CN1976733B - 可释放的连接件和注射装置 - Google Patents

可释放的连接件和注射装置 Download PDF

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CN1976733B
CN1976733B CN2005800216378A CN200580021637A CN1976733B CN 1976733 B CN1976733 B CN 1976733B CN 2005800216378 A CN2005800216378 A CN 2005800216378A CN 200580021637 A CN200580021637 A CN 200580021637A CN 1976733 B CN1976733 B CN 1976733B
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奈杰尔·哈里森
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Abstract

外壳(212)容纳注射器并包括回位弹簧(226)，该回位弹簧将注射器从其针头(218)从外壳中伸出的伸出位置偏压到其针头没有从外壳中伸出的缩回位置。驱动弹簧(230)作用于第一驱动元件(232)，第二驱动元件(234)作用于注射器并使注射器从其缩回位置前进到其伸出位置并通过针头排出其中的物质。一旦已经到达标定接合位置，第一驱动元件能够相对于第二驱动元件运动。在第一驱动元件(234)继续前进到标定释放位置时，启动释放机构，从而将注射器(214)从驱动弹簧的作用下释放，由此回位弹簧使注射器回复到其缩回位置。

Description

可释放的连接件和注射装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用在注射装置中的可释放的连接件，这类注射装置能容纳注射器、延伸注射器、排出注射器中的物质、然后自动缩回注射器。 
背景技术
这种装置在WO 95/35126和EP-A-0516473中进行了一般性描述，其使用驱动弹簧和某些形式的释放机构，一旦确认注射器中的物质已经被排出，该释放机构就将注射器从所述驱动弹簧的作用下释放，从而允许该注射器通过回位弹簧缩回。 
因为装置中各种构件的公差叠加，所以在释放机构的操作中必须建立某个安全系数，以确保该机构有效。安全系数估计不足的后果是，即使注射器中的物质已经排出，释放机构也可能不会操作，这在自动缩回的装置中是不理想的，尤其是对于自给药物。另一方面，安全系数估计过高可能意味着注射器中的一些物质是在注射器缩回之后排出，这首先会导致给药量不足，其次会导致所谓的“湿”注射。湿注射对于洁癖者是令人生厌的，尤其是对于自给药物。 
英国专利申请No.0210123、No.0229384和No.0325596描述了用于解决上述问题的一系列注射装置。每个注射装置都是使用一种不错的方法，在释放机构已经启动之后，能延迟注射器的释放一段时间，以确保注射器中的物质已经被完全排出。英国专利申请No.0325596中描述的装置使用两件式驱动器，该驱动器具有缓冲液延迟机构，该机构在保证完全排出注射器中的物质方面特别有效。对于每种情况，该装置都是依靠两个释放机构。第一个释放机构启动缓冲液机构，第二个释放机构将注射器从驱动器中释放而允许注 射器缩回。所述释放机构通过注射装置中已经相对于装置的工作情形前进到标定(nominal)释放位置的部件来启动。释放机构包括本申请中描述的机构，通过注射装置中已经相对于注射器前进到标定释放位置的部件来启动，该释放机构记载在我们同时递交的申请文件中(申请号尚不可知)。 
图1显示的就是这种注射装置110，其中外壳112包含皮下注射器114。该注射器114为传统类型，包括一端是皮下注射针头118、另一端是凸缘120的注射器主体116。通常用来手动排出注射器114中的物质的传统活塞已经被除去并由将在下面描述的驱动元件134所取代，驱动元件134的一端是塞122。这种驱动元件134将要给予的药物124限制在注射器主体116内。尽管图示的注射器是皮下类型，这不是必须的。经皮或皮肤冲击或皮下注射器也可以用于本发明的注射装置。通常，注射器必须包括排出喷嘴，其在皮下注射器中为针头118。 
