CN103412632A - 多级电力适配器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明描述了多级电力适配器技术，其中用于设备的电力适配器被配置成在相对较低的电力供给与相对较高的电力供给之间选择性地切换。在将适配器初始连接到主机设备时可以采用低电力供给，以便确保适配器在连接断开时是安全的并且在设备准备好接收高电力供给之前不会供给全部电力。低电力供给可以为主机设备供给足以检测适配器的连接并且建立与适配器的初始通信的电力。随后响应于来自主机设备的表明主机设备已为高电力供给做好准备的通知，可以由适配器切换到高电力供给。通过切换到高电力供给允许主机设备的正常操作。
Description
相关申请
本申请在35 U.S.C §119(e)下要求下列美国临时专利申请的优先权，这些申请当中的每一篇的全部公开内容被全文合并以作参考：
美国临时专利申请号61/606,333，2012年3月2日提交，代理人案号为336086.01，并且其标题为“Usage and Authentication”；
美国临时专利申请号61/613,745，2012年3月21日提交，代理人案号为336086.02，并且其标题为“Usage and Authentication”；以及
美国临时专利申请号61/607,451，2012年3月6日提交，代理人案号为336143.01，并且其标题为“Spanaway Provisional”。
背景技术
已经开发出移动计算设备以便增强处在移动环境中的用户可获得的功能。举例来说，用户可以与移动电话、平板电脑或其他移动计算设备进行交互，以便查收电子邮件、浏览网页、编写文本、与应用进行交互等等。移动计算设备的开发者所面临的一项挑战在于高效的电力管理和电池使用寿命的延长。举例来说，许多移动计算设备的小外形可能不得不导致其中将电力连接的尺寸保持得相对较小的设计。相应地，开发者可能还关心的是确保为了用于这样的小外形电力连接而设计的适配器是安全的，并且为设备供给适当数量的电力。
发明内容
本发明描述了多级电力适配器技术。在一个或更多实施例中，用于设备的电力适配器被配置成在相对较低的电力供给与相对较高的电力供给之间选择性地切换。在将适配器初始连接到主机设备时可以采用低电力供给，以便确保适配器在连接断开时是安全的并且在设备准备好接收高电力供给之前不会供给全部电力。低电力供给可以为主机设备供给足以检测适配器的连接并且建立与适配器的初始通信的电力。随后响应于来自主机设备的表明主机设备已为高电力供给做好准备的通知，可以由适配器切换到高电力供给。通过切换到高电力供给允许主机设备的正常操作。
提供本概要是为了以简化形式介绍将在后面的详细描述部分中进一步描述的概念的选择。本概要不意图标识出所要求保护的主题内容的关键特征或本质特征，也不意图被用来帮助确定所要求保护的主题内容的范围。
附图说明
下面将参照附图进行详细描述。在附图中，附图标记的（多个）最左位数字标识出其中该附图标记第一次出现的附图。在说明书和附图的不同事例中使用相同的附图标记可以表明类似的或完全相同的项目。在附图中表示的实体可以表明一个或更多实体，并因此在讨论中可以可互换地提到实体的单数或复数形式。
图1是适于采用这里所描述的技术的一种示例性实现方式中的环境的图示。
图2描绘出图1的输入设备的一种示例性实现方式，同时更加详细地示出了柔性铰链。
图3所描绘出的示例性实现方式示出了图2的连接部分的透视图，其包括机械耦合突起和多个通信接触件。
图4更加详细地描绘出用于图1的计算设备的示例性电力适配器。
图5描绘出根据一个或更多实施例的一个示例性规程。
图6描绘出根据一个或更多实施例的另一个示例性规程。
图7示出了包括示例性设备的各个组件的示例性系统，所述示例性组件可以被实现为任何类型的计算设备以便实现这里所描述的技术的实施例。
具体实施方式
概述
在确保为了用于现今的主机设备的这种小外形电力连接而设计的适配器是安全的并且为设备供给适当数量的电力方面可能存在挑战。举例来说，如果暴露出的连接被用户或除相应的主机设备之外的其他物体不经意地接触，则供给恒定电力水平的传统适配器可能是危险的并且容易发生短路。
本发明描述了多级电力适配器技术，其中用于设备的电力适配器被配置成在相对较低的电力供给与相对较高的电力供给之间选择性地切换。在将适配器初始连接到主机设备时可以采用低电力供给，以便确保适配器在连接断开时是安全的并且在设备准备好接收高电力供给之前不会供给全部电力。低电力供给可以为主机设备供给足以检测适配器的连接并且建立与适配器的初始通信的电力。随后响应于来自主机设备的表明主机设备已为高电力供给做好准备的通知，可以由适配器切换到高电力供给。通过切换到高电力供给允许主机设备的“正常”操作。
在下面的讨论中，首先描述一种可以采用这里所描述的技术的示例性环境。随后描述可以在所述示例性环境以及其他环境中施行的示例性规程。因此，示例性规程的施行不限于示例性环境，并且示例性环境不限于示例性规程的施行。
