WO2014042279A1 - 水産加工食品の製造方法及び水産加工食品改質用の酵素製剤 - Google Patents
水産加工食品の製造方法及び水産加工食品改質用の酵素製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014042279A1 WO2014042279A1 PCT/JP2013/075217 JP2013075217W WO2014042279A1 WO 2014042279 A1 WO2014042279 A1 WO 2014042279A1 JP 2013075217 W JP2013075217 W JP 2013075217W WO 2014042279 A1 WO2014042279 A1 WO 2014042279A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shrimp
- containing yeast
- processed
- iron
- glucose oxidase
- Prior art date
Links
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L17/40—Shell-fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L17/50—Molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L17/65—Addition of, or treatment with, microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a processed fishery product, which comprises adding a metal-containing yeast such as glucose oxidase and iron-containing yeast to the processed fishery product, and an enzyme preparation for modifying the processed fishery product.
- a metal-containing yeast such as glucose oxidase and iron-containing yeast
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-155153 discloses a shelf life of a food product by immersing the shrimp in a solution containing glycine, polymerized phosphate, glucose oxidase and the like without impairing the texture of the protein-based processed food such as shrimp.
- a method for extending the length is disclosed. However, this method is intended to improve the shelf life of foods using food preservatives, not to improve the quality of foods actively. It does not give a “feel” or “eating comfort”.
- 3591053 discloses a method in which frozen peeled shrimp are immersed in a trisodium phosphate solution and then immersed in a transglutaminase or sodium caseinate solution. Although this method is an excellent method, it is not sufficient for imparting "fibre feeling" to shrimp.
- Japanese Patent No. 4344294 is characterized in that it is immersed in an aqueous solution containing glucose, glucose oxidase and hydrogen peroxide-degrading enzyme, then immersed in an aqueous solution containing sodium bicarbonate and / or polymerized phosphate, then boiled and freeze-dried. A method for producing freeze-dried shrimp is disclosed.
- the object of the present invention is to use an alkaline agent such as a pH adjuster for processed fishery products to improve the yield, or to improve the yield of processed fishery products that have their own natural physical properties upon cold thawing. It is an object to provide a method for producing a processed fishery product and an enzyme preparation for modifying a processed fishery product that can be obtained only by a low-temperature and short-time reaction. In particular, for shrimp processed foods such as fried shrimp, it is intended to provide a method for maintaining the “fiber feeling” inside shrimp, and for suppressing processed physical properties after cold thawing in processed shell products such as northern shellfish. .
- the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by using a metal-containing yeast such as glucose oxidase and iron-containing yeast, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows. (1) A method for producing a processed fishery product, wherein glucose oxidase and a metal-containing yeast are added to a marine product raw material. (2) The method according to (1), further comprising adding an alkali agent. (3) The method according to (2), wherein the alkaline agent is calcium oxide. (4) The method according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein glucose is further added. (5) The method according to (1) to (4), wherein the metal-containing yeast is an iron-containing yeast.
- the seafood processed food of the present invention refers to food manufactured from marine raw materials such as fish, shellfish, shrimp, crab, octopus, squid, etc., and specifically includes seafood processed products such as shrimp and shellfish processed food It is.
- the shrimp processed food of the present invention include boiled shrimp, fried shrimp, shrimp tempura, shrimp cutlet and the like.
- frozen products, aseptic packaging products, retort products, dried products, and canned products using these are also included.
- the shrimp used as the raw material for the shrimp processed food of the present invention may be any kind of shrimp such as Banamei, Black Tiger, Pubaran, White, Pink.
- shellfish processed foods include Hokuyosekai and Akaikai.
- Glucose oxidase and metal-containing yeast are used in the method for producing a processed fish food and the enzyme preparation for modifying the processed fish food according to the present invention.
- Glucose oxidase catalyzes a reaction that produces gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide using glucose, oxygen, and water as substrates.
- the hydrogen peroxide generated by this reaction promotes the formation of SS bonds (disulfide bonds) by oxidizing the SH groups in the protein, and creates a crosslinked structure in the protein.
- Glucose oxidase is known to have various origins such as those derived from microorganisms such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and plants, but the enzyme used in the present invention may be any enzyme having this activity, Any one is acceptable. Moreover, it may be a recombinant enzyme.
- An example is a glucose oxidase derived from a microorganism marketed by Shin Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. under the trade name “Sumiteam PGO”. Although many commercially available products are mixed with catalase preparations, they may be mixed with other preparations as long as they have glucose oxidase activity.