如图所示，外壳包括回位弹簧126，该回位弹簧126将注射器114从针头118从外壳112的开口128中伸出的伸出位置偏压到排出喷嘴118容纳到外壳112中的缩回位置。回位弹簧126通过套筒127作用于注射器114上。 
外壳的另一端是压缩驱动弹簧130。该驱动弹簧130的驱动力通过多构件驱动器传递到注射器114，以使之从其缩回位置前进到其伸出位置，并通过针头118排出其中的物质。驱动器通过直接作用于药物124和注射器114而实现该目的。经过药物作用的静液压力以及塞122与注射器主体116之间的很小程度的静摩擦力最初确保塞122和注射器主体116一起前进，直到回位弹簧126被压缩至最大程度或者注射器主体116遇到一些阻止其运动的其他障碍物。 
驱动弹簧130与注射器114之间的所述多构件驱动器包括三个主要构件。驱动套筒131从驱动弹簧130获得驱动力并将该驱动力传递给第一驱动元件132上的挠性锁臂133。又通过挠性锁臂135将该驱动力传递给第二驱动元件，即已经提过过的驱动元件134。 
第一驱动元件132包括中空杆140，其内腔形成与孔144连通的收集腔142，该孔144从收集腔延伸穿过杆140的末端。第二驱动元件134包括一端开放以接收杆140、另一端封闭的盲孔146。可以看出，孔146和杆140限定了储液室148，缓冲液容纳在该储液室148中。 
在外壳112的中间部分设置有触发器(未图示)，在操作时用于将驱动套筒131从外壳112上分离，允许驱动套筒131在驱动弹簧130的作用下相对于外壳112运动。该装置的操作如下。 
最初，驱动弹簧130移动驱动套筒131，驱动套筒131移动第一驱动元件132，第一驱动元件132移动第二驱动元件134，在每种情况下都是通过挠性锁臂133和135起作用。第二驱动元件134运动，并通过静摩擦力和通过要给送的药物124作用的静液压力，抵抗回位弹簧126的作用移动注射器主体116。回位弹簧126压缩，皮下注射针头118从外壳112的开口128中露出。这将一直继续，直到回位弹簧126被压缩至最大程度或者注射器主体116遇到一些阻止其运动的其他障碍物。因为第二驱动元件134与注射器主体116之间的静摩擦力以及通过要给送的药物124作用的静液压力不足以抵抗驱动弹簧130产生的全部驱动力，因此第二驱动元件134开始在注射器主体116中运动，并且药物124开始排出。但是，第二驱动元件134与注射器主体116之间的动摩擦力以及通过要给送的药物124作用的静液压力足以将回位弹簧126保持在其压缩状态，因此皮下注射针头118保持延伸。 
在第二驱动元件134到达其在注射器主体116中的行程末端之前，亦即在注射器中的物质全部排出之前，与第一和第二驱动元件132和134相连的挠性锁臂135到达收缩件137。该收缩件137通过连接到注射器凸缘120上的构件162形成，从而可以理解，当注射器114从其缩回位置前进到其伸出位置时，构件162将与之一起前进。借助于收缩件137上的斜面，收缩件137将挠性锁臂135从图中所示的位置向内运动到它们不再将第一驱动元件132接合到第二 驱动元件134的位置。一旦发生这种情况，第一驱动元件132不再作用于第二驱动元件134，允许第一驱动元件132相对于第二驱动元件134运动。 
与这种结构相关的一个缺点在于，锁臂135是受到收缩件137的作用而挠曲，该收缩件137必须让驱动元件穿过，从而能够最好地使锁臂135挠曲，从而它们的最外端与第二驱动元件134的外表面一致。在第一和第二驱动元件132彼此相对运动时，锁臂135必须进一步挠曲，从而它们的最外端与第二驱动元件134的内表面一致。这种要求导致制造困难，并且还可能影响到分离机构本身的可靠性。 