示例性操作环境
图1是适于采用这里所描述的技术的一种示例性实现方式中的环境100的图示。所示出的环境100包括计算设备102的一个实例，其通过柔性铰链106物理地并且可通信地耦合到输入设备104。可以通过多种方式来配置计算设备102。举例来说，计算设备102可以被配置成用于例如移动电话之类的移动使用、如图所示的平板电脑等等。因此，计算设备102的范围可以是从具有大量存储器和处理器资源的全资源设备到具有有限的存储器和/或处理资源的低资源设备。计算设备102还可以涉及使得计算设备102施行一项或更多项操作的软件。
计算设备102例如被图示为包括输入/输出模块108。输入/输出模块108代表与计算设备102的处理输入和呈现输出有关的功能。输入/输出模块108可以处理多种不同输入，比如涉及对应于输入设备的按键的功能的输入，由显示设备110显示的虚拟键盘的按键（其用以辨识手势，并且导致施行对应于可以通过输入设备104辨识的手势的操作），以及/或者显示设备110的触摸屏功能等等。因此，输入/输出模块108可以通过辨识并利用包括按键按压、手势等输入类型之间的划分起杠杆作用而支持多种不同输入技术。
在所示出的实例中，输入设备104被配置成具有QWERTY按键设置的键盘，但是也可以设想到其他按键设置。此外还可以设想到其他非传统配置，比如游戏控制器、用以模拟乐器的配置等等。因此，输入设备104和输入设备104所合并的按键可以采取多种不同配置以支持多种不同功能。
如前所述，输入设备104在该例中通过利用柔性铰链106物理地并且可通信地耦合到计算设备102。柔性铰链106的柔性在于，通过构成铰链的材料的柔韧（例如弯曲）实现由铰链所支持的旋转移动，而不是由引脚所支持的机械旋转，尽管后一种情况的实施例也被设想到。此外，该柔性旋转可以被配置成支持在一个方向（例如图中是垂直方向）上的移动但是限制在其他方向上的移动，比如输入设备104关于计算设备102的侧向移动。这可以被用来支持输入设备104关于计算设备102的一致对准，以便例如对准被用来改变电力状态、应用状态等等的传感器。
柔性铰链106例如可以利用一个或更多织物层形成并且包括被形成为柔性迹线的导体，以便将输入设备104可通信地耦合到计算设备102并且反之亦然。该通信例如可以被用来向计算设备102传送按键按压的结果、从计算设备接收电力、施行认证、向计算设备102提供补充电力等等。可以通过多种方式来配置柔性铰链106，可以关于附图找到针对这方面的进一步讨论。
如图1中进一步示出的那样，计算设备102可以包括电力控制器112，其实现这里所描述的多级电力适配器技术的各个方面。电力控制器112代表计算设备施行用于电力管理的各种操作的功能。这可以包括管理不同的电源并且在各个电源之间进行切换，实现所定义的和/或所选择的电力管理方案，管理电池使用寿命等等。电力控制器112还可以促进与电力适配器114的连接和通信，电力适配器114被配置成通过适当的电源116（比如墙壁插座、外部电池或者其他外部电源）为设备供电。电力控制器112可以被实现为硬件、软件、固件和/或其组合。作为举例而非限制，计算设备102可以包括被配置成实现这里关于电力控制器112所描述的各种功能的微控制器或其他适当的硬件逻辑设备。附加地或替换地，可以利用设备的处理系统以及可以通过处理系统执行/操作的一个或更多程序模块来实现电力控制器112。在后面可以关于图7中描绘的示例性计算设备的讨论找到适合于电力控制器112和其他所描述的模块/功能的示例性实现方式的进一步描述。
电力适配器114可以被配置成选择性地操作在多个模式下，并且为计算设备供给多个电力水平。在特定时间供给的电力水平可以是基于输入、通知或者由电力控制器112配置并发送到电力适配器114以使得电力适配器114供给相应的电力水平的其他适当反馈。在后面的讨论中可以找到关于电力控制器112和电力适配器114的操作以便实现多级电力适配器技术的进一步细节。
图2描绘出图1的输入设备102的一种示例性实现方式200，其中更加详细地示出了柔性铰链106。在该例中，输入设备的连接部分202被显示为配置成提供输入设备104与计算设备102之间的通信和物理连接。在该例中，连接部分202的高度和剖面被配置成容纳在计算设备102的外壳上的沟槽中，但是在不背离其精神和范围的情况下也可以反转这一设置。
连接部分202通过利用柔性铰链106柔性地连接到输入设备104的包括按键的部分。因此，当把连接部分202物理地连接到计算设备时，连接部分202与柔性铰链106的组合支持输入设备104关于计算设备102的移动，其方式类似于书的书脊。
举例来说，柔性铰链106可以支持旋转移动，从而可以将输入设备104靠着计算设备102的显示设备110放置并且由此充当封面。输入设备104还可以被旋转成靠着计算设备102的背面布置，例如靠着与计算设备102上的显示设备110相反地布置的计算设备102的后壳。
