WO2016185629A1 - 銅粉及びそれを用いた銅ペースト、導電性塗料、導電性シート、並びに銅粉の製造方法 - Google Patents
銅粉及びそれを用いた銅ペースト、導電性塗料、導電性シート、並びに銅粉の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/107—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing organic material comprising solvents, e.g. for slip casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C5/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses
- C25C5/02—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses from solutions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/10—Copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
- B22F2304/10—Micron size particles, i.e. above 1 micrometer up to 500 micrometer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to copper powder, and more specifically, copper powder having a novel shape that can be used as a material for conductive paste and the like, and can improve conductivity, and a copper paste using the copper powder.
- a conductive paint, a conductive sheet, and a method for producing the copper powder are provided.
- a metal filler paste of silver or copper is applied or printed on various substrates of an electronic device, and is subjected to heat curing or heat baking treatment to form a conductive film that becomes a wiring layer, an electrode, or the like.
- a resin-type conductive paste is made of a metal filler and a resin, a curing agent, a solvent, etc., printed on a conductor circuit pattern or terminal, and heat-cured at 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. to form a conductive film. And forming electrodes.
- the resin-type conductive paste since the thermosetting resin is cured and contracted by heat, the metal fillers are pressed and contacted with each other so that the metal fillers overlap each other, and as a result, an electrically connected current path is formed. Since this resin-type conductive paste is processed at a curing temperature of 200 ° C. or less, it is often used for a substrate using a heat-sensitive material such as a printed wiring board.
- the firing type conductive paste is made of a metal filler, glass, solvent, etc., printed on a conductor circuit pattern or terminal, and heated and fired at 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. to form a conductive film.
- the fired conductive paste is processed at a high temperature to sinter the metal fillers to ensure conductivity. Since this fired conductive paste is processed at such a high firing temperature, there is a point that it cannot be used for a printed wiring board that uses a resin material. There is a feature that resistance is easily obtained.
- Such a fired conductive paste is used, for example, for an external electrode of a multilayer ceramic capacitor.
- the powder of copper or the like used as the metal filler in order to connect the particles and conduct electricity, a shape such as granular shape, dendritic shape, flat plate shape and the like has been used in many cases.
- the thin plate shape contributes to reducing the thickness of the wiring material by reducing the thickness.
- tabular copper powder is particularly suitable for conductive paints and conductive pastes for which electrical conductivity is desired to be maintained.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for obtaining a flaky copper powder suitable for a metal filler of a conductive paste. Specifically, spherical copper powder with an average particle size of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m is used as a raw material, and it is mechanically processed into a flat plate shape by the mechanical energy of the media loaded in the mill using a ball mill or a vibration mill. is there.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique relating to a copper powder for conductive paste, more specifically, a disk-shaped copper powder having high performance as a copper paste for through holes and external electrodes, and a method for producing the same. Specifically, the granular atomized copper powder is put into a medium agitating mill, and a steel ball having a diameter of 1/8 to 1/4 inch is used as a grinding medium. 1% is added and processed into a flat plate shape by grinding in air or in an inert atmosphere.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method for obtaining electrolytic copper powder that can be molded with high strength, with improved formability compared to conventional electrolytic copper powder, without developing the electrolytic copper powder more than necessary. .
- the electrolytic solution is used for the purpose of reducing the size of the crystallites constituting the electrolytic copper powder.
- One or two or more selected from tungstate, molybdate, and sulfur-containing organic compounds are added to a certain aqueous copper sulfate solution to deposit electrolytic copper powder.
- the obtained granular copper powder is mechanically deformed (processed) using a medium such as a ball to form a flat plate.
- a medium such as a ball
- the average particle size is 1 to 30 ⁇ m
- the technique of Patent Document 3 has an average particle diameter of 7 to 12 ⁇ m.
- dendritic shape electrolytic copper powder deposited in a dendritic shape called dendritic shape is known, and since the shape is dendritic, it has a large surface area, excellent formability and sinterability, and is used for powder metallurgy applications Used as a raw material for oil-impregnated bearings and machine parts.
- oil-impregnated bearings and the like have been reduced in size, and accordingly, have become porous, thin, and have complicated shapes.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a metal powder injection molding copper powder having a complicated three-dimensional shape and high dimensional accuracy, and a method of manufacturing an injection molded product using the same. Specifically, it has been shown that by further developing the dendritic shape, the dendrites of the electrolytic copper powder adjacent to each other at the time of compression molding are intertwined and firmly connected to each other, so that it can be molded with high strength. Furthermore, when it is used as a conductive paste or a metal filler for electromagnetic wave shielding, since it has a dendritic shape, it can be used that it can have more contacts than a spherical shape.
- the dendritic copper powder as described above when used as a metal filler such as a conductive paste or a resin for electromagnetic wave shielding, the dendritic copper powder has a shape in which the metal filler in the resin has developed into a dendritic shape. They are entangled with each other and agglomerate occurs, which causes a problem that they are not uniformly dispersed in the resin, and the viscosity of the paste increases due to agglomeration, resulting in problems in wiring formation by printing. Such a problem is pointed out in Patent Document 3, for example.
- dendritic copper powder as a metal filler such as a conductive paste, which is a cause of difficulty in improving the conductivity of the paste.
- a dendritic shape is easy to ensure a contact rather than granular, and can ensure high electroconductivity as a conductive paste or an electromagnetic wave shield.
- the present invention has been proposed in view of such circumstances, and is suitably used as an application such as a conductive paste or an electromagnetic wave shield while ensuring excellent conductivity by increasing the number of contacts between copper powders.
- An object is to provide a copper powder that can be used.
- the present inventors have made extensive studies to solve the above-described problems. As a result, a dendritic shape having a main trunk and a plurality of branches separated from the main trunk is formed, and the main trunk and the branch are configured by aggregating tabular copper particles having a specific cross-sectional average thickness. It was found that the copper powder in which the growth in the vertical direction with respect to the surface was suppressed, the contact between the copper powders increased, and excellent conductivity was found, and the present invention was completed. That is, the present invention provides the following.
- the first invention of the present invention has a dendritic shape having a main trunk that grows linearly and a plurality of branches separated from the main trunk, and the main trunk and the branches are made of a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- the copper average particle diameter (D50) of the copper powder is 1.0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and is composed of flat copper particles having an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.02 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m determined by observation.
- the copper powder has a maximum height in the vertical direction with respect to the flat plate-like surface of the particles, which is 1/10 or less of the maximum length in the horizontal direction of the flat plate-like surface.
- a third invention of the present invention, in the first or second invention, BET specific surface area value of copper powder is 0.2m 2 /g ⁇ 5.0m 2 / g.
- a fourth invention of the present invention is the copper powder according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the crystallite diameter in the Miller index of the (111) plane by X-ray diffraction is in the range of 80 nm to 300 nm. is there.
- a fifth invention of the present invention is a metal filler containing the copper powder according to any one of the first to fourth inventions in a proportion of 20% by mass or more of the whole.
- a sixth invention of the present invention is a copper paste obtained by mixing a metal filler according to the fifth invention with a resin.
- the seventh invention of the present invention is a conductive paint for electromagnetic wave shielding using the metal filler according to the fifth invention.
- the eighth invention of the present invention is a conductive sheet for electromagnetic wave shielding using the metal filler according to the fifth invention.