因为在第一驱动元件132的末端与第二驱动元件134的盲孔146之间限定的储液室148中容纳有缓冲液，所以在第一驱动元件132受到驱动弹簧130的作用而相对于第二驱动元件134运动时，储液室148的容积将会缩小。由于储液室148收缩，缓冲液被迫通过孔144进入到收集腔142中。因此，一旦挠性锁臂135已经释放，驱动弹簧130产生的力就会作用于缓冲液上而使缓冲液流过由孔144形成的限制通道，并且还通过缓冲液的静液压作用以及通过第一和第二驱动元件132和134之间的摩擦力作用而驱动第二驱动元件134。与缓冲液流相关联的损耗不会在很大程度上削弱作用到注射器主体上的力。因此，回位弹簧126保持压缩，皮下注射针头118保持延伸。 
经过一端时间之后，第二驱动元件134完成了其在注射器主体116中的行程而不能进一步前行。此时，注射器114中的物质完全排出，由驱动弹簧130产生的力将第二驱动元件134保持在其终端位置，并继续使缓冲液流过孔144，允许第一驱动元件132继续其运动。 
在储液室148中的缓冲液完全排出之前，与驱动套筒131连接的挠性锁臂133和第一驱动元件132一起到达另一个收缩件139，该收缩件139也是通过连接到注射器凸缘120上的构件162来设置。借助于收缩件139上的斜面，收缩件139将挠性锁臂133从图中所 示的位置运动到它们不再将驱动套筒131接合到第一驱动元件132的位置。一旦发生这种情况，驱动套筒131将不再作用于第一驱动元件132，允许它们彼此相对运动。 
锁臂133必须能够在冲程开始时支撑强震动载荷，但是还必须能够使用相对较小的释放力就能释放。试验表明，这种双重要求对于挠性锁臂133来说非常难以实现。如果锁臂制造的足够硬以承受震动载荷，则它们很容易变的过于硬而不能用可接受的小力来释放。 
一旦驱动套筒131不再作用于第一驱动元件132，注射器114当然释放，因为驱动弹簧130产生的力不再被传递到注射器114，作用在注射器上的力仅仅是来自回复弹簧126的回复力。因此，注射器114将回复到其缩回位置，完成了一整套注射。 
所有这些都是在已经将盖子111从外壳112的末端取下并且将保护套123从注射器上取下之后才发生的。 
发明内容
如上所述，在图1所示的设计中有两点不足。第一个是为了让第一和第二驱动元件能够彼此相对运动，锁臂必须比它们在穿过收缩件时被收缩件挠曲的程度更加挠曲。该要求导致制造困难，并且还可能会影响到分离机构本身的可靠性。本发明的一个目的是提供一种能克服上述不足的改进的驱动联接和分离机构。 
因此，本发明提供一种可释放的驱动联接件，包括： 
具有第一突出挠性臂的第一驱动元件；以及 
能够相对于第一驱动元件滑动的第二驱动元件，该第二驱动元件具有： 
适于接收第一挠性臂的驱动面，允许轴向载荷从一个驱动元件传递给另一个驱动元件；以及 
第二突出挠性臂，其相对于所述驱动面定位，使得第二挠性臂的向内挠曲将使之作用于第一挠性臂并使后者挠曲到不再被所述驱动面接收的点，在此点第一和第二驱动元件相对彼此自由滑动，从 而使所述驱动连接件分离。 
可以直接看出，由于使用第一挠性臂来挠曲第二挠性臂，因此在驱动元件彼此相对运动时不再需要使第二挠性臂进一步挠曲。 
优选地，所述第一挠性臂在压缩状态下工作以将轴向载荷从一个驱动元件传递给另一个驱动元件。这解决了一个问题，即使用张力状态下的挠性臂，这种挠性臂难以制造，需要相对较高的分离力。压缩状态下的挠性臂提供了承载载荷与分离载荷之间的较好比率，并且结构稳定。 
为了方便，联接件可以设置如下： 
所述第一驱动元件是内部驱动元件； 
所述第一挠性臂从所述内部驱动元件向外突出； 
所述第二驱动元件是能够在所述内部驱动元件上滑动的外部驱动元件； 
所述第二挠性臂从所述外部驱动元件向外突出；以及 
所述外部挠性臂的向内挠曲将导致内部挠性臂向内挠曲。 
优选地，所述外部驱动元件具有孔，所述内部驱动元件容纳在该孔内。所述内部驱动元件具有多个向外突出的内部挠性臂；以及所述外部驱动元件具有对应的多个驱动面以及对应的多个向外突出的外部挠性臂。出于对称的原因，所述向外突出的内部和外部挠性臂可以基本上沿着所述内部驱动元件的周围等距离间隔开。 
本发明的一种简单扩展提供了一种可自动释放的驱动连接件，包括： 
根据本发明的可释放的驱动连接件； 
作用于所述驱动元件之一的致动器；以及 
分离构件，其被设置成使得在所述第二驱动元件通过所述致动器的作用而前进时，使所述第二驱动元件向内挠曲，自动分离所述驱动连接件。 
