JP2019163020A - 車両駆動装置 - Google Patents
車両駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019163020A JP2019163020A JP2018143357A JP2018143357A JP2019163020A JP 2019163020 A JP2019163020 A JP 2019163020A JP 2018143357 A JP2018143357 A JP 2018143357A JP 2018143357 A JP2018143357 A JP 2018143357A JP 2019163020 A JP2019163020 A JP 2019163020A
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- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
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- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
- B60L9/16—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
- B60L9/18—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from dc supply lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
- B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
- B60K2001/045—Arrangement in a wheel, e.g. a spare wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
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- B60L2220/12—Induction machines
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態によるハイブリッド駆動装置を搭載した車両のレイアウト図である。図2は本実施形態のハイブリッド駆動装置を搭載した車両の前部を上方から見た透視図であり、図3は車両の前部を側面から見た透視図である。図4は、図2のiv−iv線に沿う断面図である。
なお、本実施形態において、トランスミッション14cは、所謂トランスアクスル配置である。これにより、エンジン12の直後の位置に外径の大きな変速機の本体が存在しなくなるので、フロアトンネル(プロペラシャフトトンネル4d)の幅を小さくすることができ、乗員の中央側足元空間を確保して乗員に真正面に正対した左右対称な下半身姿勢をとらせることが可能となる。更に、この乗員の姿勢を確保しつつ主駆動モータ16の外径や、長さを出力に応じた十分な大きさにすることが容易になる。
なお、上記のように、本実施形態においてはトランスアクスル配置が採用されているため、これにより生じたフロアトンネル(プロペラシャフトトンネル4d)前方の空間に向けて、バッテリ18を収容する容積を拡大することができる。これにより、フロアトンネルの幅を大きくして乗員の中央側空間を狭めることなく、バッテリ18容量の確保、拡大が可能になる。また、変形例として、車両1の後部にバッテリ18を配置することもできる。
図5は、本発明の第1実施形態によるハイブリッド駆動装置10における各種信号の入出力を示すブロック図である。図6は、本発明の第1実施形態によるハイブリッド駆動装置10の電源構成を示すブロック図である。図7は、本実施形態のハイブリッド駆動装置10において、キャパシタ22に電力が回生された場合における電圧の変化の一例を模式的に示す図である。図8は、本実施形態のハイブリッド駆動装置10において使用されている各モータの出力と車速の関係を示す図である。
図7に示すように、キャパシタ22の電圧は、バッテリ18によるベース電圧と、キャパシタ22自体の端子間電圧の合計となる。車両1の減速時等には、各副駆動モータ20により電力の回生が行われ、回生された電力はキャパシタ22に充電される。キャパシタ22への充電が行われると比較的急激に端子間電圧が上昇する。充電によりキャパシタ22の電圧が所定電圧以上に上昇すると、高圧DC/DCコンバータ26aによりキャパシタ22の電圧が降圧され、バッテリ18への充電が行われる。図7に示すように、このキャパシタ22からバッテリ18への充電は、キャパシタ22への充電よりも比較的緩やかに行われ、キャパシタ22の電圧は適正電圧まで比較的緩やかに低下される。
一方、主駆動モータ16によって回生された電力は、バッテリ18に直接充電される。
図9に示すように、副駆動モータ20は、ステータ28と、このステータの周囲で回転するロータ30から構成されたアウターロータタイプの誘導電動機である。
図12は、トランスミッション14cをシフトダウン又はシフトアップした場合において、車両に作用する加速度の変化を模式的に示す図であり、上段から順にダウンシフトトルクダウン、ダウンシフトトルクアシスト、アップシフトトルクアシストの一例を夫々示している。
2a 後輪(主駆動輪)
2b 前輪(副駆動輪)
4a サブフレーム
4b フロントサイドフレーム