- a ninth invention of the present invention is a method for producing copper powder according to the first to fourth inventions, comprising copper ions and a compound having a phenazine structure represented by the following formula (1). It is the manufacturing method of the copper powder electrolyzed using the electrolyte solution containing 1 or more types and 1 or more types of nonionic surfactant.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN.
- R 5 is hydrogen, halogen , Amino, OH, —O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, lower alkyl, and aryl.
- a ⁇ is a halide anion.
- a tenth invention of the present invention is a method for producing copper powder according to the first to fourth inventions, comprising copper ions and a compound having an azobenzene structure represented by the following formula (2). It is the manufacturing method of the copper powder electrolyzed using the electrolyte solution containing 1 or more types and 1 or more types of nonionic surfactant.
- the eleventh invention of the present invention is a method for producing copper powder according to the first to fourth inventions, wherein the phenazine structure and the azobenzene structure are represented by copper ions and the following formula (3): Is a method for producing copper powder that is electrolyzed using an electrolytic solution containing one or more types of compounds having a nonionic surfactant and one or more types of nonionic surfactants.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 are each independently hydrogen, Selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, and C1-C8 alkyl
- R 3 is hydrogen, halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, A group selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and aryl, and A ⁇ is a halide anion.
- a twelfth invention of the present invention is a method for producing copper powder according to the first to fourth inventions, wherein the compound has a copper ion and a phenazine structure represented by the following formula (1), Two or more types selected from the group consisting of a compound having an azobenzene structure represented by the following formula (2) and a compound having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure represented by the following formula (3); It is the manufacturing method of the copper powder electrolyzed using the electrolyte solution containing 1 or more types of agents.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN. , SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, and C1-C8 alkyl
- R 5 is hydrogen, halogen , Amino, OH, —O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, lower alkyl, and aryl.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 are each independently hydrogen, Selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, and C1-C8 alkyl
- R 3 is hydrogen, halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, A group selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and aryl, and A ⁇ is a halide anion.
- the copper powder according to the present invention it is possible to secure a large number of contacts and a large contact area, to ensure excellent conductivity, and to prevent aggregation, such as conductive paste and electromagnetic wave shield. It can utilize suitably for a use.
- the present embodiment a various change is possible in the range which does not change the summary of this invention.
- the notation “X to Y” (X and Y are arbitrary numerical values) means “X or more and Y or less”.
- Dendritic copper powder shape >> The copper powder according to the present embodiment, when observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), has a dendritic shape having a main trunk that grows linearly and a plurality of branches separated from the main trunk.
- the shape of the copper powder (hereinafter, the copper powder according to the present embodiment is also referred to as “dendritic copper powder”).
- the main trunks and branches are composed of a collection of tabular copper particles having an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.02 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m determined by SEM observation.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the copper powder is 1 0.0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the height in the vertical direction with respect to the flat surface of the flat copper particles is 1/10 or less with respect to the maximum length in the horizontal direction, It has a smooth surface that suppresses growth in the vertical direction.
- the anode and the cathode are immersed in a sulfuric acid electrolyte containing copper ions, and the cathode is electrolyzed by flowing a direct current. It can be obtained by depositing on top.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 has a dendritic shape having a main trunk 2 that grows linearly and a plurality of branches 3 separated from the main trunk 2.
- the branch 3 in the dendritic copper powder 1 means not only the branches 3a and 3b branched from the main trunk 2, but also both branches further branched from the branches 3a and 3b.
- the main trunk 2 and the branch 3 are constituted by a collection of tabular copper particles having an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.02 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m determined by SEM observation.
- the formation of such flat copper particles is caused by the fact that specific additives added to the electrolytic solution when electrolytically depositing copper powder are adsorbed on the surface of the copper particles, as will be described later. As a result, it is thought that it grows flat.
- FIG. 3 is a photograph showing an example of an observation image when the copper powder grown in a direction perpendicular to such a flat surface is observed by SEM (magnification 5,000 times). In this photo, copper powder grows in the direction perpendicular to the plate-like surface to form protrusions, and some plate-like surfaces are bent to have a height in the vertical direction. ing.
- the copper particles grow in the vertical direction as shown in the photograph of FIG. 3, for example, when the copper powder is used for an application such as a conductive paste or a conductive paint, the copper powder grows in the vertical direction.
- the bulk density becomes high, the packing density cannot be obtained, and there is a problem that sufficient conductivity cannot be secured.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 is a copper powder having a substantially smooth surface by suppressing the growth in a direction perpendicular to the flat surface.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 has a maximum height in the vertical direction (symbol “5” in FIG. 2) with respect to the flat surface, and the horizontal length of the flat surface is long.
- the maximum length (symbol “4” in FIG. 2) is 1/10 or less.
- the maximum height 5 in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface is not the thickness of the flat surface, but, for example, when the protrusion is formed on the flat surface, the height of the protrusion. Yes, it means the “height” in the direction opposite to the thickness direction with respect to the flat “surface”.
- the maximum length 4 in the horizontal direction with respect to the flat surface means the major axis length of the flat surface.
- FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are observation images when the dendritic copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment is observed by SEM, that is, a flat plate shape in which growth in a direction perpendicular to the flat plate surface is suppressed. It is a photograph figure which shows an example of the observation image of this dendritic copper powder. 4 is observed at a magnification of 1,000 times, and FIG. 5 is observed at a magnification of 5,000 times. As shown in these photographic diagrams, it can be seen that the growth in the vertical direction with respect to the flat surface is suppressed, and a dendritic and flat copper powder having a substantially smooth surface is obtained.
- Such a flat copper powder in which the growth in the vertical direction is suppressed can ensure a large contact area between the dendritic copper powders. And since the contact area becomes large, low resistance, that is, high conductivity can be realized. Thereby, it is further excellent in electroconductivity, can maintain the electroconductivity favorably, and can be used suitably for the use of an electroconductive coating material or an electroconductive paste. Moreover, when the dendritic copper powder 1 is configured by aggregating flat copper particles, the dendritic copper powder 1 can also contribute to thinning of the wiring material and the like.
- the average particle diameter (D50) is 1.0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter can be controlled by changing the electrolysis conditions described later. Further, if necessary, it can be further adjusted to a desired size by adding mechanical crushing or crushing such as a jet mill, a sample mill, a cyclone mill, or a bead mill.
- an average particle diameter (D50) can be measured by the laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution measuring method, for example.
- the metal filler in the resin is When the shape is developed in a dendritic shape, the dendritic copper powders are entangled with each other to cause aggregation and are not uniformly dispersed in the resin. In addition, the agglomeration increases the viscosity of the paste and causes problems in wiring formation by printing. This is because the dendritic copper powder grows radially in a needle shape, and the dendritic copper powder is entangled and aggregated into a large lump.
- the flat copper particles having an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.02 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m are assembled to form the copper powder. Aggregation due to entanglement can be prevented. That is, by growing the flat copper particles, the copper powders come into contact with each other on the surface, and aggregation due to the entanglement of the copper powders can be prevented and uniformly dispersed in the resin. Moreover, contact resistance can also be restrained low by the contact by a large area by making copper powder contact by a surface by making it grow flat like this.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 is composed of flat copper particles, and as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 2 and the photographic diagrams of FIG. 4 and FIG.
- the growth of copper particles in the direction perpendicular to the surface is suppressed.
