WO2008155059A2

WO2008155059A2 - Hydrocarbon mixtures and use thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2008155059A2
Application number: PCT/EP2008/004701
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bettina Jackwerth; Markus Dierker; Rolf Kawa; Stefanie Maurer
Original assignee: Cognis Ip Management Gmbh
Priority date: 2007-06-19
Filing date: 2008-06-12
Publication date: 2008-12-24
Also published as: ZA200908060B; WO2008155059A3

Abstract

The invention relates to hydrocarbon mixtures containing the 14C isotope, use thereof and cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical preparations comprising hydrocarbon mixtures containing the 14C isotope.

Description

Hydrocarbon mixtures and their use

The present invention relates to hydrocarbon mixtures containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, their use in cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations, as well as cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing hydrocarbon mixtures containing ¹⁴ C isotopes.

State of the art

Sensory light oil bodies, so-called "light emollients", are used by the cosmetic industry in a large number of formulations, in particular for decorative cosmetics or in care formulations so-called "light" components. These components may be, for example, volatile cyclic silicones (e.g., cyclopentasiloxane or cyclomethicone) or hydrocarbons from petrochemical processes. Because of their production, the latter substances are predominantly mixtures of linear, cyclic and branched hydrocarbons, the flashpoint of which may well be below 50 ° C. (as in the case of isododecane). Examples and application descriptions of such formulations can be found in standard works such as: Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology, A. Barel, M. Paye, H. Maibach, Marcel Dekker Inc. 2001. For toxicological, ecological or safety reasons, however, there will in future be a demand for alternative raw materials for such formulation tasks.

In cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations, the term "mineral oil" refers to the liquid distillation products obtained from mineral raw materials (petroleum, lignite and hard coal), which essentially consist of mixtures of saturated hydrocarbons having a linear, cyclic and / or branched structure However, these hydrocarbon mixtures must be extensively cleaned and chemically modified before they meet the requirements for cosmetic raw materials. The object of the invention was to find alternative raw materials that are ecologically and toxicologically harmless. It was of particular interest to provide raw materials which can be used directly in cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations without expensive purification steps. Preferably, these raw materials should be available on the basis of renewable resources. These raw materials should be able to be used directly in typical cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical formulations without application restrictions. In addition, the raw materials should have improved sensor technology compared to the hydrocarbon mixtures of the prior art, it was also desirable that these raw materials have a better skin compatibility. It was of particular interest to provide raw materials which are comparable with respect to their formulation or sensory use possibilities with silicone oils, in particular with low-viscosity silicone oils, such as eg dimethicones. It was desirable in particular to provide raw materials which are suitable as substitutes for silicone oils. In addition, it has been of interest to provide raw materials which have an improved CO ₂ balance over the prior art raw materials.

A further object was to provide raw materials which allows a stable formulation with AP / Deo (^ antiperspirant / deodorant) agents. Cosmetic preparations of the antiperspirant / deodorant category, in particular in so-called "stick formulations", still have the problem of insufficient stability of the cosmetic base, in which case, inter alia, the hardness of the manufactured "stick formulation" is in need of improvement. A disadvantage of an existing "stick formulation" is that odor changes occur during storage. [Daher Eine] A further object of the invention was therefore to provide raw materials which make it possible to use antiperspirant or deodorizing preparations, in particular those in stick formulation "stable to provide. These preparations should not show any undesirable odor developments, especially during prolonged storage. Another task was to provide raw materials, which give a sensory "light" impression, preferably with the same improved skin compatibility, especially in combination with UV Sunscreen filters and in conjunction with self-tanner. Of particular interest is the provision of new raw materials that allow a sensory beneficial impression in decorative cosmetic formulations. On formulations of decorative cosmetics, such as lipsticks, eye shadows, mascara, nail varnish, etc. are due to the application site (mainly face and hands) increased demands on the sensor, in particular the volatility, so that these products do not give the impression of "heaviness" Furthermore, in these products, good dispersibility of pigments is desirable.

Description of the invention

An object of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1.

The term "2 different hydrocarbons" refers to hydrocarbons having a different C number.

The term "carbon number" or "C number" includes all carbon atoms present in the hydrocarbon. It is thus e.g. for Undecan = 1 1 or for Tridecan = 13.

This means that if the hydrocarbon mixture contains a hydrocarbon with a C number of n (n = integer number), the mixture contains at least one further hydrocarbon with a C number greater than or equal to n + 2 or less than or equal to n-2 ,

Preferably, n is an odd number, in particular 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 and / or 23.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number is about 2 different. In this embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture in addition to the hydrocarbon having a C number of n nor at least one hydrocarbon having a C number of n + 2.

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon mixture differ by a maximum of 10 carbon atoms, preferably by a maximum of 8 carbon atoms, more preferably by a maximum of 6 carbon atoms, preferably by a maximum of 4 carbon atoms.

The invention further comprises a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing a hydrocarbon having a C number of n and at least one further hydrocarbon having a C number of n + 2 and / or n + 4 and / or n + 6 and / or n + 8 and / or n + 10.

Preferably, the hydrocarbons are selected from the group of hydrocarbons having 7 to 23 carbon atoms, preferably having 11 to 21 carbon atoms.

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that consist only of carbon and hydrogen. They include both cyclic and acyclic (= aliphatic) compounds. They include both saturated and monounsaturated or polyunsaturated compounds. The hydrocarbons can be linear or branched. Depending on the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon, the hydrocarbons may be classified into odd-number hydrocarbons (such as nonane, undecane, tridecane) or even hydrocarbons (such as octane, dodecane, tetradecane). Depending on the branching, the hydrocarbons can be divided into linear (= unbranched) or branched hydrocarbons. Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons are also referred to as paraffins.

For the purposes of the invention, the term "hydrocarbon mixture" means mixtures of hydrocarbons which contain up to 10% by weight of substances which do not belong to the hydrocarbons. The wt .-% information of the hydrocarbons each refer to the sum of the hydrocarbons present in the mixture. The non-hydrocarbons present up to 10% by weight are not taken into account for this calculation.

The substances which do not belong to the hydrocarbons and which may contain up to 10% by weight, in particular up to 8% by weight, preferably up to 5% by weight, in the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention are, for example, fatty alcohols , which remain as unreacted starting materials in the hydrocarbon mixture.

The term "CX hydrocarbon" includes hydrocarbons having a C number of X, for example, the term Cl 1 hydrocarbon includes all hydrocarbons having a C number of 1 1.

The term "total hydrocarbons" includes all hydrocarbons in the mixture, regardless of their carbon number.

The term nuclides refers to types of atoms (atoms including electron cladding) characterized by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, i. by atomic number and mass number (number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number). Isotopes are nuclides of the same atomic number (= atomic number, atomic number, proton number), but different number of neutrons contained in the nucleus and thus different mass number [= number of nucleons, number of nucleons contained in an atomic nucleus (protons and neutrons)]. In addition to the mass, isotopes also differ by angular momentum (nuclear spin), magnetic moment and electric quadrupole moment.

For unambiguous identification of the isotopes we use the notation commonly used for nuclides ^A zX (X = chemical symbol, A = mass number, Z = atomic number), for the stable isotopes of carbon so ^l2 ₆ C, alternatively ¹² C or C is used as notation 12 used. The element carbon has a total of 2 stable isotopes ¹² C and ¹³ C. ¹² C occurs 98.9% in nature, ¹³ C to 1.1%. In addition to these two stable isotopes, there are still several unstable isotopes. The best known unstable isotope is ¹⁴ C with a half-life of 5730 years. ¹⁴ C is formed by natural nuclear reaction in the atmosphere of N: the earth is constantly exposed to cosmic radiation, this radiation hits the top layers of the earth's atmosphere, this generates free neutrons. These in turn react with the nitrogen contained in the lower atmosphere to about 80% in the air. The following reaction takes place:

"H + 'n ->" C + ¹ P

The nucleus of a nitrogen atom with the mass number 14 (7 neutrons, 7 protons) absorbs a neutron. When a proton is released, the radioactive carbon isotope ¹⁴ C (8 neutrons, 6 protons) is formed from the nitrogen atom, so the mass number remains the same. In contrast, carbon ¹² C has 6 neutrons and 6 protons - so it is lighter than ¹⁴ C.

The ¹⁴ C generated in the atmosphere combines with existing oxygen to form carbon dioxide. The photosynthesis of the plants then causes ¹⁴ C to enter the biosphere. Since living organisms constantly exchange carbon with the atmosphere during their metabolism, in living organisms the same distribution ratio of the 3 carbon isotopes ¹² C-12, ¹³ C-12 and ¹⁴ C occurs as in the atmosphere: living organisms contain 10 per cent ¹² stable ¹² C u. ¹³ C isotopes ca. 1, 2 radioactive ¹⁴ C isotopes.

If carbon is taken out of this cycle (ie it becomes fossil), the ratio changes between ¹⁴ C and ¹² C, because the decaying 1 ¹⁴ C isotopes are not replaced by new ones.

Fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas or coal, were created over 100 million years ago, ie these fuels no longer contain ¹⁴ C isotopes because the original ¹⁴ C isotopes have decayed and no new ¹⁴ C isotopes have been taken up. Thus, hydrocarbons derived from fossil sources do not contain ¹⁴ C isotopes. The invention relates to hydrocarbon mixtures containing ¹⁴ C isotopes.

The hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention contains at least two different hydrocarbons. The invention relates to mixtures in which at least one hydrocarbon contains ¹⁴ C isotopes, preferably contain 2 different hydrocarbons ¹⁴ C isotopes. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, all hydrocarbons present in the hydrocarbon mixture contain ¹⁴ C isotopes.

By way of illustration, if the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention comprises n-undecane and n-tridecane, at least one of the hydrocarbons must contain ¹⁴ C isotopes, ie either n-undecane or n-tridecane, preferably both hydrocarbons contain ¹⁴ C isotopes.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the proportion of the ¹⁴ C isotope is the ¹² C isotope in greater than or equal 1x10 ^{~ 16,} in particular at greater than or equal Ixio ^"15, preferably greater than or equal ^{7,5xlO" 14,} preferably greater than or equal l, 5xlθ ^'13 , in particular greater than or equal 3xlO ^"13, preferably in the range of ^{6xlO" 13} to l, 2xlθ. ^"12 reference are all known in the hydrocarbon mixture hydrocarbons.

The ^l4 C content of a sample can be determined either by counting the decaying ^I4 C isotopes in the counting tube (counting tube method according to Libby), in the liquid scintillation spectrometer or by counting the remaining ¹⁴ C isotopes with the accelerator mass spectrometry. With accelerator mass spectrometry (abbreviation: AMS of Λccelerator Mass Spectrometry) ¹⁴ C isotopes can be detected with the aid of nuclear physics measuring methods in the ppt to ppq range (from 1 (T ¹² to KT ¹⁶ ) in the smallest sample quantities (milligram range).

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which is less than or equal to 50 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 20 % By weight, in particular less than or equal to 10% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 8% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 3% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 2% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 1 wt .-% branched hydrocarbons based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which is less than 20 wt .-%, in particular less than 10 Wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 8 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 5 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 3 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 2 wt .-%, in particular less than 1 wt .-% aromatic Containing hydrocarbons based on the sum of hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture contains less than or equal to 0.1, in particular less than or equal to 0.01, in particular less than or equal to 0.001% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which is less than or equal to 50 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 20 Wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 10 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 8 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 5 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 3 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 2 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 1% by weight of unsaturated hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture contains less than or equal to 0.1, in particular less than or equal to 0.01, in particular less than or equal to 0.001% by weight of unsaturated hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture is at least 2 from each other contains various hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which is less than 20 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 15 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 10 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 9 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 8% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 5% by weight, of even-numbered hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and in which the 2 mutually different hydrocarbons at least 50 wt .-%, preferably at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

It is particularly preferred for these hydrocarbons, which are different from one another, to be hydrocarbons which differ by 2 in the C number. That in a preferred embodiment of the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention, at least 50 wt .-%, preferably at least 60 wt .-%, preferably at least 70 wt .-%, preferably at least 80 wt .-%, preferably at least 90 wt .-% - based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, from a hydrocarbon with the C number n and a hydrocarbon with the C number n + 2.

Hydrocarbon Mixture with Linear C11 and Linear C13 Hydrocarbons A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which linear CI l and linear C 13 hydrocarbons. Preferably, the linear C11 is hydrocarbyl n-undecane. Preferably, the linear Cl 3 hydrocarbon is n-tridecane. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention mixture contains linear CI l and linear Cl 3 hydrocarbons and at least one further linear hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of C12, C15, C16, C17, C18, C 19, C20, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons, preferably selected from the group consisting of C 15, C 17, C 19, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons. Preferred are linear, saturated hydrocarbons. As a linear Cl 5 carbon n-pentadecane is preferred, as a linear C17 hydrocarbon n-heptadecane is preferred, as a linear C19 hydrocarbon n-nonadecane is preferred.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention contains linear C 1 l and linear C 3 hydrocarbons and at least one linear C 5 hydrocarbon and / or one linear C 7 hydrocarbon. As a linear Cl 5 carbon n-pentadecane is preferred, as a linear C 17 hydrocarbon n-heptadecane is preferred.

One embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, the mixture containing

(A) 50 to 90 wt .-% linear C-l l hydrocarbons, preferably n-undecane

(B) 10 to 50 wt .-% linear C-13 hydrocarbons, preferably n-tridecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

Particularly preferred are hydrocarbon mixtures containing ¹⁴ C isotopes which

(A) 55 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 60 to 75 wt .-%, in particular 65 to 70 wt.% Linear C-11 hydrocarbons, preferably n-undecane

(B) 20 to 45 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 40 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 30 wt.% Linear C-13 hydrocarbons, preferably, preferably n-tridecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, characterized in that the sum of the linear CI l and linear C13 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 70 wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 80 wt .-%, preferably greater than or equal to 90 wt.%, Particularly preferably greater than or equal to 95 wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 99 wt. %, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of linear C 1 -hydrocarbons to linear C-13-hydrocarbons is from 1.5 to 3.5.

Particular preference is given to hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention in which the linear C11 and / or linear C13 hydrocarbons are saturated hydrocarbons, preferably both the linear C11 and the linear C13 hydrocarbon is a saturated hydrocarbon (n-undecane and n-tridecane).

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon mixtures of the invention contain less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 3% by weight, of C 12 hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear CI l and linear Cl 3 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C 1 and C 13 linear hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 60 wt.% Based on the sum of Hydrocarbons and wherein the sum of hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 14, less than or equal to 15 wt .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons is. Hydrocarbon mixtures in which the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length of less than or equal to 14, less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 8% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight, in particular less than or equal to, are particularly preferred 2 wt .-%, in each case based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear C11 and linear C13 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C11 and C13 linear hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 60 wt.% Based on the sum of the hydrocarbons is and the sum of Hydrocarbons having a C chain length of less than or equal to 10, less than or equal to 3% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 2% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 1.5% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 1% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons is.

In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention contains C12 and C14 hydrocarbons, preferably in the same weight ratio to each other as the linear C11 hydrocarbons to the linear C13 hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the weight ratio of linear C 11 hydrocarbons to linear C 13 hydrocarbons and the weight ratio of C 12 to C 14 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5.

A hydrocarbon mixture with linear C11 and linear C15 hydrocarbons A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which linear Cl l and linear Cl 5 hydrocarbons. Preferably, the linear C11 is hydrocarbyl n-undecane. Preferably, the linear Cl 5 hydrocarbon is n-pentadecane. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention contains linear C 11 and linear C 15 hydrocarbons and at least one further linear hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of C 12, C 13, C 14, C 16, C 17, C 18, C 19 , C20, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons, preferably selected from the group consisting of C13, C17, C19, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons. Preferred are linear, saturated hydrocarbons. As a linear Cl 3 carbon n-tridecane is preferred, as a linear C17 hydrocarbon n-heptadecane is preferred, as a linear C 19 hydrocarbon n-nonadecane is preferred.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention contains linear C11 and linear C15 hydrocarbons and at least one linear C13 hydrocarbon and / or one linear C17 Hydrocarbon. As a linear Cl 3 carbon n-tridecane is preferred, as a linear C17 hydrocarbon n-heptadecane is preferred.

(C) 50 to 90 wt .-% linear C-l l hydrocarbons, preferably n-undecane

(D) 10 to 50 wt .-% linear C-15 hydrocarbons, preferably n-pentadecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

(A) 55 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 60 to 75 wt .-%, in particular 65 to 70 wt.% Linear C-l l hydrocarbons, preferably n-undecane

(B) 20 to 45 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 40 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 30 wt.% Linear C-15 hydrocarbons, preferably, preferably n-pentadecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, characterized in that the sum of the linear CI and linear C15 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 70 wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 80 wt .-%, preferably greater than or equal to 90% by weight, more preferably greater than or equal to 95% by weight, in particular greater than or equal to 99% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of linear C11 hydrocarbons to linear C15 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5.

Particular preference is given to hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention in which the linear C11 and / or linear C15 hydrocarbons are saturated hydrocarbons, preferably both the linear C11 and the linear C13 hydrocarbon is a saturated hydrocarbon (n-undecane and n-pentadecane). In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon mixtures of the invention contain less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 3% by weight, of C 12 hydrocarbons based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear CI l and linear C15 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear CI l and linear C15 hydrocarbons equal to or greater than 60 wt.% Based on the sum of the hydrocarbons is and wherein the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 16, less than or equal to 15 wt .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons is. Hydrocarbon mixtures in which the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length of less than or equal to 14, less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 8% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight, in particular less than or equal to, are particularly preferred 2 wt .-%, in each case based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear CI l and linear Cl 5 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C 1 l and linear C 15 hydrocarbons equal to or greater than 60 wt.% Based on the sum of Hydrocarbons and the sum of the hydrocarbons having a carbon chain length of less than or equal to 10, less than or equal to 3% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 2% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 1.5% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 1% by weight .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, is.

In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention contains C 12 and C 16 hydrocarbons, preferably in the same weight ratio to one another as the linear C 1 hydrocarbons to the linear C15 hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the weight ratio of linear Cl l hydrocarbons to linear C 15 Hydrocarbons and the weight ratio of C 12 to Cl 6 hydrocarbons 1.5 to 3.5.

Hydrocarbon mixture with linear C13 and linear C15 hydrocarbons A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, the hydrocarbon mixture containing at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which linear C13 and contains linear C15 hydrocarbons. Preferably, the linear Cl 3 hydrocarbon is n-tridecane. Preferably, the linear C15 hydrocarbon is n-pentadecane. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention contains linear Cl 3 and linear C 5 hydrocarbons and at least one further linear hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of CI 1, Cl 2, Cl 4, Cl 6, Cl 7, C 18, C 19, C20, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons, preferably selected from the group consisting of CI l, C 17, C 19, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons. Preferred are linear, saturated hydrocarbons. N-undecane is preferred as the linear C 1 l carbon, n-heptadecane being preferred as the linear C r 7 hydrocarbon, n-nonadecane being preferred as the linear C 19 hydrocarbon.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, the mixture containing

(e) 50 to 90% by weight of linear C-13 hydrocarbons, preferably n-tridecane

(F) 10 to 50 wt .-% linear C-15 hydrocarbons, preferably n-pentadecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

Particular preference is given to hydrocarbon mixtures which contain ¹⁴ C isotopes which comprise (a) 55 to 80% by weight, in particular 60 to 75% by weight, in particular 65 to 70% by weight, of linear C-13 hydrocarbons, preferably n-tridecane (B) 20 to 45 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 40 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 30 wt.% Linear C-15 hydrocarbons, preferably, preferably n-pentadecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, characterized in that the sum of the linear C 13 and linear C 15 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 70 wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 80 wt .-%, is preferred greater than or equal to 90% by weight, more preferably greater than or equal to 95% by weight, in particular greater than or equal to 99% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of linear C13 hydrocarbons to linear C15 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5.

Particular preference is given to hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention in which the linear C13 and / or linear C15 hydrocarbons are saturated hydrocarbons, preferably both the linear C13 and the linear C15 hydrocarbon is a saturated hydrocarbon (n-tridecane and n-pentadecane).

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention contain less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 3% by weight, of C 14 hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear C 13 and linear C 5 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C 13 and linear C 15 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 60 wt.% Based on the sum of Hydrocarbons and wherein the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 16, less than or equal to 15 wt .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, is. Particular preference is given to hydrocarbon mixtures in which the sum of the Hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 16, less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 8% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 2% by weight, based in each case on Sum of hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear C13 and linear Cl 5 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C 13 and linear C 15 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 60 wt.% Based on the sum of Hydrocarbons and the sum of hydrocarbons having a C chain length of less than or equal to 12, less than or equal to 3 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 2 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 1.5 wt .-%, in particular less than 1 wt .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, is.

In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention contain C 14 and C 16 hydrocarbons, preferably in the same weight ratio to each other as the linear C 3 hydrocarbons to the linear C15 hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the weight ratio of linear C13 hydrocarbons to linear C15 hydrocarbons and the weight ratio of C14 to C16 hydrocarbons is from 1.5 to 3.5.

Hydrocarbon Mixture with Linear Cl 5 and Linear C17 Hydrocarbons A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which linear C15 and linear Cl 7 hydrocarbons. Preferably, the linear Cl 5 hydrocarbon is n-pentadecane. Preferably, the linear Cl 7 hydrocarbon is n-heptadecane. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention comprises linear C15 and linear C17 hydrocarbons and at least one further linear hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of CI1, C12, C13, C14, C16, C18, C19, C20, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons, preferably selected from the Group consisting of CI l, C 13, C 19, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons. Preferred are linear, saturated hydrocarbons. N-undecane is preferred as the linear C 1 carbon, n-tridecane being preferred as the linear C 13 hydrocarbon, n-nonadecane being preferred as the linear C 19 hydrocarbon.

(g) 50 to 90% by weight of linear C-15 hydrocarbons, preferably n-

Pentadecane (h) 10 to 50% by weight of linear C-17 hydrocarbons, preferably n-

Heptadecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

(A) 55 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 60 to 75 wt .-%, in particular 65 to 70 wt.% Linear C-15 hydrocarbons, preferably n-pentadecane.

(B) 20 to 45 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 40 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 30 wt.% Linear C-17 hydrocarbons, preferably, preferably n-heptadecane. based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, characterized in that the sum of the linear C 15 and linear C 17 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 70 wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 80 wt .-%, preferably greater than or equal to 90% by weight, more preferably greater than or equal to 95% by weight, in particular greater than or equal to 99% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of linear C15 hydrocarbons to linear C17 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5. Particular preference is given to hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention in which the linear Cl 5 and / or linear Cl 7 hydrocarbons are saturated hydrocarbons, preferably both the linear Cl 5 and the linear C 17 hydrocarbon is a saturated hydrocarbon (n-pentadecane and n-heptadecane).

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon mixtures of the invention contain less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 3% by weight, of C 16 hydrocarbons based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixtures containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear C15 and linear C17 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C 15 and linear C 17 hydrocarbons equal to or greater than 60 wt.% Based on the sum of the hydrocarbons and wherein the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 18, less than or equal to 15 wt .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, is. Hydrocarbon mixtures in which the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 18, less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 8% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight, in particular less than or equal to, are particularly preferred 2 wt .-%, in each case based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear C15 and linear Cl 7 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C 15 and linear C 17 hydrocarbons equal to or greater than 60 wt.% Based on the sum of Hydrocarbons and the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length of less than or equal to 14, less than or equal to 3% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 2% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 1.5% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 1% by weight .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, is. In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention contain C 16 and C 18 hydrocarbons, preferably in the same weight ratio to each other as the linear C 15 hydrocarbons to the linear C 7 hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the weight ratio of linear C15 hydrocarbons to linear C17 hydrocarbons and the weight ratio of Cl6 to Cl8 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5.

Hydrocarbon Mixture with Linear C17 and Linear C19 Hydrocarbons A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which linear Cl Contains 7 and linear C19 hydrocarbons. Preferably, the linear C17 hydrocarbon is n-heptadecane. Preferably, the linear C19 hydrocarbon is n-nonadecane. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention comprises linear C17 and linear C19 hydrocarbons and at least one further linear hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of CI1, Cl2, Cl3, Cl4, Cl5, C16, C18, C20, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons, preferably selected from the group consisting of CI l, C13, C15, C21 and C23 hydrocarbons. Preferred are linear, saturated hydrocarbons. N-undecane is preferred as the linear C 1 carbon, n-tridecane being preferred as the linear C 13 hydrocarbon, n-nonadecane being preferred as the linear C 19 hydrocarbon. Particularly preferred as another linear hydrocarbon is n-henicosan (C21 linear, saturated).

(i) from 50 to 90% by weight of linear C-17 hydrocarbons, preferably n-

heptadecane

(j) 10 to 50% by weight of linear C-19 hydrocarbons, preferably n-nonadecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

(A) 55 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 60 to 75 wt .-%, in particular 65 to 70 wt.% Linear C-17 hydrocarbons, preferably n-heptadecane.

(B) 20 to 45 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 40 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 30 wt.% Linear C-19 hydrocarbons, preferably, preferably n-nonadecane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, characterized in that the sum of the linear C 17 and linear C 19 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 70 wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 80 wt .-%, preferably greater than or equal to 90% by weight, more preferably greater than or equal to 95% by weight, in particular greater than or equal to 99% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of linear C 17 hydrocarbons to linear C 19 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5.

Particular preference is given to hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention in which the linear Cl 7 and / or linear C 19 hydrocarbons are saturated hydrocarbons, preferably both the linear C 17 and the linear C 19 hydrocarbon is a saturated hydrocarbon (n-heptadecane and n-nonadecane).

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention contain less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 3% by weight, of C 18 hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear C17 and linear C19 hydrocarbons, where the sum of the linear C 17 and linear C 19 hydrocarbons is greater than or equal to 60% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, and where the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 20, less than or equal to 15% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon mixtures in which the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 18, less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 8% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight, in particular less than or equal to, are particularly preferred 2 wt .-%, in each case based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear Cl 7 and linear C 19 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of linear C 17 and linear C 19 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 60 wt.% Based on the sum of Hydrocarbons and the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length of less than or equal to 16, less than or equal to 3% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 2% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 1.5% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 1% by weight .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, is.

