NO166466B - Fremgangsmaate for detektering eller bestemmelse av et peptid inneholdende en antigenisk aktiv sekvens av aminosyrer. - Google Patents
Fremgangsmaate for detektering eller bestemmelse av et peptid inneholdende en antigenisk aktiv sekvens av aminosyrer. Download PDFInfo
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- NO166466B NO166466B NO84844296A NO844296A NO166466B NO 166466 B NO166466 B NO 166466B NO 84844296 A NO84844296 A NO 84844296A NO 844296 A NO844296 A NO 844296A NO 166466 B NO166466 B NO 166466B
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- peptides
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/04—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length on carriers
- C07K1/047—Simultaneous synthesis of different peptide species; Peptide libraries
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
- G01N33/56983—Viruses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6878—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids in eptitope analysis
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for detektering eller bestemmelse av et peptid inneholdende en sekvens av aminosyrer som er antigenisk aktiv innenfor en kjent aminosyresekvens av et antigenisk protein eller del derav, og det særegne ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen er trinnene med: 1) Syntetisering av peptider hvor hvert av de nevnte peptider omfatter en sekvens av aminosyrer som tilsvarer en sekvens innenfor den kjente aminosyresekvens idet de nevnte peptider har overlappende aminosyresekvenser hvori aminosyresekvensen i hvert av peptidene overlapper aminosyresekvensen i et ytterligere eller neste peptid med
en til fire aminosyrer,
2) hvert av de anvendte peptider bringes i kontakt med antistoff mot det angjeldende antigeniske protein, og 3) nærvær eller fravær av en antigen-antistoffreaksjon mellom hvert av de nevnte peptider og antistoffet detekteres eller bestemmes for å indikere om det nevnte peptid har
antigenisk aktivitet eller ikke.
Disse og andre trekk ved oppfinnelsen fremgår av patentkravene.
Betegnelsen "antigenisk aktiv" anvendt i denne fremstilling er ment å betegne en hvilken som helst aminosyresekvens som vil kombineres spesifikt med et antistoff, og inkluderer sekvenser som også fremkaller eller stimulerer produksjonen av antistoffer (disse sistnevnte sekvenser omtales også som "immunogeniske").
Som det allerede er vel kjent er et antigen et makromolekyl som f.eks. et protein som vanligvis er fremmed for mennesker eller dyr og som kan fremkalle dannelse av et antistoff i mennesket eller dyret, idet antistoffet er et protein som syntetiseres av mennesket eller dyret i respons til nærværet av makromolekylet. Antistoffet har spesifikk affinitet for makromolekylet som fremkalte dets syntese idet spesifisiteten av antistoffet er rettet mot ett eller flere seter eller aminosyresekvenser i makromolekylet og som vanligvis betegnes som "antigenisk determinant eller determinanter".
Det er et primært formål for den foreliggende oppfinnelse å tilveiebringe en metode for å detektere eller bestemme den eller de sekvenser av aminosyrer som utgjør den eller de antigeniske determinanter i et selektert protein, f.eks. det
antigen somler ansvarlig for å fremkalle de antistoffer som beskytter mot en spesiell klinisk sykdom som f.eks. munn- og klovsykre eller hepatitt.
Som bemerket ti det foregående har peptidene syntetisert i samsvar med denne metode overlappende aminosyresekvenser, d.v.s. at et peptid er beslektet med et annet peptid ved at minst en aminosyre er utelatt fra en ende av sekvensen av det annet peptid-og minst en aminosyre er addert til den motsatte ende av sekvensen av det annet peptid idet de resterende aminosyrer er felles for begge sekvenser. Aminosyrene innenfor disse overlappende sekvenser selekteres selvfølgelig slik at hver sekvensetilsvarer en sekvens innenfor den kjente aminosyresekvens:'av proteinet eller delen derav, som tidligere
beskrevet, .