所述分离构件可以包括让第一和第二驱动元件在受到所述致动器作用时经过的通道，该通道如此设置，使得在所述第二驱动元件 从中经过时，使所述第二挠性臂向内挠曲，自动分离所述驱动连接件。 
在本发明应用于注射装置时，本发明提供： 
适于装纳具有排出喷嘴的注射器的外壳，该外壳包括用于将所述注射器从所述排出喷嘴从外壳中伸出的伸出位置偏压到所述排出喷嘴容纳到外壳内的缩回位置的装置； 
根据本发明的可自动释放的驱动连接件，其中： 
所述内部驱动元件受到所述致动器的作用，所述外部驱动元件作用于所述注射器，使注射器从其缩回位置前进到其伸出位置，并且通过所述排出喷嘴排出其中的物质；以及 
当所述驱动元件已经前进到标定分离位置时，所述分离装置自动分离所述驱动连接件。 
与图1所示的结构相关的第二点不足在于，在将致动器接合到第一驱动元件的锁臂中，对硬度和挠性的双重要求很难满足。本发明的另一个目的是避开这种要求。因此，本发明的第二个方面提供一种注射装置，包括： 
适于装纳具有排出喷嘴的注射器的外壳，该外壳包括用于将所述注射器从伸出位置偏压到缩回位置的装置，在所述伸出位置所述排出喷嘴从外壳中伸出，在所述缩回位置所述排出喷嘴容纳到外壳内； 
致动器； 
第一和第二驱动元件，其中所述第一驱动元件受到所述致动器的作用并作用于所述第二驱动元件，并且所述第二驱动元件作用于所述注射器以使注射器从其缩回位置前进到其伸出位置并通过所述排出喷嘴排出其中的物质，当所述第一驱动元件受到所述致动器作用并且所述第二驱动元件被所述注射器限制时，所述第一驱动元件能够相对于所述第二驱动元件运动； 
所述致动器和所述第一驱动元件中的一个包括与另一个的第二驱动面接合的挠性臂，允许所述致动器作用于所述第一驱动元件， 并防止所述致动器相对于所述第一驱动元件运动；以及 
所述第二驱动元件包括挡块，该挡块防止挠性臂从驱动面分离，直到所述第一驱动元件已经相对于第二驱动元件前进到标定释放位置，由此所述挠性臂从所述第二驱动面上分离，允许所述致动器相对于第一驱动元件运动，从而使所述注射器从致动器的作用下释放，由此偏压装置使注射器回复到其缩回位置。 
以相同的方式，还提供一种注射装置，包括： 
适于装纳具有排出喷嘴的注射器的外壳，该外壳包括用于将所述注射器从伸出位置偏压到缩回位置的装置，在所述伸出位置所述排出喷嘴从外壳中伸出，在所述缩回位置所述排出喷嘴容纳到外壳内； 
致动器； 
驱动器，受到所述致动器的作用并且作用于所述注射器以通过所述排出喷嘴排出注射器中的物质；以及 
所述致动器和所述驱动器中的一个包括与另一个上的驱动面接合的挠性臂，允许所述致动器作用于所述驱动器，并防止所述致动器相对于所述驱动器运动； 
其中，防止所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，直到所述驱动器已经前进到标定释放位置，由此所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，允许所述致动器相对于所述驱动器运动，从而使所述注射器从致动器的作用下释放，由此偏压装置使注射器回复到其缩回位置。 
使用挡块来限制挠性臂以及防止挠性臂从驱动面上分离意味着挠性臂不需要制成如图1中的情况一样的硬度。因此，可以使用挠性更好的材料，避免了与图1的结构相关联的不足。 
优选地，所述致动器在第一驱动元件上的作用用于将所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，但是通过挡块，直到已经到达所述标定释放位置时才会起到该作用。 
在本发明该方面的一种方便的应用中，所述第二挠性臂包括棘爪，在到达所述标定释放位置时，所述挡块与该棘爪对齐，从而允 许所述挠性臂挠曲。优选地，所述第二挠性臂被偏压到其与所述第二驱动面相接合的位置，并且所述致动器的作用使之抵抗其偏压而运动，从而使之从所述驱动面上分离。 
附图说明
现在将参照附图通过实施例来描述本发明，在附图中： 
图1示出了上述对比注射装置；以及 
图2是本发明的实施方式。 
具体实施方式