- the contact area between the copper powders can be further increased, aggregation can be prevented more effectively, and the copper powder can be uniformly dispersed in the resin.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 when a spherical copper powder is formed into a flat plate by a mechanical method, for example, it is necessary to prevent copper oxidation during mechanical processing. Fatty acid is added and processed into a flat plate shape by grinding in air or in an inert atmosphere. However, since it cannot completely prevent oxidation, and the fatty acid added at the time of processing may affect the dispersibility when it is made into a paste, it must be removed after the processing is finished. There is a problem that the fatty acid cannot be completely removed because it sometimes firmly adheres to the copper surface under the pressure of time.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment can be grown by direct electrolysis to form a flat plate without performing mechanical processing. Oxidation problems and fatty acid residue problems that have been generated do not occur, the copper powder has a good surface state, and it can be in a very good state for electrical conductivity. Low resistance can be realized when used as a metal filler such as resin.
- the manufacturing method of this dendritic copper powder 1 is explained in full detail later.
- the filling rate of the metal filler becomes a problem.
- the flatness of the tabular dendritic copper powder is required. That is, the form of the dendritic copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment is such that the maximum height in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface is the maximum length in the direction horizontal to the flat surface. 1/10 or less, the smoothness is high, the filling rate is increased, and the number of contacts on the surface of the copper powders is increased. Therefore, further low resistance can be realized.
- the bulk density of the dendritic copper powder 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.5 g / cm 3 to 5.0 g / cm 3 . If the bulk density is less than 0.5 g / cm 3 , there is a possibility that sufficient contact between the copper powders cannot be ensured. On the other hand, if the bulk density exceeds 5.0 g / cm 3 , the average particle diameter of the dendritic copper powder also increases, and the surface area may decrease to deteriorate the moldability and sinterability.
- dendritic copper powder 1 is not particularly limited, it is preferable the value of the BET specific surface area of 0.2m 2 /g ⁇ 5.0m 2 / g.
- the BET specific surface area value is less than 0.2 m 2 / g, the copper particles constituting the dendritic copper powder 1 may not have the desired flat shape as described above, and high conductivity is obtained. It may not be possible.
- the BET specific surface area value exceeds 5.0 m 2 / g, aggregation tends to occur and it becomes difficult to uniformly disperse in the resin during paste formation.
- the BET specific surface area can be measured in accordance with JIS Z8830: 2013.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 is not particularly limited, but the crystallite diameter preferably belongs to the range of 80 nm to 300 nm. If the crystallite diameter is less than 80 nm, the copper particles constituting the main trunk and branches tend to be a shape close to a sphere rather than a flat shape, and it becomes difficult to ensure a sufficiently large contact area, and the conductivity is low. May be reduced. On the other hand, if the crystallite diameter exceeds 300 nm, moldability and sinterability may be deteriorated.
- the crystallite diameter is obtained from a diffraction pattern obtained by an X-ray diffraction measurement device based on Scherrer's calculation formula shown below, and is a (111) plane mirror by X-ray diffraction. It is the crystallite diameter in the index.
- D 0.9 ⁇ / ⁇ cos ⁇ (D: crystallite diameter (nm), ⁇ : diffraction peak spread (rad) depending on crystallite size, ⁇ : X-ray wavelength [CuK ⁇ ] (nm), ⁇ : diffraction angle (°). .)
- the dendritic copper powder 1 having the shape as described above is occupied at a predetermined ratio in the obtained copper powder when observed with an electron microscope, copper powder having other shapes is mixed. Even if it is, the effect similar to the copper powder which consists only of the dendritic copper powder 1 can be acquired.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 having the shape described above is 80% by number or more, preferably 90% by number or more of the total copper powder. As long as it occupies the ratio, copper powder of other shapes may be included.
- the dendritic copper powder according to the present embodiment can be produced, for example, by a predetermined electrolytic method using a sulfuric acid acidic solution containing copper ions as an electrolytic solution.
- the above-described sulfuric acid-containing electrolytic solution containing copper ions is accommodated in an electrolytic cell in which metallic copper is used as an anode (anode) and a stainless steel plate or a titanium plate is used as a cathode (cathode).
- the electrolytic solution is subjected to electrolytic treatment by applying a direct current at a predetermined current density. Thereby, a fine dendritic copper powder can be deposited (electrodeposited) on the cathode with energization.
- a plate-like dendritic copper powder composed of copper particles can be deposited.
- the water-soluble copper salt is a copper ion source that supplies copper ions, and examples thereof include copper sulfate such as copper sulfate pentahydrate and copper nitrate, but are not particularly limited.
- copper oxide may be dissolved in a sulfuric acid solution to make a sulfuric acid acidic solution.
- the copper ion concentration in the electrolytic solution can be about 1 g / L to 20 g / L, preferably about 5 g / L to 10 g / L.
- Sulfuric acid is for making a sulfuric acid electrolyte.
- concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolytic solution can be about 20 g / L to 300 g / L, preferably about 50 g / L to 150 g / L, as the free sulfuric acid concentration. Since the sulfuric acid concentration affects the conductivity of the electrolyte, it affects the uniformity of the copper powder obtained on the cathode.
- the additive includes one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a compound having a phenazine structure, a compound having an azobenzene structure, and a compound having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure, or Two or more compounds having different molecular structures selected from the group are used in combination.
- such an additive is added to the electrolyte together with a nonionic surfactant described later, thereby suppressing copper powder that suppresses growth in a direction perpendicular to the flat surface, that is, smooth. Copper powder having a surface can be produced.
- the concentration of the additive selected from the group consisting of a compound having a phenazine structure, a compound having an azobenzene structure, and a compound having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure in the electrolyte solution is 1 to 1000 mg / L in total. It is preferable to set the degree.
- a compound having a phenazine structure can be represented by the following formula (1).
- one or more compounds having a phenazine structure represented by the following formula (1) can be contained as an additive.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, It is a group selected from the group consisting of CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, and C1-C8 alkyl.
- R 5 is hydrogen, halogen, amino, OH, —O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, lower alkyl, And a group selected from the group consisting of aryl.
- a ⁇ is a halide anion.
- examples of the compound having a phenazine structure include 5-methylphenazine-5-ium, eruginosine B, aeruginosine A, 5-ethylphenazine-5-ium, 3,7-diamino-5-phenylphenazine-5.
- the compound having an azobenzene structure can be represented by the following formula (2).
- one or more compounds having an azobenzene structure represented by the following formula (2) can be contained as an additive.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, amino A group selected from the group consisting of OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, lower alkyl, and aryl. is there.
- examples of the compound having an azobenzene structure include azobenzene, 4-aminoazobenzene-4'-sulfonic acid, 4- (dimethylamino) -4 '-(trifluoromethyl) azobenzene, C.I. I.
- a compound having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure can be represented by the following formula (3).
- one or more compounds having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure represented by the following formula (3) can be contained as an additive.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 are each separately , Hydrogen, halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, and C1-C8 alkyl
- R 3 is hydrogen, halogen, amino, OH, ⁇ O, CN, SCN, SH, COOH, COO salt, COO ester, SO 3 H, SO 3 salt, SO 3 ester, benzenesulfonic acid, lower alkyl, And a group selected from the group consisting of aryl.
- a ⁇ is a halide anion.