Fremgangsmåten i henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelse er basert på ideen om at et gitt antistoff spesifikt gjenkjenner en sekvens av aminosyrer som har den spesielle antigeniske aktivitet av interesse, og som et resultat kan en spesiell antigenisk determinant fastslås ved å anvende denne høye grad av spesifisitet av antistoffet til å identifisere den spesifikke sekvens av aminosyrer av den spesielle antigeniske determinant.iblant alle de mulige kombinasjoner derav.
Flere nyere.:-publikasjoner vedrører arbeider som tar sikte på å identisifere.sekvensen eller sekvensene av aminosyrer som representerer, det aktive antigen eller den antigeniske determinant.i immunogeniske proteiner. Ved hittil tilgjengelige metoder,er imidlertid identifiseringen av den eller de aktive sekvenser i aminosyrer i et protein en lang og omsten-delig prosess. Den foreliggende oppfinnelse detekterer sekvensene av aminosyrer som er antigenisk aktive ved hjelp av en seleksjonsprosess under anvendelse av peptider med overlappende sekvenser som beskrevet i det foregående.
Det antas at en antigenisk determinant generelt omfatter en sekvens med kjedelengde omtrent seks aminosyrer og følgelig er de sekvenser av aminosyrer som fremstilles i samsvar med det første trinn av den foreliggende oppfinnelse foretrukket sekvenser med seks aminosyrer. Det skal imidlertid forstås at den foreliggende oppfinnelse ikke er begrenset til sekvenser av seks aminosyrer selv om indikasjoner hittil tyder på at sekvenser med lengde fem enheter synes å være for små til å gi en lett detektert reaksjon i den etterfølgende seleksjonsfrem-gangsmåte. Sekvenslengder på ni eller flere enheter er sannsynligvis unødvendig lange og slike sekvenser er således hittil ikke foretrukket innenfor oppfinnelsens ramme.
Ved gjennomføring av denne oppfinnelse anvendes tidligere bestemmelse av aminosyresekvensen av det protein eller den proteinregion som antas å bære den antigeniske determinant av interesse. Aminosyresekvenser av et stort antall proteiner er allerede kjent og moderne sekvenseringsmetoder, f.eks. under anvendelse av rekombinant DNA-teknologi, tilveiebringer en hurtig metode for sekvensering av proteiner med fremdeles ukj ent aminosyresekvens.
Betydningen av den foreliggende oppfinnelse ligger i dens evne til å identifisere den eller de antigeniske determinanter i et protein som korte aminosyresekvenser med hittil uovertruffet letthet. Videre kan hver kontinuerlig antigenisk determinant av betydning identifiseres. Denne informasjon er uvurderlig ved fremstilling av reagenser med den nødvendige selektivitet til anvendelse ved diagnose av kliniske sykdommer i mennesker og dyr. En kjennskap til den antigeniske determinant assosiert med et spesielt smittsomt middel er også vesentlig ved produksjon av peptidvaksiner som vil medføre beskyttelse mot sykdommen uten mange av de skadelige bivirkninger ved konvensjonelle vaksiner. Oppfinnelsen kan også muliggjøre fremstilling av meget spesifikke terapeutiske reagenser mot reseptor-
seter i kroppen.
Et eksempel på anvendelsen av den ovennevnte fremgangsmåte ved bestemmelse av en antigenisk determinant i et protein eller en del av et protein er som følger: 1) Man begynner med den kjente aminosyresekvens av proteinet eller delen av interesse, oppnådd f.eks. fra publiserte data, tar rekkefølgen av de første seks aminosyrer (idet det antas at alle syntetiserte peptider i dette eksempel vil ha lengde på seks aminosyrer) ved å gå ut enten fra den aminoterminale ende eller fra den karboksyterminale ende, og denne betegnes som "sekvens 1". "Sekvens 2" er da det sett på seks aminosyrer i rekkefølge som begynner ved den annen aminosyre og fortsetter opp til og inklusive den syvende aminosyre. Ved å utstrekke denne metode med å la en aminosyre "falle" fra en ende og tilsette den neste i den kjente sekvens til den annen ende, oppnås de nødvendige aminosyresekvenser for alle heksapeptider inneholdt i proteinet eller en del derav av interesse. Det totale antall av disse sekvenser vil være fem mindre enn det faktiske antall aminosyrer som utgjør proteinet
eller delen av interesse.
