JP5904935B2 - デルタ様1ホモログ(dlk1)に対する天然アンチセンス転写物の抑制によるdlk1関連疾患の治療 - Google Patents
デルタ様1ホモログ(dlk1)に対する天然アンチセンス転写物の抑制によるdlk1関連疾患の治療 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、どちらも参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる2009年3月17日出願米国特許仮出願第61/160,758号、発明の名称「Treatment of Nerve Paralysis and Disorders Thereof」および2009年5月14日出願米国特許仮出願第61/178,195号、発明の名称「Delta-Like 1 Antisense Oligonucleotides」の優先権を主張する。
本明細書において使用される専門用語は、特定の実施形態を記載する目的のためだけであり、本発明の限定となることを意図しない。本明細書において使用される単数形「a」、「an」および「the」は、文脈がそうでないと明確に示さなければ複数形を同様に含んで意味する。さらに用語「含んでいる(including)」、「含む(include)」、「有している(having)」、「有する(has)」、「有する(with)」またはそれらの変形は、詳細な記載および/または特許請求の範囲のいずれにおいても使用され、そのような用語は用語「含む(comprising)」と同様の様式で包括的であることを意図する。
・フィッシャー症候群;小発作;ミトコンドリア筋症;メビウス症候群;単肢筋萎縮症;運動ニューロン疾患;もやもや病;ムコ多糖症;多発脳梗塞性認知症;多巣性運動ニューロパチー;多発性硬化症および他の脱髄性疾患;体位性低血圧を伴う多系統萎縮症;筋ジストロフィー;重症筋無力症;ミエリン分解性びまん性硬化症(myelinoclastic diffuse sclerosis);乳児ミオクローヌス性脳症;ミオクローヌス;ミオパチー;先天性筋緊張症;ナルコレプシー;神経線維腫症;神経遮断薬悪性症候群;AIDSの神経症状;ループスの神経性後遺症;神経性筋強直症;ニューロンセロイド脂褐素症;ニューロン遊走障害;ニーマン・ピック病;オサリバン・マクラウド症候群(O'Sullivan-McLeod syndrome);後頭神経痛;潜在性脊椎癒合不全の続発;大田原症候群;オリーブ橋小脳萎縮症;眼球クローヌス・ミオクローヌス;視神経炎;起立性低血圧症;オーバーユース症候群;感覚異常症;神経変性の疾患または障害(パーキンソン病、ハンチントン病、アルツハイマー病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)、認知症、多発性硬化症および神経細胞死に関連する他の疾患または障害);先天性パラミオトニア;腫瘍随伴疾患;発作;パリー・ロンベルク症候群;ペリツェウス・メルツバッヘル病;周期性四肢麻痺;末梢性ニューロパチー;有痛性ニューロパチーおよび神経因性疼痛;遷延性植物状態;広汎性発達障害;光くしゃみ反射;フィタン酸蓄積症;ピック病;はさまれた神経(pinched nerve);下垂体腫瘍;多発性筋炎;孔脳症;ポリオ後症候群;ヘルペス後神経痛;麻疹後脳脊髄炎;体位性低血圧症;プラダー・ウィリー症候群;原発性側索硬化症;プリオン病;進行性顔面片側萎縮症;進行性多巣性白質脳症;進行性硬化性ポリオジストロフィー(progressive sclerosing poliodystrophy);進行性核上性麻痺;偽脳腫瘍;ラムゼイ・ハント症候群(I型およびII型);ラスムッセン脳炎;反射性交感神経性ジストロフィー症候群;レフサム病;反復運動障害(repetitive motion disorder);反復ストレス傷害;レストレスレッグス症候群;レトロウイルス関連脊髄症(retrovirus-associated myelopathy);レット症候群;ライ症候群;舞踏病;サンドホフ病;シルダー病;裂脳症;中隔視神経異形成症;揺さぶられっ子症候群;帯状ヘルペス;シャイ・ドレーガー症候群;シェーグレン症候群;睡眠時無呼吸;ソトス症候群;痙縮;二分脊椎症;脊髄損傷;脊髄腫瘍;脊髄性筋萎縮症;全身硬直症候群;脳卒中;スタージ・ウェーバー症候群;亜急性硬化性全脳炎;皮質下動脈硬化性脳症;シドナム舞踏病;失神;脊髄空洞症;遅発性ジスキネジア;テイ・サックス病;側頭動脈炎;脊髄係留症候群;トムゼン病;胸郭出口症候群;有痛性チック;トッド麻痺;トゥレット症候群;一過性脳虚血発作;伝達性海綿状脳症;横断性脊髄炎;外傷性脳損傷;振戦;三叉神経痛;熱帯性痙性不全対麻痺症;結節性硬化症;血管性認知症(多発脳梗塞性認知症);側頭動脈炎を含めた脈管炎;フォンヒッペル・リンダウ病;ワレンベルグ症候群;ウェルドニッヒ・ホフマン病;ウエスト症候群;むち打ち症;ウィリアムズ症候群;ウィルソン病;ならびにツェルウェガー症候群。
標的:一実施形態において標的は、限定することなく、デルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)に関連するセンスおよび/またはアンチセンスの非コードおよび/またはコード配列を含めた、DLK1の核酸配列を含む。
外来性核酸の宿主細胞または生体への輸送は、細胞中または生体中の核酸を直接検出するステップによって評価されうる。そのような検出は、当技術分野において周知のいくつかの方法によって達成されうる。例えば、外来性核酸の存在は、サザンブロットまたは核酸に関連するヌクレオチド配列を特異的に増幅するプライマーを使用するポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)技術によって検出されうる。外来性核酸の発現も遺伝子発現分析を含む従来法を使用して測定されうる。例えば外来性核酸から産生されるmRNAはノーザンブロットおよび逆転写PCR(RT-PCR)を使用して検出および定量されうる。
本発明の化合物は、診断、治療および予防のためにならびに研究用試薬およびキットの構成要素として利用されうる。さらに、精緻な特異性を有して遺伝子発現を抑制できるアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドは、当業者によって特定の遺伝子の機能を解明するため、または生物学的経路の種々のメンバー間の機能を区別するためにしばしば使用される。
