CN101031329A - 注射装置 - Google Patents

注射装置 Download PDF

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CN101031329A
CN101031329A CNA2005800229185A CN200580022918A CN101031329A CN 101031329 A CN101031329 A CN 101031329A CN A2005800229185 A CNA2005800229185 A CN A2005800229185A CN 200580022918 A CN200580022918 A CN 200580022918A CN 101031329 A CN101031329 A CN 101031329A
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driving element
syringe
injection device
radius
thorax hole
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CN100534541C (zh
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奈杰尔·戴维·哈里森
罗斯玛丽·路易丝·哈贝肖
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Cilag GmbH International
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M5/2033—Spring-loaded one-shot injectors with or without automatic needle insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M2005/2006—Having specific accessories
    • A61M2005/202—Having specific accessories cocking means, e.g. to bias the main drive spring of an injector
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M2005/206—With automatic needle insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A61M2005/3261—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user triggered by radial deflection of the anchoring parts between sleeve and syringe barrel, e.g. spreading of sleeve retaining hooks having slanted surfaces by engagement with conically shaped collet of the piston rod during the last portion of the injection stroke of the plunger
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3202—Devices for protection of the needle before use, e.g. caps
    • A61M5/3204—Needle cap remover, i.e. devices to dislodge protection cover from needle or needle hub, e.g. deshielding devices

Abstract

注射器(114)容纳在外壳中，该注射器具有前端终止在皮下注射针(118)、后端终止在钟形开口(210)中的膛孔，具有由侧板(208)围绕的膛孔(206)的塞子(134a)插入到所述钟形开口中。驱动元件(134)具有由大致扁平的环形区域(200)构成的前端，该环形区域支承在塞子的侧板上并围绕容纳在塞子的膛孔(206)中的锥形中间区域(202)。致动器使驱动元件(134)行进，从而使塞子行进并通过针(118)排出注射器中的内容物。玻璃注射器后部中的开口(210)通过设置半径而形成钟形。开口处的半径和驱动元件的突出的锥形中间区域的结合允许处理在自动组装过程中两个部件之间的错位。

