに、もしくは塩素化有機化合物の製造プロセスに、または両プロセスに由来する、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)もしくは工程(b2)後の水性組成物(I)、または工程(b1)後に回収された沈殿した塩化ナトリウム、または工程(b1)後に回収された沈殿した塩化ナトリウムおよび水の組み合わせを、塩素を製造するための電解における出発原料として使用する、請求項4〜10、13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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US8795536B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
WO2009095429A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
US20100294727A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
JP2014028372A (ja) | 2014-02-13 |
JP2011510807A (ja) | 2011-04-07 |
PL2240414T3 (pl) | 2014-04-30 |
EA201070905A1 (ru) | 2011-02-28 |
CN101925539A (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
CN101925539B (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
TWI478875B (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
EP2240414A1 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
TW200944480A (en) | 2009-11-01 |
EP2240414B1 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
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