JP2013500017A - サ−チュイン(sirt)への天然アンチセンス転写物の阻止によるサ−チュイン(sirt)関連疾患の治療 - Google Patents
サ−チュイン(sirt)への天然アンチセンス転写物の阻止によるサ−チュイン(sirt)関連疾患の治療 Download PDFInfo
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- oligonucleotide
- sirt
- antisense
- sirtuin
- polynucleotide
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Abstract
Description
配列番号1:ホモサピエンスサ−チュイン(サイレント接合型情報制御2相同体)1(出芽酵母(S.cerevisiae))(SIRT1)、mRNA(NCBI受入番号:NM_012238.3)
配列番号2:ハツカネズミサ−チュイン1(サイレント接合型情報制御2、相同体)1(出芽酵母)(SIRT1)mRNA(NCBI受入番号:NM_001159589)
配列番号3:ホモサピエンスサ−チュイン(サイレント接合型情報制御2相同体)3(出芽酵母)(SIRT3)、転写変異体1、mRNA(NCBI受入番号.:NM_012239.5)
配列番号4:ホモサピエンスサ−チュイン6(SIRT6)、転写変異体1、mRNA(NCBI受入番号:NM_016539)
配列番号5:伸長天然アンチセンス配列(CV396200−伸長)
配列番号6:天然アンチセンス配列(CV428275)
配列番号7:天然アンチセンス配列(BE717453)
配列番号8:天然アンチセンス配列(AV718812)
配列番号9:天然SIRT1アンチセンス配列(AW169958)
配列番号10:天然SIRT1マウスアンチセンス配列(AK044604)
配列番号11:天然SIRT3アンチセンス配列(Hs.683117)
配列番号12:天然SIRT3アンチセンス配列(DA645474)
配列番号13:天然SIRT6アンチセンス配列(BF772662)
配列番号14:天然SIRT6アンチセンス配列(ANKRD24)
配列番号15〜94:アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド
*は、ホスホチオエ−ト結合を示し、+はLNAを示しmは2′O Meを示す。
配列番号95〜98−配列番号95はSIRT1天然アンチセンスCV396200のエクソン4に対応する。
配列番号96、97および98はそれぞれ、フォワ−ドプライマ−配列、リバ−スプライマ−配列およびリポ−タ−配列に対応する。
配列番号99はCUR962に対応し、*はホスホチオエ−ト結合を示し、+はLNAを示す。
本明細書で使用される用語は、特定の実施形態を説明するためのものにすぎず、本発明を制限することを意図しない。本明細書では、単数形「1つの(a、an)」および「その」は、文脈で別に明確に示されない限り、同様に複数形を含むことを意図する。さらに、「含んでいる」、「含む」、「有している」、「有する」、「備えた」という用語またはそれらの変形は、詳細な説明および/または特許請求の範囲のいずれか使用される限りにおいては、そのような用語は、「備える」という用語と同様に包括的であることが意図される。
標的
1つの実施形態では、標的は、サ−チュイン(SIRT)の核酸配列、例えば限定はされないが、サ−チュイン(SIRT)に関連するセンスおよび/またはアンチセンス非コ−ドおよび/またはコ−ド配列を含む。
本発明の化合物はドラッグデリバリ−および標的の有効性確認の分野においても適用できる。本発明は、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドと病状、表現型または状態との間に存在する関連性を解明するためのドラッグデリバリ−作用における本明細書で同定された化合物および標的セグメントの使用を含む。これらの方法は、サンプル、組織、細胞または器官を本発明の化合物と接触させる工程、投与後のある時点でサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドおよび/または関連した表現型または化学エンドポイントの核酸またはタンパク質レベルを測定する工程と、選択的に測定値と非処理サンプルまたは本発明の更なる化合物で処理したサンプルを比較する工程とを有する、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドとを決定する工程または調節する工程を含む。これらの方法は、他の実験と平行してまたは組み合わせて実行され、標的バリデ−ションの工程で未知遺伝子の機能を決定する、または特定の疾患、状態、または表現型の治療または予防のための標的として特異的遺伝子産物の機能を決定することができる。
外因性の核酸の宿主細胞または器官への移動は宿主細胞または器官中の核酸の存在を直接検出することで評価することができる。そのような検出は本分野において周知であるいくつかの方法で達成できる。例えば、外因性の核酸の存在はサザンブロット法または核酸に関連するヌクレオチド配列を特異的に増幅するプライマ−を使ったポリメラ−ゼ連鎖反応(PCP)技術で検出できる。また、外因性の核酸の発現は遺伝子発現解析を含めた従来の方法を使って測定できる。例えば、外因性の核酸から生成したmRNAはノ−ザンブロットおよび逆転写PCR(RT−PCR)を使って検出と定量できる。
本発明の化合物は診断薬、治療薬、および予防、および研究試薬ならびにキットの成分として利用することができる。さらに、特定の遺伝子の機能を明らかにするために、または、生物学的経路の種々のメンバ−の機能を区別するために、優れた特異性を用いて遺伝子発現を阻害することができるアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドはしばしば当事者により使用される。
限定されない1実施例として、1以上のアンチセン化合物で処理された細胞または組織内の発現パタ−ンは、アンチセンス化合物で処理されていない対照細胞または組織と比較され、産生された前記パタ−ンは例えば疾患関連、シグナル経路、細胞性局在、発現レベル、サイズ、検討された遺伝子の構造または機能に関連するような遺伝子発現のディファレンシャルレベルに対して解析される。これらの解析は、発現パタ−ンに影響を及ぼす他の化合物の存在下または非存在下で、刺激または未刺激細胞上で実行することができる。
本分野では既知である遺伝子発現解析の方法の例としては、DNAアレイまたはマイクロアレイ(Brazma and Vilo、 (2000) FEBS Lett.、 480、 17−24; Celis、 et al.、 (2000) FEBS Lett.、 480、 2−16)、SAGE(遺伝子発現の連続解析)(Madden、 et al.、 (2000) Drug Discov. Today、 5、 415− 425)、READS(消化cDNAsの制限酵素増幅)(Prashar and Weissman、 (1999) Methods Enzymol.、 303、 258−72)、TOGA(総遺伝子発現解析)(Sutcliffe、 et al.、 (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.、 97、 1976−81)、タンパク質アレイおよびプロテオミクス(Celis、 et al.、 (2000) FEBS Lett.、 480、 2−16; Jungblut、 et al.、 Electrophoresis、 1999、 20、 2100−10)、発現配列タグ(EST)シ−クエンシング(Celis、 et al.、 FEBS Lett.、 2000、 480、 2−16; Larsson、 et al.、 J. Biotechnol.、 2000、 80、 143−57)、サブトラクティブRNAフィンガ−プリンティング(SuRP)(Fuchs、 et al.、 (2000) Anal. Biochem. 286、 91−98; Larson、 et al.、 (2000) Cytometry 41、 203−208)、サブトラクティブクロ−ニング、ディファレンシャルディスプレイ(DD)(Jurecic and Belmont、 (2000) Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 3、 316−21)、比較ゲノムハイブリダイゼ−ション(Carulli、 et al.、 (1998) J. Cell Biochem. Suppl.、 31、 286−96)、FISH(蛍光in situハイブリダイゼ−ション)技術(Going and Gusterson、 (1999) Eur. J. Cancer、 35、 1895−904)および質量分析法(To、 Comb. (2000) Chem. High Throughput Screen、 3、 235−41)を含む。
