CA2365847A1 - Methods for producing droplets for use in capsule-based electrophoretic displays - Google Patents
Methods for producing droplets for use in capsule-based electrophoretic displays Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2365847A1 CA2365847A1 CA002365847A CA2365847A CA2365847A1 CA 2365847 A1 CA2365847 A1 CA 2365847A1 CA 002365847 A CA002365847 A CA 002365847A CA 2365847 A CA2365847 A CA 2365847A CA 2365847 A1 CA2365847 A1 CA 2365847A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- internal phase
- phase
- droplets
- fluid
- external
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 title description 104
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 335
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 40
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
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- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000220479 Acacia Species 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ketodiacetal Natural products O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyano prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=CC(=O)OC#N NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012769 display material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001012508 Carpiodes cyprinus Species 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007754 air knife coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940106691 bisphenol a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZXTYDZYHMVIHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyano 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC#N ZXTYDZYHMVIHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007607 die coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- JJJFUHOGVZWXNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N enbucrilate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(=C)C#N JJJFUHOGVZWXNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950010048 enbucrilate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- FGBJXOREULPLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(=C)C#N FGBJXOREULPLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009685 knife-over-roll coating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenylethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
- B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
- B01F31/85—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations with a vibrating element inside the receptacle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
- B01F23/411—Emulsifying using electrical or magnetic fields, heat or vibrations
- B01F23/4111—Emulsifying using electrical or magnetic fields, heat or vibrations using vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
- B01F35/7179—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using sprayers, nozzles or jets
- B01F35/71791—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using sprayers, nozzles or jets using ink jet heads or cartridges, e.g. of the thermal bubble jet or piezoelectric type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12796499P | 1999-04-06 | 1999-04-06 | |
| US60/127,964 | 1999-04-06 | ||
| US09/413,009 US6262833B1 (en) | 1998-10-07 | 1999-10-06 | Capsules for electrophoretic displays and methods for making the same |
| US09/413,009 | 1999-10-06 | ||
| PCT/US2000/009090 WO2000059625A1 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-04-06 | Methods for producing droplets for use in capsule-based electrophoretic displays |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2365847A1 true CA2365847A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
Family
ID=26826125
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002365847A Abandoned CA2365847A1 (en) | 1999-04-06 | 2000-04-06 | Methods for producing droplets for use in capsule-based electrophoretic displays |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6377387B1 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP1169121B1 (https=) |
| JP (2) | JP4582914B2 (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU4202100A (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2365847A1 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2000059625A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (283)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7193625B2 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2007-03-20 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electro-optic displays, and apparatus for use therein |
| US7583251B2 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2009-09-01 | E Ink Corporation | Dielectrophoretic displays |
| US7327511B2 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2008-02-05 | E Ink Corporation | Light modulators |
| US7411719B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2008-08-12 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof |
| US7079305B2 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2006-07-18 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof |
| US6866760B2 (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 2005-03-15 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic medium and process for the production thereof |
| US7848006B2 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2010-12-07 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays with controlled amounts of pigment |
| US7167155B1 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2007-01-23 | E Ink Corporation | Color electrophoretic displays |
| US8139050B2 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2012-03-20 | E Ink Corporation | Addressing schemes for electronic displays |
| US7999787B2 (en) | 1995-07-20 | 2011-08-16 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces |
| US7259744B2 (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 2007-08-21 | E Ink Corporation | Dielectrophoretic displays |
| US7247379B2 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2007-07-24 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof |
| US7002728B2 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2006-02-21 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof |
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2000
- 2000-04-06 WO PCT/US2000/009090 patent/WO2000059625A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-04-06 JP JP2000609180A patent/JP4582914B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-06 EP EP00921745A patent/EP1169121B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-06 CA CA002365847A patent/CA2365847A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-06 US US09/543,639 patent/US6377387B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-06 AU AU42021/00A patent/AU4202100A/en not_active Abandoned
-
2010
- 2010-05-27 JP JP2010122121A patent/JP2010256911A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4582914B2 (ja) | 2010-11-17 |
| EP1169121B1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
| JP2002541501A (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
| AU4202100A (en) | 2000-10-23 |
| JP2010256911A (ja) | 2010-11-11 |
| WO2000059625A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 |
| EP1169121A1 (en) | 2002-01-09 |
| WO2000059625A9 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
| US6377387B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
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