US20190293255A1 - Lighting sytems for windows having plastic glazing - Google Patents
Lighting sytems for windows having plastic glazing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20190293255A1 US20190293255A1 US15/776,200 US201615776200A US2019293255A1 US 20190293255 A1 US20190293255 A1 US 20190293255A1 US 201615776200 A US201615776200 A US 201615776200A US 2019293255 A1 US2019293255 A1 US 2019293255A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- light
- vehicle window
- glazing component
- vehicle
- glazing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/2661—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic mounted on parts having other functions
- B60Q1/268—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic mounted on parts having other functions on windscreens or windows
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
- F21S43/245—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its major surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/20—Accessories, e.g. wind deflectors, blinds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/32—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating vehicle sides, e.g. clearance lights
- B60Q1/323—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating vehicle sides, e.g. clearance lights on or for doors
- B60Q1/324—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating vehicle sides, e.g. clearance lights on or for doors for signalling that a door is open or intended to be opened
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/20—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for lighting specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments; mounted on specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/20—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for lighting specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments; mounted on specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments
- B60Q3/208—Sun roofs; Windows
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
- F21S43/237—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide rod-shaped
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
- B29K2995/0026—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/32—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating vehicle sides, e.g. clearance lights
- B60Q1/323—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating vehicle sides, e.g. clearance lights on or for doors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/34—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating change of drive direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/44—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating braking action or preparation for braking, e.g. by detection of the foot approaching the brake pedal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/30—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for compartments other than passenger or driving compartments, e.g. luggage or engine compartments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/70—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by the purpose
- B60Q3/74—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by the purpose for overall compartment lighting; for overall compartment lighting in combination with specific lighting, e.g. room lamps with reading lamps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/70—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by the purpose
- B60Q3/76—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by the purpose for spotlighting, e.g. reading lamps
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to lighting systems for vehicle windows having plastic glazing.
- Vehicles such as sedans, coupes, sports utility vehicles, vans, hatchbacks, and the like typically include one or more of front, side, quarter and rear window structures. Moreover, such vehicles include one or more light assemblies (e.g., a brake light, a puddle light). These parts and other parts may add to the cost and complexity of assembling a vehicle.
- light assemblies e.g., a brake light, a puddle light
- light assemblies in vehicles include a large number of separate components.
- a typical vehicle may have several different types of lights, including, for example, parking lights, turn indicator lights, brake lights, and the like. Each of these lights may be made from many parts. These parts add to the cost and complexity of assembling a vehicle.
- the '423 Patent discloses an integrated light assembly including a plurality of lamps 210 , 216 enclosed in a housing 202 , which may serve as a lens for the lamps, and mounted on a substrate 204 .
- Such portions of a light assembly may add to the overall weight of a vehicle, and the overall complexity and cost of manufacturing and assembling a vehicle.
- the above-noted problems with conventional light assemblies are compounded by recent trends to increase the number of lights provided on vehicles. For example, lights provided for aesthetic purposes and utility purposes.
- the present disclosure aims to solve these problems and other problems in the prior art.
- this disclosure in one aspect, relates to vehicle components, including windows and lighting systems of windows with plastic glazing.
- a plastic glazing of a window of a vehicle having a light feature includes a first vehicle window glazing component, a second vehicle window glazing component molded onto the first vehicle window glazing component, a light unit configured to produce light for the light feature, the light unit being integrated with at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component, and the light unit further configured to direct the light for the light feature through or from at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component, wherein the plastic glazing is of one-piece molded plastic construction, and wherein at least one of the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component is translucent or transparent.
- a process of manufacturing a plastic glazing of a window of a vehicle having a light feature includes molding a first vehicle window glazing component, molding a second vehicle window glazing component molded onto the first vehicle window glazing component, integrating a light unit configured to produce light for the light feature with at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component, and arranging the light unit to direct the light for the light feature through or from at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component wherein at least one of the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component is translucent or transparent.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a vehicle having windows constructed with plastic glazing having light assemblies according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a front view of a first exemplary plastic glazing of a window in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of a housing unit in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a back view of a first exemplary window glazing depicted in FIG. 2 with a lighting system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first exemplary window glazing depicted in FIG. 4 with a lighting system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a front view of a second exemplary window glazing with a lighting system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a third exemplary window glazing with a lighting system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of a first aspect of FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 9 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of a second aspect of FIG. 7 .