本発明のオリゴヌクレオチドの別の修飾は、オリゴヌクレオチドの活性、細胞分布または細胞への取り込みを増強する1つ以上の部分またはコンジュゲ−トを、オリゴヌクレオチドに化学結合させることを意味する。これらの部分またはコンジュゲ−トは一級または二級ヒドロキシル基などの官能基に共有結合した共役基を含むことができる。本発明の共役基は、干渉物質、リポ−タ−分子、ポリアミン、ポリアミド、ポリエチレングリコ−ル、ポリエ−テル、オリゴマ−の薬力学的特性を増強する基、およびオリゴマ−の薬物動態的特性を増強する基を含む。一般的な共役基はコレステロ−ル、脂質、リン脂質、ビオチン、フェナジン、葉酸、フェナントリジン、アントラキノン、アクリジン、フルオレセイン、ロ−ダミン、クマリン、および色素を含む。本発明の文脈における薬力学的特性を増強する基は、取り込み、分解に対する増強された耐性、および/または標的核酸との強化された配列特異的ハイブリダイゼ−ションを含む。本発明の文脈における薬物動態的特性を増強する基は、本発明の化合物の取り込み、分布、代謝および排出を含む。代表的な共役基は国際特許出願番号第PCT/US92/09196号(1992年10月23日に出願)および米国出願番号第6、287、860号に開示されており、参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
本発明の組成物は例えば、リポソ−ム、受容体標的分子、経口、直腸、局所的または取り込み、分配および/または吸収を補助するための他の製剤として他の分子、分子構造または化合物の混合物と混合される、封入される、共役される、または関連する。そのような取り込み、分配および/または吸収補助製剤の調合を教示する代表的な米国特許は、これに限定されるものではないが、米国特許番号第5、108、921号、5、354、844号、5、416、016号、5、459、127号、5、521、291号、5、543、165号、5、547、932号、5、583、020号、5、591、721号、4、426、330号、4、534、899号、5、013、556号、5、108、921号、5、213、804号、5、227、170号、5、264、221号、5、356、633号、5、395、619号、5、416、016号、5、417、978号、5、462、854号、5、469、854号、5、512、295号、5、527、528号、5、534、259号、5、543、152号、5、556、948号、5、580、575号、および5、595、756号明細書を含み、参照によりそれぞれ本明細書に組み入れられる。
薬学的組成物の製剤およびそれに続く投与(用量)は、本分野の当業者の範囲内であると信じられている。用量は、何日から何ヶ月にも亘る治療の経過での、または治療が効果を表すまたは前記病状の減少が達成されるまでの、治療される病状の重症度および反応性に依存する。最適投薬スケジュ−ルは、患者の体内における薬剤蓄積の測定から計算することができる。当業者は最適用量、投薬方法論、および反復率を間単に決定できる。最適な用量は個々のオリゴヌクレオチドの相対的有効性に依存して変更され、一般的にインビトロおよびインビボ動物モデルにおいて有効であると見出されたEC50に基づいて推定することができる。一般的に、用量は0.01μg〜100g/kg体重であり、1日、1週間、1ヵ月、または1年に1回以上、または2年から20年に1回投与される。本分野の当業者は、体液または組織における前記薬剤の測定滞留時間および濃度に基づいて投薬の反復率を簡単に推定できる。成功した治療に続いて患者が病状の再発を予防するための維持治療を受けることが望ましく、前記オリゴヌクレオチドは0.01μg〜100g/kg体重の範囲で1日に1回以上から20年に1回の維持用量で投与される。
以下の非限定的な例は発明の選択された実施態様を説明するために役立つ。比率の変化および示された成分要素における代替は当業者に自明であり、かつ、本発明の実施形態の範囲内に含まれることが認識される。
上記のように、「特異的なオリゴヌクレオチド」または「オリゴヌクレオチド標的」は、(i)標的遺伝子の部分と安定な複合体を形成可能な、または、(ii)標的遺伝子のmRNA転写物の部分と安定な二本鎖を形成が可能な配列を有するオリゴヌクレオチドを言う。
アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを用いたHepG2細胞の投与
ATCC(cat# HB−8065)由来のHepC2細胞を増殖培地(MEM/EBSS(Hyclone cat #SH30024、またはMediatech cat # MT−10−010−CV)+10%FBS(Mediatech cat# MT35− 011−CV)+ペニシリン/ストレプトマイチン(Mediatech cat# MT30−002−CI))の中で37度と5%CO2で増殖させた。実験の1日前に、6ウェルプレ−トに1.5x105/mlの密度でリプレ−ティングしたあと、37度と5%CO2でインキュベ−トしておいた。実験の当日に、6ウェルプレ−ト上の培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。全てのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを20μMの濃度に希釈した。この溶液の2μlを4000μlのOpti−MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985−070)および4μlのLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen cat# 11668019)を用いて室温で20分間インキュベ−トしてから、HepC2細胞を持つ6ウェルプレ−トの各ウエルに塗布した。オリゴヌクレオチドに代えて2μlの水を含む同様の混合液をモックトランスフェクトされた対照に使用した。37度と5%CO2で3〜18時間インキュベ−トした後に、培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの導入から48時間後に培地を除去し、続けて、製造業者の指示書に従い、Promega(cat # Z3105)製造のSV Total RNA Isolation SystemまたはQiagen(cat# 74181)製造のRNeasy Total RNA Isolation kitを用いてRNAを細胞から抽出した。製造業者のプロトコ−ルの記載に従いThermo Scientific (cat#AB1453B)製造のVerso cDNA kitまたは High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (cat# 4368813)を用いて、600ngのRNAを実施している逆転写反応に添加した。ABI Taqman Gene Expression Mix(cat#4369510)およびABI(Applied Biosystems Inc.、 Foster City CA製造のApplied Biosystems Taqman Gene Expression Assay: Hs00202021_m1、 Hs00202030_m1および Hs00213036_m1)により設計されたプライマ−/プロ−ブを用いて、逆転写反応からのcDNAをリアルタイムPCR法で遺伝子発現をモニタ−するのに使用した。PCRサイクルはStepOne Plus Real Time PCR Machine(Applied Biosystems)を用いて50℃で2分、95℃で10分、(95℃で15秒、60℃で1分)の40サイクルを使用した。