当然还支持许多其他指向。举例来说，计算设备102和输入设备104可以采取如图1中所示的全部靠着一个表面放平的设置。在另一个事例中可以支持打字设置，其中将输入设备104靠着一个表面放平，并且将计算设备102布置在一定角度下以便允许观看显示设备110，这例如是通过使用布置在计算设备102的后表面上的支架而实现的。此外还设想到其他事例，比如三脚架设置、会议设置、演示设置等等。
连接部分202在该例中被显示为包括磁性耦合设备204、206、机械耦合突起208、210以及多个通信接触件212。磁性耦合设备204、206可以被配置成通过使用一个或更多磁体而磁性耦合到计算设备102的互补磁性耦合设备。这样就可以通过利用磁性吸引将输入设备104物理地固定到计算设备102。
连接部分202还包括机械耦合突起208、210以便在输入设备104与计算设备102之间形成机械物理连接。在后面的附图中更加详细地示出了机械耦合突起208、210。
图3描绘出一种示例性实现方式300，其中示出了包括机械耦合突起208、210以及多个通信接触件212的图2的连接部分202的透视图。如图所示，机械耦合突起208、210被配置成从连接部分202的一个表面延伸出来，其在本例中是垂直的，但是也设想到其他角度。
机械耦合突起208、210被配置成容纳在计算设备102的沟槽中的互补空腔内。当被如此容纳时，在所施加的力与被定义为对应于所述突起的高度和空腔的深度的轴线不对准的情况下，机械耦合突起208、210促进设备之间的机械结合。
举例来说，当所施加的力与前面描述的遵循所述突起的高度和空腔的深度的纵向轴线确实重合时，用户仅克服由磁体施加的力就将输入设备104与计算设备102分离。但是在其他角度下，机械耦合突起208、210被配置成在空腔内机械结合，从而除了磁性耦合设备204、206的磁力之外还产生抗拒从计算设备102中移除输入设备104的力。这样，机械耦合突起208、210就可以把从计算设备102中移除输入设备104倾向于模拟从书中撕去一页，并且限制针对分离设备的其他尝试。
连接部分202还被显示为包括多个通信接触件212。所述多个通信接触件212被配置成接触计算设备102的相应通信接触件，从而在设备之间形成通信耦合。可以通过多种方式来配置通信接触件212，比如通过利用多个弹簧加载的引脚形成，其被配置成提供输入设备104与计算设备102之间的坚实的通信接触。因此，所述通信接触可以被配置成在设备的微小移动或推撞期间得以保持。此外还设想了许多其他实例，其中包括将所述引脚放置在计算设备102上并且将接触件放置在输入设备104上。在至少一些实施例中，电力适配器114可以被配置成输入设备104，其可以通过之前描述的连接部分202和/或通信接触件212连接到计算设备102。附加地或替换地，电力适配器114可以采用专用于外部电力适配器并且/或者与所描述的连接部分202和/或通信接触件212分开提供的电力供给连接/适配器接口。关于后面的附图提供了有关适当的电力适配器连接和配置的附加细节。
具体来说，图4总体上在400处更加详细地描绘出示例性的电力适配器114。在所描绘的该例中，电力适配器被显示为包括电力管理器模块402，其代表用以通过各种方式管理由适配器供给的电力的功能。举例来说，电力管理器模块402可以被配置成管理与计算设备102的通信，并且相应地控制供给到计算设备的电力水平。这可以包括在至少低电力供给404与高电力供给406之间选择性地进行切换。电力管理器模块402可以利用硬件、软件、固件和/或其组合被实现为电力适配器114的组件。在一个实施例中，通过微控制器设备或者与电力适配器114集成在一起的其他适当的硬件/逻辑设备提供了关于电力管理器模块402所描述的功能。此外还设想到多种其他设置。
低电力供给404和高电力供给406代表可以被配置成从示例性电力适配器114与之相连的电源116（例如墙壁插座、电池或其他电源）向设备提供不同的所选电力水平的硬件、软件、电路和/或逻辑的任何适当组合。作为举例而非限制，电力适配器可以被配置成提供标称12伏特的电力供给，其中改变电流以便实现对应于不同电力水平的不同电力模式。为了允许低电力模式，电力管理器模块402可以把电流限制到相对较小的数值，从而使得低电力供给404在连接断开时和/或在连接器引脚被用户或物体接触时是安全的。举例来说，低电力模式下的电流可以被限制在近似20-30毫安培的范围内。该电力水平为电力管理器模块402/微控制器设备的操作提供足够的电力，并且另外在发生电力适配器的无意中的接触和/或短路的情况下也是相对安全的水平。随后，响应于来自主机设备的适当的输入/反馈，电力管理器模块402可以去除或改变所述电流极限，以便允许对应于高电力供给406的高电力模式以及主机设备的更加电力密集的操作。虽然作为举例示出了两个电力模式/水平，但是电力适配器可以被配置成提供多个（例如两个或更多）不同模式和电力水平并且在其间进行切换。因此，在一些实施例中可以获得多于两个模式/水平。