- Devices and methods disclosed herein provide a window having a plastic glazing having a one-piece monolithic construction.
- the window may support a light assembly attached to the window using integrated fasteners, separate fasteners, screws, other connectors, or an adhesive.
- the light assembly may provide a lighted feature providing aesthetic and/or utility functions.
- devices and methods disclosed herein may provide an integrated window assembly including and/or integrating one or more other vehicle components.
- systems and methods disclosed herein may provide a window having a plastic glazing.
- the plastic glazing of the window may be constructed of a thermoplastic polymer including a portion that is clear.
- additional vehicle components may also be included in the plastic glazing.
- Such components may include, for example, a colored translucent portion for a light unit; a cavity and fixation unit (e.g., a threaded hole, a hook or clip) for supporting a light unit; a textured and/or raised region for a logo or other marking; and the like.
- a cavity and fixation unit e.g., a threaded hole, a hook or clip
- Devices and methods disclosed herein may also provide a method of manufacturing a window or, specifically, a plastic glazing of a window. Such systems and methods may provide a method of producing a plastic glazing using multi-shot injection molding techniques. The method further includes providing a light assembly attached to the window using integrated fasteners, separate fasteners, screws, other connectors, or an adhesive. The light assembly may provide a lighted feature providing aesthetic and/or utility functions.
- a plastic glazing of a window may be formed via a two-shot injection molding process. In a first shot, a clear thermoplastic polymer may be injected to form a shell or outline of the plastic glazing. In a second shot, a colored thermoplastic polymer may be injected to form one or more colored regions in the plastic glazing.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a vehicle having windows constructed with plastic glazing and light assemblies according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a vehicle 10 having one or more of a front window 12 or windshield, side windows 20 , rear quarter windows 18 , a rear window 16 , front quarter windows 22 , and a panoramic window 14 also known as a moonroof, sunroof, and the like.
- a panoramic window 14 also known as a moonroof, sunroof, and the like.
- Other types of windows are contemplated as well for different types of vehicles.
- One or more of the Windows 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 of the vehicle 10 may include light assemblies that generate a light feature 50 .
- the light assemblies may be implemented to provide the light feature 50 with aesthetic and/or utility functions.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a warning light for pedestrians or other drivers.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a side signature light based on a design influence and/or may be associated with a brand identity.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a welcome or courtesy light configured to light the surroundings of the vehicle 10 .
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with an outside light that lights the exterior of the vehicle as the driver approaches and operates a key fob.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with an interior reading light providing additional light for the driver or passengers. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with an individual customizable light that is configured to be customizable by the driver. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with light operating in response to connectivity to other vehicles or drivers providing a gesture or wink to the same.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a side marker light.
- the side marker light may be red or amber.
- lighting functions indicating remaining battery charge of an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle or other novel functions may be implemented using a marker light in different colors such as green, blue or the like.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a reflex reflector that includes light reflected by total internal reflection.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a private color/shadow effect that is customizable.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a chameleon effect that generates a color or colors as desired.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a flash line having plural flashing lights.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with an in-molded micro images and/or macro images. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with an ambient light that may be arranged inside of cockpit/cabin of the vehicle 10 . In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a cargo light in a cargo section of the vehicle 10 . In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a park mode light. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a caution light, for instance to signal an opened door. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a local laser marking. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a solid (i.e.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a surface texturing, a laser marking, a local painting, an inkjet printing, or the like. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a transparent or diffused 2K area. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 on an aerodynamic spoiler. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 on a roof pillar. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 on a D pillar. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 on a panoramic roof. In one aspect, the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a photochromic light.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a 3K (three component molding that may include different colors, different transparencies, different materials, and the like) rear quarter window design feature that may be implemented with a first component glazing, second component housing and a third component design feature.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a security light.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a colored light in accordance with certain international standards governing vehicle lighting such as, for example, ECE Regulation No. 48 and SAE Standard J578.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a light defined in ECE Regulation No. 48.
