CN108430547B - 保护针尖 - Google Patents
保护针尖 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108430547B CN108430547B CN201680072188.8A CN201680072188A CN108430547B CN 108430547 B CN108430547 B CN 108430547B CN 201680072188 A CN201680072188 A CN 201680072188A CN 108430547 B CN108430547 B CN 108430547B
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Abstract
药物输送装置可包括由可移除的无菌防护保护器覆盖的无菌针。该装置任选地包括皮肤接触表面和针保护器用于防止皮肤接触表面从注射部位移除时或没有完全移除时角度的针刺危险。任选地,针保护器可包括干扰针保护器更换的防护件。在一些实施例中,针盖可能干扰针保护器的部署。
Description
技术领域和背景技术
本发明在其一些实施例中涉及一种保护针尖,并且更具体地,但不排他地,涉及用于从注射部位去除药物输送装置时的针保护的防护件或传感器。
专利号为6500150的美国专利公开了“一种药物输送装置,其具有限定皮肤接触表面的基部构件、用作药物储存器的注射器以及用于将药物从注射器排出的装置。注射器连接到基部构件,使得注射器的纵向轴线大致平行于皮肤表面。输送针与注射器连通。针具有成角度的弯曲,其引导针的尖端基本上垂直于皮肤接触表面。在使用中,针的尖端适于穿透受治疗者的皮肤。”
专利号为6824529的美国专利公开了“一种药物输送装置,其具有限定皮肤接触表面的基部构件、用作药物储存器的注射器以及用于将药物从注射器排出的装置。注射器连接到基部构件,使得注射器的纵向轴线大致平行于皮肤表面。输送针与注射器连通。针具有成角度的弯曲,其引导针的尖端基本上垂直于皮肤接触表面。在使用中,针的尖端适于穿透受治疗者的皮肤。”
专利号为6843782的美国专利公开了“一种药物输送装置,其具有限定皮肤接触表面的基部构件、用作药物储存器的注射器以及用于将药物从注射器排出的装置。注射器连接到基部构件,使得注射器的纵向轴线大致平行于皮肤表面。输送针与注射器连通。针具有成角度的弯曲,其引导针的尖端基本上垂直于皮肤接触表面。在使用中,针的尖端适于穿透受治疗者的皮肤。”
专利号为20140163526的美国专利公开了“一种自动注射装置可以装载标准型注射器和/或皮下注射针。注射器可选择地装载有药物和/或覆盖有无菌针盖。注射器可以在无菌状态下装入注射器并且针盖在适当位置。注射器可以包括例如紧固件(例如粘结剂基座)。在一些实施例中,紧固件可以帮助使用者将注射器长时间稳定地保持在患者的皮肤上。例如,注射器可用于在30秒至180秒的时间范围内注射0.5至3.0毫升的体积。”
专利号为20150088071的美国专利公开了“......启动机构(20)和安全闩(122)。操作启动机构以部署具有纵轴的针(116)伸出外壳(112)。安全闩(122)可移动地安装在外壳(112)上并形成针开口(129)以允许针(116)从中穿过。安全闩(122)具有第一位置和第二位置,在第一位置,针(116)对准穿过针开口(129),在第二位置,安全闩(122)相对于外壳(112)移动,通过远离针开口(129)一定距离的安全闩(122)的一部分使得针(116)被阻止在平行于其纵轴的方向上移动。”
国际公开专利申请2015048791公开了“......制备用于使用的复合装置(500)的方法。该装置可包括密封部件(560)和活性外表面(579)。外表面可以被表面覆盖物(589)保护。制备该装置可包括通过移除表面覆盖物,启动活性外表面,并且通过开启密封部件,将密封部件的内部暴露于装置的外部,以及使用连接到表面覆盖物和密封部件的联接器(592)同步启动和所述开启。”
其它的背景技术包括专利号为6189292的美国专利,专利公布号为20130253434的美国专利,专利公布号为2009/093,792的美国专利号,专利号为7967795的美国专利。
发明内容
根据本发明的一些实施例的一个方面,提供了一种具有针刺保护器的注射器,包括:具有皮肤接触表面并在皮肤接触表面中限定孔的框架;具有尖锐点的针,所述尖锐点被构造成通过所述孔前进;可移除地安装在针上的针保护器;可移动地附接在框架上并贴靠针保护器偏置的刺保护器。
根据本发明的一些实施例,注射器还包括手柄,手柄用于将针保护器从针上拉开,由此释放刺保护器以移动到防护尖锐点的防护位置。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针保护器穿过孔突出。
根据本发明的一些实施例,偏置导致刺保护器悬于孔上。
根据本发明的一些实施例,注射器还包括:与针流体连通,且具有平行于皮肤接触表面的长轴的药物储存器。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针刚性地附接到药物储存器。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针的纵轴在其尖端相对于药物储存器的长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
根据本发明的一些实施例,药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且长轴是孔的纵轴。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针是无菌的,并且针保护器保护针的无菌性。
根据本发明的一些实施例,皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
根据本发明的一些实施例的一个方面,提供了一种用于自动注射器的针保护系统,包括:框架,所述框架包括具有孔的皮肤接触表面;无菌针,所述无菌针包括在其远端部分上的尖端,在可移动的针与框架之间限定使尖端前进穿过孔的运动路径的连接件;针保护器,所述针保护器可移除地附接到针上,所述针保护器所述针保护器可沿着轨迹从所述针移除,轨迹由沿着所述针的所述远侧部分的轴线滑动所述针帽而限定;防护件,所述防护件连接到所述框架以在阻塞通路和轨迹的部署位置,清除通路和轨迹的打开位置和阻挡轨迹并清除通路的准备就绪位置之间移动。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针保护器阻止尖端污染。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针防护件连接到针保护器,使得移除针保护器导致防护件从打开位置移动到防护位置。
根据本发明的一些实施例,当防护件处于防护位置时,防护件阻挡保护器的更换。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述系统还包括:针驱动器,所述针驱动器构造成控制针尖的前进,并且其中防护件与针驱动器互连以当防护件处于防护位置时防止前进。
根据本发明的一些实施例,防护件包括枢转地安装到框架的闩。
根据本发明的一些实施例,防护件包括足够大的针开口,以允许针尖穿过,但小于孔,其中,在准备就绪位置,针对准穿过针开口。
根据本发明的一些实施例,在防护位置,针与针开口未对齐。
根据本发明的一些实施例,在准备就绪位置,防护件与框架齐平。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针保护系统还包括:药物储存器,所述药物储存器与针流体连通并具有平行于皮肤接触表面的长轴。
根据本发明的一些实施例,无菌针刚性地附接到药物储存器。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针的纵轴在尖端处相对于药物储存器的长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
根据本发明的一些实施例,药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且长轴是孔的纵轴。
根据本发明的一些实施例,皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