Description

注射装置
技术领域
本发明涉及如下类型的注射装置：其包括外壳；容纳在外壳中的注射器，所述注射器具有膛孔，在所述膛孔中插入带膛孔的排放活塞；驱动元件和致动器，致动器使驱动元件行进从而使排放活塞行进并通过排放嘴排出注射器的内容物。
背景技术
现在，几乎所有的物品都可通过机械来制造。在一些情况下，机械比手工作业更可靠，而且它们的成本更加低廉。但是，迄今为止仍然存在生产线工人的一种能力，该能力机械不能仿制，而且在很长一段时间内也不可能做到这一点。如果生产线工人将待加工的物品的一个部件掉落，他可能拾起它或者从零部件箱中另选一个。如果部件是坏损的，他可以丢弃它。如果他正在进行的组装操作很复杂，他将确保部件被正确对准并组装。他做所有这些事情是因为他能够适应不同的环境并利用他的判断。机械却不能。
在上述类型的注射装置的自动组装期间，有许多关键步骤需要精确并正确地执行。执行这些步骤中的困难可能来自元件的紧密度公差或者来自易碎元件的使用，例如玻璃皮下注射器。与本发明有关的特定组装步骤在于将驱动元件设置到注射器的膛孔中，许多困难与此相关联。首先，为了作用于注射器活塞的外径，需要驱动元件具有可紧密配合在注射器膛孔中的扁平端面。其次，该扁平端面存在驱动元件可能堵塞在注射器的末端上的风险，特别是如果在元件之间存在任何错位时。第三，如果使用自动机械组装装置，驱动元件和注射器之间的阻塞可能导致装置损坏或者甚至使注射器破裂。最后，即使是手工进行这种操作，通常也需要在无法观察的情况下完成。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种注射装置的构造，其中已经考虑了在组装过程中驱动元件和注射器膛孔之间的可能错位，不会如此容易导致驱动元件和注射器之间的阻塞。
因此，根据本发明的注射装置包括：
外壳；
容纳在外壳中的注射器，注射器具有膛孔，该膛孔的前端终止于排放嘴中并且后端终止于钟形的开口，带膛孔的排放活塞插入到所述钟形开口中；
具有前端的驱动元件，所述前端由大体扁平的边缘区域构成，适于支承在注射器的排放活塞上，并围绕适于容纳在排放活塞的膛孔中的突出的中间区域；和
致动器，用于使驱动元件行进，以便使排放活塞行进并通过排放嘴排出注射器中的内容物。
钟形开口与注射器膛孔和驱动元件的突出中间区域的结合使得与两部件的轻微错位相关的问题得以克服。这是因为突出的中间区域既可直接穿过注射器的末端，也可与向着注射器的中心对其进行导引的钟形开口接触。将力传感器连接在组装机械上，这种设置可允许进行适当地自动调节，以使两部件准直。
可选择的，而且这被认为更好，因为其不依赖于力传感器或者组装机械的其它复杂改进，任何错位都可完全自动矫正。如果注射器中的钟形开口和大致扁平的边缘和驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域的形状和尺寸设置成在注射装置组装过程中注射器与驱动元件之间的轴向错位通过如下方式矫正：第一，驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域在注射器的钟形开口处向上拱到这样一点；第二，在该点处驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域与注射器的钟形开口接触并在注射器的钟形开口处向上拱，以便在注射器膛孔中对准驱动元件，则可以实现这一目的。
开口的合适扩口量将取决于变量的数目。采取由注射器的钟形开口和穿过注射器膛孔的轴线的平面相交形成的线。优选的是，该线的曲率半径在注射器膛孔的半径的33％和100％之间。在优选实施方式中，它可具有1mm到3mm之间的曲率半径。该曲率半径可以是瞬时曲率半径；可以是平均曲率半径；还可以是最小曲率半径。
在注射器中的钟形开口和大致扁平边缘以及驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域的形状和尺寸被设计成完全矫正轴向错位的实施例中，该曲率半径优选为大于驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域的最大径向长度。如果其比驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域的最大径向长度大至少50％，可获得更好的结果。如果其大至少70％，则可获得更好的结果。
为了使所有轴向错位都被一样地处理，注射器的钟形开口优选是大体上围绕注射器膛孔的轴线的回转面。
本发明还拓展到注射装置，其包括：
外壳，其适于容纳具有膛孔的注射器，该膛孔的前端终止于排放嘴中且后端终止于钟形开口中，带膛孔的排放活塞插入所述钟形开口中；以及
适于支承在注射器的排放活塞上的驱动元件；以及
致动器，其用于使驱动元件行进，从而使排放活塞行进并通过排放嘴排出注射器中的内容物，驱动元件的前端由围绕突出的中间区域的大致扁平的边缘构成。
通常，驱动元件的前端具有在6.5mm2到110mm2范围内的横截面积，优选为27.3mm2±8％。
同样，为了使所有轴向错位都被一样处理，驱动元件的前端的横截面可以是大体上环形。在这种情况下，驱动元件的前端通常具有1.45mm到5.9mm范围内的半径，优选为2.95mm±4％。
驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域可占驱动元件的前端的总面积的25％到50％之间，优选为驱动元件的前端的总面积的37±3％。
