WO2006030618A1 - 電子写真用感光体 - Google Patents
電子写真用感光体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006030618A1 WO2006030618A1 PCT/JP2005/015547 JP2005015547W WO2006030618A1 WO 2006030618 A1 WO2006030618 A1 WO 2006030618A1 JP 2005015547 W JP2005015547 W JP 2005015547W WO 2006030618 A1 WO2006030618 A1 WO 2006030618A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrophotographic photoreceptor
- photoreceptor according
- resin
- oil
- Prior art date
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- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/147—Cover layers
- G03G5/14708—Cover layers comprising organic material
- G03G5/14713—Macromolecular material
- G03G5/14747—Macromolecular material obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G5/14773—Polycondensates comprising silicon atoms in the main chain
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0503—Inert supplements
- G03G5/0507—Inorganic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0503—Inert supplements
- G03G5/051—Organic non-macromolecular compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0503—Inert supplements
- G03G5/051—Organic non-macromolecular compounds
- G03G5/0514—Organic non-macromolecular compounds not comprising cyclic groups
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0557—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
- G03G5/0567—Other polycondensates comprising oxygen atoms in the main chain; Phenol resins
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0557—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
- G03G5/0578—Polycondensates comprising silicon atoms in the main chain
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/147—Cover layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/147—Cover layers
- G03G5/14704—Cover layers comprising inorganic material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/147—Cover layers
- G03G5/14708—Cover layers comprising organic material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/147—Cover layers
- G03G5/14708—Cover layers comprising organic material
- G03G5/14713—Macromolecular material
- G03G5/14747—Macromolecular material obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G5/1476—Other polycondensates comprising oxygen atoms in the main chain; Phenol resins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor (hereinafter also simply referred to as “photoreceptor”), and more particularly to an electrophotographic apparatus used in an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic printer, a copying machine, and a facsimile.
- the present invention relates to a photoreceptor.
- An electrophotographic photoreceptor has a basic structure in which a photosensitive layer is provided on a conductive substrate.
- organic electrophotographic photoconductors using organic photoconductive substances can be designed in various ways with no pollution, low cost, and increased flexibility in material selection. From this point of view, many have been proposed and put into practical use.
- the photosensitive layer of an organic photoreceptor is mainly composed of a layer in which an organic photoconductive substance is dispersed in a resin.
- a layer in which a charge generating substance is dispersed in a resin (charge generating layer) and a charge transporting substance are dispersed in the resin.
- Many structures have been proposed, such as a laminated structure (charge transport layer) and a single layer structure in which a charge generation material and a charge transport material are dispersed in a resin.
- an electrophotographic photoreceptor is required to have sensitivity, electrical characteristics, and optical characteristics required for an electrophotographic process to be operated. Furthermore, for photoreceptors that are used repeatedly, the outermost layer of the photoreceptor, i.e., the layer with the most conductive substrate strength, is subjected to corona charging, toner development, transfer to paper, cleaning treatment, etc. Since electrical and mechanical external forces are directly applied, durability against them is required. Specifically, durability against surface wear and scratches due to rubbing with other members, and surface degradation due to ozone generated during corona charging is required. In particular, since the life of an electrophotographic photosensitive member is largely due to surface abrasion, it is required to suppress surface film abrasion.
- toner adhesion filming
- a lubricating component is added to the surface layer of the photoconductor to improve the surface lubricity and reduce the adhesion of the toner to the surface to prevent toner adhesion. Attempts have been made to reduce filming.
- a liquid lubricant is used, the sustainability of effects due to repeated use is poor.
- a solid lubricant there are problems with the dispersibility and stability of the coating liquid.
- Patent Document 1 discloses excellent abrasion resistance during repeated use, and at the same time, the surface energy of the photoreceptor can be reduced.
- an electrophotographic photoconductor is described in which a predetermined amount of a predetermined silicone oil is added to the photosensitive layer.