2) Hver sekvens bestemt som beskrevet i det foregående blir så syntetisert. Egnede metoder inkluderer de velkjente metoder for peptidsyntese vanlig omtalt som:
a) oppløsningsfasemetoder, eller
b) fastfasemetoder, f.eks. Merrifield-teknikken: Marglin, A. og Merrifield, R.B., Ann. Rev. Biochem.
39, 841-866 (1970).
Syntesen av aminosyresekvensene gjennomføres imidlertid foretrukket ved hjelp av en fastfasemetode som omfatter bruken av et polymert material som polyetylen eller polypropylen som fastfasebærer, hvorpå det podepolymeri-seres en vinylmonomer inneholdende minst en funksjonell gruppe for fremstilling av polymere kjeder på bæreren. De funksjonelle grupper på disse polymerkjeder omsettes til å gi primære eller sekundære aminogrupper på kjedene og disse aminogrupper omsettes så sekvensmessig med amino-syrerester i riktig rekkefølge for oppbygning av et ønsket syntetisk peptid. Bæreren er foretrukket i form av en fast polymerstav med en diameter på omtrent 4 mm og en lengde på omtrent 50 mm. Et antall slike staver kan holdes i en passende holder i en 12 x 8 rist med dimen-sjoner tilsvarende dimensjonene av den standard plate som
anvendes for enzymtilknyttet immunosorbentassay (ELISA).
3) Avhengig av valget av metoden for syntese av hvert peptid er peptidet enten allerede knyttet til en passende bærer ved fullføring av synteseprosessen, eller kobles til en
egnet fast bærer ved forberedelsen til assaytrinnet.
4) Bærerne som bærer de syntetiserte peptider overføres til brønnene i en mikrotiterplate eller lignende apparatur og hver kjent sekvens blir så underkastet screening overfor kjente antistoffer under anvendelse av de vanlige metoder for å indikere nærvær eller fravær av en antigen-antistoffreaksjon i hver brønn. Eksempler på disse metoder inkluderer enzymtilknyttet immunosorbentassay (ELISA) og radioimmunoassay (RIA). Egnede antistoffer kan enten erholdes som kommersielt tilgjengelige antisera eller fremstilles i et passende vertsdyr i samsvar med velkjente metoder.
Foretrukket anvendes et regnemaskinbasert styringsprogram for å hjelpe til med organiseringen av syntesen av de seks enheter lange aminosyresekvenser som beskrevet i det foregående. Dette kan anvendes for å oppnå en fortegnelse over den eventuelle peptididentitet for hver lokalisering i hver mikrotiterplate og tillater i tillegg bestemmelse av synteserekkefølgen som samtidig skal gjennomføres på basis av kompatible reaksjonsbe-tingelser. Endelig kan et slikt styringsprogram anvendes i sammenheng med et program skrevet for den endelige bedømmelse ved antistoffscreeningtrinnet.
Som det angis mer detaljert i eksemplene har metoden skissert i de foregående trinn vært anvendt for å fastslå antigenisk aktive aminosyresekvenser i munn- og klovsykevirus (FMDV) protein VP1. Selvfølgelig kan oppfinnelsen på lignende måte anvendes véd bestemmelse av antigeniske determinanter av andre virusproteiner, som f.eks. hepatitt B virus overflateantigen, såvel som hvilket som helst annet protein som sekvensen er kjent for.
Den velkjente indirekte ELISA-teknikk anvendes foretrukket for den endelige deteksjon eller bestemmelse av nærvær eller fravær av en antigen-antistoffreaksjon mellom sekvensene av aminosyrer og det gitte antistoff. Bruken av sådan assay nødvendiggjør fremstilling av antisera rettet mot antistoffspecies som skal anvendes ved den endelige testing, f.eks. antihuman IgG, antibovin IgG o.s.v. Slike preparater blir så konjugert med et enzym som f.eks. pepperrotperoksydase, til å tilveiebringe testreagenser som kreves for den endelige testing. Gjennom-føring av den indirekte ELlSA-assay skjer ved hjelp av metoder som er vel kjent på dette området.