- the light assembly may provide the light feature 50 with a brake light, a turn signal light, a running light, a reverse light, a fog light and/or the like.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a front view of a first exemplary plastic glazing of a window in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- the plastic glazing 100 may be a one-piece monolithic structure formed of one or more thermoplastic polymers.
- suitable thermoplastic polymers include: polycarbonate, polyester carbonate, poly methyl methacrylate, and the like.
- the plastic glazing 100 may be formed of a polycarbonate.
- the plastic glazing 100 can have an outer surface that is seamless, i.e., lacking any visual openings, junctions, disruptions, interruptions, gaps, or the like.
- the rectangular shape of the plastic glazing 100 is merely exemplary, the plastic glazing 100 may be implemented with any window shape.
- the shape of the plastic glazing may be flat, but it may also be curved to various degrees of complexity in three dimensions.
- the plastic glazing 100 may be implemented in any type of window including the front window 12 or windshield of a vehicle, the side windows 20 of a vehicle, rear quarter windows 18 of a vehicle, a rear window 16 of a vehicle, front quarter windows 22 , and a panoramic window 14 of a vehicle, and the like. Other types of windows are contemplated for different types of vehicles.
- the plastic glazing 100 also includes a clear transparent portion 108 that functions as a window of the vehicle 10 .
- the plastic glazing 100 may include a portion 110 .
- the portion 110 may be colored, translucent, non-transparent (i.e. opaque) and may be strategically placed to hide one or more structures positioned behind the plastic glazing 100 .
- the plastic glazing 100 may be further configured to externally emit light from the vehicle 10 associated with the light feature 50 .
- Light from the light feature 50 may be emitted through the clear transparent portion 108 and/or the portion 110 .
- the plastic glazing 100 may be configured to internally emit light within the vehicle 10 associated with the light feature 50 .
- FIG. 3 illustrates a housing unit in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- the housing unit 200 may be formed of a fiber-reinforced polymer.
- the housing unit 200 may be formed of a long-glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene such as, for example, SABIC® STAMAXTM plastic.
- the housing unit 200 may include a frame portion 202 and opening 204 .
- the plastic glazing 100 may be secured to the housing unit 200 using an adhesive and/or a mechanical fastening system (e.g., a screw, bolt, and/or clip fastening system).
- the mechanical fastening system may be integrated in the molded parts or separate.
- the adhesive used may be a commercially available adhesive that is typically used in the automotive industry for the adhesive bonding of plastic components. Such adhesives may include, for example, wet adhesives, tape-based adhesives, contact adhesives, hot-melt adhesives, reaction adhesives or the like.
- the thickness of the adhesive required may vary depending on the specific geometries of the plastic glazing 100 and the housing unit 200 .
- the adhesive is a hot-melt adhesive that can be processed under thermoplastic conditions
- the disclosure contemplates implementation without the housing unit 200 .
- the housing unit 200 may include one or more cavities for receiving a light unit 214 .
- the housing unit 200 may include a cavity 212 for receiving the light unit 214 .
- the light unit 214 can be fixed directly in the housing unit 200 via access doors, using mechanical fasteners that are integrated in the molded parts or separate (e.g., screw, bolt, and the like), adhesive and/or the like.
- the cavity 212 can prevent light from the light unit 214 from bleeding outside of a confined space.
- additional cavities may be formed next to the cavity 212 for holding additional light units 214 , and the cavities would prevent the light generated by one light unit 214 from bleeding into a space reserved for another light unit 214 .
- the light unit 214 may be attached externally to the housing unit 200 .
- the light unit 214 can be fixed directly onto the housing unit 200 via access doors, using mechanical fasteners that are integrated in the molded parts or separate (e.g., screw, bolt, and the like), adhesive and/or the like.
