JP5069206B2 - リチウム2次電池用負極およびこれを含むリチウム2次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム2次電池用負極およびこれを含むリチウム2次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5069206B2 JP5069206B2 JP2008302319A JP2008302319A JP5069206B2 JP 5069206 B2 JP5069206 B2 JP 5069206B2 JP 2008302319 A JP2008302319 A JP 2008302319A JP 2008302319 A JP2008302319 A JP 2008302319A JP 5069206 B2 JP5069206 B2 JP 5069206B2
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- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- negative electrode
- lithium
- lithium secondary
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 93
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 87
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- -1 LiCF 3 SO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011834 metal-based active material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910012424 LiSO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 102
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005822 acrylic binder Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LXRYWGXWAXCTJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].B([O-])([O-])O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] Chemical compound [Li+].B([O-])([O-])O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] LXRYWGXWAXCTJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1F AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIWAPWDHHMWTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC(I)=C1I RIWAPWDHHMWTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEBWOGPSYUIOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1 PEBWOGPSYUIOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BBOLNFYSRZVALD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1I BBOLNFYSRZVALD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QUGUFLJIAFISSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 QUGUFLJIAFISSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFMWZTSOMGDDJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 LFMWZTSOMGDDJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGPNJZYOHABTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,6-trichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC=C(Cl)C1Cl WGPNJZYOHABTAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCIXPTYBPVDLSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,6-triiodo-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(I)C=CC=C(I)C1I BCIXPTYBPVDLSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKUBSWJMNSYFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)CC(Cl)=CC=C1 CXKUBSWJMNSYFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXMUFZLVYDRMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)CC(F)=CC=C1 PXMUFZLVYDRMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLXMSYKIKJDKRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diiodo-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(I)CC(I)=CC=C1 OLXMSYKIKJDKRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1F MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RINOYHWVBUKAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1I RINOYHWVBUKAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWWOHROKOFWJSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,6-trichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=CC1Cl YWWOHROKOFWJSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMTGTJVJFGMZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,6-trifluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC(F)=CC1F ZMTGTJVJFGMZKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDWSTYFJZZKEFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,6-triiodo-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(I)C=CC(I)=CC1I ZDWSTYFJZZKEFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPNQJIWBFJUXNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OPNQJIWBFJUXNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTWYQAQAMJSNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)CC=C(F)C=C1 UTWYQAQAMJSNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCUSDLHJLRGFAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-diiodo-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(I)CC=C(I)C=C1 KCUSDLHJLRGFAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNMSBVYZDQGYLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carbonitrile Chemical compound O=C1OCC(C#N)O1 DNMSBVYZDQGYLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIGQQEOWQNDHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dichloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1(Cl)COC(=O)O1 HIGQQEOWQNDHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPSZQZDENOVTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1COC(=O)O1 GPSZQZDENOVTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCEVCXPUGOBVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dichloro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(Cl)C=CC=CC1Cl PCEVCXPUGOBVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMTFMQAGUXZMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-difluoro-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(F)C=CC=CC1F CMTFMQAGUXZMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTWXIVZRKZIBPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-diiodo-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC1(I)C=CC=CC1I DTWXIVZRKZIBPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZZAHWRTLCOXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)(=O)=O.O=C1OCCO1 Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.O=C1OCCO1 IZZAHWRTLCOXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010676 Ocimum basilicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007926 Ocimum gratissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N as-o-xylenol Natural products CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodiperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)OO NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007756 gravure coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1 SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011254 layer-forming composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;sulfane Chemical compound C.S YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxacycloundecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCO1 GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011871 silicon-based negative electrode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBYFNZOIUUXJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetralithium oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O RBYFNZOIUUXJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0409—Methods of deposition of the material by a doctor blade method, slip-casting or roller coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/387—Tin or alloys based on tin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/426—Fluorocarbon polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
上記活物質層2は負極活物質、バインダーおよび選択的に導電材および気孔形成剤を含む。
気孔度(%) = Vp/(Vg+Vp)*100
Vp: 非水銀ポロシメーターで測定して負極且つ物質中にある長径3μm以下の気孔の体積
Vg: 気孔の体積を除いた負極活物質の体積
(上記の式で、0.95≦a≦1.1、および0≦b≦0.5である)・・・(化学式1)
(上記の式で、0.95≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.5、0≦c≦0.05である)・・・(化学式2)
(上記の式で、0≦b≦0.5、0≦c≦0.05である)・・・(化学式3)
(上記の式で、0.95≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.5、0≦c≦0.05、0<α≦2である)・・・(化学式4)
(上記の式で、0.95≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.5、0≦c≦0.05、0<α<2である)・・・(化学式5)
(上記の式で、0.95≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.5、0≦c≦0.05、0<α<2である)・・・(化学式6)
(上記の式で、0.95≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.5、0≦c≦0.05、0<α≦2である)・・・(化学式7)
(上記の式で、0.95≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.5、0≦c≦0.05、0<α<2である)・・・(化学式8)
(上記の式で、0.95≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.5、0≦c≦0.05、0<α<2である)・・・(化学式9)
(上記の式で、0.90≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.9、0≦c≦0.5、0.001≦d≦0.1である。)・・・(化学式10)
(上記の式で、0.90≦a≦1.1、0≦b≦0.9、0≦c≦0.5、0≦d≦0.5、0.001≦e≦0.1である。)・・・(化学式11)
(上記の式で、0.90≦a≦1.1、0.001≦b≦0.1である。)・・・(化学式12)
(上記の式で、0.90≦a≦1.1、0.001≦b≦0.1である。)・・・(化学式13)
(上記の式で、0.90≦a≦1.1、0.001≦b≦0.1である。)・・・(化学式14)
(上記の式で、0.90≦a≦1.1、0.001≦b≦0.1である。)・・・(化学式15)
(上記化学式25で、R1〜R6は各々独立的に水素、ハロゲン、炭素数1〜10のアルキル基、ハロアルキル基およびこれらの組み合わせで構成された群より選択されることである。)
(上記化学式26で、R7およびR8は各々独立的に水素、ハロゲン基、シアノ基(CN)、ニトロ基(NO2)および炭素数1〜5のフルオロアルキル基で構成される群より選択され、但し、R7とR8が同時には水素になってはならない。)
Sn活物質80質量%、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンバインダー10質量%、およびカーボンブラック10質量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中に混合して製造された混合物100質量部に対して(NH4)2CO3気孔形成剤10質量部を添加して、負極活物質スラリーを製造した。上記負極活物質スラリーを銅箔電流集電体に塗布した後、150℃で乾燥して、気孔形成剤を除去することによって負極活物質層を形成した。
Si活物質80質量%、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンバインダー10質量%、およびカーボンブラック10質量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中に混合して製造した混合物100質量部に対してNH4HCO3気孔形成剤10質量部を添加して、負極活物質スラリーを製造した。上記負極活物質スラリーを銅箔電流集電体に塗布した後、150℃で乾燥して、気孔形成剤を除去することによって負極活物質層を形成した。
Si活物質80質量%、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンバインダー10質量%、およびカーボンブラック10質量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して、製造した混合物100質量部に対して(NH4)2C2O4気孔形成剤10質量部を添加して、負極活物質スラリーを製造した。上記負極活物質スラリーを銅箔電流集電体に塗布した後、150℃で乾燥して、気孔形成剤を除去することによって負極活物質層を形成した。
実施例1において高強度バインダー層を形成しないのを除いては実施例1と同様な方法で実施してリチウム2次電池用負極を製造した。
Snの金属系活物質80質量%、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンバインダー10質量%、(NH4)2CO310質量%およびカーボンブラック10質量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中に混合して負極活物質スラリーを製造した。上記負極活物質スラリーを銅箔電流集電体に塗布した後、150℃で乾燥して、負極活物質層を形成した。
