JP5490685B2 - 水蒸気蒸留の装置、方法およびシステム - Google Patents
水蒸気蒸留の装置、方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5490685B2 JP5490685B2 JP2010511386A JP2010511386A JP5490685B2 JP 5490685 B2 JP5490685 B2 JP 5490685B2 JP 2010511386 A JP2010511386 A JP 2010511386A JP 2010511386 A JP2010511386 A JP 2010511386A JP 5490685 B2 JP5490685 B2 JP 5490685B2
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/08—Thin film evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/02—Evaporators with heating coils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/06—Evaporators with vertical tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/06—Evaporators with vertical tubes
- B01D1/065—Evaporators with vertical tubes by film evaporating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
- B01D1/2803—Special features relating to the vapour to be compressed
- B01D1/2818—Cleaning of the vapour before compression, e.g. demisters, washing of the vapour
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
- B01D5/0012—Vertical tubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/18—Transportable devices to obtain potable water
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Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願第60/933,525号(2007年6月7日出願)の優先権を主張する非仮出願である。
本発明は、水蒸留に関し、より具体的には、水蒸気蒸留装置、方法、およびシステムに関する。
例えば、本発明は以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
原料流体入力部と、
蒸発器・凝縮器装置であって、
実質的に円筒形の筐体と、
該筐体内の複数の管と
を備え、該原料流体入力部は、該蒸発器・凝縮器に流体的に接続され、該蒸発器・凝縮器は、原料流体を蒸気に変換し、圧縮蒸気を生産物流体に変換する、蒸発器・凝縮器装置と、
該原料流体入力部と生産物流体出力部とに流体的に接続される熱交換器であって、該熱交換器は、
外管と、
少なくとも1つの内管と
を備える、熱交換器と、
該蒸発器・凝縮器に流体的に接続される再生ブロワであって、それにより該再生ブロワは、蒸気を圧縮し、それにより該圧縮蒸気は、圧縮蒸気が生産物流体に変換される蒸発凝縮器へと流れる、再生ブロワと
を備える、流体蒸気蒸留装置。
(項目2)
上記熱交換器は、上記蒸発器・凝縮器の上記筐体の周囲に配置される、項目1に記載の装置。
(項目3)
上記熱交換器は、上記外管が原料流体流路であり、上記少なくとも1つの内管が生産物流体流路である、外管と熱交換器とをさらに備える、項目1に記載の装置。
(項目4)
上記熱交換器は、少なくとも3つの内管をさらに備える、項目3に記載の装置。
(項目5)
上記少なくとも3つの内管は、実質的にらせん形状を形成するように巻き付けられる、項目4に記載の装置。
(項目6)
上記熱交換器は、2つの端をさらに備え、各端においてコネクタが取り付けられ、該コネクタは、上記蒸発器・凝縮器への接続部を形成する、項目5に記載の装置。
(項目7)
上記蒸発器・凝縮器管は、上記管の内側のパッキングをさらに備える、項目1に記載の装置。
(項目8)
上記パッキングは、棒である、項目7に記載の装置。
(項目9)
上記蒸発器・凝縮器は、上記複数の管に流体的に接続される蒸気室をさらに備える、項目1に記載の装置。
(項目10)
上記再生ブロワは、磁気駆動連結部によって駆動されるインペラアセンブリをさらに備える、項目1に記載の装置。
