JP6274722B2 - リチウム2次電池用正極およびこれを含むリチウム2次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム2次電池用正極およびこれを含むリチウム2次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6274722B2 JP6274722B2 JP2012276642A JP2012276642A JP6274722B2 JP 6274722 B2 JP6274722 B2 JP 6274722B2 JP 2012276642 A JP2012276642 A JP 2012276642A JP 2012276642 A JP2012276642 A JP 2012276642A JP 6274722 B2 JP6274722 B2 JP 6274722B2
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- positive electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- lithium secondary
- activated carbon
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 50
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 45
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 148
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 chalcogenide compound Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 15
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N R-mevalonolactone, (-)- Chemical compound C[C@@]1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005993 acrylate styrene-butadiene rubber polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N as-o-xylenol Natural products CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021475 bohrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodiperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)OO NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005994 diacetyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYMHIBZGTAPASQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethcathinone Chemical compound CCNC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LYMHIBZGTAPASQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1 SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical group C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940057061 mevalonolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxacycloundecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCO1 GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021477 seaborgium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluorotoluene Substances FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H01M4/621—Binders
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Description
このようなリチウム2次電池の負極(anode)活物質としては、リチウム金属、炭素系物質、Siなどが使用されている。
リチウム2次電池の正極(cathode)活物質としては、リチウムイオンのインターカレーションとデインターカレーションが可能な金属のカルコゲニド(chalcogenide)化合物が使用され、その例としてLiCoO2、LiMn2O4、LiNiO2、LiNi1−xCoxO2(0<X<1)、LiMnO2などの複合金属酸化物が使用されている。
本発明の他の一実施形態は、前記正極を含むリチウム2次電池を提供することにその目的がある。
前記活性炭の平均粒径の、前記正極活物質の平均粒径に対する比が1〜1.4であってもよい。
前記正極活物質および活性炭の重量混合比が、98:2〜60:40であってもよく、前記正極活物質および活性炭の重量混合比が、94:6〜69:31であってもよい。
前記活性炭の平均粒径が、1μm〜32μmであってもよい。前記活性炭の平均粒径は、1μm〜30μmであってもよい。
前記正極は、導電材およびバインダーをさらに含む。
本発明の他の一実施形態は、前記正極;負極活物質を含む負極;および有機溶媒およびリチウム塩を含む電解質を含むリチウム2次電池を提供する。前記負極活物質は、非晶質炭素であってもよい。
活性炭の比率が前記正極活物質と活性炭の混合比の範囲外であり、例えば活性炭の比率が正極活物質対比40%を超える量で混合される場合、活物質よりも密度が低い活性炭がむしろ抵抗として作用し得る場合がある。
前記負極活物質は、リチウムイオンを可逆的にインターカレーション/デインターカレーションすることができる物質、リチウム金属、リチウム金属の合金、リチウムにドープおよび脱ドープ可能な物質または遷移金属酸化物を含む。
前記有機溶媒としては、カーボネート系、エステル系、エーテル系、ケトン系、アルコール系、または非陽子性溶媒を使用することができる。前記カーボネート系溶媒としては、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、ジプロピルカーボネート(DPC)、メチルプロピルカーボネート(MPC)、エチルプロピルカーボネート(EPC)、メチルエチルカーボネート(MEC)、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、プロピレンカーボネート(PC)、ブチレンカーボネート(BC)などを使用することができ、前記エステル系溶媒としては、メチルアセテート、エチルアセテート、n−プロピルアセテート、ジメチルアセテート、メチルプロピオン酸塩、エチルプロピオン酸塩、γ−ブチロラクトン、デカノライド(decanolide)、バレロラクトン、メバロノラクトン(mevalonolactone)、カプロラクトン(caprolactone)などを使用することができる。前記エーテル系溶媒としては、ジブチルエーテル、テトラグライム、ジグライム、ジメトキシエタン、2−メチルテトラヒドロフラン、テトラヒドロフランなどを使用することができ、前記ケトン系溶媒としては、シクロヘキサノンなどを使用することができる。また前記アルコール系溶媒としては、エチルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコールなどを使用することができ、前記非陽子性溶媒としては、R−CN(Rは、炭素数2〜20の直鎖状、分枝状、または環構造の炭化水素基を含み、二重結合方向環またはエーテル結合を含むことができる)などのニトリル類、ジメチルホルムアミドなどのアミド類、1,3−ジオキソランなどのジオキソラン類、スルホラン(sulfolane)類などを使用することができる。
