EP2338373B1 - Dekorationsartikel mit weißer Beschichtung und Herstellungsverfahren dafür - Google Patents

Dekorationsartikel mit weißer Beschichtung und Herstellungsverfahren dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2338373B1
EP2338373B1 EP10010685.5A EP10010685A EP2338373B1 EP 2338373 B1 EP2338373 B1 EP 2338373B1 EP 10010685 A EP10010685 A EP 10010685A EP 2338373 B1 EP2338373 B1 EP 2338373B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plating
layer
ornament
film
copper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP10010685.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2338373A2 (de
EP2338373A3 (de
Inventor
Yukio Miya
Koichi Naoi
Fumio Tase
Yukio Tanokura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Citizen Holdings Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Citizen Holdings Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Citizen Holdings Co Ltd filed Critical Citizen Holdings Co Ltd
Publication of EP2338373A2 publication Critical patent/EP2338373A2/de
Publication of EP2338373A3 publication Critical patent/EP2338373A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2338373B1 publication Critical patent/EP2338373B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C27/00—Making jewellery or other personal adornments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C27/00—Making jewellery or other personal adornments
    • A44C27/001—Materials for manufacturing jewellery
    • A44C27/005—Coating layers for jewellery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C27/00—Making jewellery or other personal adornments
    • A44C27/001—Materials for manufacturing jewellery
    • A44C27/005—Coating layers for jewellery
    • A44C27/006—Metallic coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/0015—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterized by the colour of the layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C14/024—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/341—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one carbide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/343—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one DLC or an amorphous carbon based layer, the layer being doped or not
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/347—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with layers adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/36—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including layers graded in composition or physical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/48—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of gold
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
    • C25D3/62—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of gold
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/22—Materials or processes of manufacturing pocket watch or wrist watch cases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49588—Jewelry or locket making
    • Y10T29/4959—Human adornment device making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T29/49588—Jewelry or locket making
    • Y10T29/49597—Ornamental stock making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12576—Boride, carbide or nitride component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12875—Platinum group metal-base component
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    • Y10T428/12896—Ag-base component
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    • Y10T428/12993—Surface feature [e.g., rough, mirror]
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    • Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
    • Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a personal ornament (accessories) having a white coating film, and a process for producing the personal ornament. More specifically, the present invention relates to a personal ornament having a hard white stainless-steel-colored coating film, and a process for producing the personal ornament; and relates also to a personal ornament having a hard white platinum-colored or platinum-alloy-colored coating film, and a process for producing the personal ornament. (Hereinafter the "personal ornament” is simply referred to as an "ornament".)
  • JP-A-06272019 discloses white colour plated personal ornaments, obtained by forming a white colour metal layer, a white rigid compound layer and a Pt or Pt alloy surface layer on the surface of a personal ornament made of metallic base stock by dry plating.
  • a personal ornament made from a copper or alloy, which is less corrosion-resistant as the base material is usually covered with a plating film formed by wet plating to protect the base material from corrosion.
  • This plating film is usually constituted of an underlying nickel plating film formed by wet plating and an outermost plating film formed thereon by wet plating.
  • a gold plating film is formed on the nickel plating film surface by wet plating.
  • a palladium plating film, a palladium alloy plating film, or a rhodium plating film is formed on the nickel plating film by wet plating.
  • the plating film is generally formed in a thickness in the range of 1-5 ⁇ m.
  • the aforementioned ornaments have disadvantage of high cost owing to the noble metal-containing outermost plating film for corrosion resistance. Therefore, low-priced personal ornaments naturally have a thin outermost plating film, lacking in long-term corrosion resistance. Moreover, in the production of the low-priced ornaments, the noble metal plating bath should be strictly controlled and maintained in order to obtain steadily a thin outermost plating film, and the workers for the plating operation should have high skill in order to obtain steadily the outermost plating film of the desired color tone. Furthermore, an inexpensive personal ornament having a characteristic white color of the stainless steel, or an inexpensive personal ornament having a characteristic beautiful white color of a platinum or platinum alloy has not yet been produced at a low cost.
  • JP-A herein means "an unexamined Japanese Patent Publication”
  • a white ornament comprising a base material coated on the surface with a white hard film and further coated thereon with a platinum or platinum alloy coating film.
  • the ornament does not have the characteristic white color demanded in the market although it gives high-quality image.
  • An ornament having a white coating and a process for producing the ornament are disclosed in the specification in international laid-open publication of WO-02/00958 of international patent application ( PCT/JP01/05130 ) based on priority by Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-192077 (filed on June 27, 2000 ), not a prior art.
  • This ornament is constituted of a less corrosion-resistant low-quality metal (including an alloy) as the base and having its surface covered with a white-colored stainless steel coating film for long-term corrosion-resistance, and is low-priced.
  • the disclosed ornament has a metal base article which is covered with a white-colored stainless-steel film formed by dry plating.
  • the ornament which is constituted of a low-quality base metal like a copper alloy, is coated with a wet-plated nickel film or a dry-plated film of titanium carbide, zirconium carbide, or the like as an underlying layer and further coated with a stainless steel film as the surface layer.
  • an ornament which has high-quality image like stainless steel coating film, not deteriorating readily in the external appearance by scratching or other causes, and does not cause metal allergy.
  • the process for producing such an ornament is also given.
  • a TiN coating film is formed as the white hard film in the Example.
  • the coating film is dark grey or light gold in color. Therefore, a platinum coating film or a platinum alloy coating film formed on the TiN coating film is affected by the color tone of the white hard coating film (TiN coating film), not developing a characteristic beautiful color of platinum or a platinum alloy. Further, in the case where the TiN coating film is thin, an impact or a pressure from the outside can dent the base metal, denting also the platinum or platinum-alloy coating film to form a defect, disadvantageously.
  • the article in the above Example has a platinum coating film of 0.1 ⁇ m thick, which is disadvantageous in cost.
  • the platinum or platinum alloy coating film is removed and newly formed again.
  • This film removal is conducted by use of aqua regia.
  • the aqua regia will corrode not only the white hard TiN coating film but also the metal base surface, which makes impossible the film reformation, disadvantageously.
  • an ornament which has a characteristic color of platinum or a platinum alloy coating film, and superior quality , not deteriorating readily in the external appearance by denting, scratching or other causes, and having a white coating film of high quality with a lower cost.
  • a process for producing the ornament is also given which enables removal of the platinum or platinum alloy coating film without corrosion of the ornament base, the underlying layer or the titanium carbide layer, and enables regeneration of the ornament by reforming the platinum or platinum alloy coating layer.
  • the present invention intends to solve the above problems and intends to provide a personal ornament which gives superior quality, does not readily deteriorate in the external appearance by scratching or other causes, and has a white coating film having high-quality image like a stainless steel film, especially does not cause metal allergy, and also to provide a process for producing such an ornament.