(項目11)
水蒸気蒸留装置であって、
原料流体入力部と、
蒸発器・凝縮器装置であって、
実質的に円筒形の筐体と、
該筐体内の複数の管と
を備え、それにより該原料流体入力部は、該蒸発器・凝縮器に流体的に接続され、該蒸発器・凝縮器は、原料流体を蒸気に変換し、圧縮蒸気を生産物流体に変換する、蒸発器・凝縮器装置と、
該原料流体入力部と生産物流体出力部とに流体的に接続される熱交換器であって、該熱交換器は、
外管と、
少なくとも1つの内管と
を備える、熱交換器と、
該蒸発器・凝縮器に流体的に接続される再生ブロワであって、それにより該再生ブロワは、蒸気を圧縮し、それにより該圧縮蒸気は、圧縮蒸気が生産物流体に変換される蒸発凝縮器へと流れる、再生ブロワと
を備える、水蒸気蒸留装置と、
該水蒸気蒸留装置に電気的に接続されるスターリングエンジンであって、該スターリングエンジンは、少なくとも部分的に該水蒸気蒸留装置に電力供給する、スターリングエンジンと
を備える、水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目12)
上記スターリングエンジンは、
少なくとも1つのロッキング駆動機構であって、
ロッカー枢動部を有するロッキングビームと、
少なくとも1つのシリンダと、
少なくとも1つピストンであって、該ピストンは、各シリンダ内に収納され、それにより該ピストンは各シリンダ内で実質的に直線的に往復運動することが可能である、ピストンと、
近位端および遠位端を有する、少なくとも1つの連結アセンブリであって、該近位端は該ピストンに接続され、該遠位端は端枢動部によって該ロッキングビームに接続され、それにより該ピストンの直線運動は該ロッキングビームの回転運動に転換される、少なくとも1つの連結アセンブリと
を備える、少なくとも1つのロッキング駆動機構と、
該ロッキングビームを収納し、該連結アセンブリの第1の部分を収納するクランクケースと、
接続棒によって該ロッキングビームに連結されるクランク軸であって、それにより該ロッキングビームの該回転運動は該クランク軸に伝達される、クランク軸と、
該少なくとも1つのシリンダ、該少なくとも1つのピストン、および該連結アセンブリの第2の部分を収納する作用空間と、
該クランクケースから該作用空間を密閉するためのシールと
を備える、項目11に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目13)
上記シールは、転動形ダイアフラムである、項目12に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目14)
上記連結アセンブリは、
ピストン棒と、
リンク棒であって、該ピストン棒およびリンク棒は、連結手段によって一体に連結される、リンク棒と
をさらに備える、項目12に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目15)
上記クランクケースの中に潤滑流体ポンプをさらに備える、項目12に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目16)
上記熱交換器は、上記蒸発器・凝縮器の上記筐体の周囲に配置される、項目12に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目17)
上記熱交換器は、上記外管が原料流体流路であり、上記少なくとも1つの内管が生産物流体流路である、外管と熱交換器とをさらに備える、項目12に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目18)
上記熱交換器は、少なくとも3つの内管をさらに備える、項目17に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目19)
上記蒸発器・凝縮器は、上記複数の管に流体的に接続される蒸気室をさらに備える、項目12に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
(項目20)
上記再生ブロワは、磁気駆動連結部によって駆動されるインペラアセンブリをさらに備える、項目12に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
ここで図2−2Aを参照すると、水蒸気蒸留装置の例示的実施形態では、熱交換器は、逆流チューブインチューブ熱交換器センブリ200であってもよい。この実施形態では、熱交換器アセンブリ200は、図2Aに図示された、外管202と、複数の内管204と、1対のコネクタ206とを含んでもよい。熱交換器アセンブリ200の代替実施形態は、コネクタ206を含まなくてもよい。