本発明のオリゴヌクレオチドの他の修飾は、オリゴヌクレオチドの活性、細胞分布または細胞への取り込みを増強する1つまたは複数の成分または複合体のオリゴヌクレオチドへの化学的連結を含む。これらの成分または複合体は、1級または2級ヒドロキシル基などの官能基に共有結合した複合基を含みうる。本発明の複合基は、干渉物質、レポーター分子、ポリアミン、ポリアミド、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリエーテル、オリゴマーの薬力学特性を増強する基、およびオリゴマーの薬物動態特性を増強する基を含む。典型的な複合基は、コレステロール、脂質、リン脂質、ビオチン、フェナジン、葉酸、フェナントリジン、アントラキノン、アクリジン、フルオレセイン、ローダミン、クマリン、および色素を含む。本発明の文脈において薬力学特性を増強する基は、取り込みを改善し、分解への耐性を増強し、および/または標的核酸との配列特異的ハイブリダイゼーションを強化する基を含む。本発明の文脈において薬物動態特性を増強する基は、本発明の化合物の取り込み、分布、代謝または排出を改善する基を含む。代表的複合基は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる1992年10月23日出願の国際特許出願PCT/US92/09196および米国特許第6,287,860号において開示されている。複合体成分は、これだけに限らないがコレステロール成分、コール酸、チオエーテル、例えばヘキシル-S-トリチルチオール、チオコレステロール、脂肪族鎖、例えばドデカンジオールまたはウンデシル残基、リン脂質、例えばジ-ヘキサデシル-rac-グリセロールまたはトリエチルアンモニウム1,2-ジ-O-ヘキサデシル-rac-グリセロ-3-H-ホスホネート、ポリアミンまたはポリエチレングリコール鎖、あるいはアダマンタン酢酸、パルミチル成分、またはオクタデシルアミンもしくはヘキシルアミノ-カルボニル-オキシコレステロール成分などの脂質成分を含む。本発明のオリゴヌクレオチドは、活性原薬、例えばアスピリン、ワルファリン、フェニルブタゾン、イブプロフェン、スプロフェン、フェンブフェン、ケトプロフェン、(S)-(+)-プラノプロフェン、カルプロフェン、ダンシルサルコシン、2,3,5-トリヨード安息香酸、フルフェナム酸、フォリン酸、ベンゾチアジアジド、クロロチアジド、ジアゼピン、インドメチシン、バルビツール酸、セファロスポリン、サルファ剤、抗糖尿病薬、抗菌剤または抗生物質とも複合体化されうる。
本発明の化合物は、取り込み、分布および/または吸収の補助ために、例えばリポソーム、受容体-標的分子、経口、直腸、局所または他の製剤として、他の分子、分子構造または化合物の混合物と、混合、封入、複合体化または、そうでなければ、付随されうる。そのような取り込み、分布および/または吸収を補助する製剤の調製を説明する代表的米国特許は、これだけに限らないが、それぞれが本明細書に参照として組み込まれる米国特許5,108,921;5,354,844;5,416,016;5,459,127;5,521,291;5,543,165;5,547,932;5,583,020;5,591,721;4,426,330;4,534,899;5,013,556;5,108,921;5,213,804;5,227,170;5,264,221;5,356,633;5,395,619;5,416,016;5,417,978;5,462,854;5,469,854;5,512,295;5,527,528;5,534,259;5,543,152;5,556,948;5,580,575;および5,595,756を含む。
治療用組成物の処方およびそれらの続く投与(投薬)は、当業者の技能の範囲内であると考えられる。投薬は、数日間から数カ月間続くまたは治療が効果的になるもしくは病態の減退が達成されるまでの治療過程において、治療される病態の重症度および応答性に依存する。最適な投薬計画は、患者身体での薬剤蓄積の測定から算出されうる。当業者は、最適投与量、投薬方法および繰り返し率(repetition rate)を容易に決定できる。最適な投与量は、個々のオリゴヌクレオチドの相対的効力に応じて変動する場合があり、一般にin vitroおよびin vivo動物モデルにおいて効果的であると見出されたEC50に基づいて概算されうる。一般に投与量は、体重1kgあたり0.01μg〜100gであり、1日に、1週間に、1カ月にもしくは1年に1回もしくは複数回またはさらに2〜20年ごとに1回である場合がある。当業者は、測定された滞留時間および体液または組織における薬剤の濃度に基づいて投薬についての繰り返し率を容易に概算できる。治療の成功に続いて、病態の再発を予防するために患者に維持療法を受けさせることが望ましい場合があり、ここでオリゴヌクレオチドは維持投与において体重1kgあたり0.01μg〜100g、1日1回または複数回から20年ごとに1回の範囲で投与される。
以下の非限定的実施例は、本発明の選択された実施形態を例示するために利用できる。示される構成要素の割合における変動および構成要素における代替は当業者に明らかであり、本発明の実施形態の範囲内であることは理解される。
デルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドのアンチセンス鎖および/またはセンス鎖核酸分子に特異的なアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの設計
上に示すとおり用語「に特異的なオリゴヌクレオチド」または「オリゴヌクレオチド標的」は、(i)標的遺伝子の一部分と安定な複合体を形成できる配列、または(ii)標的遺伝子のmRNA転写物の一部分と安定な2重鎖を形成できる配列を有するオリゴヌクレオチドを意味する。
DLK1ポリヌクレオチドの調節
アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドでのHepG2細胞の処置
