GB467481A - Processes of removing water from aqueous aliphatic acids - Google Patents
Processes of removing water from aqueous aliphatic acidsInfo
- Publication number
- GB467481A GB467481A GB2536835A GB2536835A GB467481A GB 467481 A GB467481 A GB 467481A GB 2536835 A GB2536835 A GB 2536835A GB 2536835 A GB2536835 A GB 2536835A GB 467481 A GB467481 A GB 467481A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- column
- pipe
- acid
- entrainer
- overflow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C51/43—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
- C07C51/44—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
- C07C51/46—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation by azeotropic distillation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
In the concentration of lower aliphatic acids (other than formic acid), an ester, ether, ketone, or alcohol-ester mixture is employed as entrainer having a boiling point between 25 DEG below and 30 DEG above the boiling point of the acid, and forming an azeotropic mixture with water boiling below 100 DEG C., the supply of entrainer and aqueous acid, and the heating of the column being so regulated that the lower part of the column is maintained free from entrainer and serves to rectify aqueous acid. The column may be in two parts, the upper one effecting the azeotropic distillation. The process may be effected in the one- or two-column apparatus shown in Specification 383,148 or more than two columns may be employed. Suitable entrainers are the alcohol-ester mixtures used in Specification 467,559, allyl, butyl, isobutyl, amyl, isoamyl, and crotonyl acetates, butyl, amyl, and isoamyl formates, propyl and butyl propionates, ethyl and butyl butyrates, dichloromethyl, ethyl isoamyl, allyl isoamyl, ethyl amyl, dibutyl, di-isobutyl, and di sec.-butyl ethers, chloroacetone, allyl acetone, mesityl oxide and ethyl <PICT:0467481/IV/1> propyl, methyl butyl, and dipropyl ketones. The process may be used for concentrating acetic, propionic and butyric acids or mixtures of them. In the apparatus shown, the azeotropic distillation is effected in a column 103 and simple distillation of the acid in a column 102. Most of the heat for the system is supplied by a " calendria " 104 connected with the column 102 by p pipes 106, 108. The liquid acid flows down by the pipe 106 and vaporized acid ascends by the pipe 108, but part is taken by a pipe 137 to a refining column 130 in which the concentrated acid is finally treated. Vaporized aqueous acid is supplied to the column 102 by a pipe 139 connected with vaporizers 146, 147. The vapour issues at the top of the column 102 by a pipe 161 leading to the column 103; from this latter column the azeotropic mixture passes to a condenser 164 and the condensate separates into two layers in a vessel 167, the entrainer returning to the column by an overflow 174, and pipe 177 while the aqueous layer is withdrawn at an overflow 176. The pipe 177 has a branch 179 connected through a sight-glass 181 and pipe 183 with the column 102. The overflow 176 carries the aqueous layer to a pipe 189 to provide a reflux in the column 103 or to a pipe 188 which may be connected with a flash column 191. When the process is effected in the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, of Specification 383,148, the column 41 contains an excess of water. Specification 356,787 also is referred to.ALSO:In the concentration of lower aliphatic acids such as acetic acid an entraining agent is used consisting of an ester, ether, ketone, or alcohol-ester mixture of a boiling point between 25 DEG C. lower and 30 DEG C. higher than the boiling-point of the acid, and forming an azeotropic mixture with water boiling below 100 DEG C., and the supply of entrainer and aqueous acid and the heating of the column are so regulated that the lower part of the column is maintained free from entraining agent and serves to rectify aqueous acid. The apparatus may have one, two or more columns. In the apparatus shown, the azeotropic distillation is effected in a column 103 and simple distillation in a column 102. Most of the heat for the system is supplied by a "calendria" 104 connected with the column 102 by pipes 106, 108. The liquid acid flows down by the pipe 106 and the vaporized acid ascends by the pipe 108, but part is taken by a pipe 137 to a refining column 130 in which the concentrated acid is finally treated. Vaporized aqueous acid is supplied to the column 102 by a pipe 139 connected with vaporizers 146, 147. The vapour issues at the top of the column 102 by a pipe 161 leading to the column 103; from this latter column the <PICT:0467481/III/1> azeotropic mixture passes to a condenser 164, and the condensate separates into two layers in a vessel 167, the entrainer returning to the column by an overflow 174 and pipe 177, while the aqueous layer is withdrawn at an overflow 176. The pipe 177 has a branch 179 connected through a sight-glass 181 and pipe 183 with the column 102. The overflow 176 carries the aqueous layer to a pipe 189 to provide a reflux in the column 103 or to a pipe 188 which may be connected to a flash column 191.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB2536835A GB467481A (en) | 1935-09-12 | 1935-09-12 | Processes of removing water from aqueous aliphatic acids |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB2536835A GB467481A (en) | 1935-09-12 | 1935-09-12 | Processes of removing water from aqueous aliphatic acids |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB467481A true GB467481A (en) | 1937-06-14 |
Family
ID=10226535
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB2536835A Expired GB467481A (en) | 1935-09-12 | 1935-09-12 | Processes of removing water from aqueous aliphatic acids |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB467481A (en) |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006100311A2 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-09-28 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Method for making an epoxide |
FR2885903A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-24 | Solvay | 0rocess of manufacturing epoxide involving halo ketone formation as a by-product, comprises eliminating at least a part of the formed halo ketone |
US7930651B2 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2011-04-19 | Research In Motion Limited | Agenda display in an electronic device |
US7939696B2 (en) | 2005-11-08 | 2011-05-10 | Solvay Societe Anonyme | Process for the manufacture of dichloropropanol by chlorination of glycerol |
US8067645B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2011-11-29 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for producing a chlorhydrin from a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon and/or ester thereof in the presence of metal salts |
US8124814B2 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2012-02-28 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Crude glycerol-based product, process for its purification and its use in the manufacture of dichloropropanol |
US8197665B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2012-06-12 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Aqueous composition containing a salt, manufacturing process and use |
US8258350B2 (en) | 2007-03-07 | 2012-09-04 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for the manufacture of dichloropropanol |
US8273923B2 (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2012-09-25 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for manufacturing a chlorohydrin |
US8314205B2 (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2012-11-20 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Glycerol-based product, process for obtaining same and use thereof in the manufacturing of dichloropropanol |
