JPWO2007119393A1 - ラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法とラジアル異方性磁石を用いた永久磁石モータ及び有鉄心永久磁石モータ - Google Patents
ラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法とラジアル異方性磁石を用いた永久磁石モータ及び有鉄心永久磁石モータ Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
R.W.Lee,E.G.Brewer,N.A.Schaffel,"Hot−pressed Neodymium−Iron−Boron magnets"IEEE Trans.Magn.,Vol.21,(1985) T.Shimoda,"Compression molding magnet made from rapid−quenched powder","PERMANENT MAGNETS 1988 UPDATE",Wheeler Associate INC(1988) W.Baran,"Case histories of NdFeB in the European community",The European Business and Technical Outlook for NdFeB Magnets,Nov.(1989) G.X.Huang,W.M.Gao,S.F.Yu,"Application of melt−spun Nd−Fe−B bonded magnet to the micro−motor",Proc. of the 11th International Rare−Earth Magnets and Their Applications,Pittsburgh,USA,pp.583−595(1990) Kasai,"MQ1,2&3 magnets applied to motors and actuators",Polymer Bonded Magnets ’92,Embassy Suite O’Hare−Rosemont,Illinois,USA,(1992) 入山恭彦,"高性能希土類ボンド磁石の開発動向",文部科学省イノベーション創出事業/希土類資源の有効利用と先端材料シンポジウム,東京,pp.19−26(2002) B.H.Rabin,B.M.Ma,"Recent developments in Nd−Fe−B powder",120th Topical Symposium of the Magnetic Society of Japan,pp.23−28(2001) B M.Ma,"Recent powder development at magnequench",Polymer Bonded Magnets 2002,Chicago(2002) S.Hirasawa,H.Kanekiyo,T.Miyoshi,K.Murakami,Y.Shigemoto,T.Nishiuchi,"Structure and magnetic properties of Nd2Fe14B/FexB−type nanocomposite permanent magnets prepared by strip casting",9th Joint MMM/INTERMAG,CA(2004)FG−05 H.A.Davies,J.I.Betancourt,C.L.Harland,"Nanophase Pr and Nd/Pr based rare−earth−iron−boron alloys",Proc. of 16th Int.Workshop on Rare−Earth Magnets and Their Applications,Sendai,pp.485−495(2000) 山下文敏,"希土類磁石の電子機器への応用と展望",文部科学省イノベ−ション創出事業/希土類資源の有効利用と先端材料シンポジウム,東京,(2002) 徳永雅亮,"希土類ボンド磁石の磁気特性",粉体および粉末冶金,Vol.35,pp.3−7,(1988) H.Sakamoto,M.Fujikura and T.Mukai,"Fully−dense Nd−Fe−B magnets prepared from hot−rolled anisotropic powders",Proc.11th Int. Workshop on Rare−earth Magnets and Their Applications,Pittsburg,pp.72−84(1990) M.Doser,V.Panchanacthan,and R.K.Mishra,"Pulverizing anisotropic rapidly solidified Nd−Fe−B materials for bonded magnets",J.Appl.Phys.,Vol.70,pp.6603−6805(1991) T.Iriyama,"Anisotropic bonded NdFeB magnets made from hot−upset powders",Polymer Bonded Magnet 2002,Chicago(2002) T.Takeshita,and R.Nakayama,"Magnetic properties and micro−structure of the Nd−Fe−B magnet powders produced by hydrogen treatment",Proc.10th Int.Workshop on Rare−earth Magnets and Their Applications,Kyoto,pp.551−562(1989) K.Morimoto,R.Nakayama,K.Mori, K.Igarashi,Y.Ishii,M.Itakura,N.Kuwano, K.Oki,"Nd2Fe14B−based