- the metal-containing yeast of the present invention is obtained by giving zinc, calcium, chromium, selenium, copper, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, iodine, and iron as nutrients to the yeast, but zinc-containing yeast, magnesium-containing yeast, iron-containing Yeast is preferred, and iron-containing yeast is more preferred.
- the metal content in the metal-containing yeast of the present invention is 0.001 to 0.1 g, preferably 0.01 to 0.08 g, more preferably 0.04 to 0.06 g per 1 g of dry matter weight of the yeast.
- the shape of the metal-containing yeast may be any of powder, paste, and suspension, and may be viable or sterilized. Examples include iron-containing yeasts marketed by Seti Co., Ltd.
- the amount of glucose oxidase added is preferably 0.05 to 15 U, more preferably 0.1 to 13 U, per 1 g of marine product raw materials such as shellfish and shrimp. If it is lower than this range, a remarkable effect is not seen, and if it is high, the effect is not particularly changed and there is no cost advantage.
- glucose oxidase activity hydrogen peroxide is produced by allowing glucose oxidase to act in the presence of oxygen using glucose as a substrate, and peroxidase to act on the produced hydrogen peroxide in the presence of aminoantipyrine and phenol.
- the color tone exhibited by the produced quinoneimine dye is measured and quantified at a wavelength of 500 nm.
- the amount of enzyme required to oxidize 1 ⁇ mol of glucose per minute was defined as 1 U (unit).
- the addition amount of a metal-containing yeast such as iron-containing yeast is preferably 0.00003 g to 0.01 g in terms of dry matter weight per 1 g of seafood raw material such as shellfish and shrimp, 0.0001 ⁇ 0.005 g is more preferable. Further, 0.000002 to 0.2 g is preferable, and 0.0000067 to 0.1 g is more preferable in terms of dry matter weight per glucose oxidase.
- glucose-oxidase and metal-containing yeast such as iron-containing yeast may be added in any step of the production process.
- glucose oxidase and metal-containing yeast are added and acted on the raw material is not particularly limited, and may be added simultaneously or separately.
- it may be added to an immersion liquid in which shrimp is immersed for water absorption, or an enzyme may be added after the immersion and before the heating step.
- you may make it act by sprinkling an enzyme solution to the shrimp after a heating.
- the reaction time of glucose oxidase is not particularly limited as long as the enzyme can act on the substrate substance, and may be allowed to act for a very short time or conversely for a long time. 1 minute to 24 hours are preferable, 5 minutes to 24 hours are more preferable, and 5 minutes to 2 hours are more preferable.
- the reaction temperature may be any temperature as long as the enzyme maintains its activity, but it is preferable that the reaction temperature be 0 to 80 ° C. as a practical temperature. That is, sufficient reaction time can be obtained through a normal immersion / heating process.
- enzymes and substances such as transglutaminase may be used in combination.
- alkaline agents such as sodium bicarbonate, calcium oxide (calcined calcium), sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and phosphate.
- the addition amount of an alkali salt such as calcium oxide is preferably 0.00001 to 0.05 g, more preferably 0.0001 to 0.01 g per 1 g of marine raw material containing protein such as shrimp.
- the combined use with these substances does not require a two-step dipping or the like, and is also characterized in that an effect appears immediately after addition. Further, when glucose serving as a substrate for glucose oxidase is added, an effect can be obtained with a smaller amount of enzyme, so that the amount of enzyme added can be reduced. In particular, when using a marine product raw material having a low glucose content such as shrimp, addition of glucose is desirable.
- the amount of glucose added is 0.0001 to 0.05 g, preferably 0.001 to 0.03 g, more preferably 0.005 to 0.01 g, per 1 g of raw shrimp. .
- the amount of metal-containing yeast such as glucose oxidase and iron-containing yeast is more than 0% and less than 100%.
- the amount of the metal-containing yeast is preferably 0.000002 to 0.2 g, more preferably 0.0000067 to 0.1 g in terms of dry matter weight.