  • the present invention intends to solve the above problems and intends to provide a personal ornament which gives a characteristic color of platinum or a platinum alloy, superior quality , does not readily deteriorate in the external appearance by scratching or other causes, and has a white coating film of high quality at a lower cost, and intends also to provide a process for producing the ornament. Still further, the present invention intends to provide a personal ornament which enables removal of the defective platinum or platinum alloy coating film without corrosion of the ornament article base, the underlayer or the titanium carbide layer to regenerate the ornament by reforming the platinum or platinum alloy coating film, and intends also to provide a process for producing the same.
  • the first personal ornament which is not subject of the present invention, has as an outermost layer a white coating film composed of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy formed by dry plating.
  • This ornament comprises an ornament base article made of a metal or a ceramic, an underlayer formed on the base article, and a coloring layer comprising an abrasion-resistant layer formed by dry-plating on the surface of the underlayer and an outermost layer formed by dry-plating on the surface of the abrasion-resistant layer; the coloring layer being a white hard coating film of a stainless-steel color and being comprised of the abrasion-resistant layer of a thickness of 0.2-1.5 ⁇ m and the outermost layer of a thickness of 0.002-0.1 ⁇ m.
  • the coating film has a thickness of 0.002-0.01 ⁇ m.
  • the underlayer is preferably a non-nickelic layer formed by dry-plating or wet-plating for prevention of nickel allergy.
  • the first ornament of the present invention has a mixture layer composed of a metal compound forming the abrasion-resistant layer and a metal or alloy forming the outermost layer between the abrasion-resistant layer and the outermost layer.
  • the color evaluation values of the coloring layer according to L*a*b* color space are preferably 70 ⁇ L* ⁇ 91, -0.1 ⁇ a* ⁇ 3.0, and 1.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5, more preferably 75 ⁇ L* ⁇ 85, 0 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.0, and 3.5 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.0.
  • the first ornament of the present invention may have at least one coating film, formed by dry-plating or wet-plating, having a color different from the color of the white coating film of the coloring layer on a part of the white coating film surface having a stainless steel color of the aforementioned coloring layer.
  • the coating film having a color different from the color of the coloring layer (hereinafter occasionally referred to as a "differential coloring film”) is preferably composed of gold, a gold alloy, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, hafnium nitride, or diamond-like carbon (DLC).
  • the differential coloring film having a color different from the color of the coloring layer may have a two-layer structure which is constituted of a lower layer composed of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, or hafnium nitride and an upper layer composed of gold or a gold alloy.
  • the gold alloy used for formation of the differential coloring film having a color different from the coloring layer is preferably non-nickelic for prevention of nickel allergy.
  • this ornament may have a titanium coating film and a silicon coating film formed on the titanium coating film, between the coloring layer and the differential coloring diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating film.
  • DLC differential coloring diamond-like carbon
  • the first ornament of the present invention may have the outermost layer which is a mixture layer composed of a mixture of metal compound of the aforementioned abrasion-resistant layer and at least one material selected from the group consisting of platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh), and alloys thereof.
  • the first ornament of the present invention has a surface hardness (HV; Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds) in the range of usually 700-2000, preferably 1000-2000.
  • HV surface hardness
  • the first ornament of the present invention may be used for watch exterior parts such as watchcases, watchbands, watch crowns, and watch case back covers.
  • the process for producing the first personal ornament of the present invention having as an outermost layer a white coating film composed of a noble metal or noble metal alloy formed by dry-plating comprises steps of producing an ornament base article from a metal or a ceramic by a working means, forming an underlayer by dry-plating or wet-plating on the surface of the base article, and forming a coloring layer having a stainless-steel color by firstly forming an abrasion-resistant layer from a metal compound on the underlayer by dry-plating and then forming an outermost layer from platinum or a platinum alloy by dry-plating on the abrasion resistant layer.
  • the underlayer is preferably a non-nickelic film formed by dry-plating or wet-plating in view of prevention of nickel allergy.
  • the metal material useful for the ornament base article is normally at least one metal (including an alloy) selected from stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, copper, copper alloys, and tungsten carbide.
  • the surface of the ornament base article may be finished in at least one state of a mirror surface and patterned surfaces selected from mat patterns, hair line patterns, horning patterns, stamped patterns, and etching patterns.
  • the ornament base article which is made of a ceramic material is produced by molding a mixture of 100 parts by weight of powdery stabilized zirconium containing yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), or calcium oxide (CaO) at a content of 3-7% by weight, and 20-25 parts by weight of a binder by injection molding, and further by machining roughly, degreasing, firing, grinding, and polishing.
  • the ornament base article has a white color.
  • the ornament base article which is made of a metal other than copper and copper-alloys, or made of a ceramic is preferably coated on the surface with an underlayer composed of titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), or tantalum (Ta) by dry-plating.
  • the underlayer is more preferably a metal compound coating film formed by dry-plating from a metal carbide of carbon content of 5-15 atom% such as titanium carbide, chromium carbide, zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide, vanadium carbide, niobium carbide, tungsten carbide, or tantalum carbide.
  • the metal of the metal carbide for forming the metal compound coating film as the underlayer is preferably the same as the metal of the metal carbide for forming the abrasion-resistant layer.
  • the ornament base article which is made of a metal other than copper and copper-alloys or made of a ceramic is preferably coated on the surface with the aforementioned underlayer in a thickness of 0.02-0.2 ⁇ m by dry-plating.
  • the ornament base article which is made of copper or a copper alloy is preferably coated on the surface with a nickel coating film in a thickness of 1-10 ⁇ m as the underlayer by wet-plating, and is further coated on the nickel coating film with an amorphous nickel-phosphorus alloy coating film in a thickness of 3-10 ⁇ m by wet-plating.
  • the ornament base article which is made of copper or a copper alloy is preferably coated on the surface thereof with a coating film as the underlayer composed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of copper, palladium, copper-tin alloys, copper-tin-zinc alloys, and copper-tin-palladium alloys in a thickness of 2-9 ⁇ m by wet-plating.
  • the abrasion-resistant layer is preferably a metal compound coating film composed of titanium carbide (TiC), chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ), zirconium carbide (ZrC), hafnium carbide (HfC), vanadium carbide (VC), niobium carbide (NbC), tungsten carbide (WC), or tantalum carbide (TaC).
  • the thickness of the abrasion-resistant layer is in the range of usually 0.2-1.5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5-1.0 ⁇ m.
  • the outermost layer is preferably a coating film composed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh) and alloys thereof.
  • the thickness of the outermost coating layer is in the range of usually 0.002-0.1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.005-0.1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.01-0.08 ⁇ m. However, when the outermost layer is formed from a platinum coating film or a platinum alloy coating film, the thickness of the film is in the range of 0.002-0.01 ⁇ m, preferably 0.005-0.01 ⁇ m.
  • a mixture layer may be formed which is composed of a metal compound forming the abrasion-resistant layer and the metal or alloy forming the outermost layer.
  • Each of the layers of the underlayer, the abrasion-resistant layer, the mixture layer, and the outermost layer is preferably formed by at least one method of sputtering, ion plating, and arc discharging.