- the light unit 214 may be molded into the housing unit 200 and/or the light unit 214 may be over-molded onto the housing unit 200 .
- the light unit 214 may be arranged in the housing unit 200 such that light is emitted through the plastic glazing 100 .
- the light unit 214 may be implemented as one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs).
- Control and power wiring may be molded into the housing unit 200 .
- Other types of lighting units are contemplated as well.
- the light unit 214 may be able to generate a light feature 50 as described above with reduced packaging space compared to traditional lighting solutions.
- the light unit 214 may be molded into the plastic glazing 100 and/or the light unit 214 may be over-molded onto the plastic glazing 100 .
- the light unit 214 may be arranged in the plastic glazing 100 such that light is emitted through the plastic glazing 100 .
- the light unit 214 may be implemented as one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs).
- Control and power wiring may be molded into the plastic glazing 100 .
- Other types of lighting units are contemplated as well.
- the light unit 214 may be able to generate a light feature 50 as described above with reduced packaging space compared to traditional lighting solutions.
- the plastic glazing 100 may provide a hermetically sealed encapsulation of the light unit 214 including the LEDs.
- the light unit 214 may further include electronic circuitry that includes conductive traces within the plastic glazing 100 .
- the electronic circuitry may thereby effectively form a printed circuit board (PCB), or part thereof, within the plastic glazing 100 .
- the LEDs of the light unit 214 may be coupled to the conductive traces to provide power and signaling to effectuate activation and/or deactivation of the LEDs of the light unit 214 via the conductive traces and may be controlled by dedicated hardware as defined herein.
- the housing unit 200 may provide a hermetically sealed encapsulation of the light unit 214 including the LEDs in a manner similar to the encapsulation with respect to the plastic glazing 100 described above.
- the housing unit 200 and the plastic glazing 100 may provide a hermetically sealed encapsulation of the light unit 214 including the LEDs in a manner similar to the encapsulation with respect to the plastic glazing 100 described above.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a first exemplary window glazing depicted in FIG. 1 with a lighting system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure
- FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first exemplary window glazing depicted in FIG. 4 with a lighting system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 shows the cavity 212 arranged in or below the plastic glazing 100 having a light unit 214 arranged therein.
- the light unit 214 may further include power and signal connections (not shown) that may be arranged within the housing unit 200 .
- the light unit 214 may be molded into the housing unit 200 , molded into the plastic glazing 100 , or both. In one aspect, the light unit 214 may be arranged into a molded cavity 212 of the housing unit 200 , arranged into a molded cavity in the plastic glazing 100 , or both. In one aspect, the light unit 214 may be attached to the housing unit 200 , attached to the plastic glazing 100 , or both.
- the light unit 214 may generate and provide light to a light guide 402 .
- the light guide 402 may extend across the plastic glazing 100 on the portion 110 .
- the light guide 402 may extend across the clear transparent portion 108 .
- the light guide 402 may extend across the housing unit 200 .
- the light guide 402 may receive light from the light unit 214 .
- the light guide 402 may be configured to transmit the light from the light unit 214 and deliver the light to a predetermined location for providing the light feature 50 .
- the light guide 402 may be configured to simply deliver the light to an end portion thereof.
- the light guide 402 may be configured to emit the light along its length as the light feature 50 .
- the light guide 402 is shown with a linear or straight construction. However, the light guide 402 may have any desired shape to provide the light feature 50 as desired.
- the light guide 402 may be held by molded components 502 .
- the molded components 502 may be manufactured in the same molding shot as the portion 110 thus reducing manufacturing complexity and cost.
- the molded components 502 may extend from the portion 110 and terminate with hook portions as shown in FIG. 5 .
- Other constructions of the molded components 502 configured to hold the light guide 402 are contemplated as well.
- the light guide 402 may be simply attached to the portion 110 with adhesive, mechanical fasteners, or the like.
- the mechanical fasteners may be integrated in the molded parts or separate (e.g., screw, bolt, and the like).