在一种方法中，低电力供给404和高电力供给406可以通过选择性地改变/切换施加在电力适配器的电力供给电路中的电阻数量来实现。在电压基本上恒定的情况下（例如近似12伏特），切换电阻会导致由电力适配器供给的电流数量的改变。对于低电力模式采用相对更高的电阻，以便将电流限制到安全的水平。电力管理器模块402随后可以操作来通过去除或减小所述电阻而将电力供给电路切换到高电力模式。电阻的改变可以通过隔离电路的一部分、转换开关以便在多个不同电路之间切换或者以其他方式控制电阻的数量而发生，以便实现多个电力模式。
如图4中进一步示出的那样，电力适配器114可以包括或者以其他方式利用连接器408，其被配置成通过相应的适配器接口410将电力适配器连接到计算设备102。连接器408和适配器接口410的连接既提供用于从适配器向设备供给电力的电力耦合，也提供用以载送适配器与设备之间的通信的通信耦合。可以通过多种方式来配置连接器408和适配器接口410，以便建立设备与适配器之间的适当连接。作为举例而非限制，图4的示例性连接器408被描绘成具有五个引脚，其通过与适配器接口410的五个相应的引脚接触而产生连接。在这种设置中，所述连接的两个引脚可以被用于正电压，另外两个引脚可以被用于电压返回，并且所述连接的剩余引脚可以建立被用来在适配器与设备之间传送通信的单引脚通信线路/信道。此外还设想到多种其他设置。
可以通过多种方式来实现电力管理器模块402，以便在计算设备102的指导下在低电力供给404与高电力供给406之间选择性地进行切换。一般来说，电力管理器模块402被配置成辨识由计算设备传送的表明设备的状态和/或应当向设备供给的相应电力水平的通知或其他适当反馈。在一种方法中，在连接到电源时电力适配器114初始地采用低电力供给404。这可以在电力适配器114与计算设备102的连接断开时发生，也可以在电力适配器114连接到计算设备102时发生。因此，可以在所选的时间供给“安全”的电力水平，其中包括当适配器未连接到适当的适配器接口410时，当初始地连接到设备时，以及/或者当设备由于其他原因没有准备好接收全部电力时（例如在从睡眠/休眠模式苏醒时、连接器松动等等）。电力管理器模块402随后可以继续利用低电力供给404操作电力适配器114，直到从设备获得表明计算设备102准备好接受高电力供给406的通知或其他适当反馈为止。
低电力供给404提供足以允许计算设备102至少辨识到电力供给的连接并且施行一些基本操作的电力，所述基本操作比如有为设备的电池充电、建立与电力适配器的通信、初始化设备、运行实现电力控制器112的功能的微控制器等等。换句话说，低电力供给404为完全设备功能的子集提供足够的电力。举例来说，低电力供给404允许计算设备的电力控制器112操作来施行电力管理任务，其中包括在适当的时间生成通知/反馈以用于传送到电力适配器114。电力控制器112可以利用相对较低的电力操作，其独立于操作主机计算设备的“主”处理系统（例如所述设备的一个或更多中央处理单元），并且/或者无需引导/执行操作系统或者使用其他设备组件和应用。换句话说，电力控制器112可以操作来施行一些电力管理任务而无需操作处理系统和其他设备组件（例如设备存储器、网络接口、显示设备等等）或者向其供给电力，并且/或者无需完全启动或唤醒计算设备。
具体来说，电力控制器112可以在用户把适配器插入或者以其他方式连接/附着到设备时以及/或者在关停、一段时间无活动之后的初始引导序列期间或者从睡眠/休眠模式苏醒时辨识出连接器408到适配器接口410的耦合。电力控制器112还可以施行一项或更多项检查以便确保计算设备对于全部电力做好准备，这可以包括测试到连接器408的连接、确定计算设备的设备状态、确保设备电池被充电到用于设备操作的阈值水平、识别适配器、验证适配器的电压输出和/或其他特性是有效的等等。基于这些和/或其他测试，电力控制器112确定计算设备是否对于高电力供给406做好准备。
当电力控制器112确定设备准备好切换到全部电力时，电力控制器112生成反馈并且通过通信信道/线路将反馈传送到电力适配器114，从而导致在电力模式之间进行切换。响应于适当的反馈，电力管理器模块402随后可以导致从低电力供给404切换到高电力供给406。高电力供给足以允许“正常”的设备操作，比如引导操作系统、运行设备的主处理系统、执行应用、建立网络连接、轮询消息/通知等等。
可以通过多种方式来配置由电力控制器112生成并传送的反馈。一般来说，电力控制器112可以生成可由电力适配器并且具体来说是可由电力管理器模块402辨识的通知或信号。举例来说，电力控制器112可以生成并发送字母数字代码、重复的信号样式、通知消息、二进制数值或者适于传达有关计算设备是否对于高电力供给406做好准备的信息的其他适当反馈。可替换地，所述反馈可以表明多个（例如两个或更多）可用水平当中的特定所选电力模式/水平。当所述反馈/样式由电力控制器112发送时，电力适配器114可以对其进行辨识并且切换到高电力供给。当所述反馈/样式缺失或结束时，电力适配器可以继续操作在低电力模式下，或者如果其当前操作在高电力模式下则切换回到低电力模式。例如如果连接器408脱离或者如果主机设备被关停，则所述反馈/样式可以终止。