ここで図4−4Bを参照すると、蒸発器・凝縮器(本明細書では、「蒸発器/凝縮器」とも呼ばれる)アセンブリ400の例示的実施形態は、最上部および底部を有する蒸発器/凝縮器チャンバ402から成ってもよい。チャンバ402は、外郭構造410と、上管板414と、下管板412とを含んでもよい。下管板412には、流入源水を保持するための水溜アセンブリ404が取り付けられる。同様に、上管板414には、上フランジ406が取り付けられる。このフランジは、蒸気室408を蒸発器/凝縮器チャンバ402に接続する。蒸発器/凝縮器チャンバ402内には、複数の棒416があり、各棒は、図4Aおよび4Bに図示されるように、管418によって包囲される。管418は、水溜404および上フランジ406と流体接続している。蒸発器/凝縮器アセンブリ420の代替実施形態を図示する、図4Cも参照されたい。
水蒸気蒸留装置100は、圧縮器106を含んでもよい。例示的実施形態では、圧縮器は、再生ブロワである。他の種類の圧縮器が実装されてもよいが、この用途の目的で、再生ブロワが示されており、例示的実施形態に関して説明されている。再生ブロワの目的は、蒸発器/凝縮器の蒸発器域から退出する低圧蒸気を圧縮して、高圧蒸気を生成することである。蒸気の圧力を増加させると、蒸気の温度が上昇する。高圧蒸気が蒸発器/凝縮器の凝縮器域の管の上で凝縮すると、熱エネルギーが流入源水に伝達されるため、この温度の上昇が望ましい。高圧蒸気から伝達される熱エネルギーが再生ブロワに低圧蒸気を供給するため、この熱伝達が重要である。
ここで図19を参照すると、水蒸気蒸留装置100の例示的実施形態はまた、液面センサアセンブリ1900(図1では108としても識別される)を含んでもよい。このアセンブリは、装置100によって生産される生産水および/または放出水の量を測定する。
装置はまた、異なる水流経路用の複数の制御弁を有する、多岐管を含んでもよい。典型的には、この多岐管は、装置に進入する水の量を制御するように、源水用の入口配管内に制御弁を含んでもよい。過大な圧力において、制御弁は開くことができなくなり、またはいったん開くと閉じることができなくなる場合があるため、源水の圧力を調節するために、調節器が入口配管に含まれてもよい。
本明細書では、源水を濾すステップと、熱交換器を使用して源水を加熱するステップと、源水を低圧蒸気に変換するステップと、乾燥低圧蒸気を生成するように原料蒸気から水を除去するステップと、乾燥低圧蒸気を高圧蒸気に圧縮するステップと、高圧蒸気を生産水に凝縮するステップとを含む、水蒸気蒸留の方法も開示される。
圧縮器にわたる圧力差は、装置が生成し得る生産水の量を直接決定する。装置からの特定量の生産水出力を確保するために、圧縮器にわたる圧力差を調整することができる。圧縮器の速度を増加させると、典型的には、蒸発器/凝縮器の双方にわたる圧力差の増加をもたらす。圧力差を増加させると、源水が清浄な生産水に蒸発させられる速度が増加する。
本明細書では、その内容が参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる、2007年5月17日発行の「Systems and Methods for Distributed Utilities」と題された米国特許出願公開第2007/0112530A1で説明されているように、以前に開示された水を蒸留するための装置が分配システムに実装されてもよい場合が開示される。さらに、その内容が参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる、2007年5月17日発行の「Systems and Methods for Distributed Utilities」と題された米国特許出願公開第2007/0112530A1で説明されているように、監視/通信システムもまた、分配システム内に含まれてもよい。
蒸留器/水蒸気蒸留装置の例示的実施形態を説明したが、蒸留器の特定の要素(すなわち、熱交換器、蒸発器・凝縮器、圧縮器等)の代替実施形態を含む、蒸留器の代替実施形態が検討される。したがって、いくつかの代替実施形態では、要素のうちの1つ以上が、本明細書で説明される代替実施形態の要素と置換される。いくつかの実施形態では、蒸留器全体が代替実施形態に置換され、例えば、一実施形態で説明されるようなシステムが例示的実施形態を蒸留器として利用する一方で、他の実施形態では、システムは代替実施形態を利用する。
上記の水蒸気蒸留装置の種々の実施形態は、いくつかの実施形態では、スターリングサイクル機(スターリングエンジンと呼ばれてもよい)によって電力供給されてもよい。例示的実施形態では、スターリングサイクル機は、その全体が参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる、2008年4月18日出願の代理人整理番号170を有する、係属中の米国特許出願第12/105,854号で説明されているスターリングエンジンである。しかしながら、他の実施形態では、スターリングサイクル機は、全てそれらの全体が参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許第6,381,958号、第6,247,310号、第6,536,207号、第6,705,081号、第7,111,460号、および第6,694,731号で説明されている、スターリングサイクル機のいずれかであってもよい。