- surface oil lubricity can be obtained by dispersing silicone oil in the photosensitive layer, but silicone oil segregates on the surface of the photoconductor, making it difficult to maintain lubricity during repeated use. And its durability was not enough.
- a microcapsule is a microcapsule having a size on the order of micrometers.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a phthalocyanine-based photoconductive material in order to improve durability, ozone resistance, and moisture resistance without impairing sensitivity.
- An electrophotographic material is described in which a powder and a sensitizer are microencapsulated with a resin and added to the photoelectric layer! Speak.
- Patent Document 3 when forming a color image using photosensitive microcapsules containing color toner, the sensitivity is controlled by attaching different amounts of light scattering materials to each photosensitive microcapsule. It is stated that an image with color reproducibility faithful to the original image can be obtained by doing so.
- Patent Document 4 discloses that the outermost surface layer of the photoconductor contains an antiwear material treated with a predetermined grease, preferably in a microcapsule state, so that the wear resistance of the photoconductor surface is increased. There is a description that the residual potential can be lowered while improving the resistance.
- Patent Document 5 describes a release carrier containing a binder resin and a release agent as core materials on the surface of a developer carrier that carries a one-component developer (toner).
- a release carrier containing a binder resin and a release agent as core materials on the surface of a developer carrier that carries a one-component developer (toner).
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-10-171135 (Claims)
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-60-256149 (Claims)
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-3848 (Claims)
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-290295 (Claims)
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-305171 (Claims)
- an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, so that it has excellent lubricity, has a surface that is difficult to be scraped and hardly scratches, and further has image defects due to filming or the like.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a highly durable electrophotographic photosensitive member that can prevent the occurrence of toner and has good toner separation.
- the outermost layer means a layer constituting the outer surface of the photoreceptor, which is farthest from the conductive substrate.
- the photosensitive layer includes both a stacked type in which a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer are stacked, or a single layer type including a charge generation material and a charge transport material.
- microcapsules containing lubricating oil are lubricating oil. Including those in which the capsules are encapsulated by microcapsules and those that are adsorbed or impregnated in the microcapsules.
- a microcapsule in which lubricating oil is included in the outermost layer of the photoreceptor is used.
- simply adding a general liquid lubricating oil to the layer will cause the lubricating oil to be biased to the surface, so although it has good initial lubrication, If the shaving is removed, the lubricating oil will disappear and the lubricity cannot be maintained.
- the lubricating oil can be dispersed not only to the outermost surface of the photoreceptor but also to the inside. It is possible to maintain stability stably.
- the wear resistance can be improved to reduce surface abrasion, which can contribute to a longer life of the photoreceptor. Furthermore, since the surface energy is small, it can be expected that the toner adheres to the surface of the photoreceptor. Furthermore, the occurrence of filming can be prevented, which can be said to be extremely effective for improving the surface properties of the photoreceptor.
- FIG. 1 (a) to (e) are schematic cross-sectional views showing a structural example of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, and (a) and (b) are negatively charged.
- 2 shows the structure of a functional separation type photoreceptor
- (c) shows the structure of a positive charge function separation type photoreceptor
- (d) and (e) show the construction of a positively charged single layer type photoreceptor.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing an evaluation apparatus for printing durability in Examples.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a frictional resistance measuring device (surface property measuring device) in an example.
- the photosensitive layer in Figs. 1 (a) and (b) is a negatively charged plate in which the charge generation layer 3 and the charge transport layer 4 are laminated in this order, and the photosensitive layer in Fig. 1 (c) has an opposite charge.
- the transport layer 4 and the charge generation layer 3 are stacked in this order, and the photosensitive layer 6 shown in FIGS. 1 (d) and 1 (e) is a positively charged type mainly as a single layer type.
- the surface protective layer physically and chemically protects the surface of the photosensitive layer, and in the case of the laminated type shown in FIG. In the case of the outer layer, in the case of the reverse stack type in FIG.