- a compound having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure for example, 3- (diethylamino) -7-[(4-hydroxyphenyl) azo] -2,8-dimethyl-5-phenylphenazine-5-ium , 3-[[4- (dimethylamino) phenyl] azo] -7- (diethylamino) -5-phenylphenazine-5-ium, Janus Green B, 3-amino-7-[(2,4-diaminophenyl) Azo] -2,8-dimethyl-5-phenylphenazine-5-ium, 2,8-dimethyl-3-amino-5-phenyl-7- (2-hydroxy-1-naphthylazo) phenazine-5-ium, 3 -[[4- (dimethylamino) phenyl] azo] -7- (dimethylamino) -5-phenylphenazine-5-ium, 3-
- a nonionic surfactant is contained as the surfactant.
- a nonionic surfactant is added to the electrolytic solution together with the above-described additives, thereby suppressing the growth in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface, that is, having a smooth surface. Copper powder can be produced.
- nonionic surfactant one kind can be used alone, or two or more kinds can be used in combination, and the total concentration in the electrolytic solution can be about 1 to 10,000 mg / L.
- the number average molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 to 200000, more preferably 200 to 15000, and further preferably 1000 to 10,000.
- the surfactant has a number average molecular weight of less than 100, fine electrolytic copper powder that does not exhibit a dendritic shape may be deposited.
- the surfactant has a number average molecular weight of more than 200,000, electrolytic copper powder having a large average particle diameter may be precipitated, and only a dendritic copper powder having a specific surface area of less than 0.2 m 2 / g may be obtained.
- the number average molecular weight is a molecular weight in terms of polystyrene determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a solvent.
- nonionic surfactant is not particularly limited, but is preferably a surfactant having an ether group, for example, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethyleneimine, pluronic surfactant, tetronic surfactant. , Polyoxyethylene glycol / glycerin ether, polyoxyethylene glycol / dialkyl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol / alkyl ether, aromatic alcohol alkoxylate, polymer compound represented by the following formula (x), and the like. These nonionic surfactants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- n1 represents an integer of 1 to 120.
- n1 represents an integer of 1 to 90.
- n1 represents an integer of 1 to 120.
- n2 and l2 represent an integer of 1 to 30, and m2 represents an integer of 10 to 100.
- n3 represents an integer of 1 to 200
- m3 represents an integer of 1 to 40.
- polyoxyethylene glycol glyceryl ether what is represented, for example by following formula (vi) can be used.
- n4, m4, and l4 each represent an integer of 1 to 200.
- polyoxyethylene glycol dialkyl ether what is represented, for example by a following formula (vii) can be used.
- R1 and R2 represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n5 represents an integer of 2 to 200.
- polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl ether what is represented, for example by a following formula (viii) can be used.
- R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- m6 or n6 represents an integer of 2 to 100.
- aromatic alcohol alkoxylate what is represented, for example by following formula (ix) can be used.
- m7 represents an integer of 1 to 5
- n7 represents an integer of 1 to 120.
- R 1 is a residue of a higher alcohol having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkylphenol residue having an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or an alkyl naphthol having an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- a residue of a fatty acid amide having 3 to 25 carbon atoms, a residue of an alkylamine having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyl group, and R 2 and R 3 represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- M and n represent an integer of 1 to 100.
- Chloride ions As chloride ions, compounds that supply chloride ions such as hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride (chloride ion source) can be added to the electrolyte solution. Chloride ions contribute to the shape control of the precipitated copper powder together with the above-described additives and nonionic surfactants.
- the chloride ion concentration in the electrolytic solution is not particularly limited, but can be about 1 mg / L to 500 mg / L.
- the copper powder is deposited on the cathode to be produced by electrolysis using the electrolytic solution having the composition described above.
- the electrolysis method a known method can be used.
- the current density is preferably in the range of 3 A / dm 2 to 30 A / dm 2 for electrolysis using a sulfuric acid electrolytic solution, and the electrolyte is energized while stirring.
- the liquid temperature (bath temperature) of the electrolytic solution can be, for example, about 20 ° C. to 60 ° C.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 has a dendritic shape having a main trunk 2 and a plurality of branches 3 branched from the main trunk 2, and has an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.02 ⁇ m to 5. It is composed of flat copper particles having a size of 0 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the dendritic copper powder is 1.0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- a dendritic shape has a large surface area, an excellent moldability and sinterability, and a dendritic flat plate having a predetermined cross-sectional average thickness.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 has a maximum height in the vertical direction with respect to the flat surface of the copper particles of 1/10 or less with respect to the maximum length in the horizontal direction of the flat surface. It is a copper powder having a smooth surface that suppresses growth in the vertical direction. According to such a dendritic copper powder 1, the contact points between the copper powders can be further increased, and the conductivity can be improved.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 having such a predetermined structure, even when it is a copper paste or the like, it is possible to suppress agglomeration and to uniformly disperse in the resin, In addition, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of poor printability due to an increase in the viscosity of the paste. Therefore, the dendritic copper powder can be suitably used for applications such as conductive paste and conductive paint.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 is included as a metal filler (copper powder), a binder resin, a solvent, and an antioxidant, a coupling agent, and the like as necessary. It can be produced by kneading with the additive.
- the dendritic copper powder is configured to have a proportion of 20% by mass or more, preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more in the metal filler. If the ratio of the dendritic copper powder in the metal filler is 20% by mass or more, for example, when the metal filler is used in the copper paste, it can be uniformly dispersed in the resin, and the viscosity of the paste excessively increases. As a result, it is possible to prevent printability defects. Further, the dendritic copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment is composed of an assembly of fine tabular copper particles, and has a substantially smooth surface that suppresses growth in a direction perpendicular to the flat surface. By having the copper powder, excellent conductivity can be exhibited as a conductive paste.
- the metal filler may contain dendritic copper powder in a proportion of 20% by mass or more, and other components such as spherical copper powder of about 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m are mixed. Also good.
- the binder resin is not particularly limited, but an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, or the like can be used.
- organic solvents such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerol, and terpineol, can be used.
- the amount of the organic solvent added is not particularly limited, but the amount added is adjusted in consideration of the particle size of the dendritic copper powder so that the viscosity is suitable for a conductive film forming method such as screen printing or a dispenser. be able to.
- resin components can be added to adjust the viscosity.
- a cellulose-based resin typified by ethyl cellulose can be used, which is added as an organic vehicle dissolved in an organic solvent such as terpineol.
- an antioxidant or the like can be added in order to improve the conductivity after firing.
- a hydroxycarboxylic acid etc. can be mentioned. More specifically, hydroxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and lactic acid are preferable, and citric acid or malic acid having a high adsorptive power to copper is particularly preferable.
- the addition amount of the antioxidant can be set to, for example, about 1 to 15% by mass in consideration of the antioxidant effect and the viscosity of the paste.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment is used as a metal filler as an electromagnetic wave shielding material, it is not limited to use under particularly limited conditions, but a general method, For example, a metal filler can be used by mixing with a resin.
- the resin used for forming the electromagnetic wave shielding layer of the electromagnetic wave shielding conductive sheet is not particularly limited, and conventionally used vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, vinylidene chloride resin, Thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin, radiation curable type made of various polymers and copolymers such as acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, olefin resin, chlorinated olefin resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, alkyd resin, phenol resin, etc. Resin etc. can be used suitably.