同样地，为了使所有轴向错位都被一样处理，驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域可以是大体上环形的。优选地，大致扁平的环形区域的内径是外径的61±2％。
同样，为了使所有轴向错位都被一样处理，驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域的形状大致为圆形。出于显而易见的理由，驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域优选从大致扁平的边缘区域逐渐变细成尖头。据认为，如果驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域以35±10°之间的平均角度向着驱动元件的纵向轴线变细，可获得最好的结果。例如，驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域可以是具有65±5°的圆锥夹角(included cone angle)的大致锥形或者截锥形。
附图说明
现在将参照附图通过例子对本发明进行描述，其中：
图1显示了可应用本发明的注射装置类型的透视图；
图2显示了图1中显示的注射装置在被致动前的剖视图；
图3显示了图2的放大部分；和
图4是图1-3的驱动元件的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1显示了具有外壳112的注射装置110，所述外壳带有近端101和远端102。所有部件都是注塑成型的。外壳112具有通过外壳112突出并可通过向下按压其上表面111a而致动的触发器111。在外壳中具有设置在近端101附近的指示器开口113。
图2显示了容纳传统类型的皮下注射器114的外壳112，所述注射器包括注射器主体116，其一端终止于皮下注射针118，另一端终止于凸缘120中。通常用于手动排出注射器114中的内容物的传统活塞和塞子已经被除去并用包括塞子134a的驱动元件134代替。该驱动元件134将待注射的药物124限制在注射器主体116中。尽管所示的注射器是皮下类型，但不是必须如此。经皮或者射皮或者皮下注射器也可与本发明的注射装置一起使用。如图所示，外壳包括在此采取压缩复位弹簧126形式的返回驱动器，所述复位弹簧将注射器114从延伸位置偏压到回缩位置，在所述延伸位置针118从外壳112中的窗孔128中伸出，在所述回缩位置排放嘴118容纳在外壳112中。
外壳112包括采取圆柱形插件122形式的支撑构件，如图2所示。圆柱形插件122在其内表面上具有与复位弹簧126的一端连接的支撑表面122a。复位弹簧126的另一端借助注射器承载器127作用于注射器114。如图2所示，通过圆柱形插件122的内表面的边缘提供支撑表面122a。支撑表面122a被定位成离开外壳112的近端101、超出指示器开口113。复位弹簧126在其远离外壳112的近端101的一端上连接支撑表面122a，其另一端在支撑表面122a之外从外壳112的近端101作用在注射器承载器127上。这样，在触发注射装置110之前、期间或之后，任何时候都不能通过指示器开口113观察到围绕注射器114和注射器承载器127的复位弹簧126。圆柱形插件122在指示器开口113中形成由透明材料形成的窗口，从而可通过指示器开口113观察注射器114中的内容物。
在外壳112的另一端是前向驱动器，在此为压缩驱动弹簧130的形式。来自驱动弹簧130的驱动经多构件驱动器被传递到注射器114，使其从其回缩位置行进到其延伸位置，并通过注射针118排出其中的内容物。驱动器通过直接作用于药物124和注射器114上完成该任务。驱动元件134和注射器主体116之间的静摩擦力最初确保了它们一起行进，直到复位弹簧126降到最低点或者注射器主体116遇到阻止其运动的一些其它障碍物(未显示)。
驱动弹簧130和注射器114之间的多构件驱动器包括三个主要部件。驱动套筒113从驱动弹簧130获得驱动并将其传递到第一驱动元件132。其又将驱动借助减振液传递到第二驱动元件，该第二驱动元件134已经述及。
第一驱动元件132包括中空的杆140，其内腔形成收集室142，该收集室142与从收集室穿过杆140的末端延伸的孔144连通。第二驱动元件134包括盲膛孔146，其一端打开以容纳杆140，另一端封闭。如图所示，膛孔146和杆140限定了流体容器148，其中容纳有减振液。
当运转时触发器111用于使驱动套筒131与外壳112脱离接合，允许其在驱动弹簧130的作用下相对于外壳112运动。装置的操作如下。
最初，驱动弹簧130使驱动套筒131运动，驱动套筒131使第一驱动元件132运动，第一驱动元件132使第二驱动元件134运动，第二驱动元件134运动并借助于通过待注射的药物作用的静摩擦力和静水压力，抵抗复位弹簧126的作用使注射器主体116运动。复位弹簧126压缩，皮下注射针118从外壳112的出口孔128(未显示)显现。这一直持续到复位弹簧126降到最低点或者注射器主体116遇到阻碍其运动的其它障碍物(未显示)。由于第二驱动元件134和注射器主体116之间的静摩擦力和通过待注射的药物124起作用的静水压力不足以抵消由驱动弹簧130产生的全部驱动力，在该点第二驱动元件134开始在注射器主体116内部运动，药物124开始被排出。但是，第二驱动元件134和注射器主体116之间的动摩擦力和现在通过待注射的药物124起作用的静水压力足以将复位弹簧126保持在其压缩状态，于是皮下注射针118保持延伸。