リアルタイムPCRの結果はHepG2細胞のSIRT1 mRNAのレベルがSIRT1アンチセンスCV396200に対してアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの投与48時間後において有意に増加したことを示す(図3および4)。
ATCC(cat# CRL−1658)由来の3TCが増殖培地(MEM/EBSS (Hyclone cat #SH30024、またはMediatech cat # MT−10−010−CV)+10%FBS(Mediatech cat# MT35− 011−CV)+ペニシリン/ストレプトマイチン(Mediatech cat# MT30−002−CI))の中で37度と5%CO2で増殖させた。実験の1日前に6ウェルプレ−トに1.5x105/mlの密度でリプレ−ティングしたあと、37度と5%CO2でインキュベ−トしておいた。実験の当日に6ウェルプレ−ト上の培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。全てのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを20μMの濃度に希釈した。この溶液の2μlを400μlのOpti−MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985−070)および4μlのLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen cat# 11668019)を用いて室温で20分間インキュベ−トしてから、3T3細胞を持つ6ウェルプレ−トの各ウエルに塗布した。オリゴヌクレオチドに代えて2μlの水を含む同様の混合液をモックトランスフェクトされた対照に使用した。37度と5%CO2で3〜18時間インキュベ−トした後に、培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの導入から48時間後に培地を除去し、続けて、製造業者の指示書に従い、Promega(cat # Z3105)製造のSV Total RNA Isolation SystemまたはQiagen(cat# 74181)製造のRNeasy Total RNA Isolation kitを用いてRNAを細胞から抽出した。製造業者のプロトコ−ルの記載に従いThermo Scientific (cat#AB1453B)製造のVerso cDNA kitまたは High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (cat# 4368813)を用いて、600ngのRNAを実施している逆転写反応に添加した。ABI Taqman Gene Expression Mix(cat#4369510)およびABI(Applied Biosystems Inc.、 Foster City CA製造のApplied Biosystems Taqman Gene Expression Assay: Hs00202021_m1)により設計されたプライマ−/プロ−ブを用いて、逆転写反応からのcDNAをリアルタイムPCR法で遺伝子発現をモニタ−するのに使用した。PCRサイクルはStepOne Plus Real Time PCR Machine(Applied Biosystems)を用いて50℃で2分、95℃で10分、(95℃で15秒、60℃で1分)の40サイクルを使用した。
リアルタイムPCRの結果はSIRT1マウスアンチセンスAK044604に対して設計されたオリゴヌクレオチドの内の3つの投与48時間後にSIRT1 mRNAのレベルが3T3細胞において有意に増加したことを示す(図13)。
ATCC(cat# CRL−1587)由来のVero76増殖培地(MEM/EBSS (Hyclone cat #SH30024、またはMediatech cat # MT−10−010−CV)+10%FBS(Mediatech cat# MT35− 011−CV)+ペニシリン/ストレプトマイチン(Mediatech cat# MT30−002−CI))の中で37度と5%CO2で増殖させた。実験の1日前に、6ウェルプレ−トに1.5x105/mlの密度でリプレ−ティングしたあと、37度と5%CO2でインキュベ−トしておいた。実験の当日に、6ウェルプレ−ト上の培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。全てのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを水中で20μMの濃度に希釈した。この溶液の2μlを400μlのOpti−MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985−070)および4μlのLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen cat# 11668019)を用いて室温で20分間インキュベ−トしてから、Vero細胞を持つ6ウェルプレ−トの各ウエルに塗布した。オリゴヌクレオチドに代えて2μlの水を含む同様の混合液をモックトランスフェクトされた対照に使用した。37度と5%CO2で3〜18時間インキュベ−トした後に、培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの導入から48時間後に培地を除去し、続けて、製造業者の指示書に従い、Promega(cat # Z3105)製造のSV Total RNA Isolation SystemまたはQiagen(cat# 74181)製造のRNeasy Total RNA Isolation kitを用いてRNAを細胞から抽出した。製造業者のプロトコ−ルの記載に従いThermo Scientific (cat#AB1453B)製造のVerso cDNA kitを用いて、600ngのRNAを実施している逆転写反応に添加した。BI Taqman Gene Expression Mix(cat#4369510)およびABI(Applied Biosystems Inc.、 Foster City CA製造のApplied Biosystems Taqman Gene Expression Assay: Hs00202021_m1)により設計されたプライマ−/プロ−ブを用いて、逆転写反応からのcDNAをリアルタイムPCR法で遺伝子発現をモニタ−するのに使用した。PCRサイクルはStepOne Plus Real Time PCR Machine(Applied Biosystems)を用いた50℃で2分、95℃で10分、(95℃で15秒、60℃で1分)の40サイクルを使用した。投与されたサンプルとモックトランスフェクトされたサンプル間の18S−normalized dCt values の差異に基づいて、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの投与後の遺伝子の倍数変化を計算した。