ATCC (cat# HB-8065)由来のHepG2細胞を増殖培地(MEM/EBSS (Hyclone cat #SH30024またはMediatech cat # MT-10-010-CV) +10% FBS (Mediatech cat# MT35-011-CV)+ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン(Mediatech cat# MT30-002-CI))中、37℃、5% CO2で増殖させた。実験前日に、細胞を1mlあたり1.5×105個の密度で6ウエルプレートに再播種し、37℃、5% CO2でインキュベートした。実験当日に6ウエルプレートの培地を新鮮増殖培地に交換した。全てのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを濃度20μMに希釈した。この溶液2μlをOpti-MEM培地(Gibco cat#31985-070) 400μlおよびLipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen cat# 11668019) 4μlと室温で20分間インキュベートし、HepG2細胞を含む6ウエルプレートの各ウエルに添加した。オリゴヌクレオチド溶液の代わりに水2μlを含む同様の混合物を偽形質移入対照用に使用した。37℃、5% CO2での3〜18時間のインキュベーション後、培地を新鮮増殖培地に交換した。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの添加の48時間後、培地を除去し、RNAを細胞からPromegaからのSV Total RNA Isolation System(cat# Z3105)またはQiagenからのRNeasy Total RNA Isolation kit(cat#74181)を製造者の手順書に従って使用して抽出した。RNA 600ngをThermo ScientificからのVerso cDNAキット(cat#AB1453B)またはApplied BiosystemsからのHigh Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit(#4368813)を製造者の手順書に記載のとおり使用して実施した逆転写反応に加えた。この逆転写反応からのcDNAをABI Taqman gene Expression Mix(cat#4369510)およびABI(Applied Biosystems Taqman Gene Expression Assays: Hs00171584_m1、Applied Biosystems Inc.、Foster City CA)によって設計されたプライマー/プローブを使用するリアルタイムPCRによって遺伝子発現をモニターするために使用した。以下のPCRサイクルを使用した:50℃で2分間、95℃で10分間、(95℃で15秒間、60℃で1分間)を40サイクル、Mx4000 thermal cycler(Stratagene)を使用。
18s:4319413E (HEX ラベルされた)、
DLK1:Hs00171584_ml(FAMラベルされた)。
Claims (22)
- in vivoまたはin vitroで患者の細胞または組織におけるデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドの機能および/または発現を増大させるための組成物であって、
配列番号3を有するデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドの領域を標的にし、かつ、特異的にハイブリダイズする、長さ19から30ヌクレオチドの少なくとも1つのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを含み、
前記オリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号4または5に記載のヌクレオチド配列を含む、組成物。 - デルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)の機能および/または発現が対照と比較してin vivoまたはin vitroで増大する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのオリゴヌクレオチドがデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンス配列を標的にする、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのオリゴヌクレオチドがデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドのコードおよび/または非コード核酸配列に対する天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドを標的にする、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのオリゴヌクレオチドがデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドの重複したおよび/または重複していない配列を有する天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドを標的にする、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのオリゴヌクレオチドが、少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオシド間結合、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチドおよびそれらの組み合わせから選択される1つまたは複数の修飾を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 1つまたは複数の修飾が2'-O-メトキシエチル修飾糖部分、2'-メトキシ修飾糖部分、2'-O-アルキル修飾糖部分、二環性糖部分およびそれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分を含む、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 1つまたは複数の修飾がホスホロチオエート、アルキルホスホネート、ホスホロジチオエート、アルキルホスホノチオエート、ホスホラミデート、カルバミン酸、炭酸、リン酸トリエステル、アセトアミデート、カルボキシメチルエステルおよびそれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオシド間結合を含む、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 1つまたは複数の修飾が、ペプチド核酸(PNA)、ロックド核酸(LNA)、アラビノ核酸(FANA)、それらの類似体、誘導体および組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチドを含む、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- in vivoまたはin vitroで哺乳動物の細胞または組織におけるデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)遺伝子の発現を増大させるための組成物であって、