图2显示了在外壳212中含有皮下注射器214的注射装置210。注射器214还是传统类型，包括注射器主体216和橡胶塞222，所述注射器主体216的一端是皮下针头218，另一端是凸缘220，所述橡胶塞222将要给送的药物224限制在注射器主体216内。通常连接到塞222上并用于将注射器214中的物质手动排出的传统活塞，已经被除去而由下面将要描述的多构件驱动元件所替代。尽管所示的注射器也是皮下注射类型，但是这并不是必须的。如图所示，外壳包括回位弹簧226，将注射器214从伸出位置偏压到缩回位置，在伸出位置针头218从外壳212中的开口228处伸出，在缩回位置皮下针头218容纳在外壳212内。回位弹簧226通过套筒227作用到注射器214上。 
外壳的另一端是压缩驱动弹簧230。来自驱动弹簧230的驱动力经过多构件驱动器传递到注射器214，使注射器214从其缩回位置前进到其伸出位置并将注射器214中的物质通过针头218排出。驱动器是通过直接作用在药物224和注射器214上来实现该目标的。通过药物作用的静液压力以及塞222与注射器主体216之间的很小程度的静摩擦力保证塞222和注射器主体216一起前进，直到回位弹簧226被压缩至最大程度或者注射器主体216遇到一些阻止其运动的其他障碍物。 
驱动弹簧230与注射器214之间的多构件驱动器也包括三个基本构件。驱动套筒231从驱动弹簧230处获得驱动力并将该驱动力传递给第一驱动元件232上的挠性锁臂233。这些元件显示于细节“A”中。第一驱动元件232接着将驱动力经过挠性锁臂235传递给第二驱动元件234。这些元件显示于细节“B”中。如前所述，第一驱动元件232包括中空杆240，该中空杆240的内腔形成收集腔242。第二驱动元件234包括盲孔246，该盲孔246的一端开放以接收杆240，另一端封闭。如图所示，孔246和杆240限定了储液室248，缓冲液容纳在该储液室248内。 
在外壳212的中间部分具有触发器(未图示)，一旦操作，就将驱动套筒231从外壳212上分离，允许驱动套筒231在驱动弹簧230的作用下相对于外壳212运动。该装置操作如下。 
开始，驱动弹簧230移动驱动套筒231，驱动套筒231移动第一驱动元件232，第一驱动元件232移动第二驱动元件234，每种情况都是通过作用于挠性锁臂233、235来实现的。第二驱动元件234借助静摩擦力和通过要给送的药物224作用的静液压力开始运动并抵抗回位弹簧226的作用移动注射器主体216。回位弹簧226开始压缩，并且皮下针头218从外壳216的开口228处露出。这将一直继续，直到回位弹簧226被压缩至最大程度或者注射器主体216遇到一些阻止其运动的其它障碍物。因为塞222与注射器主体216之间的静摩擦力以及通过要给送的药物作用的静液压力不足以抵抗驱动弹簧230产生的全部驱动力，所以第二驱动元件234开始在注射器主体216内运动，并且药物224开始被排出。但是，塞222与注射器主体216之间的动摩擦力以及通过要给送的药物作用的静液压力足以使回位弹簧226保持其压缩状态，从而皮下针头218保持延伸。 
在第二驱动元件234到达其在注射器主体216内的行程末端之前，亦即在注射器中的物质被全部排出之前，与第一和第二驱动元件232和234相连接的挠性锁臂235到达收缩件(constriction)237。该收缩件237通过构件262形成，该构件262开始相对于所有其它构件可自由运动，但是被限制在注射器凸缘220与第二驱动元件234上的附加挠性臂247之间。这些附加挠性臂247叠置在第一驱动元件232上的挠性臂235上面，由此将驱动力传递给第二驱动元件234。图2表示的注射装置210位于附加挠性臂247恰好与构件262中的收缩件237相接触的位置。 
借助于二者上的斜面，收缩件237将附加挠性臂247向内运动，并且附加挠性臂247又将挠性臂235从所示的位置向内运动，由此驱动力被从第一驱动元件232传递到第二驱动元件234，其中在所示的位置附加挠性臂247和挠性臂235不再将第一和第二驱动元件接合在一起。一旦发生这种情况，第一驱动元件232将不再作用于第二驱动元件234，允许第一驱动元件232相对于第二驱动元件234运动。 
