CN1258530C - 西酞普兰的晶体碱 - Google Patents
西酞普兰的晶体碱 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1258530C CN1258530C CNB018093418A CN01809341A CN1258530C CN 1258530 C CN1258530 C CN 1258530C CN B018093418 A CNB018093418 A CN B018093418A CN 01809341 A CN01809341 A CN 01809341A CN 1258530 C CN1258530 C CN 1258530C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- citalopram
- alkali
- salt
- crude mixture
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-HXUWFJFHSA-N (R)-citalopram Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C3=CC=C(C=C3CO2)C#N)CCCN(C)C)=CC=C(F)C=C1 WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 229960001653 citalopram Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 vitriol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound O1CC2=CC(C#N)=CC=C2C1(CCCN(C)C)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carbonitrile Chemical group C1=C(C#N)C=C2OC(F)(F)OC2=C1 VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical group CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) cyanide Chemical compound [Cu+].N#[C-] DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=COC=C21 UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001430 anti-depressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007891 compressed tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011172 small scale experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LQIAZOCLNBBZQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,2-Diphosphanylethyl)pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound PCC(P)N1CCCC1=O LQIAZOCLNBBZQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920003085 Kollidon® CL Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003083 Kollidon® VA64 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYNHCENRCUAUNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen mustard N-oxide hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.ClCC[N+]([O-])(C)CCCl SYNHCENRCUAUNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- WRJWRGBVPUUDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonyl isocyanate Chemical compound ClS(=O)(=O)N=C=O WRJWRGBVPUUDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006193 diazotization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012155 injection solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007909 melt granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomethyl Chemical compound O=[CH] CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093429 polyethylene glycol 6000 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008174 sterile solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/87—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/34—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
- A61K31/343—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide condensed with a carbocyclic ring, e.g. coumaran, bufuralol, befunolol, clobenfurol, amiodarone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明涉及众所周知的抗抑郁药西酞普兰,即1-[3-(二甲基氨基)丙基]-1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃腈的晶体碱,涉及所述碱的制剂,涉及一种采用所述碱制备西酞普兰的纯化盐(如氢溴酸盐)的方法,涉及通过所述方法获得的盐以及含有这种盐的制剂。
Description
本发明涉及众所周知的抗抑郁药西酞普兰,即1-[3-(二甲基氨基)丙基]-1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃腈的晶体碱,涉及所述碱的制剂,涉及一种采用所述碱制备西酞普兰的纯化盐(如氢溴酸盐)的方法,涉及通过所述方法获得的盐以及含有这种盐的制剂。
本发明背景
西酞普兰是一种众所周知的、已经面市几年并具有如下结构的抗抑郁药物:
它是一种选择性的、中枢作用的5-羟色胺(5-羟基色胺;5-HT)再摄取抑制剂,因此具有抗抑郁活性。在一些刊物,如J.Hyttel Prog.Neuro-Psychopharmacol.& Biol.Psychiat.1982年,6卷,277-295页和A.Gravem Acta Psychiatr.Scand,1987年,75卷,478-486页中已经报道过这种化合物的抗抑郁活性。人们还公开了这种化合物在治疗痴呆和脑血管疾病的效果,参见EP-A-474580。
西酞普兰最早公开在对应于US4,136,193的DE2,657,013。该专利公开描述了通过一种方法制备西酞普兰,并提出可用于制备西酞普兰的另一种方法。将所制备的西酞普兰分别以草酸盐、氢溴酸盐和氢氯酸盐的形式分离出来。此外,还以油的形式(B.P.175C/0.03mmHg)得到西酞普兰碱。西酞普兰分别以氢溴酸盐和氢氯酸盐的形式面市。
人们已公开了众多制备西酞普兰的方法。在许多这些方法中,最后的步骤为将西酞普兰直接类似物上位置5处的非氰基转化为5-氰基。因此通过以下各种方法制备西酞普兰:
用氰基交换5-卤素或5-CF3-(CF2)n-SO2-O-(DE2,657,013及同时待审的WO0011926和WO0013648);
将5-酰胺基或5-酯基转化为5-氰基(WO9819513);
将5-氨基转化为5-氰基(WO9819512);
将5-甲酰基转化为5-氰基(WO9900548);
将5-噁唑啉基或5-噻唑啉基转化为5-氰基(WO0023431)。
其他制备西酞普兰的方法包括采用5-氰基交换溴化1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃的5-溴基,接着用3-(N,N-二甲基氨基)丙基-卤化物进行烷基化作用(DE2,657,013和WO9819511)。
上述中的许多方法的缺点是很难从最终产品中分离出工艺期间形成的中间产物(上述的各种中间产物或较早的中间产物),因此为了得到所需质量的最终产品,需要大量涉及导致西酞普兰损失的纯化程序。