In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixtures of the invention Cl 8 and C 20 hydrocarbons, preferably in the same weight ratio to each other as the linear Cl 7 hydrocarbons to the linear C 19 hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the weight ratio of linear C 17 hydrocarbons to linear C 19 hydrocarbons and the weight ratio of C 18 to C 20 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5.

Hydrocarbon mixture with linear C19 and linear C21 hydrocarbons A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1 and which linear C19 and contains linear C21 hydrocarbons. Preferably, the linear C19 hydrocarbon is n-nonadecane. Preferably, the linear C21 hydrocarbon n-henicosan. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention comprises linear C 19 and linear C 21 hydrocarbons and at least one further linear hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of CI 1, C 12, C 13, C 14, C 15, C 16, C 17, C 18, C 20 and C 23 hydrocarbons, preferably selected from the group consisting of CI l, Cl 3, Cl 5, C17 and C 23 hydrocarbons. Preferred are linear, saturated hydrocarbons. N-undecane is preferred as the linear C 1 carbon, n-tridecane being preferred as the linear C 13 hydrocarbon, n-heptadecane being preferred as the linear C 7 hydrocarbon.

(A) 50 to 90 wt .-% linear C-19 hydrocarbons, preferably n-nonadecane

(B) 10 to 50 wt .-% linear C-21 hydrocarbons, preferably n-henicosan based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

(A) 55 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 60 to 75 wt .-%, in particular 65 to 70 wt.% Linear C-19 hydrocarbons, preferably n-nonadecane.

(B) 20 to 45 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 40 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 30 wt.% Linear C-21 hydrocarbons, preferably, preferably n-henicosane based on the sum of the hydrocarbons

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, characterized in that the sum of the linear C 19 and linear C21 hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 70 wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 80 wt .-%, preferably greater than or equal to 90% by weight, more preferably greater than or equal to 95% by weight, in particular greater than or equal to 99% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of linear C19 hydrocarbons to linear C21 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5.

Particular preference is given to hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention in which the linear C19 and / or linear C21 hydrocarbons are saturated hydrocarbons, preferably both the linear C19 and the linear C21 hydrocarbon is a saturated hydrocarbon (n-nonadecane and n-henicosan).

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention contain less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 3% by weight, of C 20 hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear C19 and linear C21 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C19 and C21 linear hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 60 wt.% Based on the sum of the hydrocarbons and wherein the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 22, less than or equal to 15 wt .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, is. Hydrocarbon mixtures in which the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length greater than or equal to 22, less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 8% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight, in particular less than or equal to, are particularly preferred 2 wt .-%, in each case based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

A preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes containing linear C19 and linear C21 hydrocarbons, wherein the sum of the linear C19 and C21 linear hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 60 wt.% Based on the sum of the hydrocarbons and the sum of the hydrocarbons having a C chain length of less than or equal to 18, less than or equal to 3% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 2% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 1.5% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 1% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixtures C20 and C22 according to the invention contain hydrocarbons, preferably in the same weight ratio to each other as the linear C19 hydrocarbons to the linear C21 hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the weight ratio of linear C 19 hydrocarbons to linear C21 hydrocarbons and the weight ratio of C20 to C22 hydrocarbons is 1.5 to 3.5.

The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations, in particular as oil bodies and / or as dispersants.

Another object of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation, wherein a hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 13 is added to a cosmetically and / or pharmaceutically suitable carrier.

The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in cosmetic preparations for the care of skin and / or hair.

The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in cosmetic preparations for sun protection.

The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in preparations of decorative cosmetics, such as lipsticks, lip gloss, eye shadows, mascara (mascara), eye pencils (kohl), nail polish and in make-up formulations of all kinds (powder, cream, foundation, Cover pins, etc.). The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in preparations for cleansing the skin and / or hair, such as shampoos, shower gels, bath additives, conditioners, etc.

The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention are furthermore suitable for the preparation of finely divided emulsions, e.g. Nanoemulsions, microemulsions or PIT emulsions. In such finely divided emulsions, the oil droplets are usually in the range of 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 100 to 500 nm in diameter. These are prepared by processes known to the person skilled in the art, for PIT emulsions, for example in perfumery and cosmetics, Volume 77, No. 4/96, pp. 250-254 by Wadle et al. described.

Preparation of hydrocarbon mixtures

The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention can be obtained, for example, by reductive demethylation of vegetable fatty alcohols. The process of reductive dehydroxymethylation described in the international application PCT / EP2006 / 011647 (Cognis) is particularly suitable for the preparation of the hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention starting from fatty alcohols of vegetable origin. In this case, for example, fatty alcohols of desired C chain length can be subjected to the process described individually and the resulting hydrocarbons are mixed to give the hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention. However, it is preferred to subject a mixture containing the corresponding fatty alcohols directly to the reductive dehydroxymethylation, and thus to obtain as reaction product directly the hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention. This can then be used directly, without further purification, in cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation.

Cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations

Another object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.%, Preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 30 wt .-% of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes contains. The wt .-% refer to the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation.

The hydrocarbon mixtures present in the preparations according to the invention are always mixtures of at least two different hydrocarbons. These may differ in their C number by 1, 2, 3, 4 etc. carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations contain hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1, preferably by 2.

The proportion of the ¹⁴ C isotope of the ¹² C isotope in which contained in the inventive preparations hydrocarbon mixture is preferably greater than equal to 1 x 10 ^"16, in particular greater than or equal 1 x 10 ^{~ 15,} preferably greater than equal to 7.5 x ^{10" 14,} preferably not less than 1.5 x 10 ^"1, in particular greater than or equal to 3 x ^10" ', preferably, the proportion of the ¹⁴ C isotope to the' C isotopes in the range of 6 x 10 ^{^"13} to 1.2 x 10 ^{~ 12th} Reference quantity here are all hydrocarbons contained in the preparation according to the invention.

Preferably, the hydrocarbon mixture containing in the preparation according to the invention contains at least one hydrocarbon which contains ¹⁴ C isotopes, preferably contain 2 different hydrocarbons ¹⁴ C isotopes. The 2 different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1, preferably by 2, particularly preferably contain ¹⁴ C isotopes.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations comprise the hydrocarbon mixtures according to one of claims 1 to 13.

In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention contain hydrocarbons which are selected from the group of hydrocarbons having 7 to 23 carbon atoms, preferably 11 to 21 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention contain hydrocarbon mixtures which are less than or equal to 50% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 20% by weight, less than or equal to 10% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 5% by weight. in particular less than or equal to 1% by weight of branched hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons

The reference "sum of hydrocarbons" in cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations includes all hydrocarbons contained in the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation, regardless of their carbon number.

In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention comprise hydrocarbon mixtures which are less than or equal to 20% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 1% by weight. %, aromatic hydrocarbons based on the sum of the hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparations contain less than or equal to 0.1, in particular less than or equal to 0.01% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 0.001% by weight, of aromatic hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention comprise hydrocarbon mixtures which are less than or equal to 50% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 20% by weight, less than or equal to 10% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight. , preferably less than or equal to 1% by weight, of unsaturated hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparations contain less than or equal to 0.1, in particular less than or equal to 0.01% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 0.001% by weight of unsaturated hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons

In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention contain hydrocarbon mixtures which are less than or equal to 20% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 15% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 10% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 9% by weight. , in particular less than or equal to 8% by weight in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight of even-numbered hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

Another object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 30 wt .-% of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes , and in which 2 hydrocarbons different from each other make up at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

Particularly preferred are cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention in which the sum of the two mutually different hydrocarbons greater than or equal to 70 wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 80 wt .-%, preferably greater than or equal to 90 wt.%, Particularly preferably greater than or equal to 95 Wt .-%, in particular greater than or equal to 99 wt .-%, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, is. In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon mixture of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation consists exclusively of 2 mutually different hydrocarbons.

In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention comprise from 0.1 to 80% by weight, preferably from 5 to 50% by weight, in particular from 10 to 30% by weight, of a hydrocarbon mixture which contains ¹⁴ C isotopes. wherein 2 different hydrocarbon are selected from the group consisting of linear C 11 and linear C 13 hydrocarbons, linear Cl l and linear Cl 5 hydrocarbons linear C13 and linear Cl 5 hydrocarbons, linear C 15 and linear C 17 hydrocarbons, linear C 17 and linear C 19 hydrocarbons and / or linear C 19 and linear C21 hydrocarbons. These preparations can be obtained, for example, by using a hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention or by using defined amounts of individual hydrocarbons.

Particularly preferred are cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbon mixture

50 to 90 wt .-% of a hydrocarbon having the C number n contains 10 to 50 wt .-% of a hydrocarbon having the C number n + 2 contains based on the sum of the hydrocarbons. where n represents an integer from 7 to 23, preferably 11 to 21.

Particularly preferred are cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture

55 to 80 wt .-%, in particular 60 to 75 wt .-%, in particular 65 to 70

Wt.% Of a hydrocarbon having the C number n contains - 20 to 45 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 40 wt .-%, in particular 24 to 30

Wt.% Of a hydrocarbon having the C number n contains based on the sum of the hydrocarbons, wherein n represents an integer from 7 to 23, preferably 11 to 21.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of the hydrocarbons having the C number n to the hydrocarbon having the C number n + 2 in the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations is from 1.5 to 3.5.

The cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention are light and stable cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations, this is especially the case if they also contain antiperspirant / deodorant active ingredients.

An object of the invention therefore relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical Preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt .-% of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least one antiperspirant / deodorant active ingredient.

According to the invention are suitable as antiperspirant / deodorant active ingredient all drugs that counteract body odors, cover or eliminate them. Body odors are caused by the action of skin bacteria on apocrine sweat, forming unpleasant-smelling degradation products. Suitable antiperspirant / deodorant active compounds are in particular compounds selected from the group consisting of antiperspirants, esterase inhibitors, bactericidal or bacteriostatic agents and / or sweat-absorbing substances.

antiperspirants

Antiperspirants are salts of aluminum, zirconium or zinc. Such suitable antiperspirant active ingredients are e.g. Aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum dichlorohydrate, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate and their complex compounds e.g. With propylene glycol-1,2.

Aluminiumhydroxyallantoinat, aluminum chloride tartrate, aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium pen tachlorohydrat and their complex compounds z. With amino acids such as glycine. Preferably, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate and their complex compounds are used.

The preparations according to the invention may contain the antiperspirants in amounts of from 1 to 50, preferably from 5 to 30, and in particular from 8 to 25,% by weight, based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation.

esterase

In the presence of sweat in the underarm area, extracellular enzymes - esterases, preferably proteases and / or lipases - are formed by bacteria, which split the esters contained in sweat and thereby release odors. Suitable esterase inhibitors are preferably trialkyl citrates such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, triisopropyl citrate, tributyl citrate and in particular triethyl citrate (Hydagen® CAT, Cognis GmbH, Dusseldorf / FRG). The substances inhibit the enzyme activity and thereby reduce odors. Further substances which are suitable as esterase inhibitors are sterol sulfates or phosphates, such as, for example, lanosterol, cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and their esters, for example glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, Adipic acid monoethyl ester, diethyl adipate, malonic acid and diethyl malonate, hydroxycarboxylic acids and their esters such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or diethyl tartrate and zinc glycinate.

The preparations according to the invention may contain the esterase inhibitors in amounts of from 0.01 to 20, preferably from 0.1 to 10, and in particular from 0.3 to 5,% by weight, based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation.

Bactericidal or bacteriostatic agents

Typical examples of suitable bactericidal or bacteriostatic agents are in particular chitosan and phenoxyethanol. 5-Chloro-2- (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) -phenol, which is marketed under the trade name Irgasan® by Ciba-Geigy, Basel / CH, has also proved to be particularly effective. As germ-inhibiting agents are basically all effective against Gram-positive bacteria substances such. B. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid and its salts and esters, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N '- (3,4-dichloro-phenyl) -urea, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (triclosan) , 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,2'-methylenebis (6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 3-methyl-4- (1-methylethyl) phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 3- (4-chlorophenoxy) -l, 2-propanediol, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, chlorhexidine, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), antibacterial fragrances, thymol, thyme oil, eugenol, clove oil, menthol, mint oil , Farnesol, phenoxyethanol, glycerol monocaprinate, glycerol monocaprylate, glycerol monolaurate (GML), diglycerol monocaprinate (DMC), salicylic acid N-alkylamides, e.g. Salicylic acid n-octylamide or salicylic acid n-decylamide.

The preparations according to the invention may contain the bactericidal or bacteriostatic agents in amounts of from 0.01 to 5 and preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation.

Sweat absorbing substances

As sweat absorbing substances, modified starch such as e.g. Dry FIo Plus (National Starch), silicates, talc and other substances of similar modification that appear to be suitable for sweat absorption. The preparations according to the invention may contain the sweat-absorbing substances in amounts of from 0.1 to 30, preferably from 1 to 20, and in particular from 2 to 8,% by weight, based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation.

The cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention are light and stable cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations, this is especially the case if they further contain at least one UV light protection filter.

An object of the invention therefore relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least at least one UV photoprotective filter.

An object of the invention preferably relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number exceeds by more than 1 , preferably different by 2, and at least one UV photoprotective filter.

Erfϊndungsgemäß are suitable as UV light protection filter at room temperature liquid or crystalline organic substances (sunscreen), which are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and the absorbed energy in the form of longer-wave radiation, eg heat to give back. UV filters can be oil-soluble or water-soluble. Typical oil-soluble UV-B filters or broad-spectrum UV A / B filters are, for example: > 3-Benzylidencampher or 3-Benzylidennorcampher (Mexoryl SDS 20) and its derivatives, eg 3- (4-methylbenzylidene) camphor as described in EP 0693471 Bl

> 3- (4'-Trimethylammonium) benzylidenebornan-2-one methylsulfate (Mexoryl SO)

> 3,3 '- (1,4-phenylenedimethine) bis (7,7-dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-1-methanesulfonic acid) and salts (Mexoryl SX)

> 3- (4'-sulfo) -benzylidene-bornan-2-one and salts (Mexoryl SL)

> Polymer of N - {(2 and 4) - [2-oxoborn-3-ylidene) methyl} benzyl] acrylamide (Mexoryl SW)

> 2- (2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methyl-3- (1,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyloxy) -disiloxanyl) -propyl) -phenol (Mexoryl SL )

> 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate, 2-octyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate and 4- (dimethylamino) benzoic acid amyl ester;

Esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 4-methoxycinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid propyl ester, 4-methoxycinnamic acid isoamyl ester, 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (octocrylene);

Esters of salicylic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-isopropyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate;

> Derivatives of benzophenone, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;

Esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate;

> Triazine derivatives, e.g. 2,4,6-Trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-r-hexyloxy) -l, 3,5-triazine and 2,4,6-tris [p- (2-ethylhexyl-oxycarbonyl) Anilino] -l, 3,5-triazine (Uvinul T 150) as described in EP 0818450 Al or 4,4 '- [(6- [4- ((1,1-dimethylethyl) amino carbonyl) phenylamino ] -l, 3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl) diimino] bis (benzoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester) (Uvasorb® HEB);

> 2,2 (-Methylene bis (6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol) (Tinosorb M); > 2,4-bis [4- (2-ethylhexyloxy) -2-hydroxyphenyl] -6- (4-methoxyphenyl) -1, 3,5-triazine (Tinosorb S);

> Propane-1,3-diones, such as e.g. 1- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione;

> Ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives as described in EP 0694521 Bl;

Dimethicodiethylbenzalmalonate (Parsol SLX).

Suitable water-soluble UV filters are:

> 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and its alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and glucammonium salts;

> 2,2 (- (1,4-phenylene) bis (1H-benzimidazole-4,6-disulfonic acid, monosodium salt) (Neo Heliopan AP)

Sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and its salts;

Sulfonic acid derivatives of the 3-benzylidene camphor, e.g. 4- (2-oxo-3-bionylidenemethyl) benzenesulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bomylidene) -sulfonic acid and its salts.

As a typical UV-A filter in particular derivatives of benzoylmethane come into question, such as l- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-l, 3-dione, 4-tert-butyl 4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol® 1789), 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione and also enamine compounds as described in DE 19712033 A1 (BASF) and benzoic acid, 2- [ 4- (diethylamino) -2-hydroxybenzoyl], hexyl ester (Uvinul® A plus).

Of course, the UV-A and UV-B filters can also be used in mixtures. Particularly favorable combinations consist of the derivatives of benzoylmethane, for example 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol® 1789) and 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (octocrylene) in combination with esters cinnamic acid, preferably 4-methoxycinnamic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester and / or 4-methoxycinnamic acid propyl ester and / or 4-methoxycinnamic acid isoamyl ester. Advantageously, such combinations with water-soluble filters such as 2- Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and glucammonium combined.

Particularly suitable as UV light protection filters are those according to Annex VII of the Commission Directive (in the version of Commission Directive 2005/9 / EC of 28 January 2005 amending Council Directive 76/768 / EEC, concerning cosmetic purposes, for the purposes of adapting Annexes VII thereof to technical progress) substances, which are explicitly referred to here.

In addition to the soluble substances mentioned, insoluble photoprotective pigments, namely finely dispersed metal oxides or salts, are also suitable for this purpose. Examples of suitable metal oxides are in particular zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and, in addition, oxides of iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum and cerium and mixtures thereof. As salts silicates (talc), barium sulfate or zinc stearate can be used. The oxides and salts are used in the form of the pigments for skin-care and skin-protecting emulsions and also for decorative cosmetics. The particles should have an average diameter of less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm. They may have a spherical shape, but it is also possible to use those particles which have an ellipsoidal or otherwise deviating shape from the spherical shape. The pigments may also be surface-treated, ie hydrophilized or hydrophobicized. Typical examples are coated titanium dioxides, such as titanium dioxide T 805 (Degussa) or Eusolex® T, Eusolex® T-2000, Eusolex® T-Aqua, Eusolex® AVO, Eusolex® T-ECO, Eusolex® T-OLEO and Eusolex® TS (Merck). Typical examples are zinc oxides such as Zinc Oxide neutral, Zinc Oxide NDM (Symrise) or Z-Cote® (BASF) or SUNZnO-AS and SUNZnO-NAS (Sunjun Chemical Co. Ltd.). Suitable hydrophobic coating agents are in particular silicones and in particular trialkoxyoctylsilanes or simethicones. In sunscreens, so-called micro- or nanopigments are preferably used. Preferably, micronized zinc oxide is used. Further suitable UV photoprotective filters are the review by P.Finkel in SÖFW Journal 122, 8/1996, pp 543-548 and Parf.Kosm. Volume 80, No. 3/1999, pp. 10 to 16. In addition to the two aforementioned groups of primary light stabilizers, it is also possible to use secondary light stabilizers of the antioxidant type which interrupt the photochemical reaction chain which is triggered when UV radiation penetrates into the skin. Typical examples are amino acids (eg glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (eg urocaninic acid) and their derivatives, peptides such as D, L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and their derivatives (eg anserine) , Carotenoids, carotenes (eg carotene, carotene, lycopene) and their derivatives, chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, lipoic acid and its derivatives (eg dihydrolipoic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (eg thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, Cystamine and its glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters) and their salts, Dilaurylthiodipropionat, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and its derivatives (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and sulfoximine compounds (eg Buthioninsulfoximine, Homocysteinsulfoximin, Butioninsulfone, penta-, hexa-, Heptathioninsulfoximin) in very small contracts doses (eg pmol to mol / kg), furthermore (metal) chelators (eg α-hydroxyfatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin), α-hydroxy acids (eg citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acid, bile extracts, bilirubin, Biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and their derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (eg gamma-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid), folic acid and its derivatives, ubiquinone and ubiquinol and their derivatives, vitamin C and derivatives (eg ascorbyl palmitate, Mg ascorbyl phosphate , Ascorbyl acetate), tocopherols and derivatives (eg vitamin E acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate) as well as benzoic acid coniferyl benzoate, rutinic acid and its derivatives, α-glycosylrutin, ferulic acid, furfurylidene glucitol, carnosine, butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole , Nordihydroguajakharzsäure, Nordihydro- guajaretsäure, Trihydroxybutyrophenon, uric acid and its derivatives, mannose and its derivatives, superoxide dismutase, zinc and its Derivatives (eg ZnO, ZnSO4) selenium and its derivatives (eg selenium methionine), stilbenes and their derivatives (eg stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and the derivatives suitable according to the invention (salts, Esters, ethers, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of said active substances.

An object of the invention therefore relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least at least one UV photoprotective filter selected from the group consisting of 4-methylbenzylidene Camphor, Benzophenone-3, Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazines, Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone, Ethylhexyl Triazone and Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, 3- (4'-Trimethylammonium) benzylidenebornan-2-one methylsulfate, 3 , 3 '- (l, 4-

Phenylenedimethine) bis (7,7-dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo- [2.2.1he-1-methanesulfonic acid] and its salts, 3- (4'-sulfo) -benzylidene-bornan-2-one and its salts, polymer of N- {(2 and 4) - [2-oxoborn-3-ylidene) methyl} benzyl] acrylamide, 2- (2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methyl-3- ( l, 3,3,3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyloxy) disiloxanyl) propyl) phenol, dimethicone diethylbenzalmalonates and their mixtures.

An object of the invention therefore relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number is more than 1 , preferably differing by 2, and at least one UV photoprotective filter selected from the group consisting of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, benzophenone-3, butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazines, methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol, diethylhexyl butamido triazone, ethylhexyl triazone and diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoates, 3- (4'-trimethylammonium) benzylidenebornan-2-one methylsulfate, 3,3 '- (l, 4-

Phenylenedimethine) bis (7,7-dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-1-methanesulfonic acid) and its salts, 3- (4'-sulfo) -benzylidene-bornan-2-one and its salts, Polymer of N- {(2 and 4) - [2-oxoborn-3-ylidene) methyl} benzyl] acrylamide, 2- (2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methyl-3-) (l, 3,3,3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyloxy) disiloxanyl) propyl) phenol, dimethicodiethylbenzalmalonate and their mixtures. These UV photoprotective filters are commercially available, for example, under the following trade names:

NeoHeliopan®MBC (INCI: 4-methylbenzylidene camphor; manufacturer: Symrise); NeoHeliopan® BB (INCI: Benzophenone-3, manufacturer: Symrise); Parsol® 1789 (INCI: Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, Manufacturer: Hoffinann-La Roche (Givaudan); Tinosorb® S (INCI: Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazines); Tinosorb® M (INCI: Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol): Manufacturer: Ciba Specialty Chemicals Uvasorb® HEB (INCI: diethylhexyl butamido triazone, manufacturer: 3 V Inc.), Uvinul® T 150 (INCI: ethylhexyl triazone, manufacturer: BASF AG), Uvinul® A plus (INCI: diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate: manufacturer: BASF AG; Mexoryl® SO: 3- (4'-trimethylammonium) benzylidenebornan-2-one-methylsulfate, INCI: Camphor Benzalkonium Methosulfate; Mexoryl®SX: 3,3 '- (1,4-phenylenedimethine) -bis ( 7,7-dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-1-methanesulfonic acid), CTFA: INCI Terephthalylidene Dicamphor Sulfonic Acid; Mexory® SL: 3- (4'-sulfo) benzylidene-bornan-2-one , INCI Benzylidene Camphor Sulfonic Acid; Mexoryl® SW: Polymer of N - {(2 and 4) - [2-oxoborn-3-ylidene) methyl} benzyl] acrylamide, INCI Polyacrylamidomethyl Ben cylidene camphor; Mexoryl® SL: 2- (2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methyl-3- (1,3,3,3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyloxy) disiloxanyl) propyl) phenol ; INCI: DROMETRIZOLE TRISILOXANE; Parsol® SLX: Dimethicodiethylbenzalmalonate, INCI Polysilicone-15.

The preparations according to the invention may contain the UV light protection filters in amounts of from 0.5 to 30% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or or pharmaceutical preparation.

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing 'C isotopes, and at least at least one self-tanner. A preferred object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons, the carbon number of more than 1 , preferably different by 2, and at least one self-tanner.

As a self-tanner substances are to be understood, which cause a tanning of the skin. For example, as well as alpha, beta-unsubstituted aldehydes may be mentioned, which react with the amino acids of the skin in the sense of a Maillard reaction to colored compounds. Suitable active ingredients for self-tanning agents are natural or synthetic ketols or aldols. Examples of suitable active compounds are dihydroxyacetone, erythrulose, glycerol aldehyde, alloxan, hydroxymethylglyoxal, gamma-dialdehyde, 6-aldo-D-fructose, ninhydrin and meso-tartaric dialdehyde. Suitable self-tanning agents are, in particular, dihydroxyacetone and / or erythrulose.

Be particularly advantageous mixtures of o.g. Active substances among themselves or with mucondialdehyde or / and naphthoquinones such. For example, 5-hydroxy-l, 4-naphthoquinone (juglone) and 2-hydroxy-l, 4-naphthoquinone proved.

The compositions according to the invention usually contain the self-tanning agents in concentrations of from 1 to 10, in particular from 2 to 5,% by weight, based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation.

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least at least one self-tanner and at least one UV sunscreen.

A preferred subject of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number to more than 1, preferably differs by 2, and at least one UV photoprotective filter and at least one self-tanner.

The cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention can be present, for example, as O / W or W / O care emulsions, sunscreen formulation, AP / Deo concepts, formulations for decorative cosmetics, oily care preparations, impregnating liquids for substrates such as paper and non-woven products. Examples include wet wipes, handkerchiefs, diapers or hygiene products.