- the outermost layer is provided in the upper layer of the charge generation layer 3, and in the case of the single layer type in FIG. The outermost layer.
- the outermost layer described here includes the case where the outermost layer containing the charge transport material is provided.
- the outermost layer of the photoreceptor contains microcapsules enclosing lubricating oil. Therefore, for example, in the case of the layer configuration shown in FIG. 1 (a), the charge transport layer 4 is formed. In the case of the layer configuration shown in FIGS. 1 (b), (c), and (e), the surface protective layer 5 is formed.
- the single-layer type photosensitive layer 6 is the outermost layer of the photoreceptor, and each of these layers contains microcapsules enclosing the lubricating oil according to the present invention.
- the material of the microcapsule according to the present invention may be either inorganic or organic.
- inorganic porous particles can be preferably used, and hollow inorganic porous particles are particularly preferable. This is because hollow inorganic porous particles can contain more lubricating oil.
- porous silica particles are preferably used.
- a method of encapsulating lubricating oil in such microcapsules made of inorganic porous particles that is, as a method of microcapsules, for example, from Washin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. and Suzuki Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.
- a method in which a commercially available porous silica particle is impregnated with a lubricating oil while stirring is preferred.
- About 1 to 10 m can be used, and preferably about 0.3 to 5 111. If the particle size is too large, the layer surface force may protrude when the contained layer is thin, and the surface property may be impaired. On the other hand, if the particle size is too small, the amount of addition needs to be increased in order to obtain the desired lubricity, resulting in poor efficiency.
- the lubricating oil used in the present invention is not particularly limited! /, But silicone oil and fluorine oil are preferred. Specifically, silicone oils include dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenol silicone oil, and fluorine oil. Is preferably a fluoroether oil.
- the lubricating oil force contained in the microcapsule is dissolved in the solvent used in the coating liquid when forming the outermost layer, it is said that the microcapsule is encapsulated. If there is a part that is not completely covered with the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil dissolves in the solvent, the lubricating oil segregates on the surface when the outermost layer is applied and dried. The effect will be reduced. Therefore, it is preferable that the lubricating oil does not dissolve in the coating solution for forming the outermost layer.
- those that do not dissolve in the chlorine-based solvent, ketone-based solvent, alcohol-based solvent, ether-based solvent, and aromatic-based solvent used in the coating solution for forming the outermost layer are preferable.
- those which are not soluble in methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane or the like are preferable.
- silicone oil or fluorine oil can be preferably used.
- fluorine oil is effective because there is almost no solvent to dissolve.
- the conductive substrate 1 serves as a support for each of the other layers as well as serving as an electrode of the photoreceptor, and can be any of cylindrical, plate, and film, and may be made of aluminum, stainless steel, nickel. It may be a metal such as glass, or glass or grease that has been subjected to a conductive treatment.
- the undercoat layer 2 is also a layer mainly composed of a resin and an acid film such as alumite, which prevents injection of unnecessary charges from the conductive substrate to the photosensitive layer, covers defects on the substrate surface, It is provided as necessary for the purpose of improving the adhesion of the photosensitive layer.
- the resin binder used for the subbing layer 2 mainly composed of resin includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylic resin, chlorinated resin resin, acetic acid resin resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, and polyester resin. Fats, melamine resin, silicone resin, polypropylene resin, polyamide resin and copolymers thereof can be used in appropriate combination.
- metal oxide fine particles or the like may be contained in the resin binder. For example, SiO, TiO, In 2 O, or ZrO can be used as the metal oxide fine particles.
- the thickness of the undercoat layer 2 depends on the composition of the undercoat layer 2 but is repeatedly used repeatedly. Can be set as long as the residual potential is not adversely affected. In addition, it is possible not to provide the undercoat layer 2 in the layer configuration shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and (b).
- the charge generation layer 3 is formed by vacuum-depositing an organic photoconductive substance or applying a material in which particles of an organic photoconductive substance are dispersed in a resin binder, and receives light. To generate a charge.