- the light guide 402 may be held by molded components 502 arranged on the housing unit 200 .
- the molded components 502 may be manufactured in the same molding shot as the housing unit 200 thus reducing manufacturing complexity and cost.
- the molded components 502 may extend from the housing unit 200 and terminate with hook portions.
- Other constructions of the molded components 502 configured to hold the light guide 402 are contemplated as well.
- the light guide 402 may be simply attached to the housing unit 200 with adhesive, mechanical fasteners, or the like.
- the mechanical fasteners may be integrated in the molded parts or separate (e.g., screw, bolt, and the like).
- FIG. 6 illustrates a second exemplary window glazing with a lighting system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- the light unit 214 may further include power and signal connections (not shown) that may be arranged within the housing unit 200 and/or the plastic glazing 100 .
- the light unit 214 may be molded into the housing unit 200 , molded into the plastic glazing 100 , or both.
- the light unit 214 may be arranged into a molded cavity 212 of the housing unit 200 , arranged into a molded cavity in the plastic glazing 100 , or both.
- the light unit 214 may be attached to the housing unit 200 , attached to the plastic glazing 100 , or both.
- the light unit 214 may emit light within the clear transparent portion 108 through an edge adjacent to the cavity 212 . Alternatively or additionally, the light unit 214 may be arranged such that it emits light onto a surface of the clear transparent portion 108 . In either case, the light will be transmitted to a portion 604 on the clear transparent portion 108 .
- the portion 604 may include an image 608 and/or text 606 that receive the light emitted from the light unit 214 .
- the image 608 and/or the text 606 may be formed by a laser marked image or a textured surface. In either case, the image 608 and/or the text 606 may receive the light emitted from the light unit 214 and illuminate the image 608 and/or the text 606 due to the laser marking or textured surface.
- the image 608 and/or the text 606 may receive the light emitted from the light unit 214 and scatter, diffuse, and/or reflect the light in order to illuminate the image 608 and/or the text 606 due to the laser marking or textured surface.
- the image 608 and/or the text 606 may be a raised or embossed region of the plastic glazing 100 that surround it.
- the image 608 and/or the text 606 can be selected to be clear, colored, transparent, translucent, and/or non-transparent.
- the image 608 and/or the text 606 is translucent such that a light disposed behind the plastic glazing 100 may shine through the translucent portion to increase the visibility, especially when it is dark.
- the image 608 and/or the text 606 may be formed of a thermoplastic polymer and may be formed as part of an injection molding process for forming the plastic glazing 100 .
- FIG. 7 illustrates a third exemplary window glazing with a lighting system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
- the plastic glazing 100 may include a first clear or colored portion 102 that functions as a portion of a tail lamp, an axillary brake light, a courtesy light, a brake light or the like of the vehicle 10 .
- Light emitted from the light unit 214 through the portions 102 of the plastic glazing 100 may be emitted as a colored light in accordance with certain international standards governing vehicle lighting such as, for example, ECE Regulation No. 48 and SAE Standard J578.
- portion 102 and the light unit 214 may produce a red light
- the portion 102 and the light unit 214 may also be designed to produce lights having other colors, such as, for example, yellow or amber. These colors are also defined in ECE Regulation No. 48 as well as in other international standards. Of course, other colors may be emitted by the portion 102 in conjunction with the light unit 214 .
- FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a first aspect of FIG. 7 .
- the light unit 214 may further provide light to the light guide 402 as described previously.
- the light guide 402 being attached and arranged as described previously as well.
- the light guide 402 may terminate at an end 802 with a configuration to emit a light 804 internally within the vehicle 10 .
- the light 804 providing the light feature 50 as previously described.
- the light 804 providing the light feature 50 may include a welcome or courtesy light, an interior reading light, an individual customizable light, an ambient light, a cargo light, a panoramic roof light, or the like.
- the light 804 may have a color consistent with the light unit 214 .
- the light 804 may be emitted through a color portion arranged in the light guide 402 , the end 802 , or the like in order to provide a desired color.