- cross-linking enzymes such as transglutaminase, glucose oxidase, ascorbate oxidase, polyphenol oxidase, lysyl oxidase, tyrosinase and other oxidizing enzymes, glucose, dextrin, starch, modified starch, reduced maltose and other excipients, plant proteins, gluten, Egg whites, gelatin, protein such as casein, sodium glutamate, animal extracts, seafood extracts, protein hydrolysates, protein hydrolysates, and other seasonings and protein ingredients, alkaline agents such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium oxide Agent), chelating agents such as gluconic acid and citrate, redox agents such as sodium ascorbate, glutathione and cysteine, alginic acid, citrus, oils and fats, pigments, acidulants, flavors, and other food additives. May be.
- the enzyme preparation of the present invention may be in any form of liquid, paste, granule
- FIG. 1 is a sensory evaluation result on the fiber feeling of boiled shrimp according to Example 2 of the present invention.
- the metal-containing yeast used was “chromium-containing yeast” (made by Seti Co., Ltd., chromium content 0.19% by weight), “calcium-containing yeast” (made by Seti Co., Ltd., calcium content 5% by weight) , “Copper-containing yeast” (manufactured by Setty Co., Ltd., copper content 0.9 wt%), “Selenium-containing yeast” (manufactured by Setty Co., Ltd., selenium content 0.09 wt%), “Manganese-containing yeast” (Manufactured by Setty Co., Ltd., manganese content 5% by weight), “Molybdenum-containing yeast” (Made by Seti Co., Ltd., molybdenum content 0.2% by weight), “Iodine-containing yeast” (produced by Seti Co., Ltd., iodine 1.5% by weight), “zinc-containing yeast” (manufactured by Setty Co., Ltd., zinc content
- the heating yield is a value obtained by dividing the shrimp weight after heating by the shrimp weight before immersion.
- the pH of the residual liquid after shrimp immersion was measured.
- the “fiber feeling” was evaluated in increments of 0.5 from 0 points to 5 points by sensory evaluation by five persons in charge. Below, the sensory score in the table means that 5 points are very good, 4 points are quite good, 3 points are good, 2 points are slightly bad, 1 point is bad, and the average score of 5 panelists It is.
- “Fibrous sensation” was defined as the intensity of stress felt in teeth that repeatedly and intermittently occurred over several layers when biting. The results are shown in Table 3. As shown in Table 3, when only GO was added at a rate of 0.308 U per gram of shrimp, “fiber feeling” was hardly improved at a low temperature of 4 ° C. for 5 minutes and a short tumbling time. When yeast containing zinc, magnesium, and iron was used in combination with the addition of GO alone, the “fiber feeling” was improved even at low temperature and for a short time. In particular, with respect to iron-containing yeast, the degree of improvement in fiber feeling was remarkable.
- Fibrous sensation, yield, and cost are all good A, fibre sensation is good, yield or cost is poor B, fibrosis is improved but the yield is still insufficient, A sample having good cost was designated as C, a yield was obtained, and a cost was good, but D was markedly poor in fiber feeling.
- the results are shown in Table 7.
- the additive-free # 1 test plot had a “feel of fibres” inherent in shrimp and was very excellent in texture, but the production cost was high because the yield was small.
- the calcined Ca and GO-added products in the # 2 test section improved the shrimp yield due to the action of alkali, but had a crisp texture due to the absorption of water.
- the baked Ca and GO and iron-containing yeast combined additive in the test sections of # 5 to # 11 were preferable because both the yield and the “fiber feeling” were compatible. Furthermore, these “fiber feeling” imparting effects can be sufficiently enhanced even when the reaction is performed at a low temperature for a short time, and continuous production can be performed at the production site.
- the yield in the test section # 12 was lower than that in the test section # 11. That is, even if iron-containing yeast was added in excess of 0.01 g per 1 g of shrimp, only an extra cost was required, and a better effect was not obtained. From these results, the amount of iron-containing yeast that can give a preferable “fiber feeling” while improving the yield is 0.00003 g to 0.01 g per 1 g of raw material shrimp.
- the test area where the effect of improving fiber feeling is confirmed is shown in gray, and among those test areas, the sensory evaluation score exceeding 3 points for the additive-free product which is the target fiber feeling equivalent to Tables 6 and 7 is marked with * Appeared.
- the results are shown in Table 9. It was found that the effect was high when the amount of GO added was 0.05 to 16 U per gram of marine raw material and the amount of iron-containing yeast added was 0.00003 g to 0.02 g per gram of raw shrimp. However, as in Table 7, GO and iron-containing yeast are not cost effective even if the addition amount is increased too much, and the added amount of GO is 0.05 U to 15 U per g shrimp, iron-containing yeast. It is sufficient that the amount of addition of 0.00003 g to 0.01 g is sufficient to provide a preferable “fiber feeling”.