magnetic powder with high remanence produced by modified HDDR process",IEEE.Trans.Magn.,Vol.35,pp.3253−3255(1999) C.Mishima,N.Hamada,H.Mitarai, and Y.Honkura,"Development of a Co−free NdFeB anisotropic magnet produced d−HDDR processes powder",IEEE.Trans.Magn.,Vol.37,pp.2467−2470(2001) N.Hamada,C.Mishima,H.Mitarai and Y.Honkura,"Development of anisotropic bonded magnet with 27 MGOe",IEEE.Trans.Magn.,Vol.39,pp.2953−2956(2003) 川本淳,白石佳代,石坂和俊,保田晋一,"15MGOe級SmFeN射出成形コンパウンド",電気学会マグネティックス研究会,(2001)MAG−01−173 K.Ohmori,"New era of anisotropic bonded SmFeN magnets",Polymer Bonded Magnet 2002,Chicago(2002) 松岡篤,山崎東吾,川口仁,"送風機用ブラシレスDCモータの高性能化検討",電気学会回転機研究会,(2001)RM−01−161 清水元治,平井伸之,"Nd−Fe−B系焼結型異方性リング磁石",日立金属技報,Vol.6,pp.33−36(1990) F.Yamashita,S.Tsutsumi,H.Fukunaga,"Radially Anisotropic Ring− or Arc−Shaped Rare−Earth Bonded Magnets Using Self−Organization Technique",IEEE Trans.Magn.,Vol.40,No.4 pp.2059−2064(2004) 吉田、袈裟丸、佐野、"表面PM同期モータのセグメント形磁化方式によるコギングトルクの低減と回転子鉄心の削減",IEEJ.Trans.IA,Vol.124,pp.114−115(2004)
以下、本発明にかかる製造方法を実施例により更に詳しく説明する。ただし、本発明は本実施例に限定されない。
磁石粉末は粒子径3〜5μmの異方性Sm2Fe17N3、粒子径38〜150μmの異方性Nd2Fe14Bを使用した。また、結合剤のうち磁石粉末固定相Aの主成分としてのオリゴマーはエポキシ当量205〜220g/eq、融点70−76℃のノボラック型エポキシ、B相は例えばA相と架橋反応して架橋間巨大分子を形成する線状高分子で、例えば、融点80℃、分子量4000〜12000のポリアミド、相Cのケミカルコンタクトは2−フェニル−4、5−ジヒドロキシメチルイミダゾール(または2−メチルイミダゾール)、また、滑剤として融点約52℃のペンタエリスリトールC17トリエステルを使用した。これは、1分子中1つの水酸基(−OH)、炭素数16のヘキサデシル基(−(CH2)16CH3)を3つ有する。
前項の実施例と同じコンパウンドを用い、170℃にて、1.4MA/mの直交磁界中、滑りを伴う溶融流動状態で20MPaで圧縮し、厚さ1.5mm、密度5.8〜6.0Mg/m3の図6に示す断面の異形磁石を成形時間約30secで作製した。
R.W.Lee,E.G.Brewer,N.A.Schaffel,"Hot−pressed Neodymium−Iron−Boron magnets"IEEE Trans.Magn.,Vol.21,(1985) T.Shimoda,"Compression molding magnet made from rapid−quenched powder","PERMANENT MAGNETS 1988 UPDATE",Wheeler Associate INC(1988) W.Baran,"Case histories of NdFeB in the European community",The European Business and Technical Outlook for NdFeB Magnets,Nov.(1989) G.X.Huang,W.M.Gao,S.F.Yu,"Application of melt−spun Nd−Fe−B bonded magnet to the micro−motor",Proc. of the 11th International Rare−Earth Magnets and Their Applications,Pittsburgh,USA,pp.583−595(1990) Kasai,"MQ1,2&3 magnets applied to motors and actuators",Polymer Bonded Magnets ’92,Embassy Suite O’Hare−Rosemont,Illinois,USA,(1992) 入山恭彦,"高性能希土類ボンド磁石の開発動向",文部科学省イノベーション創出事業/希土類資源の有効利用と先端材料シンポジウム,東京,pp.19−26(2002) B.H.Rabin,B.M.Ma,"Recent developments in Nd−Fe−B powder",120th Topical Symposium of the Magnetic Society of Japan,pp.23−28(2001) B M.Ma,"Recent powder development at magnequench",Polymer