上記実施例1〜3および比較例1、2により製造された負極に対して活物質層の気孔度および高強度バインダー層での機械的強度を各々測定した。その結果を下記表1に示した。
上記実施例1、2および比較例1、2により製造された負極を含む負極に対して電気化学的特性評価(C−rate別充放電特性および寿命特性)を次の通り実施した。
上記電池特性評価1の方法で製造されたコインセルに対して初めての充電時0.005V(vsLi/Li+)まで充電して放電時1.0Vまで放電した。この時C−rateは0.2C⇔0.2Cにした。2回目のサイクルからは充放電Cut−offを初めてのサイクルと同じ電位まで充放電を行った。この時C−rateは初めての充放電と同様0.5C⇔0.5Cにした。サイクル寿命は0.5Cで30サイクルの充放電を実施した後の容量を初基容量に対する%比率で示した。
本発明はリチウム2次電池用負極およびこれを含むリチウム2次電池に関し、より詳しくは体積膨張および極板での電解液界面反応が抑制されて、優れた寿命特性を有するリチウム2次電池用負極およびこれを含むリチウム2次電池に関する。
2 負極活物質層
3 高強度バインダー層
100 リチウム2次電池
112 負極
113 セパレータ
114 正極
120 電池容器
140 封入部材
Claims (28)
- 集電体と、
前記集電体の上に形成されて金属系活物質を含む多孔性活物質層と、
前記多孔性活物質層の上に形成されるバインダー層と、
を含み、
前記バインダー層は5〜70MPaの強度を有し、
前記バインダー層は、バインダーおよびフィラーを含み、
前記バインダーは、10%〜70%の結晶化度と、−100℃〜100℃のガラス転移温度(Tg)とを有することを特徴とする、リチウム2次電池用負極。 - 前記バインダーは、アクリレート系高分子、ビニル系高分子、フッ素系高分子、イミド系高分子、セルロース系高分子、アミドイミド系高分子、スルホン系高分子、アルキレンオキサイド系高分子、これらの共重合体およびこれらの混合物で構成される群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記バインダー層は、アクリル系高分子をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記アクリル系高分子は、バインダー100質量部に対して50〜300質量部で含まれることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記アクリル系高分子は、二種以上のアルキル(メタ)アクリレートの単量体からなるポリ(アルキル(メタ)アクリレート)共重合体であることを特徴とする、請求項3又は4に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記フィラーは、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニア、チタニア、およびこれらの混合物で構成される群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記フィラーは、5nm〜500nmの平均粒子サイズを有することを特徴とする請求項1〜6の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記フィラーは、前記バインダー100質量部に対して10〜90質量部で含まれることを特徴とする請求項1〜7の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記バインダー層は、リチウム塩をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜8の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記リチウム塩は、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiSbF6、LiAsF6、LiClO4、LiCF3SO3、LiC4F9SO3、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、LiAlO2、LiAlCl4、LiN(CpF2p+1SO2)(CqF2q+1SO2)(ここで、pおよびqは自然数である)、LiSO3CF3、LiCl、LiI、リチウムビスオキサレートボレート(lithiumbisoxalateborate)、およびこれらの混合物で構成される群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記リチウム塩は、バインダー層総質量に対して1〜50質量%で含まれることを特徴とする、請求項9又は10に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記バインダー層は、1〜20μmの厚さを有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜11の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記多孔性活物質層は30〜70体積%の気孔度を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜12の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記金属系活物質は、金属リチウム、リチウムと合金化可能な金属物質、およびこれらの混合物で構成される群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜13の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 前記リチウムと合金化可能な金属物質は、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Fr、Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Ra、Ti、Ag、Zn、Cd、Al、Ga、In、Si、Ge、Sn、Pb、Sb、Biおよびこれらの組み合わせで構成された群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極。
- 集電体と、
前記集電体の上に形成されて金属系活物質を含む多孔性活物質層と、
前記多孔性活物質層の上に形成されるバインダー層と、
を含み、
前記バインダー層は5〜70MPaの強度を有する負極と、
正極と、
電解質と、
を含み、
前記バインダー層は、バインダーおよびフィラーを含み、
前記バインダーは、10%〜70%の結晶化度と、−100℃〜100℃のガラス転移温度(Tg)とを有することを特徴とする、リチウム2次電池。 - 前記バインダーは、アクリレート系高分子、ビニル系高分子、フッ素系高分子、イミド系高分子、セルロース系高分子、アミドイミド系高分子、スルホン系高分子、アルキレンオキシド系高分子、これらの共重合体およびこれらの混合物で構成される群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項16に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記バインダー層は、アクリル系高分子をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項16または17に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記アクリル系高分子は、前記バインダー100質量部に対して50〜300質量部で含まれることを特徴とする、請求項18に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記アクリル系高分子は、ポリ(アルキル(メタ)アクリレート−コ−アルキル(メタ)アクリレート)であることを特徴とする、請求項18又は19に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記フィラーは、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニア、チタニア、およびこれらの混合物で構成される群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項16〜20の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記フィラーは、5nm〜500nmの平均粒子サイズを有することを特徴とする、請求項16〜21の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記フィラーは、バインダー100質量部に対して10〜90質量部で含まれることを特徴とする請求項16〜22の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記バインダー層は、リチウム塩をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項16〜23の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記リチウム塩は、バインダー層総質量に対して1〜50質量%で含まれることを特徴とする、請求項24に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記バインダー層は、1〜20μmの厚さを有することを特徴とする、請求項16〜25の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記多孔性活物質層は、30〜70体積%の気孔度を有することを特徴とする、請求項16〜26の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記金属系活物質は、金属リチウム、リチウムと合金化可能な金属物質、およびこれらの混合物で構成される群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項16〜27の何れかに記載のリチウム2次電池。
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