因为在第一驱动元件232的末端与第二驱动元件234中的盲孔246之间所限定的储液室248中容纳有缓冲液，所以随着第一驱动元件232在驱动弹簧230的作用下相对于第二驱动元件234运动，所述储液室248的容积将会减小。由于储液室248收缩，缓冲液被迫进入到收集腔242中。因此，一旦挠性锁臂235已经释放，由驱动弹簧230施加的力就会作用到缓冲液上，使缓冲液流入到收集腔242中，并且静液压力作用到缓冲液上，并且通过第一和第二驱动元件232和234之间的摩擦力而作用到第二驱动元件234。与缓冲液流相关的损耗不会在很大程度上削弱作用到主体上的力。因此，回位弹簧226将保持压缩状态，并且皮下针头将保持延伸。 
一段时间之后，第二驱动元件234完成其在注射器主体216内的行程，不能够继续前进。由此，注射器214中的物质能够被完全排出，并且由驱动弹簧230施加的力能够将第二驱动元件234保持在其终点位置，使缓冲液流入到收集腔142中，允许第一驱动元件232继续运动。 
第二驱动元件234后部的凸缘270通常保持挠性臂233与驱动套筒231接合。但是，在储液室248中的缓冲液全部排出之前，与驱动套筒231连接的挠性臂233和第一驱动元件232相对于第二驱动元件234向前运动得足够远，使凸缘270对齐挠性臂233中的半槽272，由此其能够有效保持挠性臂233与驱动套筒231的接合。现在，借助于挠性臂233上的倾斜锁面274，驱动套筒231将挠性锁臂233从所示的位置向内运动，在此位置他们不再将驱动套筒231接合到第一驱动元件232。一旦发生这种情况，驱动套筒231将不再作用于第一驱动元件232，允许它们彼此相对运动。由此，因为由驱动弹簧230产生的力不再传递到注射器214，注射器214当然释放，并且作用到注射器上的力仅仅是来自回位弹簧226的回复力。因此，注射器214回复到其缩回位置，完成了一整套注射。 

Claims (31)

1.一种可释放的驱动连接件，包括：
具有第一突出挠性臂的第一驱动元件；以及
能够相对于第一驱动元件滑动的第二驱动元件，该第二驱动元件具有：
适于接收第一突出挠性臂的驱动面，允许轴向载荷从一个驱动元件传递给另一个驱动元件；以及
第二突出挠性臂，其相对于所述驱动面定位，使得第二突出挠性臂的向内挠曲作用于第一突出挠性臂并使第一突出挠性臂挠曲到不再被所述驱动面接收的位置，在此位置第一和第二驱动元件相对彼此自由滑动，从而使所述驱动连接件分离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的连接件，其特征为，所述第一突出挠性臂在压缩状态下工作，以将轴向载荷从一个驱动元件传递给另一个驱动元件。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的连接件，其特征为，
所述第一驱动元件是内部驱动元件；
所述第一突出挠性臂从所述内部驱动元件向外突出；
所述第二驱动元件是能够在所述内部驱动元件上滑动的外部驱动元件；
所述第二突出挠性臂从所述外部驱动元件向外突出；并且
所述第二突出挠性臂的向内挠曲导致所述第一突出挠性臂向内挠曲。
4.根据权利要求3所述的连接件，其特征为，所述外部驱动元件具有孔，所述内部驱动元件容纳在该孔内。
5.根据权利要求3所述的连接件，其特征为，
所述内部驱动元件具有多个所述第一突出挠性臂；并且
所述外部驱动元件具有对应的多个所述驱动面以及对应的多个所述第二突出挠性臂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的连接件，其特征为，所述第一突出挠性臂基本上沿着所述内部驱动元件的周围等距离间隔开。
7.根据权利要求6所述的连接件，包括两个完全径向对置的所述第一突出挠性臂。
8.根据权利要求5所述的连接件，其特征为，所述第二突出挠性臂基本上沿着所述外部驱动元件的周围等距离间隔开。
9.根据权利要求8所述的连接件，包括两个完全径向对置的所述第二突出挠性臂。
10.一种可自动释放的驱动连接件，包括：
根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的可释放的驱动连接件；