Bonded Magnets 2002,Chicago(2002) S.Hirasawa,H.Kanekiyo,T.Miyoshi,K.Murakami,Y.Shigemoto,T.Nishiuchi,"Structure and magnetic properties of Nd2Fe14B/FexB−type nanocomposite permanent magnets prepared by strip casting",9th Joint MMM/INTERMAG,CA(2004)FG−05 H.A.Davies,J.I.Betancourt,C.L.Harland,"Nanophase Pr and Nd/Pr based rare−earth−iron−boron alloys",Proc. of 16th Int.Workshop on Rare−Earth Magnets and Their Applications,Sendai,pp.485−495(2000) 山下文敏,"希土類磁石の電子機器への応用と展望",文部科学省イノベ−ション創出事業/希土類資源の有効利用と先端材料シンポジウム,東京,(2002) 徳永雅亮,"希土類ボンド磁石の磁気特性",粉体および粉末冶金,Vol.35,pp.3−7,(1988) H.Sakamoto,M.Fujikura and T.Mukai,"Fully−dense Nd−Fe−B magnets prepared from hot−rolled anisotropic powders",Proc.11th Int. Workshop on Rare−earth Magnets and Their Applications,Pittsburg,pp.72−84(1990) M.Doser,V.Panchanacthan,and R.K.Mishra,"Pulverizing anisotropic rapidly solidified Nd−Fe−B materials for bonded magnets",J.Appl.Phys.,Vol.70,pp.6603−6805(1991) T.Iriyama,"Anisotropic bonded NdFeB magnets made from hot−upset powders",Polymer Bonded Magnet 2002,Chicago(2002) T.Takeshita,and R.Nakayama,"Magnetic properties and micro−structure of the Nd−Fe−B magnet powders produced by hydrogen treatment",Proc.10th Int.Workshop on Rare−earth Magnets and Their Applications,Kyoto,pp.551−562(1989) K.Morimoto,R.Nakayama,K.Mori, K.Igarashi,Y.Ishii,M.Itakura,N.Kuwano, K.Oki,"Nd2Fe14B−based magnetic powder with high remanence produced by modified HDDR process",IEEE.Trans.Magn.,Vol.35,pp.3253−3255(1999) C.Mishima,N.Hamada,H.Mitarai, and Y.Honkura,"Development of a Co−free NdFeB anisotropic magnet produced d−HDDR processes powder",IEEE.Trans.Magn.,Vol.37,pp.2467−2470(2001) N.Hamada,C.Mishima,H.Mitarai and Y.Honkura,"Development of anisotropic bonded magnet with 27 MGOe",IEEE.Trans.Magn.,Vol.39,pp.2953−2956(2003) 川本淳,白石佳代,石坂和俊,保田晋一,"15MGOe級SmFeN射出成形コンパウンド",電気学会マグネティックス研究会,(2001)MAG−01−173 K.Ohmori,"New era of anisotropic bonded SmFeN magnets",Polymer Bonded Magnet 2002,Chicago(2002) 松岡篤,山崎東吾,川口仁,"送風機用ブラシレスDCモータの高性能化検討",電気学会回転機研究会,(2001)RM−01−161 清水元治,平井伸之,"Nd−Fe−B系焼結型異方性リング磁石",日立金属技報,Vol.6,pp.33−36(1990) F.Yamashita,S.Tsutsumi,H.Fukunaga,"Radially Anisotropic Ring− or Arc−Shaped Rare−Earth Bonded Magnets Using Self−Organization Technique",IEEE Trans.Magn.,Vol.40,No.4 pp.2059−2064(2004) 吉田、袈裟丸、佐野、"表面PM同期モータのセグメント形磁化方式によるコギングトルクの低減と回転子鉄心の削減",IEEJ.Trans.IA,Vol.124,pp.114−115(2004)
以下、本発明にかかる製造方法を実施例により更に詳しく説明する。ただし、本発明は本実施例に限定されない。
