WO2013115205A1 - 発電機リム用熱延鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
発電機リム用熱延鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013115205A1 WO2013115205A1 PCT/JP2013/051956 JP2013051956W WO2013115205A1 WO 2013115205 A1 WO2013115205 A1 WO 2013115205A1 JP 2013051956 W JP2013051956 W JP 2013051956W WO 2013115205 A1 WO2013115205 A1 WO 2013115205A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1261—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot-rolled steel sheet having a yield strength YS of 700 MPa or more and a method for producing the hot-rolled steel sheet, and particularly to a hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in magnetic properties suitable for generator rims such as hydroelectric power generation and its It relates to a manufacturing method.
- a generator such as a hydroelectric generator includes a rotor and a stator, and the rotor includes a pole core that serves as an iron core and a rim that supports the pole core. To make the power generation capacity, it is necessary to rotate the rotor at high speed.
- the rim is required to maintain a high strength in order to withstand high-speed centrifugal force, and a hot-rolled steel sheet having a yield strength of 550 MPa class has been mainly used.
- a hot-rolled steel sheet having a yield strength of 550 MPa class has been mainly used.
- the rim steel plate at the same time, it is required to retain excellent magnetic properties.
- Patent Document 1 C: 0.02% or more and 0.10% or less, Si: 2.0% or less, Mn: 0.5% or more and 2.0% by weight%
- P 0.08% or less
- S 0.006% or less
- N 0.005% or less
- Al 0.01% or more and 0.1% or less
- Ti 0.06% or more
- 0.0. 3% or less and 0.50 ⁇ (Ti-3.43N-1.5S) / 4C containing Ti the area ratio of the low-temperature transformation product and pearlite is 15% or less
- polygonal ferrite Describes a hot-rolled steel sheet having a microstructure in which TiC is dispersed.
- Patent Document 1 states that one or more of Nb, Mo, V, Zr, Cr, Ni, Ca and the like may be contained in the hot-rolled steel sheet.
- bainitic flights with a high dislocation density are likely to be generated, and the magnetic characteristics are likely to deteriorate.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method for producing a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet having a high magnetic flux density.
- the technique described in Patent Document 2 is weight%, C: 0.05% or more and 0.15% or less, Si: 0.50% or less, Mn: 0.70% or more and 2.00% or less, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.010% or less, sol.
- the technique described in Patent Document 2 has a yield strength YS of 80 kg / mm 2 (785 MPa) or more, a tensile strength TS of 100 kg / mm 2 (980 MPa) or more, and a magnetic flux density B 100 of 1.77 T. It is said that a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet having a high magnetic flux density is obtained.
- B is always included for improving the hardenability, and is rapidly cooled after hot rolling. For this reason, since it becomes easy to produce
- Patent Document 3 describes a method for producing a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet having a high magnetic flux density.
- the technique described in Patent Document 3 is, by weight ratio, C: 0.02% to 0.06%, Si: 0.10% or less, Mn: 0.3% to 1.2%, S: A steel slab containing 0.02% or less, Al: 0.10% or less, N: 0.01% or less, Ti: 0.05% or more and 0.30% or less is heated to 1200 ° C. or more, and the Ar3 transformation point
- This is a method for producing a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet, which is hot-rolled at a finish rolling temperature in the range of 900 ° C. or lower and wound in a temperature range of 500% or higher and 650 ° C.
- the technique described in Patent Document 3 is a high-tensile hot-rolled steel sheet having a high magnetic flux density having a tensile strength TS of 50 kg / mm 2 (490 MPa) and a magnetic flux density B 100 of 1.8 T or more. It is supposed to be obtained.
- the technique described in Patent Document 3 reduces the Si content to 0.10% or less and secures a desired high strength by precipitation strengthening with Ti carbide.
- bainitic ferrite having a high dislocation density is likely to be generated, and magnetic characteristics are deteriorated, which is sufficient for an iron core for a rotating machine. It is difficult to ensure the proper magnetic properties.
- Patent Document 4 by weight, C: 0.10% or less, Si: 0.5% or less, Mn: 0.2% or more and 2% or less, P: 0.06% or less, S: 0 0.01% or less, Al: 0.1% or less, N: 0.006% or less, Ti: 0.02% or more and 0.2% or less, and Mo: 0.7% or less (however, 0.2%) (Excluding the following ranges) and W: including at least one of 0.15% or less, and a carbide structure containing at least one of Ti, Mo, and W dispersed in a ferrite structure having a volume ratio of 95% or more.