Hvor fremgangsmåten i henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelse gjennomføres ved en screeningtest av den type som er beskrevet i det foregående faller resultatene som oppnås med et spesielt antistoff innenfor en av de følgende kategorier: a) Ingen positiv reaksjon med noen av de fremstilte aminosyresekvenser, d.v.s. fullstendig negativ. b) Reaksjon med bare en enkelt aminosyresekvens. Dette resultat representerer det ideelle tilfellet. c) Reaksjon med et antall aminosyresekvenser. Dette iakttatte resultat kan ventes av en av to grunner: en,
reaksjon med et antiserum inneholdende en blandet antistoffpopulasjon hvor hvert antistoff reagerer med et forskjellig antigenisk sete, eller to, reaksjon med aminosyresekvenser som overlapper det immunogeniske sete. I det første tilfellet vil ytterligere testing være nødvendig for å bestemme de mer brukbare antigenisk aktive aminosyresekvenser.
Det forstås selvfølgelig at når først sekvensen av aminosyrer som er antigenisk aktive ved reaksjon med et gitt antistoff er blitt detektert eller bestemt kan denne informasjon anvendes i forskjellige diagnostiske anvendelser og ved fremstilling av vaksiner. Hvor den antigenisk aktive sekvens av aminosyrer tilsvarende et spesielt klinisk sykdomsmiddel er bestemt kan denne faktisk føre til produksjon av en vaksine som vil gi beskyttelse mot denne sykdom og som omfatter en eller flere syntetisk fremstilte sekvenser av korrekte aminosyrer som vil fremkalle den ønskede antistoffrespons. Ytterligere trekk ved oppfinnelsen illustreres i de etterfølgende eksempler.
EKSEMPEL 1
A. Fremstilling av heksapeptider.
Den 213-aminosyresekvens av VP1 (FMDV, type 0^) som translatert av Kurz, C. et al., Nucleic Acid Research 9, 1919-1931 (1981) ble videreoppdelt i alle mulige heksapeptidenheter og hver heksapeptidenhet ble syntetisert på en polyetylenbærer med samme orientering, og med en overgang med lengde to aminosyrer som illustrert i fig. 1.
Polyetylenstaver neddykket i en 6 % volum/volum yandig oppløsning av akrylsyre ble -v-bølgebestrålt i en dose på 1 Mrad (se Muller-Schulte, D., Horster, F.A., Polymer Bulletin 7, 77-81 (1982)). Under anvendelse av konvensjonelle metoder med fastfasepeptidkjemi (se Erickson, B.W., Merrifield, R.B. i "The Proteins", bind 2, 255-257, Academic Press, New York (1976), Meienhofer, J., i "Hormonal Proteins and Peptides", bind 2, 45
- 267, Academic Press, New York (1973)), ble Na-t-butyloksykarbonyl-L-lysinmetylester koblet til polyetylenpolyakrylsyren
(PPA) via N-aminogruppen i sidekjeden. Dette ble etterfulgt av kobling av Boc-alanin for å fullstendiggjøre en peptidlignende overgang. Aminosubstitusjon av bæreren ble bestemt ved reaksjon av NH2-lysin(OMe)-PPA med C <14->merket smørsyre og ble funnet å være 8 til 10 nmol/stav.
