JP4947163B2 - プリフォームおよび炭素繊維強化プラスチックの製造方法 - Google Patents
プリフォームおよび炭素繊維強化プラスチックの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4947163B2 JP4947163B2 JP2010029685A JP2010029685A JP4947163B2 JP 4947163 B2 JP4947163 B2 JP 4947163B2 JP 2010029685 A JP2010029685 A JP 2010029685A JP 2010029685 A JP2010029685 A JP 2010029685A JP 4947163 B2 JP4947163 B2 JP 4947163B2
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- carbon fiber
- nonwoven fabric
- base material
- preform
- resin
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-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2926—Coated or impregnated inorganic fiber fabric
- Y10T442/2984—Coated or impregnated carbon or carbonaceous fiber fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
- Y10T442/641—Sheath-core multicomponent strand or fiber material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/69—Autogenously bonded nonwoven fabric
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
A.粒子径が小さく、粒子径が均一な熱可塑性粒子を製造するコストが高い。
B.これら粒子をプリプレグの樹脂表面に均一に付着させるため、プリプレグの加工速度が遅くなったり、またBステージ状態のマトリックス樹脂に粒子が分散した樹脂フイルムを作製するなどの別の新たな工程が必要となる。
C.プリプレグの製造および成形条件によっては粒子はプリプレグやプリプレグの樹脂を硬化した後のFRPの層内に入り、正確に所定の粒子を層間に配置させることは困難である。
D.プリプレグを使用してのオートクレーブ成形は、タックのあるプリプレグを使うから、プリプレグとプリプレグの間の空気を脱泡しながらの積層が必要であり、また所定の構造材の厚みにするには薄いプリプレグを何層も積層することが必要となり手間がかかる。
(a)不織布を形成する短繊維が炭素繊維基材に貫通することにより炭素繊維基材と不織布が一体化されている
(b)不織布が炭素繊維基材と粘着剤によって一体化されている
(c)不織布を構成する繊維のうち5〜50重量%が低融点繊維であり、炭素繊維基材と不織布が熱融着により一体化されている
Σi(Mi/Mi1)<1 または 1<Σi(Mi/Mi2) 好ましくない範囲
Σi:添え字iのついた要素について合計を計算する。
Mi1:i番目の一体化手段の好ましい範囲の下限値
Mi2:i番目の一体化手段の好ましい範囲の上限値。
また、バー23にかかる力をバー24に伝えることができるから真空圧力をプリフォームに伝えることができるのである。媒体の具体的なものとしては、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリエステル、ポリ塩化ビニルや金属などからなるメッシュ状のシートが用いられる。たとえば、メッシュ状樹脂フイルム、織物、網状物や編物などであり、必要に応じてこれらを数枚重ねて使用することができる。
炭素繊維基材として、繊度8000デシテックス、引張強度4800MPa、弾性率230GPa、破断伸度2.1%、フィラメント数12,000本の扁平状の炭素繊維糸を経糸、および緯糸に用い、経糸および緯糸の密度が1.25本/cm、織物目付200g/m2の二方向織物を用いた。
Cf=〔(S1−S2)/S1〕×100
から算出した。同様のことを、同じ織物について10カ所行い、その単純平均値をもってここでいうカバーファクターとした。また、CCDカメラおよび画像処理装置として、株式会社ピアス社製パーソナル画像解析システムLA−525を使用した。画像解析の範囲は、横方向は、最も左に写っている経糸の左端から最も右に写っている経糸の左端までとし、縦方向は、最も上に写っている緯糸の上端から最も下に写っている緯糸の上端までとし、この範囲に経糸および緯糸がそれぞれ2〜20本入るようにした。なお、デジタルデータには、織糸部分(黒い部分)と織目部分(白い部分)との境界に黒と白との中間部分が含まれる。この中間部分を織糸部分と織目部分とに区別するため、モデル的に、透明な紙に幅6mmの黒いテープを6mm間隔で縦横に格子状に貼り付け、カバーファクターが75%になるように規格化した。すなわち、CCDカメラの絞りを2.8に設定し、画像解析システムLA−525のメモリ値が128以下の部分を織糸部分として規格化した(このシステムでは、白黒の明暗が0〜255段階のメモリ値として記憶される)。
ここで、不織布の真の体積とは、不織布の単位面積当たりの重量/繊維比重、見掛け体積とは、不織布の厚み×単位面積である。不織布の単位面積当たりの重量は、不織布を1m×1mにカットし、研精工業株式会社製の化学天秤にて測定し、繊維比重はナイロンの比重を用いて算出した。また、不織布の厚みは、株式会社東洋精機製作所製のデジタル定圧厚さ測定器を用い、JIS L 1098に準じ、23.5kPaの圧力下で測定した。
ことが分かった。
不織布を一体化せず、炭素繊維のみを用いた以外は実施例1と同じ方法で基材を作成し、試験した結果を表1にまとめた。
不織布として、融点が260℃の高融点ナイロン100%からなる、目付が8g/m2のスパンボンドタイプ不織布を用い、ニードルパンチを掛けなかった以外は実施例1と同じ方法で複合基材を作成し評価した結果を表1に示した。
不織布として、融点が260℃の高融点ナイロン100%からなる、目付が48g/m2の高目付のスパンボンドタイプ不織布を用い、実施例1と同じ炭素繊維基材とニードルパンチを掛けて一体化した基材を用い、以下実施例1と同じ方法で硬化板を作成、評価した結果を表1にまとめた。