- a hot-rolled steel sheet for a rotating machine iron core having a strength of 590 MPa or higher is described. According to the technique described in Patent Document 4, it is said that a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties while having excellent workability and sufficient characteristics for a rotating machine iron core is obtained.
- Patent Document 4 a hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties can be obtained, but it is necessary to contain a large amount of expensive Mo and W, and the material cost increases.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is that the yield strength YS in the rolling direction is 700 MPa or more in a relatively inexpensive component range without containing a large amount of expensive alloy elements. and high strength, the magnetic flux density B 50 is the magnetic flux density B 100 above 1.5T to provide the excellent magnetic properties equal to or greater than 1.6 T, the hot-rolled steel sheet and a manufacturing method thereof generator rim to combine the is there.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for generator rims according to the present invention includes a ferrite phase having an area ratio of 95% or more, and precipitates containing Ti and V having an average particle size of less than 10 nm are precipitated in the crystal grains of the ferrite phase.
- the yield strength YS in the rolling direction is 700 MPa or more
- the magnetic flux density B 50 is 1.5 T or more
- the magnetic flux density B 100 is characterized by having a more electromagnetic characteristics 1.6T (electromagnetic properties).
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for a generator rim according to the present invention is the above-described invention, wherein the structure includes a ferrite phase having an area ratio of 95% or more, and an average grain size of Ti is less than 10 nm in crystal grains of the ferrite phase.
- the structure includes a ferrite phase having an area ratio of 95% or more, and an average grain size of Ti is less than 10 nm in crystal grains of the ferrite phase.
- V and V it is a structure in which a precipitate containing one or two of Nb and Mo is precipitated.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for generator rims according to the present invention is, in addition to the structure, mass%, C: 0.03% or more and 0.11% or less, Si: 0.3% or less, Mn: 1.0% or more and 2.0% or less, P: 0.06% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.06% or less, N: 0.006% or less, Ti: 0.06% or more 0.21% or less, V: 0.05% or more and 0.20% or less, and the content of solute V is 0.005% or more, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities. It has a composition.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for generator rims according to the present invention is, in addition to the structure, mass%, C: 0.03% or more and 0.11% or less, Si: 0.3% or less, Mn: 1.0% or more and 2.0% or less, P: 0.06% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.06% or less, N: 0.006% or less, Ti: 0.06% or more 0.21% or less, V: 0.05% or more and 0.20% or less, and the content of the solid solution V is 0.005% or more. Further, Nb: 0.08% or less, Mo: 0 It contains one or two selected from 2% or less, and has a composition comprising the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
- the method for producing a hot-rolled steel sheet for a generator rim according to the present invention is, in mass%, C: 0.03% or more and 0.11% or less, Si: 0.3% or less, Mn: 1.0% or more. 0% or less, P: 0.06% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.06% or less, N: 0.006% or less, Ti: 0.06% or more and 0.21% or less, V : 0.05% or more and 0.20% or less, molten steel having a composition composed of the balance Fe and inevitable impurities is melted and made into a steel material by a continuous casting method or an ingot-making method. Alternatively, after cooling, the steel sheet is heated to 1100 ° C.
- the steel plate temperature reaches 700 ° C.
- the coiling temperature is 500 ° C. or lower. And wherein the winding as the less than 700 °C.
- the method for producing a hot-rolled steel sheet for generator rims according to the present invention, in the above invention, in addition to the above composition, is further selected from mass%, Nb: 0.08% or less, Mo: 0.2% or less. It is characterized by setting it as the composition containing 1 type or 2 types.
- the high yield strength YS in the rolling direction is 700 MPa or more and the magnetic flux density B 50 is 1.5 T or more in a relatively inexpensive component range without containing a large amount of expensive alloy elements. It is possible to provide a hot-rolled steel sheet for a generator rim that has excellent magnetic properties such that the magnetic flux density B 100 is 1.6 T or more, and a method for manufacturing the hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the inventors diligently studied various factors affecting magnetic properties while maintaining a high strength of 700 MPa or more in the yield strength in the rolling direction. As a result, the inventors came up with the idea of using V without using expensive Mo or W, and made a composition containing an appropriate amount of V together with Ti. Furthermore, the present inventors have optimized the cooling rate and coiling temperature after finish rolling in hot rolling, so that the average crystal grain size is a single phase composed of a ferrite phase in the range of 2 ⁇ m or more and less than 10 ⁇ m.
- the mechanism by which the magnetic properties are remarkably improved in a state where the yield strength is maintained at a high strength of 700 MPa or more is not necessarily clear so far, but the present inventors consider as follows.
- the structure of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention is a single phase composed of a ferrite phase, which has a low dislocation density and excellent magnetic properties, and does not include a martensite phase or a bainite phase having a high dislocation density that hinders domain wall movement.