Suksessive aminosyrer ble tilføyet ved konvensjonell fastfase-peptidsyntese diktert ved den sekvens som skal syntetiseres. Etter fullføring av den endelige koblingsreaksjon og etter fjernelse av t-butyloksykarbonyl (Boe) beskyttelsesgruppen ble den terminale aminogruppe acetylert med eddiksyreanhydrid i en dimetylformamid (DMF)/trietylaminblanding. Alle dicykloheksyl-karbodiimidformidlede koblingsreaksjoner ble gjennomført i DMF i nærvær av N-hydroksybenzotriazol. De følgende sidekjedebe-skyttende grupper ble anvendt: O-benzyl for treonin, serin,
aspartinsyre, glutaminsyre og tyrosin; karbobenzoksy for lysin;
tosyl for årginin; 4-metylbenzyl for cystein og . 1-benzyloksy-karbonylamido-2,2,2-trifluoretyl for histidin. Sidekjedeavbe-skyttelse ble oppnådd ved behandling med bortris(trifluor-acetat) i trifluoreddiksyre i 90 minutter ved romtemperatur (se Pless, J., Bauer, W., Angewandte Chemie 85, 142 (1973)). Etter hydrolyse i HCl/propionsyre bekreftet analyse av sekvenser inkludert i syntesen som kontroller at kobling i hvert trinn var foregått. Før testing ved hjelp av ELISA ble stavkoblede peptider vasket flere ganger i fosfatbufret saltløsning (PBS).
B. Testing av heksapeptider.
Antigeniske profiler for heksapeptidene fremstilt som beskrevet under A ovenfor er vist i fig. 2 som en vertikal linje proporsjonal med den oppnådde ELISA-ekstinksjon over tallet som
gir lokaliseringen innen VPl-sekvensen av peptidets N-terminale aminosyre. Antisera anvendt for fremstilling av de forskjellige profiler som vist var som følger:
a) og b) var to forskjellige anti-intakt viruspartikler,
type Oi,
c) anti-intakt viruspartikkel, som anvendt i b), etter absorpsjon med renset komplett virus, type 0^,
d) antivirussubenhet, type 0]_,
e) anti-VPl, type 0^, og
f) anti-intakt viruspartikkel, type C]_.
Den enzymtilknyttede immunosorbentbedømmelse ble anvendt for
testing av hvert stavkoblet peptid (RCP) for reaktivitet med hvert av de definerte antisera beskrevet i det foregående. RCP-peptidene ble forhåndsbelagt med 10 % hesteserum, 10 % ovalbumin og 1 % "Tween-80" i PBS for blokkering av ikke-spesifikk absorpsjon av antistoffer, i en time ved 37°c . Inkubasjon over natten ved 4°C i antiserum fortynnet 1/40 i for-inkubasjonsblandingen ble etterfulgt av tre vaskinger i
0,05 % "Tween 80"/PBS. Reaksjon i en time ved 37°C med det riktige antikanin IgG immunoglobulin koblet til pepperrotperoksydase, fortynnet 1/50,000 i for-inkubasjonsblandingen, ble på nytt etterfulgt av grundig vasking i PBS/"Tween" for å fjerne overskudd av konjugat. Nærværet av antistoff ble detektert ved reaksjon i 45 minutter med en fremkallingsopp-løsning (40 mg ortofenylendiamin, 20 ul hydrogenperoksyd i 100 ml fosfatbuffer, pH 5.0) og den frembragte farge avlest i et "Titertek Multiscan"-apparat ved 420 nm. Etter testene ble peptidene vasket tre ganger ved 37°C i 8M urea inneholdende 0,1 % 2-merkaptoetanol og 0,1 % natriumdodecylsulfat, etterfulgt av flere vaskinger i PBS for å fjerne alle spor av bundet antistoff. RCP-peptidene var så klare for ytterligere testing med forskjellige antisera.
Anti-intakt viruspartikkelséra ble fremstilt ved immunisering av kaniner med 50 ug inaktivert, renset virus i komplett Freunds tilsetningsmiddel. Dyrene ble tappet for blod tre til fire uker etter enkeltvaksinasjonen. Antivirussubenhetserum (kanin) ble fremstilt ved immunisering tre ganger, med tre til fire ukers mellomrom, med 10 ug syrenedbrutt renset virus, initialt i komplett Freunds og deretter i ukomplett Freunds tilsetningsmiddel. Polypeptidet VP1 ble fremstilt fra blandingen av proteiner oppnådd fra ureanedbrutt, renset virus ved isoelektrisk fokusering (se Barteling, S.J., Wagenaar, F., Gielkens, A.L.J., J. Gen. Virol. 62, 357-361 (1982)). Etter eluering fra gelen med 8M urea og dialyse mot PBS ble antiserum fremstilt som beskrevet for 12S ovenfor. Antiserum for prøve c) var det samme som anvendt for prøve b), men etter absorpsjon med renset virus (1500 ug komplett virus ble inkubert med 1 ml serum i 72 timer ved 4°C), og alle virusbundne antistoffer ble fjernet ved sentrifugering.