- the above-described metal filler and resin are dispersed or dissolved in a solvent to form a coating material, and the coating material is applied or printed on the substrate to form the electromagnetic shielding layer. It can be manufactured by forming and drying to such an extent that the surface solidifies.
- a metal filler can also be utilized for the conductive adhesive layer of a conductive sheet.
- the dendritic copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment is used as a metal filler to form a conductive paint for electromagnetic wave shielding, it is not limited to use under particularly limited conditions. It can be used as a conductive paint by mixing a method, for example, a metal filler with a resin and a solvent, and further mixing with an antioxidant, a thickener, an anti-settling agent and the like as necessary.
- the binder resin and solvent used at this time are not particularly limited, and vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, fluororesin, silicon resin, phenol resin, and the like that have been used in the past are used. Can be used.
- the solvent conventionally used alcohols such as isopropanol, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, esters such as methyl acetate, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, and the like can be used.
- the antioxidant as an additive, conventionally used fatty acid amides, higher fatty acid amines, phenylenediamine derivatives, titanate coupling agents and the like can be used.
- the average particle size (D50) of the obtained copper powder was measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd., HRA9320 X-100).
- the crystallite size was calculated from a diffraction pattern obtained by an X-ray diffraction measurement apparatus (manufactured by PANalytical, X'Pert PRO) using a known method generally known as Scherrer's equation.
- BET specific surface area The BET specific surface area was measured using a specific surface area / pore distribution measuring apparatus (manufactured by Cantachrome, QUADRASORB SI).
- the sheet resistance value was measured by a four-terminal method using a low resistivity meter (Loresta-GP MCP-T600, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), while the surface roughness shape measuring instrument ( The film thickness of the coating film was measured by SURFCOM130A, manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd., and the sheet resistance value was determined by dividing the film thickness by the film thickness.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate of the samples obtained in the examples and comparative examples using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Specifically, the level in Comparative Example 2 that does not use dendritic copper powder is set as “ ⁇ ”, and the level worse than the level in Comparative Example 2 is set as “X”. Was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, and when it was excellent, “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1 In an electrolytic cell having a capacity of 100 L, an electrode plate made of titanium having an electrode area of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm is used as a cathode, and a copper electrode plate having an electrode area of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm is used as an anode, and an electrolytic solution is loaded in the electrolytic cell. Then, a direct current was applied thereto to deposit copper powder on the cathode plate.
- the electrolytic solution a composition having a copper ion concentration of 12 g / L and a sulfuric acid concentration of 120 g / L was used. Further, a hydrochloric acid solution (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added to this electrolytic solution so that the chloride ion (chlorine ion) concentration in the electrolytic solution was 80 mg / L. In addition, safranin (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is a compound having a phenazine structure, is added as an additive to the electrolytic solution so that the concentration in the electrolytic solution is 100 mg / L, and a nonionic surfactant is further added. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) having a molecular weight of 600 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added to a concentration of 500 mg / L in the electrolytic solution.
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- the temperature is maintained at 25 ° C. and the current density of the cathode is 10 A / dm 2. Then, copper powder was deposited on the cathode plate.
- the electrolytic copper powder deposited on the cathode plate was recovered by mechanically scraping it off the bottom of the electrolytic cell using a scraper, and the recovered copper powder was washed with pure water and then put in a vacuum dryer and dried. .
- the cross-sectional average thickness of the flat copper particles, the maximum length grown in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface of the copper powder, and the flat plate-like copper powder The ratio of the long axis length in the horizontal direction to the surface was measured.
- the copper particles constituting the obtained copper powder had a flat plate shape with a cross-sectional average thickness of 2.1 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the dendritic copper powder was 78.9 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the maximum length of the copper powder grown in the vertical direction from the flat surface to the maximum length in the direction horizontal to the flat surface (flat plate direction) (vertical length / flat plate length) was 0.054 on average.
- the bulk density of the obtained dendritic copper powder was 3.2 g / cm 3 .
- the crystallite diameter of the dendritic copper powder was 243 nm.
- the BET specific surface area was 1.29 m 2 / g.
- a plate-like dendritic copper powder with suppressed growth in the vertical direction can be produced by adding a compound having a phenazine structure and a nonionic surfactant in the electrolyte. I understood.
- Example 2 A hydrochloric acid solution (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is added to the electrolyte so that the chloride ion concentration becomes 200 mg / L, and methyl orange (Kanto Chemical Industries, Ltd.), which is a compound having an azobenzene structure as an additive, is added. Manufactured) was added at a concentration of 200 mg / L in the electrolytic solution. Furthermore, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene butyl ether having a molecular weight of 1000 as a nonionic surfactant (manufactured by NOF Corporation, trade name: UNILOVE 50MB-11) is added to the electrolyte so that the concentration in the electrolyte is 750 mg / L. Added to. Otherwise, electrolytic treatment was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to produce a dendritic copper powder.
- the cross-sectional average thickness of the flat copper particles, the maximum length grown in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface of the copper powder, and the flat plate-like copper powder The ratio of the long axis length in the horizontal direction to the surface was measured.
- the copper particles constituting the obtained copper powder were in the form of a plate having a cross-sectional average thickness of 2.4 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the dendritic copper powder was 52.6 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the maximum length of the copper powder grown in the vertical direction from the flat surface to the maximum length in the direction horizontal to the flat surface is 0 on average. .043.
- the bulk density of the obtained dendritic copper powder was 2.8 g / cm 3 .
- the crystallite diameter of the dendritic copper powder was 270 nm.
- the BET specific surface area was 1.94 m 2 / g.
- Example 2 From the results of Example 2, it is possible to produce a plate-like dendritic copper powder with suppressed growth in the vertical direction by adding a compound having an azobenzene structure and a nonionic surfactant to the electrolytic solution. I understood.
- Example 3 To the electrolyte solution, a hydrochloric acid solution (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added so that the chloride ion concentration was 100 mg / L, and Janus Green B (a compound having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure as an additive) Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added at a concentration of 500 mg / L in the electrolytic solution. Furthermore, a nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene butyl ether having a molecular weight of 3000 (manufactured by NOF Corporation, trade name: UNILOVE 50MB-72) is added to the electrolyte so that the concentration in the electrolyte is 1000 mg / L. Added to. Otherwise, electrolytic treatment was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to produce a dendritic copper powder.
- a hydrochloric acid solution manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Janus Green B a compound having a phena
- the cross-sectional average thickness of the flat copper particles, the maximum length grown in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface of the copper powder, and the flat plate-like copper powder The ratio of the long axis length in the horizontal direction to the surface was measured.
- the copper particles constituting the obtained copper powder were in the form of a plate having a cross-sectional average thickness of 1.8 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the dendritic copper powder was 42.6 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the maximum length of the copper powder grown in the vertical direction from the flat surface to the maximum length in the direction horizontal to the flat surface is 0 on average. 0.049.
- the bulk density of the obtained dendritic copper powder was 2.3 g / cm 3 .
- the crystallite diameter of the dendritic copper powder was 184 nm.
- the BET specific surface area was 2.13 m 2 / g.
- Example 4 A hydrochloric acid solution (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is added to the electrolyte so that the chloride ion concentration is 100 mg / L, and methyl orange (Kanto Chemical Industries, Ltd.), which is a compound having an azobenzene structure as an additive, is added.