Abstract
Description
エビ加工食品において、エビの歩留まり向上は製造コストに直結するために必須であり、歩留まり向上剤は良く使用されている。エビを加熱処理すると、ジューシー感が失われ、硬くボソボソ、パサパサとした食感に変化することが知られている。これらの問題点を解決するために、いくつかの試みが行われており、一般にはエビをリン酸塩やpH調整剤などのアルカリ剤で処理する方法が利用される。
特開2003−235520号公報には炭酸カリウム、酸化カルシウム、クエン酸三カリウム、クエン酸三ナトリウム、食塩、グルタミン酸ナトリウムおよび水を含有するエビ類用表面改良剤により食感を改良する方法が開示されている。しかし、こうしたアルカリ剤等による処理を行った場合、エビの「歩留まり」は大きく向上するものの、食感が水を吸ったぶよぶよとしたものになってしまい、エビ特有の物性である「線維感」(エビを噛み込んだ際に何層にもわたって繰り返し断続的に続く歯に感じる応力の強さ)が低下し、本来のエビの食感とは大きく異なるものとなってしまう。特にエビカツやエビフライなどエビ本来の食感が求められる食品においては、ぶよぶよした食感を改質する技術が大変重要となる。
特開昭63−44866号公報には魚肉等をグルコースとグルコースオキシダーゼ・カタラーゼ系酵素剤使用し魚肉等の退色防止方法が開示されているが、本方法は、色素の酸化防止・退色防止を目的とするものであり、食感改良について記載も示唆もない。
特開平7−155153号公報にはエビをグリシン、重合リン酸塩およびグルコースオキシダーゼ等を含む溶液に浸漬することにより、エビ等の蛋白質系加工食品の食感を損なうことなく、その食品のシェルフライフを延長させる方法が開示されている。しかしながら、この方法は食品保存剤を用いた食品の日持ち向上を目的とするもので、食品の品質を積極的に改良することを目的とするものではなく、エビの「硬さ」や、「線維感」、「食べごたえ」を付与するものではない。
特許第3591053号公報には冷凍剥きエビをリン酸三ナトリウム溶液に浸漬後、トランスグルタミナーゼ、カゼインナトリウム溶液に浸漬する方法が開示されている。この方法は優れた方法であるが、エビの「線維感」付与においては十分ではない。
特許第4344294号公報にはグルコース、グルコースオキシダーゼ及び過酸化水素分解酵素を含む水溶液に浸漬し、次いで重曹及び/又は重合リン酸塩を含む水溶液に浸漬した後、ボイル処理し冷凍乾燥することを特徴とする凍結乾燥エビの製造方法が開示されている。グルコースオキシダーゼにより生成する過酸化水素により、エビの蛋白構造が網目状に架橋される旨の記載があり、凍結乾燥エビのような熱湯により復元させるエビに関して、プリプリとした柔らかさと歯ごたえが共存したエビ食感を得られると記載されている。しかしながら、この方法は、即席麺の具材に用いられる凍結乾燥エビに関するものであり、凍結乾燥を行わず、浸漬後ボイルをして冷凍保存するような食品においての効果について記載されていない。
特開2003−61618号公報には金属ミネラル含有酵母が開示されており、鉄含有酵母については特開平5−176758号公報、特開2006−238878号公報等多くの報告がなされているが、いずれも、貧血改善等健康維持のためのものであり、特開2003−61618号公報、特開平5−176758号公報、特開2006−238878号公報には水産加工食品の食感改良方法についての開示はない。
本発明者等は、鋭意研究を行った結果、グルコースオキシダーゼ及び鉄含有酵母などの金属含有酵母を用いることにより、上記目的を達成し得ることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。即ち、本発明は以下の通りである。
(1)水産物原料に、グルコースオキシダーゼ及び金属含有酵母を添加することを特徴とする水産加工食品の製造方法。
(2)さらにアルカリ剤を添加することを特徴とする(1)記載の方法。
(3)アルカリ剤が酸化カルシウムである(2)記載の方法。
(4)さらにグルコースを添加することを特徴とする(1)乃至(3)記載の方法。
(5)金属含有酵母が鉄含有酵母である(1)乃至(4)記載の方法。
(6)グルコースオキシダーゼの添加量が水産物原料1g当たり0.05~15Uであり、鉄含有酵母の添加量が水産物原料1g当たり乾物重量で0.00003g~0.01gである(5)記載の方法。
(7)水産加工食品がエビ加工食品又は貝加工品である(1)乃至(6)記載の方法。
(8)グルコースオキシダーゼと金属含有酵母とを有効成分として含有する水産加工食品改質用の酵素製剤。
(9)さらにアルカリ剤を有効成分として含有する(8)記載の製剤。
(10)アルカリ剤が酸化カルシウムである(9)記載の製剤。
(11)さらにグルコースを有効成分として含有する(8)乃至(10)記載の製剤。
(12)金属含有酵母が鉄含有酵母である(8)乃至(11)記載の製剤。
(13)酵素製剤中の鉄含有酵母の量が該製剤中のグルコースオキシダーゼ1U当たり、乾物重量で0.000002~0.2gである(12)記載の製剤。
本発明によると、エビ、貝加工食品をはじめとした水産加工食品の食感を、低温、短時間の浸漬時間のみで向上することが出来る。エビ、貝加工食品においては長時間の反応をとることで、品質の良い製品を製造することも出来る。特にpH調整剤、リン酸塩処理したエビについて、歩留まりを維持しながら「線維感」を向上させることができる。