The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention and the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to the invention are also particularly suitable for light, sprayable applications and / or as constituents of care emulsions for tissues, papers, wipes, sponges (eg polyurethane sponges), patches in the field of baby hygiene, Baby Care, Skin Care, Sunscreen, After-SunTreatment, Insect Repellent, Cleansing, Facial Cleansing, and AP / Deo application. They can be applied to tissues, papers, wipes, fleece products, sponges, puffs, plasters and bandages, which are used in the field of cleaning, hygiene and / or care (wet wipes for baby hygiene and baby care, cleaning wipes, Facial cleansing wipes, skin wipes, wipes with anti-aging agents, wipes with sunscreen formulations and insect repellents, wipes for decorative or after-sun treatments, toilet wipes, antiperspirant wipes, diapers, handkerchiefs, wet wipes, hygiene products, self-tanning wipes, toilet paper , Refreshment towels, after-shave towels). You can u.a. also in preparations for hair care, hair cleaning or hair coloring use. By using the hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention, the sensory behavior is positively influenced during administration

The hydrocarbon mixtures according to the invention are particularly suitable as constituents of preparations of decorative cosmetics, such as lipsticks, eye make-up, such as eyeshadow, mascara, eyeliner, kohl, nail polish, etc., and make-up formulations. An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least at least one pigment and / or a dye.

A preferred subject of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number is more than 1 , preferably different by 2, and at least one pigment and / or one dye.

The term pigment includes particles of any shape which are white or colored, organic or inorganic, insoluble in the formulations, and serve the purpose of coloring the preparation.

In a preferred embodiment, inorganic pigments are used, metal oxides are particularly preferred.

Examples of inorganic pigments are: titanium dioxide, optionally surface-coated, zirconium or cerium oxides and zinc, iron (black, yellow or red) and chromium oxides, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromate and iron (III) blue, metal powder such as aluminum powder or copper powder.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pigment is selected from the inorganic pigments, preferably from the metal oxides. In a preferred embodiment, the pigment is selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide and mixtures thereof.

The pigments can be present both individually and in mixtures. Pigment mixtures of white pigments (for example kaolin, titanium dioxide or zinc oxide) and inorganic color pigments (for example iron oxide pigments, chromium oxides) are preferred for the purposes of the present invention, the pigments being coated ("coated"). or uncoated. Among the color pigments, iron oxides are particularly preferred.

Advantageous in the context of the present invention, the pigment or pigments can also be selected from the group of effect pigments, which of the cosmetic preparation in addition to the pure color an additional property - such. B. an angular dependence of the color (iridescent, flop), gloss (not surface gloss) or texture - confer. According to the invention, such effect pigments are advantageously used in addition to one or more white and / or color pigments.

The most important group of effect pigments are the luster pigments, which according to DIN 55944: 2003-11 include the metallic effect pigments and the pearlescent pigments. Some special effect pigments can not be assigned to these two groups, eg. As platelet graphite, platelet-shaped iron oxide and micronized titanium dioxide, wherein micronized titanium dioxide produces no gloss effect, but an angle-dependent light scattering effect. The luster pigments according to DEST 55943: 2001-10 are predominantly platelet-shaped effect pigments. Parallel oriented luster pigments show a characteristic shine. The optical effect of luster pigments is based on the directed reflection of metallic particles (metallic effect pigments), on transparent particles with high refractive index (pearlescent pigments) or on the phenomenon of interference (interference pigments) (DIN 55944: 2003-1 1).

Examples of commercially available effect pigments which are preferred according to the invention are: Timiron and # 174; from Merck, Iriodin and # 174; from Merck (pearl and color gloss pigments for decorative technical applications), Xirallic and # 174; from Merck (color intensive crystals effect pigments).

Furthermore, the preparations according to the invention may advantageously also contain organic color pigments, ie organic dyes which are practically insoluble in the preparation. According to DIN 55944: 1990-04, organic pigments can be prepared from chemical aspects in azo pigments and polycyclic pigments as well as according to color Be classified in terms of color or black pigments. organic

White pigments are of no practical importance.

Within the meaning of the present invention, the pigments can also be used advantageously in the form of commercially available oily or aqueous predispersions.

The preparations according to the invention usually contain from 0.1 to 40% by weight.

Pigments - based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical

Preparation.

It is furthermore advantageous for the purposes of the present invention if the preparation according to the invention contains one or more dyes.

The dyes can be of both synthetic and natural origin. A list of suitable dyes can be found in EP 1 371 359 A2, p. 8, lines 25-57, p. 9 and p. 10, and pp. 1, lines 1 to 54, to which reference is hereby explicitly made. The preparations according to the invention usually contain 0.01 to 5, preferably 0.1 to 1.0 wt .-% dyes - based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation. The preparations according to the invention usually contain a total amount of dyes and pigments in the range of 0.01 to 30 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 10 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation.

Suitable dyes and pigments are, in particular, the dyes and pigments approved in accordance with Annex IV of the Commission Directive (in the version: Commission Directive 2007/22 / EC of 17 April 2007 amending Council Directive

76/768 / EEC, concerning cosmetic purposes, for the purposes of adapting Annexes IV and VI to technical progress) substances, which are hereby incorporated by reference.

The cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations may be personal care formulations, e.g. As a body milk, creams, lotions, sprayable emulsions, products for the elimination of body odor, etc. The hydrocarbon mixtures can also be used in surfactant-containing formulations such. B. foam and shower baths, Use shampoos and conditioners. Depending on the application, the cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations contain a number of other auxiliaries and additives, such as surfactants, other oil, emulsifiers, pearlescent, consistency, thickening, superfatting, stabilizers, polymers, fats, waxes, lecithins, phospholipids, biogenic agents Antidandruff agents, film formers, swelling agents, insect repellents, self-tanner, tyrosinase inhibitors (depigmenting agents), hydrotropes, solubilizers, preservatives, perfume oils, dyes, etc., which are listed below by way of example.

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least one emulsifier and / or a surfactant and / or a wax component and / or a polymer and / or another oil body.

A preferred object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons, the carbon number of more than 1 , preferably by 2, and at least one emulsifier and / or a surfactant and / or a wax component and / or a polymer and / or another oil body.

emulsifier

In one embodiment of the invention, the preparations according to the invention contain at least one emulsifier.

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least one emulsifier. A preferred subject matter of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing from 0.1 to 80% by weight of hydrocarbons, one

Hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons, the carbon

Number differs by more than 1, preferably by 2, and at least one

Emulsifier.

The compositions according to the invention usually contain the emulsifier (s) in an amount of 0 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 15% by weight and in particular 0.1 to 10 wt .-% based on the

Total weight of the composition.

Each emulsifier is assigned a so-called HLB value (a dimensionless number between 0 and 20) which indicates whether a preferred water or oil solubility is present.

Numbers below 9 preferably indicate oil-soluble, hydrophobic emulsifiers, numbers over 11 water-soluble, hydrophilic emulsifiers.

The HLB value says something about the balance of the size and strength of the hydrophilic and the lipophilic groups of an emulsifier.

The HLB value of an emulsifier can also be calculated from increments, with the HLB increments for the different hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups that make up a molecule. As a rule, it can be taken from tables (eg H. P. Fiedler, Encyclopaedia of Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics and Adjacent Areas, Editio Cantor Verlag, Aulendorf, 4th edition 1996) or the manufacturer's instructions. The solubility of the emulsifier in the two phases practically determines the type of emulsion. If the emulsifier is better soluble in water, an O / W emulsion is obtained. On the other hand, if the emulsifier has better solubility in the oiphase, a W / O emulsion is formed under otherwise identical production conditions.

In one embodiment of the invention, the preparation according to the invention contains more than one emulsifier. The skilled artisan will employ conventional emulsifier systems (such as emulsifier and co-emulsifier) depending on the other components.

Nonionic emulsifiers

The group of nonionic emulsifiers include, for example: (1) addition products of 2 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 1 to 20 moles of propylene oxide to linear fatty alcohols having 8 to 40 carbon atoms, to fatty acids having 12 to 40 carbon atoms and to alkylphenols having 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.

(2) C ₂ -C ₈ fatty acid mono- and diesters of addition products of 1 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide with glycerol.

(3) sorbitan mono- and diesters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products.

(4) Alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and their ethoxylated analogs.

(5) addition products of 7 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil.

(6) polyol and in particular polyglycerol esters, such as. Polyolpoly-12-hydroxystearate, Polyglycerinpolyricinoleat, Polyglycerindiisostearat or Polyglycerindimerat. Also suitable are mixtures of compounds of several of these classes of substances.

(7) addition products of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hydrogenated castor oil.

(8) partial esters based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid and polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (eg sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (eg methyl glucoside , Butyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside) as well as polyglucosides (eg cellulose), or mixed esters such. Glyceryl stearate citrate and glyceryl stearate lactate.

(9) Polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives.

(10) mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol and / or mixed esters of fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerol or polyglycerol.

The addition products of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide to fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of fatty acids or to castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are mixtures of homologs whose mean Degree of alkoxylation Ratio of the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate, with which the addition reaction is carried out corresponds. Depending on the degree of ethoxylation, these are W / O or O / W emulsifiers. ₂ Ci _/ i ₈ fatty acid monoesters and diesters of addition products of ethylene oxide onto glycerol are known as refatting agents for cosmetic preparations.

According to the invention particularly useful and mild emulsifiers are polyol poly-12-hydroxystearates and mixtures thereof which, for example, under the trademarks "Dehymuls ^® PGPH" (W / O-emulsifier) or "Eumulgin ^® VL 75" (mixture of lauryl glucoside in a weight ratio of 1: 1, O / W emulsifier) or Dehymuls® ^® SBL (W / O emulsifier) are marketed by Cognis Germany GmbH. In this context, reference is made in particular to the European patent EP 766 661 Bl. The polyol component of these emulsifiers can be derived from substances which have at least two, preferably from 3 to 12 and in particular from 3 to 8 hydroxyl groups and from 2 to 12 carbon atoms.

Particularly preferred emulsifiers are z. B. Cetyl dimethicone copolyol (eg Abil EM-90), polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearates (eg Dehymuls PGPH), polyglycerol-3-diisostearates (eg Lameform TGI), polyglyceryl-4 isostearates (eg Isolan GI 34), polyglyceryl-3 oleates ( eg Isolan GO 33), diisostearoyl polyglyceryl-3 diisostearates (eg isolan PDI), polyglyceryl-3 methylglucose distearates (eg Tego Care 450), polyglyceryl-3 beeswax (eg Cera Bellina), polyglyceryl-4 caprate (eg polyglycerol caprate T2010 / 90 ), Polyglyceryl-3 cetyl ethers (eg Chimexane NL), polyglyceryl-3 distearates (eg Cremophor GS 32) and polyglyceryl polyricinoleates (eg Admul WOL 1403), glyceryl oleates (eg Monomuls 90-O 18), alkyl glucosides (cf. eg Plantacare 1200, Emulgade PL 68/50, Montanov 68, Tego Care CG 90, Tego Glucoside L 55), Methyl Glucose Isostearate (eg Tego Care IS), Methyl Glucose Sesquistearate (Tego Care PS), Sodium Cocoyl Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein (eg Gluadin WK), Potassium Cetyl Phosphate (eg Amphisol K, Crodafos CKP), Sodium Alkyl Sulfate (eg Lanette E), Su crose esters (eg Crodesta F-10, F-20, F-50, F-70, F-110, F-160, SL-40, Emulgade® sucro), ethoxylated and / or propoxylated fatty alcohols, fatty acids, castor oils or hydrogenated fatty acids Castor oils (eg Eumulgin B2, B2, B3, L, HRE 40, HRE 60, RO 40, Cremophor HRE 40, HRE 60, L, WO 7, Dehymuls HRE 7, Arlacel 989), PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearates (eg Arlacel P 135, Dehymuls LE), sorbitan esters, sorbitan esters ethoxylated and / or propoxylated and mixtures thereof. A particularly effective mixture consists of polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearates and lauryl glucosides and glycerol (eg Eumulgin VL 75). Also suitable are polyglyceryl-4 diisostearates /

Polyhydroxystearates / sebacates (Isolan GPS), diisostearoyl polyglyceryl-3 diisostearates (eg Isolan PDI), alkali salts acylglutamates (e.g., Eumulgin SG).

As lipophilic W / O emulsifiers are in principle suitable emulsifiers with an HLB value of 1 to 8, which are summarized in numerous tables and known in the art. Some of these emulsifiers are listed, for example, in Kirk-Othmer, "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology", 3rd Ed., 1979, Volume 8, page 913. For ethoxylated products, the HLB value can also be calculated according to the following formula: HLB = (100-L): 5, where L is the proportion by weight of the lipophilic groups, ie. H. the fatty alkyl or fatty acyl groups in weight percent, in the ethylene oxide adducts.