- the light unit 214 may also emit a light 808 through the portion 102 as noted above.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a second aspect of FIG. 7 .
- the light unit 214 may further provide light to the light guide 402 as described previously.
- the light guide 402 being attached and arranged as described previously as well.
- the light guide 402 may terminate at an end 802 with a configuration to emit a light 920 externally from the vehicle 10 .
- the light 920 providing the light feature 50 as previously described.
- the light 920 providing a side signature light, a welcome light, an outside light, a side marker light, a park mode light, a roof pillar light, a rear quarter window light, a security light, and/or the like. It may provide illumination of an ornamental graphic, logo or the like.
- This graphic or logo may be in-molded in the portion 110 , in the glazing 108 , or both, or it may be a separate entity.
- the light 920 may have a color consistent with the light unit 214 . Alternatively, the light 920 may be emitted through a color portion arranged in the light guide 402 , the end 802 , or the like in order to provide a desired color.
- the light unit 214 may also emit a light 808 through the portion 102 as noted above.
- the light 920 may be emitted through a portion 930 .
- the portion 930 may be configured to always emit light from the end 802 .
- the portion 930 may include a blocking mechanism 910 .
- the blocking mechanism 910 may have a first position as shown in FIG. 9 that allows the light 920 emitted from the end 802 .
- the blocking mechanism 910 may have a second position (not shown) that prevents the light 920 emitted from the end 802 .
- the blocking mechanism 910 may be moved or extended to cover the portion 930 and block the light 920 from being emitted through portion 930 .
- the blocking mechanism 910 may slide manually from the first position to the second position by operation of a passenger or driver.
- the blocking mechanism 910 may slide automatically from the first position to the second position by operation of dedicated hardware.
- the blocking mechanism 910 may slide from the first position to the second position by operation of a solenoid, servo, or similar electromechanical component.
- the light unit 214 may include one or more light components such as, for example, an incandescent lamp, an electroluminescent lamp, a gas discharge lamp, one or more a LEDs and the like.
- the light unit 214 may further include driver circuits, power connections, signal connections, and the like.
- the signal connections of the light unit 214 may be implemented wirelessly and receive control and command signals on a communication channel as defined herein.
- the driver circuit may include dedicated hardware to control the light unit 214 including to control the state of each individual light of the light unit 214 that may include color, flashing, and the like.
- the window including the plastic glazing 100 may further include various other components related to the features of a vehicle such as the vehicle 10 .
- the plastic glazing 100 may further include a spoiler portion and a supporting member.
- the supporting member may be a part of a housing unit (e.g., the housing unit 200 ) that is disposed behind the plastic glazing 100 for supporting the light unit 214 and the like.
- the spoiler portion may be formed of an additional thermoplastic polymer and may be attached to a main body using an adhesive or mechanical fastening system.
- the mechanical fastening system may be integrated in the molded parts or separate (e.g., screw, bolt, and the like).
- the spoiler portion may emit light associated with the light feature 50 .
- any aspect of the disclosure utilizing the light unit 214 may be configured to provide illumination of an ornamental graphic, logo or the like.
- This graphic or logo may be in-molded in the portion 110 , in the glazing 108 , or both, or it may be a separate entity.
- the window assembles disclosed herein may also include additional layers on top of the thermoplastic polymer layers.
- a layer for increasing scratch resistance may be added to an exterior surface of the plastic glazing.
- an additional layer for adding more support to the thermoplastic polymer layers may also be added to an interior surface of the plastic glazing.
- This additional layer may be formed of a plastic, a metal, or other material for increasing the structural strength of the window.
- the plastic glazing the 100 may be manufactured using a molding process.
- a multi-shot injection technique may be used to form the plastic glazing 100 .
- a clear translucent material may be injected into a mold cavity having a first volume to form the clear transparent portion 108 .
- the mold cavity may be adjusted to a second volume and so on and so forth for receiving additional shots of material.
- a black or other colored opaque material for the portion 110 may be injected to the mold cavity such that it binds with the clear translucent material. The two materials may bind together through melt bonding.