ここで図52−54を参照すると、一実施形態によるスターリングサイクル機の実施形態が断面で示される。エンジンの実施形態は、概して、数字5300によって指定される。スターリングサイクル機は、概して、図52−54に示されたスターリングエンジン5300の実施形態に関して説明されるが、同様に、冷凍機および圧縮器を含むがそれらに限定されない多くの種類の機械およびエンジンが、外燃エンジンおよび内燃エンジンを含むがそれらに限定されない、本明細書で説明される種々の実施形態および改良の利益を享受してもよいことを理解されたい。
ここで図58および511を参照すると、図11は、クランク軸5814の1周回中のピストン5802、5804、5806、および5808の動作を示す。クランク軸5814の1/4周回により、ピストン5802は、別名で上死点として知られる、シリンダの最上部にあり、ピストン5806は、上向きの中間工程にあり、ピストン5804は、別名で下死点として知られる、シリンダの底部にあり、ピストン5808は、下向きの中間工程にある。クランク軸5814の1/2周回により、ピストン5802は、下向きの中間工程にあり、ピストン5806は、上死点にあり、ピストン5804は、上向きの中間工程にあり、ピストン5808は、下死点にある。クランク軸5814の3/4周回により、ピストン5802は、下死点にあり、ピストン5806は、下向きの中間工程にあり、ピストン5804は、上死点にあり、ピストン5808は、上向きの中間工程にある。最後に、クランク軸5814の完全周回により、ピストン5802は、上向きの工程にあり、ピストン5806は、下死点にあり、ピストン5804は、下向きの中間工程にあり、ピストン5808は、上死点にある。各1/4周回中に、ピストン5802と5806との間の90度位相差、ピストン5802と5804との間の180度位相差、ならびにピストン5802と5808との間の270度の位相差がある。図512Aは、先行および後続ピストンと約90度位相がずれている、ピストンの関係を図示する。加えて、図511は、伝達作用の例示的実施形態の機械の手段を示す。したがって、クランク軸5814の完全回転により、全てのピストンが、それぞれのシリンダの最上部から底部まで移動することによって作用を発揮するように、ピストン5802からピストン5806へ、ピストン5804へ、ピストン5808へと、作用が伝達される。
スターリングサイクル機のいくつかの実施形態では、潤滑流体が使用される。潤滑流体がクランクケースから漏出することを防止するために、シールが使用される。
密閉するように機能する、転動形ダイアフラムおよび/またはベローズの種々の実施形態が上記で説明されている。上記の説明と、転動形ダイアフラムおよび/またはベローズのパラメータに関する以下の付加的な説明とに基づいて、さらなる実施形態が当業者に明白となるであろう。
式中、
Lt=引張荷重
Pd=圧力差
Aa=環状域
であり、
Aa=p/4*(D2−d2)
式中、
D=シリンダ内径
d=ピストン直径
であり、ベローズ材料における応力の引張成分は、以下のように近似することができる。
これは、次に帰着する。
以降、以下のように定義される、シリンダ内径(D)およびピストン直径(d)に対する畳み込み半径Rcの関係を示す。
したがって、Stに対する次式が、その最終形態に帰着する。
式中、
tb=ベローズ材料の厚さ
である。
内側で転動形ダイアフラムおよび/またはベローズが転動する環状域は、概して、畳み込み域と呼ばれる。転動形ダイアフラムおよび/またはベローズの疲労寿命は、概して、圧力差による引張(およびフープ)荷重、ならびに布が畳み込みを通して転動する時の屈曲による疲労の両方からの複合応力によって、制限される。この「転動」中に布が呈する半径を、ここでは、畳み込み半径Rcとして定義する。
畳み込み半径Rcを介して転動する際の、転動形ダイアフラムおよび/またはベローズ材料における曲げ応力Sbは、その半径、ならびに屈曲している材料の厚さの関数である。繊維強化材料については、繊維径が減少するにつれて、繊維自体における応力が軽減される(例示的実施形では所定の偏向中に)。同じ液面の屈曲に対する、結果として生じたより低い応力は、疲労寿命限界の増加を可能にする。繊維径がさらに低減されるにつれて、繊維における曲げ応力を耐久限界下で保ちながら、畳み込み半径Rcを減少させる可撓性が達成される。同時に、Rcが減少するにつれて、ピストンとシリンダとの間の環帯の中の非支持域が少ないため、布に対する引張荷重が低減される。繊維径が小さくなるほど、最小Rcが小さくなり、環状域が小さくなって、より高い許容圧力差をもたらす。
式中、
M=曲げモーメント
E=弾性係数
I=慣性モーメント
R=曲げ半径
である。
式中、
Y=曲げの中立軸より上側の距離
であり、置換すると、
Sb=(E*I/R)*Y/I
Sb=E*Y/R
が生じる。
Ymax=tb/2
Sb=E*tb/(2*R)
である。