  • At least one differential coloring film having a color different from the color of the coloring layer may be formed by dry-plating or wet-plating.
  • the second personal ornament (accessory) according to claim 1 is subject of the present invention. It has as an outermost layer a white ornamental coating film composed of a noble metal or metal alloy formed by dry plating.
  • This ornament comprises an ornament base article of the ornament made of a metal or a ceramic, an underlayer formed on the base article, and a titanium carbide layer (abrasion-resistant layer) formed on the surface of the underlayer by dry plating, and an ornamental coating layer (outermost layer) formed on the surface of the titanium carbide layer, wherein the titanium carbide layer has a thickness of 0.5-1.0 ⁇ m, and the ornamental coating layer is a white coating film having a thickness of 0.03-0.06 ⁇ m.
  • the underlayer is preferably a non-nickelic layer formed by dry-plating or wet-plating for prevention of nickel allergy.
  • a mixture layer may be formed which is composed titanium carbide forming the titanium carbide layer and platinum or a platinum alloy forming the ornamental coating layer, in a thickness of 0.005-0.1 ⁇ m.
  • a stainless steel coating layer may be provided by dry-plating.
  • This stainless steel coating layer protects the base article, the underlayer, and the titanium carbide layer against corrosion. Therefore if the plating with the platinum or the platinum alloy is unsuccessful, the formed defective platinum or platinum-alloy coating film can be removed by use of aqua regia without corrosion of the underlying layers, and the platinum or platinum-alloy coating film can be again formed on the surface of the stainless steel coating layer to regenerate the ornament.
  • the thickness of the stainless steel coating layer is preferably in the range of 0.05-1.5 ⁇ m.
  • the stainless steel coating layer is preferably composed of an austenitic stainless steel having a composition of 0.01-0.12 vol% carbon, 0.1-1.5 vol% silicon, 1.0-2.5 vol% manganese, 8-22 vol% nickel, 15-26 vol% chromium, and balance of iron.
  • the coating film layer of the austenitic stainless steel is preferably formed by at least one method of sputtering, ion-plating, and arc discharging.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layer according to L*a*b* color space are 85 ⁇ L* ⁇ 95, 1.5 ⁇ a* ⁇ 4.0, and 4.5 ⁇ b* ⁇ 6.5, preferably 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5.
  • the underlayer, the titanium carbide layer, the mixture layer, and the ornamental coating layer are respectively formed preferably by at least one method of sputtering, ion-plating, and arc discharging.
  • the second ornament of the present invention may have, on a part of the surface of the ornamental coating layer, at least one differential coloring film having a color different from the color of the ornamental coating layer (hereinafter occasionally referred to as a "differential coloring film"), formed by dry-plating or wet-plating.
  • a differential coloring film having a color different from the color of the ornamental coating layer
  • the differential coloring film having a color different from the color of the ornamental coating layer is preferably composed of any of gold, a gold alloy, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, hafnium nitride, and a diamond-like carbon (DLC).
  • the differential coloring film having a color different from the color of the ornamental coating layer may have a two-layer structure constituted of a lower layer composed of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, or hafnium nitride and an upper layer composed of gold or a gold alloy.
  • the gold alloy used for formation of the differential coloring film having a color different from the color of the ornamental coating layer is preferably selected from non-nickelic gold alloys for prevention of nickel allergy.
  • this ornament may have a titanium coating film and a silicon coating film formed on the titanium coating film, between the ornamental coating layer and the diamond-like carbon (DLC) film, having a color different from that of the ornamental coating layer.
  • DLC diamond-like carbon
  • the ornamental coating layer may be a mixture layer composed of titanium carbide forming the titanium carbide layer and platinum or a platinum alloy.
  • the second ornament of the present invention having a white coating film has an ornamental coating layer having a surface hardness (HV; Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g) in the range of 1000-2000.
  • HV surface hardness
  • the second ornament of the present invention may be a watch exterior part such as a watchcase, a watchband, a watch crown, and a watch case back cover.
  • the process for producing the second personal ornament of the present invention having a white ornamental coating film composed of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy formed by dry-plating comprises steps of producing an ornament base article from a metal or a ceramic by a working means, forming an underlayer by dry-plating or wet-plating on the surface of the base article, forming a titanium carbide layer on the surface of the underlayer by dry-plating, and forming an ornamental coating layer composed of platinum or a platinum alloy as the outermost layer by dry-plating on the titanium carbide layer.
  • the base article of the ornament used in this production process is the same as that of the first ornament of the present invention having a white coating film.
  • the underlayer formed on the surface of the base article of the ornament is the same as that constituting the first ornament of the present invention.
  • a mixture layer may be formed which is composed of titanium carbide forming the titanium carbide layer and platinum or a platinum alloy.
  • a stainless steel coating layer may be formed by dry-plating.
  • the titanium carbide layer, and/or the mixture layer is preferably formed by dry plating by use of a methane gas.
  • At least one differential coloring film having a color different from the color of the ornamental coating layer may be formed by dry-plating or wet-plating.
  • a titanium coating film may be formed, and further thereon a silicon coating film may be formed.
  • the personal ornament having a white coating film and the process for producing the ornament of the present invention are described below in more detail.
  • the second personal ornament according to the present invention comprises an ornament base article, an underlayer preferably containing no nickel, a titanium carbide layer, and an ornamental coating layer (outermost layer).
  • a stainless-steel coating layer may further be formed by dry-plating further between the titanium carbide layer and the ornamental coating layer.
  • the base articles used for the first and the second personal ornaments each having a white coating film are made of a metal or a ceramic.
  • the aforementioned metal specifically includes stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, copper, copper alloys, and tungsten.
  • the metal may be used singly or in combination of two or more thereof.
  • the aforementioned ceramic includes specifically zirconia ceramic.
  • the useful zirconia ceramic is a stabilized zirconia containing yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 2 ) or another stabilizer (such as magnesium oxide (MgO) and calcium oxide (CaO)) at a content of 3-7 wt%, and is white in color. More specifically, this zirconia ceramic comprises zirconia and a binder as the main constituents, containing 20-25 weight parts of a binder based on 100 weight parts of the stabilized powdery zirconia containing a stabilizer like yttrium oxide at a content of 3-7 wt%. This zirconia is white in color after firing.
  • the binder is a mixture of at least two materials selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene-vinyl acetate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyacetal, wax, stearic acid, and the like.
  • a zirconia ceramic containing a stabilizer like yttrium oxide (yttoria) at a content of 3-7 wt% is selected as the zirconia ceramic, because at a stabilizer content of lower than 3 wt%, the molded zirconia ceramic has a lower impact strength (brittle) tending to be cracked by external impact, whereas at a stabilizer content higher than 7 wt%, the zirconia has also lower impact strength tending to be cracked by external impact.
  • the zirconia ceramic has a crystal structure of a cubic-monoclinic mixed system to have stable impact resistance.
