JP2003520046A5 - - Google Patents

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JP2003520046A5
JP2003520046A5 JP2001553374A JP2001553374A JP2003520046A5 JP 2003520046 A5 JP2003520046 A5 JP 2003520046A5 JP 2001553374 A JP2001553374 A JP 2001553374A JP 2001553374 A JP2001553374 A JP 2001553374A JP 2003520046 A5 JP2003520046 A5 JP 2003520046A5
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lipid
acid
microorganism
process according
mixture
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Claims (40)

  1. 微生物から脂質を得るプロセスであって、
    (a)細胞内脂質を放出させるために、発酵培地で生育させた微生物の細胞を処理する工程と、
    (b)放出された細胞内脂質を、同脂質を得るために有機溶媒で抽出することなく有機溶媒の含量が約5%未満の媒質中で実施される、水相を含む重い層と前記脂質を含む軽い層から成る相分離混合物を生成する手順に供する工程と、
    (c)前記軽い層から前記重い層を分離する工程と、
    (d)前記軽い層から前記脂質を得る工程と、から成るプロセス。
  2. 工程(a)の前に、前記発酵培地中に存在する任意のタンパク質の少なくとも一部を可溶化する工程をさらに含む請求項1に記載のプロセス。
  3. タンパク質を可溶化する前記工程は前記発酵培地を塩基と接触させることを含む、請求項2に記載のプロセス。
  4. 前記処理工程は、前記細胞を溶解して、溶解した細胞混合物を生成することを含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
  5. 相分離混合物の生成は溶解した細胞混合物を遠心することを含む、請求項4に記載のプロセス。
  6. 前記処理工程は、細胞の加熱、塩基性化合物への細胞の曝露、キレート化合物への細胞の曝露、またはそれらの組合せから成る群より選択される処理を含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
  7. 前記処理工程は発酵培養液に塩基を加えることを含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
  8. 前記塩基は水酸化物、炭酸塩、重炭酸塩、リン酸塩およびそれ
    らの混合物から成る群より選択される、請求項7に記載のプロセス。
  9. 前記処理工程は前記微生物を少なくとも約50℃の温度に加熱することを含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
  10. 前記処理工程は、前記細胞を、塩基性化合物、キレート化合物、またはそれらの混合物に暴露する前か、最中か、後に、細胞を少なくとも50℃に加熱することから成る、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
  11. 前記処理工程は、前記細胞を乾燥させずに実施して細胞内脂質を放出させる、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  12. 前記分離工程は、
    (i)前記軽い層に水性洗浄溶液を加えるステップと、
    (ii)前記軽い層から前記水性洗浄溶液を分離するステップと、
    (iii)前記脂質が実質的に乳化されていないようになるまで、前記ステップ(i)および(ii)を繰り返すステップとからさらに成る、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  13. 前記処理工程、相分離混合物を生成する手順に供する工程、および分離工程が、前記脂質を得るために少なくとも3回繰り返される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  14. 前記軽い層は乳化された脂質を含む、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  15. 前記乳化された脂質は、水相中の前記脂質の懸濁物を含む、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
  16. 前記水相は固形細胞材料を含む、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  17. 相分離混合物を生成する手順に供する前記工程は、放出された細胞内脂質を含む媒質を比重選別法に供して水相を含む重い層と前記脂質を含む軽い層から成る相分離混合物を生成することから成る、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
  18. 前記比重選別法は、放出された細胞内脂質を含む発酵培地を、積層ディスク型、セパレータ型、またはデカンター型遠心分離機に通過させることから成る、請求項17に記載のプロセス。
  19. 前記比重選別法は遠心から成る、請求項17に記載のプロセス。
  20. (a)発酵培地中で微生物を生育する工程と、
    (b)細胞内脂質を放出させるために、前記微生物の細胞を、
    (i)前記発酵培地中に存在する任意のタンパク質の少なくとも一部分を溶かすために同発酵培地を塩基と接触させることと、
    (ii)前記発酵培地の温度を少なくとも約50℃に上昇させて、前記微生物の細胞を溶解し、溶解した細胞混合物を生産することと、
    により処理する工程と、
    (c)放出された細胞内脂質を、同脂質を得るために有機溶媒により抽出することなく有機溶媒の含量が約5%未満の媒質中で実施され、前記溶解した細胞混合物から異なる密度の物質を分離することから成る、水相を含む重い層と前記脂質を含む軽い層から成る相分離混合物を生成する手順に供する工程と、
    (d)前記軽い層から前記重い層を分離する工程と、
    (e)前記軽い層に水性洗浄溶液を加える工程と、
    (f)工程(e)の前記混合物から異なる密度の物質を分離する工程と、
    (g)前記相分離混合物から前記重い層を除去する工程と、
    (h)前記脂質が実質的に乳化されていないようになるまで前記工程(e)〜(g)を繰り返す工程と、から成る請求項1に記載のプロセス。
  21. (a)発酵培地中で微生物を生育する工程と、
    (b)細胞内脂質を放出させるために、前記発酵培地および前記微生物の細胞を処理する工程と、
    (c)放出された細胞内脂質を含む前記発酵培地を比重選別法に供して水相を含む重い層と前記脂質を含む軽い層から成る相分離混合物を生成する工程と、
    (d)前記重い層から前記軽い層を分離する工程と、
    (e)前記軽い層を処理して、前記脂質と水との間に形成されたエマルジョンを破壊することと、粗脂質を回収することとにより前記軽い層から脂質を得る工程と、から成る請求項1に記載のプロセス。
  22. 前記処理工程は、前記細胞を乾燥させずに実施して細胞内脂質を放出させる、請求項21に記載のプロセス。
  23. 前記エマルジョンを破壊する処理は、エマルジョンを、水、アルコール、またはアセトンと混合し、かつ、該混合物を比重選別法に供することから成る、請求項21に記載のプロセス。
  24. 精製された脂質を得るために、前記脂質をさらに精製または処理に供する、請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  25. 前記脂質は脱色および脱臭される、請求項1〜24のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  26. 前記微生物は発酵プロセスから得られる、請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  27. 前記微生物は約12g/L未満の塩化ナトリウムの塩分レベルで生育できる、請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  28. 前記微生物が脂質に富んだ微生物である、請求項1〜27のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  29. 前記微生物は少なくとも約20重量%の脂質を含む、請求項1〜28のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  30. 前記微生物は藻類、真菌類、細菌類および原生生物から成る群より選択される、請求項1〜29のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  31. 前記微生物は、黄金色藻、緑藻、渦鞭毛虫、酵母、モルティエラ(Mortierella )属の真菌類、およびストラメノパイルから成る群より選択される微生物から成る、請求項1〜30のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  32. 前記微生物はヤブレツボカビ(Thraustochytriales)目の微生物から成る、請求項1〜31のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  33. 前記微生物は、ヤブレツボカビ(Thraustochytrium)属、シゾチトリウム(Schizochytrium)属およびそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1〜32のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  34. 前記微生物は、ATCC番号20888、ATCC番号20889、ATCC番号20890、ATCC番号20891およびATCC番号20892の識別特性を有する微生物、モルティエラ シュムッケリ(Mortierella schmuckerii )株、クリプテコディニウム コニ(Crypthecodinium cohnii)株、上述の任意のものに由来する突然変異株、ならびにそれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  35. 前記微生物は、コレステロール、フィトステロール、デスモステロール、トコトリエノール、トコフェロール、ユビキノン、β−カロチン等のカロテノイドおよびキサントフィル、ルテイン、リコピン、アスタキサンチン、ゼアキサンチン、カンタキサンチン、および共役リノール酸のような脂肪酸、ならびにエイコサペンタエン酸、ドコサペンタエン酸、ドコサヘキサエン酸、アラキドン酸、ステアリドン酸、ジホモガンマリノレン酸およびγ−リノレン酸のようなω−3およびω−6高度不飽和脂肪酸、またはそれらの混合物を少なくとも約0.1g/L/h生産することができる、請求項1〜34のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  36. 前記脂質の少なくとも約20%は、コレステロール、フィトステロール、デスモステロール、トコトリエノール、トコフェロール、ユビキノン、β−カロチン等のカロテノイドおよびキサントフィル、ルテイン、リコピン、アスタキサンチン、ゼアキサンチン、カンタキサンチン、および共役リノール酸のような脂肪酸、ならびにエイコサペンタエン酸、ドコサペンタエン酸、ドコサヘキサエン酸、アラキドン酸、ステアリドン酸、ジホモガンマリノレン酸およびγ−リノレン酸のようなω−3およびω−6高度不飽和脂肪酸、またはそれらの混合物である、請求項1〜35のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
  37. 請求項1〜36のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって作られた脂質。
  38. 0.2ppm未満の残留無極性有機溶媒を含有し、微生物由来の、請
    求項1〜36のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって作られた脂質。
  39. 0.2ppm未満の残留無極性有機溶媒を含有し、15%を超えるコレステロール、フィトステロール、デスモステロール、トコトリエノール、トコフェロール、ユビキノン、β−カロチン等のカロテノイドおよびキサントフィル、ルテイン、リコピン、アスタキサンチン、ゼアキサンチン、カンタキサンチン、および共役リノール酸のような脂肪酸、ならびにエイコサペンタエン酸、ドコサペンタエン酸、ドコサヘキサエン酸、アラキドン酸、ステアリドン酸、ジホモガンマリノレン酸およびγ−リノレン酸のようなω−3およびω−6高度不飽和脂肪酸、またはそれらの混合物を有する、請求項1〜36のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって作られた脂質。
  40. 15%を超えるドコサヘキサエン酸と0.2ppm未満の無極性有機溶媒を含有する、請求項1〜36のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって作られた脂質。
JP2001553374A 2000-01-19 2001-01-19 無溶媒抽出プロセス Expired - Lifetime JP4020642B2 (ja)