- methyl orange Koreano Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Manufactured at a concentration of 100 mg / L in the electrolyte solution and Janus Green B (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), a compound having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure, at a concentration of 100 mg in the electrolyte solution. / L was added.
- a nonionic surfactant having a molecular weight of 600 polyethylene glycol (PEG) (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is further added to the electrolyte so that the concentration in the electrolyte is 1000 mg / L.
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene butyl ether having a molecular weight of 3000 (manufactured by NOF Corporation, trade name: UNILOVE 50MB-72) was added so that the concentration in the electrolyte was 1000 mg / L. Otherwise, electrolytic treatment was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to produce a dendritic copper powder.
- the cross-sectional average thickness of the flat copper particles, the maximum length grown in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface of the copper powder, and the flat plate-like copper powder The ratio of the long axis length in the horizontal direction to the surface was measured.
- the copper particles constituting the obtained copper powder were in the form of a plate having an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.6 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the dendritic copper powder was 22.5 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the maximum length of the copper powder grown in the vertical direction from the flat surface to the maximum length in the direction horizontal to the flat surface is 0 on average. 0.068.
- the bulk density of the obtained dendritic copper powder was 1.0 g / cm 3 .
- the crystallite diameter of the dendritic copper powder was 124 nm.
- the BET specific surface area was 2.96 m 2 / g.
- Example 4 From the results of Example 4, a compound having an azobenzene structure as an additive and a compound having a phenazine structure and an azobenzene structure were mixed and added to the electrolytic solution, and two or more kinds of nonionic surfactants were further added. It has been found that by adding, a plate-like dendritic copper powder with suppressed growth in the vertical direction can be produced.
- Example 5 55 parts by mass of dendritic copper powder having a specific surface area of 1.29 m 2 / g obtained in Example 1, 15 parts by mass of phenol resin (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd., PL-2211), butyl cellosolve (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) 10 parts by mass (manufactured by Shika Special Grade) were mixed and paste-formed by repeating kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes three times using a small kneader (Nippon Seiki Seisakusho, non-bubbling kneader NBK-1). The obtained conductive paste was printed on a glass with a metal squeegee and cured at 150 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere.
- the specific resistance values of the coatings obtained by curing were 7.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 150 ° C.) and 2.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 200 ° C.), respectively.
- Example 6 55 parts by mass of dendritic copper powder having a specific surface area of 1.94 m 2 / g obtained in Example 2, 15 parts by mass of phenol resin (PL-2211, manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd.), butyl cellosolve (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) 10 parts by mass (manufactured by Shika Special Grade) were mixed and paste-formed by repeating kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes three times using a small kneader (Nippon Seiki Seisakusho, non-bubbling kneader NBK-1). The obtained conductive paste was printed on a glass with a metal squeegee and cured at 150 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere.
- the specific resistance values of the coatings obtained by curing were 7.8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 150 ° C.) and 3.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 200 ° C.), respectively.
- Example 7 55 parts by mass of dendritic copper powder having a specific surface area of 2.13 m 2 / g obtained in Example 3, 15 parts by mass of phenol resin (PL-2211 manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd.), butyl cellosolve (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) 10 parts by mass (manufactured by Shika Special Grade) were mixed and paste-formed by repeating kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes three times using a small kneader (Nippon Seiki Seisakusho, non-bubbling kneader NBK-1). The obtained conductive paste was printed on a glass with a metal squeegee and cured at 150 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere.
- the specific resistance values of the coatings obtained by curing were 5.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 150 ° C.) and 1.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 200 ° C.), respectively.
- Example 8 Different second and dendritic copper powder of specific surface area obtained in Example 1 1.29m 2 / g, and dendritic copper powder having a specific surface area obtained in Example 2 1.94 M 2 / g 55 parts by mass (total amount) of dendritic copper powder mixed at a ratio of 50:50, 15 parts by mass of phenol resin (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd., PL-2211), butyl cellosolve (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., 10 parts by weight of deer (special grade) were mixed and paste-formed by repeating kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes three times using a small kneader (Nippon Seiki Seisakusho, non-bubbling kneader NBK-1). The obtained conductive paste was printed on a glass with a metal squeegee and cured at 150 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere.
- the specific resistance values of the coatings obtained by curing were 5.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 150 ° C.) and 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 200 ° C.), respectively.
- Example 9 Dendritic copper powder having a specific surface area of 1.29 m 2 / g obtained in Example 1 was dispersed in a resin to obtain an electromagnetic wave shielding material.
- Example 2 100 g of vinyl chloride resin and 200 g of methyl ethyl ketone were mixed with 40 g of the dendritic copper powder obtained in Example 1, and kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes was repeated three times using a small kneader. To make a paste. During pasting, the copper powder was uniformly dispersed in the resin without agglomeration. This was coated and dried on a base material made of a transparent polyethylene terephthalate sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m using a Mayer bar to form an electromagnetic wave shielding layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Table 1 shows the results of the characteristic evaluation.
- Example 10 Dendritic copper powder having a specific surface area of 1.94 m 2 / g obtained in Example 2 was dispersed in a resin to obtain an electromagnetic wave shielding material.
- Example 2 100 g of vinyl chloride resin and 200 g of methyl ethyl ketone were mixed with 40 g of the dendritic copper powder obtained in Example 2, and kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes was repeated three times using a small kneader. To make a paste. During pasting, the copper powder was uniformly dispersed in the resin without agglomeration. This was coated and dried on a base material made of a transparent polyethylene terephthalate sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m using a Mayer bar to form an electromagnetic wave shielding layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Table 1 shows the results of the characteristic evaluation.
- Example 11 Dendritic copper powder having a specific surface area of 2.13 m 2 / g obtained in Example 3 was dispersed in a resin to obtain an electromagnetic wave shielding material.
- Example 3 100 g of vinyl chloride resin and 200 g of methyl ethyl ketone were mixed with 40 g of the dendritic copper powder obtained in Example 3, and kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes was repeated three times using a small kneader. To make a paste. During pasting, the copper powder was uniformly dispersed in the resin without agglomeration. This was coated and dried on a base material made of a transparent polyethylene terephthalate sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m using a Mayer bar to form an electromagnetic wave shielding layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Table 1 shows the results of the characteristic evaluation.
- Example 1 Under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that safranin, which is a compound having a phenazine structure, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) having a molecular weight of 600, which is a nonionic surfactant, are not added as additives, copper powder is cathodized under the same conditions. It was deposited on a plate.
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- the copper powder had a dendritic shape, but was composed of aggregated granular copper particles, and was a flat dendritic shape. It was not copper powder. Moreover, the specific surface area of the obtained copper powder was 0.16 m ⁇ 2 > / g.
- the obtained dendritic copper powder was mixed with 15 parts by mass of a phenol resin (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd., PL-2211) and 10 parts by mass of butyl cellosolve (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., deer special grade).
- a small kneader manufactured by Nippon Seiki Seisakusho, non-bubbling kneader NBK-1
- kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes was repeated three times to form a paste.
- the obtained conductive paste was printed on a glass with a metal squeegee and cured at 150 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere.
- the specific resistance values of the coatings obtained by curing were 14.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 150 ° C.) and 8.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ⁇ cm (curing temperature 200 ° C.), respectively.
