JP2013545228A - シェル内に束縛された高容量多孔性活物質を含有する複合構造体 - Google Patents
シェル内に束縛された高容量多孔性活物質を含有する複合構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013545228A JP2013545228A JP2013535103A JP2013535103A JP2013545228A JP 2013545228 A JP2013545228 A JP 2013545228A JP 2013535103 A JP2013535103 A JP 2013535103A JP 2013535103 A JP2013535103 A JP 2013535103A JP 2013545228 A JP2013545228 A JP 2013545228A
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CXULZQWIHKYPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Co++].[Ni++] CXULZQWIHKYPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC([O-])=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHJKOAVUGHSNBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C CHJKOAVUGHSNBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005704 oxymethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])O[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000575 polymersome Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008113 selfheal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012686 silicon precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;azanide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[NH2-] BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】構造体は、これら多孔性基板構造体を封入するシェルも含む。活物質のリチウム化の間、シェルは多孔性基板構造体を機械的に束縛する。シェルは、リチウムイオンを通過させながら、封入された活物質と電解質溶媒が相互作用するのを妨げる。特定の実施形態において、シェルは炭素を含有し、多孔性基板構造体はシリコンを含有する。シリコンはリチウム化の間、膨張しやすいが、基板構造体の多孔率および/またはシェル内の空隙空間により、複合構造体の破壊、または全体サイズの実質的な増加を引き起こすことなく、シェル内の体積の増加が許容される。
【選択図】図1
Description
本願は、2010年10月22日に提出され、タイトルが「COMPOSITE STRUCTURES CONTAINING HIGH CAPACITY POROUS ACTIVE MATERIALS CONSTRAINED IN SHELLS」である米国特許仮出願第61/406,049号(代理人整理番号AMPRP018P)の、米国特許法第119条(e)の定めに基づく便益を主張する。当該仮特許出願は、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
Claims (36)
- リチウムイオン電池の電極で用いる電極物質複合構造体であり、
高容量活物質を有する多孔性基板構造体と、
前記多孔性基板構造体を封入するシェルであり、前記多孔性基板構造体を機械的に束縛し、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化および脱リチウム化の間にリチウムイオンを通過させながら、前記シェル内に封入された前記高容量活物質と1以上の電解質溶媒が相互作用するのを実質的に妨げる前記シェルと
を備え、
前記多孔性基板構造体の多孔率は、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化の間に低下し、前記高容量活物質の脱リチウム化の間に上昇する、電極物質複合構造体。 - 負極物質である、請求項1に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記高容量活物質は、結晶シリコン、アモルファスシリコン、酸化シリコン、酸窒化シリコン、スズ含有物質、硫黄含有物質、およびゲルマニウム含有物質からなる群より選択される1以上の物質を含む、請求項1または2に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記シェルは、炭素、窒化リン酸リチウム(LiPON)、酸化チタン、酸化シリコン、酸化アルミニウム、スズ、銅、スズ合金、および銅合金からなる群より選択される1以上の物質を含有する、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体は、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化および脱リチウム化の間、常に一定以上の多孔率を維持する、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体は、前記高容量活物質がリチウム化理論容量のおよそ75%以上までリチウム化される際、およそ10%以上の多孔性を有する、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記シェルは、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化および脱リチウム化の間、実質的に全く塑性変形しない、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 追加の多孔性基板構造体をさらに備え、
前記シェルは、2以上の多孔性基板構造体を封入する、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。 - 前記2以上の多孔性基板構造体は、前記電極物質複合構造体内で互いに接触する、請求項8に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記シェルは、前記多孔性基板構造体および前記追加の多孔性基板構造体を電気接続する、請求項8または9に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記電極物質複合構造体は、およそ50ナノメートルから30マイクロメートルの平均主要寸法を有する、請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記シェルは、およそ1から100ナノメートルの平均厚さを有する、請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体と前記シェルとの間に位置する中間層をさらに備える、請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記高容量活物質は、シリコンを含み、
前記シェルは炭素を含む、請求項1から13のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。 - 前記シェルは、前記多孔性基板構造体内に存在しない物質を1以上含む、請求項1から14のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 前記シェルに対する前記多孔性基板構造体の体積比は、およそ10以上である、請求項1から15のいずれか1項に記載の電極物質複合構造体。
- 電気化学活性複合構造体と、
導電性基板を
を備え、
前記電気化学活性複合構造体は、
高容量活物質を有する多孔性基板構造体と、