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US17712500P 2000-01-19 2000-01-19
US60/177,125 2000-01-19
PCT/US2001/001806 WO2001053512A1 (en) 2000-01-19 2001-01-19 Solventless extraction process

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JP2009280337A Expired - Lifetime JP5722536B2 (ja) 2000-01-19 2009-12-10 無溶媒抽出プロセス
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JP2013038133A Expired - Lifetime JP5756137B2 (ja) 2000-01-19 2013-02-28 無溶媒抽出プロセス
JP2015028334A Pending JP2015133969A (ja) 2000-01-19 2015-02-17 無溶媒抽出プロセス

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US (8) US6750048B2 (ja)
EP (4) EP2295595B1 (ja)
JP (5) JP4020642B2 (ja)
KR (8) KR20140079870A (ja)
CN (1) CN100460513C (ja)
AT (1) ATE485385T1 (ja)
AU (7) AU780619B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR0107699B1 (ja)
CA (2) CA2397655C (ja)
CZ (1) CZ303446B6 (ja)
DE (1) DE60143287D1 (ja)
DK (1) DK1252324T3 (ja)
ES (3) ES2675517T3 (ja)
HK (1) HK1050716A1 (ja)
HU (1) HUP0300556A3 (ja)
IL (5) IL150772A0 (ja)
MX (4) MX232239B (ja)
NO (2) NO20023449L (ja)
NZ (1) NZ520287A (ja)
PL (1) PL356587A1 (ja)
PT (1) PT1252324E (ja)
RU (1) RU2336307C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2001053512A1 (ja)
ZA (1) ZA200205790B (ja)

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