- the injection efficiency of the generated charges into the charge transport layer 4 is important at the same time as the charge generation efficiency is high, and it is desirable that the injection be good even in a low electric field with little electric field dependency.
- the charge generation layer 3 since the charge generation layer 3 only needs to have a charge generation function, its film thickness is determined by the light absorption coefficient of the charge generation material and is generally 5 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1 ⁇ m or less. It is.
- the charge generation layer 3 can also be used with a charge generation material as a main component and a charge transport material added thereto.
- a charge generation material phthalocyanine pigments, azo pigments, anthrone thromnes pigments, perylene pigments, perinone pigments, squarylium pigments, thiapyrylium pigments, quinacridone pigments, etc. can be used, and these pigments can be used in appropriate combinations. Good.
- the phthalocyanine pigment, metal-free phthalocyanine, copper Futaroshia - down, Chita - even Le phthalocyanine preferred tool X-type metal-free phthalocyanine, tau-type non-metals phthalocyanine, epsilon-type copper phthalocyanine, / 3-inch titanium -Ruphthalocyanine, ⁇ -type titanium phthalocyanine, and Cu-Ka:
- X-ray diffraction spectrum described in JP-A-2004-2874 are preferably tital phthalocyanine having a maximum peak at a Bragg angle 20 of 9.6 ° .
- the resin binder used in the charge generation layer 3 includes polycarbonate resin, polyester resin resin, polyamide resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, polypropylene resin, and salt vinyl copolymer. Further, phenoxy resin, silicone resin, methacrylate ester resin and copolymers thereof can be used in appropriate combination.
- the charge transport layer 4 is a coating film made of a material in which a charge transport material is dispersed in a resin binder.
- the charge transport layer 4 retains the charge of the photoconductor as an insulator layer in a dark place. It exerts the function of transporting charges injected from.
- polycarbonate resin polyester resin, polystyrene resin, methacrylic acid ester polymer and copolymer can be used in appropriate combination. It is.
- the thickness of the charge transport layer 4 is preferably 3 to 50 / ⁇ ⁇ , more preferably 10 to 40 ⁇ m in order to maintain a practically effective surface potential.
- charge transport layers 4 may contain an electron accepting material as necessary for the purpose of improving sensitivity, reducing residual potential, or reducing characteristic fluctuations during repeated use.
- electron acceptors include succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, dibromosuccinic anhydride, anhydrous phthalic acid, 3--trophthalic anhydride, 4-trophthalic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid, trimellit
- examples include compounds having a large electron affinity such as acid, trimellitic anhydride, phthalimide, 4-trophthalimide, tetracyanoethylene, tetracyanosinodimethane, chlorael, bromale, and 0-trobenzoic acid.
- the charge transport layer 4 may contain an anti-degradation agent such as an anti-oxidation agent or a light stabilizer for the purpose of improving environmental resistance and stability against harmful light.
- the compounds used for such purposes include chromanol derivatives such as tocopherols and ester compounds, polyarylalkane compounds, hydroquinone derivatives, etherified compounds, diether compounds, benzophenone derivatives, benzotriazole derivatives, thioether compounds. , Phenylenediamine derivatives, phosphonic acid esters, phosphite esters, phenol compounds, hindered phenol compounds, linear amine compounds, cyclic amine compounds, hindered amine compounds, and the like.
- the microcapsules in which the lubricating oil according to the present invention is encapsulated in the charge transport layer 4 It is necessary to contain.
- the content of the microcapsule can be about 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 2%, of the solid content of the charge transport layer. About 0% by weight. If the content is too small, a sufficient effect of improving lubricity cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content is too large, the original performance of the charge transport layer may be impaired.
- the single-layer type photosensitive layer 6 is a coating film made of a material in which a charge generating substance and a charge transporting substance are dispersed in a resin binder.
- the charge generating layer 3 and the charge transporting layer 4 It is possible to use the same materials as used in the above.