我们已发现可以获得相当好而又纯净的结晶西酞普兰碱的产品,该产品既容易处理,又可方便地配制成片剂和其他药物形式。此外,我们还惊奇地发现,在西酞普兰生产期间(如氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐的生产),通过使所述碱结晶,然后任选从所述碱中形成盐可以实现对西酞普兰相当好且有效的纯化。
该纯化工艺特别可用于除去在结构上接近西酞普兰的各种中间产物,特别是仅在异苯并呋喃环上位置5处的取代基与西酞普兰不同的化合物,以及物理/化学性能接近西酞普兰的中间产物,如在异苯并呋喃环上位置5处具有卤素(特别是溴和氯)、酰胺或酯的1-[3-(二甲基氨基)丙基]-1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃,或溴化1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃,或氯化1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃。
发明概述
本发明提供下式化合物的晶体碱:
在第二方面,本发明提供一种生产西酞普兰盐的方法,这种西酞普兰盐优选为氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐,其中西酞普兰的游离碱以晶体的形式沉淀,任选重结晶一次或一次以上,然后转换成药学上可接受的西酞普兰盐。
在另一方面,本发明涉及纯结晶盐,优选通过本发明方法制备的氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐。
具体而言,本发明涉及一种生产西酞普兰盐的方法,其特征在于使西酞普兰碱游离并以结晶形式沉淀,任选重结晶一次或一次以上,然后再转换成其盐的形式。
具体而言,本发明涉及一种生产西酞普兰盐的方法,其特征在于使西酞普兰碱从西酞普兰的粗制盐或粗制混合物中游离出来。
更具体而言,本发明涉及一种生产西酞普兰碱或西酞普兰盐的方法,其特征在于通过以结晶的形式沉淀西酞普兰碱,任选使所述碱重结晶一次或一次以上,和/或将所述碱转换成其盐的形式,从而将一种或一种以上的下式的杂质从西酞普兰的粗制混合物或从西酞普兰的粗制盐中去除:
式中,Z为卤素、-O-SO2-(CF2)n-CF3(其中n为0-8)、-CHO、-NHR1、-COOR2、-CONR2R3(其中R2和R3选自氢、烷基、任选取代的芳基或芳烷基,R1为氢或烷基羰基)。
可通过使式II的化合物与氰化物源进行氰化物交换反应,或通过使1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃卤化物(特别是溴化物)进行氰化物交换反应,接着采用3-(N,N-二甲基氨基)丙基-卤化物进行烷基化反应来制备含有作为杂质的式II的化合物的西酞普兰粗制混合物。
在本发明的一个具体实施方案中,Z为卤素,具体为溴或氯。
在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方案中,所制备的盐为西酞普兰的氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐。
所述粗制盐可以是任何适宜的盐,如氢溴酸盐、氢氯酸盐、硫酸盐、草酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐或任何其他适宜的盐。其他的盐为有机酸的盐。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述粗制盐为硫酸盐、氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐。
本发明还涉及通过本发明的方法所制备的西酞普兰的氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐。具体而言,本发明涉及纯度超过99.8%重量、优选超过99.9%重量的西酞普兰氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐。
在另一方面,本发明提供西酞普兰游离碱的药物制剂,或从所述碱所制备的氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐的药物制剂。优选所述制剂用于口服给药。
可通过直接压制西酞普兰与常规的辅剂或稀释剂的混合物来制备本发明的制剂。或者,可用西酞普兰的湿粒料或熔融粒料,任选与常规的辅剂或稀释剂的混合物来压制片剂。
具体而言,本发明的药物组合物含有西酞普兰碱、西酞普兰氢氯酸盐或西酞普兰氢溴酸盐的外消旋混合物。
西酞普兰的结晶碱的纯度优选超过99.8%重量、最优选纯度超过99.9%重量(峰面积)。其熔点范围优选为90-93℃,最优选为91-92℃(DSC;开始,敞开胶囊),或为92-94℃,优选为92.5-93.5℃(DSC;开始,密闭胶囊)。西酞普兰的晶体碱优选为外消旋的形式。