根据本发明的一些实施例的一个方面,提供了一种用于自动注射器的针保护系统,包括:框架,所述框架包括具有孔的皮肤接触表面;针,所述针包括尖端,可移动地连接到框架,以使尖端前进穿过孔;锁,所述锁与针相互连接以控制前进;针保护器,所述针保护器可拆卸地连接所述针;所述针保护器可沿着轨迹从所述针移除,所述轨迹由所述针帽沿着所述针的轴线的滑动限定;刺保护器,所述刺保护器与锁相互连接并连接到框架以在两个位置之间移动;关闭位置,在所述关闭位置,刺保护器阻挡移除针保护器的轨迹;打开位置,在所述打开位置,刺保护器固定锁以防止前进。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针保护器穿过孔突出。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针保护系统还包括:药物储存器,所述药物储存器与针流体连通并具有平行于皮肤接触表面的长轴。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针刚性地附接到药物储存器。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针的纵轴在尖端处相对于药物储存器的长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
根据本发明的一些实施例,药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且长轴是孔的纵轴。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针是无菌的,并且针保护器保护针的无菌性。
根据本发明的一些实施例,皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
根据本发明的一些实施例的一个方面,提供了一种用于保护可穿戴药物输送装置的针的系统,包括:外表面,所述药物输送装置包括皮肤接触表面,所述皮肤接触表面包括至少一个限定开口的开口部分;药物储存器,所述药物储存器与所述针流体连通并具有平行于选自所述皮肤接触表面的所述开口部分和所述皮肤接触表面的另一部分中的至少一个表面的长轴;针驱动器,所述针驱动器连接到所述针并且可移动地安装到所述皮肤接触表面的所述开口部分,用于使所述针的尖端前进穿过所述开口并且从所述皮肤接触表面向外;开关,所述开关互连在所述针驱动器和所述皮肤接触表面的开口部分之间;所述开关响应所述装置外表面上的向内压力而能够前进。
根据本发明的一些实施例,在药物输送期间,所述开口部分与所述另一部分齐平。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针是无菌的并且还包括:针帽,所述针帽保护所述针的无菌性并且阻挡所述开关,并且其中从所述针移除所述针帽使开关工作。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述开关从所述药物设备的外表面向外偏置。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针刚性地附接到所述药物储存器。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针的纵轴在尖端处相对于药物储存器的长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
根据本发明的一些实施例,药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且长轴是孔的纵轴。
根据本发明的一些实施例,皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
根据本发明的一些实施例的一个方面,提供了一种系统,一种可穿戴药物输送装置,包括:外表面,所述药物输送装置包括皮肤接触表面,所述皮肤接触表面限定开口;药物储存器,所述药物储存器与针流体连通并具有平行于所述皮肤接触表面的长轴;针帽,所述针帽围绕所述针的尖端保护以保护所述尖端免受污染;针驱动器,所述针驱动器连接到所述针并且可移动地安装到所述皮肤接触表面,用于使所述针的尖端前进穿过所述开口并且从所述皮肤接触表面向外;并且其中从所述针移除所述针帽打开移动所述储存器的路径,以前进。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针是无菌的,并且针帽保护针的无菌性。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针刚性地连接到药物储存器。
根据本发明的一些实施例,针的纵向轴线在尖端处相对于药物储存器的长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
根据本发明的一些实施例,药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且长轴是孔的纵轴。
根据本发明的一些实施例,皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
除非另外定义,否则本文使用的所有技术和/或科学术语与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。类似的或等同于本文所描述的方法和材料可以在实践或本发明的实施例的测试中使用,示例性方法和/或材料描述如下。如果发生冲突,以包括定义在内的专利说明为准。此外,材料,方法和实施例仅是说明性的,并且是不旨是必要限制。
附图的几个视图的简要说明
本文仅通过举例的方式参照附图来描述本发明的一些实施例。现在具体参照附图详细说明,需强调所示出的细节是作为示例并且出于对本发明的实施例的说明性讨论的目的。就此而言,对于本领域技术人员而言,利用附图所作的描述对于可以如何实施本发明的实施例是显而易见的。
在附图中:
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的防护针的方法的流程图;
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的保护针的方法的流程图;
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的用于保护针的系统的框图;
图4A-4E是根据本发明的一个实施例的具有针防护闩的药物输送装置的透视图;
图5A-5B是根据本发明的一个实施例的延伸的针防护闩的透视图;
图6A-6D是根据本发明的一个实施例的非线性运动的注射器和防护件的示意图;
图7A-7D是根据本发明的一个实施例的线性运动的注射器和防护件的示意图;
图8A-8E是根据本发明的一个实施例的具有皮肤传感器的药物输送装置的透视图;和
图9A-9C是根据本发明的一个实施例的具有防护件的药物输送装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
概述
本发明在其一些实施例中涉及一种保护针尖,并且更具体地,但不排他地,涉及用于从注射部位去除药物输送装置时的针保护的防护件或传感器。
本发明的一些实施例的一个方面涉及一种针帽,其干扰药物排出装置的针保护器的部署(deploy)(有时针帽被称为刚性针防护件RNS)。任选地,当帽被移除时,针保护器可以部署。在一些实施例中,部署的针保护器可以启动注射器。
本发明的一些实施例的一个方面涉及一种药物输送装置(例如,给药输送装置,例如注射器)包括针保护器,其干涉针帽的去除。例如,当防护件和/或传感器部署时,其可能阻挡帽的运动轨迹。任选地,防护件和/或传感器具有清除帽的非启动位置。例如,在帽从针移除后,防护件和/或传感器可以从非启动位置移动到部署位置。
本发明的一些实施例的一个方面涉及一种针防护件和/或传感器,其在部署状态干扰注射器的针帽更换。任选地,当注射器被启动和/或准备就绪时,传感器和/或防护件被部署。
本发明的一些实施例的一个方面涉及一种用于在三种状态之间移动的药物注射器的针防护件。例如,针防护件可以具有打开位置(例如拉回位置)。拉回位置可以允许针帽和/或帽移除工具以伸入到注射器中和/或从注射器中伸出。任选地,当针帽被移除时,针防护件可以移动到防护位置。在防护位置,防护件可能会阻挡针尖的暴露。任选地和/或附加地,针防护件可以具有准备就绪的位置。在准备就绪的位置,防护件中的开口可以与针对准,使针从注射器伸出。任选地,在注射器的针被部署前,防护件可以从防护位置移动到准备就绪的位置。例如,当注射器被放置在受治疗者的皮肤上时,防护件可以从防护位置移动到准备就绪位置。任选地,当防护件处于防护位置时,可以防止针部署。任选地,当注射器从受治疗者的皮肤移除时,针防护件可以从准备就绪位置移动到防护位置。例如,当针部署时,针防护件可以通过针的轻微弯曲(弹性和/或非弹性)从准备就绪位置移动到部署位置(例如防护位置)。一旦针防护件处于防护位置和针部署时,任选地组织防护件返回到待发位置,例如通过被针阻止和/或被锁定。任选地或附加地,针可以在注射结束时缩回。
在一些实施例中,针帽可以在使用该装置之前对针进行保护。任选地,针头保护器可以在针帽移除之后防止针刺危险。例如,针保护器可防止从注射部位移除装置时的针刺危险。
在一些实施例中,针保护器可以包括防护针尖的防护件以防止针刺危险。任选地,防护件将延伸穿过针尖以防止针刺危险。可替代地或附加地,针保护器可以包括感测注射器的皮肤接触表面何时与注射部位接触并且紧邻注射部位的皮肤传感器。在一些实施例中,防护件还可以包括皮肤传感器和/或皮肤传感器也可以防护针尖。