在一个具体实例中，所述反馈/通知具有样式化信号的形式，其由电力控制器112产生并且经由通过将连接器408附着到适配器接口410而建立的通信耦合被传送到电力适配器114。设想到多种不同的样式化信号。所述样式化信号被配置成使用由电力管理器模块402预期到的非随机格式，并且通常会防止电力管理器模块402辨识出可能在无意中生成的随机输入。举例来说，可以将脉冲信号配置成以指定的周期性时间间隔从零变化到峰值的电压脉冲的重复样式。可以由电力控制器112采用的脉冲信号的一个适当的实例所产生的样式具有每100毫秒重复一次的持续5毫秒的3.3伏特峰值电压。当然还可以采用各种其他周期性电压样式以及其他类型的重复样式。
在考虑了前面针对示例性操作环境和设备的讨论之后，下面将讨论一些示例性规程，其中包括有关用于多级电力适配器的示例性设备技术的进一步实现方式细节。
示例性规程
下面的讨论描述了可以利用前面描述的系统和设备实现的多级电力适配器技术。每一个规程的各个方面可以用硬件、固件、软件或其组合来实现。各个规程被显示为方框集合，其表明由一个或更多设备施行的操作，并且不一定受限于针对由对应的方框施行操作而显示出的顺序。在下面的讨论的一些部分中，可能会分别提到图1的示例性操作环境100和图2-4的示例性设备。
图5描绘出其中选择性地切换由适配器供给的电力水平的示例性规程500。在至少一些实施例中，所述规程可以由适当配置的电力适配器施行，比如包括或者以其他方式利用电力管理器模块402的图4的示例性电力适配器114。
辨识出电力适配器到电源的初始连接（方框502）。举例来说，由电力适配器114实现的电力管理器模块402可以辨识出电力适配器114何时连接到电源116，比如辨识出用户何时将适配器插到墙壁插座中。电力管理器模块402可以使得电力适配器114初始地操作在低电力模式下。举例来说，电力管理器模块402可以将电力适配器114的电力供给电路设定为限制电流，这是通过如前所述地选择相对较高的电阻或者通过使用其他适当的技术选择低电力模式而实现的。
在初始连接到主机设备时供给低电力（方框504）。举例来说，用户可以将电力适配器114附着到主机设备，比如通过把连接器408插到图4中所示的示例性计算设备102的适配器接口408中。可替换地，当适配器连接到电源116时，电力适配器114可能已经附着到主机设备上。在任一种情况下，在初始连接到主机设备时，电力管理器模块402都继续将适配器操作在低电力模式下。所述连接可以建立适配器与主机设备之间的通信耦合，正如前面所描述的那样。当连接了适配器时，电力管理器模块402可以监测该通信连接，以便检测由电力控制器112生成的通知或其他反馈。
具体来说，从主机设备检测到被配置成向电力适配器表明主机设备对于高电力做好准备的通知（方框506），并且响应于检测到所述通知而向主机设备供给高电力（方框508）。可以采用任何适当的通知。举例来说，可以通过电力控制器112生成脉冲信号并且通过建立在主机设备与适配器之间的通信信道/线路来传送，正如在前面的讨论中所描述的那样。电力控制器112可以响应于确定主机设备对于高电力做好准备而生成脉冲信号。所述确定可以至少部分地基于各种测试而做出，其中包括至少确保适配器被正确地附着以及/或者适配器能够在可接受的范围内供给电力。
电力管理器模块402可以被配置成检测适当配置的通知，比如具有预期格式的脉冲信号。响应于检测到适当的通知、信号或其他反馈，电力管理器模块402可以导致从低电力模式切换到其中供给高电力的高电力模式，或者以其他方式在多个可用电力模式之间切换。如前所述，这可以涉及选择性地操作和/或切换适配器的电路，以便在不同电力模式之间转换。
图6描绘出其中由设备传送通知以使得适配器在电力供给模式之间进行切换的示例性规程600。在至少一些实施例中，所述规程可以由适当配置的计算设备施行，比如包括或者以其他方式利用电力控制器112的图4的示例性计算设备102。在低电力模式下从电力适配器获得低电力供给（方框602），并且检测电力适配器到主机设备的适配器接口的连接（方框604）。举例来说，初始地在连接到主机设备时，电力适配器可以供给低电力，正如前面所讨论的那样。电力控制器112可以被配置成在各种情形下检测适配器的连接，并且施行相应的电力管理操作。
举例来说，如果主机设备依靠内部电池电力操作，则电力控制器112在适当情况下可以发起切换到由适配器供给的电力和/或为电池充电的操作。电力控制器112还可以在从睡眠模式或休眠状态苏醒时检测到所附着的适配器。在另一种情形中，主机设备可能已经用尽了内部电池电力，并因此可能被完全关停。但是由电力适配器供给的低电力足以允许电力控制器112操作来启动以及施行指定的电力管理操作，其中包括至少控制针对前面和后面所描述的多级电力适配器技术的模式选择。在每一种所述情形中，多级电力适配器都可以操作在低电力模式下，直到电力适配器被主机设备通知切换到高电力模式并且供给高电力以用于正常设备操作为止。