結果:リアルタイムPCRの結果はVero細胞のSIRT1 mRNAのレベルがSIRT1アンチセンスCV396200に対してアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの投与48時間後において有意に増加したことを示す(図5)。
ATCC(cat# CCL−161)由来のDBS増殖培地(MEM/EBSS(Hyclone cat #SH30024、またはMediatech cat # MT−10−010−CV)+10%FBS(Mediatech cat# MT35− 011−CV)+ペニシリン/ストレプトマイチン(Mediatech cat# MT30−002−CI))の中で37度と5%CO2で増殖させた。実験の1日前に、6ウェルプレ−トに1.5x105/mlの密度でリプレ−ティングしたあと、37度と5%CO2でインキュベ−トしておいた。実験の当日に、6ウェルプレ−ト上の培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。全てのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを20μMの濃度に希釈した。この溶液の2μlを400μlのOpti−MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985−070)および4μlのLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen cat# 11668019)を用いて室温で20分間インキュベ−トしてから、3T3細胞を持つ6ウェルプレ−トの各ウエルに塗布した。オリゴヌクレオチドに代えて2μlの水を含む同様の混合液をモックトランスフェクトされた対照に使用した。37度と5%CO2で3〜18時間インキュベ−トした後に、培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの導入から48時間後に培地を除去し、続けて、製造業者の指示書に従いPromega(cat # Z3105)製造のSV Total RNA Isolation SystemまたはQiagen(cat# 74181)製造のRNeasy Total RNA Isolation kitを用いてRNAを細胞から抽出した。製造業者のプロトコ−ルの記載に従いThermo Scientific (cat#AB1453B)製造のVerso cDNA kitまたは High Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit(cat# 4368813)を用いて600ngのRNAを実施している逆転写反応に添加した。BI Taqman Gene Expression Mix(cat#4369510)およびABI(Applied Biosystems Inc.、 Foster City CA製造のApplied Biosystems Taqman Gene Expression Assay: Hs00213036_m1)により設計されたプライマ−/プロ−ブを用いて逆転写反応からのcDNAをリアルタイムPCR法で遺伝子発現をモニタ−するのに使用した。PCRサイクルはStepOne Plus Real Time PCR Machine(Applied Biosystems)を用いた50℃で2分、95℃で10分、(95℃で15秒、60℃で1分)の40サイクルを使用した。
結果:リアルタイムPCRの結果はSIRT6アンチセンスbf772662に対して設計されたオリゴの内の2つおよび、およびNM_133475に対して設計された1つのオリゴの投与48時間後においてDBS細胞のSIRT6のレベルが有意に増加したことを示す(図20)。
材料および方法
裸のアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを用いたHepG2細胞の投与
ATCC(cat# HB−8065)由来のHepC2細胞を増殖培地(MEM/EBSS (Hyclone cat #SH30024、またはMediatech cat # MT−10−010−CV)+10%FBS(Mediatech cat# MT35− 011−CV)+ペニシリン/ストレプトマイチン(Mediatech cat# MT30−002−CI))の中で37度と5%CO2で増殖させた。実験の1日前に6ウェルプレ−トに1.5x105/ml の密度でリプレ−ティングしたあと、37度と5%CO2でインキュベ−トしておいた。実験の当日に6ウェルプレ−ト上の培地を新しい増殖培地の1.5ml/ウエルで置換えた。全てのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを水中で20μMの濃度に希釈した。この溶液の2μlを400μlのOpti−MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985−070)および4μlのLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen cat# 11668019)を用いて室温で20分間インキュベ−トしてから、HepG2細胞を持つ6ウェルプレ−トの各ウエルに塗布した。オリゴヌクレオチドに代えて2μlの水を含む同様の混合液をモックトランスフェクトされた対照に使用した。37度と5%CO2で3〜18時間インキュベ−トした後に培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド導入72時間後、上述したように細胞を再投与した。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの投与から48時間後に培地を除去し、続けて、製造業者の指示書に従いPromega(cat # Z3105)製造のSV Total RNA Isolation SystemまたはQiagen(cat# 74181)製造のRNeasy Total RNA Isolation kitを用いてRNAを細胞から抽出した。製造業者のプロトコ−ルの記載に従いThermo Scientific (cat#AB1453B)製造のVerso cDNA kitを用いて600ngのRNAを実施している逆転写反応に添加したBI Taqman Gene Expression Mix(cat#4369510)およびABI(Applied Biosystems Inc.、 Foster City CA製造のApplied Biosystems Taqman Gene Expression Assay:Hs00202021_m1、 Hs00202030_m1 and Hs00213036_m1)により設計されたプライマ−/プロ−ブを用いて逆転写反応からのcDNAをリアルタイムPCR法で遺伝子発現をモニタ−するのに使用した。PCRサイクルはStepOne Plus Real Time PCR Machine(Applied Biosystems)を用いた50℃で2分、95℃で10分、(95℃で15秒、60℃で1分)の40サイクルを使用した。投与されたサンプルとモックトランスフェクトされたサンプル間の18S−normalized dCt values の差異に基づいてアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの投与後の遺伝子の倍数変化を計算した。
フォワ−ドプライマ−配列、CCATCAGACGACATCCCTTAACAAA(配列番号96)
リバ−スプライマ−配列、ACATTATATCATAGCTCCTAAAGGAGATGCA(配列番号97)
リポ−タ−配列、CAGAGTTTCAATTCCC(配列番号98)