US8378130B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2013-02-19 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Product containing epichlorohydrin, its preparation and its use in various applications |
US8415509B2 (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2013-04-09 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for producing dichloropropanol from glycerol, the glycerol coming eventually from the conversion of animal fats in the manufacture of biodiesel |
US8471074B2 (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2013-06-25 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for the manufacture of dichloropropanol |
US8507643B2 (en) | 2008-04-03 | 2013-08-13 | Solvay S.A. | Composition comprising glycerol, process for obtaining same and use thereof in the manufacture of dichloropropanol |
US8536381B2 (en) | 2008-09-12 | 2013-09-17 | Solvay Sa | Process for purifying hydrogen chloride |
US8715568B2 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2014-05-06 | Solvay Sa | Use of compositions containing silicon for improving the corrosion resistance of vessels |
US8795536B2 (en) | 2008-01-31 | 2014-08-05 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for degrading organic substances in an aqueous composition |
US9309209B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2016-04-12 | Solvay Sa | Derivative of epichlorohydrin of natural origin |
-
1935
- 1935-09-12 GB GB2536835A patent/GB467481A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8415509B2 (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2013-04-09 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for producing dichloropropanol from glycerol, the glycerol coming eventually from the conversion of animal fats in the manufacture of biodiesel |
US9663427B2 (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2017-05-30 | Solvay (Société Anonyme) | Process for producing epichlorohydrin |
US7893193B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2011-02-22 | Solvay (Société Anonyme) | Method for making a chlorohydrin |
US8106245B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2012-01-31 | Solvay (Société Anonyme) | Method for preparing chlorohydrin by converting polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbons |
US7615670B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2009-11-10 | Solvay (Société Anonyme) | Method for making chlorohydrin in liquid phase in the presence of heavy compounds |
FR2885903A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-24 | Solvay | 0rocess of manufacturing epoxide involving halo ketone formation as a by-product, comprises eliminating at least a part of the formed halo ketone |
US7906691B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2011-03-15 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Method for making chlorohydrin in corrosion-resistant equipment |
US7906692B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2011-03-15 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Method for making a chlorohydrin by chlorinating a polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon |
WO2006100311A2 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-09-28 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Method for making an epoxide |
US8389777B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2013-03-05 | Solvay (Société Anonyme) | Continuous method for making chlorhydrines |
US8067645B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2011-11-29 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for producing a chlorhydrin from a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon and/or ester thereof in the presence of metal salts |
US7557253B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2009-07-07 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Method for converting polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbons into chlorohydrins |
US8420871B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2013-04-16 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for producing an organic compound |
US8344185B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2013-01-01 | SOLVAY (Société Anonyme | Method for making a chlorhydrine by reaction between a polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a chlorinating agent |
US8173823B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2012-05-08 | Solvay (Société Anonyme) | Method for making an epoxide |
WO2006100311A3 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-23 | Solvay | Method for making an epoxide |
US8591766B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2013-11-26 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Continuous process for preparing chlorohydrins |
EA018479B1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2013-08-30 | Солвей (Сосьете Аноним) | Method for making an epoxide |
US8519198B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2013-08-27 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Method for making an epoxide |
US8106246B2 (en) | 2005-11-08 | 2012-01-31 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for the manufacture of dichloropropanol by chlorination of glycerol |
US7939696B2 (en) | 2005-11-08 | 2011-05-10 | Solvay Societe Anonyme | Process for the manufacture of dichloropropanol by chlorination of glycerol |
US8124814B2 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2012-02-28 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Crude glycerol-based product, process for its purification and its use in the manufacture of dichloropropanol |
US7930651B2 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2011-04-19 | Research In Motion Limited | Agenda display in an electronic device |
US8258350B2 (en) | 2007-03-07 | 2012-09-04 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for the manufacture of dichloropropanol |
US8471074B2 (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2013-06-25 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for the manufacture of dichloropropanol |
US8273923B2 (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2012-09-25 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for manufacturing a chlorohydrin |
US8399692B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2013-03-19 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Epichlorohydrin, manufacturing process and use |
US8378130B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2013-02-19 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Product containing epichlorohydrin, its preparation and its use in various applications |
US8197665B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2012-06-12 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Aqueous composition containing a salt, manufacturing process and use |
US8715568B2 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2014-05-06 | Solvay Sa | Use of compositions containing silicon for improving the corrosion resistance of vessels |
US8314205B2 (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2012-11-20 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Glycerol-based product, process for obtaining same and use thereof in the manufacturing of dichloropropanol |
US8795536B2 (en) | 2008-01-31 | 2014-08-05 | Solvay (Societe Anonyme) | Process for degrading organic substances in an aqueous composition |
US8507643B2 (en) | 2008-04-03 | 2013-08-13 | Solvay S.A. | Composition comprising glycerol, process for obtaining same and use thereof in the manufacture of dichloropropanol |
US8536381B2 (en) | 2008-09-12 | 2013-09-17 | Solvay Sa | Process for purifying hydrogen chloride |
US9309209B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2016-04-12 | Solvay Sa | Derivative of epichlorohydrin of natural origin |
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