JP2014225713A - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明にかかる半導体装置は、半導体基板20と、半導体基板20の表面に形成された半導体層と、半導体基板20の裏面に形成されたドレイン電極77と、半導体層内にチャネルを形成するゲート電極50とを備える。半導体層は、半導体基板20上に形成されたドリフト層21と、ドリフト層21上に形成され、ゲート絶縁膜30を介してゲート電極50と対向する複数の第2導電型の第1ウェル領域41と、半導体層内においてゲート電極50とドレイン電極77との間に配置され、隣り合う第1ウェル領域41のそれぞれと接続する第2導電型の第2ウェル領域43とを有し、第2ウェル領域43の第2導電型の不純物濃度の最大値は、ゲート電極50とドレイン電極77との間において半導体層の表面よりも深い位置に存在する。
【選択図】図32
Description
<A−1.構成>
図1は、本実施の形態1に係る炭化珪素半導体装置、具体的には、セル構造からなるMOS構造を備えたスイッチング素子を有する炭化珪素MOSFETの上面構成を模式的に示す上面図である。
次に、図6〜図15に示す模式的な縦断面図を参照して、本実施の形態1に係る炭化珪素半導体装置、具体的には炭化珪素MOSFETの製造方法について記載する。なお、図6〜15に示す縦断面図は、素子終端部を含まない、ユニットセルが多数配列された任意の位置で、例えば図3のC−C’の位置の縦断面図を示したものである。
次に、本実施の形態により作製される炭化珪素半導体装置の動作と、第2ウェル領域43の平面配置について記載する。
本発明にかかる実施の形態1によれば、半導体装置において、第1導電型の半導体基板20と、半導体基板20表面上に形成された、第1導電型のドリフト層21と、ドリフト層21表面に選択的に複数形成された、第2導電型の第1ウェル領域41と、各第1ウェル領域41表面に選択的に形成された領域であって、当該領域とドリフト層21とで挟まれた各第1ウェル領域41表面をチャネル領域として規定する第1導電型のソース領域80と、チャネル領域上からドリフト層21上に渡って、絶縁膜であるゲート絶縁膜30を介して形成されたゲート電極50と、ゲート電極50下のドリフト層21内部において埋没しかつ、互いに隣り合う各第1ウェル領域41のそれぞれと接続して形成され、平面視で複数の第1ウェル領域41間の領域の一部を覆う複数の第2導電型の第2ウェル領域43と、ソース領域80と接続されるとともに、第1および第2ウェル領域41、43のうち第1ウェル領域41とのみ直接接続されて形成されたソース電極と、半導体基板20裏面に形成されたドレイン電極77とを備えることで、チャネル領域とならない位置に第2ウェル領域43を形成し、チャネル幅の減少によるチャネル抵抗、JFET抵抗の増加を招かずに帰還容量を低減し、半導体装置のオン損失、スイッチング損失を低減することが可能となる。
<B−1.構成>
図33〜35は、本実施の形態2に係る炭化珪素半導体装置、具体的には炭化珪素MOSFETのユニットセルを示す図であり、図36〜40は、本実施の形態2に係る炭化珪素半導体装置、具体的には炭化珪素MOSFETのユニットセルと第2ウェル領域43の平面配置を示す図(基板表面への投影図)である。
このような第1ウェル領域41及びソース領域80を形成することで、ユニットセル内におけるチャネル長が均一化される。従来の例えば図16に示す正方形のユニットセルの角部においては、角部以外の場所に比べて第1ウェル領域41とソース領域80の間隙が最大で1.41倍長くなっており、この部分でのチャネル抵抗が高くなっていた。さらには、角の頂点近傍では、角を形成する二辺(二方向)からの距離が最短となって電流集中が発生していた。すなわち、角部においてはオン電流の分布が不均一であり、素子信頼性の観点からは問題であった。本実施の形態によるユニットセル構造においては、チャネル長がユニットセル内の至る所で一定であるために、過度の電流集中が発生せず、素子の信頼性を向上する効果を奏する。
本発明にかかる実施の形態2によれば、半導体装置において、第1ウェル領域41とソース領域80との間隙がドリフト層21表面の至るところで同一であるので、オン動作時におけるチャネル領域のオン電流分布が均一化され、素子の信頼性が向上する。
<C−1.構成>
図41〜43は、本実施の形態3に係る炭化珪素半導体装置、具体的には炭化珪素MOSFETのユニットセルの平面配置を示す図(基板表面への投影図)である。
このような第3ウェル領域44を形成することで、帰還容量の更なる低減によるスイッチング損失の低減が図られる。また、ボディーダイオードの接合面積がさらに増加することで、順方向電流の増加がはかられる。
本発明にかかる実施の形態3によれば、半導体装置において、第2ウェル領域43を複数備え、複数の第1ウェル領域41間のドリフト層21内部に埋没しかつ、互いに隣り合う各第2ウェル領域43のそれぞれと接続して形成された、第2導電型の第3ウェル領域44をさらに備えることで、帰還容量とスイッチング損失の低減が可能となり、またボディーダイオードのオン電流を大きくできる。