术语“粗制盐”和“粗制混合物”分别指的是包含必须去除或需要去除的杂质,具体为式II的杂质的盐和混合物。
所述粗制盐可以是直接从反应混合物中分离出来的盐,或粗制的反应混合物可以经过一些初始的纯化,如一次重结晶,和/或采用活性炭或硅胶进行处理,所形成的盐随后采用本领域中已知的方法,用酸进行处理。所述盐可通过沉淀而分离出来,或所述盐可存在于溶剂中,如存在于直接从合成所述盐所得的混合物中。
类似地,包含西酞普兰的粗制混合物可根据任何上述方法直接从所述化合物的合成中获得,或可经过一些初始或同时的纯化,如一次重结晶,采用活性炭或硅胶进行处理。
通过将粗制盐溶解于水与有机溶剂的混合物中,然后加入碱,可使西酞普兰的碱从所述粗制盐中游离出来。所述有机溶剂可以是甲苯、乙酸乙酯或任何其他适宜的溶剂,所述碱可以是任何适宜的碱,优选为NaOH或NH3。类似地,如果需要的话,通过采用碱进行处理可使西酞普兰的碱从含有西酞普兰的粗制混合物中游离出来。
在所述碱以晶体形式沉淀出来之前,可以使含有西酞普兰碱的粗制混合物经受进一步的纯化及萃取。可如下分离西酞普兰的碱:分离有机相,将溶剂蒸发以便得到所述碱(其形式最可能为油物状),然后从非质子溶剂(如烷,包括正-庚烷,己烷和异辛烷,以及高沸和低沸石油醚,和取代的芳族化合物,包括甲苯和二甲苯)中结晶出所述碱。结晶的西酞普兰碱可从相同的溶剂中进行重结晶。
通过本领域已知的各种方法可以制备药学上可接受的西酞普兰盐,如氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐。因此,可使所述碱在水混溶性溶剂(如丙酮或乙醇)中与计算量的酸进行反应,随后通过浓缩及冷却分离出所述盐,或在水不混溶性溶剂(如乙醚、乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷)中与过量的酸进行反应,使所述盐自动地分离出来。通过本发明的方法获得的西酞普兰的氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐具有很高的纯度,优选纯度超过99.8%,最优选超过99.9%。通过这种方法也可以得到相当纯的西酞普兰的其他盐,如草酸盐。
上述氰化物交换反应可如上述的专利申请中所述的那样进行。
具体而言,当Z为卤素或-CF3-(CF2)n-SO2-O-(其中n为0-8的整数,包括0和8)时,转化为氰基的反应可如下进行:与氰化物源(如KCN、NaCN、CuCN、Zn(CN)2或(R4)4NCN,其中R4指的是可以相同,也可以不同的四个基团,它们选自氢和线形或支化的烷基)在钯催化剂和催化量的Cu+或Zn2+的存在下进行反应,或在钯催化剂的存在下与Zn(CN)2进行反应。
氰化物源的使用量为化学计算量或过量,优选为原材料初始当量的1-2个当量。R4N+可方便地为(Bu)4N+。所述氰化物化合物优选为NaCN、KCN或Zn(CN)2。
所述钯催化剂可以是任何适宜的含有Pd(O)或Pd(II)的催化剂,如Pd(PPh3)4、Pd2(dba)3、Pd(PPh)2Cl2等。所述Pd催化剂的适宜使用量为1-10%摩尔、优选2-6%摩尔、最优选约4-5%摩尔。
Cu+或Zn2+的催化量分别指亚化学计算量,如0.1-5%优选1-3%。适宜地,每当量的Pd使用约1/2当量。可以使用任何适宜的Cu+和Zn++源。Cu+优选以CuI的形式使用,Zn2+适宜以Zn(CN)2盐的形式使用。
当Z为Br或I时,通过与Cu(CN)反应,不需催化剂也可以进行转化为氰基的反应。在一个优选的实施方案中,所述反应在高温下进行。
在本发明的另一个方面,所述反应在通式为(R5)4N+X-(其中R5为烷基,或两个R5基团一起形成环,而X-为抗衡离子)的离子液体中进行。在本发明的一个实施方案中,(R5)4N+X-代表:
在另一个具体的方面中,所述反应采用非极性溶剂(如苯、二甲苯或1,3,5-三甲基苯),在微波(采用由Prolabo提供的Synthewave1000TM)作用下进行。在一个具体的方面中,所述反应无须加入溶剂即可进行。
温度范围取决于反应类型。如果不存在催化剂,则优选的温度范围为100-200℃。然而,当所述反应在微波作用下进行时,反应混合物的温度可提高至300℃以上。更优选的温度范围为120-170℃。最优选的范围为130-150℃。如果存在催化剂,则优选的温度范围为0-100℃。更优选的温度范围为40-90℃。最优选的温度范围为60-90℃。
其他的反应条件、溶剂等为用于这种反应的各种常规条件及溶剂,本领域的技术人员可以很容易地确定这些条件。
当Z为Cl或Br时,转化为氰基的反应可如下进行:与氰化物源(如KCN、NaCN、CuCN、Zn(CN)2或(R4)4NCN,其中(R4)4指的是可以相同,也可以不同的四个基团,并且选自氢和线形或支化的烷基)在镍催化剂的存在下进行反应。