- very fine precipitates having an average particle size of 10 nm or less are precipitated in the crystal grains of the ferrite phase.
- Such extremely fine precipitates greatly contribute to the increase in strength but do not hinder the movement of the domain wall. Therefore, it is considered that a high magnetic flux density was obtained while maintaining a high strength. Furthermore, it is considered that the strain around the fine precipitates was reduced by dissolving an appropriate amount of V having an atomic radius close to that of Fe, thereby contributing to an increase in magnetic flux density.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention is a single phase composed of a ferrite phase, and Ti and V having an average particle size of less than 10 nm, or further one or two of Nb and Mo are contained in the crystal grains of the ferrite phase. It has a structure in which precipitates are deposited.
- the “single phase composed of ferrite phase” here is not limited to the case where the ferrite phase occupies 100% in area ratio. This includes the case where the ferrite phase is substantially a single phase occupying 95% or more, more preferably 98% or more in area ratio.
- the workability is remarkably improved.
- the magnetic properties are remarkably improved by employing a “single phase composed of a ferrite phase” that does not include a martensite phase or a bainite phase.
- the ferrite phase crystal grains are refined to an average crystal grain size of 2 ⁇ m or more and less than 10 ⁇ m, and the average grain size of precipitates containing Ti and V precipitated in the ferrite crystal grains is set to less than 10 nm.
- a high strength with a strength YS of 700 MPa or more is obtained.
- the movement of the domain wall is hindered, and a remarkable improvement in magnetic properties cannot be expected.
- the precipitate containing fine Ti and V having an average particle diameter of less than 10 nm precipitated in the ferrite crystal grains has an action of strengthening the steel sheet without deteriorating the magnetic properties.
- the average particle size of the precipitate containing Ti and V is coarsened to 10 nm or more, it is impossible to ensure a high strength with a yield strength YS of 700 MPa or more.
- strength when the average particle diameter of the deposit to precipitate is 10 nm or more, it is necessary to increase the deposit amount of a deposit. In order to deposit a larger amount of precipitates, the content of the precipitate-forming elements inevitably increases, leading to an increase in material costs.
- the average particle size of the precipitates in which the metal elements contained are Ti and V is limited to less than 10 nm.
- carbide is most preferable, but as long as the average particle size is less than 10 nm, the nitride or carbonitride does not particularly affect the essence of the invention.
- the precipitates whose metal elements are Ti and V may further contain one or more of Nb or Mo in combination. That is, Ti carbide, nitride, and carbonitride, Nb carbide, nitride, and carbonitride, V carbide, nitride, and carbonitride, and Mo carbide alone and / or compounded Even if it is deposited, it does not affect the essence of the invention.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention having the above-described structure is in mass%, C: 0.03% to 0.11%, Si: 0.3% or less, Mn: 1.0% to 2.0%, P: 0.06% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.06% or less, N: 0.006% or less, Ti: 0.06% or more and 0.21% or less, V: 0.05 % Or more and 0.20% or less, and the content of the solid solution V is 0.005% or more, or Nb: 0.08% or less and Mo: 0.2% or less. It is preferable to have a composition comprising one or two types, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
- [C content] C is an element that contributes to securing a desired high strength by bonding with carbide-forming elements to form fine carbides and strengthening precipitation.
- Si content Si is an element that effectively increases the steel sheet strength by solid solution strengthening. However, if the content exceeds 0.3%, the discharge of C from the ferrite is promoted, and coarse iron carbide is likely to precipitate at the grain boundaries, not only causing a decrease in magnetic properties, but also the surface properties of the steel sheet. It also causes deterioration. For this reason, it is preferable to limit the Si content to 0.3% or less. More preferably, the Si content is 0.1% or less. There is no problem even if the Si content is zero.
- Mn is an element effective in increasing the strength of a hot-rolled steel sheet by refining carbides precipitated in the ferrite phase crystal grains.
- most of the carbides precipitated in the ferrite phase crystal grains are carbides precipitated simultaneously with the austenite ( ⁇ ) ⁇ ferrite ( ⁇ ) transformation in the cooling process after finish rolling in the hot rolled steel sheet manufacturing process. Therefore, when the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ transformation temperature of steel is high, carbides precipitate in a high temperature range, and the carbides become coarse in the cooling process until winding.
- Mn has the effect of lowering the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ transformation temperature of the steel, so when a predetermined amount of Mn is contained, the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ transformation temperature of the steel is lowered to the coiling temperature range described later.
- carbide can be precipitated during the winding of the steel sheet. The carbide precipitated during winding without being exposed to such a high temperature range for a long time is maintained in a fine state.