この結果はsirtas(sirtas_5、 P=0.01)に対して設計されたsiRNAsの内の1つの投与48時間後においてHepG2細胞のSIRT1 mRNAのレベルが個々に有意に増加したことを示す。同じサンプルにおいてsirtas_5投与後にsirtasRNAのレベルは有意に減少したが、しかしsirtas_6およびsirtas_7投与後には変化がなく、これらはSIRT1 mRNAのレベルに作用しない(図2)。sirtas_5、sirtas_6およびsirtas_7は配列番号39、39および40にそれぞれ対応する。
初代サル肝細胞をRxGen Inc.による培養に導入し6ウェルプレ−トにプレ−ティングした。以下のようにしてオリゴヌクレオチドで投与した。6ウェルプレ−ト上の培地を5%FBS、50U/mlペニシリンおよび50ug/mlストレプトマイシン、4ug/mlインシュリン、1uMデキサメタゾン、10ug/ml Fungin(InVivogen、 San Diego CA)を補充したWilliam′s Medium E(Sigma cat#W4128)から成る新しい増殖培地に代えた。全てのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを20μMの濃度に希釈した。この溶液の2μlを400μlのOpti−MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985−070)および4μlのLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen cat# 11668019)を用いて室温で20分間インキュベ−トしてから、細胞を持つ6ウェルプレ−トの各ウエルに塗布した。オリゴヌクレオチドに代えて2μlの水を含む同様の混合液をモックトランスフェクトされた対照に使用した。37度と5%CO2で3〜18時間インキュベ−トした後に、培地を新しい増殖培地に代えた。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの導入から48時間後に培地を除去し、続けて、製造業者の指示書に従い、Promega(cat # Z3105)製造のSV Total RNA Isolation SystemまたはQiagen(cat# 74181)製造のRNeasy Total RNA Isolation kitを用いてRNAを細胞から抽出した。製造業者のプロトコ−ルの記載に従いThermo Scientific(cat#AB1453B)製造のVerso cDNA kitを用いて600ngのRNAを実施している逆転写反応に添加した。BI Taqman Gene Expression Mix(cat#4369510)およびABI(Applied Biosystems Inc.、 Foster City CA製造のApplied Biosystems Taqman Gene Expression Assay:Hs00202021_m1、 Hs00202030_m1 and Hs00213036_m1)により設計されたプライマ−/プロ−ブを用いて逆転写反応からのcDNAをリアルタイムPCR法で遺伝子発現をモニタ−するのに使用した。PCRサイクルはMx4000サ−マルサイクラ−(Stratagene)を用いて50℃で2分、95℃で10分、(95℃で15秒、60℃で1分)の40サイクルを使用した。投与されたサンプルとモックトランスフェクトされたサンプル間の18S−normalized dCt values の差異に基づいてアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの投与後の遺伝子の倍数変化を計算した。
結果 結果を図7に示した。リアルタイムPCRの結果はSIRT1SIRT1アンチセンスに対してオリゴヌクレオチドの投与後においてmRNAのレベルの増加を示した。
本研究の目的はヒト以外の霊長類モデルにおける静脈内投与したのちのSIRT1遺伝子を制御する不一致の非コ−ド化アンチセンス配列のアンチセンスノックダウンの効果を評価し比較することであった。SIRT1調節配列を阻害するように設計されたアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド被験物質はCUR963と指定する。
CUR 963: +G*+T*C*T*G*A*T*G*G*+A*+G*+A(配列番号34)
CUR 962(対照): +G*+C*T*A*G*T*C*T*G*+T*+T*+G(配列番号99)
受け入れられる毒性学的基本原則に従い、医薬品規制ハ−モナイゼ−ション(ICH)Harmonized Tripartite Guidelines (Non−Clinical Safety Studies for the Conduct of Human Clinical Trials for Pharmaceuticals ICH M3(m)、 2000 November 9)および治療剤の試験についての通常受け入れられる方法を満たすように本試験を設計した。
被験物質の同定および調合
被験物質、CUR−963は化学的に安定したアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドである。静脈内投与媒体はリン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS)である。
PBS媒体についての組成物、バッチ番号、使用期限および保存条件(温度および明暗)についてはサプライヤ−から得た。
被験物質および媒体はスポンサ−および製造業者から提供され受領した保存条件に応じて保存した。
被験物質製剤のサンプルは被験物質製剤の濃度、安定性および均一性の解析のために凍結保存される。
霊長類は潜在的有害性の指数として行政当局が受け入れる好適な非げっ歯類であり、そのための膨大な背景デ−タが入手可能である。アフリカミドリサルは複数の人間生理的および疾患状態についての高度に臨床的には意義のあるモデルである。
種:種はChlorocebus sabaeus、非ヒト霊長類である。
動物の識別および無作為化:割り当ては体重および血漿コレステロ−ルプロファイルに基づいて層別無作為化手順の方法で行った。群に割り当てする前後では各動物を腹部の刺青で識別した。通常行う健康診査の過程での識別の方法として全てのコロニ−動物に刺青を付けた。ケ−ジ内にハウジングされた個体を識別するためにケ−ジ計画を作成し、かつ、個々のケ−ジに取付けられた標識タグにより個別のサルはさらに識別された。
脂肪生検:第26試験日にY775を除く全ての試験に使うサルに対して、へその下の1cmの正中切開を通して組織抽出をすることで皮下脂肪の生検を実施した。生検物を2mlのRNAlater(Qiagen)を含む標識クリオチュウブに直ちに浸し、一晩4℃でインキュベ−トした後はRNAlaterを吸引してサンプルチュ−ブを液体窒素中で急速冷凍した。液体窒素での輸送の後は標的遺伝子のリアルタイムqPCRのために全RNAを単離した。
アンチセンスDNAオリゴヌクレオチド(ASO)の投与:SIRT1ASに特異的であるアンチセンスDNAオリゴヌクレオチド(ASO)を肥満と糖尿病を誘発させるために高脂肪食を12週間食べさせたC57B1/6Jマウスに投与する(Purushotham A. et al.、 (2009) Cell Metabolism 9、 p. 327−338)。ASOのマウスへの投与は高脂肪食の実施時に開始する。マウスに、通常生理食塩溶液で調製されたASOを5mg/kgの濃度で週1回IP注射した。
Claims (39)