所述镍催化剂可以是任何适宜的起催化剂作用的含有Ni(O)或Ni(II)的络合物,如Ni(PPh3)3、(σ-芳基)-Ni(PPh3)2Cl等。所述镍催化剂及其制备方法见述于WO96/11906、EP-A-613720或EP-A-384392中。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述反应在催化量的Cu+或Zn2+的存在下进行。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中,在进行氰化反应前,通过在过量的络合物配体(优选为三苯膦)的存在下由金属(如锌、镁或锰)对镍(II)前体(如NiCl2或NiBr2)进行还原可以原位制备镍(O)络合物。
所述Ni催化剂的适宜使用量为0.5-10%摩尔、优选为2-6%摩尔、最优选为约4-5%摩尔。
Cu+和Zn2+的催化量分别指亚化学计算量,如0.1-5%,优选为1-3%。可以使用任何适宜的Cu+和Zn2+源。Cu+优选以CuI的形式使用,Zn2+适宜以Zn(CN)2盐的形式使用或通过采用锌还原镍(II)化合物原位生成。
Ni催化剂,即Ni(O)、Pd(O)或Pd(II)催化剂如Sakakibara等人在Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.,61卷,1985-1990页(1988年)中所述。优选的催化剂为Ni(PPh3)3或Pd(PPh3)4或Pd(PPh)2Cl2。
如Sakakibara等人在Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.,61卷,1985-1990页(1988年)中所述,所述反应可以在任何适宜的溶剂中进行。优选的溶剂为乙腈、乙酸乙酯、THF、DMF或NMP。
当Z为CHO时,转化为氰基可如下实现:通过与试剂R6-V-NH2(其中R6为氢,任选取代的烷基、芳基或杂芳基,V为O、N或S)反应将甲酰基转化为肟或类似的基团,然后用常见的脱水剂(如亚硫酰氯、乙酸酐/吡啶、吡啶/HCl或五氯化磷)进行脱水。优选的试剂为R6-V-NH2为羟基胺和其中R6为烷基或芳基以及V为N或O的化合物。
当Z为-COOH时,可通过相应的酰基氯、酯或酰胺实现转化为氰基的反应。
通过用纯净的POCl3、PCl5或SOCl2或在适宜的溶剂(如甲苯或包含催化量的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的甲苯)中用这些物质处理所述酸可方便地获得所述酰基氯。在酸,优选为无机酸或路易斯酸(如HCl、H2SO4、POCl3、PCl5或SOCl2)的存在下通过采用醇处理所述酸可得到所述酯。或者可通过与醇反应从所述酰基氯中得到所述酯。然后通过采用氨或烷基胺(优选为叔-丁基胺)进行氨基化作用将所述酯或酰基氯转化为酰胺。
在加压及加热的条件下通过使所述酯与氨或烷基胺反应也可实现成为酰胺的转化。
然后通过脱水将所述酰胺基转化为氰基。脱水剂可以是任何适宜的脱水剂,本领域的技术人员可容易地确定最佳脱水剂。适宜脱水剂的例子有SOCl2、POCl3和PCl5,优选为SOCl2。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中,在POCl3的存在下使羧酸与醇(优选为乙醇)进行反应以便得到相应的酯,然后所述酯与氨进行反应籍此得到相应的酰胺,在包含催化量的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的甲苯中所述酰胺接着与SOCl2进行反应。
或者,为了形成所述腈可使其中Z为-COOH的化合物与氯磺酰异氰酸酯进行反应,或采用脱水剂和氨磺酰进行处理。
当Z为-NHR1(其中R1为氢)时,优选先通过重氮化作用,再与CN-进行反应完成转化为氰基。最优选使用NaNO2和CuCN和/或NaCN。当R1为烷基羰基时,使所述化合物首先进行水解,由此得到其中R1为H的相应化合物,这种转化如上所述。所述水解可在酸性或碱性环境下进行。
可如DE2,657,013、WO0011926和WO0013648、WO9819513、WO9819512和WO9900548中所述制备式(II)的化合物。
贯穿本说明书与权利要求书,卤素都是指氯基、溴基或碘基。
术语“烷基”指的是支化或未被支化的烷基,如甲基、乙基、1-丙基、2-丙基、1-丁基、2-丁基、2-甲基-2-丙基和2-甲基-1-丙基。
术语“芳基”指的是碳环芳族基团,特别是苯基。术语“芳烷基”指的是芳基烷基基团,其中芳基和烷基如上所定义。所述芳基和芳烷基可任选被例如烷基所取代,形成例如甲苯基。
本发明的药物组合物可以任何适宜的方式及以任何适宜的形式给服,如以片剂、胶囊剂、粉末剂或糖浆剂的形式口服,或以注射常用的无菌溶液的形式进行非肠道给药。优选本发明的药物组合物采用口服给药。
通过本领域中的各种常规方法可制备本发明的药物制剂。例如,将活性成分与常见的各种辅剂和/或稀释剂混合,随后在常规的压片机中压制所述混合物可制备片剂。辅剂或稀释剂的例子包括如下:玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、滑石、硬脂酸镁、明胶、乳糖、树胶等。可以使用任何其他的辅剂或添加剂、着色剂、香料、防腐剂等,条件是它们能够与所述活性成分相配伍。