前記多孔性基板構造体を封入するシェルであり、前記多孔性基板構造体を機械的に束縛し、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化および脱リチウム化の間にリチウムイオンを通過させながら、前記シェル内に封入された前記高容量活物質と1以上の電解質溶媒が相互作用するのを実質的に妨げる前記シェルと
を有し、
前記多孔性基板構造体の多孔率は、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化の間に低下し、前記高容量活物質の脱リチウム化の間に上昇し、
前記導電性基板は、前記電気化学活性複合構造体を支持し、かつ、前記電気化学活性複合構造体の前記多孔性基板構造体の前記高容量活物質との間の電子の移動を可能とする、電極。 - 前記導電性基板上で前記電気化学活性複合構造体を支持するバインダー物質をさらに備える、請求項17に記載の電極。
- 前記シェルは、前記電気化学活性複合構造体を前記導電性基板へ取り付ける、請求項17または18に記載の電極。
- 前記シェルは、前記導電性基板の表面上に形成されるシェル物質の層と一体構造を形成する、請求項19に記載の電極。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体は、前記導電性基板と直接接触する、請求項17から20のいずれか1項に記載の電極。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体は、前記導電性基板上に埋め込み形成された基板である、請求項21に記載の電極。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体は、前記導電性基板上に埋め込み成長させられる、請求項22に記載の電極。
- 電気化学活性複合構造体を有する負極と、
正極と、
前記負極と前記正極との間のイオンの移動を可能とし、リチウムイオンを有する電解質と
を備え、
前記電気化学活性複合構造体は、
高容量活物質を有する多孔性基板構造体と、
前記多孔性基板構造体を封入するシェルであり、前記多孔性基板構造体を機械的に束縛し、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化および脱リチウム化の間に前記リチウムイオンを通過させながら、前記シェル内に封入された前記高容量活物質と1以上の電解質溶媒が相互作用するのを実質的に妨げる前記シェルと
を有し、
前記多孔性基板構造体の多孔率は、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化の間に低下し、前記高容量活物質の脱リチウム化の間に上昇する、リチウムイオン電池。 - 前記1以上の電解質溶媒は、炭酸塩、亜硝酸塩、エステル、アミド、およびリン酸塩からなる群より選択され、
前記シェルは、前記1以上の電解質溶媒に対し実質的に不浸透性である、請求項24に記載のリチウムイオン電池。 - 前記シェルは、前記シェルの外面上にSEI層を形成し、
前記シェルの前記外面は、前記シェルによって、前記多孔性基板構造体から隔てられる、請求項24または25に記載のリチウムイオン電池。 - リチウムイオン電池で用いる電極の製造方法であり、
高容量活物質を有する多孔性基板構造体を設ける段階と、
前記多孔性基板構造体の前記高容量活物質を封入する1以上のシェルであり、前記多孔性基板構造体を機械的に束縛し、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化および脱リチウム化の間にリチウムイオンを通過させながら、前記1以上のシェル内に封入された前記高容量活物質と1以上の電解質溶媒が相互作用するのを実質的に妨げる前記1以上のシェルを前記多孔性基板構造体上に形成する段階と
を備え、
前記多孔性基板構造体の多孔率は、前記高容量活物質のリチウム化の間に低下し、前記高容量活物質の脱リチウム化の間に上昇する、方法。 - 前記1以上のシェルに封入される前記多孔性基板構造体をバインダー内に混合させ、スラリーを形成する段階と、
前記スラリーを導電性基板上にコーティングする段階と
をさらに備える、請求項27に記載の方法。 - 前記1以上のシェルを形成する段階は、前記多孔性基板構造体を導電性基板へ取り付ける段階を含む、請求項27または28に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体は、導電性基板上に設けられる、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記1以上のシェルの一部は、前記導電性基板上の層を形成する、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体を設ける段階の前に、ヒュームドシリカをおよそ700℃未満で還元することにより前記多孔性基板構造体を形成する段階をさらに備える、請求項27から31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体を設ける段階の前に、シリコン構造体をエッチングすることにより前記多孔性基板構造体を形成する段階をさらに備える、請求項27から32のいずれか1項に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 前記多孔性基板構造体を設ける段階の前に、冶金級シリコンから前記多孔性基板構造体を形成する段階をさらに備える、請求項27から33のいずれか1項に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 前記1以上のシェルを形成する段階は、前記多孔性基板構造体上で炭素含有物質の化学蒸着を行う段階を含む、請求項27から34のいずれか1項に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 前記1以上のシェルを形成する段階は、ポリマー前駆体の炭化を行う段階を含む、請求項27から35のいずれか1項に記載の電極の製造方法。
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JP6185841B2 (ja) | 2017-08-23 |
KR101858282B1 (ko) | 2018-05-15 |
JP2018026342A (ja) | 2018-02-15 |
US20160064725A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
JP6552122B2 (ja) | 2019-07-31 |
US9698410B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
WO2012054766A2 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
CN103238238A (zh) | 2013-08-07 |
TWI574448B (zh) | 2017-03-11 |
WO2012054766A3 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
KR20180054889A (ko) | 2018-05-24 |
KR20140001905A (ko) | 2014-01-07 |
CN103238238B (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
EP2630684A2 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
US9209456B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 |
KR102096193B1 (ko) | 2020-04-02 |
US20170338464A1 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
TW201225389A (en) | 2012-06-16 |
US20120100438A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
EP2630684A4 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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