具体来说，关于主机设备是否对于高电力供给做好准备做出确定（方框606）。所述确定可以由电力控制器112基于如前所述的一项或更多项测试做出。当设备准备好时，生成通知以用于传送到电力适配器从而使得电力适配器切换到高电力供给模式（方框608），并且主机设备响应于所述通知的传送从电力适配器获得高电力供给（方框610）。一般来说，电力控制器112可以在确定与适配器的连接正确以及/或者确定适配器被配置成在与主机设备相容的可接受范围内供给电力输出之后生成并传送适当的通知。
在一些实施例中，电力控制器112还可以被配置成基于通过通信耦合从适配器获得的标识数据在不同的适配器之间进行识别和区分。标识数据将适配器与特定适配器类型相关联。举例来说，电力控制器112可以获得和/或读取包括在电力适配器的电路内的标识电阻器的电阻值。标识电阻器的电阻值对于不同类型的适配器可以被设定到不同数值，从而使得电力控制器112可以识别出所附着的适配器的类型。基于该识别，电力控制器112可以辨识出各种不同适配器的能力，并且施行对应于当前连接的特定类型的适配器的电力管理操作。因此，基于各种不同检查，电力控制器112可以确定主机设备准备好从适配器接收高电力，并且用信号向适配器通知主机设备已做好准备。为此，电力控制器112生成适当的通知，其可以被配置成通知消息、二进制数值或其他代码、脉冲信号等等。
另一方面，当根据方框606确定设备没有对于高电力供给做好准备时，主机设备可以继续获得低电力供给。在一些实施例中，如果没有任何通知，则用信号通知适配器继续操作在低电力模式下或者切换到低电力模式。但是在某些情形中，电力控制器112可以生成表明不同模式的不同通知或信号，并且使得电力适配器在辨识出相应的信号时切换到所选择的特定模式。随后可以重复关于设备是否做好准备的确定，直到设备做好准备或者处理被某一其他操作中断为止，所述其他操作比如有超时、主机设备的关停、适配器的连接断开等等。
在考虑了前面的示例性规程之后，现在将考虑对于可以在一个或更多实施例中被采用来实现多级电力适配器技术的各个方面的示例性系统和设备的讨论。
示例性系统和设备
图7总体上在700处示出了包括示例性计算设备702的示例性系统，计算设备702代表可以实现这里所描述的各种技术的一种或更多种计算系统和/或设备。计算设备702例如可以通过使用其外形和尺寸可由用户的一只手或更多只手持握并携带的外壳而被配置成采取移动配置，这方面的说明性实例包括移动电话、移动游戏和音乐设备以及平板电脑，但是也设想到其他实例。
如图所示的示例性计算设备702包括彼此可通信地耦合的处理系统704、一个或更多计算机可读介质706以及一个或更多I/O接口708。虽然没有示出，但是计算设备702还可以包括将各个组件彼此耦合的系统总线或者其他数据和命令传输系统。系统总线可以包括不同总线结构当中的任一种或任意组合，比如存储器总线或存储器控制器、外围总线、通用串行总线和/或利用多种总线体系结构当中的任一种的处理器或局部总线。此外还设想到多种其他实例，比如控制和数据线路。
处理系统704代表利用硬件施行一项或更多项操作的功能。相应地，处理系统704被图示为包括硬件元件710，其可以被配置成处理器、功能块等等。这可以包括在硬件方面实现为专用集成电路或者利用一个或更多半导体形成的其他逻辑设备。硬件元件710不受限于其制作材料或者其中所采用的处理机制。举例来说，处理器可以包括（多个）半导体和/或晶体管（例如电子集成电路（IC））。在这样的情境中，处理器可执行指令可以是电子可执行指令。
计算机可读存储介质706被图示为包括存储器/存储装置712。存储器/存储装置712代表与一个或更多计算机可读介质相关联的存储器/存储装置容量。存储器/存储组件712可以包括易失性介质（例如随机存取存储器（RAM））和/或非易失性介质（例如只读存储器（ROM）、闪存、光盘、磁盘等等）。存储器/存储组件712可以包括固定介质（例如RAM、ROM、固定硬盘驱动器等等）以及可移除介质（例如闪存、可移除硬盘驱动器、光盘等等）。可以通过多种其他方式来配置计算机可读介质706，正如后面将进一步描述的那样。
（多个）输入/输出接口708代表允许用户利用各种输入/输出设备向计算设备702输入命令和信息并且还允许将信息呈现给用户和/或其他组件或设备的功能。输入设备的实例包括键盘、光标控制设备（例如鼠标）、麦克风、扫描仪、触摸功能（例如被配置成检测物理触摸的电容性传感器或其他传感器）、摄影机（其例如可以采用可见波长或例如红外频率之类的不可见波长来将移动辨识为不涉及触摸的手势）等等。输出设备的实例包括显示设备（例如监视器或投影仪）、扬声器、打印机、网卡、触感响应设备等等。因此可以通过多种方式来配置计算设备702以便支持用户交互。