したがって、Rcがtbに正比例して減少させられた場合には、この領域中の膜に対する応力の増加がない。しかしながら、Rcをtbよりも大きい比に減少させる態様でこの比が低減された場合には、パラメータの平衡を保たなければならない。したがって、Rcに対してtbを減少させることは、転動形ダイアフラムおよび/またはベローズが、圧力によるさらに大きい応力を支持することを必要とするが、曲げによる低減した応力液面を生み出す。圧力ベースの荷重は、本質的に一定であるため、このことが有利であってもよく、したがって、曲げ荷重が周期的であるため、最終的に疲労寿命を制限するのは曲げ荷重成分である。
tb:膜の厚さ(および/または繊維径)、
Sut:転動形ダイアフラムおよび/またはベローズの終局引張強度、および
Slcf:転動形ダイアフラムおよび/またはベローズの制限疲労強度。
ここで図513Gを参照すると、機械の実施形態が示され、スターリングサイクルエンジン等のエンジン51326は、少なくとも1つピストン棒シール51314と、ピストンシール51324と、ピストンガイドリング51322(図516で51616として示される)とを含む。ピストンシール51324およびピストンガイドリング51322の種々の実施形態は、以下で、ならびに前述のように参照することにより組み込まれる、2003年2月6日のLangenfeldらの米国特許出願公開第2003/0024387A1号(現在は放棄)でさらに論議されている。
ここで図522を参照すると、ロッキングビーム駆動部52202および潤滑流体52204を有する、機械用のエンジン52200の一実施形態の代表的な説明図が示されている。いくつかの実施形態では、潤滑流体は油である。潤滑流体は、流体力学上の圧力によって供給された潤滑軸受等の、クランクケース52206の中のエンジン部品を潤滑するために使用される。エンジン52200の可動部品を潤滑すると、エンジン部品間の摩擦をさらに低減し、エンジン効率およびエンジン寿命をさらに増加させる働きをする。いくつかの実施形態では、潤滑流体は、油水溜としても知られるエンジンの底部に配置され、クランクケースの全体を通して分配されてもよい。潤滑流体は、潤滑流体ポンプによってエンジン52200の異なる部品に分配されてもよく、潤滑流体ポンプは、フィルタ付き入口を介して、水溜から潤滑流体を収集してもよい。例示的実施形態では、潤滑流体は油であり、したがって、潤滑流体ポンプは、本明細書では油ポンプと呼ばれる。しかしながら、「油ポンプ」という用語は、油が潤滑流体として使用される、例示的実施形態および他の実施形態を説明するためのみに使用され、該用語は、潤滑流体または潤滑流体ポンプを限定するように解釈されるものではない。
上記のように、システム、方法、および装置の種々の実施形態は、初期水質にかかわらず、全ての環境で使用するための信頼できる飲用水源を提供することができる、低コストで、容易に保守され、高度に効率的で、可搬式で、二重安全装置を装備したシステムを有利に提供してもよい。システムは、例えば、可搬式電源および中程度の電力経費を使用する個人規模または限定されたコミュニティ規模で、飲用または医療用途のために、飲料水の連続流を生産することを目的とする。一例として、いくつかの実施形態では、約500ワットの電力経費で、毎時間少なくとも約10ガロンの水を生産するために、水蒸気蒸留装置が利用されてもよい。このことは、非常に効率的な熱伝達プロセスおよび多数のサブシステム設計最適化を通して、達成されてもよい。
Claims (16)
- 源水入力部と、
蒸発器・凝縮器装置であって、
実質的に円筒形の筐体と、
該筐体内の複数の管と
を備え、該源水入力部は、該蒸発器・凝縮器に流体的に接続され、該蒸発器・凝縮器は、源水を蒸気に変換し、圧縮蒸気を生産水に変換する、蒸発器・凝縮器装置と、
該源水入力部と生産水出力部とに流体的に接続される熱交換器であって、該熱交換器は、
外管と、
少なくとも3つの内管であって、該外管は、源水流路であり、該少なくとも3つの内管の少なくとも1つは、生産水流路であり、該少なくとも3つの内管は、実質的にらせん形状を形成するように巻き付けられる、少なくとも3つの内管と
を備える、熱交換器と、
該蒸発器・凝縮器に流体的に接続される再生ブロワであって、該再生ブロワは、蒸気を圧縮し、該圧縮蒸気は、圧縮蒸気が生産水に変換される蒸発凝縮器へと流れる、再生ブロワと
を備え、
ここで、該蒸発器・凝縮器はさらに、該複数の管に流体的に接続される蒸気室を備え、
ここで、該源水は、該熱交換器の該源水流路内を移動し、
ここで、該源水は、該蒸発器・凝縮器の該円筒形の筐体中で高圧蒸気により蒸発し、そして該高圧蒸気は凝縮されて生産水になり、
ここで、該複数の管中で発生した蒸気は、生産水になるために該蒸気室の金網表面を通過し、
ここで、低圧蒸気が該蒸気室から排出され、そして該再生ブロワにより高圧蒸気に変換され、
そしてここで、該高圧蒸気は、該蒸気室を通る蒸気管により、該蒸発器・凝縮器の該筐体内に供給される、