Particularly advantageous from the group of W / O emulsifiers are partial esters of polyols, especially of C ₄ -C ₆ polyols, such as partial esters of pentaerythritol or sugar esters, eg. B. sucrose distearate, sorbitan monoisostearate, sorbitan sesquiisostearate, sorbitan diisostearate, sorbitan triisostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan trioleate, Sorbitanmonoerucat, Sorbitansesquierucat, Sorbitandierucat, Sorbitantrierucat, Sorbitanmonoricinoleat, Sorbitansesquiricinoleat, Sorbitandiricinoleat, Sorbitantriricinoleat,

Sorbitanmonohydroxystearat, Sorbitansesquihydroxystearat, sorbitan dihydroxystearate, Sorbitantrihydroxystearat, Sorbitanmonotartrat, Sorbitansesquitartrat, Sorbitanditartrat, Sorbitantritartrat, Sorbitanmonocitrat, Sorbitansesquicitrat, Sorbitandicitrat, sorbitan, sorbitan, sorbitan, sorbitan, sorbitan trimaleate and technical mixtures thereof. Also suitable as emulsifiers are addition products of from 1 to 30, preferably from 5 to 10, mol of ethylene oxide with the stated sorbitan esters. Depending on the formulation, it may be advantageous additionally to use at least one emulsifier from the group of nonionic O / W emulsifiers (HLB value: 8-18) and / or solubilizers. These are, for example, the already mentioned in the introduction ethylene oxide adducts with a correspondingly high degree of ethoxylation, z. B. 10 - 20 ethylene oxide units for O / W emulsifiers and 20 - 40 ethylene oxide units for so-called solubilizers. According to the invention, particularly advantageous as O / W emulsifiers are ceteareth-12 and PEG-20 stearate. The solubilizers are preferably suitable Eumulgin ^® HRE 40 (INCI: PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil), Eumulgin ^® HRE 60 (INCI: PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil), Eumulgin ^® L (INCI: PPG-l-PEG-9 Laurylglycolether) and Eumulgin ^® SML 20 (INCI: polysorbate-20).

Nonionic emulsifiers from the group of alkyl oligoglycosides are particularly skin-friendly and therefore preferably suitable as O / W emulsifiers. C ₈ -C ₂₂ alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides, their preparation and their use are known from the prior art. They are prepared in particular by reacting glucose or oligosaccharides with primary alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. With regard to the glycoside radical, both monoglycosides in which a cyclic sugar residue is glycosidically linked to the fatty alcohol and oligomeric glycosides having a degree of oligomerization of preferably approximately 8 are suitable. The degree of oligomerization is a statistical mean, which is based on a homolog distribution typical for such technical products. Products which are available under the name Plantacare ^®, containing a glucosidic bond _C8) whose average degree of oligomerization ₆ alkyl group on an oligoglucoside 1 to the second The glucamine-derived acylglucamides are also suitable as nonionic emulsifiers. Preferred according to the invention is a product which is marketed under the name Emulgade PL 68/50 by Cognis Deutschland GmbH and represents a 1: 1 mixture of alkyl polyglucosides and fatty alcohols. Also advantageously usable according to the invention is a mixture of lauryl glucoside, polyglyceryl-2-dipolyhydroxystearate, glycerol and water, which is commercially available under the name Eumulgin VL 75. Other suitable emulsifiers are substances such as lecithins and phospholipids. Examples of natural lecithins include the cephalins, which are also referred to as phosphatidic acids and derivatives of l, 2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoric acids. On the other hand, phospholipids are usually understood as meaning mono- and preferably diesters of phosphoric acid with glycerol (glycerol phosphates), which are generally regarded as fats. In addition, sphingosines or sphingolipids are also suitable.

As emulsifiers, for example, silicone emulsifiers may be included. These can be selected, for example, from the group of alkylmethicone copolyols and / or alkyl dimethicone copolyols, in particular from the group of compounds which are characterized by the following chemical structure:

in which X and Y are independently selected from the group H (hydrogen) and the branched and unbranched alkyl groups, acyl groups and alkoxy groups having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, p represents a number from 0-200, q represents a number from 1-40, and r represents a number from 1-100.

An example of silicone emulsifiers which are particularly advantageous for the purposes of the present invention are dimethicone copolyols which have been sold by Evonik Goldschmidt under the trade names AXIL® B 8842, ABIL® B 8843, ABIL® B 8847, ABIL® B 8851, ABIL® B 8852, ABIL® B 8863, ABIL® B 8873 and ABIL® B 88183 are sold.

A further example of surface-active substances to be used particularly advantageously in the context of the present invention is the cetyl PEG / PPG-10/1 dimethicone (Cetyl dimethicone copolyol), which is sold by Evonik Goldschmidt under the trade name ABIL® EM 90.

A further example of surface-active substances to be used particularly advantageously for the purposes of the present invention is the cyclomethicone dimethicone copolyol, which is sold by Evonik Goldschmidt under the trade name ABIL (DEM 97 and ABIL.WE 09).

In addition, the emulsifier Lauryl PEG / PPG-18/18 Methicone (lauryl methicone copolyol), which has been sold under the trade name Dow Corning® 5200 Formulation Aid by Dow Corning Ltd., has proved to be particularly advantageous. is available.

Another advantageous silicone emulsifier is octyl dimethicone ethoxy glucoside from Wacker.

For a water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to the invention, it is possible to use all known emulsifiers used for this emulsion type. Particularly preferred water-in-silicone emulsifiers according to the invention are cetyl PEG / PPG-10/1 dimethicones and lauryl PEG / PPG-18/18 methicones [eg. B. ABIL® EM 90 Evonik Goldschmidt), DC5200 Formulation Aid (Dow Corning)] and any mixtures of both emulsifiers.

surfactants

In one embodiment of the invention, the preparations according to the invention contain at least one surfactant.

Surfactants are amphiphilic substances that can dissolve organic, nonpolar substances in water. Due to their specific molecular structure with at least one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic part of the molecule, they provide for a reduction in the surface tension of the water, the wetting of the skin, the relief of the coating and solution, a gentle rinsing off and - as desired - for foam regulation. Surfactants are usually understood to be surface-active substances which have an HLB value of greater than 20.

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt .-% of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least one surfactant.

A preferred subject of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt .-% of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number is more than 1, preferably 2, and at least one surfactant.

Surfactants which may be present are anionic, nonionic, cationic and / or amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants. In surfactant-containing cosmetic preparations, such as shower gels, foam baths, shampoos, etc., preferably at least one anionic surfactant is included.

The compositions according to the invention usually contain the surfactant (s) in an amount of 0 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 30% by weight, in particular 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 15% by weight .-% and in particular 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

Typical examples of nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid polyglycol ethers, fatty acid amide polyglycol ethers, fatty amine polyglycol ethers, alkoxylated triglycerides, mixed ethers, optionally partially oxidized alk (en) yloligoglycosides or glucuronic acid derivatives, fatty acid N-alkylglucamides, protein hydrolysates (in particular vegetable products Wheat base), polyol fatty acid esters, sugar esters, sorbitan esters, polysorbates and amine oxides. If the nonionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains can these have a conventional, but preferably a narrow homolog distribution.

Zwitterionic surfactants are those surface-active compounds which carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one -COO or -SO group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines such as N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinates, for example cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammoniumglycinates, for example cocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-ylcinates. Carboxylmethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazoline having in each case 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and Kokosacylaminoethylhydroxyethyl- carboxymethylglycinat. A preferred zwitterionic surfactant is the fatty acid amide derivative known by the INCI name Cocamidopropyl Betaine.

Also suitable, in particular as cosurfactants, are ampholytic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are to be understood as meaning those surface-active compounds which, apart from a Cg-C _{] 8} -alkyl or acyl group in the molecule, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SO H group and for the formation of internal salts are capable. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodiproic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids each having about 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethyl aminopropionate and C _2-18 acyl sarcosine.

Typical examples of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are alkyl betaines, alkyl amidobetaines, aminopropionates, aminoglycinates, imidazolinium betaines and sulfobetaines. The surfactants mentioned are exclusively known compounds. As regards the structure and production of these substances, reference should be made to relevant reviews in this field. Typical examples of particularly suitable mild, ie particularly skin-friendly surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, fatty acid glutamates, α-olefinsulfonates, ether carboxylic acids, alkyl oligoglucosides and / or mixtures thereof with alkyl oligoglucoside carboxylates, fatty acid glucamides, alkylamidobetaines, amphoacetals and / or protein fatty acid condensates, the latter preferably based on wheat proteins or their salts.

Anionic surfactants are characterized by a water-solubilizing, anionic group such. B. a carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate or phosphate group and a lipophilic radical. Skin-compatible anionic surfactants are known to those skilled in large numbers from relevant manuals and commercially available. These are, in particular, alkyl sulfates in the form of their alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium salts, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyl isethionates, acylsarcosinates, acyltaurines having linear alkyl or acyl groups having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and sulfosuccinates and acylglutamates in the form of their alkali metal or ammonium salts.

Typical examples of anionic surfactants are soaps, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, α-methyl ester sulfonates, sulfo fatty acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, fatty acid ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates , Mono- and dialkylsulfosuccinates, mono- and dialkylsulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, N-acylamino acids such as acyl lactylates, acyl tartrates, acyl glutamates and acylaspartates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, protein fatty acid condensates (especially vegetable products Wheat base) and alkyl (ether) phosphates. If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, these may have a conventional, but preferably a narrow homolog distribution.

Quaternary ammonium compounds can be used in particular as cationic surfactants. Preference is given to ammonium halides, in particular chlorides and bromides, such as alkyltrimethylammonium chlorides, dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides and trialkyl methylammonium chlorides, e.g. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and tricetylmethylammonium chloride. Furthermore, the very readily biodegradable quaternary ester compounds, such as the sold under the trademark Stepantex ^® dialkyl ammonium methosulfates and Methylhydroxyalkyldialkoyloxyalkyl- ammonium methosulfates and the corresponding products of the Dehyquart ^® series, can be used as cationic surfactants. The term "esterquats" is generally understood to mean quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts. They can impart a special softness to the compositions according to the invention. These are known substances which are prepared by the relevant methods of organic chemistry. Further cationic surfactants which can be used according to the invention are the quaternized protein hydrolysates.

wax component

In one embodiment of the invention, the preparations according to the invention contain at least one wax component.

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least one wax component.

A preferred object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons, the carbon number of more than 1 , preferably different by 2, and at least one wax component.

The compositions according to the invention usually contain the wax component (s) in an amount of from 0 to 40% by weight, in particular from 0 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight and in particular from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

The term wax is usually understood to mean all natural or artificially produced substances and mixtures having the following properties: they are of solid to brittle hard consistency, coarse to fine-crystalline, translucent to hazy and melt above 30 ° C. without decomposition. They are already slightly above the melting point low viscosity and non-stringy and show a strong temperature-dependent consistency and solubility. According to the invention use is a wax component or a mixture of wax components which melt at 30 ⁰ C or above.

Fats and fat-like substances with a waxy consistency can also be used as waxes according to the invention, as long as they have the required melting point. These include u.a. Fats (triglycerides), mono- and diglycerides, natural and synthetic waxes, fatty and wax alcohols, fatty acids, esters of fatty alcohols and fatty acids and fatty acid amides or any mixtures of these substances.

Fats are triacylglycerols, ie the triple esters of fatty acids with glycerol. Preferably, they contain saturated, unbranched and unsubstituted fatty acid residues. These may also be mixed esters, ie triple esters of glycerol with different fatty acids. Usable according to the invention and particularly suitable as bodying agents are so-called hardened fats and oils which are obtained by partial hydrogenation. Herbal hardened fats and oils are preferred, e.g. As hardened castor oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, linseed oil, almond oil, corn oil, olive oil, sesame oil, cocoa butter and coconut oil.

Suitable include the triple esters of glycerol with C12-C60 fatty acids and in particular C12-C36 fatty acids. These include hydrogenated castor oil, a triple ester of glycerol and a Hy droxy stearic acid, for example, under the name Cutina HR in the trade. Also suitable are glyceryl tristearate, glycerol tribehenate (e.g. Syncrowax HRC), glycerol tripalmitate or the triglyceride mixtures known under the name Syncrowax HGLC, with the proviso that the melting point of the wax component or of the mixture is at 30 ° C. or above.

Mono and diglycerides or mixtures of these partial glycerides can be used according to the invention as wax components. The glyceride mixtures which can be used according to the invention include the products marketed by Cognis Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Novata AB and Novata B (mixture of C12-C18 mono-, di- and triglycerides) and Cutina MD or Cutina GMS (glyceryl stearate).

The fatty alcohols which can be used according to the invention as a wax component include the C12-C50 fatty alcohols. The fatty alcohols can be obtained from natural fats, oils and waxes, such as myristyl alcohol, 1-pentadecanol, cetyl alcohol, 1-heptadecanol, stearyl alcohol, 1-nonadecanol, arachidyl alcohol, 1-heneicosanol, behenyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol, lignoceryl alcohol, ceryl alcohol or myricyl alcohol. Preferred according to the invention are saturated unbranched fatty alcohols. But also unsaturated, branched or unbranched fatty alcohols can be used according to the invention as a wax component, as long as they have the required melting point. Fettalkoholschnitte, as used in the reduction of naturally occurring fats and oils such. As beef tallow, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, palm kernel oil, linseed oil, castor oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, cocoa butter and coconut oil. But it can also synthetic alcohols, eg. As the linear, even-numbered fatty alcohols of the Ziegler synthesis (Alfole) or the partially branched alcohols from the oxo synthesis (Dobanols) can be used. C 14-22 fatty alcohols which are particularly preferred according to the invention are C 14 -C 22 -fatty alcohols which are obtainable, for example, from Cognis Deutschland GmbH under the name Lanette 18 (C 18 -alcohol), Lanette 16 (C 16 -alcohol), Lanette 14 (C 14 -alcohol), Lanette O. (C 16 / Cl 8 alcohol) and Lanette 22 (C 18 / C22 alcohol) are marketed. Fatty alcohols give the compositions a drier skin sensation than triglycerides and are therefore preferred over the latter. As wax components it is also possible to use C14-C40 fatty acids or mixtures thereof. These include, for example, myristic, pentadecane, palmitic, margarine, stearic, nonadecane, arachin, beehive, lignocerin, cerotin, melissin, eruca and elaeostearic and substituted fatty acids, such as. 12-hydroxystearic acid, and the amides or monoethanolamides of the fatty acids, this list being given by way of example and not by way of limitation.