在第二驱动元件134到达其在注射器主体116中的行程末端之前，在注射器中的内容物完全排出之前，第一驱动元件132上的突起(未显示)到达外壳112内的变窄部分137。变窄部分137使该突起向内运动，从而使第一驱动元件132不再与第二驱动元件134连接。一旦这种情况发生，第一驱动元件132不再作用于第二驱动元件134上，从而允许第一驱动元件132相对于第二驱动元件134运动。
由于减振液容纳在在第一驱动元件132的末端和第二驱动元件134中的盲膛孔146之间限定的容器148中，当第一驱动元件132受到驱动弹簧130的作用时第一驱动元件132相对于第二驱动元件134运动，容器148的容积将减小。当容器148收缩时，减振液被迫通过孔144进入收集室142中。在驱动弹簧130释放后，由驱动弹簧130施加的一部分力作用于减振液，导致其流进由孔144形成的变窄部分；剩余的力通过流体静水压力和通过第一和第二驱动元件132、134之间的摩擦力起作用，并由此经第二驱动元件134起作用。与减振液流动有关的损耗不使作用在注射器主体上的力在很大程度上衰减。因此，复位弹簧126保持被压缩，皮下注射针保持延伸。
一段时间之后，第二驱动元件134在注射器主体116中完成其行程并不再前进。在这一点，注射器114的内容物完全排出，由驱动弹簧130施加的力用于将第二驱动元件134保持在其终止位置并持续引起减振液流经孔144，允许第一驱动元件132继续其运动。
在容器148中的流体耗尽之前，不再迫使连接驱动套筒131与第一驱动元件132的柔性闩锁臂133通过第二驱动元件134上的突起133a与驱动套筒131接合。一旦这种情况发生，驱动套筒131就不再作用于第一驱动元件132上，允许它们彼此相对运动。当然，在这一点，注射器114被释放，这是因为驱动弹簧130产生的力不再被传递到注射器114，作用在注射器上的力仅仅是来自复位弹簧126的回复力。因此，注射器114现在返回到其回缩位置，注射循环完成。
当然，所有这些仅仅当盖115被从外壳112的末端除去时才发生。如图2所示，注射器114的末端由保护罩123密封。
如上所述，如图3和4所示，驱动元件134在其前端终止于环形区域200中，该环形区域200围绕终止在尖头204中的大致圆锥形中间区域202。橡胶塞134a具有其中容纳有锥形中间区域202和尖头204的中心膛孔206以及由驱动元件134的末端的环形扁平区域支撑于其上的侧板208。在这种情况下，通过在区域212设置半径，玻璃注射器后部中的开口210为钟形。该半径围绕整个注射器膛孔开口设置，由此形成回转面。
将开口210的区域212处的半径与注射器膛孔和突出的锥形中间区域202以及驱动元件的尖头204结合允许处理两个部件的错位。这是因为锥形中间区域202和尖头204或者可直接穿过注射器的开口210，或者可与向着注射器膛孔的中心导引它们的区域212处的半径接触。区域212处的半径和大致扁平的环形区域以及驱动元件134的中央锥形部分202和尖头204的形状和尺寸设置成在注射装置组装过程中注射器114与驱动元件134之间的轴向错位通过如下方式矫正：第一，驱动元件的锥形中间区域202在区域212处的半径上向上拱到这样一点；第二，在该点处，驱动元件134的大致扁平的环形区域200还与区域212处的半径接触并且在区域212处的半径上向上拱，从而使驱动元件134在注射器114的膛孔中对准。
在本发明的优选实施方式中，注射器114的膛孔内径为6.35±0.1mm。在区域212处设置的合适半径取决于变量的数目。典型的半径可在注射器膛孔半径的33％到100％之间；在该优选实施方式中，其具有在1mm到3mm之间的曲率半径。在该实施方式中，由于注射器中的钟形开口和驱动元件134的大致扁平的环形和锥形中间区域的形状和尺寸设计为完全矫正轴向错位，该曲率半径可优选大于驱动元件134的大致扁平环形区域的最大半径长度。如果其至少比驱动元件的前端的大致扁平边缘区域的最大半径长度大50％，可获得较好的结果。如果是大至少70％，将能得到更好的结果。在该实施方式中，与大约1.15mm的驱动元件134的大致扁平环形区域200的最大半径长度相比，优选半径为2mm。
驱动元件134本身在其前端具有5.9±0.22mm(即±4％)的直径，因而其横截面积为27.3mm2±8％。锥形中间部分202的基座直径为3.6mm±4％，其占驱动元件134的末端的总面积的大约63％；剩余37％由扁平环形区域200占据。驱动元件前端的锥形中间区域具有65±5°的圆锥夹角，这意味着圆锥的侧面相对于驱动元件134的纵向轴线的锥度大约为32.5°。这些不同优选尺寸和角度构成了本发明的装置，已经发现其功效极佳。
以描述的方式设置驱动元件134的形状还具有另外的优点。如果需要减小装置的剂量容积，这很容易通过在组装操作中将另外一个驱动元件插入到元件134和塞子134a之间实现。在其前端，另外的驱动元件将精确地重现驱动元件134的形状和尺寸；在其后端，其可重现塞子134a的膛孔和侧板的形状和尺寸。因此，对驱动元件134来说，另外的驱动元件不与塞子134a区分来；对塞子134a而言，其将不与驱动元件134区分。