実施例1に用いた炭素繊維基材ならびに不織布を用い、ニードルパンチで一体化した後、ホットローラで不織布に含まれる低融点ナイロンの融点以上の温度に加熱・圧着させた一体化基材とし、以下実施例1と同じ方法で評価し、結果を表1にまとめた。炭素繊維基材と不織布がニードルパンチならびに熱接着で一体化されているので取扱い性が優れていた。
実施例1に用いた炭素繊維基材と、不織布として融点が260℃の高融点ナイロン100%からなる、目付が8g/m2のスパンボンドタイプ不織布を用い、硬化剤を含まない、粘度が1.2poiscのエポキシ樹脂からなる粘着剤を2g/m2 炭素繊維基材の片面に塗布し、不織布と接着させて一体化させた。以下実施例1と同じ方法で評価し、結果を表1にまとめた。
不織布として融点が約140℃のナイロンからなる目付が10g/m2のメルトブロー長繊維不織布を用い、実施例1で用いたのと同じ炭素繊維基材とホットローラによる加熱・圧着で接着させ、一体化基材とした。実施例1と同じ方法でコンポジット特性の評価を行い、結果を表1にまとめた。
実施例4
炭素繊維基材として、経糸に繊度8000デシテックス、引張強度4800MPa、弾性率230GPa、破断伸度2.1%、フィラメント数12,000本、糸幅6.5mmの扁平状の炭素繊維糸を、緯糸に繊度が225デシテックスのガラス繊維糸を使用し、経糸の密度が3.75本/cm、緯糸の密度が3.0本/cm、炭素繊維糸の目付が300g/m2、カバーファクターが99.7%の一方向織物を用いた。
実施例4と比較する目的で、不織布を一体化せず、炭素繊維のみを用いた以外は実施例4と同じ方法で一体化基材を作成し、評価を行い、結果を表2にまとめた。
不織布として、実施例3に用いた融点が260℃の高融点ナイロン繊維100%からなる、目付が8g/m2のスパンボンドタイプ不織布を用い、炭素繊維基材に一体化せず、単に合わせた状態でコンポジットの作成、評価を行い、その結果を表2に示した。
実施例4と同様にニードルパンチで一体化した後にホットローラで加熱・圧着させた以外は実施例4と同じ方法で評価した結果を表2にまとめた。
実施例4で用いた炭素繊維基材に、実施例3で用いた粘着剤を3g/m2塗布し、融点が260℃の高融点ナイロン繊維100%からなる、目付が8g/m2のスパンボンドタイプの不織布を接着させて一体化し、実施例4と同様の方法で硬化板の作成、評価を行った。結果を表2にまとめた。
不織布として比較例3で用いた、融点が約140℃のナイロンからなる目付が10g/m2のメルトブロー長繊維不織布を用い、実施例4に用いた炭素繊維基材と合わせてホットローラによる加熱・圧着で接着させて一体化基材とし、実施例4と同じ方法でコンポジット特性の評価を行い、結果を表2にまとめた。
2:炭素繊維基材
3:不織布
4:炭素繊維糸条
5:よこ方向補助糸
6:たて方向補助糸
7:緯糸 8:0°方向に配向した炭素繊維糸条
9:90°方向に配向した炭素繊維糸条
10:−45°方向に配向した炭素繊維糸条
11:+45°方向に配向した炭素繊維糸条
12:ステッチ糸
13:不織布の繊維
14:型
15:バルブ
16:ピールプライ
17:媒体
18:吸引口
19:エッジ・ブリーザ
20:バッグフイルム
21:シール材
22:吐出口
23:バー(A群)
24:バー(B群)
25:芯鞘型繊維
26:芯鞘型繊維の鞘部
27:芯鞘型繊維の芯部
Claims (13)
- 炭素繊維基材と有機繊維からなる不織布とが交互になるように多数枚積層され、該炭素繊維基材からなる層の間に、該有機繊維からなるインターリーフ層が形成されるように構成された炭素繊維強化プラスチック用のプリフォームにおいて、前記炭素繊維基材は、炭素繊維からなる目付が100〜2000g/m2のシート状であって、該基材の長さ方向に炭素繊維糸条が配列し、幅方向に該炭素繊維糸条より細い補助糸が配列し、織組織している、炭素繊維糸条と炭素繊維糸条の間に0.1〜5mmの隙間を設けて、該炭素繊維糸条が長さ方向に配列した一方向織物である炭素繊維基材であり、その少なくとも片面に積層された前記不織布は、目付が5〜30g/m2の有機繊維の短繊維もしくは目付が5〜8g/m2の有機繊維の連続繊維からなるものであるとともに、前記炭素繊維基材と、その少なくとも片面に積層された前記不織布とが、少なくとも下記の(a)ないし(c)のいずれかの手段により一体化されていることを特徴とするプリフォーム。
(a)不織布を形成する短繊維が炭素繊維基材に貫通することにより炭素繊維基材と不織布が一体化されている
(b)不織布が炭素繊維基材と粘着剤によって一体化されている
(c)不織布を構成する繊維のうち5〜50重量%が低融点繊維であり、炭素繊維基材と不織布が熱融着により一体化されている
- 前記炭素繊維基材における炭素繊維糸条の繊度が550〜270000デシテックスであって、かつ該炭素繊維糸条1本あたりのフィラメント数が1000〜400000本である、請求項1に記載のプリフォーム。
- 前記炭素繊維基材における炭素繊維糸条の繊度が550〜23000デシテックスである、請求項1に記載のプリフォーム。
- 前記一方向織物のカバーファクターが95%以上である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のプリフォーム。
- 前記不織布に低融点の熱可塑性ポリマーからなる低融点繊維が含まれている、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のプリフォーム。
- 前記不織布に芯鞘型繊維が含まれており、該芯鞘型繊維において芯部の占める割合が、芯鞘型繊維断面積の30から70%である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のプリフォーム。
- 前記芯鞘型繊維は芯部がナイロン6またはナイロン66であり、鞘部が共重合ナイロンである、請求項6に記載のプリフォーム。
- 前記不織布において、空隙部の占める割合が不織布全体の面積の30%〜95%である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のプリフォーム。
- 粘着剤の使用量が1〜10g/m2である、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載のプリフォーム。
- プリフォームが、前記不織布に含まれる低融点繊維の融着により一体化されている、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載のプリフォーム。