- Comparative Example 2 The dendritic copper powder obtained in Comparative Example 1 was dispersed in a resin to obtain an electromagnetic wave shielding material.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Table 1 shows the results of the characteristic evaluation.
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態に係る銅粉は、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて観察したとき、直線的に成長した主幹とその主幹から分かれた複数の枝とを有する樹枝状の形状をなす樹枝状形状の銅粉(以下、本実施の形態に係る銅粉を「樹枝状銅粉」ともいう)である。その主幹及び枝は、SEM観察より求められる断面平均厚さが0.02μm~5.0μmの平板状の銅粒子が集合して構成されており、当該銅粉の平均粒子径(D50)が1.0μm~100μmである。そして、この樹枝状銅粉では、平板状の銅粒子のその平板状の面に対して垂直方向への高さが、水平方向への最大長さに対して1/10以下となっており、垂直方向への成長を抑制した平滑な面を有することを特徴としている。
D=0.9λ/βcosθ
(なお、D:結晶子径(nm)、β:結晶子の大きさによる回折ピークの拡がり(rad)、λ:X線の波長[CuKα](nm)、θ:回折角(°)である。)
本実施の形態に係る樹枝状銅粉は、例えば、銅イオンを含有する硫酸酸性溶液を電解液として用いて所定の電解法により製造することができる。
水溶性銅塩は、銅イオンを供給する銅イオン源であり、例えば硫酸銅五水和物等の硫酸銅、硝酸銅等が挙げられるが特に限定されない。また、酸化銅を硫酸溶液で溶解して硫酸酸性溶液にしてもよい。電解液中での銅イオン濃度としては、1g/L~20g/L程度、好ましくは5g/L~10g/L程度とすることができる。
硫酸は、硫酸酸性の電解液とするためのものである。電解液中の硫酸の濃度としては、遊離硫酸濃度として20g/L~300g/L程度、好ましくは50g/L~150g/L程度とすることができる。この硫酸濃度は、電解液の電導度に影響するため、カソード上に得られる銅粉の均一性に影響する。
添加剤としては、フェナジン構造を有する化合物、アゾベンゼン構造を有する化合物、及びフェナジン構造とアゾベンゼン構造とを有する化合物からなる群から選択されるいずれかの化合物を1種類以上、あるいはその群から選択される分子構造の異なる化合物を2種類以上併せて用いる。本実施の形態においては、このような添加剤を、後述するノニオン界面活性剤と共に電解液に添加することによって、平板状の面に対して垂直方向への成長を抑えた銅粉、すなわち平滑な面を有する銅粉を製造することができる。
フェナジン構造を有する化合物は、下記式(1)によって表わすことができる。本実施の形態においては、下記式(1)で表されるフェナジン構造を有する化合物の1種類又は2種類以上を添加剤として含有させることができる。
アゾベンゼン構造を有する化合物は、下記式(2)によって表わすことができる。本実施の形態においては、下記式(2)で表されるアゾベンゼン構造を有する化合物の1種類又は2種類以上を添加剤として含有させることができる。
フェナジン構造とアゾベンゼン構造とを有する化合物は、下記式(3)によって表わすことができる。本実施の形態においては、下記式(3)で表されるフェナジン構造とアゾベンゼン構造とを有する化合物の1種類又は2種類以上を添加剤として含有させることができる。
界面活性剤としては、ノニオン界面活性剤を含有させる。本実施の形態においては、上述した添加剤と共にノニオン界面活性剤を電解液中に添加することによって、平板状の面に対して垂直方向への成長を抑えた銅粉、すなわち平滑な面を有する銅粉を製造することができる。
塩化物イオンとしては、塩酸、塩化ナトリウム等の塩化物イオンを供給する化合物(塩化物イオン源)を電解液中に添加することによって含有させることができる。塩化物イオンは、上述した添加剤やノニオン界面活性剤と共に、析出する銅粉の形状制御に寄与する。電解液中の塩化物イオン濃度としては、特に限定されないが、1mg/L~500mg/L程度とすることができる。
本実施の形態に係る樹枝状銅粉1は、上述したように、主幹2及びその主幹2から分岐した複数の枝3とを有する樹枝状を呈し、断面平均厚さが0.02μm~5.0μmである平板状の銅粒子が集合して構成されている。そして、当該樹枝状銅粉の平均粒子径(D50)は、1.0μm~100μmである。このような樹枝状銅粉では、樹枝状の形状であることにより表面積が大きくなり、成形性や焼結性に優れたものとなり、また樹枝状であって且つ所定の断面平均厚さを有する平板状の銅粒子から構成されていることにより、接点の数を多く確保することができ、優れた導電性を発揮する。
下記実施例及び比較例にて得られた銅粉について、以下の方法により、形状の観察、平均粒子径の測定、結晶子径、比表面積等の測定を行った。
走査型電子顕微鏡(日本電子株式会社製,JSM-7100F型)により、所定の倍率の視野で任意に20視野を観察し、その視野内に含まれる銅粉を観察した。
得られた銅粉の平均粒子径(D50)については、レーザー回折・散乱法粒度分布測定器(日機装株式会社製,HRA9320 X-100)を用いて測定した。
結晶子径については、X線回折測定装置(PANanalytical社製,X‘Pert PRO)により得られた回折パターンから、一般にScherrerの式として知られる公知の方法を用いて算出した。
BET比表面積については、比表面積・細孔分布測定装置(カンタクローム社製,QUADRASORB SI)を用いて測定した。
被膜の比抵抗値については、低抵抗率計(三菱化学株式会社製,Loresta-GP MCP-T600)を用いて四端子法によりシート抵抗値を測定し、一方で、表面粗さ形状測定器(東京精密株式会社製,SURFCOM130A)により被膜の膜厚を測定して、シート抵抗値を膜厚で除することによって求めた。
電磁波シールド特性の評価は、各実施例及び比較例にて得られた試料について、周波数1GHzの電磁波を用いて、その減衰率を測定して評価した。具体的には、樹枝状銅粉を使用していない比較例2の場合のレベルを『△』として、その比較例2のレベルよりも悪い場合を『×』とし、その比較例2のレベルよりも良好な場合を『○』とし、さらに優れている場合を『◎』として評価した。
[実施例1]
容量が100Lの電解槽に、電極面積が200mm×200mmのチタン製の電極板を陰極とし、電極面積が200mm×200mmの銅製の電極板を陽極として用いて、その電解槽中に電解液を装入し、これに直流電流を通電して銅粉を陰極板に析出させた。
電解液に、塩化物イオン濃度が200mg/Lとなるように塩酸溶液(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を添加し、また添加剤としてアゾベンゼン構造を有する化合物であるメチルオレンジ(関東化学工業株式会社製)を電解液中の濃度で200mg/Lとなるように添加した。さらに、電解液に、ノニオン界面活性剤である分子量1000のポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブチルエーテル(日油株式会社製,商品名:ユニルーブ50MB-11)を電解液中の濃度で750mg/Lとなるように添加した。それ以外は実施例1と同じ条件で電解処理を行い、樹枝状銅粉を作製した。
電解液に、塩化物イオン濃度が100mg/Lとなるように塩酸溶液(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を添加し、また添加剤としてフェナジン構造とアゾベンゼン構造とを有する化合物であるヤヌスグリーンB(関東化学工業株式会社製)を電解液中の濃度で500mg/Lとなるように添加した。さらに、電解液に、ノニオン界面活性剤である分子量3000のポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブチルエーテル(日油株式会社製,商品名:ユニルーブ50MB-72)を電解液中の濃度で1000mg/Lとなるように添加した。それ以外は実施例1と同じ条件で電解処理を行い、樹枝状銅粉を作製した。