C. Identifisering av det viruspartikkelassosierte antigeniske
peptid.
Av de fire anti-intakt viruspartikkelséra som ble testet viser prøver a) og b) ytterpunktene i de reaksjonsmønstre som ble funnet. Store kvantitative forskjeller i respons til et identisk antigenpreparat er tidligere blitt rapportert, men disse prøver fremhever den mulige variasjon i antistoffsammen-.setningen mellom sera. Fra en undersøkelse av prøver a), b) og c) er antistoff reaktive med peptider 146 og 147 tilstede i hele anti-intakt virussera men fraværende etter absorpsjon med renset virus. Disse samme antistoffer iakttas ikke i anti-subenhetsera prøve d), og er bare svakt tilstede i anti-VPl sera, prøve e). At noen aktivitet ble funnet i de anti-VPl sera svarer muligens for den immuniserende evne, selvom denne er svak, av det isolerte protein (se Kleid, D.G., et al., Science 214, 1125-1129, (1981)). Det skal imidlertid bemerkes at et ytterligere anti-VPl serum som også ble testet, mens det beholdt en sterk aktivitet i posisjon 148, viste ingenting ved posisjon 146 og 147. Overlegging av prøve c) på prøve b)
(absorbert i forhold til ikke-absorbert) viser at i tillegg til tap av aktivitet overfor peptider 146 og 147 forekom også en reduksjon i aktivitet overfor peptider 5, 6 og 206. Av disse ble aktivitet overfor 5 og 6 ikke funnet i alle de testede anti-intakt virussera mens 206 aktivitet hele tiden var tilstede.
Fra disse resultater konkluderes det at av de sekvenser som finnes å være reaktive utgjør paret ved 146 og 147, d.v.s. heksapeptidene Gly-Asp-Leu-Gln-Val-Leu (G-D-L-Q-V-L) og Asp-Leu-Gln-Val-Leu-Ala (D-L-Q-V-L-A) de prinsipale loci, med et mindre bidrag fra locus 206, i samsvar med andre observasjoner. Med hensyn til 146, 147 sondres imidlertid ikke mellom disse to muligheter: en, at det aktive element har lengde fem aminosyrer, d.v.s. sekvensen felles for både Asp-Leu-Gln-Val-Leu (D-L-Q-V-L) eller to, at det aktive element har lengde syv aminosyrer, d.v.s. kombinasjonen av de to heksapeptider Gly-Asp-Leu-Gln-Val-Leu-Ala (G-D-L-Q-V-L - A) .
EKSEMPEL 2
A. Fremstilling av heksapeptider.
212-aminosyresekvensen i VP1 (FMDV type A^q eller Ag^) som gitt av Bachrach, H.L., et al., Office International des Epizootics
ble videre oppdelt i 207 heksapeptider. Disse heksapeptider ble syntetisert som beskrevet i eksempel 1 ovenfor med den unntagelse at sidekjeden av arginin ble beskyttet med p-metoksybenzensulfonylgruppen.
B. Testing av heksapeptider.
Antigeniske profiler for heksapeptidene er vist i fig. 3. De antisera som ble anvendt for å fremstille profilene var:
a) anti-intakt viruspartikkeltype A1Q,
b) anti-intakt viruspartikkel som anvendt under a) etter
absorpsjon med renset fullstendig FMDV type
Testingen av heksapeptidet og fremstillingen av sera var hovedsakelig som beskrevet i eksempel 1. C. Identifisering av viruspartikkelassosiert aktivt element. Ved en utledning identisk med den som ble anvendt i eksempel 1 konkluderes det at heksapeptidene Gly-Asp-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile (G - D-L-G-S-I) og Asp-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile-Ala (D-L-G-S-I - A) er de prinsipale loci for den antigeniske determinant av A-typen av FMDV.