- プリフォームが、前記粘着剤により一体化されている、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載のプリフォーム。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のプリフォームをバッグフイルムで覆い、内部を真空状態にして樹脂を注入し、プリフォームに樹脂を含浸させた後、樹脂を硬化させることを特徴とする炭素繊維強化プラスチックの製造方法。
- 雄型と雌型によって形成されるキャビティのなかに、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のプリフォームを設置し、キャビティ内を真空状態にして樹脂を注入し、プリフォームに樹脂を含浸させた後、樹脂を硬化させることを特徴とする炭素繊維強化プラスチックの製造方法。
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AT524873B1 (de) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-10-15 | Peak Tech Gmbh | Umwicklung aus einem Faserverbundkunststoff für einen Raumfahrtbehältermantel |
WO2023067282A1 (fr) | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-27 | Hexcel Reinforcements | Materiau de renfort comprenant une couche poreuse en un polymere thermoplastique reactif et procedes associes |
FR3128399A1 (fr) | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-28 | Hexcel Reinforcements | Procédé de fabrication de pièces composites à partir d’un matériau de renfort comprenant une couche poreuse en un polymère thermoplastique réactif et d’une résine thermodurcissable |
FR3128398B1 (fr) | 2021-10-21 | 2024-01-26 | Hexcel Reinforcements | Matériau de renfort comprenant une couche poreuse en un polymère thermoplastique réactif et procédés associés |
WO2023095787A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 東レ株式会社 | 多孔質体 |
WO2023195383A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-10-12 | 東レ株式会社 | 炭素繊維複合材料 |
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-
2000
- 2000-02-22 AU AU25764/00A patent/AU760808B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-02-22 US US09/700,084 patent/US6995099B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-22 CA CA 2333151 patent/CA2333151C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-22 WO PCT/JP2000/000989 patent/WO2000056539A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2000-02-22 JP JP2000606420A patent/JP4491968B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-22 EP EP20000904083 patent/EP1125728B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (1)
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US11667102B2 (en) | 2019-08-02 | 2023-06-06 | Subaru Corporation | Preform and method of manufacturing fiber-reinforced resin composite material |
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AU760808B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 |
EP1125728B1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
CA2333151A1 (en) | 2000-09-28 |
CA2333151C (en) | 2009-08-18 |
EP1125728A4 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
US6995099B1 (en) | 2006-02-07 |
JP4491968B2 (ja) | 2010-06-30 |
JP2010155460A (ja) | 2010-07-15 |
AU2576400A (en) | 2000-10-09 |
EP1125728A1 (en) | 2001-08-22 |
WO2000056539A1 (fr) | 2000-09-28 |
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