本発明の水産加工食品は、例えば、魚、貝類、エビ、カニ、タコ、イカ等の水産物原料より製造される食品を指し、具体的には、エビ、貝加工食品などの水産加工品が含まれる。
本発明のエビ加工食品として、ボイルエビ、エビフライ、エビ天、エビカツなどが挙げられる。また、これらを利用した冷凍品、無菌包装品、レトルト品、乾燥品、缶詰品も含まれる。本発明のエビ加工食品の原料となるエビは、バナメイ、ブラックタイガー、プーバラン、ホワイト、ピンク等どのような品種のエビでもよい。貝加工食品としては、北寄貝、赤貝などが挙げられる。生食用やボイル等加熱処理をした貝加工品であってもよい。
本発明による水産加工食品の製造方法及び水産加工食品改質用の酵素製剤には、グルコースオキシダーゼ及び金属含有酵母を用いる。グルコースオキシダーゼは、グルコース、酸素、水を基質としてグルコン酸と過酸化水素を生成する反応を触媒する。この反応により生成された過酸化水素は、蛋白質中のSH基を酸化することでSS結合(ジスルフィド結合)生成を促進し、蛋白質中に架橋構造を作る。グルコースオキシダーゼは、麹菌等微生物由来、植物由来のものなど種々の起源のものが知られているが、本発明で用いる酵素はこの活性を有している酵素であれば構わず、その起源としてはいずれのものでも構わない。また、組み換え酵素であっても構わない。「スミチームPGO」という商品名で新日本化学工業(株)より市販されている微生物由来のグルコースオキシダーゼが一例である。尚、カタラーゼ製剤と混合されている市販のものも多く見られるが、グルコースオキシダーゼ活性を有していれば、他の製剤との混合物であっても構わない。
本発明の金属含有酵母は、酵母に亜鉛、カルシウム、クロム、セレン、銅、マグネシウム、マンガン、モリブデン、ヨウ素、鉄を栄養源として与えたものであるが、亜鉛含有酵母、マグネシウム含有酵母、鉄含有酵母が好ましく、鉄含有酵母がより好ましい。本発明の金属含有酵母における金属含有量は、酵母の乾物重量1gあたり0.001~0.1g、好ましくは0.01~0.08g、より好ましくは0.04~0.06gである。金属含有酵母の形状は、粉末状、ペースト状、懸濁液状のいずれでもよく、生菌のままでも、殺菌したものでもよい。セティ(株)より「金属含有酵母」というカテゴリー名で市販されている鉄含有酵母や特開平5−176758号公報、特開2006−238878号公報に記載されている鉄含有酵母が一例である。
本発明の水産加工食品の製造方法において、グルコースオキシダーゼの添加量は、貝類、エビ等の水産物原料1g当たり0.05~15Uが好ましく、0.1~13Uがより好ましい。この範囲より低いと顕著な効果が見られず、高い場合では、効果は特に変わらず、コスト上メリットがない。尚、グルコースオキシダーゼ活性については、グルコースを基質として、酸素存在下でグルコースオキシダーゼを作用させることで過酸化水素を生成させ、生成した過酸化水素にアミノアンチピリン及びフェノール存在下でペルオキシダーゼを作用させることで生成したキノンイミン色素が呈する色調を、波長500nmで測定し定量する。1分間に1μmolのグルコースを酸化するのに必要な酵素量を1U(ユニット)と定義した。
本発明の水産加工食品の製造方法において、鉄含有酵母等金属含有酵母の添加量は、貝類、エビ等の水産物原料1g当たり、乾物重量換算で0.00003g~0.01gが好ましく、0.0001~0.005gがより好ましい。また、グルコースオキシダーゼ1U当たり乾物重量換算で0.000002~0.2gが好ましく、0.0000067~0.1gがより好ましい。
本発明の水産加工食品の製造方法において、グルコースオキシダーゼ及び鉄含有酵母等金属含有酵母は、製造工程のどの工程で添加してもよい。また、グルコースオキシダーゼ、金属含有酵母を原料に添加・作用させる順序は特に問わず、同時に添加してもよいし、別々に添加してもよい。例えば、エビ加工食品の場合、吸水のためにエビを浸漬させる浸漬液に添加してもよいし、浸漬後、加熱工程前に酵素を添加してもよい。また、加熱後のエビに酵素溶液を振りかける等して作用させてもよい。
グルコースオキシダーゼの反応時間は、酵素が基質物質に作用することが可能な時間であれば特に構わず、非常に短い時間でも逆に長時間作用させても構わないが、現実的な作用時間としては1分~24時間が好ましく、5分~24時間がより好ましく、5分~2時間がさらに好ましい。また、反応温度に関しても酵素が活性を保つ範囲であればどの温度であっても構わないが、現実的な温度としては0~80℃で作用させることが好ましい。すなわち、通常の浸漬・加熱工程を経ることで十分な反応時間が得られる。
グルコースオキシダーゼ、金属含有酵母の他に、トランスグルタミナーゼ等の酵素や物質を併用しても構わない。特に、重曹、酸化カルシウム(焼成カルシウム)、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、リン酸塩などのアルカリ剤と同時に使用することにより歩留まりを向上させながら、食品本来の食感を維持することが可能となる。酸化カルシウム等のアルカリ塩の添加量は、エビ等蛋白質を含有する水産物原料1g当たり0.00001~0.05gが好ましく、0.0001~0.01gがより好ましい。これらの物質との併用には2段階浸漬等は必要なく、添加してすぐに効果が出現することも特徴である。また、グルコースオキシダーゼの基質となるグルコースを添加すると、より少ない酵素量で効果が得られるので、酵素の添加量を低減することができる。特に、エビ等グルコ−ス含量の少ない水産物原料を用いる場合、グルコースの添加が望ましい。例えば、エビ加工食品の場合、グルコースの添加量は、原料エビ1gに対し、0.0001~0.05g、好ましくは0.001~0.03g、より好ましくは0.005~0.01gである。