以下、本発明の実施例および比較例を記載する。下記実施例は本発明の一実施例に過ぎず、本発明が下記実施例に限定されるわけではない。以下実施例及び比較例において平均粒径はensol instruments社のLS 13 320粒度分析器を用いて測定した。
前記正極活物質スラリーを15μm厚さのアルミニウム箔の上にコーティングし、100℃で乾燥した後、圧延(press)して合剤(正極活物質層)密度2.6である正極を製造した。
平均粒径10μmである非晶質炭素のソフトカーボン(Hitachi社)負極活物質85重量%、アセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社)5重量%、ポリフッ化ビニリデンバインダー10重量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して負極活物質スラリーを製造した。
前記負極活物質スラリーを10μm厚さの銅箔の上にコーティングし、100℃で乾燥した後、圧延(press)して合剤(負極活物質層)密度1.2である負極を製造した。
前記工程で製造された正極および負極の間にセパレータを挟み、円筒状にワインディングしてゼリーロールを製造した。前記セパレータとしては25μm厚さのV25CGD微多孔膜(ポリエチレンおよびポリプロピレンフィルム)を使用した。
製造されたゼリーロールを18650サイズの電池ケースに入れ、電解液を注液してリチウム2次電池を製造した。前記電解液としては1.0MのLiPF6が溶解されたエチレンカーボネートとエチルメチルカーボネート混合溶液(3:7体積比)を使用した。
平均粒径が5μmであるLiCoO2の85重量%、平均粒径が2μmである活性炭(Kuraray社、ピッチ系)5重量%、アセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社)導電材4重量%およびポリフッ化ビニリデンバインダー6重量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して正極活物質スラリーを製造したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に実施してリチウム2次電池を製造した。
平均粒径が6.6μmであるLiCoO2の85重量%、平均粒径が3.85μmである活性炭(Kuraray社、ピッチ系)5重量%、アセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社)導電材4重量%およびポリフッ化ビニリデンバインダー6重量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して正極活物質スラリーを製造したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に実施してリチウム2次電池を製造した。
平均粒径が5μmであるLiCoO2の85重量%、平均粒径が4μmである活性炭(Kuraray社、ピッチ系)5重量%、アセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社)導電材4重量%およびポリフッ化ビニリデンバインダー6重量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して正極活物質スラリーを製造したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に実施してリチウム2次電池を製造した。
平均粒径が3.5μmであるLiCoO2の85重量%、平均粒径が6.8μmである活性炭(Kuraray社、ピッチ系)5重量%、アセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社)導電材4重量%およびポリフッ化ビニリデンバインダー6重量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して正極活物質スラリーを製造し、負極活物質としてハードカーボン(非晶質炭素)を使用したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に実施してリチウム2次電池を製造した。
平均粒径が6.6μmであるLiCoO2の85重量%、平均粒径が13.49μmである活性炭(Kuraray社、ピッチ系)5重量%、アセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社)導電材4重量%およびポリフッ化ビニリデンバインダー6重量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して正極活物質スラリーを製造し、負極活物質としてハードカーボンを使用したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に実施してリチウム2次電池を製造した。
平均粒径が5μmであるLiCoO2の85重量%、平均粒径が14μmである活性炭(Kuraray社、ピッチ系)5重量%、アセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社)導電材4重量%およびポリフッ化ビニリデンバインダー6重量%をN−メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して正極活物質スラリーを製造し、負極活物質としてハードカーボン(非晶質炭素)を使用したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に実施してリチウム2次電池を製造した。
また、前記実施例1〜6および比較例1〜6で製造された正極に対する電気伝導度を電気伝導度測定装置(CIS(株)、抵抗測定設備)を利用して測定し、その結果を下記表1に示した。
この結果から平均粒径が正極活物質平均粒径に対して1〜1.6倍に該当する活性炭を正極に使用する場合、高出力特性およびサイクル寿命特性に優れた電池を提供することができることが分かる。
2…正極
3…セパレータ
4…負極
5…電池容器
6…封入部材
Claims (8)
- 正極活物質;および
活性炭を含み、
前記活性炭の平均粒径の、前記正極活物質の平均粒径に対する比が1.03〜1.4である、リチウム2次電池用正極。 - 前記活性炭の平均粒径の、前記正極活物質の平均粒径に対する比が1.22〜1.4である、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池用正極。
- 前記正極活物質および活性炭の重量混合比が、98:2〜60:40である、請求項1または2に記載のリチウム2次電池用正極。
- 前記正極活物質および活性炭の重量混合比が、94:6〜69:31である、請求項1または2に記載のリチウム2次電池用正極。
- 前記活性炭の平均粒径が、1〜32μmである、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム2次電池用正極。
- 前記正極は、導電材およびバインダーをさらに含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム2次電池用正極。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の正極;
負極活物質を含む負極;および
有機溶媒およびリチウム塩を含む電解質
を含む、リチウム2次電池。 - 前記負極活物質は、非晶質炭素である、請求項7に記載のリチウム2次電池。
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