- インビボまたはインビトロでの患者細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を調節する方法であって、前記細胞または組織と長さが5〜30ヌクレオチドの少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドとを接触させることを含み、その中で、前記の少なくとも1つのオリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号5のヌクレオチド1〜1028、または配列番号6のヌクレオチド1〜429、または配列番号7のヌクレオチド1〜156、または配列番号8のヌクレオチド1〜593、または配列番号9の1〜373、または配列番号10のヌクレオチド1〜1713、または配列番号11のヌクレオチド1〜660、または配列番号12のヌクレオチド1〜589、または配列番号13のヌクレオチド1〜428、および配列番号14のヌクレオチド1〜4041の中の5〜30の連続ヌクレオチドを含むポリヌクレオチドの逆相補体に対して少なくとも50%配列相同性を有し、それによりインビボまたはインビトロでの患者細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を調節する方法。
- インビボまたはインビトロでの患者細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を調節する方法であって、前記細胞または組織と長さが5〜30ヌクレオチドの少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドとを接触させることを含み、その中で、前記の少なくとも1つのオリゴヌクレオチドが、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンスの逆相補体に対して少なくとも50%配列相同性を有し、それによりインビボまたはインビトロでの患者細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を調節する方法。
- インビボまたはインビトロでの患者細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を調節する方法であって、前記細胞または組織と長さが5〜30ヌクレオチドの少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドとを接触させることを含み、その中で、前記オリゴヌクレオチドが前記サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドへのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドに対して少なくとも50%配列相同性を有し、それによりインビボまたはインビトロでの患者細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を調節する方法。
- インビボまたはインビトロでの患者細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を調節する方法であって、前記細胞または組織と前記サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの天然のアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの領域を標的とする少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドとを接触させることを含み、それによりインビボまたはインビトロでの患者細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を調節する方法。
- 対照に関するインビボまたはインビトロでの前記サ−チュイン(SIRT)の機能および/または発現が増大する、請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドがサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンス配列を標的とする、請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドが、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドのコ−ド化および/または非コ−ド化核酸配列を含む核酸配列を標的とする、請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドが、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドのオ−バ−ラップしたおよび/またはオ−バ−ラップしていない配列を標的とする、請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドが、少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分、少なくとも1つの修飾されたインタ−ヌクレオシド結合、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチド、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される1以上の修飾を含む、請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記1以上の修飾が、2′−O−メトキシエチル修飾された糖部分、2′−メトキシ修飾された糖部分、2′−O−アルキル修飾された糖部分、二環式糖部分、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択された少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分を含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記1以上の修飾が、ホスホロチオエ−ト、2′−O−メトキシエチル(MOE)、2′−フルオロ、アルキルホスホン酸塩、ホスホロジチオエ−ト、アルキルホスホノチオエ−ト、ホスホルアミダ−ト、カ−バメイト、カ−ボネイト、リン酸トリエステル、アセトアミダ−ト、カルボキシメチルエステル、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択された少なくとも1つの修飾されたインタ−ヌクレオシド結合を含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記1以上の修飾が、ペプチド核酸(PNA)、ロックド核酸(LNA)、アラビノ−核酸(FANA)、類似体、誘導体、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択された少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチドを含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのオリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号15から94と示された少なくとも1つのオリゴヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- インビボまたはインビトロでの哺乳動物細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)の機能および/または発現を調節する方法であって、前記細胞または組織と長さが5〜30ヌクレオチドの少なくとも1つの低分子干渉RNA(siRNA)、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドのアンチセンスポリヌクレオチドに特異的な前記少なくとも1つのsiRNAオリゴヌクレオチドとを接触させること、その中で、前記少なくとも1つのsiRNAオリゴヌクレオチドが、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの前記アンチセンスおよび/またはセンス核酸分子の少なくとも約5つの連続する核酸の相補的な配列に対して少なくとも50%配列相同性を有し、および、インビボまたはインビトロでの哺乳動物細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)の機能および/または発現を調節すること、を含む方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドのアンチセンスおよび/またはセンス核酸分子と相補的である少なくとも約5つの連続する核酸の配列に対して少なくとも80%配列相同性を有する、請求項14記載の方法。