在一些实施例中,传感器和/或针防护件可以包括皮肤接触表面。可替换地或附加地,传感器和/或防护件可以远离皮肤接触表面延伸。任选地,皮肤接触表面可以包括用于粘附至使用者皮肤的粘合剂。例如,皮肤接触表面可以粘附到插针位置附近的皮肤。在一些实施例中,防护件和/或传感器可响应与使用者的皮肤相互作用而在位置之间移动。例如,当将防护件推向使用者的皮肤时,防护件可以从防护位置移动到准备就绪位置。可替代地或附加地,当注射器从使用者的皮肤上被拿走时,防护件和/或传感器可以移动到防护位置和/或部署位置。例如,当皮肤接触表面远离皮肤移动时,注射器可以从启动状态切换到被保护状态。可替代地或附加地,当注射器的外壳远离皮肤接触表面移动时,注射器可以从启动状态切换到被保护状态。传感器和/或防防护件的运动可能导致注射器切换状态。在一些实施例中,注射器将包括具有锋利尖端的针。例如,锋利尖端可以连接到针的直部。任选地,针帽覆盖和/或围绕针的直部。例如,针帽可以具有细长形状和/或同轴安装到针的直部。任选地,直部的近端连接到储存器和/或其颈部和/或针保持器。例如,针帽的近端可以连接和/或密封储存器和/或其颈部和/或针保持器。在一些实施例中,针帽可以保护针和/或其尖端不受物理损伤,免于伤害他人(例如锋利的刺的危险)和/或免受污染(例如,盖可以保持针和/或针尖的无菌性)。
在一些实施例中,可以通过纵向移动将针帽从针移除。任选地,可以用不超过0.5Kg的力将针帽从针上拉开。可替代地,可以用0.5Kg-1.0Kg力范围之间的力和/或1.0Kg-2Kg力范围之间的力和/或不超过2.0Kg-3Kg力范围之间的力和/或不超过3.0Kg-6Kg力范围之间的力将针帽从针上拉开。
在一些实施例中,针可以沿着线性路径伸入和/或插入到注射区。任选地或附加地,针可以沿着弯曲路径伸入和/或插入。例如,针可以通过围绕枢轴旋转而延伸和/或插入。任选地,在枢转时,针可以在纵向方向上移动(运动方向的改变可以与针的轴线方向的改变一致)。
在一些实施例中,针防护件和/或传感器可被偏置到防护和/或部署构造(configuration)。任选地,当针帽覆盖针时,帽干扰防护件和/或传感器,抑制向偏置位置的移动。任选地,部署的针在一些位置干涉传感器和/或防护件的移动。任选地,移除针帽可以启动注射器。任选地,移除针帽可能导致粘合剂衬里从粘合剂上剥离。例如,粘合剂衬里可以连接到针帽和/或针帽拔出件。例如,粘合剂可以连接到皮肤接触表面。
在一些实施例中,针防护件可以包括孔,通过该孔针帽被移除。例如,孔的宽度可以在1mm到3mm之间和/或在3mm到8mm之间和/或在8mm到15mm之间的范围内。任选地,孔可以是圆形的。任选地或附加地,它可以具有不同的形状。在一些实施例中,防护件可以不具有用于帽的孔。例如,防护件可以打开和/或在无碍(clear)在装置外壳上的孔。任选地,帽可以通过外壳中的孔被移除。任选地,外壳中的孔可以配合防护件。例如,外壳中的孔可具有1至5mm之间和/或5至10mm之间的和/或10至20mm之间和/或20至40mm之间和/或40至80mm之间和/或80至160mm之间的宽度和/或长度。任选地,外壳中的孔可以是矩形的和/或具有不同形状。
在一些实施例中,防护件和/或外壳可以包括针开口。例如,针开口可以小于帽的孔。例如,针开口的宽度可以在0至0.5mm之间和/或在0.5至1mm之间和/或在1至2mm之间和/或在2至4mm之间的范围内。可替代地或附加地,针可以穿过孔,通过该孔穿过针帽。
在一些实施例中,药物输送装置(例如注射器)可以包括一个预填充无菌药筒(prefilled sterile cartridge),其包括直接连接到被无菌针帽覆盖的皮下注射针的圆柱形筒。在一些实施例中,使用者在使用前将无菌针帽从预填充无菌注射筒移除。任选地,移除针帽启动装置和/或剥离粘合剂盖和/或触发针防护件从打开位置部署到防护位置。在一些实施例中,将装置的基部放置在受治疗者的皮肤上将针防护件移动到准备就绪位置。
在一些实施例中,该装置将药物排入受治疗者,其中预填充注射筒的轴线基本平行于装置的基部和/或受治疗者的皮肤。任选地,安装在药筒上的针可以插入到受治疗者的皮肤中和/或可以作为从药筒直接到受治疗者的流体路径。任选地,从受治疗者的皮肤上移除装置重新装配针防护件和/或撤销该装置。
在一些实施例中,药物输送装置可包括具有针的预填充注射器和/或储存器和/或与储存器的筒的轴线成一定角度的轮毂。例如,药物输送装置可以包括针防护件和/或针缩回机构。例如,输送装置可以包括不对称注射器和/或柱塞密封件。例如,输送装置可以包括针帽和/或盖移除件。
在一些实施例中,单独使用的药物输送装置(例如注射器,例如自动注射器、贴片注射器和/或推注器;例如注射器可以手持和/或穿戴在身体上)可以预装药物。例如,该设备可以包括药筒。任选地,该药筒包括具有无菌衬套的注射筒和/或与注射筒的筒体的轴线成一定安装角度的无菌针。注射筒任选地预填充药物。任选地,该装置可以包括针防护件和/或状态指示器。任选地,该装置可以包括附接机构,例如用于附接到受治疗者的粘合剂。
在一些实施例中,在组装之前和/或在运送到零售商和/或卫生提供者和/或使用者之前可以将药筒安装到输送装置。任选地或附加地,药筒可以被使用者安装在药物输送装置中,例如卫生提供者(例如护士和/或药剂师和/或医生和/或家庭保健员)和/或注射受治疗者(例如接受药物的患者)和/或护理人员。
在一些实施例中,该装置可以具有双侧对称性。例如,该装置的用户界面可具有双边对称性。
详细实施例
在详细解释本发明的至少一个实施例之前,应当理解的是,本发明在其应用中不一定限于后文描述和/或附图和/或示例中阐述的部件的构造和组件的布置和/或方法的细节。本发明能够具有其他实施例或以各种方式实践或执行。
输送药物的方法
图1是根据本发明实施例的输送药物和/或防护针的方法的流程图。在一些实施例中,注射器可以包括干扰针防护件的针盖。
在一些实施例中,组装的注射器(安装有药筒)可被提供给用户112。任选地,当提供给用户112,药筒和/或衬套和/或针可以是无菌的和/或覆盖有无菌针帽。任选地,该注射器可具有针防护件。例如,当针帽就位,针防护件可在打开位置,以允许进入到针帽。例如,当针防护件处于打开位置时,可能存在帽和/或帽移除件从注射器伸出的空间。例如,在打开位置,针防护件可缩回。在一些实施例中,针防护件可以从一个位置和/或状态枢转和/或滑动到另一个位置和/或状态。可替代地或附加地,药筒和/或注射器可分别被提供给使用者112和/或可被使用者组装。
在一些实施方案中,在注射器使用前,针帽可以被移除114。例如,针帽可以通过注射器外壳中的孔从药筒中拉出。任选地,移除针帽114可能导致输送装置被启动116和/或针防护件移动到防护位置。例如,帽和/或移除工具可被连接至开关和/或电池隔离器和/或粘合剂保护器。任选地移除帽启动开关和/或导致电池隔离器的移除和/或粘合剂保护器的移除。一旦被启动116,输送装置任选地指示其已准备好用于受治疗者。任选地,当针防护件处在防护位置,它可阻碍针帽的更换。任选地,当针防护件处在防护位置,它可以防止针暴露。例如,在防护位置,针防护件可以阻止针尖伸出注射器。任选地或附加地,当防护件处于防护位置,针延伸机构可以被锁定和/或禁用,由此防止针伸出注射器和/或处于防护位置,针防护件可以防护延伸的针尖。
在一些实施例中,注射器被放置在受治疗者的皮肤上120。例如,在启动后116,输送装置可以被放置在受治疗者的皮肤上120。任选地,放置在皮肤上导致针防护件移动至准备就绪位置122。例如,防护件可以被受治疗者的皮肤推入准备就绪位置。防护件移动至准备就绪位置122可能导致针从注射装置延伸和/或针插过受治疗者的皮肤。例如,防护件可能向内折叠露出针和/或允许针进入受治疗者和/或防护件移动122可触发插入机制。可替代地或附加地,防护件移动至准备就绪位置122可能会开辟针退出注射器的路径。例如,防护件移动至准备就绪位置122可将防护件中的开口对准针,以允许针伸出该装置,例如通过针帽中的开口。可替代地或附加地,附加步骤可能导致针的插入,例如推动按钮和/或将注射器的一部分推向受治疗者的皮肤。
在针插入后,可以输送124药物到至受治疗者。例如,该针可以是中空的,并且可通过针将药物输送124至受治疗者。任选地,一旦注射完成,该装置可以指示注射完成和/或装置可以被移除。任选地,当发生故障时(例如,流体路径阻塞),指示器可以指示已经发生故障和/或注射器必须被移除。在一些实施例中,当注射完成时和/或在某些故障时,针可能缩回。可替代地或附加地,针在输送124后可保持后伸长。
在一些实施例中,在输送124和/或错误和/或当指示这样做后,使用者可从受治疗者的皮肤上移除注射器128。在一些实施例中,当移除注射器128时,针防护件可重新布置130。针保护器的重新布置130可保护针和/或关闭装置。可替代地或附加地,针缩回可以保护针。可替代地或附加地,该装置可在传输124完成后和/或在某些故障时关闭和/或立即禁用。可替代地或附加地,该装置可在传输124完成后和/或在某些故障时的一定时间段之后关闭和/或被禁用。
图2是根据本发明实施例的保护针的方法的流程图。在一些实施例中,给使用者提供有由针帽保护的无菌针的注射器212。任选地,移除针帽214可以便于启动,准备(priming)222和/或该装置的使用。