本発明の水産加工食品改質用の酵素製剤は、グルコースオキシダーゼ及び鉄含有酵母等の金属含有酵母の配合量が、0%より多く、100%より少ないが、グルコースオキシダーゼ1U当たりの鉄含有酵母等金属含有酵母の量は、乾物重量で0.000002~0.2gが好ましく、0.0000067~0.1gがより好ましい。さらに、トランスグルタミナーゼ等の架橋酵素、グルコースオキシダーゼ、アスコルビン酸オキシダーゼ、ポリフェノールオキシダーゼ、リジルオキシダーゼ、チロシナーゼ等の酸化酵素、グルコース、デキストリン、澱粉、加工澱粉、還元麦芽糖等の賦形剤、植物蛋白、グルテン、卵白、ゼラチン、カゼイン等の蛋白質、グルタミン酸ナトリウム、動物エキス、魚介エキス、蛋白加水分解物、蛋白部分分解物等の調味料や蛋白質原料、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、酸化カルシウムなどのアルカリ剤(pH調整剤)、グルコン酸、クエン酸塩等のキレート剤、アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、グルタチオン、システイン等の酸化還元剤、アルギン酸、かんすい、油脂、色素、酸味料、香料等その他の食品添加物等を添加混合してもよい。本発明の酵素製剤は液体状、ペースト状、顆粒状、粉末状のいずれの形態でも構わない。
北寄貝の殻をむき、各試験区100gずつ計量後、パウチへ充填し表10の試験区にて各添加素材を粉のまま添加した。その後手もみで混合し、脱気真空をかけたのちに18時間冷蔵保管した。冷蔵保管後急速冷凍機(−40℃)にて急速冷凍をかけたのち、解凍し生食喫食前提の北寄貝とし、内部の硬さ(エビでいう内部の線維感と同等)に関して官能評価を行った。官能評価はA:改質効果大きく大変好ましい、B:改質効果あり好ましい、C:改質効果小さく好ましくない、D:改質効果なしとして担当者3名にて評価した。
Claims (13)
- 水産物原料に、グルコースオキシダーゼ及び金属含有酵母を添加することを特徴とする水産加工食品の製造方法。
- さらにアルカリ剤を添加することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。
- アルカリ剤が酸化カルシウムである請求の範囲第2項記載の方法。
- さらにグルコースを添加することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項乃至第3項記載の方法。
- 金属含有酵母が鉄含有酵母である請求の範囲第1項乃至第4項記載の方法。
- グルコースオキシダーゼの添加量が水産物原料1g当たり0.05~15Uであり、鉄含有酵母の添加量が水産物原料1g当たり乾物重量で0.00003g~0.01gである請求の範囲第5項記載の方法。
- 水産加工食品がエビ加工食品又は貝加工品である請求の範囲第1項乃至第6項記載の方法。
- グルコースオキシダーゼと金属含有酵母とを有効成分として含有する水産加工食品改質用の酵素製剤。
- さらにアルカリ剤を有効成分として含有する請求の範囲第8項記載の製剤。
- アルカリ剤が酸化カルシウムである請求の範囲第9項記載の製剤。
- さらにグルコースを有効成分として含有する請求の範囲第8項乃至第10項記載の製剤。
- 金属含有酵母が鉄含有酵母である請求の範囲第8項乃至第11項記載の製剤。
- 酵素製剤中の鉄含有酵母の量が該製剤中のグルコースオキシダーゼ1U当たり、乾物重量で0.000002~0.2gである請求の範囲第12項記載の製剤。
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JP2014535625A JP6187467B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 | 2013-09-11 | 水産加工食品の製造方法及び水産加工食品改質用の酵素製剤 |
CN201380046761.4A CN104602546B (zh) | 2012-09-12 | 2013-09-11 | 水产加工食品的制造方法和水产加工食品改性用的酶制剂 |
EP13837400.4A EP2896303B1 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2013-09-11 | Method for producing processed aquatic food and enzyme preparation for modifying property of processed aquatic food |
SG11201501896WA SG11201501896WA (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2013-09-11 | For producing processed aquatic food and enzyme preparation for modifying property of processed aquatic food |