電解液に、塩化物イオン濃度が100mg/Lとなるように塩酸溶液(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を添加し、また添加剤としてアゾベンゼン構造を有する化合物であるメチルオレンジ(関東化学工業株式会社製)を電解液中の濃度で100mg/Lとなるように添加し、さらにフェナジン構造とアゾベンゼン構造とを有する化合物であるヤヌスグリーンB(関東化学工業株式会社製)を電解液中の濃度で100mg/Lとなるように添加した。また、電解液に、ノニオン界面活性剤である分子量600のポリエチレングリコール(PEG)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を電解液中の濃度で1000mg/Lとなるように、さらにノニオン界面活性剤である分子量3000のポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブチルエーテル(日油株式会社製,商品名:ユニルーブ50MB-72)を電解液中の濃度で1000mg/Lとなるように添加した。それ以外は実施例1と同じ条件で電解処理を行い、樹枝状銅粉を作製した。
実施例1にて得られた比表面積が1.29m2/gの樹枝状銅粉55質量部に、フェノール樹脂(群栄化学株式会社製,PL-2211)15質量部、ブチルセロソルブ(関東化学株式会社製,鹿特級)10質量部を混合し、小型ニーダー(日本精機製作所製,ノンバブリングニーダーNBK-1)を用いて、1200rpm、3分間の混錬を3回繰り返すことでペースト化した。得られた導電ペーストを金属スキージでガラス上に印刷し、大気雰囲気中にて150℃、200℃でそれぞれ30分間硬化させた。
実施例2にて得られた比表面積が1.94m2/gの樹枝状銅粉55質量部に、フェノール樹脂(群栄化学株式会社製,PL-2211)15質量部、ブチルセロソルブ(関東化学株式会社製,鹿特級)10質量部を混合し、小型ニーダー(日本精機製作所製,ノンバブリングニーダーNBK-1)を用いて、1200rpm、3分間の混錬を3回繰り返すことでペースト化した。得られた導電ペーストを金属スキージでガラス上に印刷し、大気雰囲気中にて150℃、200℃でそれぞれ30分間硬化させた。
実施例3にて得られた比表面積が2.13m2/gの樹枝状銅粉55質量部に、フェノール樹脂(群栄化学株式会社製,PL-2211)15質量部、ブチルセロソルブ(関東化学株式会社製,鹿特級)10質量部を混合し、小型ニーダー(日本精機製作所製,ノンバブリングニーダーNBK-1)を用いて、1200rpm、3分間の混錬を3回繰り返すことでペースト化した。得られた導電ペーストを金属スキージでガラス上に印刷し、大気雰囲気中にて150℃、200℃でそれぞれ30分間硬化させた。
実施例1にて得られた比表面積が1.29m2/gの樹枝状銅粉と、実施例2にて得られた比表面積が1.94m2/gの樹枝状銅粉との異なる2種類を50:50の割合で混合させた樹枝状銅粉55質量部(合計量)に、フェノール樹脂(群栄化学株式会社製,PL-2211)15質量部、ブチルセロソルブ(関東化学株式会社製,鹿特級)10質量部を混合し、小型ニーダー(日本精機製作所製,ノンバブリングニーダーNBK-1)を用いて、1200rpm、3分間の混錬を3回繰り返すことでペースト化した。得られた導電ペーストを金属スキージでガラス上に印刷し、大気雰囲気中にて150℃、200℃でそれぞれ30分間硬化させた。
実施例1にて得られた比表面積が1.29m2/gの樹枝状銅粉を樹脂に分散させて電磁波シールド材とした。
実施例2にて得られた比表面積が1.94m2/gの樹枝状銅粉を樹脂に分散させて電磁波シールド材とした。
実施例3にて得られた比表面積が2.13m2/gの樹枝状銅粉を樹脂に分散させて電磁波シールド材とした。
実施例1の条件において、添加剤としてフェナジン構造を有する化合物であるサフラニンと、ノニオン界面活性剤である分子量600のポリエチレングリコール(PEG)を添加しないこと以外は、同一の条件にて銅粉を陰極板上に析出させた。
比較例1にて得られた樹枝状銅粉を樹脂に分散させて電磁波シールド材とした。
2 主幹
3,3a,3b 枝
4 平板状の面に対して水平方向(X-Y方向)への最大長さ
5 平板状の面(X-Y面)に対して垂直方向への最大高さ
Claims (12)
- 直線的に成長した主幹と該主幹から分かれた複数の枝とを有する樹枝状の形状をなし、
前記主幹及び前記枝は、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)観察より求められる断面平均厚さが0.02μm~5.0μmの平板状の銅粒子が集合して構成され、当該銅粉の平均粒子径(D50)が1.0μm~100μmであり、
前記銅粒子の平板状の面に対して垂直方向への最大高さが、該平板状の面の水平方向への最大長さに対して1/10以下である
ことを特徴とする銅粉。 - 嵩密度が0.5g/cm3~5.0g/cm3の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の銅粉。
- BET比表面積値が0.2m2/g~5.0m2/gであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の銅粉。
- X線回折による(111)面のミラー指数における結晶子径が80nm~300nmの範囲に属することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の銅粉。
- 請求項1又は乃至4のいずれかに記載の銅粉を、全体の20質量%以上の割合で含有していることを特徴とする金属フィラー。
- 請求項5に記載の金属フィラーを樹脂に混合させてなることを特徴とする銅ペースト。
- 請求項5に記載の金属フィラーを用いたことを特徴とする電磁波シールド用の導電性塗料。
- 請求項5に記載の金属フィラーを用いたことを特徴とする電磁波シールド用の導電性シート。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の銅粉を製造する方法であって、
銅イオンと、
下記式(1)で表されるフェナジン構造を有する化合物の1種類以上と、
ノニオン界面活性剤の1種類以上と
を含有する電解液を用いて電解することを特徴とする銅粉の製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の銅粉を製造する方法であって、
銅イオンと、
下記式(3)で表される、フェナジン構造とアゾベンゼン構造とを有する化合物の1種類以上と、
ノニオン界面活性剤の1種類以上と
を含有する電解液を用いて電解することを特徴とする銅粉の製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の銅粉を製造する方法であって、
銅イオンと、
下記式(1)で表されるフェナジン構造を有する化合物、下記式(2)で表されるアゾベンゼン構造を有する化合物、及び下記式(3)で表される、フェナジン構造とアゾベンゼン構造とを有する化合物からなる群から選択される2種類以上と、
ノニオン界面活性剤の1種類以上と
を含有する電解液を用いて電解することを特徴とする銅粉の製造方法。
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JP2016216761A (ja) | 2016-12-22 |
US10695830B2 (en) | 2020-06-30 |
CN107614156A (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
TW201639988A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
JP5907302B1 (ja) | 2016-04-26 |
CN107614156B (zh) | 2019-10-25 |
TWI565838B (zh) | 2017-01-11 |
EP3296041A4 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
US20180111190A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
KR20170137191A (ko) | 2017-12-12 |
EP3296041A1 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
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