For example, natural vegetable waxes such as candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, esparto grass wax, cork wax, guaruma wax, rice germ oil wax, sugarcane wax, ouricury wax, montan wax, sunflower wax, fruit waxes such as orange waxes, lemon waxes, grapefruit wax, bayberry wax (= Bayberrywax) and animal waxes such as z. B. beeswax, shellac wax, spermaceti, wool wax and raffia fat. For the purposes of the invention it may be advantageous to use hydrogenated or hardened waxes. The natural waxes usable according to the invention also include the mineral waxes, such as. As ceresin and ozokerite or the petrochemical waxes such. As petrolatum, paraffin waxes and microwaxes. As a wax component and chemically modified waxes, especially the hard waxes, such as. As Montanesterwachse, Sasol waxes and hydrogenated jojoba waxes used. The synthetic waxes which can be used according to the invention include, for example, waxy polyalkylene waxes and polyethylene glycol waxes. Vegetable waxes are preferred according to the invention.

The wax component can also be selected from the group of wax esters of saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched alkanecarboxylic acids and saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched alcohols, from the group of esters of aromatic carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, tricarboxylic acids or hydroxycarboxylic acids (for example 12-hydroxystearic acid) and saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched alcohols, and also from the group of the lactides of long-chain hydroxycarboxylic acids. Examples of such esters are the C16-C40 alkyl stearates, C20-C40 alkyl stearates (eg Kester wax K82H), C20-C40 dialkyl esters of dimer acids, C18-C38 alkyl hydroxystearoyl stearates or C20-C40 alkyl erucates. Furthermore, C30-C50 Alkyl beeswax, tristearyl citrate, triisostearyl citrate, stearyl heptanoate, stearyl octanoate, trilauryl citrate, ethylene glycol dipalmitate, ethylene glycol distearate, ethylene glycol di (12-hydroxystearate), stearyl stearate, palmityl stearate, stearyl behenate, cetyl ester, cetearyl behenate and behenyl behenate. Also Fettsäurepartialglyceride, ie technical mono and / or diesters of glycerol with fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms such as glycerol mono / dilaurate, palmitate, - myristate or stearate come into question.

Pearlescent waxes are also suitable as waxes. Pearlescent waxes, in particular for use in surface-active formulations, are, for example: alkylene glycol esters, especially ethylene glycol distearate; Fatty acid alkanolamides, especially coconut fatty acid diethanolamide; Partial glycerides, especially stearic acid monoglyceride; Esters of polybasic, optionally hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acids with fatty alcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain esters of tartaric acid; Fatty substances, such as fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates, which in total have at least 24 carbon atoms, especially lauron and distearyl ether; Fatty acids such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic acid, ring-opening products of olefin epoxides having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols having 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or polyols having 2 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups and mixtures thereof. polymers

In one embodiment of the invention, the preparations according to the invention comprise at least one polymer.

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least one polymer.

A preferred subject of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons at least 2 contain different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1, preferably by 2, and at least one polymer.

The compositions according to the invention usually contain the polymer (s) in an amount of from 0 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight and in particular from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the Composition.

Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives, such as. Example, a quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose obtainable under the name Polymer JR 400 ^® from Amerchol, cationic starch, copolymers of diallyl ammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazole polymers, for example Luviquat ^® (BASF), condensation products of polyglycols and amines, quaternized, collagen polypeptides, for example lauryldimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat® ^® L / Grunau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers such. B. amidomethicones, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethylaminohydroxypropyldiethylenetriamine

(Cartaretine ^® / Sandoz), copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (Merquat ^® 550 / Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides, cationic chitin derivatives such as quaternized chitosan, optionally microcrystalline distributed, condensation products of dihaloalkylene, such as dibromobutane with bis-dialkylamines such. B. bis-dimethylamino-l, 3-propane, cationic guar gum such as Jaguar ^® CBS, Jaguar ^® C-17, Jaguar ^® C-16 from Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers such. B. Mirapol ^® A-15, Mirapol ^® AD-I, Mirapol ^® AZ-I of the company Miranol.

Suitable anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic polymers are, for example, vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acrylate copolymers, vinyl acetate / butyl maleate / isobornyl acrylate copolymers,

Methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers and their esters, uncrosslinked and polyols crosslinked polyacrylic acids, acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride / acrylate copolymers, octylacrylamide / methyl methacrylate / tert.butylaminoethyl methacrylate / 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinyl Caprolactam terpolymers and optionally derivatized cellulose ethers and silicones in question.

Also suitable as polymers are polysaccharides, especially xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and Tyloses and, for example, Aerosil types (hydrophilic silicas), carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and bentonites such. B. Bentone ^® Gel VS-5PC (Rheox).

Also suitable are so-called quaternary polymers, for example with the INCI name Polyquaternium-37, which correspond to the following general formula: xCl ^"

Alternatively, other dialkylaminoalkyl

(meth) acrylates and their by alkylation or

Protonation available ammonium salts or

Dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamides and their by

Alkylation or protonation available ammonium salts can be used. Particularly preferred are polymers containing MAPTAC, APTAC,

MADAME, ADAME, DMAEMA and TMAEMAC. In addition, it is also possible to use copolymers with anionic, other cationic or uncharged monomers according to the invention, in particular those which, in addition to the abovementioned

Alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylate or - (meth) acrylamide monomers in addition

(Meth) acrylic acid and / or 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and / or

Acrylamide and / or vinylpyrrolidone and / or alkyl (meth) acrylates.

Examples of such polymers with the INCI name Polyquaternium-11, Polyquaternium-13, Polyquaternium-14, Polyquaternium-15, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium-32, Polyquaternium-43, Polyquaternium-47 mentioned.

oil body

In one embodiment of the invention, the preparations according to the invention comprise at least one oil body. Usually, the inventive Preparations the hydrocarbon mixture as oil body. In the embodiment mentioned here as preferred, the preparations thus contain an oil body other than the carbon mixture according to the invention, also referred to as "further oil body".

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least one a (further) oil body.

A preferred object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons, the carbon number of more than 1 , preferably different by 2, and at least one (further) oil body.

The oil bodies (inventive hydrocarbon mixture plus other oil bodies) are usually in a total amount of 0.1-90, in particular 0.1-80, in particular 0.5 to 70, preferably 1 to 60, in particular 1 to 50 wt .-%, in particular from 1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 5 to 25% by weight and in particular from 5 to 15% by weight. The other oil bodies are usually present in an amount of from 0.1 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the preparation.

Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms, as well as further, additional esters such as myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, myristyl isostearate, myristyl oleate, myristyl behenate, myristyl erucate, cetyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, cetyl isostearate are suitable as further oil bodies , cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, Cetylerucat, Stearylmyristat, tribehenate stearyl palmitate, stearyl stearate, Stearylisostearat, stearyl oleate, Stearylbe-, Stearylerucat, isostearyl, isostearyl palmitate, Isostearylstearat, isostearyl isostearate, Isostearyloleat, isostearyl behenate, Isostearyloleat, oleyl myristate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, Oleylbehenat, oleyl erucate , Behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl stearate, behenyl isostearate, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenyl erucate, erucyl myristate, erucyl palmitate, erucyl stearate, Erucyl isostearate, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate and erucyl erucate. Also suitable are esters of cis-Css-alkylhydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, in particular dioctyl malates, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (such as, for example, propylene glycol, dimerdiol or trimer triol), triglycerides based on C ₆ -C ₀ fatty, liquid mono- / di- / triglyceride mixtures based on C ₆ -Cig-fatty acids, esters of C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, in particular benzoic acid, esters of C ₂ -C ₁₂ dicarboxylic acids with polyols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohol carbonates, such as. B. Dicaprylyl carbonates (Cetiol® CC), Guerbetcarbonate based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10 C atoms, esters of benzoic acid with linear and / or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ alcohols (eg Finsolv® TN), linear or branched, symmetrical or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers having 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, such as. As dicaprylyl (Cetiol® OE), ring-opening products of epoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols and hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof.

As further oil body, for example, silicone oils come into question. They can be present as cyclic and / or linear silicone oils. Silicone oils are high molecular weight synthetic polymeric compounds in which silicon atoms are chain and / or netlike linked via oxygen atoms and the remaining valencies of silicon are linked by hydrocarbon radicals (usually methyl, more rarely ethyl, propyl, phenyl groups, etc.) are saturated. Systematically, the silicone oils are called polyorganosiloxanes. The methyl-substituted polyorganosiloxanes, which are the quantitatively most important compounds of this group and are represented by the following structural formula

are also referred to as polydimethylsiloxane or dimethicone (INCI). Dimethicones are available in different chain lengths or with different molecular weights.

Advantageous polyorganosiloxanes in the context of the present invention are, for example, dimethylpolysiloxane [poly (dimethylsiloxane)], which are obtainable, for example, under the trade names Abil 10 to 10,000 from Evonik Goldschmidt. Also advantageous are phenylmethylpolysiloxane (INCI: phenyl dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone), cyclic silicones (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane), which are also referred to as INCI cyclomethicone, amino-modified silicones (INCI: Amodimethicone) and silicone waxes, eg. Polysiloxane-polyalkylene copolymers (INCI: stearyl dimethicone and cetyl dimethicone) and dialkoxydimethylpolysiloxanes (stearoxy dimethicone and behenoxy stearyl dimethicone) available as various Abil-Wax types from Evonik Goldschmidt. However, other silicone oils are also advantageous for the purposes of the present invention, for example cetyidimethicone, hexamethylcyclo- trisiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, poly (methylphenylsiloxane). Particularly preferred silicones according to the invention are dimethicone and cyclomethicone.

The preparations according to the invention may furthermore contain biogenic active compounds, insect repellents, tyrosinase inhibitors, preservatives, perfume oils, superfatting agents, stabilizers and / or hydrotropes.

An object of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes, and at least one biogenic agent, insect repellent, tyrosinase inhibitor, preservative, perfume oil, stabilizer and / or hydrotrope.

A preferred subject of the invention relates to cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbons contain at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number to more than 1, preferably 2, and at least one biogenic active ingredient, insect repellent, tyrosinase inhibitor, preservative, perfume oil, stabilizer and / or hydrotrope.

Examples of biogenic active substances include tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, ascorbic acid, (deoxy) ribonucleic acid and their fragmentation products, β-glucans, retinol, bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AHA acids, amino acids, ceramides, pseudoceramides, essential oils, plant extracts, such as As aloe vera, Prunusextrakt, Bambaranussextrakt and vitamin complexes to understand.

Suitable insect repellents are N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide, 1,2-pentanediol or ethyl 3- (Nn-butyl-N-acetyl-amino) -propionic acid ethyl ester), which under the name ^® Insect Repellent 3535 by Merck KGaA is sold, as well as Butylacetylaminopropionate in question.

As Tyrosinhinbitoren that prevent the formation of melanin and find application in depigmenting, for example, arbutin, ferulic acid, kojic acid, coumaric acid and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) come into question.

Suitable preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, parabens, pentanediol or sorbic acid and also the silver complexes known under the name Surfacine®. Also suitable as preservatives are the 1,2-alkanediols having 5 to 8 C atoms described in WO07 / 048757.

Particularly suitable preservatives are those described in Annex VI of the Commission Directive (as amended by Commission Directive 2007/22 / EC of 17 April 2007 amending Council Directive 76/768 / EEC, concerning cosmetic products, for the purposes of adapting Annexes IV and VI to technical progress) substances, which are explicitly referred to here.

As perfume oils are called mixtures of natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts of flowers, stems and leaves, fruits, fruit peel, roots, woods, herbs and grasses, needles and twigs, resins and balsams. Furthermore, animal raw materials, such as civet and Castoreum and synthetic fragrance compounds of the ester type, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons come into question.

As stabilizers metal salts of fatty acids, such as. For example, magnesium, aluminum and / or zinc stearate or ricinoleate can be used.

Hydrotropes such as, for example, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, or polyols can also be used to improve the flow behavior. Polyols contemplated herein preferably have from 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl groups. The polyols may contain other functional groups, in particular amino groups, or be modified with nitrogen.