- the Mn content exceeds 2.0%, segregation becomes significant, the transformation temperature becomes too low, and a hard second phase such as bainite and martensite is formed, resulting in a decrease in magnetic properties. .
- [P content] P is effective element contributing to increased strength of the solid solution to the steel sheet.
- P has a strong tendency to segregate at grain boundaries and the like, and when the content exceeds 0.06, the toughness and magnetic properties are remarkably lowered.
- [S content] S is present as an inclusion in steel and reduces ductility, toughness and the like. For this reason, in the present invention, it is desirable to reduce the S content as much as possible, but a content of up to 0.01% is acceptable from the viewpoint of magnetic properties. For this reason, the content of S is preferably limited to 0.01% or less. More preferably, the S content is 0.005% or less. There is no problem even if the S content is zero.
- Al content acts as a deoxidizer. In order to obtain such an effect, it is desirable to contain 0.01% or more of Al. However, when the content exceeds 0.06%, the oxide inclusions increase excessively, and the workability deteriorates. For this reason, it is preferable to limit the content of Al to 0.06% or less. More preferably, the Al content is 0.04% or less.
- N is likely to form coarse nitrides such as TiN by combining with nitride-forming elements such as Ti and V. Coarse nitrides lead to deterioration of magnetic properties, and the amount of effective Ti, V, etc. that contributes to increasing the strength of steel sheets by forming fine carbides is reduced to ensure the desired high strength. Becomes difficult.
- the N content is preferably limited to 0.006% or less. More preferably, the N content is 0.004% or less. There is no problem even if the N content is zero.
- Ti is an important element in the present invention that forms fine carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, and the like and ensures desired high strength by precipitation strengthening. Preferably contains Ti or 0.06% in order to obtain such an effect. On the other hand, even if the Ti content exceeds 0.21%, only coarse carbides and nitrides that do not contribute to the strengthening of the steel increase, and the useless content that does not contribute to the strengthening increases, and the effect commensurate with the content. Cannot be expected. For this reason, it is preferable to limit the Ti content within a range of 0.06% or more and 0.21% or less. More preferably the content of Ti is in the range of 0.15% to 0.08%.
- V content V, like Ti, is an important element in the present invention that forms fine carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, and the like and ensures desired high strength by precipitation strengthening. In order to acquire such an effect, it is preferable to contain V 0.05% or more. On the other hand, even if the content of V exceeds 0.20%, only coarse carbides and nitrides that do not contribute to the strengthening of the steel increase, and the useless content that does not contribute to the strengthening increases, and an effect commensurate with the content. Cannot be expected. Therefore, the content of V is preferably limited to the range of 0.20% to 0.05%. More preferably the content of V is in the range of 0.15% to 0.08%.
- the solid solution V is an important element in the present invention that alleviates strain around the precipitate and contributes to improvement of magnetic properties.
- the content of the solid solution V is preferably 0.005% or more.
- the upper limit value of the content of the solid solution V is not particularly defined, but the precipitated V is unavoidably present, and therefore is less than the V content.
- Nb and Mo are elements that form fine carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, and the like and contribute to high strength by precipitation strengthening, and can be selected and contained as necessary.
- Nb content is an element that forms fine carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, and the like and has a function of ensuring desired high strength by precipitation strengthening. Such effects in order to obtain a desirably contain Nb of 0.01% or more. On the other hand, when the Nb content exceeds 0.08%, the precipitates are excessive and the magnetic properties are deteriorated. For this reason, when Nb is contained, the Nb content is preferably limited to 0.08% or less. More preferably the content of Nb is in the range of 0.07% to 0.03%.
- Mo content is an element having an action of securing a desired high strength by solid solution in fine carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and the like containing Ti and V and precipitation strengthening. Mo is an element that suppresses pearlite transformation and promotes the formation of a ferrite phase single phase structure. Such effects in order to obtain a desirably contains at least 0.05% of Mo.
- the content of Mo exceeds 0.20%, a hard phase may be formed, resulting in a decrease in magnetic properties and an increase in manufacturing cost.
- the Mo content is preferably limited to 0.20% or less. More preferably the content of Mo is in the range of 0.15% to 0.05%.
- the balance other than the above components is composed of Fe and inevitable impurities.
- unavoidable impurities O: 0.01% or less, Cu: 0.5% or less, Ni: 0.5% or less, Cr: 0.5% or less, Sn: 0.3% or less, Ta: 0. 1% or less, W: 0.1% or less, Ca: 0.005% or less, Mg: 0.005% or less, REM: 0.005% or less, B: 0.005% or less are acceptable.