在一些实施例中,针帽可以保护针免受污染和/或可以禁止准备222,装置的启动和/或装置的使用。例如,当针帽处于保护针的适当位置,针帽可能干扰皮肤传感器的部署216。任选地,直到皮肤传感器被部署216,针驱动器可被禁用。可替代地或附加地,当针帽在针上的适当位置,针帽可以干扰传感器至准备就绪位置的移动222。例如,通过朝外壳和/或装置的基部推动附加物可以触发传感器。例如,当该装置抵靠使用者的皮肤放置220,可以朝基部和/或外壳推动传感器和/或防护件。例如,针帽可能会干扰附加物朝向基部的运动。在一些实施例中,针帽可以互连到粘合剂衬里和/或电池隔离器。任选地,移除针帽可能导致粘合剂衬里从粘合剂剥离和/或电池隔离器的移除。任选地,移除针帽可以有助于将装置(例如其基部和/或皮肤传感器)粘附到注射部位。可替代地或附加地,移除针帽可能会启动该装置。
在一些实施例中,一旦移除针帽214,则可抑制帽返回。例如,移除帽214可以释放传感器以部分地和/或完全地阻挡针孔。在一些实施例中,孔的部分堵塞可能会阻挡将帽返回到针上。
在一些实施例中,将传感器移动至准备就绪位置222可有助于装置的使用。例如,将传感器移动至准备就绪位置222可以解锁针插入开关和/或触发针插入和/或触发药物的排出224。
在一些实施例中,从使用者的皮肤移除注射器228释放和/或重新部署皮肤传感器230。任选地,释放和/或重新部署皮肤传感器230使装置无效230和/或将装置锁定在中立状态(例如具有受保护的针和/或禁止排出的药物)。
注射器装置
图3示出了根据本发明一个实施例的用于保护针的装置的框图。在一些实施例中,针帽与针防护件和/或传感器相互作用。
在一些实施例中,注射器包括皮肤接触表面388,其可移动地连接(例如,经由框架,框架可以是例如外壳的一部分)到针352和/或防护件和/或传感器316。
在一些实施例中,针包括可以移动穿过皮肤接触表面中的任选的孔308的锋利尖端。可替代地或附加地,针尖可相对于穿过的表面388和其边缘移动。
在一些实施例中,针352(例如锋利尖端354)的全部或一部分可以被针帽304包围和/或保护。例如,针帽可以保护尖端354免受物理损坏和/或可保护尖端354免受污染(例如保持尖端354的无菌性)。可替代地或附加地,帽304可以通过覆盖锋利尖端354来抑制尖锐的针刺结果(针刺危险)。
在一些实施例中,防护件和/或传感器316可以防护尖端354以抑制针刺危险。可替代地或附加地,防护件和/或传感器316可以触发和/或抑制注射器的动作。例如,在一些状态中,防护件/传感器316可以抑制装置的启动。任选地,在一些状态中,防护件/传感器可以促进装置的启动和/或使用。例如,当防护件/传感器316处于打开和/或部署状态时,装置可能不起作用和/或针352可能被锁定(例如处于缩回状态)。任选地,当防护件/传感器316处于准备就绪状态时,注射器可能起作用和/或针352可能被释放。在一些状态中,防护件/传感器316可以完全和/或部分地阻挡孔308。
在某些实施例中,可以将防护件/传感器316包括在皮肤接触表面388中。例如,在准备就绪状态下,防护件/传感器316的外表面可以与皮肤接触表面388齐平。任选地,孔308可以穿过防护件/传感器316。
在一些实施例中,帽304可以与防护件/传感器316相互作用。例如,虽然盖304是在针352的适当位置上,但是防护件/传感器316可以阻止和/或干扰防护件/传感器316从打开位置移动到到准备就绪位置和/或部署位置。任选地或附加地,当传感器/防护件316处在防护位置和/或准备就绪位置,帽304的移动可以被抑制。例如,传感器/防护件304可以防止帽304的移除和/或帽304在被移除后的重新插入。
针防护闩
图4A-4E是根据本发明的一个实施例的具有枢转针防护闩的药物输送装置的透视图。在一些实施例中,针防护件可具有完全打开状态(例如,如图4A,图4B和图5B所示),其中,针防护件在不受该装置的孔影响下打开足够大,以允许针帽和/或针帽移除器伸出孔外。在一些实施例中,针防护件可以具有防护状态(例如,如图4D和图4E所示)其中,例如,针防护件防止针尖454的暴露。在一些实施例中,针防护件可以具有准备就绪状态(例如,如图4C所示),其中,设置针防护件以允许针帽尖端454延伸出该装置。
在一些实施例中,在一些状态下的防护件/传感器416可以被包括作为装置的皮肤接触表面的一部分。任选地,在准备就绪状态下,防护件/传感器416的外表面与基部488的外表面齐平。例如,在准备就绪状态下,防护件/传感器416和/或基部488的外表面形成装置的皮肤接触表面。
在一些实施例中,药物输送装置可以包括电源,例如包括电池425。在一些实施例中,药物输送装置可以包括致动器,例如包括DC电机429。在一些实施例中,药物输送装置可以包括传动装置,例如包括活塞驱动器484。在一些实施例中,药物输送装置可以包括电路,例如印刷电路板PCB 427。例如,电路板427可以根据操作程序将电源电连接到状态指示器和/或致动器。当电源电连接到电机429时,电机429任选地转动传动装置484驱动活塞和/或排出药物。任选地,PCB 427可以包括处理器和/或PCB 427可以对一个或多个传感器敏感。可替代地或附加地,PCB 427可以通过物理开关的简单次序(simple order)来工作。任选地,药物药筒可以被安装到装置中(例如预先安装和/或由使用者安装)。在一些实施例中,药筒可以包括筒442和/或被针帽404保护的针452,该筒442任选地含有药物和/或在近端位置用活塞密封件堵塞和/或具有衬套(hub)436。任选地,活塞驱动器484也可以是药筒的一部分。可替代地或附加地,活塞驱动器484可以是输送装置的一部分。
图4A和图4B示出了一个示例性的具有枢转闩的药物输送装置,枢转闩在打开位置是针防护件416。在一些实施例中,在打开位置,针防护件416围绕枢轴449过度旋转例如在75至90之间的角度范围内和/或在75至50之间的角度范围内和/或在50至30度之间的角度范围内,到该装置的基部488的皮肤接触表面。
在一些实施例中,当针防护件416处于打开位置,针盖和/或盖移除器414包围针452(例如,在图4E中示出的针452)。例如,帽可围绕针452的一部分密封,以保护针的无菌性和/或保护针免受污染。可替代地或附加地,帽可以保护针免于物理损坏和/或免于对人和/或其他对象造成损害。任选地,针盖和/或盖移除器414可以抑制针防护件416移动到防护位置和/或准备就绪位置。例如,盖移除器414阻挡和/或干扰防护件416从打开位置移动到防护位置。在一些实施例中,防护件416可被偏置于防护位置。例如,弹簧461可以偏置防护件416。
在一些实施例中,使用者可以通过将针帽移除器414拉离基部488来启动输送装置。例如拉针帽移除器414可以从药筒移除针帽(例如帽404)和/或可以从基部488剥离粘合剂保护器。例如,帽移除器414可以包括手柄415(例如拉环)以便于使用者移除。任选地,当针帽移除器414和/或针帽404被移除时,针防护件416可以摆动到防护位置,而底座(mount)482和/或针尖454保持在缩回状态(例如在图8A中示出的缩回状态和图4D中示出的处在防护状态的针防护件)。任选地,移除针帽移除器和/或移除针帽404和/或将针防护件416枢转到防护位置可触发开关,移除电池隔离器和/或触发传感器以启动输送装置和/或使用者指示器和/或处理器。例如,在防护状态下,针防护件可以与基部488成20至30度之间和/或10至20度之间和/或5至10度之间和/或30至50度范围之间的角度。在一些实施例中,筒442被夹子463保持在装置中。
在一些实施例中,当启动该装置和/或缩回针452和/或针防护件416处于防护位置,基部488可抵靠受治疗者的皮肤放置。基部488抵靠受治疗者的皮肤放置任选地沿背侧方向推防护件416抵靠基部488和/或推入基部488中的孔408。例如,防护件416可以从防护位置移动到准备就绪位置(例如,如图4C所示的防护件416处在准备就绪位置)。在准备就绪位置,在防护件416中的开口417可以与针尖454对齐。任选地,当防护件416处于准备就绪位置和/或基部488抵靠受治疗者的皮肤时,移动底座482和/或筒442和/或针尖454至部署延伸状态,导致针尖454伸出开口417进入受治疗者。例如,针可以通过围绕枢轴448旋转而延伸。任选地,当针尖端454在受治疗者内时,药物被排入受治疗者。
在一些实施例中,在排放开始后,当该装置从受治疗者的皮肤移除时(例如在完成排放之后和/或在故障时和/或由于错误)防护件416枢转回到防护状态(例如,如图4D所示)。任选地,在防护位置,通过闩462和/或锁阻止防护件416返回打开位置。例如,当防护件416已经移动到防护位置和/或缩回状态和/或准备就绪状态,闩462锁在防护件416的附加物548上。
在一些实施例中,针防护件可以连接至多个偏置元件。例如,弹簧461将防护件416偏置于防护位置和/或准备就绪位置(例如朝向基部488)。附加地或可替代地,可以存在第二偏置元件(例如在附加物458的路径中的弹簧片和/或闩462和/或螺旋弹簧)。在防止第二偏置元件返回打开位置后(例如在附加物458通过闩562被锁定后),第二偏置元件任选地接合防护件416。任选地,第二偏置元件远离基部488偏置防护件,例如至防护位置。