4c ダッシュパネル
4d プロペラシャフトトンネル
6a エンジンマウント
6b キャパシタ用マウント
8a アッパアーム
8b ロアアーム
8c スプリング
8d ショックアブソーバ
10 ハイブリッド駆動装置(車両駆動装置)
12 エンジン(内燃機関)
14 動力伝達機構
14a プロペラシャフト
14b クラッチ
14c トランスミッション(有段変速機、自動変速機)
14d トルクチューブ
16 主駆動モータ(主駆動電動機、車体側モータ)
16a インバータ
18 バッテリ(蓄電器)
20 副駆動モータ(前輪用モータ、インホイールモータ)
20a インバータ
22 キャパシタ
22a ブラケット
22b ハーネス
24 制御装置(制御器)
25 電装品
26a 高圧DC/DCコンバータ(第1の電圧変換器)
26b 低圧DC/DCコンバータ(第2の電圧変換器)
28 ステータ
28a ステータベース
28b ステータシャフト
28c ステータコイル
30 ロータ
30a ロータ本体
30b ロータコイル
32 電気絶縁液室
32a 電気絶縁液
34 ベアリング
40 モード選択スイッチ
42 車速センサ
44 アクセル開度センサ
46 ブレーキセンサ
48 エンジン回転数センサ
50 自動変速機入力回転センサ
52 自動変速機出力回転センサ
54 電圧センサ
56 電流センサ
58 燃料噴射弁
60 点火プラグ
62 油圧ソレノイド弁
101 車両
102a 前輪(主駆動輪)
102b 後輪(副駆動輪)
201 車両
202a 前輪(主駆動輪)
301 車両
302b 後輪(主駆動輪)
Claims (8)
- 車両の車輪を駆動するモータを備えた車両駆動装置であって、
上記車両の前輪を駆動するための前輪用モータと、
上記前輪用モータを駆動するための電力を供給するバッテリ及びキャパシタと、を有し、
上記前輪用モータには、直列に接続された上記バッテリ及び上記キャパシタの電圧が印加され、
上記キャパシタは、上記車両の左右の前輪の間に配置されていることを特徴とする車両駆動装置。 - 上記キャパシタは、上記車両の側方から見て上記前輪と少なくとも一部が重なる位置に配置されている請求項1記載の車両駆動装置。
- さらに、上記車両を駆動するための内燃機関を有し、上記キャパシタは、上記内燃機関の前側に配置されると共に、上記車両の前方から見て上記内燃機関と少なくとも一部が重なる位置に配置されている請求項1又は2に記載の車両駆動装置。
- 上記前輪用モータは、上記車両の左右の前輪に夫々設けられたインホイールモータである請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載の車両駆動装置。
- 上記バッテリは、上記車両の車室の下方、又は上記車両の後部に配置されている請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の車両駆動装置。
- 上記キャパシタの最大の端子間電圧は、上記バッテリの端子間電圧よりも高い電圧に設定されている請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の車両駆動装置。
- さらに、上記キャパシタと上記バッテリの間に接続された第1の電圧変換器を有し、
この第1の電圧変換器は、上記バッテリの電圧を昇圧して、上記バッテリに蓄積された電力を上記キャパシタに充電、
上記キャパシタの電圧を降圧して、上記キャパシタに蓄積された電力を上記バッテリに充電、のうちの少なくとも一方を行うように構成されている請求項1乃至6の何れか1項に記載の車両駆動装置。 - さらに、上記バッテリと上記車両に備えられた電装品との間に接続された第2の電圧変換器を有し、この第2の電圧変換器は、上記バッテリの電圧を降圧して上記電装品に電力を供給する請求項1乃至7の何れか1項に記載の車両駆動装置。
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DE102018208425A1 (de) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-11-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Antriebsstrang für ein Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere für einen Kraftwagen, sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Antriebsstrangs |
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JP2021138317A (ja) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両ユニット搭載構造 |
JP2022002429A (ja) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-01-06 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両用駆動システム |
JP7486719B2 (ja) * | 2020-09-01 | 2024-05-20 | マツダ株式会社 | ハイブリッド車両の制御装置 |
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