- the steel material having the above composition is preferably immediately hot-rolled, or once cooled and then heated and hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the manufacturing method of the steel material is not particularly limited, but the molten steel having the above-described composition is melted by a conventional melting method such as a converter or an electric furnace, and a conventional casting method such as a continuous casting method is used. It is preferable to use a steel material such as slab.
- the obtained steel material When the obtained steel material has a temperature at which hot rolling is possible, immediately or once cooled to near room temperature, it is heated to a temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher, preferably 1250 ° C. or higher. Apply hot rolling. Heating before hot rolling includes coarse precipitates that adversely affect magnetic properties, and further includes precipitates (preferably carbides) containing Ti and V, or Ti and V after hot rolling. Further, it is important for finely depositing precipitates (preferably carbides) containing Nb and one or two of Mo, and at the stage of the steel material before hot rolling, Ti, Nb, V, and It is important to completely dissolve Mo. For this reason, the steel material (slab) is immediately hot-rolled or once cooled, and then heated to a temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher, preferably 1250 ° C. or higher.
- the steel material heated to the above temperature is subjected to hot rolling.
- the hot rolling is rolling consisting of rough rolling and finish rolling.
- the conditions for rough rolling are not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that the sheet bar (rough rolled bar) has a predetermined size and shape. Even if the sheet bar is heated or retained after rough rolling and before finish rolling or during finish rolling, the sheet bar may be joined and continuously rolled after rough rolling, or the sheet bar may be heated and continuously rolled. Even if performed simultaneously, there is no problem and the effect of the present invention is not affected.
- Finish rolling is rolling in which the steel plate temperature on the exit side of the finish rolling mill is 800 ° C. or higher.
- the steel plate temperature on the exit side of the finish rolling mill is less than 800 ° C.
- the yield strength in the desired rolling direction cannot be ensured, and the tensile strength is also less than the desired tensile strength.
- the structure becomes finer and it becomes difficult to secure desired magnetic characteristics.
- the steel plate temperature in the exit side of a finishing mill is limited to 800 degreeC or more.
- the steel sheet temperature on the exit side of the finishing mill is in the range of 850 ° C. or higher and 950 ° C. or lower.
- the steel sheet After finishing the finish rolling, the steel sheet is cooled at an average cooling rate of 30 ° C./s or more until the steel plate temperature reaches 700 ° C., and then cooled to the winding temperature and wound in a coil shape.
- the cooling after finishing rolling is limited to a cooling rate of an average cooling rate of 30 ° C./s or more.
- the average cooling rate is 50 ° C./s or more.
- the average cooling rate is 400 ° C./s or more, there is a concern that the shape of the steel sheet is deteriorated. Therefore, the average cooling rate is preferably less than 400 ° C./s.
- the winding temperature is in the range of 500 ° C to 700 ° C.
- the coiling temperature is less than 500 ° C., since a bainite phase or a martensite phase is included, a desired ferrite phase single phase structure cannot be secured.
- a precipitate containing Ti, V, or further containing Nb, Mo is not sufficiently precipitated, a desired high strength cannot be ensured.
- the coiling temperature is set in the range of 500 ° C. or higher and 700 ° C. or lower.
- the coiling temperature is in the range of 550 ° C or higher and 650 ° C or lower. This further improves the balance between strength and magnetic properties.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention has no difference in characteristics even when it is scaled or after pickling. Furthermore, there is no problem even if temper rolling is performed as long as it is within the range of normal conditions.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention is suitable for use as an electromagnetic member.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention can be cut into a predetermined shape by means such as shearing, punching, or laser cutting, laminated, and used as an electromagnetic member for a rim or core (such as a pole core).
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention can be suitably applied to a generator rim that requires both high strength and good magnetic properties.
- the steel shown in Table 2 was melted in a converter and made into a slab (steel material: thickness 250 mm) by a continuous casting method, followed by hot rolling under the conditions shown in Table 2. A thick hot-rolled steel sheet was used. Test pieces were collected from the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet, and subjected to a structure observation test, an analysis of the content of solute V, a tensile test, and a magnetic property measurement test to investigate strength and magnetic properties.
- the test method was as follows.
- Microstructure observation test A specimen for microstructural observation was collected from the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet, the cross section in the rolling direction (L cross section) was polished, corroded with nital liquid, and optical microscope (magnification: 400 times). ) And a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (magnification: 1000 times), the tissue was observed and imaged. The resulting structure photograph by an image analysis processing, the type of tissue, was investigated tissue fraction. Further, the obtained structure photograph was subjected to image analysis processing, and the average ferrite crystal grain size was measured by a cutting method in accordance with the standard of ASTM standard ASTM E 112-10.