配列番号3に対して少なくとも90%の配列相補性を有する、デルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドの天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドに特異的な、長さ19〜30ヌクレオチドの少なくとも1つの低分子干渉RNA(siRNA)オリゴヌクレオチドを含み、
前記オリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号4または5に記載のヌクレオチド配列を含む、組成物。 - 少なくとも1つの修飾を含む長さ19から30ヌクレオチドの合成修飾オリゴヌクレオチドであって、少なくとも1つの修飾が、少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチド間結合、少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチド、およびそれらの組み合わせから選択され、配列番号3から選択される天然アンチセンスポリヌクレオチドにハイブリダイズし、かつ正常対照と比較してin vivoまたはin vitroでデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)遺伝子の発現を増大させるアンチセンス化合物であり、
前記オリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号4または5に記載のヌクレオチド配列を含む、オリゴヌクレオチド。 - 少なくとも1つの修飾が、ホスホロチオエート、アルキルホスホネート、ホスホロジチオエート、アルキルホスホノチオエート、ホスホラミデート、カルバミン酸、炭酸、リン酸トリエステル、アセトアミデート、カルボキシメチルエステルおよびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるヌクレオチド間結合を含む、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 少なくとも1つのホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合を含む、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- ホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合の骨格を含む、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- ペプチド核酸、ロックド核酸(LNA)、類似体、誘導体、およびそれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾されたヌクレオチドを含む、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- ホスホロチオエート、アルキルホスホネート、ホスホロジチオエート、アルキルホスホノチオエート、ホスホラミデート、カルバミン酸、炭酸、リン酸トリエステル、アセトアミデート、カルボキシメチルエステル、およびそれらの組み合わせから選択される修飾されたヌクレオチドを含む複数の修飾を含む、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- ペプチド核酸、ロックド核酸(LNA)、類似体、誘導体、およびそれらの組み合わせから選択される修飾されたヌクレオチドを含む複数の修飾を含む、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 2'-O-メトキシエチル修飾糖部分、2'-メトキシ修飾糖部分、2'-O-アルキル修飾糖部分、二環性糖部分、およびそれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1つの修飾された糖部分を含む、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 2'-O-メトキシエチル修飾糖部分、2'-メトキシ修飾糖部分、2'-O-アルキル修飾糖部分、二環性糖部分、およびそれらの組み合わせから選択される修飾された糖部分を含む複数の修飾を含む、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- 少なくとも1つのデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドにハイブリダイズし、かつ正常対照と比較してin vivoまたはin vitroで少なくとも1つのデルタ様1ホモログ(DLK1)ポリヌクレオチドの発現および/または機能を調節する、請求項11に記載のオリゴヌクレオチド。
- オリゴヌクレオチドが、1つまたは複数の修飾または置換を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 1つまたは複数の修飾が、ホスホロチオエート、メチルホスホネート、ペプチド核酸、ロックド核酸(LNA)分子およびそれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項21に記載の組成物。
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