在一些实施例中,枢轴449是使针尖454能够通过开口417前进的开关。例如,防护件416被向外偏置到防护位置。施加于防护件416的向内压力使防护件416围绕枢轴449旋转至准备就绪位置和/或使针尖454能够穿过开口417。
在一些实施例中,当防护件416处于防护位置,开口417不与针尖454对准和/或通过防护件416防止针尖454的暴露。任选地,当防护件416处于防护位置和/或准备就绪位置,它完全和/或部分阻挡孔408和/或防止更换针帽404和/或盖移除器414。可替代地或附加地,当防护件416返回防护位置(例如在处于准备就绪位置后),可以触发开关和/或传感器,设置该装置进入后注射(post injection)状态和/或停工装置(inactivating)和/或停止排放(例如,如果过早移除该装置)和/或启动警报(例如,如果装置故障和/或被过早移除)。在一些实施例中,当针452伸出时,阻止防护件416返回至准备就绪位置。
图5A和图5B是根据本发明的一个实施例的具有伸长闩的药物输送装置的透视图,该伸长闩是伸长的针防护件516。在一些实施例中,处于打开位置(例如,如图5A所示)针防护件516不会围绕枢轴549过度旋转。任选地,防护件516和基部488的皮肤接触表面之间的角度在防护位置和打开位置是相同的。通过将延长部519伸入针的延长路径和/或针帽的路径和/或针的路径和/或针帽移除器的路径,防护件516任选地从打开状态移动到防护状态。一旦延伸部519伸长,其可以在位置锁定和/或防止针的暴露和/或防止更换针帽和/或防止更换针帽移除器414。任选地,防护件516具有准备就绪位置,其允许针延伸。例如,通过延伸部519伸长,可以将防护件516推向基部488到达准备就绪位置,在准备就绪位置开口与针对准。在一些实施例中,通过延伸部519处于伸长位置,防护件516可以具有如上所述相同的几何形状和/或功能性,例如相对于防护件416(例如,在图4A-4D中和其附带说明)。
针和/或针帽的运动
图6A-6D是根据本发明的一个实施例的具有非线性运动和防护件的注射器的示意图。在一些实施例中,针防护件和/或传感器可能干扰针和/或针盖的移动。
在一些实施例中,运动轨迹可以是线性的(例如当针652和/或帽604移动时,纵轴可以保持不变)或弯曲的(例如当针652和/或帽604移动,纵轴方向可能会改变)。在一些实施例中,帽604和/或针652的轨迹可以重合和/或它们可以不同。
在一些实施例中,第一物体(例如针防护件和/或传感器)可以通过占据该物体将要运动到的空间(例如,在图5A中,帽移除器414占据了防护件延伸部519在防护状态(例如,如图5B所示)运动至其的空间)来干扰第二物体(例如针和/或帽)的运动。可替代地或附加地,第一物体(例如针防护件和/或传感器)可以通过阻挡运动轨迹来干扰第二物体(例如针和/或帽)的运动。例如,在图6A中,处于防护位置的防护件616阻挡用于移除帽604的轨迹。
图6A示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的处于非启动状态的注射器的实施例。在一些实施例中,注射器包括与中空针652流体连通的药物储存器642(例如,如图6B所示)。任选地,注射器以非启动状态提供给使用者。例如,在非启动状态下,针652可以被帽604覆盖。任选地,针652和/或帽604可以是直的和/或轴向对称的。例如,在覆盖状态下,针652和帽604是同轴的。任选地,注射器包括最初处于防护位置的针防护件616。在防护位置,防护件616任选地阻挡注射区域691(如在图6A-6D的虚线框所示出的)开口端(例如下表面)。
图6B和6C示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的处于启动状态的注射器。例如,使用者可以通过将防护件616移动到启动位置(例如,如图6B所示)来启动注射器。例如,可以围绕枢轴648旋转防护件616至启动位置。任选地,在启动位置中,防护件616可以使注射区691和/或路径693(例如图6B的虚线箭头所示出的)无障碍以移除针帽604。例如,轨迹693可以是笔直的和/或平行的和/或与针652的纵轴同轴。任选地,轨迹693穿过注射区691。在一些实施例中,在防护位置(例如,如图6A所示的示例),防护件616阻挡轨道693和/或干扰帽604的移除。
在一些实施例中,可以将针652插入注射区域691中。任选地,针的锋利尖端的轨迹694(例如图6C中的虚线所示的)可以不沿着直线。例如,可通过围绕枢轴648旋转将针652插入注射区域691。任选地,针652的尖端遵循弯曲的轨迹694,例如弧。
图6D示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的在注射之后处于锁定状态的注射器。在一些实施例中,针防护件616可以返回到防护状态,例如在药物排出结束时和/或当从注射位置移除注射器时。例如,防护件可以回到防护状态以保护针652免于针刺危险。
图7A-7D是根据本发明的一个实施例的具有线性运动的注射器和防护件的示意图。在一些实施例中,针防护件和/或传感器可能干扰针和/或针盖的运动。
图7A示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的处于非启动状态的注射器的实施例。在一些实施例中,注射器包括与中空针652流体连通的药物储存器742(例如,如图7B所示)。任选地,注射器以非启动状态提供给使用者。任选地,注射器包括最初处于防护位置的针防护件716。在防护位置,防护件716任选地阻挡注射区域691(例如,由图7A-7D中的虚线框所示)的开口端(例如下表面)。
图7B和图7C示出了根据本发明一个实施例的处于启动状态的注射器。例如,使用者可以通过将防护件716移动到启动位置(例如,如图7B所示)来启动注射器。例如,可以围绕枢轴648旋转防护件716至启动位置。任选地,在启动位置,防护件716可以使注射区域691和/或轨迹793无障碍(例如,由图7B中的虚线箭头所示)以移除针帽604。
在一些实施例中,针652可以插入注射区域691。任选地,针的锋利尖端的轨迹794(例如由图7C中的虚线所示的)可以不沿着直线。在一些实施例中,针652刚性地连接到储存器742和/或和储存器742一起移动。可替代地或附加地,针可以通过柔性构件和/或接头连接到储存器和/或可以独立于储存器移动。例如,针可以通过柔性管连接到储存器。
图7D示出了根据本发明的一个实施例在注射之后处于锁定状态的注射器。在一些实施例中,在锁定状态下,针防护件716可以回到防护状态,例如以保护针652免受针刺危险。
图8A-8E示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的具有传感器的注射器。在一些实施例中,可以根据传感器的状态来切换注射器的状态。任选地,传感器与针帽相互作用。例如,当放置注射器在使用者的皮肤上时,可以刺激和/或移动皮肤传感器。针帽可以阻挡传感器的刺激和/或干扰传感器的移动。
图8A和8B是根据本发明的一个实施例的处于初始状态的注射器的透视图和剖视图(分别)。任选地,在初始状态下,该装置未被启动。在一些实施例中,注射器800可包括一个或多个帽拔出器件814,其干扰皮肤传感器816的运动。例如,在非启动状态下,传感器816可以远离注射器800的顶部外壳882a和/或下部外壳882b延伸。任选地,注射器800准备就绪和/或使传感器816朝向外壳882a,882b折叠而启动。在一些实施例中,帽拔出器件814干扰传感器816朝外壳882a,882b的运动。
在一些实施例中,传感器816通过围绕枢轴849旋转朝外壳882a,882b移动。拔出器件814任选地配合传感器816,使得传感器816的旋转移动拔出器件814。反过来,拔出器件814任选地刚性附接到针帽404和/或针452和/或储存器442的颈部436和/或外壳882a,这可以抑制拔出器件814的运动。抑制拔出器件814的运动任选地抑制传感器816的旋转和/或抑制注射器800的启动,准备和/或使用者。
在一些实施例中,帽404和/或拔出器件814可以相对于传感器816纵向移动,例如沿着针452的轴线。例如,帽404和/或拔出器件814可通过在传感器816中一个开口(例如图8C的开口817)配合。任选地,帽404和/或拔出器件814通过远离装置的线性运动而被移除。任选地,从注射器800移除帽404和/或拔出器件814可促进装置启动和/或准备。在一些实施例中,帽拔出器件814可以连接至手柄,例如拉环415。手柄可以便于使用者移除拔出器件814和/或帽404。
在一些实施例中,传感器可以包括皮肤接触表面。任选地,皮肤接触表面可以包括粘合剂874。例如,粘合剂874可以将传感器816附着到注射部位附近的使用者的皮肤上。任选地,手柄415和/或拉环814和/或帽404附接到粘合剂衬里876,使得帽404的移除使衬里876从粘合剂874剥离。在一些实施例中,外壳882b,882b可以包括皮肤接触表面和/或粘合剂。衬里876也可以保护外壳882a,882b的粘合剂和/或随着移除帽404从外壳882a,882b剥离。可替代地或附加地,可以将开关和/或电池隔离器连接到手柄415和/或拉环814和/或帽404,使得移除帽404就移除电池隔离器和/或触发开关。