  • the binder is used in an amount of 20-25 weight parts based on 100 weight parts of the powdery zirconia, because at the amount of the binder of less than 20 weight parts, the ceramic has lower injection-moldability not to fill the mold completely, whereas at the amount of more than 25 weight parts, degreasing requires longer time to lower the productivity and the molded article may be breakable.
  • the ornament base article made of a metal is prepared by machining the metal in a conventional manner.
  • the ornament base article may be surface-finished, as necessary, in an at least one state of a mirror surface and patterned surfaces selected from mat patterns, hair line patterns, horning patterns, stamped patterns, and etching patterns.
  • the ornament base article made of a ceramic is worked, for example for a watchcase as follows.
  • a base article is prepared in a shape of a watchcase by injection molding of a material composed mainly of zirconia and a binder.
  • the molded article is roughly machined.
  • the roughly machined article is degreased and fired to obtain a crude article for the watchcase. This crude article is further machined by grinding and polishing.
  • the ornament (accessories) (including parts) in the present invention includes watch exterior parts such as watchcases, watchbands, watch crowns, and watchcase back covers, as well as belt buckles, finger rings, necklaces, bracelets, earrings, pendants, brooches, cuff buttons, necktie holders, badges, medals, eyeglass frames, camera bodies, and door knobs.
  • watch exterior parts such as watchcases, watchbands, watch crowns, and watchcase back covers, as well as belt buckles, finger rings, necklaces, bracelets, earrings, pendants, brooches, cuff buttons, necktie holders, badges, medals, eyeglass frames, camera bodies, and door knobs.
  • the surface of the ornament article base is preferably washed and degreased with a conventional organic solvent or the like before the formation of the underlayer on the surface in the present invention.
  • the underlayer of the first or second ornament of the present invention is a plating film formed by wet plating or dry plating.
  • the ornament base article which is made of a metal other than copper and copper-alloys, or made of a ceramic is preferably coated on the surface with a metal underlayer composed of titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), or tantalum (Ta) by dry-plating.
  • the underlayer is more preferably a metal compound coating film formed from a metal carbide of carbon content of 5-15 atom% such as titanium carbide, chromium carbide, zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide, vanadium carbide, niobium carbide, tungsten carbide, or tantalum carbide.
  • a metal compound coating film formed from a metal carbide of carbon content of 5-15 atom% such as titanium carbide, chromium carbide, zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide, vanadium carbide, niobium carbide, tungsten carbide, or tantalum carbide.
  • the carbon atom content is gradually decreased toward the ornament base article surface.
  • a metal compound coating film is called a gradient film.
  • the metal thickness of the metal coating film and the metal compound coating film (underlayer) is preferably in the range of 0.02-0.2 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05-0.1 ⁇ m.
  • the dry-plating includes physical vapor deposition (PVD) such as sputtering, arc discharging, ion plating, and ion beam projection; and CVD. Of these, particularly preferred are sputtering, arc discharging, and ion plating.
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the underlayer is preferably constituted of a nickel coating film having a thickness of 1-10 ⁇ m, preferably 1-5 ⁇ m formed by wet-plating, and an amorphous nickel-phosphorus alloy coating film formed thereon in a thickness of 3-10 ⁇ m, preferably 3-5 ⁇ m by wet-plating.
  • the underlayer is preferably a coating film composed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of copper, palladium, copper-tin alloys, copper-tin-zinc alloys, and copper-tin-palladium alloys formed by wet-plating in a thickness of 2-9 ⁇ m, preferably 2-3 ⁇ m.
  • the coloring layer of the second ornament of the present invention comprises a titanium carbide layer (abrasion-resistant layer) and an ornamental coating layer (outermost layer); or a titanium carbide layer (abrasion-resistant layer), a stainless steel coating layer, and an ornamental coating layer (outermost layer); or titanium carbide layer (abrasion-resistant layer), a mixture layer, and an ornamental coating layer (outermost layer).
  • the dry-plating method includes, specifically, physical vapor deposition (PVD) such as sputtering, arc discharging, ion plating, and ion beam projection; and CVD. Of these, particularly preferred are sputtering, arc discharging, and ion plating.
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the aforementioned abrasion-resistant layer is a metal compound coating film formed on the underlayer surface by dry plating.
  • the metal compound coating film for the abrasion-resistant layer is a titanium carbide coating film.
  • the abrasion-resistant layer has a thickness of 0.2-1.5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5-1.0 ⁇ m.
  • the stainless steel coating layer may be provided for constituting the second ornament of the present invention. This layer is formed between the titanium carbide layer and the ornamental coating layer to enable regeneration of the ornament article.
  • a formed ornamental coating layer is found to be unsuccessful (irregularity in the formed ornamental coating layer, etc.)
  • the formed defective ornamental coating layer is removed by use of aqua regia.
  • the aqua regia not only removes the ornamental coating layer but also corrodes the titanium carbide layer, the underlayer, and the surface of the ornament base article, making impracticable the regeneration of the ornament.
  • the stainless steel coating layer is.provided to solve this problem.
  • the stainless steel coating layer protects the titanium carbide layer, the underlayer, and the surface of the ornament base article against the corrosion. Accordingly, the ornament having a defective ornamental coating layer can be regenerated by removing the defective ornamental coating layer by aqua regia and forming again the ornamental coating layer on the stainless steel coating film surface.
  • the stainless steel coating layer is formed by sputtering for dry plating in a thickness in the range of 0.05-1.5 ⁇ m.
  • the stainless steel coating layer is preferably composed of austenitic stainless steel having a composition of 0.01-0.12 vol% carbon, 0.1-1.5 vol% silicon, 1.0-2.5 vol% manganese, 8-22 vol% nickel, 15-26 vol% chromium, and balance of iron.
  • the ornamental coating layer as the outermost layer of the second ornament of the present invention is a coating film of platinum or a platinum alloy as the noble metal formed by dry plating on the surface of the titanium carbide layer (abrasion-resistant layer) having been formed by dry plating, or on the surface of a mixture layer mentioned later.
  • the ornamental coating layer of this second ornament may be the mixture layer (a mixture layer composed of titanium carbide forming the titanium carbide layer and platinum or a platinum alloy) mentioned later.
  • the thickness of the ornamental coating layer is 0.02-0.1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.03-0.06 ⁇ m.
  • the alloy for forming the outermost layer of the ornamental coating layer is preferably non-nickelic.
  • the second ornament of the present invention may have, as necessary, a mixture layer formed between the titanium carbide layer and the ornamental coating layer.
  • the mixture layer is formed by dry-plating.
  • This coating film is composed of titanium carbide forming the titanium carbide layer and platinum or a platinum alloy forming the ornamental coating layer.
  • the thickness of.this mixture layer is usually 0.005-0.04 ⁇ m, preferably 0.008-0.03 ⁇ m. This mixture layer will make stronger the adhesion between the titanium carbide layer and the ornamental coating layer.