作用于驱动元件中的一个上的致动器；以及
分离构件，其被设置成在所述第二驱动元件通过所述致动器的作用而前进时，使所述第二突出挠性臂向内挠曲，自动分离所述驱动连接件。
11.根据权利要求10所述的连接件，其特征为，所述分离构件包括通道，第一和第二驱动元件在受到所述致动器作用时经过所述通道，所述通道被设置成在所述第二驱动元件从中经过时，使所述第二突出挠性臂向内挠曲，自动分离所述驱动连接件。
12.一种注射装置，包括：
外壳，适于装纳具有排出喷嘴的注射器，该外壳包括用于将所述注射器从伸出位置偏压到缩回位置的装置，在伸出位置所述排出喷嘴从外壳中伸出，在缩回位置所述排出喷嘴容纳到外壳内；以及
根据权利要求10或11所述的可自动释放的驱动连接件，其中：
所述第一驱动元件受到所述致动器的作用，所述第二驱动元件作用于所述注射器，使注射器从其缩回位置前进到其伸出位置，并且通过所述排出喷嘴排出其中的物质；以及
当所述第一驱动元件和所述第二驱动元件已经前进到标定分离位置时，所述分离构件自动分离所述驱动连接件。
13.根据权利要求12所述的注射装置，还包括：
释放机构，其在所述第一驱动元件已经前进到比所述标定分离位置前进更远的标定释放位置时启动，并且适于将注射器从所述致动器的作用下释放，由此所述偏压装置使所述注射器回复到其缩回位置。
14.根据权利要求13所述的注射装置，其特征为，一旦已经到达所述标定分离位置时，所述标定释放位置由与所述第一驱动元件互相作用的致动器限定，在所述标定分离位置所述第二驱动元件的继续运动由所述注射器限制。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的注射装置，其特征为，一旦已经到达所述标定释放位置，所述释放机构适于将所述第一驱动元件从所述致动器上分离，从而将所述注射器从所述致动器的作用下释放。
16.根据权利要求13所述的注射装置，还包括位于所述致动器与所述第一驱动元件之间的第二连接件，用于防止所述致动器相对于所述第一驱动元件运动，直到已经到达所述标定释放位置。
17.根据权利要求16所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述第二连接件包括所述致动器和所述第一驱动元件的配合部件，允许所述致动器作用于所述第一驱动元件。
18.一种注射装置，包括：
外壳，适于装纳具有排出喷嘴的注射器，该外壳包括用于将所述注射器从伸出位置偏压到缩回位置的装置，在所述伸出位置所述排出喷嘴从外壳中伸出，在所述缩回位置所述排出喷嘴容纳到外壳内；
致动器；
第一和第二驱动元件，所述第一驱动元件受到所述致动器的作用并作用于所述第二驱动元件，并且所述第二驱动元件作用于所述注射器以使所述注射器从其缩回位置前进到其伸出位置并通过所述排出喷嘴排出其中的物质，当所述第一驱动元件受到所述致动器作用并且所述第二驱动元件被所述注射器限制时，所述第一驱动元件能够相对于所述第二驱动元件运动，
其中，所述致动器和所述第一驱动元件中的一个包括与另一个上的驱动面接合的挠性臂，允许所述致动器作用于所述第一驱动元件，并防止所述致动器相对于所述第一驱动元件运动；并且
所述第二驱动元件包括挡块，该挡块防止挠性臂从驱动面分离，直到所述第一驱动元件已经相对于第二驱动元件前进到标定释放位置，由此所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，允许所述致动器相对于第一驱动元件运动，从而使所述注射器从致动器的作用下释放，由此偏压装置使注射器回复到其缩回位置。
19.根据权利要求18所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述致动器的作用用于将所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，但是直到已经到达所述标定释放位置时才会起到该作用。
20.根据权利要求18所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述挠性臂包括棘爪，在到达所述标定释放位置时，所述挡块与所述棘爪对齐，从而允许所述挠性臂挠曲。