图8C示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的针帽移除了的注射器的截面图。在一些实施例中,移除针帽包括从粘合剂表面(例如皮肤接触表面)剥离衬里。任选地,移除针帽404可以启动注射器800。例如,CPU可以被启动和/或自测和/或定时器可以被启动。例如,在图8C中,在启动状态下,传感器816远离外壳882b部署。任选地,传感器816互连到启动开关。例如,启动开关可以包括针插按钮870。例如,当传感器816处于部署状态时,锁定针插按钮和/或禁止针插入。
图8D示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的具有处于折叠状态的皮肤传感器的注射器。在一些实施例中,注射器800可以通过将传感器朝外壳882b折叠和/或进入孔808而使得注射器800准备。例如,通过将传感器816抵靠注射部位(例如在使用者的皮肤上)放置和/或附接传感器816至注射部位和/或朝传感器816和/或朝注射部位推动外壳882a,882b,可将传感器816折叠。任选地,当传感器816折叠时装置准备。任选地,当装置准备就绪时,针插开关870未锁,允许和/或促进针插入。可替代地或附加地,传感器816的折叠可触发针插入。
图8E示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的处于启动状态注射器的截面图。例如,当注射器800处于准备就绪状态时,使用者可以按下针插按钮870。按下按钮870任选地触发插入驱动器。例如,驱动器可能会导致上外壳882a相对于下外壳,围绕枢轴848旋转。旋转可将针尖454插入穿过在外壳882b中的孔808和/或穿过在传感器816中的开口817进入使用者的皮肤的注射区域。可替代地或附加地,可以通过线性运动插入针。可替代地或附加地,可以通过传感器816的折叠直接触发针插入驱动器。可替代地或另外,针插入可以是手动的(例如,使用者施加对按钮870和/或上外壳882a施加的压力可推动针尖454进入皮肤)。
在一些实施例中,在药物输送后和/或从使用者的皮肤移除装置808后,针尖454可受到保护。例如针452可缩回到外壳882a,882b和/或针防护件可被部署(deployed)以防护针尖454。
在一些实施例中,在一些状态中,传感器816与装置的基部平齐和/或形成装置的皮肤接触表面的一部分。任选地,在收缩状态下,外表面传感器816与下外壳882b平齐。例如,传感器816的外表面和下外壳882b可以形成装置的皮肤接触表面。
在一些实施例中,枢轴849是使针尖454能够穿过开口817前进的开关。例如,防护件816被向外偏置至防护位置。抵靠防护件816的向内压力导致防护件816围绕枢轴849旋转至待发位置和/或使针尖854能够穿过开口817。
图9A-9C是根据本发明的一个实施例的针防护件的示意图。在一些实施例中,针防护件可以相对于注射针线性移动。任选地,针帽可能会干扰针防护件的移动。例如,移除针帽可以允许、促进和/或触发防护件的运动。在一些实施例中,针防护件可以包括大开口,其尺寸和形状使得针帽能够穿过其中。可替代地或附加地,当针帽在针上时,防护件可以移动到旁边和/或针帽可以通过经由防护件的边缘。在一些实施例中,针帽可以包括小开口,其尺寸和形状使得针从其通过。
图9A示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的具有受针盖保护的针的注射器的示意图。在一些实施例中,保护注射装置的针的针盖604和/或盖移除器可以穿过装置的针防护件916中的孔917b而突出。例如,孔917b的大小可以允许盖604穿过其中。例如,盖604可通过沿盖604和/或针452的纵轴线性平移穿过其中(如图9B中所示)。任选地,在保护位置,盖604和/或盖移除器干扰防护件916的移动。
在一些实施例中,防护件916可通过将针盖604拉力注射器而被释放。例如,可沿图9A中的箭头方向将盖604从注射器拉开。
图9B示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的移除了针帽的注射器的示意图。任选地,当帽604被移除时,防护件916可自由平移。例如,比较图9A和图9B,可以看出防护件916已经侧向平移,使得较小的孔917a与针452对齐和/或较大的孔917b不再与针452的轴对齐。任选地,孔917a对于针452足够大以使得穿过其中,但是对于帽604而言太小而不能穿过其中。
图9B示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的处于启动状态的注射器的示意图。例如,在启动状态下,针452伸出孔917a。任选地,防护件916的外表面包括皮肤接触表面和/或粘合剂以粘附至使用者的注射区域。例如,针452可以伸入使用者的皮肤中和/或药物可以在皮肤下排出。
在一些实施例中,在药物排出之后,针452可以被保护。例如储存器742和/或针452可以缩回防护件916后面(例如图9C中的上述防护件916)。任选地或附加地,防护件916可以向外移动(例如,线性地和/或通过旋转)以防护针452。
药物输送装置的示例性尺寸
在一些实施例中,储存器(例如注射筒)的有效载荷(payload)可以包括,例如0.5至2ml间和/或2至4ml间和/或4至6ml间和/或4至10ml间的药物和/或更多。在一些实施例中,注射器可以将整个有效载荷作为单剂量排出。药物输送装置可以包括,例如,贴片注射器(patch injector)和/或内部供能的驱动器以驱动活塞和/或排出有效载荷。为了该应用,内部供能的注射器驱动器可以被定义为由至少暂时存储在注射器内的能量供应的驱动机构。电力可以存储在电源中,例如作为化学势(potential)(例如产生膨胀气体的化学制品和/或电池)和/或机械势(例如储存在弹性构件和/或弹簧和/或加压气体中)。例如,驱动器可以被设计成在20至120秒之间和/或120至600秒之间和/或600秒至1小时之间和/或1小时至1天之间的时间段和/或更长时间内排出有效载荷。
在注射器的一些实施例中,通过旋转刚性连接针的药筒来将针插入到受治疗者中。任选地,双重运动枢转组件使针插入点在装置基部的平面内保持固定。例如,枢转元件可在旋转时滑动,从而保持患者皮肤上的插入位置固定。可替代地或附加地,双重运动枢转可以包括凸轮和/或伸长杠杆臂。例如,枢转运动可以在7至9度和/或4至7度和/或2至4度和/或9至15度和/或15至30度的角度之上。滑动运动可以任选地抵消由于旋转引起的受治疗者皮肤平面中针刺位置的水平运动。例如,针的水平移动可能会在针上产生负载,从而可能导致插入区域周围的泄漏。任选地,双重运动枢转组件将阻止针的水平运动和/或插入位置和/或针上减轻的负载。任选地,针的纵向移动可以在7.5至8mm之间和/或6至7.5mm之间和/或2至6mm之间和/或8至10mm之间和/或10至15mm之间和/或15至50mm之间的范围内。在一些实施例中,针插入件的水平移动可以例如在0到0.4mm和/或0.4至0.8mm和/或0.8至2mm之间的范围内。双重运动枢转组件的水平运动(例如,凸轮臂的伸长和/或枢转点的滑动)任选地补偿水平运动。例如,双重运动枢转组件的水平运动可以与针插入位置的水平运动具有相同的顺序,例如在0至0.4mm和/或0.4至0.8mm和/或0.8至2mm之间的范围内。根据本发明的精神,可以使用各种机构来保持针插入位置固定,例如伸长臂和/或伸长底座和/或伸长杆和/或轨道(例如线性轨道)和/或凸轮。
在一些实施例中,可以将装置预编程以在启动后在物质开始输送之前等待确定延迟时间,范围在2至20分钟和/或20分钟至1小时和/或1小时至6小时和/或6小时至2天之间。任选地,时间延迟的时长可以是装置的温度敏感部件达到优选工作温度的估计时间。例如,温度敏感组件可以包括药物和/或电池。
在一些实施例中,排放可以由驱动器驱动。内部供能的驱动器可以由多个机构供能,包括例如电机(包括例如DC电机、致动器、无刷电机)和/或变速器(包括例如套管组件和/或螺纹元件和/或齿轮和/或联轴器和/或弹性机构(例如弹簧和/或橡皮圈)和/或膨胀气体和/或液压致动器)。
根据本发明的一些实施例的药物输送装置可以包括储存器。例如,储存器可以包括药物容器和/或注射筒。任选地,注射筒可以使用标准设备和/或在无菌室中预装载药物。预装载的注射筒可以任选地包括近侧开口。活塞可以任选地密封近侧开口和/或保护注射筒内容物的无菌性。无菌针(例如空心针)可以任选地连接至注射筒的筒体上。例如,针的中空部可以与筒的内部流体连通。针可以任选地刚性地附接至筒的远端处的衬套。针的全部和/或部分的无菌性可以例如由无菌盖保护。当注射筒被提供和/或被安装到注射器中时,无菌盖可以保持在针上。例如,药物容器可以任选地包括刚性连接至针的圆柱形筒。在一些实施例中,活塞可沿筒的内侧轴向滑动以排出药物有效载荷。例如,药物可以通过中空针排出。针的突出尖端可以定向为对于筒的轴线成一定角度。