- a thin film for a transmission electron microscope was collected from the obtained hot rolled steel sheet, a thin film was prepared by paper polishing and electrolytic polishing, and the structure was observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) (magnification: 135000 times).
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the average particle diameter was obtained, and the metal elements contained in the precipitates were identified by the attached energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX).
- Magnetic property measurement test A test piece for magnetic measurement (size: 30 ⁇ 280 mm) was taken from the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet so that the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction were the longitudinal direction of the test piece.
- the magnetic flux density B 50 and the magnetic flux density B 100 were determined using a DC magnetic characteristic measuring device in accordance with the provisions of JIS standard JIS C 2555.
- Each of the examples of the present invention has a high yield strength YS of 700 MPa or more in the rolling direction, and further satisfies the magnetic flux density B 50 of 1.5 T or more and the magnetic flux density B 100 of 1.6 T or more. Has magnetic properties.
- the yield strength YS in the rolling direction is less than 700 MPa
- the magnetic flux density B 50 is less than 1.5 T
- the magnetic flux density B 100 is less than 1.6 T.
- the high yield strength YS in the rolling direction is 700 MPa or more and the magnetic flux density B 50 is 1.5 T or more in a relatively inexpensive component range without containing a large amount of expensive alloy elements. It is possible to provide a hot-rolled steel sheet for a generator rim that has excellent magnetic properties such that the magnetic flux density B 100 is 1.6 T or more, and a method for manufacturing the hot-rolled steel sheet.
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Abstract
Description
Cは、炭化物形成元素と結合し、微細な炭化物を形成して析出強化により、所望の高強度の確保に寄与する元素である。このような効果を得るためには、0.03%以上の含有を必要とする。含有量が0.03%未満では効果が不十分となる。一方、含有量が0.11%を超える場合、鋼の高強度化に寄与しない粗大な炭化物を有するパーライトが形成され、磁気特性が低下する。このため、Cの含有量は0.03%以上0.11%以下の範囲内に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはCの含有量は0.04%以上0.10%以下の範囲内である。
Siは、固溶強化により鋼板強度を有効に高める元素である。しかしながら、含有量が0.3%を超える場合、フェライトからのCの排出が促進され、粒界に粗大な鉄炭化物が析出しやすくなり、磁気特性の低下を招くだけでなく、鋼板の表面性状の劣化も招く。このため、Siの含有量は0.3%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはSiの含有量は0.1%以下である。Siの含有量はゼロであっても問題ない。
Mnは、フェライト相の結晶粒内に析出する炭化物を微細化し、熱延鋼板の高強度化に有効な元素である。本発明においてフェライト相の結晶粒内に析出する炭化物の多くは、熱延鋼板製造工程における仕上げ圧延終了後の冷却過程で、オーステナイト(γ)→フェライト(α)変態と同時に析出する炭化物である。そのため、鋼のγ→α変態温度が高いと、炭化物が高温域で析出し、巻取りまでの冷却過程で炭化物が粗大化してしまう。このような問題に対し、Mnは鋼のγ→α変態温度を低温化する作用を有するため、所定量のMnを含有させると、鋼のγ→α変態温度を後述する巻取り温度域まで低下させ、鋼板の巻取り中に炭化物を析出させることができる。このような高温域に長時間曝されることなく巻取り中に析出した炭化物は、微細な状態に維持される。炭化物を微細化して降伏強さYSが700MPa以上である熱延鋼板を得るには、Mnを1.0%以上含有することが好ましい。一方、Mnの含有量が2.0%を超える場合、偏析が著しくなり、さらに変態温度が低くなりすぎて、ベイナイトやマルテンサイトなどの硬質な第二相が形成されて、磁気特性が低下する。このため、Mnの含有量は1.0%以上2.0%以下の範囲内に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはMnの含有量は1.3%超1.5%以下の範囲内である。