  • the coloring layer comprising the titanium carbide layer and the ornamental coating layer; or comprising the titanium carbide layer, the mixture layer, and the ornamental coating layer has color evaluation values according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system) in the range of preferably 85 ⁇ L* ⁇ 95, 1.5 ⁇ a* ⁇ 4.0, and 4.5 ⁇ b* ⁇ 6.5, more preferably 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5.
  • L*a*b* color space CIE colorimetric system
  • the coloring layer formed on a mirror-polished ornamental base article, and the coloring layer formed on a hair-line-finished (fine line-patterned) ornamental base article had respectively color evaluation values according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system) in the range of 85 ⁇ L* ⁇ 90, 0 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.0, and 3.5 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.0; and 75 ⁇ L* ⁇ 85, 0 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.0, and 3.5 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.0.
  • L*a*b* color space CIE colorimetric system
  • the surface layer comprising the titanium carbide layer and the ornamental coating layer; or comprising the titanium carbide layer, the mixture layer, and the ornamental coating layer has a surface hardness (HV: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds) in the range of usually 700-2000, preferably 1000-2000.
  • HV Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds
  • the second ornament of the present invention is less liable to deteriorate in appearance quality by scratching or other causes, and has a white coating film giving superior quality.
  • the second ornament of the present invention may be provided with at least one additional film (differential coloring film) formed by dry-plating or wet-drying having a color different from the color of the coloring layer on a part of the surface of the white coating film having a platinum color or a platinum alloy color.
  • additional film differentiated coloring film
  • the differential coloring film is preferably composed of gold, a gold alloy (preferably non-nickelic gold alloy), titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, hafnium nitride, or diamond-like carbon (DLC). This coating film is visible as well as the outermost coloring layer. Therefore, the ornament of the present invention includes two-tone ornaments and the like.
  • a gold alloy preferably non-nickelic gold alloy
  • titanium nitride preferably non-nickelic gold alloy
  • zirconium nitride zirconium nitride
  • hafnium nitride hafnium nitride
  • DLC diamond-like carbon
  • the thickness of the plated differential coloring film is in the range of usually 0.1-1.0 ⁇ m, preferably 0.2-0.5 ⁇ m.
  • This differential coloring film may have a two-layer structure constituted of a lower layer composed of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, or hafnium nitride, and an upper layer composed of gold, or a gold alloy (preferably non-nickelic gold alloy; e.g., a gold-iron alloy).
  • the lower layer has a thickness of usually 0.2-1.5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5-1.0 ⁇ m
  • the upper layer has a thickness of usually 0.03-0.2 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05-0.1 ⁇ m.
  • this differential coloring coating film may have a three-layer structure constituted of a lower layer composed of titanium, an intermediate layer composed of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, or hafnium nitride, and an upper layer composed of gold, or a gold alloy (preferably non-nickelic gold alloy).
  • the lower layer has a thickness of usually 0.02-0.1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.03-0.08 ⁇ m
  • the intermediate layer has a thickness of usually 0.2-1.5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5-1.0 ⁇ m
  • the upper layer has a thickness of usually 0.03-0.2 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05-0.1 ⁇ m.
  • this differential coloring coating film may be constituted of a titanium coating film, a silicon coating film, and a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating film formed in this order on a part of the coloring layer surface.
  • the lower layer has a thickness of usually 0.05-0.3 ⁇ m, preferably 0.08-0.2 ⁇ m
  • the intermediate layer has a thickness of usually 0.05-0.3 ⁇ m, preferably 0.08-0.2 ⁇ m
  • the upper layer has a thickness of usually 0.5-3.0 ⁇ m, preferably 0.8-1.5 ⁇ m.
  • the respective layers constituting the aforementioned monolayer structures, two-layer structures, and the three-layer structures are formed usually dry-plating.
  • the dry-plating includes, specifically, physical vapor deposition (PVD) such as sputtering, arc discharging, ion plating, and ion beam projection; and CVD. Of these, particularly preferred are sputtering, arc discharging, and ion plating.
  • the differential coloring coating film may have a two-layer structure constituted of a lower layer composed of a gold strike-plated film formed by wet plating, and an upper layer composed gold or a gold alloy (preferably non-nickelic gold alloy coating film) formed by wet-plating.
  • the lower layer has a thickness of usually 0.05-0.2 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05-0.1 ⁇ m
  • the upper layer has a thickness of usually 1.0-10 ⁇ m, preferably 1.0-3.0 ⁇ m.
  • Such an ornament having a differential coloring coating film on a part of the coloring layer surface can be produced, for example, by the process shown below.
  • an underlayer is formed on the ornament base article surface.
  • the aforementioned coloring layer is formed on the surface of this underlayer.
  • a part of the surface of the coloring layer is treated for masking.
  • the surface of the coloring layer and the surface of the mask are covered with a plating film having a color different from the color of the coloring layer by dry-plating or wet-plating.
  • the mask is removed together with a plated coating film formed thereon.
  • the steps of masking, plating, and mask removal are conducted at least once.
  • the outermost coating film can be produced which has two or more color tones having a white coating film of a stainless steel color or a white coating film of a platinum color or a platinum alloy color, and at least one differential coloring plating film.
  • the ornament of the present invention gives superior quality, having high scratch-resistance not to deteriorate in the external appearance by scratching or other causes, and having a white coating film of high-quality image like that of stainless steel.
  • a process is provided for producing the ornament.
  • Another ornament of the present invention will not cause nickel metal allergy, and yet gives superior quality, having high scratch-resistance not to deteriorate in the external appearance by scratching or other causes, and having a white coating of high-quality image like that of stainless steel.
  • a process is provided for producing the ornament.
  • a still another ornament of the present invention gives superior quality with a characteristic color of platinum or a platinum alloy, having high hardness not to deteriorate in the external appearance by denting, scratching, or other causes, having a white coating film of superior quality, and being producible at a low cost.
  • a process is provided for producing the ornament.
  • the ornament of the present invention may have a stainless steel coating layer between the titanium layer and the ornamental coating layer.
  • the defective film can be regenerated by removing the platinum or platinum-alloy coating film by use of aqua regia without causing corrosion of the ornament base article, the underlayer, and the titanium carbide layer, and by forming, after the film removal, another platinum or platinum-alloy coating film.
  • a process for producing the ornament is also provided.
  • the base articles were set in an ion plating apparatus, and the surfaces of the.base articles were cleaned by bombardment in an argon atmosphere.
  • a titanium plating film (underlayer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium Electron gun: 10 kV, 200-500 mA Gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.004-0.009 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 50 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a white titanium carbide plating film (titanium carbide layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium Electron gun: 10 kV, 300 mA Gas: Methane gas Film formation pressure: 0.02 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 60 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a white-colored mixture plating film (mixture layer) of titanium carbide and platinum was formed in a thickness of 0.02 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium, platinum Electron gun: 10 kV, 300 mA (source: titanium) 10 kV, 500 mA (source: platinum) Gas: Methane gas Film formation pressure: 0.02 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -50 V Anode voltage: 60 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a white-colored platinum coating film (ornamental coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the conditions below to obtain a watchcase and a watchband of a platinum color.