基部的纵横比可以定义为基部的最长轴线的长度与最短轴线的长度之比。任选地,该轴比可以在1至1.5和/或1.5至2和/或2至3之间和/或大于3的范围内。在一些实施例中,注射器的高度可以在基部短轴长度的一半和基部的短轴长度之间和/或基部的短轴长度与基部的短轴长度的两倍之间和/或大于基部短轴长度的两倍。注射器的顶点可提供杠杆作用,用于在使用后枢转粘合剂脱离患者的皮肤。
在一些实施例中,将针插入到患者皮肤的力可以在例如0.02至0.2N和/或0.2至0.5N之间和/或0.5至5N之间的范围内。任选地,注射药物所需的力(例如注射筒活塞上的力)可以在例如5至60N之间的范围内。例如,注射药物所需的力可以取决于注射速率和/或药物的粘度和/或注射筒的几何形状和/或针的尺寸。
在一些实施例中,针保护机构可以由大于例如10至60N之间的线性力来触发。
例如,药物输送装置可以包括自动注射器。可以用足够的力量手动推动而启动自动注射器以插入针。然后该装置可以施加注射力以注射药物。一旦全部药物被注射和/或当存在阻塞和/或闭塞时,注射力可以增加直至其经过触发针的安全防护和/或结束注射的阈值。
例如,如果发生阻塞和/或在输送结束时,装置产生的线性力可能增加到高达60N的水平。针安全防护机构(例如针缩回机构)可能对力灵敏。例如,机构可能包括卡扣,其在40N时提供方式使针返回至缩回位置。
在一些实施例中,注射药物和/或触发针的安全防护的应力可以包括扭矩。例如,可能由活塞驱动注射药物。活塞任选地可以由螺纹组件,例如螺纹螺钉和/或齿和/或套管组件驱动。任选地,齿和/或相关螺钉的距离(pitch)可以在例如0.5至2mm之间的范围内。螺钉的直径可在例如2.5至15mm之间的范围内。用于注射供应的扭矩可以在例如0.2至1.0N*cm之间的范围内。触发扭矩(触发针安全防护的扭矩)可以在例如0.5至2和/或2至4和/或4至10N*cm之间的范围内。
在一些实施例中,安全机构可以包括范围在5至15mm之间的线性移动。例如,安全机构的运动可以包括在针的插入和/或缩回和/或安全防护件的延伸和/或安全防护件的缩回期间针的延伸。任选地,针插入长度(例如插入患者体内的针的长度)可以在例如3至12mm之间的范围内。
在注射期间,活塞的线性运动可以在例如10-50mm之间的范围内。活塞运动的长度可以例如随着要注射的药物的体积而变化,其可以在例如0.5至3ml之间范围内。
在一些实施例中,安全防护机构可能对扭矩灵敏。例如,当机构接触扭矩时,针可以缩回。任选地,可以由扭矩驱动排放。例如,驱动器可以将扭矩施加到推动活塞的螺纹元件。当驱动器上的扭矩达到阈值时,针可以被释放和/或缩回和/或针防护件可以被部署。可替代地或附加地,触发机构可能同时要求扭矩和线性力。例如,同时要求扭矩和线性应力可以防止由于瞬间摩擦造成的过早启动。
在一些实施例中,排放的时间可以变动,可取决于填充体积和/或粘度,例如预期的注射速度可以是取决于粘度的注射速度,例如对于从1cp至15cp的粘度范围,预期的注射范围可以在30至40秒/1ml之间的范围内,例如对于从15cp至60cp的粘度范围,预期的注射速率可以在35至60秒/1ml之间的范围内,对于60cp以上的粘度,预期注射速率可以在53至67秒/1ml之间的范围内。例如,最长和/或最短预期注射时间可以是最大和/或最小允许填充体积除以注射速率。
例如,预期的排放时间可以在例如24至48秒之间的范围内(例如对于在0.8至1.2ml之间具有粘度范围在1至15cp之间的流体)和/或在36至68秒之间的范围内(例如对于在1.2至1.7ml之间具有粘度范围在1至15cp之间的流体)和/或在51至92秒之间的范围内(例如对于在1.7至2.3ml之间具有粘度范围在1至15cp之间的流体)和/或在70至150秒之间的范围内(例如对于在2.0至2.5ml之间具有粘度在15至40cp之间的流体)和/或在120秒至3分钟之间的范围内(对于较大体积和/或粘度)。在一些实施例中,注射时间可能更长。注射时间的长度可以由除了粘度和/或体积之外的原因来决定。
在一些实施例中,储存器可具有例如在20至42和/或42至48mm和/或48至80mm和/或80至200mm范围内的长度。在一些实施例中,储存器的内部圆柱形空间可以具有例如在1至3mm和/或3至10和/或10至15mm和/或15至25mm和/或25至50mm范围内的平均宽度。任选地,储存器可以具有圆形横截面,使得宽度是圆的直径。在一些实施例中,衬套可具有长度范围在例如1至3mm和/或3至7mm和/或7至8和/或8至10mm和/或10至15mm和/或15至50mm之间的直端部。在一些实施例中,伸出衬套的针的直部可具有例如在1至5mm和/或5至7mm和/或7至10mm和/或10至20mm之间的长度范围。在一些实施例中,衬套可具有用于针帽的密封环。密封环可具有例如在0.1至0.6mm和/或0.6至1mm和/或1至2.5mm和/或2.5至3mm和/或3至6mm和/或6至15mm之间的长度范围。在一些实施例中,密封环可具有长度范围例如在0.5至1.5mm和/或1.5至2.5mm和/或2.5至5mm和/或5至10mm之间的内部空腔。在一些实施例中,密封环可具有例如在1至4mm和/或4至5mm和/或5至10mm和/或10至20mm之间的范围内的外部平均宽度,其也可以是平均外径。在一些实施例中,密封环可具有例如在1至3mm和/或3至4mm和/或4至10mm和/或10至18mm之间的范围内的内部平均宽度,其也可以是平均内径。在一些实施例中,衬套可具有平均宽度的颈部(未包括密封环),平均宽度可以是例如在1至3mm和/或3至4mm和/或4至8mm和/或8至16mm之间范围内的平均直径。任选地,颈部可具有不均匀横截面(例如I横梁(beam)和/或十字形横截面)和/或锥形横截面。对于不均匀横截面,平均外部宽度将被定义为可以包围颈部的最小椭圆的宽度,其平均超过颈部的长度。在一些实施例中,在衬套和储存器腔之间的流体路径可以包括27号针和/或范围在25到30号之间的针和/或范围在20到25号之间的针和/或范围在30到32号之间的针。在一些实施例中,从衬套突出的针可以包括27号针和/或范围在25至30号之间的针和/或范围在20至25号之间的针和/或范围在30至32号之间的针。
预计在本申请的专利期限内,将开发许多相关技术和/或材料,并且术语的范围旨在包括所有这些新技术和材料。
如本文所用的术语“约”,“接近”和“基本上”是指±5%。
术语“包括”、“包括有”、“包含”、“包含于”、“具有”及其结合意味着“包括但不限于”。
术语“由...组成”表示“包括并限于”。
术语“基本上由...组成”是指组合物、方法或结构可以包括附加的成分、步骤和/或部件,但仅指附加成分、步骤和/或部件不会实质上改变要求保护的组合物、方法或结构的基本特征和新颖特征。
如本文所用,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式“一”,“一个”和“该”包括复数指代。例如,术语“一种化合物”或“至少一种化合物”可以包括多种化合物,包括它们的混合物。
贯穿本申请,本发明的各种实施例可以以范围格式呈现。应该强调的是,范围格式的描述仅仅是为了方便和简洁,并且不应该被解释为对本发明范围的固定限制。因此,范围的描述应被视为具体公开了所有可能的子范围以及该范围内的单个数值。例如,诸如从1到6范围的描述应该被认为具有特定公开的子范围,诸如从1到3,从1到4,从1到5,2至4,从2至6,从3至6等,以及该范围内的单个数字,例如1,2,3,4,5和6。这适用于所有范围的幅度。
无论何时,本文指示的数值范围,其意图包括在所指示的范围内的任何参考数字(分数或整数)。在本文中可互换地使用短语“在第一指示数字和第二指示数字之间/范围之间”以及“范围/范围从第一指示数字到第二指示数字”,并且意在包括第一指示数字和第二指示数字以及它们之间的所有分数和整数。
应该认识到,为了清楚起见,在单独实施例的上下文中描述的本发明的某些特征也可以在单个实施例中组合提供。相反地,为了简洁起见,在单个实施例的上下文中描述的本发明的各种特征也可以单独地或以任何合适的子组合或者在本发明的任何其他描述的实施例中合适地提供。除非实施例在没有那些元件的情况下不起作用,否则在各种实施例的上下文中描述的某些特征不被认为是那些实施例的必要特征。
虽然已经结合其具体实施例描述了本发明,但对于本领域技术人员而言,许多替代、修改和变化将是显而易见的。因此,旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求的精神和广泛范围内的所有这些替代、修改和变化。
本说明书中提及的所有出版物、专利和专利申请在此通过引用整体并入本说明书,其程度如同每个单独的出版物、专利或专利申请被具体和单独地指出通过引用并入本文。另外,本申请中任何参考文献的引用或标识不应被解释为承认这种参考文献可作为本发明的现有技术。在使用章节标题的范围内,不应将其解释为限制。
Claims (40)
1.一种具有针刺保护器的注射器,其特征在于,包括:
框架,所述框架具有皮肤接触表面并在所述皮肤接触表面中限定孔;