Pは、固溶して鋼板の強度増加に有効に寄与する元素である。しかし、Pは粒界等に偏析する傾向が強く、含有量が0.06を超える場合、靭性、磁気特性を著しく低下させる。このため、Pの含有量は0.06%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはPの含有量は0.03%以下である。Pの含有量はゼロであっても問題ない。
Sは、鋼中では介在物として存在し、延性、靭性等を低下させる。このため、本発明ではSの含有量をできるだけ低減することが望ましいが、磁気特性の観点から0.01%までの含有量は許容できる。このようなことから、Sの含有量は0.01%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはSの含有量は0.005%以下である。Sの含有量はゼロであっても問題ない。
Alは、脱酸剤として作用される。このような効果を得るためにはAlを0.01%以上含有することが望ましい。しかしながら、含有量が0.06%を超える場合、酸化物系介在物が増加しすぎて、加工性が低下する。このため、Alの含有量は0.06%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはAlの含有量は0.04%以下である。
Nは、Ti、V等の窒化物形成元素と結合して、TiN等の粗大な窒化物を形成しやすい。粗大な窒化物は磁気特性の低下を招くとともに、本来、微細な炭化物を形成して鋼板の高強度化に寄与する有効なTi、V等の量が減少し、所望の高強度を確保することが難しくなる。このため、Nの含有量は0.006%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはNの含有量は0.004%以下である。Nの含有量はゼロであっても問題ない。
Tiは、微細な炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物等を形成し、析出強化により所望の高強度を確保する、本発明において重要な元素である。このような効果を得るためにはTiを0.06%以上含有することが好ましい。一方、Tiの含有量が0.21%を超えても、鋼の強化に寄与しない粗大な炭化物、窒化物が増えるだけであり、強化に寄与しない無駄な含有が増加し、含有量に見合う効果が期待できなくなる。このため、Tiの含有量は0.06%以上0.21%以下の範囲内に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはTiの含有量は0.08%以上0.15%以下の範囲内である。
Vは、Tiと同様に、微細な炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物等を形成し、析出強化により所望の高強度を確保する、本発明において重要な元素である。このような効果を得るためにはVを0.05%以上含有することが好ましい。一方、Vの含有量が0.20%を超えても、鋼の強化に寄与しない粗大な炭化物、窒化物が増えるだけであり、強化に寄与しない無駄な含有が増加し、含有量に見合う効果が期待できなくなる。このため、Vの含有量は0.05%以上0.20%以下の範囲内に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはVの含有量は0.08%以上0.15%以下の範囲内である。
固溶したVは、析出物まわりの歪を緩和させ、磁気特性向上に寄与する、本発明において重要な元素である。このような効果を得るためには、固溶Vの含有量を0.005%以上とすることが好ましい。固溶Vの含有量の上限値は、特に定めないが、析出するVが不可避的に存在するので、Vの含有量未満となる。
Nbは、微細な炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物等を形成し、析出強化により、所望の高強度を確保する作用を有する元素である。このような効果を得るためにはNbを0.01%以上含有することが望ましい。一方、Nbの含有量が0.08%を超える場合、析出物が過多となりすぎて、磁気特性が低下する。このため、Nbを含有させる場合には、Nbの含有量は0.08%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはNbの含有量は0.03%以上0.07%以下の範囲内である。
Moは、Nbと同様に、Ti、Vを含む微細な炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物等に固溶して、析出強化により、所望の高強度を確保する作用を有する元素である。また、Moは、パーライト変態を抑制し、フェライト相単相組織の形成を促進する元素である。このような効果を得るためにはMoを0.05%以上含有することが望ましい。一方、Moの含有量が0.20%を超える場合、硬質相が形成される場合があり、磁気特性が低下するとともに、製造コストの高騰を招く。このため、Moを含有させる場合には、Moの含有量は0.20%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはMoの含有量は0.05%以上0.15%以下の範囲内である。
つぎに、本発明の熱延鋼板の好ましい製造方法について説明する。
以下、実施例に従い、さらに本発明について説明する。
得られた熱延鋼板から組織観察用試験片を採取し、圧延方向断面(L断面)を研磨し、ナイタール(nital)液で腐食して、光学顕微鏡(倍率:400倍)および走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)(倍率:1000倍)を用いて組織を観察し、撮像した。得られた組織写真について、画像解析処理により、組織の種類、組織分率を調査した。また、得られた組織写真について、画像解析処理により、ASTM規格ASTM E 112-10の規定に準拠して切断法で、平均フェライト結晶粒径を測定した。また、得られた熱延鋼板から透過電子顕微鏡用の薄膜を採取し、ペーパー研磨、電解研磨により、薄膜を作製し、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)(倍率:135000倍)により、組織を観察し、フェライト結晶粒内の析出物を30個以上観察し、その平均粒径を求めるとともに、付属のエネルギー分散型X線分光装置(EDX)により、析出物中に含有する金属元素を同定した。
得られた熱延鋼板から、試験片を採取し、10%AA(acetylacetone)溶液中で電解抽出したのち、電解液を採取、溶媒を除去したのち乾固し、測定した。
得られた熱延鋼板から、引張方向が圧延方向と平行となるように、JIS(Japanese Industrial Standards)5号試験片(GL:50mm)を採取し、JIS規格JIS Z 2241の規定に準拠して引張試験を行ない、引張特性(降伏強さYS、引張強さTS)を求めた。
得られた熱延鋼板から、圧延方向および圧延方向と直角方向が試験片の長手方向となるように、磁気測定用試験片(大きさ:30×280mm)を採取し、直流磁気特性測定装置を用いて,JIS規格JIS C 2555の規定に準拠して、磁束密度B50および磁束密度B100を求めた。ここで、磁束密度B50、B100は、直流磁気特性を示す指標で、それぞれ磁化力H=5000A/m、10000A/mにおける磁束密度B(T)を示す。
Claims (6)