  • Evaporation source Platinum Electron gun: 10 kV, 500 mA Gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -50 V Anode voltage: 60 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and the watchband had a surface hardness of 1400 (Hv: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watchcase and the watchband had a white coating film formed thereon having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum color tone.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • a watchcase base article and a watchband base article as personal ornaments having been prepared from titanium by machining were washed and degreased with an organic solvent. Incidentally the surfaces of the base articles had been mirror-finished by machining.
  • the base articles were set in a sputtering apparatus, and the surfaces of the base articles were cleaned by bombardment in an argon atmosphere.
  • a zirconium plating film (underlayer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Target Zirconium Sputtering gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.5 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • a white-colored titanium carbide coating film (titanium carbide layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below.
  • Titanium Sputtering gas Methane gas Film formation pressure: 0.6 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • a white-colored stainless steel plating film (stainless steel coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below.
  • Austenitic stainless steel SUS304 Sputtering gas Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2-0.9 Pa Power applied to target: 0.4-0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): Ground to -300 V
  • a white-colored platinum coating film (ornamental coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below to obtain a watchcase and a watchband of a platinum color.
  • Target Platinum Sputtering gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and watchband had a surface hardness of 1300 (Hv: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watchcase and watchband had a white coating film having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum color.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • the above base articles were immersed in a plating solution having the composition below, and electrically plated under the plating conditions below to form a copper-tin alloy plating film (underlayer 1) in a thickness of 2 ⁇ m on the base article surfaces.
  • the formed plating films were washed with water.
  • the above base articles coated with the copper-tin alloy plating film were immersed in a plating solution having the composition below, and electrically plated under the plating conditions below to form a copper-tin-zinc alloy plating film (underlayer 2) in a thickness of 2 ⁇ m on the respective copper-tin alloy plating film surfaces.
  • the formed plating films were washed with water.
  • the above base articles coated with the copper-tin-zinc alloy plating film were immersed in a plating solution having the composition below, and electrically plated under the plating conditions below to form a palladium strike plating film (underlayer 3) in a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m on the copper-tin-zinc plating film surfaces.
  • the formed plating film was washed with water.
  • pH 8 Solution temperature 32°C Current density (Dk) 3-5 A/dm 2 Time 30 seconds
  • the base articles were set in a sputtering apparatus, and the surfaces of the base articles were cleaned by bombardment in an argon atmosphere.
  • a tantalum coating film (underlayer 4) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Tantalum Sputtering gas Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.4 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • a white-colored titanium carbide plating film (titanium carbide layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below.
  • Titanium Sputtering gas Methane-argon gas mixture
  • Film formation pressure 0.6 Pa
  • Power applied to target 0.5 kW
  • a white-colored platinum alloy coating film (ornamental coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below to obtain a watchcase and a watchband of a platinum color.
  • Target Platinum alloy Sputtering gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.6 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • the platinum alloy coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and watchband had a surface hardness of 1300 (HV: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watch case and the watchband had a white coating film having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum alloy color.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • a watchcase base article and a watchband base article as a personal ornament having been prepared by molding a zirconia ceramic in a shape of a watchcase and a watchband were washed and degreased with an organic solvent.
  • the method of preparing such a base article such as a watchcase is described specifically in the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-333236 (filed on October 30, 2001 (Paragraphs: [0032]-[0036]) by inventors of the present invention). Incidentally the surfaces of the base articles had been mirror-finished by machining.
  • the base articles were set in a sputtering apparatus, and the surfaces of the base articles were cleaned by bombardment in an argon atmosphere.
  • a chromium plating film (underlayer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Chromium Sputtering gas Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.4 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • a white-colored titanium carbide plating film (titanium carbide layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below.
  • Titanium Sputtering gas Methane gas Film formation pressure: 0.6 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • a white-colored stainless steel plating film (stainless steel coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below.
  • Target Austenitic stainless steel (SUS304) Sputtering gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2-0.9 Pa Power applied to target: 0.4-0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): Ground to -300 V
  • a white-colored platinum coating film (ornamental coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below to obtain a watchcase and a watchband of a platinum color.
  • Target Platinum Sputtering gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and watchband had a surface hardness of 1300 (Hv: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watchcase and watchband had a white coating film having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum color.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • a watchcase base article and a watchband base article for personal ornaments having been prepared from stainless steel (SUS316L) by machining were washed and degreased with an organic solvent. Incidentally the surfaces of the base articles had been mirror-finished by machining.
  • the base articles were set in an ion plating apparatus, and the surfaces of the base articles were cleaned by bombardment in an argon atmosphere.
  • a titanium plating film (underlayer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium Electron gun: 10 kV, 200-500 mA Gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.004-0.009 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 50 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a white titanium carbide plating film (abrasion-resistant layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium Electron gun: 10 kV, 300 mA Gas: Methane-argon gas mixture Film formation pressure: 0.02 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 60 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • Evaporation source Platinum Electron gun: 10 kV, 500 mA Gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -50 V Anode voltage: 60 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and watchband had a surface hardness of 1200 (HV: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watchcase and watchband had a white coating film formed thereon having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum color.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • a plating film having a color different from the color of this film was formed by dry-plating.
  • a titanium plating film was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium Electron gun: 10 kV, 200-500 mA Gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 40-50 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a titanium nitride plating film giving a golden color was formed in a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium Electron gun: 10 kV, 200-500 mA Gas: Argon-nitrogen gas mixture Film formation pressure: 0.2 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 40-50 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a gold-iron alloy plating film giving a golden color was formed in a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Gold-iron alloy Electron gun: 8 kV, 500 mA Gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.26 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 10-30 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a part of the gold-iron alloy plating film was treated for masking (with an epoxy resist as the masking material).
  • the gold-iron alloy plating film, the titanium nitride plating film, and the titanium plating film were removed successively by etching solutions. Finally, the mask was removed. Thereby, a watchcase and a watchband were obtained which had an outermost two-tone coating film having a platinum -colored coating film and a gold-colored gold-iron alloy plating film.
  • the etching solution (peeling liquid) employed for removal of the gold-iron alloy plating film was a solution containing a cyanide compound as the main component and additionally an oxidant.
  • the etching solution for the titanium nitride plating film and for titanium plating film was a solution containing nitric acid as the main component and additionally ammonium fluoride.
  • the mask-peeling liquid employed was methylene chloride.
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and the watchband had a surface hardness of 1200 (Hv: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds), and the gold-iron alloy plating film had a surface hardness of 120 (Hv: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watchcase and watchband had a white coating film formed thereon having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum color.
  • the color evaluations of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • Example C5 On a part of the surfaces of platinum coating films (ornamental coating layer) formed in the same manner as in Example C5, a plating film having a color different from the color of the coating film (differential coloring film) was formed by wet-plating.