Som i tilfellet av FMD virus, type Oj_, beskrevet i eksempel 1, ble det ikke sondret mellom disse to sekvenser og det konkluderes følgelig at det er mulig at den aktive sekvens har lengde fem aminosyrer, d.v.s. Asp-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile (D-L-G-S-I) eller at den har lengde syv aminosyrer, d.v.s Gly-Asp-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile-Ala (G -D-L-G-S-I- A).
EKSEMPEL 3
A. Fremstilling av heksapeptider.
210-aminosyresekvensen i VP1 (FMDV type C^) som gitt av Robertson, H.L., et al., Journal of Virology, 46, 311-316
(1983) ble videre oppdelt i 205 heksapeptider. Disse heksapeptider ble syntetisert som beskrevet i eksempel 2 ovenfor.
B. Testing av heksapeptider.
Antigeniske profiler for heksapeptidene er vist i fig. 4.
Claims (6)
- Antisera anvendt for fremstilling av profilene var: a) anti-intakt viruspartikkeltype C^, b) anti-intakt viruspartikkel som anvendt i a)etter absorpsjon med renset komplett FMDV type C^. Testingen av heksapeptidet og fremstillingen av sera var hovedsakelig som beskrevet i eksempel 1. C. Identifisering av viruspartikkelassosiert aktivt element. Ved utledning identisk med den som ble anvendt i eksempel 1 konkluderes det at heksapeptidet Asp-Leu-Ala-His-Leu-Thr (D - L -A-H-L-T) er den prinsipale locus for den antigeniske determinant av C-typen av FMDV. Disse resultater viser klart potensialet for en systematisk ut-prøvning av en polypeptidsekvens. De utpeker den sannsynlige lokalisering av den aktive determinant, inneholdt i det peptid hvormed Bittle, J.L. et al., Nature 298, 30-33- (1982) oppnådde den vellykkede beskyttelse i marsvin mot et etterfølgende an-grep av munn- og klovsykevirus (FMDV). PATENTKRAV: 1. Fremgangsmåte for detektering eller bestemmelse av et peptid inneholdende en sekvens av aminosyrer som er antigenisk aktiv innenfor en kjent aminosyresekvens av et antigenisk protein eller del derav,karakterisert ved trinnene med: 1) syntetisering av peptider hvor hvert av de nevnte peptider omfatter en sekvens av aminosyrer som tilsvarer en sekvens innenfor den kjente aminosyresekvens idet de nevnte peptider har overlappende aminosyresekvenser hvori aminosyresekvensen i hvert av peptidene overlapper aminosyresekvensen i et ytterligere eller neste peptid med en til fire aminosyrer, 2) hvert av de anvendte peptider bringes i kontakt med antistoff mot det angjeldende antigeniske protein, og 3) nærvær eller fravær av en antigen-antistoffreaksjon mellom hvert av de nevnte peptider og antistoffet detekteres eller bestemmes for å indikere om det nevnte peptid har antigenisk aktivitet eller ikke.
- 2. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 1, karakterisert ved at det anvendes peptider hvor sekvensen i hvert av peptidene overlapper sekvensen i et ytterligere eller neste peptid med en aminosyre.
- 3. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 1 eller 2, karakterisert ved at hvert av de peptider som anvendes er en sekvens med fra fem til ni aminosyrer, foretrukket peptider med sekvenser av seks aminosyrer.
- 4. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 1, karakterisert ved at peptidene syntetiseres på en fastfasebærer og at etterfølgende trinn ved fremgangsmåten gjennomføres med hvert peptid hele tiden koblet til den nevnte fastfasebærer.