- インビボまたはインビトロでの哺乳動物細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)の機能および/または発現を調節する方法であって、前記細胞または組織とサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドのセンスおよび/または天然アンチセンス鎖の非コ−ド化および/またはコ−ド化配列に特異的な長さが5〜30ヌクレオチドの少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドとを接触させること、その中で、前記少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号1から14と示された少なくとも1つの核酸配列に対して少なくとも50%配列相同性を有し、および、インビボまたはインビトロでの哺乳動物細胞または組織におけるサ−チュイン(SIRT)の機能および/または発現を調節することを含む、方法。
- 少なくとも1つの修飾を含む合成の修飾されたオリゴヌクレオチドであって、前記少なくとも1つの修飾が、少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分;少なくとも1つの修飾されたインタ−ヌクレオチド結合;少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチド;およびこれらの組み合わせから選択され、前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、通常の対照と比べて、インビボまたはインビトロでのサ−チュイン(SIRT)の機能および/または発現に対してハイブリダイズし、かつ、調節するアンチセンス化合物である、オリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記少なくとも1つの修飾が、ホスホロチオエ−ト、アルキルホスホン酸塩、ホスホロジチオエ−ト、アルキルホスホノチオエ−ト、ホスホルアミダ−ト、カ−バメイト、カ−ボネイト、リン酸トリエステル、アセトアミダ−ト、カルボキシメチルエステル、およびこれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択されたインタ−ヌクレオチド結合を含む、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、少なくとも1つのホスホロチオエ−トインタ−ヌクレオチド結合を含む、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、ホスホロチオエ−トインタ−ヌクレオチド結合の骨格を含む、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチドを含み、前記修飾されたヌクレオチドが、ペプチド核酸、ロックド核酸(LNA)、類似体、誘導体、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、複数の修飾を含み、前記修飾が、ホスホロチオエ−ト、アルキルホスホン酸塩、ホスホロジチオエ−ト、アルキルホスホノチオエ−ト、ホスホルアミダ−ト、カ−バメイト、カ−ボネイト、リン酸トリエステル、アセトアミダ−ト、カルボキシメチルエステル、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される修飾されたヌクレオチドを含む、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、複数の修飾を含み、前記修飾が、ペプチド核酸、ロックド核酸(LNA)、類似体、誘導体、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される修飾されたヌクレオチドを含む、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、2′−O−メトキシエチル修飾された糖部分、2′−メトキシ修飾された糖部分、2′−O−アルキル修飾された糖部分、二環式糖部分、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分を含む、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、複数の修飾を含み、前記修飾が、2′−O−メトキシエチル修飾された糖部分、2′−メトキシ修飾された糖部分、2′−O−アルキル修飾された糖部分、二環式糖部分、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択される修飾された糖部分を含む、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、長さが少なくとも約5〜30ヌクレオチドであり、かつ、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドのアンチセンスおよび/またはセンス鎖に対してハイブリダイズし、前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドのアンチセンスおよび/またはセンスコ−ド化および/または非コ−ド化核酸配列の少なくとも約5つの連続する核酸の相補的な配列に対して少なくとも約20%配列相同性を有する、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、前記サ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドのアンチセンスおよび/またはセンスコ−ド化および/または非コ−ド化核酸配列の少なくとも約5つの連続する核酸の相補的な配列に対して少なくとも約80%配列相同性を有する、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 通常の対照と比べて、前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、インビボまたはインビトロでの少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの発現および/または機能に対してハイブリダイズし、かつ、調整する、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号15から94と示された配列を含む、請求項17記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 1以上のサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドに特異的な1以上のオリゴヌクレオチドをふくむ化合物であって、前記ポリヌクレオチドが、アンチセンス配列、相補的な配列、対立遺伝子、相同体、アイソフォ−ム、変種、誘導体、変異体、断片、またはこれらの組み合わせを含む、組成物。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号15から94と示されたヌクレオチド配列の1つと比較してオリゴヌクレオチドが少なくとも約40%配列相同性を有する、請求項30記載の組成物。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号15から94と示されたヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項30記載の組成物。