- heat from the injected opaque material may melt a surface of the already set clear translucent material such that a bond is formed between the two materials when they cool.
- the molded components 502 , the cavity 212 , the colored portion 102 , or any other aspect set forth in the disclosure may be formed thus reducing costs and complexity of the manufacturing process.
- the light unit 214 or any other aspect set forth in the disclosure may be inserted and molded-in thus reducing costs and complexity of the manufacturing process.
- Implementations of the light feature 50 manufactured consistent with the disclosure were found to provide greater than 10%-15% weight reduction in comparison to non-integrated implementations.
- a plastic glazing of a window of a vehicle having a light feature comprising: a first vehicle window glazing component; a second vehicle window glazing component molded onto the first vehicle window glazing component; a light unit configured to produce light for the light feature; the light unit being integrated with at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component; and the light unit further configured to direct the light for the light feature through or from at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component, wherein the plastic glazing is of one-piece molded plastic construction; and wherein at least one of the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component is translucent or transparent.
- plastic glazing of any one of Examples 1-2 wherein the plastic glazing is attached to a housing unit that is configured to support the light unit, wherein the housing unit comprises a fiber-reinforced polymer.
- the plastic glazing of any one of Examples 1-3 further comprising a light guide configured to receive the light from the light unit, wherein the light guide is configured to one of the following: emit the received light along a length thereof to provide the light feature, deliver the light to an end thereof to provide the light feature internally within the vehicle, and deliver the light to an end thereof to provide the light feature externally from the vehicle.
- plastic glazing of any one of Examples 1-4 further comprising molded components configured to hold the light guide, wherein the molded components are molded in at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component.
- plastic glazing of any one of Examples 1-5 further comprising a light blocking mechanism configured to block light emitted from the light guide in a first position and allow light to be emitted from the light guide in a second position.
- plastic glazing of any one of Examples 1-6 wherein a portion of one or more of the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component forms a lens and the light unit is configured to emit light through the lens and also emit light through the light guide for the light feature.
- thermoplastic glazing of any one of Examples 1-7 wherein at least one of the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component comprises a surface configured to diffuse, scatter, or reflect light received from the light unit, wherein the surface comprises at least one of the following: a textured surface and a laser marked surface.
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- the light feature comprises at least one of the following: a side signature light, an outside light, a side marker light, a park mode light, a roof pillar light, a rear quarter window light, a welcome light, an interior reading light, an individual customizable light, an ambient light, a cargo light, a panoramic roof light, a brake light, a turn signal light, a running light, a reverse light, a fog light, and a security light.
- a process of manufacturing a plastic glazing of a window of a vehicle having a light feature comprising: molding a first vehicle window glazing component; molding a second vehicle window glazing component molded onto the first vehicle window glazing component; integrating a light unit configured to produce light for the light feature with at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component; and arranging the light unit to direct the light for the light feature through or from at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component, and wherein at least one of the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component is translucent or transparent.
- Example 11 wherein the light unit is supported on at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component, wherein the window comprises at least one of the following: a front window, a side window, a rear quarter window, a rear window, a front quarter window, and a panoramic window.
- any one of Examples 11-13 further comprising providing a light guide configured to receive light from the light unit, wherein the light guide is configured to one of the following: emit the received light along a length thereof to provide the light feature, deliver the light to an end thereof to provide the light feature internally within the vehicle, and deliver the light to an end thereof to provide the light feature externally from the vehicle.
- Example 11-14 further comprising molding components configured to hold the light guide, wherein the components are molded in at least one of the following: the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component.
- At least one of the first vehicle window glazing component and the second vehicle window glazing component comprises a surface configured to diffuse, scatter, or reflect light received from the light unit, wherein the surface comprises at least one of the following: a textured surface and a laser marked surface.
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- the light feature comprises at least one of the following: a side signature light, an outside light, a side marker light, a park mode light, a roof pillar light, a rear quarter window light, a welcome light, an interior reading light, an individual customizable light, an ambient light, a cargo light, a panoramic roof light, a brake light, a turn signal light, a running light, a reverse light, a fog light, and a security light.