- 5. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 4, karakterisert ved at det anvendes en fastfasebærer i form av en fast polymernål eller stav.
- 6. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 4 eller 5, karakterisert ved at det anvendes en fastfasebærer i form av et polymert material valgt fra gruppen bestående av polyetylen eller polypropylen med en vinylmonomer inneholdende minst en funksjonell gruppe pode-polymerisert derpå for frembringing av polymere sidekjeder på bæreren.
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US4599230A (en) * | 1984-03-09 | 1986-07-08 | Scripps Clinic And Research Foundation | Synthetic hepatitis B virus vaccine including both T cell and B cell determinants |
US4599231A (en) * | 1984-03-09 | 1986-07-08 | Scripps Clinic And Research Foundation | Synthetic hepatitis B virus vaccine including both T cell and B cell determinants |
WO1985004103A1 (en) * | 1984-03-09 | 1985-09-26 | Scripps Clinic And Research Foundation | Synthetic hepatitis b virus vaccine including both t cell anc b cell determinants |
US5998578A (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1999-12-07 | New England Medical Center Hospitals, Inc. | Biologically active fragments of IL-1β |
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JPS56115727A (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1981-09-11 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Carrier for immobilizing physiologically active substance |
IL63224A (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1985-05-31 | Scripps Clinic Res | Synthetic peptide specific antigenic determinant and method of manufacturing antigenic materials therefrom |
IL61904A (en) * | 1981-01-13 | 1985-07-31 | Yeda Res & Dev | Synthetic vaccine against influenza virus infections comprising a synthetic peptide and process for producing same |
ZA831854B (en) * | 1982-03-26 | 1984-01-25 | Biogen Nv | Small peptides with the specificity of foot and mouth disease viral antigens |
US4438208A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1984-03-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Region-specific determinants for vitamin K dependent bone protein |
US4544629A (en) * | 1982-11-19 | 1985-10-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Receptor-based histamine assay |
US4504586A (en) * | 1983-02-03 | 1985-03-12 | Amgen | Hybridoma tumor cell lines and their monoclonal antibodies to human colony stimulating factor subclass number 1 |
JPS60500673A (ja) * | 1983-03-08 | 1985-05-09 | コモンウエルス セラム ラボラトリ−ズ コミツシヨン | 抗原活性を有するアミノ酸配列 |
WO1984003506A1 (en) * | 1983-03-08 | 1984-09-13 | Commw Serum Lab Commission | Antigenically active amino acid sequences |
-
1984
- 1984-03-06 NZ NZ207394A patent/NZ207394A/en unknown
- 1984-03-08 AT AT84900955T patent/ATE69890T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-03-08 DE DE8484900955T patent/DE3485299D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-03-08 WO PCT/AU1984/000039 patent/WO1984003564A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1984-03-08 CA CA000449141A patent/CA1220420A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-08 JP JP59501706A patent/JPH063445B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-03-08 EP EP84900955A patent/EP0138855B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-10-29 NO NO84844296A patent/NO166466C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-08 DK DK532284A patent/DK164529C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-06-01 US US08/252,399 patent/US5595915A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK532284D0 (da) | 1984-11-08 |
JPS60500684A (ja) | 1985-05-09 |
CA1220420A (en) | 1987-04-14 |
NO844296L (no) | 1984-10-29 |
EP0138855B2 (en) | 1999-09-08 |
JPH063445B2 (ja) | 1994-01-12 |
NZ207394A (en) | 1987-03-06 |
ATE69890T1 (de) | 1991-12-15 |
DE3485299D1 (de) | 1992-01-09 |
DK164529C (da) | 1992-11-23 |
DK532284A (da) | 1984-11-08 |
NO166466C (no) | 1991-07-24 |
WO1984003564A1 (en) | 1984-09-13 |
EP0138855B1 (en) | 1991-11-27 |
EP0138855A1 (en) | 1985-05-02 |
DK164529B (da) | 1992-07-06 |
US5595915A (en) | 1997-01-21 |
EP0138855A4 (en) | 1986-02-10 |
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