具体而言,可通过直接压制西酞普兰与常规辅剂或稀释剂的混合物来制备本发明的制剂。或者,可使用西酞普兰的湿粒料或熔融粒料,任选与常规辅剂或稀释剂的混合物来压制片剂。
用于注射的溶液可如下制备:将所述活性成分及其他可能的添加剂溶解于一部分注射溶剂(优选为无菌水)中,将所述溶液调节至所需的体积,消毒所述溶液,并将其装在适宜的安瓿或管形瓶中。可以加入本领域中常用的任何适宜添加剂,如张力剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂等。
根据本发明,我们发现西酞普兰碱是一种稳定且很白的晶体,我们还发现可以很容易地以相当纯的形式对其进行结晶。不需要进行进一步的纯化,通过从纯度最高可达95%的氢溴酸盐中结晶出来,即可获得例如纯度超过99.8%重量的西酞普兰碱。因此我们发现本发明用于制备西酞普兰盐的方法得到的盐可作为药学上可接受质量的相当纯的产品。故此在西酞普兰生产期间可以显著提高收率。
最后,我们发现可将结晶的西酞普兰碱配制成具有良好释放性能的很好并且稳定的固体制剂。
本发明通过以下实施例作进一步的说明。
实施例1
将R,S-西酞普兰以游离碱的形式结晶
1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-1-(4’-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-腈
将由溴化1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-异苯并呋喃制备的1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-1-(4’-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-腈氢溴酸盐(101克,0.25摩尔)悬浮于水(500ml)及甲苯(500ml)中。加入NaOH(60ml,5N(含水)),在相分离前将所述混合物(pH>10)搅拌15分钟。有机相用水(2×100ml)洗涤,并经助滤剂垫进行过滤。在真空中除去各种挥发性物质,得到油状的题述化合物。加入正-庚烷(400ml),将混合物加热至70℃。冷却后形成晶体。过滤出题述化合物的白色晶体,并在真空下室温干燥过夜。收率:75.4克(93%)。DSC(开始,敞开胶囊):91.3-91.8℃DSC(开始,密闭胶囊):92.8℃。纯度(>99.8%(峰面积))。
分析计算C20H21N2F1O1;C,74.04;H,6.54;N,8.64。结果发现C,74.01;H,6.49;N,8.59。1H-NMR(DMSO-d6,500MHz):1.21(1H,m),1.29(1H,m),2.02(6H,s),2.09-2.23(4H,m),5.15(1H,d J=12.5Hz),5.22(1H,d J=12.5Hz),7.16(2H,t J=8.5Hz),7.60(2H,dt J=8.5HzJ=1.2Hz),7.76(1H,d J=8.5Hz),7.79(1H,d J=8.5Hz),7.80(1H,s),13C-NMR(DMSO-d6,125MHz):21.8,38.3,45.0,58.8,71.0,90.7,110.5,115.1(dJ=22Hz),118.8,123.1,125.1,127.0(d J=8Hz),132.0,140.0(d J=3Hz),140.5,149.5,161.3(d J=245Hz)。
实施例2
a)通过加入NaOH将西酞普兰与硫酸的粗制混合物碱化,并用甲苯萃取所述西酞普兰碱。在高温下将甲苯蒸发,将所得的西酞普兰碱溶解于正-庚烷中。通过冷却沉淀出相当纯的西酞普兰游离碱。
b)通过加入NaOH将西酞普兰与硫酸的粗制混合物碱化,并用甲苯萃取所述西酞普兰碱。蒸发甲苯,将所得的西酞普兰碱溶解于甲醇中。混合物用活性炭处理并过滤,蒸发溶剂。高温下将纯化后的游离碱溶解于正-庚烷中。然后通过冷却沉淀出相当纯的西酞普兰游离碱。
c)通过加入NaOH将西酞普兰与硫酸的粗制混合物碱化,并用甲苯萃取所述西酞普兰碱。甲苯相用硅胶处理,蒸发甲苯,并在高温下将所得的西酞普兰碱溶解于正-庚烷中。然后通过冷却沉淀出相当纯的西酞普兰游离碱。
d)通过加入NaOH将西酞普兰与硫酸的粗制混合物碱化,并用甲苯萃取所述西酞普兰碱。甲苯相用硅胶处理,蒸发甲苯,将所得的西酞普兰碱溶解于甲醇中。混合物用活性炭处理并过滤,蒸发溶剂。高温下将纯化后的游离碱溶解于正-庚烷中。然后通过冷却沉淀出极纯的西酞普兰游离碱。
实施例3
湿制粒法及片剂的制备
批量大小为200g,制粒在小规模实验室高剪切混合器(Micromixer)中进行。