- the film thickness is preferably 3 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 40 ⁇ m, in order to maintain a practically effective surface potential.
- the photosensitive layer 6 contains an electron-accepting substance as necessary, as in the case of the charge transport layer 4, for the purpose of improving sensitivity, reducing residual potential, or reducing characteristic fluctuations during repeated use.
- the electron acceptor include succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, dibromosuccinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, 3--trophthalic anhydride, 4-trophthalic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid, trimellit
- examples include compounds with high electron affinity such as acid, trimellitic anhydride, phthalimide, 4--trophthalimide, tetracyanoethylene, tetracyanosinodimethane, chloranil, bromyl, and 0-12 trobenzoic acid. .
- an anti-degradation agent such as an antioxidant or a light stabilizer is added. It can also be included.
- Compounds used for such purposes include chromanol derivatives such as tocopherol and etherified compounds, esterified compounds, polyarylalkane compounds, hydroquinone derivatives, dietherified compounds, benzophenone derivatives, benzotriazole derivatives, thioether compounds, Examples include phenol-diamine derivatives, phosphonate esters, phosphites, phenol compounds, hindered phenol compounds, linear amine compounds, cyclic amine compounds, and hindered amine compounds.
- the photosensitive layer 6 contains a leveling agent such as silicone oil or fluorine-based oil in the same manner as the charge transport layer 4 for the purpose of improving the leveling property of the formed film. Let's do it.
- a leveling agent such as silicone oil or fluorine-based oil in the same manner as the charge transport layer 4 for the purpose of improving the leveling property of the formed film. Let's do it.
- the photosensitive layer 6 when the photosensitive layer 6 is the outermost layer, in order to maintain the lubricity after repeated use, the photosensitive layer 6 contains microcapsules containing the lubricating oil according to the present invention.
- the content of the microcapsules can be about 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably about 1 to 20% by weight, based on the solid content of the photosensitive layer 6. Too little content In such a case, sufficient lubricity cannot be improved. On the other hand, if the amount is too large, the intrinsic performance of the photosensitive layer may be impaired.
- the urethane resin preferably contains a fluorine-containing polyol.
- Urethane resin generally has high surface energy, so it is easy for filming to occur when toner adheres, but when cured with a fluorine-containing polyol, surface energy can be reduced and filming occurs. Hard to do.
- urethane resin has the advantage of being difficult to scrape due to its high toughness.
- the compound shown in (4-4) is also suitable.
- the hardened cyanate ester hardened material has high hardness and high strength, so it is difficult to scratch. Further, since the surface energy is small because of the symmetrical structure, there is an advantage that there is little filming that is difficult for toner to adhere.
- These cyanate esters may contain, as a catalyst, organometallic compounds such as zinc octylate, tin octylate, zinc acetylacetone, iron acetylacetone, dibutyltin dimaleate, salt-aluminum, tin chloride, salt It is more effective to add metal salts such as zinc and amines such as triethylenediamine and dimethylbenzylamine as necessary.
- curable resins can be used as a diluent solvent for the coating solution mainly because alcohol solvents such as methanol can be used, so that the solvent is less effective in dissolving the surface of the underlying photosensitive layer. It is.
- these curable resin may be used alone or mixed with other curable resin and is not particularly limited.
- the reinforcing filler used in the present invention include inorganic fibers (wiss force), organic fibers, crosslinked acrylic resin fine particles, crosslinked polystyrene fine particles, high molecular weight polyethylene fine particles, polyimide fine particles, or methyl silicone resin. Fine particles are effective, but are not limited to these.
- metal oxide fine particles, metal fine particles, polymer fine particles coated with a conductive material, or a charge transport material may be used as the conductivity adjusting agent to be added to the surface protective layer 5. it can.
- the content of the microcapsules in the surface protective layer 5 can be about 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably solid content of the surface protective layer 5 About 5 to 15% by weight. If the content is too small, a sufficient effect of improving lubricity cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content is too large, the original performance of the surface protective layer may be impaired.