Claims (25)

1、一种注射装置，包括：
外壳；
容纳在外壳中的注射器，注射器具有膛孔，该膛孔的前端终止于排放嘴中并且后端终止于钟形的开口，带膛孔的排放活塞插入到所述钟形开口中；
具有前端的驱动元件，所述前端由大体扁平的边缘区域构成，适于支承在注射器的排放活塞上，并围绕适于容纳在排放活塞的膛孔中的突出的中间区域；以及
致动器，用于使驱动元件行进，以便使排放活塞行进并通过排放嘴排出注射器中的内容物。
2、根据权利要求1所述的注射装置，其中，所述注射器中的钟形开口和大致扁平的边缘和驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域的形状和尺寸设置成在注射装置组装过程中注射器与驱动元件之间的轴向错位通过如下方式矫正：第一，驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域在注射器的钟形开口处向上拱到这样一点；第二，在该点处驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域在注射器的钟形开口处向上拱，以便在注射器膛孔中对准驱动元件。
3、根据权利要求2所述的注射装置，其中，由注射器的钟形开口和经过注射器膛孔的轴线的平面相交形成的线的曲率半径在注射器膛孔的半径的33％和100％之间。
4、根据权利要求2所述的注射装置，其中，由注射器的钟形开口和经过注射器膛孔的轴线的平面相交形成的线的曲率半径在1mm到3mm之间。
5、根据权利要求3或4所述的注射装置，其中，所述曲率半径是平均曲率半径。
6、根据权利要求3或4所述的注射装置，其中，所述曲率半径是最小曲率半径。
7、根据权利要求3-6中任意一项所述的注射装置，其中，所述曲率半径大于驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域的最大径向长度。
8、根据权利要求7所述的注射装置，其中，所述曲率半径至少比驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域的最大径向长度大50％。
9、根据权利要求7所述的注射装置，其中，所述曲率半径至少比驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域的最大径向长度大70％。
10、根据前述任一项权利要求的注射装置，其中，所述注射器的钟形开口是大体上围绕注射器膛孔的轴线的回转面。
11、一种注射装置，其包括：
外壳，其适于容纳具有膛孔的注射器，该膛孔的前端终止于排放嘴中且后端终止于钟形开口中，带膛孔的排放活塞插入所述钟形开口中；以及
驱动元件，其适于支承在注射器的排放活塞上；以及
致动器，其用于使驱动元件行进，从而使排放活塞行进并通过排放嘴排出注射器中的内容物，驱动元件的前端由围绕突出的中间区域的大致扁平的边缘区域构成。
12、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端具有在6.5mm2到110mm2范围内的横截面积。
13、根据权利要求12所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端具有27.3mm2±8％的横截面积。
14、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的横截面为大体上环形。
15、根据权利要求14所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端具有1.45mm到5.9mm范围内的半径。
16、根据权利要求15所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端具有2.95mm±4％的半径。
17、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域占驱动元件的前端的总面积的25％到50％之间
18、根据权利要求17所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域占驱动元件的前端的总面积的37±3％。
19、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的大致扁平的边缘区域大体上是环形的。
20、根据权利要求19所述的注射装置，其中，大致扁平的环形区域的内径是外径的61±2％。
21、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域的形状大致为圆形。
22、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域从大致扁平的边缘区域逐渐变细成尖头。
23、根据权利要求22所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域以35±10°之间的平均角度向着驱动元件的纵向轴线变细。
24、根据权利要求22或23所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的突出中间区域大致为锥形或者截锥形。
25、根据权利要求24所述的注射装置，其中，所述驱动元件的前端的锥形或者截锥形区域具有65±5°的圆锥夹角。
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CN102209567B (zh) * 2008-10-01 2013-10-23 Shl集团有限责任公司 锥形弹簧致动的药剂输送装置
CN103179918A (zh) * 2010-08-24 2013-06-26 雅培医疗光学公司 用于插入装置的保护帽及其他插入装置特征
CN103179918B (zh) * 2010-08-24 2016-08-17 雅培医疗光学公司 用于插入装置的保护帽及其他插入装置特征

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