通过0.3mm的筛孔将西酞普兰碱过筛。以600rpm速率混合粒料内相(intragranular phase)的各种成分(表1中的1-4)。30秒内加入25ml纯净水(5),并且在3分钟的总加工时间后停止造粒。通过0.7mm的筛孔过筛湿的粒料,并在40℃下干燥30分钟至平衡相对湿度为32%。干的粒料最后经0.7mm筛孔过筛。
在Turbula混合器中使干燥后的粒料与粒料外相(extraganularphase)(6-7)混合3分钟,最后与润滑剂(8)混合30秒。
材料 | % | |
1 | 西酞普兰(碱) | 16.00 |
2 | Kollidon VA64 | 2.32 |
3 | 乳糖350筛目 | 38.98 |
4 | 玉米淀粉 | 20.00 |
5 | 纯净水 | 25 |
6 | Avicel PH 200(微晶纤维素) | 20.00 |
7 | Ac-Di-Sol(Croscarmelose钠) | 2.00 |
8 | 硬脂酸镁 | 0.7 |
表1.片剂的组成
在单穿孔压片机Korsch EK0上生产片剂。片剂的各种特性示于表2中。
参数 | 数值 |
片剂强度,mg | 20 |
片剂标称重量,mg | 125 |
片剂直径,mm | 7 |
片剂形状 | 涂膜(特殊指定) |
平均崩解时间,min | 1.77 |
平均抗碎强度,N | 69.1 |
平均片剂重量,mg | 125.4 |
RSD片剂重量,% | 0.42 |
脆性,% | 0.3 |
表2.片剂特性
所生产的片剂具有令人满意的技术性能。
实施例4
熔融制粒
批量大小为200g,通过0.3mm的筛孔将西酞普兰碱过筛。制粒在小规模实验室高剪切混合器(Micromixer)中进行。
以1200rpm的速率混合粒料内相的各种成分(表3中的1-3)。夹套温度为80℃。3.5分钟后停止制粒工艺。通过1.0mm的筛孔过筛粒料,并与粒料外相(4,5)混合3分钟,最后与润滑剂(6)混合30秒。
材料 | % | |
1 | 西酞普兰(碱) | 16.00 |
2 | 聚乙二醇6000 | 9.14 |
3 | 乳糖350筛目 | 38.98 |
4 | Avicel PH 200(微晶纤维素) | 30.00 |
5 | Kollidon CL(交联的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮) | 4.00 |
6 | 硬脂酸镁 | 0.7 |
表3.片剂组成
在单穿孔压片机Korsch EK0上生产片剂。片剂的各种特性示于表4中。
参数 | 数值 |
片剂强度,20mg | 20 |
片剂标称重量,mg | 125 |
片剂直径,mm | 7 |
片剂形状 | 涂膜(特殊指定) |
平均崩解时间,min | 1.0 |
平均抗碎强度,N | 55.5 |
平均片剂重量,mg | 125.6 |
RSD片剂重量,% | 0.5 |
脆性,% | 0.4 |
表4.片剂特性
所生产的片剂具有令人满意的技术性能。
Claims (11)
1.一种制备西酞普兰碱或西酞普兰盐的方法,包括将一种或一种以上下式(II)的杂质从西酞普兰的粗制混合物或从西酞普兰的粗制盐中去除:
式中,Z为卤素;-O-SO2-(CF2)n-CF3,其中n为0-8;-CHO;-NHR1;-COOR2;-CONR2R3;其中R2和R3选自氢、烷基、任选取代的芳基或芳烷基,R1为氢或烷基羰基,
其特征在于通过以结晶的形式沉淀西酞普兰碱,结晶所用的有机溶剂为甲苯或乙酸乙酯,任选使所述碱重结晶一次或一次以上,和/或将所述碱转化成其盐的形式。
2.权利要求1的制备西酞普兰盐的方法,其特征在于使西酞普兰碱从西酞普兰的粗制盐或粗制混合物中游离出来。
3.权利要求1的方法,其特征在于将西酞普兰碱转化为西酞普兰的氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐。
4.权利要求2的方法,其特征在于所述粗制盐为氢溴酸盐、氢氯酸盐、硫酸盐、草酸盐、磷酸盐或硝酸盐。
5.权利要求4的方法,其特征在于所述粗制盐为硫酸盐、氢溴酸盐或氢氯酸盐。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中通过使式II的化合物与氰化物源进行氰化物交换反应制备含有式II的化合物作为杂质的西酞普兰的粗制混合物。
7.权利要求1的方法,其中Z为卤素。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中Z为溴或氯。
9.权利要求1至8中任一项的方法,其中在西酞普兰碱以结晶形式沉淀出来之前使西酞普兰的粗制混合物进行初步的纯化。
10.权利要求1至8中任一项的方法,其中在粗制盐从所述粗制混合物中形成之前使西酞普兰的粗制混合物进行初步的纯化。
11.权利要求1至8中任一项的方法,其中通过采用碱进行处理使西酞普兰碱从西酞普兰的粗制盐或粗制混合物中游离出来,任选在西酞普兰碱以结晶形式沉淀出来之前进行进一步的纯化。
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