- part means “part by weight”.
- Lubricating oil using TSF451 (dimethylsilicone oil, manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.) is microcapsule A, and J25 FLUID (fluoroether oil, manufactured by NOK Corporation) is used as microcapsule.
- TSF451 dimethylsilicone oil, manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.
- J25 FLUID fluoroether oil, manufactured by NOK Corporation
- SX866 (A) (hollow granular cross-linked polystyrene, particle size ⁇ 0.3 m) manufactured by JSR Corporation was prepared by impregnating various lubricating oils.
- Microcapsule E is made using TSF451 (dimethyl silicone oil, manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.) as a lubricating oil, and microphone mouth capsule is made using J25 FLUID (fluoroether oil, manufactured by NOK Co., Ltd.).
- TSF451 dimethyl silicone oil, manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.
- J25 FLUID fluoroether oil, manufactured by NOK Co., Ltd.
- R 4 CH compound (specific example (1 1))) 75 parts and acid anhydride as a curing agent (product
- R 8 CH (specific example (2-1))) 75 parts and acid anhydride as a curing agent (product
- a drum photoreceptor ( ⁇ 30 mm) was prepared for evaluation of electrical characteristics.
- an undercoat layer dispersion of the following composition was dip-coated on an aluminum tube, dried at 100 ° C for 30 minutes, and the solvent was removed to form an undercoat layer with a thickness of 3 IX m. .
- Resin binder Alcohol-soluble nylon (CM8000, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) 5 parts
- Additives Aminosilane-treated acid titanium fine particles 5 parts
- Solvent Methanol Z methylene chloride mixed solvent (6/4 (volume ratio)) 90 Part [0072]
- a charge generation layer dispersion having the following composition was applied by dip coating and dried at 100 ° C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent to form a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.3 m. .
- Charge generation material Titanium phthalocyanine 11 parts
- Resin binder Salt-bulu copolymer resin (MR-110, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) 1 part
- Solvent Methylene chloride 98 parts
- a charge transport layer solution having the following composition was dip coated and dried at 100 ° C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent and form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
- Charge transport material hydrazone compound (CTC191, manufactured by Takasago Fragrance Co., Ltd.) 9 parts
- Charge transport material butadiene compound (T405, manufactured by Takasago Fragrance Co., Ltd.) 1 part
- Resin binder Bisphenol A type polycarbonate polycarbonate resin
- a surface protective layer dispersion having the following composition was applied by dip coating, dried at 80 ° C for 30 minutes, and further at 110 ° C for 1 hour to remove the solvent, and the film thickness was 4 m. A surface protective layer was formed.
- Fatty binder solution Fatty binder solution A (Preparation example 4) 235. 2 parts
- Microcapsule containing lubricating oil Microcapsule A (Preparation example 1) 20 parts
- Conductivity regulator Tin oxide
- Example 1 The combination of the resin binder solution A and the micro force Psel A in the surface protective layer dispersion composition of Example 1 and the blending amount of tin oxide as a conductivity adjuster were changed as shown in Table 1 below, In addition, a photoconductor for electrophotography was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the drying condition was changed to 80 ° CZ30 minutes + 110 ° CZl as shown in Table 1 below. [0076] (Examples 15 and 16)
- Example 2 For electrophotography in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 7 parts of dimethyl silicone oil (TSF451, manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone) was added to the surface protective layer dispersion of Example 1 instead of Microcapsule A. A photoconductor was prepared.
- TSF451 dimethyl silicone oil
- TSF451 manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone
- Example 11 D 160 A 20 30 ⁇ 120/1 hour
- Example 12 E 415 A 6 9 ⁇ 90 to 1 hour
- Example 13 F
- the printing durability was evaluated by simulating a real machine and around the photosensitive drum (photoconductor) 10 with a urethane cleaning blade 11, toner box 12 and toner charging roller manufactured by Hokushin Kogyo Co., Ltd. It carried out using the apparatus formed by arranging 13 respectively. Specifically, the cleaning blade 11 is brought into contact with the photosensitive drum 10 at a pressure contact angle of 25 °, the photosensitive drum 10 is rotated at a rotational speed of 2 lOrpm (100,000 rotations), and the film of the surface of the photosensitive drum 10 is removed by the cleaning blade 11 The amount was evaluated and used as an index of printing durability.