流体蒸気蒸留装置。 - 前記熱交換器は、前記蒸発器・凝縮器の前記筐体の周囲に配置される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記熱交換器は、2つの端をさらに備え、各端においてコネクタが取り付けられ、該コネクタは、前記蒸発器・凝縮器への接続部を形成する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記蒸発器・凝縮器の管は、該管の内側にパッキングをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記パッキングは、棒である、請求項4に記載の装置。
- 前記再生ブロワは、磁気駆動連結部によって駆動されるインペラアセンブリをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 水蒸気蒸留装置であって、
源水入力部と、
蒸発器・凝縮器装置であって、
実質的に円筒形の筐体と、
該筐体内の複数の管と
を備え、該源水入力部は、該蒸発器・凝縮器に流体的に接続され、該蒸発器・凝縮器は、源水を蒸気に変換し、圧縮蒸気を生産水に変換する、蒸発器・凝縮器装置と、
該源水入力部と生産水出力部とに流体的に接続される熱交換器であって、該熱交換器は、
外管と、
少なくとも1つの内管と
を備える、熱交換器と、
該蒸発器・凝縮器に流体的に接続される再生ブロワであって、該再生ブロワは、蒸気を圧縮し、該圧縮蒸気は、圧縮蒸気が生産水に変換される蒸発凝縮器へと流れる、再生ブロワと
を備える、水蒸気蒸留装置と、
該水蒸気蒸留装置に電気的に接続されるスターリングエンジンであって、該スターリングエンジンは、少なくとも部分的に該水蒸気蒸留装置に電力供給する、スターリングエンジンと
を備え、
ここで、該外管が源水流路であり、該少なくとも1つの内管が生産水流路であり、
ここで、該蒸発器・凝縮器はさらに、該複数の管に流体的に接続される蒸気室を備え、
ここで、該源水は、該熱交換器の該源水流路内を移動し、
ここで、該源水は、該蒸発器・凝縮器の該円筒形の筐体中で高圧蒸気により蒸発し、そして該高圧蒸気は凝縮されて生産水になり、
ここで、該複数の管中で発生した蒸気は、生産水になるために該蒸気室の金網表面を通過し、
ここで、低圧蒸気が該蒸気室から排出され、そして該再生ブロワにより高圧蒸気に変換され、
そしてここで、該高圧蒸気は、該蒸気室を通る蒸気管により、該蒸発器・凝縮器の該筐体内に供給される、
水蒸気蒸留システム。 - 前記スターリングエンジンは、
少なくとも1つのロッキング駆動機構であって、
ロッカー枢動部を有するロッキングビームと、
少なくとも1つのシリンダと、
少なくとも1つピストンであって、該ピストンは、各シリンダ内に収納され、該ピストンは各シリンダ内で実質的に直線的に往復運動することが可能である、ピストンと、
近位端および遠位端を有する、少なくとも1つの連結アセンブリであって、該近位端は該ピストンに接続され、該遠位端は端枢動部によって該ロッキングビームに接続され、該ピストンの直線運動は該ロッキングビームの回転運動に転換される、少なくとも1つの連結アセンブリと
を備える、少なくとも1つのロッキング駆動機構と、
該ロッキングビームを収納し、該連結アセンブリの第1の部分を収納するクランクケースと、
接続棒によって該ロッキングビームに連結されるクランク軸であって、該ロッキングビームの該回転運動は該クランク軸に伝達される、クランク軸と、
該少なくとも1つのシリンダ、該少なくとも1つのピストン、および該連結アセンブリの第2の部分を収納する作用空間と、
該クランクケースから該作用空間を密閉するためのシールと
を備える、請求項7に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。 - 前記シールは、転動形ダイアフラムである、請求項8に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
- 前記連結アセンブリは、
ピストン棒と、
リンク棒であって、該ピストン棒およびリンク棒は、連結手段によって一体に連結される、リンク棒と
をさらに備える、請求項8に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。 - 前記クランクケースの中に潤滑流体ポンプをさらに備える、請求項8に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
- 前記熱交換器は、前記蒸発器・凝縮器の前記筐体の周囲に配置される、請求項8に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
- 前記熱交換器は、少なくとも3つの内管をさらに備える、請求項11に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
- 前記再生ブロワは、磁気駆動連結部によって駆動されるインペラアセンブリをさらに備える、請求項8に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