- 面積率で95%以上のフェライト相を含み、該フェライト相の結晶粒内に平均粒径が10nm未満のTiおよびVを含む析出物が析出した組織を有し、該フェライト相の平均結晶粒径が2μm以上10μm未満の範囲内にあり、圧延方向の降伏強さYSが700MPa以上の強度と、磁束密度B50が1.5T以上および磁束密度B100が1.6T以上の電磁特性を有することを特徴とする発電機リム用熱延鋼板。
- 前記組織が、面積率で95%以上のフェライト相を含み、該フェライト相の結晶粒内に平均粒径が10nm未満の、TiおよびVに加えてさらにNb、Moのうちの1種または2種を含む析出物が析出した組織であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発電機リム用熱延鋼板。
- 前記組織に加えて、質量%で、C:0.03%以上0.11%以下、Si:0.3%以下、Mn:1.0%以上2.0%以下、P:0.06%以下、S:0.01%以下、Al:0.06%以下、N:0.006%以下、Ti:0.06%以上0.21%以下、V:0.05%以上0.20%以下を含有し、かつ固溶V(solute V)の含有量が0.005%以上であり、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発電機リム用熱延鋼板。
- 前記組織に加えて、質量%で、C:0.03%以上0.11%以下、Si:0.3%以下、Mn:1.0%以上2.0%以下、P:0.06%以下、S:0.01%以下、Al:0.06%以下、N:0.006%以下、Ti:0.06%以上0.21%以下、V:0.05%以上0.20%以下を含有し、かつ固溶Vの含有量が0.005%以上であり、さらにNb:0.08%以下、Mo:0.2%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含み、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の発電機リム用熱延鋼板。
- 質量%で、C:0.03%以上0.11%以下、Si:0.3%以下、Mn:1.0%以上2.0%以下、P:0.06%以下、S:0.01%以下、Al:0.06%以下、N:0.006%以下、Ti:0.06%以上0.21%以下、V:0.05%以上0.20%以下を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有する溶鋼を溶製し、連続鋳造法または造塊法により鋼素材とし、該鋼素材を、直ちに、または、一旦冷却してから1100℃以上に加熱し、熱間圧延機の出側における鋼板温度を800℃以上とする熱間圧延を施し、該熱間圧延後、鋼板温度が700℃になるまで30℃/s以上の平均冷却速度で冷却した後、巻取温度を500℃以上700℃以下の範囲内として巻取ることを特徴とする発電機リム用熱延鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Nb:0.08%以下、Mo:0.2%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含む組成とすることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の発電機リム用熱延鋼板の製造方法。
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US14/375,709 US10301698B2 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-01-30 | Hot-rolled steel sheet for generator rim and method for manufacturing the same |
EP13744071.5A EP2811046B1 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-01-30 | Hot-rolled steel sheet for generator rim and method for manufacturing same |
CN201380007556.7A CN104080938B (zh) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-01-30 | 发电机轮毂用热轧钢板及其制造方法 |
JP2013554129A JP5578288B2 (ja) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-01-30 | 発電機リム用熱延鋼板およびその製造方法 |
KR1020147021132A KR101638715B1 (ko) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-01-30 | 발전기 림용 열연 강판 및 그 제조 방법 |
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WO2018105698A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-14 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 軟磁性部品用鋼材、軟磁性部品、及び、軟磁性部品の製造方法 |
JPWO2018105698A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-08 | 2019-10-31 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 軟磁性部品用鋼材、軟磁性部品、及び、軟磁性部品の製造方法 |
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EP2811046A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
JPWO2013115205A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
EP2811046A4 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
JP5578288B2 (ja) | 2014-08-27 |
KR101638715B1 (ko) | 2016-07-11 |
EP2811046B1 (en) | 2020-01-15 |
US20150013853A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
CN104080938B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
KR20140108713A (ko) | 2014-09-12 |
CN104080938A (zh) | 2014-10-01 |
US10301698B2 (en) | 2019-05-28 |
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