Examples

Preparation Example 1 Preparation of a Hydrocarbon Mixture According to the Invention To prepare a hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention, tridecane and undecane were first prepared separately from the respective fatty alcohols and then mixed with one another in the desired ratio:

IaI Preparation of tridecane from 1-tetradecanol

1000 g of 1-tetradecanol (4.7 mol, Lorol® C 14 from Cognis) were mixed in a stirrable pressure vessel with 10 g of a nickel catalyst (Ni-5249 P from Engelhard, Ni content = 63% by weight). submitted and heated to 240 ° C. Subsequently, hydrogen was added over a period of 12 h via a gassing tube at a pressure of 20 bar and at the same time the reaction gases were discharged via a valve on the reactor lid. Thereafter, the product was cooled, drained and filtered. The result was a weight of 845 g of reaction product.

GC analysis shows the following composition: 89.0% tridecane, 2.1% tetradecane, 4.1% 1-tetradecanol, 4.2% dimeric reaction products. This reaction product was fractionated in a distillation to pure tridecane and then deodorized with nitrogen. This gives a colorless, low viscosity and low odor product.

Ib) Preparation of undecane from 1-dodecanol

1000 g of 1-dodecanol (5.4 mol; Lorol® C 12 from Cognis) were initially charged in a stirrable pressure vessel with 10 g of a nickel catalyst (Ni-5249 P from Engelhard, Ni content = 63% by weight) and heated to 240 ° C. Hydrogen was then added over a period of 8 h via a gassing tube at a pressure of 20 bar and at the same time the reaction gases were discharged via a valve on the reactor lid. Thereafter, the product was cooled and drained and filtered. The result was a weight of 835 g reaction product.

GC analysis shows the following composition: 68.4% undecane, 0.6% dodecane, 21.7% 1-dodecanol, 7.2% dimeric reaction products. This reaction product was distilled to get the undecan pure. This was then deodorized with nitrogen. This gives a colorless, low viscosity and low odor product.

The following inventive hydrocarbon mixture was prepared from the compounds obtained according to Example Ia) and according to Example Ib):

Composition of the hydrocarbon mixture according to Example 1: 76% by weight of n-undecane, 24% by weight of n-tridecane.

Production Example 2

To prepare a hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention, a fatty alcohol mixture containing C 12 and C 14 fatty alcohols corresponding to the hydrocarbon mixture to be prepared was subjected to reductive dehydroxymethylation:

1000 g of Lorol® Spezial (Cognis Co., fatty alcohol distribution C 12 fatty alcohol 70-75%, C 14 fatty alcohol 24-30%, C 16 below 4%) and 10 g of a nickel catalyst (Ni-5249 P from Engelhard, Ni content = 63% by weight) were initially charged in an autoclave. The reactor was sealed and evacuated. The reaction mixture was then heated under vacuum to about 80 ° C and 30 min. touched. Thereafter, the reactor was brought to about 80 bar with hydrogen and continuously heated to 250 ° C. The reaction is complete when the pressure remains constant and most of the fatty alcohol is converted to the desired hydrocarbon. After relaxing and aerating with nitrogen, the product was purified by distillation. The purified product is obtained as a colorless liquid.

The hydrocarbon mixture obtainable according to Preparation Example 2 is composed as follows: (GC analysis)

The weight ratio of linear C11 hydrocarbon to linear C13 hydrocarbon is 2.57. Likewise, the weight ratio of the C 12 hydrocarbons to the C 14 hydrocarbons is 2.57.

Production Example 3

To prepare a hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention, a fatty alcohol mixture containing C 12, C 14, C 16 and C 18 fatty alcohols corresponding to the hydrocarbon mixture to be prepared is subjected to reductive dehydroxymethylation: 1000 g of Lorol® Technisch (Cognis, fatty alcohol mixture of C 12 , C 14, C 16 and C 18 fatty alcohols) and 10 g of a nickel catalyst (Ni-5249 P from Engelhard, Ni content = 63 wt .-%) are placed in an autoclave. The reactor is closed and evacuated. The reaction mixture is then heated under vacuum to about 80 ° C and 30 min. touched. Thereafter, the reactor is brought to about 80 bar with hydrogen and continuously heated to 250 ° C. The reaction is complete when the pressure remains constant and most of the fatty alcohol is converted to the desired hydrocarbon. After relaxing and aerating with nitrogen, the product is purified by distillation. The purified product is obtained as a colorless liquid.

The hydrocarbon mixture obtainable according to Preparation Example 3 is composed as follows: (GC analysis) C 11 hydrocarbon 55%, C 13 hydrocarbon 20%, C 15 hydrocarbon 10%, C 17 hydrocarbon 15%.

Production Examples 4 A to C

To prepare a hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention, a fatty alcohol mixture containing C16 and C18 fatty alcohols corresponding to the hydrocarbon mixture to be prepared is subjected to reductive dehydroxymethylation: 1000 g of Stenol®16 65 (Cognis, fatty alcohol Mixture of C 16 and C 18 fatty alcohols) and 10 g of a nickel catalyst (Ni-5249 P from Engelhard, Ni content = 63% by weight) are introduced into the autoclave. The reactor is closed and evacuated. The reaction mixture is then heated under vacuum to about 80 ° C and 30 min. touched. Thereafter, the reactor is brought to about 80 bar with hydrogen and continuously heated to 250 ° C. The reaction is complete when the pressure remains constant and most of the fatty alcohol is converted to the desired hydrocarbon. After relaxing and aerating with nitrogen, the product is purified by distillation. The purified product is obtained as a colorless liquid.

The hydrocarbon mixture obtainable according to preparation example 4 A is composed as follows: (GC analysis) C 15 hydrocarbon 65%, C 17 hydrocarbon

35%.

In an identical manner, 1000 g of Stenol®16-18 (Cognis; fatty alcohol mixture of

C 16 and C 18 fatty alcohols) reacted (= Preparation Example 4 B) and 1000 g

Hydrenol® D (Cognis, fatty alcohol mixture of C 16 and Cl 8 fatty alcohols) reacted (= Preparation Example 4 C)

The hydrocarbon mixture obtainable according to preparation example 4 B is composed as follows: (GC analysis) C 15 hydrocarbon 50%, C 17 hydrocarbon 50%. The hydrocarbon mixture obtainable according to preparation example 4 C is composed as follows: (GC analysis) C 15 hydrocarbon 30%, C 17 hydrocarbon 70%.

Production Examples 5 A to C

To produce a hydrocarbon mixture according to the invention, a fatty alcohol mixture containing C 18, C 20 and C 22 fatty alcohols corresponding to the hydrocarbon mixture to be produced is subjected to reductive dehydroxymethylation: 1000 g of Stenol® 1822-45 (Cognis, fatty alcohol mixture of C 18, C 20 and C 22 fatty alcohols) and 10 g of a nickel catalyst (Ni-5249 P from Engelhard, Ni content = 63% by weight) are introduced into the autoclave. The reactor is closed and evacuated. The reaction mixture is then submerged Vacuum heated to about 80 ° C and 30 min. touched. Thereafter, the reactor is brought to about 80 bar with hydrogen and continuously heated to 250 ° C. The reaction is complete when the pressure remains constant and most of the fatty alcohol is converted to the desired hydrocarbon. After relaxing and aerating with nitrogen, the product is purified by distillation. The purified product is obtained as a colorless liquid.

The hydrocarbon mixture obtainable according to Preparation Example 5 A is composed as follows: (GC analysis) C 17 hydrocarbon 45%, C 19 hydrocarbon 10%, C 21 hydrocarbon 45%.

In an identical manner, 1000 g of Stenol®AT (from Cognis, fatty alcohol mixture of C 18, C 20 and C 22 fatty alcohols) are reacted (= preparation example 5 B) and 1000 g of Stenol® 1822-70 (Cognis, fatty alcohol mixture of C 18, C 20 and C 22 fatty alcohols) (= Preparation Example 5 C)

The hydrocarbon mixture obtainable according to Preparation Example 5 B is composed as follows: (GC analysis) C 17 hydrocarbon 40%, C 19 hydrocarbon 12%, C 21 hydrocarbon 48%. The hydrocarbon mixture obtainable according to preparation example 5 C is composed as follows: (GC analysis) C 17 hydrocarbon 10%, C 19 hydrocarbon 15%, C 21 hydrocarbon 75%.

Application example 1

The mixture of n-undecane and n-tridecane obtained according to Preparation Example 2 was used for the following deodorant formulation and the hardness of the formulations thus obtained was tested (all data in percent by weight):

The hardness (indentation depth) was determined according to the German standard methods for the investigation of fats, fat products, surfactants and related substances, determination of the hardness of waxes. Needle Penetration M-III 9b (98)

Application Example 2

The cream prepared according to the following recipe was tested by a panel of 5 people trained by the sensory system and rated as sensory "light" General purpose cream fW / CO

Preparation: The components of phase I were melted at 80 to 85 ° C and stirred to homogeneity. The components of phase II were heated to 80 to 85 ° C and added slowly to phase I with stirring. It was stirred for a further 5 minutes at this temperature. Thereafter, the emulsion was cooled with stirring and homogenized at 65 to 55 ° C. As soon as the emulsion appears homogeneous, it was further cooled to 30 ° C. with stirring. Thereafter, phase III components were added and stirred again.

formulation Examples

Balm for moisturizing and protecting the lips

* available from Lambert-Riviere (France)

Preparation: Phase I was melted at 85 ° C, Phase II was added and the temperature maintained at 80 ° C. Phase III was added shortly before pouring into the mold (which had been moistened with dimethicone 50 cts and preheated to 40 ° C). The mass was placed in the mold and cooled to 40 ° C. The molds were cooled in the freezer to near 0 ⁰ C.

Styling wax

The preparation is carried out by heating all components to 80 ° C and homogenization.

Moisturizing body milk

The preparation was carried out by mixing phase I and water at room temperature with stirring. Then, Phase III was added and stirred until a homogeneous, swollen mixture was present. Then, Phase IV was added, followed by Phase V, then the pH was adjusted.

O / W soft cream

This cream was prepared by heating Phase I to 80 ° C, Phase II was also heated to 80 ° C and added to Phase I with stirring. This mixture was cooled with stirring and homogenized at about 55 ° C with a suitable dispersion device (eg Ultra Turrax). Thereafter, Phase III was added with continuous stirring, Phase IV was added and the pH was adjusted.

W / O cream

The first 7 components were melted at 85 ° C. Magnesium sulfates and glycerine were dissolved in the water and this mixture was heated to 85 ° C. This aqueous phase was added to the oil phase and dispersed. With continuous stirring, it was cooled to 40 ° C and then benzyl alcohol and Hydagen B were mixed and added to the emulsion. With further stirring was cooled to 30 ° C and homogenized.

"Body Wash" cleansing emulsion

Claims

claims

1. hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes and wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by more than 1.

2. A hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture contains at least 2 mutually different hydrocarbons whose carbon number differs by 2.

3. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of ¹⁴ C isotopes to ¹² C isotopes in the range of 6 x 10 ^"13 to 1.2 x 10 ^'12 .

4. Hydrocarbon mixture according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrocarbon mixture contains hydrocarbons which are selected from the group of hydrocarbons having 7 to 23 carbon atoms, preferably 11 to 21 carbon atoms.

5. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is less than or equal to 50 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 20 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 10 wt.%, Preferably less than or equal to 5 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 1 wt .-% branched hydrocarbons based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

6. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is less than or equal to 20 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 10 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 5 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 1 wt%, contains aromatic hydrocarbons based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

7. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is less than or equal to 50 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 20 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 10 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 5 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 1% by weight, of unsaturated hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

8. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture less than or equal to 20 wt .-% in particular less than or equal to 15 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 10 wt .-%, preferably less than or equal to 9 wt .-%, in particular less than or equal to 8% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 5% by weight, of even-numbered hydrocarbons, based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

9. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein 2 different hydrocarbons at least 50 wt .-%, preferably at least 60 wt .-% - make up based on the sum of the hydrocarbons.

10. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, containing linear CI l and linear Cl 3 hydrocarbons.

11. A hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 10, further comprising at least one linear Cl 5 hydrocarbon and / or a linear C17 hydrocarbon.

12. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, containing linear Cl 5 and linear C 17 hydrocarbons.

13. A hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims, containing linear Cl 7 and linear C19 hydrocarbons, preferably additionally at least one linear C21 hydrocarbon.

14. Use of a hydrocarbon mixture according to any one of the preceding claims in cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations, in particular as an oil body and / or as a dispersant.

15. Cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations containing 0.1 to 80 wt.% Of a hydrocarbon mixture containing ¹⁴ C isotopes.

16. Cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 15, characterized in that the proportion of ¹⁴ C isotopes to ¹² C isotopes in the hydrocarbon mixture in the range of 6 x 10 ^" to 1.2 x 10 ^" .

17. Cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 15 and / or 16, containing at least one antiperspirant / deodorant active ingredient.

18. Cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparation according to one of claims 15 to 17, containing at least one UV light protection filter.

19. Cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to one of claims 15 to 18, containing at least one self-tanner.

20. Cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to one of claims 15 to 19, containing at least one pigment and / or dye.

21. Cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical preparations according to one of claims 15 to 20, comprising at least one emulsifier and / or a surfactant and / or a wax component and / or a polymer and / or a further oil body.