- 前記熱交換器は、前記蒸発器・凝縮器の前記筐体の周囲に配置される、請求項7に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
- 前記熱交換器は、前記蒸発器・凝縮器の前記筐体の周囲に配置される、請求項8に記載の水蒸気蒸留システム。
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JP (1) | JP5490685B2 (ja) |
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CN (2) | CN103553163B (ja) |
CA (2) | CA2689931C (ja) |
MX (2) | MX2009013337A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008154435A2 (ja) |
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KR100666871B1 (ko) * | 2004-09-09 | 2007-01-10 | 노홍조 | 열교환기 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2024149964A1 (fr) * | 2023-01-13 | 2024-07-18 | Safran Electronics & Defense | Echangeur thermique pour machine a froid |
FR3145031A1 (fr) * | 2023-01-13 | 2024-07-19 | Safran Electronics & Defense | Echangeur thermique pour machine à froid |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20130082511A (ko) | 2013-07-19 |
JP2010528848A (ja) | 2010-08-26 |
US8006511B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 |
KR101967001B1 (ko) | 2019-04-08 |
CA2689931C (en) | 2017-02-28 |
CA2959009C (en) | 2020-02-25 |
CN103553163A (zh) | 2014-02-05 |
CA2959009A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
KR101826452B1 (ko) | 2018-03-22 |
CN101765563B (zh) | 2012-10-24 |
EP3730458A1 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
MX2022008884A (es) | 2022-08-11 |
EP2158161A2 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
KR20170101322A (ko) | 2017-09-05 |
KR20160040730A (ko) | 2016-04-14 |
CN101765563A (zh) | 2010-06-30 |
CN103553163B (zh) | 2016-05-25 |
WO2008154435A9 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
US20090025399A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
KR101730962B1 (ko) | 2017-05-11 |
MX2009013337A (es) | 2010-01-18 |
CA2689931A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
KR101826492B1 (ko) | 2018-03-22 |
WO2008154435A2 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
KR20100041747A (ko) | 2010-04-22 |
EP2158161B1 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
WO2008154435A3 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
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