  • the base articles having the coating film formed thereon were subjected to pretreatment of electrolytic degreasing, neutralization and water washing for cleaning.
  • These film-coated base articles were electroplated in a plating solution having the composition below under the electroplating conditions below. Thereby a gold strike-plating film was formed in a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m on the surface of the base articles.
  • the formed plating films were washed with water.
  • Potassium cyanide 8.7 g/L (Metal 5.0 g/L) Iron chloride 2.7 g/L (Metal 1.0 g/L) Citric acid 150 g/L or more Sodium citrate 150 g/L or more Brightener 10 mL/L
  • the gold-iron alloy plating films were locally treated for masking.
  • the gold-iron alloy plating film, and the gold strike-plating film were removed successively by etching solutions. Finally, the mask was removed. Thereby, a watchcase and a watchband were obtained which had an outermost two-tone coating film having a stainless steel-color hard coating film and a gold-color gold-iron alloy plating film.
  • the etching solution (peeling liquid) employed for removal of the gold-iron alloy plating film and removal of gold strike plating film was a solution containing a cyanide compound as the main component and additionally an oxidant.
  • the mask-peeling liquid employed was methylene chloride.
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and the watchband had a surface hardness of 1100 (Hv: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds), and the gold-iron alloy plating film had a surface hardness of 120 (Hv: Vickers micro-hardness tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watchcase and the watchband had a white coating film formed thereon having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum color.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • Example C5 On a part of the surfaces of platinum coating films (ornamental coating layer) formed in the same manner as in Example C5, a plating film having a color different from the color of the hard film (differential coloring layer) was formed by dry-plating.
  • a masking material an epoxy resist
  • a titanium plating film was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Titanium Sputtering gas Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.02 Pa Power applied to target: 0.3-0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 to -100 V
  • a silicon plating film was formed in a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Target Silicon Sputtering gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.05 Pa Power applied to target: 0.3-0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 to -100 V
  • a black diamond-like carbon (DLC) plating film was formed in a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m by plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition) under the film formation conditions below.
  • the masking material was etched by methylene chloride to lift off the titanium plating films, silicon plating films and DCL plating films formed just on the masks.
  • a watchcase and a watchband were obtained which have respectively an ornamental two-tone coating layer.
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and watchband had a surface hardness of 1200 (HV: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds), and the DLC plating films had a surface hardness of 1800 (HV: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watchcase and the watchband had a white coating film having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum color.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • a watchcase base article and a watchband base article as personal ornaments having been prepared from titanium by machining were washed and degreased with an organic solvent. Incidentally the surfaces of the base articles had been mirror-finished by machining.
  • the base articles were set in a sputtering apparatus, and the surfaces of the base articles were cleaned by bombardment in an argon atmosphere.
  • a zirconium plating film (underlayer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Target Zirconium Sputtering gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.5 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • a white-colored titanium carbide coating film (titanium carbide layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below.
  • Titanium Sputtering gas Methane-argon gas mixture
  • Film formation pressure 0.6 Pa
  • Power applied to target 0.5 kW
  • a white-colored stainless steel plating film (stainless steel coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below.
  • Austenitic stainless steel SUS304 Sputtering gas Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2-0.9 Pa Power applied to target: 0.4-0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): Ground to -300 V
  • a white-colored platinum coating film (ornamental coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by sputtering (magnetron sputtering system) under the conditions below to obtain a watchcase and a watchband of a platinum color.
  • Target Platinum Sputtering gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2 Pa Power applied to target: 0.5 kW Bias voltage (acceleration voltage): -50 V
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and watchband had a surface hardness of 1300 (Hv: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watchcase and watchband had a white coating film having high scratch resistance and giving superior quality of a platinum color.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • a watchcase base article and a watchband base article for personal ornaments having been prepared from stainless steel (SUS316L) by machining were washed and degreased with an organic solvent. Incidentally the surfaces of the base articles had been mirror-finished by machining.
  • the base articles were set in an ion plating apparatus, and the surfaces of the base articles were cleaned by bombardment in an argon atmosphere.
  • a titanium carbide plating film which has a concentration gradient structure of carbon content of 5-15 atom% was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium Electron gun: 10 kV, 200-500 mA Gas: Argon-methane gas mixture Film formation pressure: 0.004-0.009 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 50 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a white titanium carbide plating film (titanium carbide layer) containing carbon at a content of 40 ⁇ 10 atom% was formed in a thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the film formation conditions below.
  • Evaporation source Titanium Electron gun: 10 kV, 300 mA Gas: Methane-argon gas mixture Film formation pressure: 0.02 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -100 V Anode voltage: 60 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • a white-colored platinum coating film (ornamental coating layer) was formed in a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m by ion plating (hot cathode method) under the conditions below to obtain a watchcase and a watchband of a platinum color tone.
  • Evaporation source Platinum Electron gun: 10 kV, 500 mA Gas: Argon gas Film formation pressure: 0.2 Pa Acceleration voltage (bias voltage): Ground to -50 V Anode voltage: 60 V Filament voltage: 7 V
  • the platinum coating films formed as above on the surfaces of the watchcase and the watchband had a surface hardness of 1200 (Hv: Vickers hardness micro-tester, load: 5g, retention time: 10 seconds).
  • the watch case and watchband had a white coating film formed thereon having high scratch resistance and giving high-quality image similar to stainless steel coating film.
  • the color evaluation values of the ornamental coating layers were 88 ⁇ L* ⁇ 92, 1.8 ⁇ a* ⁇ 2.5, and 5.0 ⁇ b* ⁇ 5.5 according to L*a*b* color space (CIE colorimetric system).
  • Example C5 An ornament part sample of Example C5 was prepared which had an underlayer constituted of a titanium plating film and a white-colored titanium carbide plating film (abrasion-resistant layer) containing carbon at a content of 40 ⁇ 10 atom%.
  • another ornament part sample of Example C10 was prepared which had an underlayer constituted of a titanium carbide plating film containing carbon at a content of 5-15 atom% and a white-colored titanium carbide plating film (abrasion-resistant layer) containing carbon at a content of 40 ⁇ 10 atom%.
  • These ornament part samples were measured for adhesion of the coating film (critical load).
  • Example C5 caused chipping-peeling at the scratching load of 200 gf
  • sample of Example C10 caused the chipping-peeling at the scratching load of 250 gf. That is, the critical load was 200 gf in Example C5, and 250 gf in Example C10. This means that the adhesion of the coating film of the ornament part of Example C10 is higher by 25% than that of Example C5.
  • the ornament base article may be made from tungsten carbide; the underlayer may be constituted by a plating film formed from chromium, hafnium, vanadium, or niobium.
  • the underlayer may be constituted by a plating film formed from chromium, hafnium, vanadium, or niobium.
  • watchcases and watchbands were produced.
  • the technique of Examples C1-C10 is naturally applicable to other ornament such as necklaces, pendants, and brooches.