21.根据权利要求19或20所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述挠性臂被偏压到其与所述驱动面相接合的位置，并且所述致动器的作用使挠性臂抵抗其偏压而运动，从而使挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离。
22.根据权利要求18所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述致动器和所述第一驱动元件中的所述一个为所述第一驱动元件。
23.根据权利要求19、20及22中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述致动器和所述第一驱动元件中的所述一个包括多个这种挠性臂。
24.根据权利要求18所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述注射装置还包括分离机构，该分离机构在所述驱动元件已经前进到所述标定分离位置时启动，并且适于将所述第一驱动元件从所述第二驱动元件上分离，从而允许所述第一驱动元件相对于所述第二驱动元件运动。
25.根据权利要求18所述的注射装置，其特征为，
所述注射装置还包括分离构件，在已经到达所述标定分离位置时，所述分离构件通过作用于中间构件使所述挠性臂运动，从而使所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，允许所述第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动。
26.根据权利要求25所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述中间构件是所述驱动元件的挠性臂，其上具有所述驱动面。
27.一种注射装置，包括：
外壳，适于装纳具有排出喷嘴的注射器，该外壳包括用于将所述注射器从伸出位置偏压到缩回位置的装置，在所述伸出位置所述排出喷嘴从外壳中伸出，在所述缩回位置所述排出喷嘴容纳到外壳内；
致动器；
驱动器，受到所述致动器的作用并且作用于所述注射器以通过所述排出喷嘴排出注射器中的物质，
其中，所述致动器和所述驱动器中的一个包括与另一个上的驱动面接合的挠性臂，允许所述致动器作用于所述驱动器，并防止所述致动器相对于所述驱动器运动；
防止所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，直到所述驱动器已经前进到标定释放位置，由此所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，允许所述致动器相对于所述驱动器运动，从而使所述注射器从致动器的作用下释放，由此偏压装置使注射器回复到其缩回位置。
28.根据权利要求27所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述致动器的作用用于将所述挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离，但是直到已经到达所述标定释放位置时才会起到该作用。
29.根据权利要求28所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述挠性臂被偏压到其与所述驱动面相接合的位置，并且所述致动器的作用使挠性臂抵抗其偏压而运动，从而使挠性臂从所述驱动面上分离。
30.根据权利要求27所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述致动器和所述驱动器中的所述一个为所述驱动器。
31.根据权利要求28至30中任一项所述的注射装置，其特征为，所述致动器和所述驱动器中的所述一个包括多个这种挠性臂。
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