<D−1.構成>
図50は、本実施の形態4に係る炭化珪素半導体装置、具体的には炭化珪素MOSFETのユニットセルの断面構造を示す図である。
第2ウェル領域43の形成と同じマスクを用いた自己整合的な手法によって電流広がり層83を設けることによって、オン動作時にJFET領域を抜けた電流が低抵抗な電流広がり層83の存在する横方向へ広がりやすくなるため、JFET広がり抵抗を低減することができる。特に、電流広がり層83を第1導電型の不純物の注入によって形成することにより、注入時の横方向広がりの効果によって、同じ注入マスクを用いていても第2ウェル領域43よりもより横方向に広がった領域を作製できるため、JFET抵抗の低減効果はより顕著になる。
本発明にかかる実施の形態4によれば、半導体装置において、第2ウェル領域43および/または第3ウェル領域44の下方に形成された、ドリフト層21の不純物濃度よりも高い不純物濃度を有する第1導電型の第1不純物領域である電流広がり層83をさらに備えることで、JFET領域の広がり抵抗を低減できる。
Claims (14)
- 第1導電型の半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の表面に形成された半導体層と、
前記半導体基板の裏面に形成されたドレイン電極と、
前記半導体層上に形成されたソース電極と、
前記半導体層内にチャネルを形成するゲート電極とを備え、
前記半導体層は、
前記半導体基板上に形成された第1導電型領域と、
前記第1導電型領域上に形成され、絶縁膜を介して前記ゲート電極と対向する複数の第2導電型の第1ウェル領域と、
前記半導体層内において前記ゲート電極と前記ドレイン電極との間に配置され、隣り合う前記第1ウェル領域のそれぞれと接続する第2導電型の第2ウェル領域とを有し、
前記第2ウェル領域の第2導電型の不純物濃度の最大値は、前記ゲート電極と前記ドレイン電極との間において前記半導体層の表面よりも深い位置に存在する、
半導体装置。 - 前記最大値は、前記半導体層の表面からの深さが0.3μm〜1.0μmの間に位置することを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記最大値は、前記第2ウェル領域の表面よりも深い位置にあることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記最大値は、前記半導体層の表面からの深さが0.7μmまでの場所に位置することを特徴とする、
請求項3に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2ウェル領域の第2導電型の不純物濃度は、1×1015cm−3〜1×1021cm−3の範囲内であることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2ウェル領域の第2導電型の不純物濃度は、1×1016cm−3〜1×1019cm−3の範囲内であることを特徴とする、
請求項5に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2ウェル領域上には第1導電型の領域が存在することを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2ウェル領域は、前記第1ウェル領域よりも深く形成されることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2ウェル領域は、前記第1ウェル領域の下方と接続することを特徴とする、
請求項8に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1ウェル領域と前記第2ウェル領域とは、前記半導体層の表面からの深さ方向の第2不純物濃度分布が異なることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1導電型領域上において、前記第1導電型領域よりも第1導電型の不純物濃度が高い高濃度領域を備えたことを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記高濃度領域の第1導電型の不純物濃度は、1×1016cm−3〜1×1018cm−3の範囲内であることを特徴とする、
請求項11に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記高濃度領域は、前記第1ウェル領域の深さよりも深く形成されていることを特徴とする、
請求項11に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板は、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体からなることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
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