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
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Claims (15)

  1. Ein persönliches Ornament mit einem weissen dekorativen Beschichtungsfilm als äusserste Schicht, bestehend aus einem Edelmetall oder einer Edelmetalllegierung, gebildet durch Trockenplattierung, umfassend
    - ein ornamentales Grundobjekt aus einem Metall oder einer Keramik,
    - eine auf dem Grundobjekt gebildete Unterschicht, und
    - eine Titancarbid-Schicht, gebildet durch Trockenplattierung auf der Oberfläche der Unterschicht, und
    - eine ornamentale Beschichtung, bestehend aus Platin oder einer Platinlegierung, gebildet durch Trockenplattierung auf der Oberfläche der Titancarbid-Schicht;
    - wobei die Titancarbid-Schicht eine Dicke von 0.5-1.0 µm hat,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ornamentale Beschichtung ein weisser Beschichtungsfilm mit einer Dicke von 0.03-0.06 µm ist.
  2. Das Ornament nach Anspruch 1, wobei das ornamentale Grundobjekt aus mindestens einem Metall aus der Gruppe bestehend aus rostfreiem Stahl, Titan, Titanlegierungen, Kupfer, Kupferlegierungen, und Tungstencarbid hergestellt ist.
  3. Das Ornament nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das ornamentale Grundobjekt aus einer Zirkonia-Keramik hergestellt ist, die eine weisse, stabilisierte Zirkonia ist, die Yttriumoxid (Y2O2), Magnesiumoxid (MgO), oder Calciumoxid (CaO) in einer Menge von 3-7% Gewichtsprozent enthält.
  4. Das Ornament nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei
    - das ornamentale Grundobjekt aus einem anderen Metall als Kupfer und Kupferlegierung, oder aus einer Keramik, hergestellt ist, und
    - die Unterschicht auf der Oberfläche des ornamentalen Grundobjekts durch Trockenplattierung aus Titan (Ti), Chrom (Cr), Zirkon (Zr), Hafnium (Hf), Vanadium (V), Niob (Nb), oder Tantal (Ta) gebildet ist.
  5. Das Ornament nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei
    - das ornamentale Grundobjekt aus einem anderen Metall als Kupfer und Kupferlegierung, oder aus einer Keramik, hergestellt ist, und
    - die Unterschicht auf der Oberfläche des ornamentalen Grundobjekts ein Metallverbindungsbeschichtungsfilm ist, der durch Trockenplattierung aus Titancarbid, Chromcarbid, Zirkoncarbid, Hafniumcarbid, Vanadiumcarbid, Niobcarbid, oder Tantalcarbid mit einem Kohlenstoffatom-Gehalt von 5-15 Atomprozent gebildet ist.
  6. Das Ornament nach Anspruch 1 oder 4, wobei
    - das ornamentale Grundobjekt aus einem anderen Metall als Kupfer und Kupferlegierung, oder aus einer Keramik, hergestellt ist, und
    - die Unterschicht eine 0.02-0.2 µm dicke, durch Trockenplattierung gebildete, Beschichtung ist.
  7. Das Ornament nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei
    - das ornamentale Grundobjekt aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung hergestellt ist, und
    - die Unterschicht durch Nassplattierung auf der Oberfläche des ornamentalen Grundobjekts aus einem 1-10 µm dicken Nickelbeschichtungsfilm gebildet ist, und
    - eine 3-10 µm dicke Beschichtung aus einer amorphen Nickel-Phosphor-Legierung auf der Oberfläche des Nickelfilms durch Nassplattierung gebildet ist.
  8. Das Ornament nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei
    - das ornamentale Grundobjekt aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung hergestellt ist, und
    - die Unterschicht eine Beschichtung ist, die durch Nassplattierung der Oberfläche des ornamentalen Grundobjekts mit einer Dicke von 2-9 µm aus mindestens einem Material aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Kupfer, Palladium, Kupfer-Zinn-Legierungen, Kupfer-Zinn-Zink-Legierungen, und Kupfer-Zinn-Palladium-Legierungen.
  9. Das Ornament nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei zwischen der Titancarbid-Schicht und der ornamentalen Beschichtung eine Mischschicht vorgesehen ist, die aus dem Titancarbid, das die Titancarbid-Schicht bildet, und Platin oder Platinlegierung, die die ornamentale Beschichtung bildet, besteht und eine Dicke von 0.005-0.1 µm hat.
  10. Das Ornament nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei zwischen der Titancarbid-Schicht und der ornamentalen Beschichtung eine Beschichtung aus rostfreiem Stahl durch Trockenplattierung mit einer Dicke von 0.05-1.5 µm vorgesehen ist.
  11. Das Ornament nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Beschichtung aus rostfreiem Stahlt aus austenitischem rostfreiem Stahl mit einer Zusammensetzung von 0.01-0.12 Volumenprozent Kohlenstoff, 0.1-1.5 Volumenprozent Silizium, 1.0-2.5 Volumenprozent Mangan, 8-22 Volumenprozent Nickel, 15-26 Volumenprozent Chrom, und der Rest Eisen gebildet ist.
  12. Das Ornament nach Anspruch 1 oder 9, wobei die Farbbewertungswerte der ornamentalen Beschichtung nach dem L*a*b*-Farbraum (CIE farbmetrisches System) 85<L*<95, 1.5<a*<4.0, und 4.5<b*<6.5 sind.
  13. Das Ornament nach einem der Ansprüche 1, und 4 bis 12, wobei die Titancarbid-Schicht, die Mischschicht und die ornamentale Beschichtung durch mindestens einem der Verfahren: Sputtern, Ionplattieren und Lichtbogenentladung gebildet ist.
  14. Das Ornament nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, und 12, wobei die ornamentale Beschichtung eine Mischschicht ist, die aus einer Mischung aus Titancarbid, das die Titancarbid-Schicht bildet und Platin oder Platinlegierung besteht.
  15. Das Ornament nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, die ornamentale Beschichtung eine Oberflächenhärte (Hv; Vickers Härte Mikrotester, Last: 5g, Verweilzeit: 10 Sekunden) von 1000-2000 hat.
EP10010685.5A 2001-12-28 2002-12-26 Dekorationsartikel mit weißer Beschichtung und Herstellungsverfahren dafür Expired - Lifetime EP2338373B1 (de)

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EP1459644A1 (de) 2004-09-22
US7622198B2 (en) 2009-11-24
CN1212086C (zh) 2005-07-27
CN1494388A (zh) 2004-05-05
KR100599640B1 (ko) 2006-07-12
US20100018250A1 (en) 2010-01-28
EP1459644B1 (de) 2011-03-30
EP2338373A2 (de) 2011-06-29
EP1459644A4 (de) 2005-04-06
EP2338373A3 (de) 2012-04-18
DE60239635D1 (de) 2011-05-12
WO2003056966A1 (fr) 2003-07-17
KR20040068461A (ko) 2004-07-31
US8003225B2 (en) 2011-08-23
US20040093730A1 (en) 2004-05-20

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