计算设备702还被图示为可通信地并且物理地耦合到输入设备714，其可以物理地并且可通信地从计算设备702上移除。这样就可以将多种不同输入设备耦合到具有多种不同配置的计算设备702，从而支持多种功能。在该例中，输入设备714包括一个或更多按键716，其可以被配置成按压敏感按键、机械切换按键等等。
输入设备714还被图示为包括一个或更多模块718，其可以被配置成支持多种功能。所述一个或更多模块718例如可以被配置成处理接收自按键716的模拟和/或数字信号，以便确定是否是有意图的键击、确定输入是否表明静止压力、支持对于输入设备714的认证以便与计算设备702一起操作等等。
这里可以在软件、硬件元件或程序模块的一般情境中描述各种技术。一般来说，这样的模块包括施行特定任务或者实现特定抽象数据类型的例程、程序、对象、元件、组件、数据结构等等。这里所使用的术语“模块”、“功能”和“组件”通常表示软件、固件、硬件或其组合。这里所描述的技术的特征是独立于平台的，这意味着可以在具有多种处理器的多种商用计算平台上实现所述技术。
这里所描述的模块和技术的一种实现方式可以被存储在某种形式的计算机可读介质上或者通过某种形式的计算机可读介质来传送。计算机可读介质可以包括能够由计算设备702访问的多种介质。作为举例而非限制，计算机可读介质可以包括“计算机可读存储介质”和“计算机可读信号介质”。
与纯粹的信号传输、载波或信号本身不同，“计算机可读存储介质”可以是指允许对信息进行持久性和/或非瞬时性存储的介质和/或设备。因此，计算机可读存储介质是指非信号承载介质。计算机可读存储介质包括按照适于存储信息（比如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块、逻辑元件/电路或者其他数据）的方法或技术实现的硬件（比如易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质和/或存储设备）。计算机可读存储介质的实例可以包括（但不限于）：RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术，CD-ROM、数字通用盘（DVD）或其他光盘存储装置，硬盘、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储装置或其他磁性存储设备，或者适于存储所期望的信息并且可由计算机访问的其他存储设备、有形介质或制造品。
“计算机可读信号介质”可以是指被配置成例如通过网络向计算设备702的硬件传送指令的信号承载介质。信号介质通常可以把计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据具体实现在已调数据信号中，比如载波、数据信号或其他传输机制。信号介质还包括任何信息递送介质。术语“已调数据信号”意味着这样的信号，该信号的一项或更多项特性被设定或改变从而在所述信号中编码信息。作为举例而非限制，通信介质包括例如有线网络或直接连线连接之类的有线介质，以及例如声学、RF、红外和其他无线介质之类的无线介质。
如前所述，硬件元件710和计算机可读介质706代表以硬件形式实现的模块、可编程设备逻辑和/或固定设备逻辑，其在一些实施例中可以被采用来实现这里所描述的技术的至少一些方面，比如施行一条或更多条指令。硬件可以包括集成电路或芯片上系统的组件、专用集成电路（ASIC）、现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）、复杂可编程逻辑设备（CPLD）以及其他硅实现方式或其他硬件。在本上下文中，硬件可以操作为施行由指令定义的程序任务和/或由硬件具体实现的逻辑的处理设备，以及被利用来存储用于执行的指令的硬件（例如前面描述的计算机可读存储介质）。
还可以采用前述内容的各种组合来实现这里所描述的各种技术。因此，软件、硬件或可执行模块可以被实现为一条或更多条指令和/或具体实现在某种形式的计算机可读存储介质上的逻辑，并且/或者由一个或更多硬件元件710实现。计算设备702可以被配置成实现对应于软件和/或硬件模块的特定指令和/或功能。因此，例如通过使用计算机可读存储介质和/或处理系统704的硬件元件710，可以作为软件由计算设备702执行的模块的实现方式可以至少部分地用硬件来实现。可以通过一项或更多项制造品（例如一个或更多计算设备702和/或处理系统704）来执行/操作所述指令和/或功能以便实现这里所描述的技术、模块和实例。
结论
虽然已经用特定于结构特征和/或方法步骤的语言描述了本发明的示例性实现方式，但是应当理解的是，在所附权利要求书中限定的实现方式不一定受限于前面描述的具体特征或步骤。相反，所述具体特征和步骤是作为实现所要求保护的特征的示例性形式而公开的。
Claims (10)
1. 一种由电力适配器实现的方法，其包括：
在将电力适配器初始连接到主机计算设备时，由电力适配器在低电力模式下供给（504）低电力；