- systems and methods disclosed herein may alternately comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, any appropriate components herein disclosed.
- the disclosure may additionally, or alternatively, be designed so as to be devoid, or substantially free, of any components used in the prior art compositions or that are otherwise not necessary to the achievement of the function and/or objectives of the present disclosure.
- the polymer can include polyphenylene ether-based resin, polyacetal-based resin, polyamide-based resin, polystyrene-based resin, polymethyl methacrylate based resin, polyacrylonitrile-based resin, polyester-based resin, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, polyether (ether) ketone, polyolefin-based resin, polyethylene terephthalate based resin (PET), poly p phenylene based resin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) based resin and combinations including at least one of the foregoing.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- aspects of the disclosure may include communication channels associated with the dedicated hardware to control the light unit 214 that may be any type of wired or wireless electronic communications network, such as, e.g., a wired/wireless local area network (LAN), Near field communication (NFC), a cellular telephone network, a Personal Communications Service (PCS), using known protocols such as the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), CDMA (Code-Division Multiple Access), GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5G (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems), WiMAX, HSPA+, W-CDMA (Wideband Code-Division Multiple Access), CDMA2000 (also known as C2K or IMT Multi-Carrier (IMT-MC)), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and/or the like, and/or a combination of two or more thereof.
- GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
- CDMA Code-Division Multiple Access
- GSM/EDGE Code-Division Multiple
- the methods described herein are intended for operation with dedicated hardware implementations including, but not limited to, microprocessors, PCs, PDAs, semiconductors, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic arrays, and other hardware devices constructed to implement the methods described herein.
- dedicated hardware implementations including, but not limited to, microprocessors, PCs, PDAs, semiconductors, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic arrays, and other hardware devices constructed to implement the methods described herein.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Arrangements Of Lighting Devices For Vehicle Interiors, Mounting And Supporting Thereof, Circuits Therefore (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
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US15/776,200 US20190293255A1 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2016-11-21 | Lighting sytems for windows having plastic glazing |
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US18/237,759 Pending US20230398925A1 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2023-08-24 | Illuminated graphic in an automotive plastic glazing |
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CN110949102A (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 爱驰汽车有限公司 | 全景天窗车顶总成和应用其的汽车 |
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KR20200027119A (ko) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-03-12 | 코리아에프티 주식회사 | 자동차의 윈도우 차양 장치용 위험 상황 알림 조립체 및 자동차의 후방 윈도우용 위험 상황 알림 조립체 |
JP2020069919A (ja) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | 市光工業株式会社 | 車両用灯具 |
FR3087726B1 (fr) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-09-09 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage lumineux pour vehicule automobile |
CN118451006A (zh) * | 2021-12-27 | 2024-08-06 | 索尼集团公司 | 照明控制设备、照明控制方法和车辆 |
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CN110949102A (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 爱驰汽车有限公司 | 全景天窗车顶总成和应用其的汽车 |
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US20200217476A1 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
EP3380361A2 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
KR20200094231A (ko) | 2020-08-06 |
WO2017089946A2 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
JP6732912B2 (ja) | 2020-07-29 |
JP6878658B2 (ja) | 2021-05-26 |
US11766965B2 (en) | 2023-09-26 |
WO2017089946A3 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
KR102215029B1 (ko) | 2021-02-15 |
US20230398925A1 (en) | 2023-12-14 |
US20230032224A1 (en) | 2023-02-02 |
CN108367702B (zh) | 2021-06-01 |
KR20200036053A (ko) | 2020-04-06 |
JP2020183228A (ja) | 2020-11-12 |
US11466834B2 (en) | 2022-10-11 |
CN108367702A (zh) | 2018-08-03 |
KR102140566B1 (ko) | 2020-08-04 |
EP3380361B1 (en) | 2021-12-22 |
JP2019503918A (ja) | 2019-02-14 |
KR20180082561A (ko) | 2018-07-18 |
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