针,所述针具有被构造成通过所述孔前进的尖锐点;
针保护器,所述针保护器可移除地安装在所述针上;以及
刺保护器,所述刺保护器可移动地附接在所述框架上并偏置地靠所述针保护器,在所述针保护器移除时,所述刺保护器可移动至防护位置,阻挡所述针的尖锐点的暴露并防止所述针伸出所述框架。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注射器,其特征在于,还包括手柄,所述手柄用于将所述针保护器从所述针上拉开,由此释放所述刺保护器以移动到防护所述针的所述尖锐点的所述防护位置。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的注射器,其特征在于,所述针保护器穿过所述孔突出。
4.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的注射器,其特征在于,所述偏置导致所述刺保护器悬于所述孔上。
5.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的注射器,其特征在于,还包括:
药物储存器,所述药物储存器与所述针流体连通,且具有平行于所述皮肤接触表面的长轴。
6.根据权利要求5所述的注射器,其特征在于,所述针刚性地附接到所述药物储存器。
7.根据权利要求6所述的注射器,其特征在于,所述针的纵轴在其尖端相对于所述药物储存器的长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
8.根据权利要求7所述的注射器,其特征在于,所述药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且所述长轴是所述孔的纵轴。
9.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的注射器,其特征在于,所述针是无菌的,并且所述针保护器保护所述针的无菌性。
10.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的注射器,其特征在于,所述皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
11.一种用于自动注射器的针保护系统,其特征在于,包括:
框架,所述框架包括具有孔的皮肤接触表面;
无菌针,所述无菌针包括在其远端部分上的尖端,在所述针与所述框架之间限定使所述尖端穿过所述孔前进运动路径的连接件;
针保护器,所述针保护器可移除地附接到所述针上,所述针保护器可沿着轨迹从所述针移除,轨迹由沿着所述针的所述远端部分的轴线滑动所述针保护器而限定;以及
防护件,所述防护件连接到所述框架,所述防护件在阻塞所述路径和所述轨迹的部署位置和清除所述路径和所述轨迹的打开位置和阻挡所述轨迹并清除所述路径的准备就绪位置之间是可移动的。
12.根据权利要求11所述的系统,其特征在于,所述针保护器阻止所述尖端污染。
13.根据权利要求11所述的系统,其特征在于,所述防护件连接到所述针保护器,使得移除所述针保护器导致所述防护件从所述打开位置移动到所述防护位置。
14.根据权利要求13所述的系统,其特征在于,当所述防护件处于所述防护位置时,所述防护件阻挡所述保护器的更换。
15.根据权利要求11-14任一所述的系统,其特征在于,还包括:
针驱动器,所述针驱动器构造成控制所述针的尖端的所述前进,并且其中所述防护件与所述针驱动器互连以当所述防护件处于所述防护位置时防止所述前进。
16.根据权利要求11-14任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述防护件包括枢转地安装到所述框架的闩。
17.根据权利要求11-14任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述防护件包括足够大的针开口,以允许所述针的尖端穿过,但小于所述孔,其中,在所述准备就绪位置,所述针对准穿过所述针开口。
18.根据权利要求17所述的系统,其特征在于,在所述防护位置,所述针与所述针开口未对齐。
19.根据权利要求17所述的系统,其特征在于,在所述准备就绪位置,所述防护件与所述框架齐平。
20.根据权利要求11-14任一所述的针保护系统,其特征在于,还包括:
药物储存器,所述药物储存器与所述针流体连通并具有平行于所述皮肤接触表面的长轴。
21.根据权利要求20所述的系统,其特征在于,所述无菌针刚性地附接到所述药物储存器。
22.根据权利要求21所述的系统,其特征在于,所述针的纵轴在所述尖端处相对于所述药物储存器的长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
23.根据权利要求22所述的系统,其特征在于,所述药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且所述长轴是所述孔的纵轴。
24.根据权利要求11-14任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
25.一种用于自动注射器的针保护系统,其特征在于,包括:
框架,所述框架包括具有孔的皮肤接触表面;
针,所述针包括尖端,所述针可移动地连接到所述框架,以使所述尖端前进穿过所述孔;
锁,所述锁与所述针相互连接以控制所述尖端的前进;
针保护器,所述针保护器可拆卸地连接所述针;所述针保护器可沿着轨迹从所述针移除,所述轨迹由所述针保护器沿着所述针的轴线的滑动限定;以及
刺保护器,所述刺保护器与所述锁相互连接并连接到所述框架以在两个位置之间移动:
关闭位置,在所述关闭位置,所述刺保护器阻挡移除所述针保护器的所述轨迹;
打开位置,在所述打开位置,所述刺保护器固定所述锁以防止所述前进。
26.根据权利要求25所述的针保护系统,其特征在于,所述针保护器穿过所述孔突出。
27.根据权利要求25-26任一所述的针保护系统,其特征在于,还包括:
药物储存器,所述药物储存器与所述针流体连通并具有平行于所述皮肤接触表面的长轴。
28.根据权利要求27所述的系统,其特征在于,所述针刚性地附接到所述药物储存器。
29.根据权利要求28所述的系统,其特征在于,所述针的纵轴在所述尖端处相对于所述药物储存器的长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
30.根据权利要求29所述的系统,其特征在于,所述药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且所述长轴是所述孔的纵轴。
31.根据权利要求25-26任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述针是无菌的,并且所述针保护器保护所述针的无菌性。
32.根据权利要求25-26任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
33.一种用于保护可穿戴药物输送装置的针的系统,其特征在于,包括:
所述药物输送装置的外表面,包括皮肤接触表面,所述皮肤接触表面包括至少一个限定开口的开口部分;
药物储存器,所述药物储存器与所述针流体连通并具有一长轴,该长轴平行于选自所述皮肤接触表面的所述开口部分和所述皮肤接触表面的另一部分中的至少一个表面;
针驱动器,所述针驱动器连接到所述针并且可移动地安装到所述皮肤接触表面的所述开口部分,用于使所述针的尖端前进穿过所述开口并且从所述皮肤接触表面向外;
开关,所述开关互连在所述针驱动器和所述皮肤接触表面的所述开口部分之间;所述开关响应所述装置外表面上的向内压力而能够使所述针的尖端前进;以及
针帽,所述针帽抑制所述开关,其中,从所述针移除所述针帽使所述开关工作。
34.根据权利要求33所述的系统,其特征在于,在所述药物输送期间,所述开口部分与所述另一部分齐平。
35.根据权利要求33-34任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述针是无菌的并且所述针帽保护所述针的无菌性。
36.根据权利要求33-34任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述开关从所述药物设备的所述外表面向外偏置。
37.根据权利要求33-34任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述针刚性地连接到所述药物储存器。
38.根据权利要求37所述的系统,其特征在于,所述针的纵向轴线在所述尖端处相对于所述药物储存器的所述长轴以30至150度之间的角度定向。
39.根据权利要求33-34任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述药物储存器包括圆柱形孔并且所述长轴是所述孔的纵轴。
40.根据权利要求33-34任一所述的系统,其特征在于,所述皮肤接触表面包括粘合剂。
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