检测（506）来自主机计算设备的被配置成向电力适配器表明主机计算设备为高电力做好准备的通知；以及
响应于检测到所述通知，由电力适配器在高电力模式下向主机计算设备供给（508）高电力。
2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述通知是由主机计算设备的电力控制器生成的样式化信号。
3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述样式化信号包括电压脉冲的重复样式。
4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，供给高电力包括：通过减小施加在电力适配器的电力供给电路中的电阻的数量，使得电力适配器从低电力模式切换到高电力模式。
5. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述电力适配器被配置成输出基本上恒定的电压并且改变电流输出的数量，以便实现包括低电力模式和高电力模式在内的多个电力模式。
6. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，由电力适配器供给的低电力足以操作主机计算设备的微控制器，其被配置成响应于确定主机计算设备为高电力做好准备而生成并传送所述通知。
7. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其还包括：辨识电力适配器到电源的初始连接，并且使得电力适配器操作在低电力模式下直到检测到来自主机计算设备的通知为止。
8. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中：
所述电力适配器合并有可连接到主机计算设备的适配器接口的五引脚连接器；并且
所述五个引脚的其中之一被配置成在连接到适配器接口时形成到主机计算设备的通信耦合，所述适配器接口被采用来将所述通知从主机计算设备传送到电力适配器。
9. 一种由主机计算设备实施的方法，其包括：
在低电力供给模式下从电力适配器获得（602）低电力供给；
检测（602）电力适配器到主机计算设备的适配器接口的连接；
确定（606）主机计算设备是否为来自电力适配器的高电力做好准备；
响应于确定主机计算设备为来自电力适配器的高电力做好准备：
生成（608）用于传送到电力适配器的通知以使得电力适配器切换到高电力供给模式；以及
响应于所述通知的传送，在高电力模式下从电力适配器获得（610）高电力供给。
10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述检测和生成步骤由主机计算设备的电力控制器施行，所述电力控制器独立于主机计算设备的主处理系统操作。
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| US20130232571A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
| US8935774B2 (en) | 2015-01-13 |
| US20130232348A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
| US20130232349A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
| WO2014088612A2 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
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| US8719603B2 (en) | 2014-05-06 |
| EP2820552B1 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
| EP2820552A2 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
| US9298236B2 (en) | 2016-03-29 |
| CN103412632B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
| HK1191706A1 (zh) | 2014-08-01 |
| WO2014088612A3 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
| US8850241B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
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