- 配列番号15から94と示された前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、1つ以上の修飾または置換を含む、請求項32記載の組成物。
- 前記1つ以上の修飾が、ホスホロチオエ−ト、メチルホスホネ−ト、ペプチド核酸、ロックド核酸(LNA)分子、およびこれらの組み合せから選択される、請求項33記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドおよび/または少なくとも1つのこれらのコ−ド化された産物に関連する疾患の予防または治療する方法であり、前記少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの天然のアンチセンス配列と結合し、かつ、前記少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの発現を調整する少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの有効治療量を患者に投与することを含み、それにより前記少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドおよび/または少なくとも1つのこれらのコ−ド化された産物に関連する疾患を予防するまたは治療する、方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドに関連する疾患が、癌(例えば、乳癌、大腸癌、CCL、CML、前立腺癌)、神経変性疾患または障害(例えば、アルツハイマ−病(AD)、ハンチントン病、パ−キンソン病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)、多発性硬化症、およびポリグルタミンの凝集による障害)、骨格筋疾患(例えば、デュシャンヌ型筋ジストロフィ−症、骨格筋萎縮、ベッカ−型筋ジストロフィ−、または筋硬直性ジストロフィ−)、代謝疾患または障害(例えば、インスリン抵抗性、糖尿病、2型糖尿病、肥満、グルコ−ス耐性障害、メタボリックシンドロ−ム、大人の糖尿病、糖尿病性腎症、高血糖、糖尿病性腎症、高コレステロ−ル血症、脂質代謝異常、高脂血症および加齢性代謝疾患など)、インシュリン値の調節障害に関連する疾患または障害、神経障害(例えば、感覚神経障害、自律神経障害、運動神経障害、網膜症)、ケトン原性条件に関連する疾患または障害、エネルギ−恒常性障害に関連する疾患または障害、アセチルCoA合成酵素2活性に関連する疾患または障害、代謝恒常性に関連する疾患または障害、脂質代謝性疾患または障害、熱産生障害に関連する疾患または障害、ミトコンドリア機能障害に関連する疾患または障害、神経障害(例えば、感覚神経障害、自律神経障害、運動神経障害、網膜症)、肝臓疾患(例えば、アルコ−ル依存症または肝炎、脂肪肝による)、加齢性黄斑変性症、骨疾患(例えば、骨粗鬆症)、血液疾患(例えば、白血病)、肝臓疾患(例えば、アルコ−ル依存症または肝炎による)、肥満、骨吸収、加齢性黄斑変性症、AIDS関連の認知症、ALS、ベル麻痺、動脈硬化症、心臓疾患(例えば、不整脈、慢性うっ血性心不全、虚血性脳卒中、冠動脈疾患および心筋症)、慢性の変形性疾患(例えば、心筋疾患)、慢性腎不全、2型糖尿病、潰瘍、白内障、老眼、糸球体腎炎、ギラン−バレ−症候群、出血性の脳卒中、関節リュウマチ、炎症性腸疾患、SLE、クロ−ン病、骨関節炎、骨粗鬆症、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、肺炎、皮膚老化症、尿失禁、ミトコンドリア機能障害に関連する疾患または障害(例えば、ミトコンドリアミオパシ−、脳障害、レ−バ−病、リ−脳症、ピアソン病、乳酸アシド−シス、ミトコンドリア脳症、乳酸アシド−シスおよび、脳卒中様症状(MELAS)など)および、神経細胞死に関連する疾患または障害、退行性変化症候群、加齢、テロメア機能障害に関連する疾患または障害、クロマチン制御障害に関連する疾患または障害、早期細胞老化に関連する疾患または障害、SIRT6媒介のDNA修復障害に関連する疾患または障害、および望ましくない細胞損失を特徴とする状態、から選択される、請求項35記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドおよび/または少なくとも1つのこれらのコ−ド化された産物に関連する皮膚状態を予防するまたは治療する方法であって、前記少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの天然のアンチセンス配列と結合し、かつ、前記少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドの発現を調節する少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの有効治療量を、ある皮膚状態を有する、またはある皮膚状態が発現するリスクの患者に投与することを含み、それにより前記少なくとも1つのサ−チュイン(SIRT)ポリヌクレオチドおよび/または少なくとも1つのこれらのコ−ド化された産物に関連する前記疾患皮膚状態を予防するまたは治療する、方法。
- 前記皮膚状態が、炎症、光障害、または加齢により起こる、請求項38記載の方法。
- 前記皮膚状態が、しわ、接触性皮膚炎、アトピ−性皮膚炎、日光角化症、角化異常症、表皮水疱症、剥脱性皮膚炎、脂漏性皮膚炎、紅斑、円板状紅斑性狼瘡、皮膚筋炎、皮膚癌、または自然な老化によるものである、請求項39記載の方法。
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US20120252869A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
WO2011011700A2 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
US20200131517A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
CA2768947A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
US10934546B2 (en) | 2021-03-02 |
KR20120047268A (ko) | 2012-05-11 |
CN102712925B (zh) | 2017-10-27 |
US10563202B2 (en) | 2020-02-18 |
KR101801407B1 (ko) | 2017-11-24 |
CN102712925A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
US20150267204A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
JP6101749B2 (ja) | 2017-03-22 |
WO2011011700A3 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
JP2015221044A (ja) | 2015-12-10 |
CA2768947C (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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