- Reference numeral 14 in FIG. 2 denotes a magnetic one-component toner.
- Example 14 0.6 0.6 0.5 to
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112005001471T DE112005001471T5 (de) | 2004-08-30 | 2005-08-26 | Elektrophotographischer Photorezeptor |
US11/661,204 US7862968B2 (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2005-08-26 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
KR1020077002808A KR101172558B1 (ko) | 2004-08-30 | 2005-08-26 | 전자 사진용 감광체 |
CN2005800283565A CN101065712B (zh) | 2004-08-30 | 2005-08-26 | 电子照相光受体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004250252 | 2004-08-30 | ||
JP2004-250252 | 2004-08-30 | ||
JP2004365572A JP2006099035A (ja) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-12-17 | 電子写真用感光体 |
JP2004-365572 | 2004-12-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006030618A1 true WO2006030618A1 (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
Family
ID=36059873
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/015547 WO2006030618A1 (ja) | 2004-08-30 | 2005-08-26 | 電子写真用感光体 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7862968B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2006099035A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101172558B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101065712B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112005001471T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006030618A1 (ja) |
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EP2098913A1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-09-09 | Xerox Corporation | Photoconductive member |
EP2098912A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-09 | Xerox Corporation | Self-healing photoconductive member |
EP2138225A2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-30 | Xerox Corporation | Method for treating microcapsules for use in imaging member |
JP2010014793A (ja) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-01-21 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 像保持体装置及び画像形成装置 |
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JP4498959B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-16 | 2010-07-07 | 出光興産株式会社 | 電子写真感光体 |
JPWO2006098351A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-16 | 2008-08-28 | 出光興産株式会社 | 電子写真感光体 |
JP4696951B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-15 | 2011-06-08 | 富士電機システムズ株式会社 | 電子写真用感光体 |
JP5108246B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-05 | 2012-12-26 | 東海ゴム工業株式会社 | 接着性シール部材およびこれを用いた燃料電池 |
JP2009015112A (ja) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-22 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | 電子写真感光体とそれを用いた画像形成方法及び画像形成装置 |
JP2010271648A (ja) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-02 | Sharp Corp | 電子写真感光体およびそれを用いた画像形成装置 |
JP5625590B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-12 | 2014-11-19 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機感光体、有機感光体の製造方法及び画像形成装置 |
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US7939230B2 (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-05-10 | Xerox Corporation | Overcoat layer comprising core-shell fluorinated particles |
JP5475416B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-01 | 2014-04-16 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電子写真感光体の製造方法 |
US8404423B2 (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2013-03-26 | Xerox Corporation | Photoreceptor outer layer and methods of making the same |
JP2014142571A (ja) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-08-07 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電子写真感光体及びその製造方法、並びに画像形成装置 |
US10338514B2 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2019-07-02 | Kyocera Document Solutions Inc. | Image forming apparatus, developer used thereby, and image forming method |
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- 2005-08-26 US US11/661,204 patent/US7862968B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-08-26 DE DE112005001471T patent/DE112005001471T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-08-26 WO PCT/JP2005/015547 patent/WO2006030618A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-08-26 KR KR1020077002808A patent/KR101172558B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080160438A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
KR101172558B1 (ko) | 2012-08-08 |
JP2006099035A (ja) | 2006-04-13 |
CN101065712A (zh) | 2007-10-31 |
US7862968B2 (en) | 2011-01-04 |
CN101065712B (zh) | 2011-03-09 |
KR20070058446A (ko) | 2007-06-08 |
DE112005001471T5 (de) | 2007-10-04 |
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