磁石粉末は粒子径3〜5μmの異方性Sm2Fe17N3、粒子径38〜150μmの異方性Nd2Fe14Bを使用した。また、結合剤のうち磁石粉末固定相Aの主成分としてのオリゴマーはエポキシ当量205〜220g/eq、融点70−76℃のノボラック型エポキシ、B相は例えばA相と架橋反応して架橋間巨大分子を形成する線状高分子で、例えば、融点80℃、分子量4000〜12000のポリアミド、相Cのケミカルコンタクトは2−フェニル−4、5−ジヒドロキシメチルイミダゾール(または2−メチルイミダゾール)、また、滑剤として融点約52℃のペンタエリスリトールC17トリエステルを使用した。これは、1分子中1つの水酸基(−OH)、炭素数16のヘキサデシル基(−(CH2)16CH3)を3つ有する。
前項の実施例と同じコンパウンドを用い、170℃にて、1.4MA/mの直交磁界中、滑りを伴う溶融流動状態で20MPaで圧縮し、厚さ1.5mm、密度5.8〜6.0Mg/m3の図6に示す断面の異形磁石を成形時間約30secで作製した。
Claims (18)
- 磁石粉末を網目状に固定することで磁石の接線に対する磁気異方性角度を保持し、且つ流動を伴う変形で所定の円弧状、または環状とするラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法。
- 前記磁石粉末は異方性Sm2Fe17N3と異方性Nd2Fe14Bを含み、それらを固定するために、網目状高分子、線状高分子、並びに必要に応じて添加剤を用いる請求項1記載のラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法。
- 変形前の前記磁石はミクロ構造が磁石粉末固定相A、流動相Bを含む樹脂組成物であり、相Bの一部が相Aと化学結合して固定相A群を網目状に固定し、且つ相Bのせん断流動、伸長流動作用により前記磁石を変形する請求項1または2記載のラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法。
- 接線に対する磁気異方性角度が90度の垂直異方性部分α0、接線に対する磁気異方性角度θが0〜90度の非垂直異方性部分β0、並びにθが90〜180度の非垂直異方性部分β’0で構成した異形磁石を作製する工程と、前記磁石を環状、または円弧状に変形し、垂直異方性部分α0に対応するラジアル異方性部分α1、非垂直異方性部分β0に対応する曲面β1、及び非垂直異方性部分β’0に対応する曲面β’1を形成する変形工程とを含む請求項1記載のラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法。
- 変形前の非垂直異方性部分β0に対応する変形後の曲面β1、及び変形前の非垂直異方性部分β’0に対応する変形後の曲面β’1の接線に対する磁気異方性角度θに連続変化を与える請求項4記載のラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法。
- 変形前の垂直異方性部分α0と対応する変形後のラジアル異方性部分α1、変形前の非垂直異方性部分β0に対応する変形後の曲面β1、及び変形前の非垂直異方性部分β’0に対応する変形後の曲面β’1において、接線に対する磁気異方性角度が変形の前後で等しい請求項4または5記載のラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法。
- 磁石が密度5.8Mg/m3以上、最大エネルギー積(BH)max140kJ/m3以上である請求項1記載のラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法。
- 変形後磁石を熱処理し、流動成分を消失する請求項1記載のラジアル異方性磁石の製造方法。
- 請求項1記載のラジアル異方性磁石を偶数個備えた永久磁石型モータ。
- 請求項1、4、5のいずれか1項に記載のラジアル異方性磁石を偶数個備えた有鉄心永久磁石型モータ。
- 請求項6に記載のラジアル異方性磁石を偶数個備えた有鉄心永久磁石型モータ。
- 前記ラジアル異方性磁石の1極当たりにおける回転中心に対する機械角をd°とした場合、
磁極中央から絶対値d/6°の範囲において接線方向に対する磁気異方性角度は90°であり、
磁極中央から絶対値d/6°以上において磁極間部方向に向かって磁気異方性角度が一定の割合で減少する、
請求項9に記載の永久磁石型モータ。 - 前記ラジアル異方性磁石の1極当たりにおける回転中心に対する機械角をd°とした場合、
磁極中央から絶対値d/6°の範囲において接線方向に対する磁気異方性角度は90°であり、
磁極中央から絶対値d/6°以上において磁極間部方向に向かって磁気異方性角度が一定の割合で減少する、
請求項10に記載の有鉄心永久磁石型モータ。 - 前記ラジアル異方性磁石の1極当たりにおける回転中心に対する機械角をd°とした場合、
磁極中央から絶対値d/6°の範囲において接線方向に対する磁気異方性角度は90°であり、
磁極中央から絶対値d/6°以上において磁極間部方向に向かって磁気異方性角度角度が一定の割合で減少する、
請求項11に記載の有鉄心永久磁石型モータ。 - 前記ラジアル異方性磁石の磁極間部の磁気異方性角度は0°〜10°である請求項12に記載の永久磁石型モータ。
- 前記ラジアル異方性磁石の磁極間部の磁気異方性角度は0°〜10°である請求項13に記載の有鉄心永久磁石型モータ。
- 前記ラジアル異方性磁石の磁極間部の磁気異方性角度は0°〜10°である請求項14に記載の有鉄心永久磁石型モータ。
- 円弧状ラジアル異方性磁石を偶数個備え、各磁石は、1極当たりにおける回転中心に対する機械角をd°とした場合、
磁極中央から絶対値d/6°の範囲において接線方向に対する磁気異方性角度が90°であり、
磁極中央から絶対値d/6°以上において磁極間部方向に向かって磁気異方性角度が一定の割合で減少するように構成された、
永久磁石型モータ。
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