MX2015003159A MX369408B (es) | 2012-09-12 | 2013-09-11 | Metodo para producir alimento acuatico procesado y preparacion de enzima para modificar las propiedades del alimento acuatico procesado. |
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BR112015005203A BR112015005203B8 (pt) | 2012-09-12 | 2013-09-11 | método para produzir frutos do mar processados, e, preparação de uma enzima para modificar a propriedade de frutos do mar processados |
ES13837400T ES2714931T3 (es) | 2012-09-12 | 2013-09-11 | Procedimiento para producir un alimento acuático elaborado y preparación enzimática para modificar una propiedad del alimento acuático elaborado |
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WO2016136904A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-01 | 味の素株式会社 | チーズの製造方法及びチーズ改質用の製剤 |
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CN110367480A (zh) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-25 | 福建冠丰生物科技有限公司 | 一种可即食小黄鱼风味食品及其制备方法 |
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WO2016136904A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-01 | 味の素株式会社 | チーズの製造方法及びチーズ改質用の製剤 |
JP2016202067A (ja) * | 2015-04-22 | 2016-12-08 | オリエンタル酵母工業株式会社 | 肉類及び魚介類の品質向上剤、並びに肉類及び魚介類の品質向上方法 |
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CN104602546A (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
EP2896303A4 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
BR112015005203B1 (pt) | 2020-06-16 |
JPWO2014042279A1 (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
MY164327A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
US20150181920A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
EP2896303B1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
EP2896303A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
BR112015005203A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
MX2015003159A (es) | 2015-07-14 |
ES2714931T3 (es) | 2019-05-30 |
SG11201501896WA (en) | 2015-05-28 |
CA2883858C (en) | 2020-09-29 |
CA2883858A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
CN104602546B (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
JP6187467B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
MX369408B (es) | 2019-11-07 |
BR112015005203B8 (pt) | 2020-07-14 |
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